| the armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus): a witness but not a functional example for the emergence of the butyrophilin 3/vγ9vδ2 system in placental mammals. | 1-5% of human blood t cells are vγ9vδ2 t cells whose t cell receptor (tcr) contain a trgv9/trgjp rearrangement and a trdv2 comprising vδ2-chain. they respond to phosphoantigens (pags) like isopentenyl pyrophosphate or (e)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl-pyrophosphate (hmbpp) in a butyrophilin 3 (btn3)-dependent manner and may contribute to the control of mycobacterial infections. these cells were thought to be restricted to primates, but we demonstrated by analysis of genomic databases that trgv9, ... | 2018 | 29527206 |
| evidence of zoonotic leprosy in pará, brazilian amazon, and risks associated with human contact or consumption of armadillos. | mycobacterium leprae (m. leprae) is a human pathogen and the causative agent for leprosy, a chronic disease characterized by lesions of the skin and peripheral nerve damage. zoonotic transmission of m. leprae to humans by nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) has been shown to occur in the southern united states, mainly in texas, louisiana, and florida. nine-banded armadillos are also common in south america, and residents living in some areas in brazil hunt and kill armadillos as a diet ... | 2018 | 29953440 |
| serological and molecular detection of infection with mycobacterium leprae in brazilian six banded armadillos (euphractus sexcinctus). | leprosy was recognized as a zoonotic disease, associated with nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) in the southern united states of america in 2011. in addition, there is growing evidence to support a role for armadillos in zoonotic leprosy in south america. the current study evaluated twenty specimens of the six-banded armadillo (euphractus sexcinctus), collected from rural locations in the state of rio grande do norte (rn), brazil for evidence of infection with mycobacterium leprae. s ... | 2020 | 31775113 |
| survey of leptospira spp. and brucella abortus in free-ranging armadillos from pantanal, brazil. | out of the 20 recognized species of armadillos in the world, 11 are found in brazil, and five of them are found in pantanal, one of the world's largest wetlands. beef cattle (bos taurus) farming is the main economic activity in this region, which promotes intense wildlife-livestock contact and increases the likelihood of pathogen exposure, including to agents with zoonotic and economic relevance. previous studies demonstrated that several wildlife species in pantanal have been exposed to brucell ... | 2020 | 31596674 |
| brain anatomy of two-toed sloth (choloepus didactylus, linnaeus, 1758): a comparative gross anatomical study of extant xenarthrans. | the neural system plays an important role in understanding some features of animals. anatomical complexity correlates with the increase of functional capacity. xenarthrans include anteaters (vermilingua), armadillos (cingulata) and sloths (folivora). this group is the base of eutherian mammals, and understanding the anatomy of its neural system could provide data for functional and evolutionary interpretations. the gross anatomy of the xenarthran brain is recorded. four extant families of pilosa ... | 2020 | 31588601 |
| osteoderm microstructure of riostegotherium yanei, the oldest xenarthra. | abstract: riostegotherium yanei from the itaboraí basin, brazil, is the oldest known xenarthra. this paper aims to describe the internal morphology of the osteoderms of riostegotherium yanei from the perspective of histology and micro-ct approaches, expanding the available data on cingulate osteoderm microstructure. seven osteoderms of r. yanei were used for the internal microstructure description and eight of dasypus novemcinctus for comparison. the osteoderms of riostegotherium yanei lacks th ... | 2019 | 31482940 |
| lepvax, a defined subunit vaccine that provides effective pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis of m. leprae infection. | sustained elimination of leprosy as a global health concern likely requires a vaccine. the current standard, bcg, confers only partial protection and precipitates paucibacillary (pb) disease in some instances. when injected into mice with the t helper 1 (th1)-biasing adjuvant formulation glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant in stable emulsion (gla-se), a cocktail of three prioritized antigens (ml2055, ml2380 and ml2028) reduced m. leprae infection levels. recognition and protective efficacy of a single ... | 2018 | 29619252 |
| atlantic mammals: a data set of assemblages of medium- and large-sized mammals of the atlantic forest of south america. | biodiversity inventories contain important information about species richness, community structure, and composition, and are the first step in developing any conservation and mitigation strategies. the atlantic forest of south america is home to around 334 species of small-, medium-, and large-sized mammals, and is currently restricted to less than 12% of its original cover. here, we present the atlantic mammals, an open data set on information on medium- and large-sized mammal assemblages in th ... | 2019 | 31180132 |
| anatomical description of the aortic arch of a rare species "the giant armadillo" (priodontes maximus; kerr, 1792). | the giant armadillo (priodontes maximus) is found in diverse habitats from south america. a female adult giant armadillo with a body mass of 45 kg was used. the animal was a victim of trampling on highway ac-40, at 70 km, near the municipality of capixaba-acre and the corpse donated to the animal anatomy laboratory at federal university of acre (ufac). the arterial system was filled with natural latex via the thoracic aorta in a direction opposite the blood flow to facilitate the description of ... | 2020 | 31063200 |
| ontogenetic changes in the long bone microstructure in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | analysis of ontogenetic changes in long bone microstructure aid in vertebrate life history reconstructions. specifically, osteohistological examination of common fauna can be used to infer growth strategies of biologically uncommon, threatened, or extinct vertebrates. although nine-banded armadillo biology has been studied extensively, work on growth history is limited. here we describe long bone microstructure in tibiae and femora of a limited ontogenetic series of nine- banded armadillos (dasy ... | 2019 | 31022247 |
| macronutrient composition of longitudinal milk samples from captive aardvarks (orycteropus afer). | hand-rearing and assisted-rearing aardvarks in captivity has become commonplace and has led to success in breeding the species. however, the macronutrient content of aardvark milk past 1 month of age is unknown. a better understanding of aardvark milk composition would enhance captive management efforts. here, we assayed milk samples from two captive individuals from 2 to 114 days postpartum (n = 21) for dry matter, fat, crude protein, total sugar, ash (total minerals), calcium (ca), phosphorus ... | 2019 | 31267587 |