| calcium-dependent binding of calmodulin to phospholipase a2 subunits induces enzymatic activation. | calmodulin interacted with phospholipase a2 from two different sources, as established by affinity chromatography, dimethylsuberimidate protein crosslinking, and phospholipase a2 assays. calmodulin was covalently crosslinked to pancreatic and bee venom phospholipases a2 in a calcium-dependent manner, and enhanced the enzymatic activities of these phospholipases. pancreatic phospholipase a2 was separated into two species of identical molecular weight by calmodulin affinity chromatography; the spe ... | 1985 | 3929687 |
| interaction of human plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and venom phospholipase a2 with apolipoprotein a-i recombinants containing nonhydrolyzable diether phosphatidylcholines. | partially reassembled high density lipoproteins (r-hdl) composed of apolipoprotein a-i and nonhydrolyzable analogues of phosphatidylcholine have been prepared, and their physical properties and reactivities as substrates for lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and three phospholipases were tested. the stereo-chemical pairs l-dmpc-ether (1,2-o-ditetradecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine) and d-dmpc-ether (2,3-o-ditetradecyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphoryline) or l-dmpc (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-pho ... | 1985 | 3930483 |
| cell damage by viruses, toxins and complement: common features of pore-formation and its inhibition by ca2+. | haemolytic paramyxoviruses interact with cells in the following way: a potentially leaky viral envelope fuses with the plasma membrane, creating a hydrophilic pore of approximately 1 nm in diameter; this allows ions and low molecular weight compounds, but not proteins, to leak into and out of cells. other viruses act similarly if the ph is reduced to 5. leakage (measured by collapse of membrane potential, by movement of monovalent cations and by loss of phosphorylated intermediates from cells) i ... | 1985 | 3939403 |
| polymerized soluble venom--human serum albumin. | extensive previous studies have demonstrated that attempts to produce polymers of hymenoptera venoms for human immunotherapy resulted in insoluble precipitates that could be injected with safety but with very limited immunogenicity in allergic patients. we now report soluble polymers prepared by conjugating bee venom with human serum albumin with glutaraldehyde. the bee venom-albumin polymer (bvap) preparation was fractionated on sephacryl s-300 to have a molecular weight range higher than catal ... | 1985 | 3973313 |
| new allozyme variability in italian honey bees. | adult workers of the honey bee, apis mellifera ligustica, from italy were assayed for enzyme polymorphism using a variety of electrophoretic conditions. three polymorphic enzyme systems are described, two of which, malic enzyme and an esterase, were previously unknown in indigenous a. m. ligustica. in addition, a new allozyme for the mdh locus is reported. | 1985 | 3980973 |
| allergens in hymenoptera venom xiii: isolation and purification of protein components from three species of vespid venoms. | pure venoms were collected from individual insects of the species dolichovespula maculata, white-faced hornet, vespula squamosa, southern yellow jacket, and polistes exclamans, paper wasp (one species). the venoms were first fractionated by high-resolution gel filtration on a 1.6 m column of sephadex g-75 superfine, and the components were then purified by high-performance, ion-exchange chromatography on a mono-s cation exchange column followed by a further gel filtration step. the isolated comp ... | 1985 | 3989145 |
| lipophorin of the larval honeybee, apis mellifera l. | most insects have a major lipoprotein species in the blood (hemolymph) that serves to transport fat from the midgut to the storage depots in fat body cells and from the fat body to peripheral tissues. the generic name lipophorin is used for this lipoprotein. in larvae of the honeybee, apis mellifera, a lipophorin has been found with properties that correlate well with those of the only other lipophorin reported for an immature insect, that of the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. the honeybee lip ... | 1985 | 3989383 |
| isotypic and idiotypic characterization of anti-bee venom phospholipase a2 antibodies. | it was shown that anti-bee venom phospholipase a2 antibodies (anti-pla) of bee keepers belong mainly to the igg4 class. furthermore anti-pla of different individuals are idiotypically related to each other. this was shown by the binding of heterologous antiidiotypic antibodies, produced against anti-pla igg from single donors, to anti-pla f(ab')2 of different individuals. therefore, the anti-pla response provides a human model to study the idiotypic regulation of isotypes in a defined system. | 1985 | 4008074 |
| inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis by the mast-cell-degranulating agent compound 48/80 but not by the mast-cell-degranulating peptide (peptide-401) from bee venom. | | 1985 | 4015681 |
| in vivo externalization of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in the membrane bilayer and hypercoagulability by the lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes in rats. | phospholipid distribution across erythrocyte membrane bilayer is asymmetrical. in normal erythrocytes, entire phosphatidylserine (ps) and most of the phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) is present on the cytoplasmic side of membrane bilayer, whereas phosphatidylcholine (pc) and sphingomyelin (sm) are predominantly present at the outer side of membrane bilayer. the present study was undertaken to determine whether membrane lipid peroxidation has any effect on the distribution of ps, pe, and pc across e ... | 1985 | 4019780 |
| activation, aggregation, and product inhibition of cobra venom phospholipase a2 and comparison with other phospholipases. | the kinetics of phospholipid hydrolysis by cobra venom phospholipase a2 were examined and compared to those of phospholipase a2 from porcine pancreas, crotalus adamanteus (rattlesnake) venom, and bee venom. only the enzyme from naja naja naja (cobra) venom was found to be activated significantly by phosphorylcholine-containing compounds when hydrolyzing phosphatidylethanolamine. the cobra venom enzyme was also the only one in which these activators induced protein aggregation. the parallel speci ... | 1985 | 4030786 |
| bioenergetic actions of beta-bungarotoxin, dendrotoxin and bee-venom phospholipase a2 on guinea-pig synaptosomes. | low concentrations of beta-bungarotoxin or bee-venom phospholipase a2 cause a progressive ca2+-dependent increase in the proton permeability of the mitochondria within the synaptosomal cytosol, manifested as an increase in oligomycin-insensitive respiration and a partial depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. this uncoupling appears to be a consequence of fatty acids liberated by phospholipase a2 activity at the plasma membrane, since it can be mimicked by the addition of oleate ... | 1985 | 4052016 |
| effect of hydrogen peroxide exposure on normal human erythrocyte deformability, morphology, surface characteristics, and spectrin-hemoglobin cross-linking. | to further define the conditions for forming spectrin-hemoglobin cross-linking in human erythrocyte membranes and to examine its possible effects on membrane function, we incubated normal human erythrocytes for up to 3 h in concentrations of h2o2, varying from 45 to 180 microm, in an azide phosphate buffer, ph 7.4. the chemical changes observed indicated that methemoglobin formation occurred early and at a low concentration (45 microm). morphologic changes characterized by increased echinocyte f ... | 1985 | 4056060 |
| high affinity receptors for the bee venom mcd peptide. quantitative autoradiographic localization at different stages of brain development and relationship with mcd neurotoxicity. | high densities of mcd receptors were found in the stratum radiatum of ammon's horn, the neocortex, the molecular layer of the cerebellum, colliculi and pons. conversely areas such as the stratum lacunosum moleculare of ammon's horn contained only low levels of mcd binding sites. the density of mcd receptors is low during the perinatal period and increases rapidly by postnatal day 10 with a decrease of the receptor affinity for mcd. the adult distribution of mcd receptors was reached at postnatal ... | 1988 | 3370474 |
| melittin lysis of red cells. | this paper describes experiments designed to explore interactions between human red blood cell membranes and melittin, the main component of bee venom. we found that melittin binds to human red cell membranes suspended in isotonic nacl at room temperature, with an apparent dissociation constant of 3 x 10(-8) m and maximum binding capacity of 1.8 x 10(7) molecules/cell. when about 1% of the melittin binding sites are occupied, cell lysis can be observed, and progressive, further increases in the ... | 1985 | 4057243 |
| [inhibition of phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase a2 in microsomal and mitochondrial membranes subjected to lipid peroxidation]. | the rate of phospholipid hydrolysis in rat liver microsomal and mitochondrial membranes catalyzed by phospholipase a2 was shown to decrease after ascorbate + fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation. the degree of inhibition was linearly dependent on the amount of lipid peroxidation products (malonyl dialdehyde) accumulated in the membrane. the decreased phospholipid hydrolysis rate in membranes after lipid peroxidation was registered using phospholipases a2 from two sources: porcine pancreas and bee ven ... | 1985 | 3971034 |
| does diamide treatment of intact human erythrocytes cause a loss of phospholipid asymmetry? | diamide-treated human erythrocytes have been compared with native red cells as to the accessibility of their amino phospholipids to both phospholipase a2 hydrolysis and fluorescamine labeling. in agreement with observations by others (haest, c.w.m., plasa, g., kamp, d. and deuticke, b. (1978) biochim. biophys. acta 509, 21-32), treatment of intact human erythrocytes with diamide resulted in considerably enhanced degradation of amino phospholipids upon subsequent incubation of the cells with bee ... | 1986 | 3964704 |
| the use of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in sheep receiving severe smoke inhalation injury. | smoke inhalation injury now represents the most frequent cause of death in burn patients, and accounts for 20-80 per cent of overall mortality. we have studied the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) to support sheep which have received lethal pulmonary smoke damage. the animals (n = 19) received inhalation injury induced by insufflation with smoke derived from burning cotton delivered with a bee smoker. the treatment group, those placed on ecmo at the time of injury (n=6), were sy ... | 1987 | 3828855 |
| x-ray crystallographic and chromatographic characterization of the crystals of ca2+-calmodulin complexed with bee venom melittin. | crystals of calmodulin complexed with both ca2+ and melittin, a peptide from bee venom, have been grown from 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution by using the hanging drop method of vapour diffusion. the crystals belong to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 97.3(9) a, b = 56.5(0) a, c = 33.4(9) a and z = 4. analyses of the dissolved crystals by high performance liquid chromatography show that the crystals contain a 1:1 complex of calmodulin and melittin. an asymmetric unit contains one such complex ... | 1985 | 4093983 |
| histamine release by mcdp (401), a peptide from the venom of the honey bee. | | 1973 | 4126255 |
| anti-inflammatory property of 401 (mcd-peptide), a peptide from the venom of the bee apis mellifera (l.). | 1 peptide 401, a potent mast cell degranulating factor from bee venom, substantially inhibited the oedema provoked by subplantar injection of carrageenin or intra-articular injection of turpentine in the rat. the ed(50) of 401 was c. 0.1 mg/kg. the anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by measurement of the increased (125)i-albumin content of an injected site in comparison with an uninjected contralateral site.2 peptide 401 also suppressed the increased vascular permeability due to intradermal i ... | 1974 | 4152780 |
| beta adrenergic and anti-arrhythmic effects of cardiopep, a newly isolated substance from whole bee venom. | | 1974 | 4152790 |
| histamine release from rat mast cells induced by a mast cell degranulating fraction in bee venom. | | 1967 | 4166435 |
| characteristics of the cytotoxic effects of the phenothiazine class of calmodulin antagonists. | we have characterized the antiproliferative effects of the phenothiazines, a group of antipsychotic drugs possessing a wide range of pharmacological actions. the phenothiazines inhibited both the proliferation and clonogenicity of l1210 leukemic lymphocytes. this effect was dependent on both time of exposure and concentration of drug. clonogenicity of cells in the logarithmic phase of growth was inhibited by greater than 99% at a concentration of drug that had no effect on cells in the plateau p ... | 1985 | 4062971 |
| the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on plasma potassium concentration in anaesthetized guinea-pigs, rabbits and rats. | an intravenous k+-sensitive electrode has been used to monitor plasma [k+] changes induced by alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor agonists in anaesthetized guinea-pigs, rabbits and rats. the effects of phentolamine and propranolol on these responses were studied. in the guinea-pig both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor agonists produced a biphasic response consisting of an initial rapid increase in [k+] which was followed, within 1 min, by a fall below baseline. the antagonist studies indicated that in this ... | 1985 | 4075019 |
| histamine release from lung tissue of rat induced by bee venom fractions and compound 48-80. | | 1968 | 4175461 |
| release of histamine and formation of smooth-muscle stimulating principles in guinea-pig lung tissue induced by antigen and bee venom phosphatidase a. | | 1969 | 4186573 |
| [preindustrial man in earth's ecosystems]. | preindustrial man influenced and changed the earth's ecosystems decisively. the disappearance of large animals from all continents (eurasia, e.g., mammoth; america, e.g., the giant sloths and the giant armadillo) after the pleistocene was most probably due to a large extent to the early hunters and collectors. corn-growing and breeding of domestic animals led to the disappearance of their wild forms (e.g., the wild form of today's old world camel is unknown) and the cultivation of huge monocultu ... | 1985 | 4088316 |
| effect of the bee venom and melittin on plasma cortisol in the unanesthetized monkey. | | 1972 | 4198739 |
| histamine release from rat mast cell granules induced by bee venom fractions. | | 1967 | 4172487 |
| studies on morphological changes and histamine release induced by bee venom, n-decylamine and hypotonic solutions in rat peritoneal mast cells. | | 1967 | 4172483 |
| mcl-peptide, a selectively mastocytolytic factor isolated from bee venom. | | 1968 | 4239165 |
| comparative structural properties of honeybee and rabbit alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases. | | 1969 | 4307630 |
| unusual kinetic transition in honeybee glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase. | | 1970 | 4321369 |
| enzyme activity in cryobiological systems. 3. low-temperature properties of honeybee glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase. | | 1971 | 4333362 |
| the activities of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and fructose diphosphatase in muscles from vertebrates and invertebrates. | 1. the activities of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and fructose diphosphatase in crude homogenates of vertebrate and invertebrate muscles are reported. 2. pyruvate carboxylase activity was present in all insect flight muscles that were investigated: in homogenates of bumble-bee flight muscle the activity was inhibited by adp and activated by acetyl-coa, and it was distributed mainly in the mitochondrial fraction. this is the first demonstration of pyruvate carboxylase act ... | 1972 | 4354325 |
| changes in sulfhydryl groups of honeybee glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase associated with generation of the intermediate plateau in its saturation kinetics. | | 1974 | 4358941 |
| [on the biological activity of the bee venom melittin]. | | 1969 | 4388835 |
| [mcd-peptide from bee venom: isolation, biochemical and pharmacolgical properties]. | | 1968 | 4235474 |
| structural and respiratory effects of melittin (apis mellifera) on rat liver mitochondria. | | 1974 | 4439416 |
| [action of bee venom on the development of monkey kidney epithelial cell cultures]. | | 1966 | 4225191 |
| studies on the histamine releasing effect of bee venom fractions and compound 48-80 on skin and lung tissue of the rat. | | 1969 | 4186932 |
| [prevention of radiation injuries by the immediate bee-sting method]. | | 1974 | 4425324 |
| letter: an anti-inflammatory peptide from bee venom. | | 1973 | 4582672 |
| microspectrophotometry of arthropod visual screening pigments. | absorption spectra of visual screening pigments obtained in vitro with a microspectrophotometer using frozen sections are given for the insects musca domestica, phormia regina, libellula luctuosa, apis mellifera (worker honeybee only), drosophila melanogaster (wild type only) and the arachnids lycosa baltimoriana and lycosa miami. the spectral range covered is 260-700 nm for lycosa and drosophila and 310-700 nm for the remainder of the arthropods. a complete description of the instrumentation is ... | 1972 | 4623852 |
| anaphylactogenic properties of bee venom and its fractions. | | 1974 | 4460289 |
| influence of bee venom in the adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model. | | 1972 | 4538551 |
| immunofluorescent localization of two dehydrogenases in honeybee flight muscle. | | 1972 | 4555670 |
| apamin from bee venom: effects of the neurotoxin on cultures of the embryonic mouse cortex. | | 1973 | 4748988 |
| effect of bee venom on experimental arthritis. | | 1973 | 4751783 |
| [age-related susceptibility of bee larvae to b. larvae]. | | 1973 | 4792311 |
| [therapeutic properties of bee venom]. | | 1974 | 4826387 |
| the influence of pollen on the susceptibility of honey-bee larvae to bacillus larvae. | | 1974 | 4833177 |
| antibacterial action of melittin, a polypeptide from bee venom. | | 1968 | 4870538 |
| fluorescent antibody studies in three patients dying from honey bee sting. | | 1971 | 4929466 |
| [contribution to the septicemia problem of the honey-bee (apis mellifica)]. | | 1966 | 4958414 |
| separation and isolation of the hyaluronidase and phospholipase components of bee-venom and investigation of bee-venom-human serum interactions. | | 1966 | 4960297 |
| [the effect of x-ray irradiation on the phagocytosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis of the avian type. (an experimental study using the model of the bee moth larva)]. | | 1968 | 4971002 |
| [adjuvant effect of bee glue in vaccine against parathyphoid in calves]. | | 1969 | 4984149 |
| [insects (hymenoptera) allergy. 2. common antigenicity of bee antigen]. | | 1970 | 4988969 |
| [insects (hymenoptera) allergy. 3. immunological evaluation on antigenic substance in the bee]. | | 1970 | 4988970 |
| studies of antigenic fractions in honey-bee (apis mellifera) venom. | | 1971 | 4997190 |
| the effect of the venom of the honey bee, apis mellifera l., on the adrenocortical response of the adult male rat. | | 1972 | 5015541 |
| the molecular weights of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenases from rabbit, honeybee and bumblebee muscle. | | 1972 | 4659577 |
| effects of whole bee venom and its fractions (apamin and melittin) on plasma cortisol levels in the dog. | | 1972 | 5070576 |
| some effects of guinea pig serum and heparin on hemolysis induced by naja naja, agkistrodon piscivorus and apis mellifera venom. | | 1972 | 5070580 |
| the effect of bee venom on serum corticosterone levels and adrenal mitochondrial cytochrome p-450 in intact and hypophysectomized rats. | | 1973 | 4725553 |
| anti-inflammatory property of 401, a peptide from the venom of the bee (apis mellifica l). | | 1972 | 4656623 |
| antibacterial action of a bee venom fraction (melittin) against a penicillin-resistant staphylococcus and other microorganisms. usnrdl-tr-67-101. | | 1967 | 5300771 |
| [cultivation of nosema apis zander, 1909 in a culture of honey-bee tissue]. | | 1972 | 5085911 |
| glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase variants in phyletically diverse organisms. | electrophoretically distinct forms of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (tdh) have been detected in turtle, perch, trout, spinach, and yeast. multiple forms were not detected in rat, rabbit, chicken, frog, honey bee, euglena, or escherichia coli. the combination of two different subunits into tetramers is a probable explanation for the five-membered sets usually detected in extracts exhibiting tdh multiplicity. | 1967 | 5341534 |
| flagellar bundles of the honeybee pathogen, bacillus larvae; their occurrence, size, and development in vivo and in vitro. | | 1970 | 5423288 |
| complex formation between bee venom melittin and extract of mouse skin detected by sephadex gel filtration. | | 1972 | 5020344 |
| [action of bee venom on fixed rabies virus]. | | 1967 | 5605450 |
| analysis of dna in mason bee sperm (hymenoptera: megachilidae). | | 1971 | 5126210 |
| the influence of bee venom on the osmotic fragility of human red blood cells. | | 1968 | 5690804 |
| immune and nonimmune gel precipitates produced by honey bee venom and its components. | | 1974 | 4216035 |
| an unusual type of streptococcus pluton from the eastern hive bee. | | 1974 | 4825260 |
| comparison of hemorrhagic factors of the venoms of naja naja, agkistrodon piscivorus and apis mellifera. | | 1970 | 5315472 |
| total hemocyte counts of honey bee larvae (apis mellifera l.) from various elevations. | | 1970 | 5483357 |
| chromatographic fractions of bee venom: cytotoxicity for mouse bone marrow stem cells. | | 1969 | 5824335 |
| effect of the venom of the bee apis mellifera on osmotic fragility of cattle rbc. | | 1968 | 5640300 |
| the molecular weights of glycerol-3-p dehydrogenases from chicken, rabbit, and honey bee. | | 1971 | 5165521 |
| biochemical polymorphisms in bees (apis mellifera ligustica). | | 1969 | 5791728 |
| susceptibility of the honey bee, apis mellifera linnaeus, infested with acarapis woodi (rennie) to infection by airborne pathogens. | | 1965 | 5827551 |
| mortality of the honey bee, apis mellifera, in colonies treated with certain biological insecticides. | | 1966 | 5939385 |
| on the response of rat liver mitochondria to treatment with bee venom. | | 1966 | 5963809 |
| chronic bee paralysis virus in the nerve ganglia of the adult honey bee. | | 1965 | 5827553 |
| [effect of bee royal jelly (gelée royale) and of heparin on experimental atherosclerosis of rabbits]. | | 1965 | 5875417 |
| hyaluronidase polymorphism detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. application to hyaluronidases from bacteria, slime molds, bee and snake venoms, bovine testes, rat liver lysosomes, and human serum. | a gel electrophoretic technique which allows detection of hyaluronidase activity in the gel has been devised. the principle is that the high-molecular-weight substrate, hyaluronic acid, is included in the gel, where it cannot move in the electrical field. after the run, the gel is incubated under conditions allowing the enzyme to degrade the substrate. upon staining with "stains-all" dye (eastman kodak co., 2718), zones of hyaluronidase activity appear as pink bands in a blue background. the sen ... | 1984 | 6084966 |
| spiroplasmas of group i: the spiroplasma citri cluster. | we propose that group i spiroplasmas be subdivided into seven, rather than four, subgroups. the seven subgroups showed remarkable homogeneity when several representative strains were compared. hybridization reactions between dnas of representative strains within subgroups were generally at least 90 percent, and usually at least 80 percent co-migrating cell proteins were found. in addition, when plasmid dna was excluded, profiles of restricted dna among strains within subgroups were very similar. ... | 1983 | 6089454 |
| neurotensin receptors on the ileum of the guinea-pig: evidence for the coexistence of inhibitory and excitatory receptors. | neurotensin caused a complex muscular response of the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparation of guinea-pig ileum: picomoles of neurotensin produced inhibition while larger concentrations caused an inhibitory effect followed by a delayed dose-dependent contraction. the inhibitory phase of the neurotensin-induced muscular activity was not modified by tetrodotoxin but was potently antagonized in a non-competitive manner by apamin, a bee venom toxin. the contractile component was blocked b ... | 1984 | 6090161 |
| [interaction of tertiapin, a neurotoxin from bee venom, with calmodulin]. | tertiapin, a neurotoxin from the honey bee venom, interacts specifically with calmodulin in the presence of ca2+. the nature of this interaction was studied using calmodulin-camp phosphodiesterase system. tertiapin does not affect the unstimulated basal activity of phosphodiesterase. however, it totally inhibits the enzyme-activating capacity of calmodulin. analysis of the dose-dependent activation of phosphodiesterase by calmodulin in the presence of tertiapin indicated that inhibition is cause ... | 1983 | 6091685 |
| the presence in pig brain of an endogenous equivalent of apamin, the bee venom peptide that specifically blocks ca2+-dependent k+ channels. | an apamin-like factor has been isolated from pig brain after extraction of the tissue and purification on sulfopropyl-sephadex c-25 and on reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. the apamin-like factor has the following properties: (i) it prevents 125i-labeled apamin binding to its specific receptor site present on rat brain synaptosomes, (ii) it is active in the radioimmunoassay for apamin (i.e., it prevents 125i-labeled apamin precipitation by anti-apamin antibodies), (iii) it indu ... | 1984 | 6095277 |
| research in the field of antiviral chemotherapy performed in the "stefan s. nicolau" institute of virology. | a brief review is made of the research in the field of antiviral chemotherapy performed in the "stefan s. nicolau" institute of virology during the 35 years since its foundation. the investigations have mainly focused on influenza and herpes virus, but the chemotherapy of other viral infections (mumps, vaccinia, coxsackie, etc.) has also been approached. most of the chemotherapy agents assayed have been represented by natural preparations: immunoglobulins, interferon, hormones, vitamins, plant e ... | 1984 | 6097022 |
| bee venom inhibits superoxide production by human neutrophils. | investigation of the antiinflammatory properties of bee venom demonstrates that it inhibits production of superoxide anion by human neutrophils in a potent, selective, nontoxic, dose-dependent fashion, both pre- and poststimulation by particulate and soluble activators of the neutrophil oxidative metabolism burst. the effect is not due to receptor competition, superoxide dismutase, and/or catalase activity, scavenging, or indicator media effects. these findings may explain the antiinflammatory e ... | 1984 | 6097547 |
| apamin: a specific toxin to study a class of ca2+-dependent k+ channels. | apamin is a bee venom neurotoxin of 18 amino-acids containing two disulfide bridges. current clamp and voltage clamp experiments have shown that externally applied apamin blocks specifically at low concentration (0.1 microm) the ca2+-dependent slow k+ conductance which mediates the long-lasting after-hyperpolarization in neuroblastoma cells and rat muscle cells in culture. the apamin-sensitive ca2+-dependent slow k+ conductance is voltage-dependent and tetraethylammonium (tea) insensitive. it is ... | 1984 | 6099412 |
| mechanisms of cyclic amp phosphodiesterase regulation. | the mechanisms of regulation of cyclic amp phosphodiesterases were studied using the cytoplasmic fraction of pc-12 cells sensitive to the action of nerve growth factor. the cells contain phosphodiesterases of two types. one of them possesses a high affinity for cyclic amp (km = 2.46 mm), whereas the other has the affinity by an order worse (km = 37.1 mm). pc-12 cell differentiation under the action of nerve growth factor is connected with the cyclic nucleotide elevation; however, activities of b ... | 1983 | 6100586 |
| bee venom enhances guanylate cyclase activity. | bee venom and phospholipase a2 extracted from bee venom enhanced guanylate cyclase (e.c. 4.6.1.2) activity two- to threefold in rat liver, lung, heart, kidney, ileum, and cerebellum. dose-response relationships revealed that bee venom at concentrations as low as 1 microgram per milliliter and phospholipase a2 at 1 microunit per milliliter caused a maximal enhancement of guanylate cyclase. | 1981 | 6113689 |
| interactions between initiating chemical carcinogens, tumor promoters, and adenovirus in cell transformation. | cell culture systems that respond to the combined action of initiating chemical carcinogens, tumor promoters, and transforming viruses represent useful model systems for studying the complex multifactor nature of the carcinogenic process. we have utilized both secondary rat embryo (2 degrees re) and a clonal population of established fischer rat embryo (cref) cells to study the effect of multiple agents on the process of adenovirus transformation. in the present review we summarize our investiga ... | 1980 | 6119815 |