| the expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mosquitoes and mosquito cells using a packaged sindbis replicon system. | sindbis (sin) replicon virus was used to express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) in aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells and aedes triseriatus mosquitoes. rna transcribed in vitro from a sin replicon plasmid (psinrep5/cat) and from sin virus helper constructs (pdh-eb or pdh(26s)5'sin) was coelectroporated into bhk-21 cells to generate replicon viruses, designated rep5/cat/eb and rep5/cat/26s. c6/36 cells infected with rep5/cat/eb or rep5/cat/26s virus at a multiplicity of infection of 3, expre ... | 1995 | 7498436 |
| an integrated target sequence and signal amplification assay, reverse transcriptase-pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, to detect and characterize flaviviruses. | we previously described a reverse transcriptase-pcr using flavivirus genus-conserved and virus species-specific amplimers (d. w. trent and g. j. chang, p. 355-371, in y. becker and c. darai; ed., frontiers of virology, vol. 1, 1992). target amplification was improved by redesigning the amplimers, and a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique has been developed to detect amplified digoxigenin (dig)-modified dna. a single biotin motif and multiple dig motifs were incorporated ... | 1994 | 7512096 |
| control of aedes albopictus larvae using time-release larvicide formulations in louisiana. | the ability of time-release formulations of larvicides and insect growth regulators (igrs) to provide long-term control of aedes albopictus was investigated in the field. larvicides used in the study were bactimos pellets (bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, active ingredient) and abate pellets (temephos, active ingredient). the igr altosid (methoprene, active ingredient) was used in pellet and sand formulations. application rates were higher than label recommendations. in a preliminary tes ... | 1994 | 7516963 |
| requirement for the g1 protein of california encephalitis virus in infection in vitro and in vivo. | a role for the large glycoprotein (g1) of california encephalitis (ce) virus was examined in the infection of baby hamster kidney (bhk-21) and aedes albopictus (c6/36) cell lines and the mosquito ae. dorsalis using g1 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and selective protein cleavage. five mabs neutralized ce viral infectivity in both cell lines. one mab, 7d4.5, efficiently neutralized the peroral infection of ae. dorsalis females fed ce virus in artificial bloodmeals. to determine if mabs to g1 neutra ... | 1995 | 7531919 |
| serum concentration and increased temperature alter mayaro virus rna and protein synthesis in aedes albopictus (mosquito)-infected cells. | we have previously shown the inhibition of mayaro virus multiplication in aedes albopictus-infected cells maintained at a supraoptimal temperature for growth (37 degrees c) and a stimulation of virus production in response to high serum concentrations in the incubation medium. in the present study, we addressed the question of how the effect of continuous heat stress and high serum concentration soon after infection interfere with virus macromolecule synthesis. cells maintained at 28 degrees c i ... | 1995 | 7581023 |
| prostaglandin a1 inhibits replication of mayaro virus in aedes albopictus cells. | prostaglandin a1 (pga1) reduced mayaro virus replication in aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells in culture. the highest nontoxic dose of pga1, 7.5 microm, decreased virus production by 90%. in mayaro virus-infected cells, pga1 inhibited virus-specific protein synthesis. however, in mock-infected cells the presence of pga1 stimulated the synthesis of several proteins with molecular masses of 70, 57 and 23 kda, respectively. the data obtained from this study show that pga1 plays a role in the metabo ... | 1995 | 7581025 |
| isolation of potosi virus from aedes albopictus in north carolina. | a total of 4,169 adult mosquitoes were aspirated from 3 tire disposal sites in north carolina for virus assays. aedes albopictus was the dominant species, with a relative abundance of approximately 99%. potosi virus was isolated from one pool of 68 female ae. albopictus. priorities for future potosi virus research and the implications of the north carolina isolate are discussed. | 1995 | 7595449 |
| aedes albopictus and other aedes (stegomyia) species in fiji. | during an assessment of the dengue situation in fiji in early 1992, a house-to-house survey of container-breeding aedes was made. discarded tires and water drums were identified as key breeding sites for the 4 potential dengue vectors: aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, aedes pseudoscutellaris, and aedes polynesiensis. aedes albopictus were detected on viti levu, vanua levu, and on taveuni. examination of early records and of used tire importation suggests entry into fiji after july 1985 but well ... | 1995 | 7595450 |
| distribution of aedes albopictus in georgia, usa. | a statewide survey was conducted for aedes albopictus in georgia during the summers of 1991-94. all 159 counties in georgia were determined to be infested. aedes albopictus was widely distributed throughout all ecological regions in the survey area. | 1995 | 7595452 |
| influence of body size and age of aedes albopictus on human host attack rates and the repellency of deet. | human host attack rates and the repellency of deet (25% in ethanol) to nulliparous aedes albopictus in the laboratory were significantly influenced (p = 0.05) by mosquito age and body size and by the interaction of age and body size. host attack rates were higher for 20-day- (24.5%) and 15-day-old females (22.9%) than for 10- (15.1%) and 5-day-old females (11.0%), regardless of body size, and for large females (22.2%) compared with small females (16.6%), regardless of mosquito age. deet on human ... | 1995 | 7616190 |
| field evaluation of alphacypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin against aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in malaysia. | alphacypermethrin (fendona) and lambda-cyhalothrin (icon) were evaluated against sentinel bloodfed adults and 4th-instar larvae of aedes aegypti in a housing estate in malaysia. the impact of both pyrethroids on field populations of ae. aegypti and aedes albopictus were monitored weekly using oviposition trap samples. both alphacypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin showed adulticidal and larvicidal effects. | 1995 | 7616191 |
| comparative toxicity of selected larvicides and insect growth regulators to a florida laboratory population of aedes albopictus. | five organophosphates (ops) (chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos methyl, fenthion, malathion, and temephos), 3 pyrethroids (bifenthrin, cypermethrin, and permethrin), and 2 microbial pesticides (bacillus thuringiensis serovar.israelensis [b.t.i.] and bacillus sphaericus) were tested as larvicides against a florida aedes albopictus population colonized in the laboratory. in addition, 3 insect growth regulators (igrs) (diflubenzuron, methoprene, and pyriproxyfen) were evaluated. all ops, except for malathi ... | 1995 | 7616194 |
| isolation of japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes collected in sabak bernam, selangor, malaysia in 1992. | detection and isolation of japanese encephalitis (je) virus were attempted from female mosquitoes collected in kampong pasir panjang, sabak bernam, selangor, from may to november 1992. a total of 7,400 mosquitoes consisting of 12 species in 148 pools were processed and inoculated into aedes albopictus clone c6/36 cell cultures. of these, 26 pools showed the presence of viral antigens in the infected c6/36 cells by specific immunoperoxidase staining using an anti-je virus polyclonal antibody. pre ... | 1995 | 7616198 |
| [aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera, culicidae) in eastern veneto]. | a survey was carried out in autumn 1992 and spring-autumn 1993 to study the seasonal distribution and the dispersal of aedes albopictus (skuse) in portogruaro (province of venice; north-eastern italy). larvae and pupae were found from may through september; the larvae hatching from eggs after the end of september seemed unable to complete development. the adults bit until october. the mosquito spread in new areas of portogruaro town, even after insecticidal treatments. private areas seemed to pl ... | 1994 | 7638001 |
| replication and tissue tropism of the alphavirus sindbis in the mosquito aedes albopictus. | we have examined the replication and tissue distribution of the alphavirus sindbis in the mosquito aedes albopictus. parenteral inoculation of virus resulted in an acute infection accompanied by rapid virus replication and a persistent infection, during which total virus production was reduced. acute and persistent phase virus rna synthesis, virus production, and organ-specific distribution of infection were determined over an 18-day incubation period. organs were classified as refractory (ovari ... | 1995 | 7676618 |
| detection of dengue virus antigens in cultured cells by using protein a-gold-silver staining (pags) method. | a protein a-gold-silver (pags) staining was developed to detect dengue virus antigens in cultured cells. the method can be carried out in either newly-subcultured or monolayered cells. dengue virus-inoculated c6/36 clone of aedes albopictus cells and human endothelial cells appeared brown-yellowish color on the peripheral membrane of the infected cells. in many cases, the infected c6/36 cells appeared darker than that of the infected endothelial cells. the positive results from the inoculated c6 ... | 1993 | 7689138 |
| complete base sequence for the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal rna of the gypsy moth lymantria dispar (l.). | a 1355 bp sequence (accession number l32141) isolated from a gypsy moth (lymantria dispar) cdna library showed 68-74% sequence identity to mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal rna (mt irrna) sequences of locusta migratoria, apis mellifera, aedes albopictus, anopheles gambiae and two drosophila species. a comparison of the primary sequences of the mt irrnas from the above insects in four orders and from esherichia coli demonstrated regions of conservation which presumably correspond to regions o ... | 1994 | 7704305 |
| failure of the "mosquito plant", pelargonium x citrosum 'van leenii', to repel adult aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus in florida. | the efficacy of the "mosquito plant", pelargonium x citrosum 'van leenii', as an area-wide repellent against adult host-seeking aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus females was evaluated. no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the number of mosquitoes landing on the forearms of human subjects in locations where plants were present compared with areas without plants. in laboratory cage trials, more cx. quinquefasciatus adults rested on excised leaves of this cultivar compar ... | 1994 | 7707049 |
| vector competence of aedes albopictus from pine bluff, arkansas, for a st. louis encephalitis virus strain isolated during the 1991 epidemic. | the vector competence of aedes albopictus from pine bluff, ar, was assessed for a st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus strain isolated during the 1991 epidemic. aedes albopictus were fed on hamsters with viremia levels of 10(4.6)-10(4.9) vero cell plaque-forming units (pfu)/ml. at 7 and 15 days postbloodfeeding, transmission trials were conducted using individual suckling mice. three of 313 ae. albopictus were determined to be infected with sle virus with titers of 10(6.3)-10(7.0) pfu/mosquito. at ... | 1994 | 7707054 |
| urbanization and its effects on the ecology of mosquitoes in macau, southeast asia. | recent urbanization in macau has resulted in the precipitous decline to zero in populations of several anopheline vectors of malaria while providing optimal habitat for the population increase in culicines. of 18 species of mosquitoes reported in macau in recent years, 15 species are included here. culex quinquefasciatus, culex sitiens, and aedes albopictus were the most abundant species. notes are provided for anopheles sinensis, armigeres magnus, armigeres subalbatus, culex foliatus, culex fus ... | 1994 | 7707061 |
| aedes albopictus in muzquiz city, coahuila, mexico. | aedes albopictus was found in m. muzquiz, coahuila, mexico, in the summer of 1993. aedes albopictus larvae were collected in tires and bottles at low density. aedes aegypti, toxorhynchites theobaldi, culex quinquefasciatus, and culiseta incidens were collected in the same containers. | 1994 | 7707068 |
| source and spread of aedes albopictus in the veneto region of italy. | colonies of aedes albopictus were discovered at the end of the summer of 1991 in the veneto region of italy. to locate the source of the infestation, a detailed investigation was carried out among companies dealing in the production of recapped tires. because most of the tires had been imported from the usa, it was surmised that this could have been one source of the infestation. this hypothesis was confirmed in the summer of 1992 following an inspection of a load of used tires from atlanta, geo ... | 1994 | 7707070 |
| [aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti at ile de la réunion]. | aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti are both found on the island. the former, being the probable vector of dengue on the island, is highly anthropophilic. it breeds in domestic environments as well as in natural breeding sites. the latter has a more restricted distribution and is never anthropophilic. larvae of ae. aegypti are only found in natural habitats, always associated with ae. albopictus, but in small proportions. such an ecology and behaviour for the typicus form of ae. aegypti are abnor ... | 1994 | 7726666 |
| breeding of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in urban housing of sibu town, sarawak. | an aedes survey using various larval survey methods was conducted in 12 urban housing areas and 29 vacant lands in sibu town proper. aedes albopictus larvae were found in all areas surveyed while aedes aegypti larvae were present in 10 localities and 4 vacant lands. there were no significant difference in the house index, breteau and larval density index of these two aedes (stegomyia) species from the survey areas. the proportion of containers positive with ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus in area ... | 1994 | 7777923 |
| a small scale field trial with expanded polystyrene beads for mosquito control in septic tanks. | a field trial of the use of expanded polystyrene beads (epsb) to control the breeding of mosquito larvae in household septic tanks was conducted in sarawak. one week after treatment, the breeding of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes albopictus was reduced by 100% and 68.7% respectively. for both species combined, a 57.25% reduction in the adult emergence rate was achieved. no adult was caught in the emergence trap one month after treatment. a reduction in mosquito biting rates was reported by 87. ... | 1995 | 7778135 |
| integrated management of waste tire mosquitoes utilizing mesocyclops longisetus (copepoda: cyclopidae), bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, bacillus sphaericus, and methoprene. | this study evaluated the compatibility and efficacy of using a predatory copepod, mesocyclops longisetus in concert with 3 "biorational" compounds for mosquito control in waste tires. the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (b.t.i), bacillus sphaericus, and methoprene to mesocyclops longisetus was assessed in the laboratory using concentrations 10 times the maximum labeled or suggested rate and based on a water depth of 7.6 cm. microbials were tested using mature copepods exposed ... | 1994 | 7807078 |
| blood hosts of aedes albopictus in the united states. | bloodfed aedes albopictus were collected during 1989-91 by vacuum aspirator from rural and urban study sites in missouri, florida, indiana, illinois, and louisiana. blood hosts identified by elisa and precipitin tests were rabbit (n = 91), rattus sp. (n = 69), dog (n = 14), unidentified mammal (n = 14), cow (n = 13), human (n = 10), deer (n = 10), sciurid (n = 7), turtle (n = 5), murid other than rattus sp. (n = 4), raccoon (n = 3), passeriform bird (n = 3), and cat (n = 2). as an opportunistic ... | 1994 | 7807094 |
| field studies on populations of aedes albopictus and toxorhynchites species in bamboo pots in malaysia. | between april 1987 and march 1988, populations of immature aedes albopictus and toxorhynchites spp. in bamboo pots were sampled weekly. populations of ae. albopictus and rainfall varied from month to month. during the heavy rainfall months of september and october 1987, larval counts of ae. albopictus were high, between 30.8 and 49.2 larvae per week compared to 16 larvae per week during the low rainfall month of january 1988. a higher population of toxorhynchites spp. was associated with a low p ... | 1994 | 7807097 |
| dengue vector control: present status and future prospects. | dengue fever (df) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) have been the most common urban diseases in southeast asia since the 1950s. more recently, the diseases have spread to central and south america and are now considered as worldwide diseases. both aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are involved in the transmission of df/dhf in southeast asian region. the paper discusses the present status and future prospects of aedes control with reference to the malaysian experience. vector control approache ... | 1994 | 7844836 |
| control of dengue vectors in singapore. | singapore has a well-established system for the surveillance, research and control of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. control of these vectors comes under the jurisdiction of the environmental public health division of the ministry of the environment. the strategy for aedes control is an integrated approach incorporating case detection, source reduction, health education and law enforcement. this is done through the quarantine & epidemiology department (dengue surveillance and research), vec ... | 1994 | 7844848 |
| use of hexaflumuron, an insect growth regulator in the control of aedes albopictus (skuse). | an attempt was made to assess the control potency of an insect growth regulator (igr), hexaflumuron, against aedes albopictus, a potent dengue vector, both in the laboratory and under field conditions. emergence inhibition activity of this igr against laboratory reared and field collected larvae of ae. albopictus showed ei50 values of 1.9 x 10(-4) and 1.80 x 10(-4) mg(ai)/l respectively. under field conditions, no appreciable reduction in immature density occurred at the lowest application rate ... | 1994 | 7855660 |
| growth-restricted dengue virus mutants containing deletions in the 5' noncoding region of the rna genome. | the dengue type 4 virus (den4) rna genome contains a 101-nt 5' noncoding (nc) sequence which is predicted to form a stable secondary structure. den4 cdna from which infectious rna can be transcribed was used to engineer deletions in the 5' nc region for functional analysis of rna structure and for isolation of den4 mutants that could be evaluated as candidates for use in a live attenuated vaccine. eleven distinct deletions in the region of the den4 genome between nts 18 and 98 were constructed; ... | 1995 | 7871753 |
| subgenomic mrna of aura alphavirus is packaged into virions. | purified virions of aura virus, a south american alphavirus related to sindbis virus, were found to contain two rna species, one of 12 kb and the other of 4.2 kb. northern (rna) blot analysis, primer extension analysis, and limited sequencing showed that the 12-kb rna was the viral genomic rna, whereas the 4.2-kb rna present in virus preparations was identical to the 26s subgenomic rna present in infected cells. the subgenomic rna is the messenger for translation of the viral structural proteins ... | 1994 | 7902874 |
| replacement of the natural wolbachia symbiont of drosophila simulans with a mosquito counterpart. | inherited rickettsial symbionts of the genus wolbachia occur commonly in arthropods and have been implicated in the expression of parthenogenesis, feminization and cytoplasmic incompatibility wolbachia from the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, to replace the natural infection of drosophila simulans by means of embryonic microinjection techniques. the transferred wolbachia infection behaves like a natural drosophila infection with regard to its inheritance, cytoskeleton interactions and ab ... | 1994 | 7906391 |
| phenotypic characteristics of dengue 2 virus persistently infected in a c6/36 clone of aedes albopictus cells. | a c6/36 cell culture persistently infected by dengue 2 virus was established and retained for over 20 weeks. no cpe was observed at any stage of infection. however, some giant cells up to 2- or 3-fold the diameter of normal cells appeared in the established culture. extracellular virus titers fluctuated with a periodic tendency while the antigen level remained constant, suggesting some viral particles evolved into noninfectious defective interfering particles. plaque size tended to change during ... | 1994 | 7928286 |
| a rapid membrane based immunobinding assay for the detection of dengue virus in tissue culture. | a rapid, simple dot immunoassay (dotia) was developed and evaluated for the detection of dengue-1 viral antigen in infected aedes albopictus c6/36 cells. dengue virus infected cells were solubilize in sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) and the lysate was pressure filtered through a hydrophobic polyvinylidene difluoride (pvdf) membrane. viral antigen retained in the membrane was detected by a dengue-1 type specific monoclonal antibody and a peroxidase-labeled second antibody. addition of tetramethylben ... | 1993 | 7939951 |
| structure, restriction map and infectivity of the genomic and replicative forms of aapv dna. | we have characterized the genomic and replicative form (rf) dna of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv), a virus isolated from a chronically infected c6/36 clone of aedes albopictus cell line [22]. the genome of aapv virions is a single-stranded linear dna molecule approximately 4.2 kb in length, essentially (about 90%) encapsidated as minus strand. a restriction map of the rf dna isolated from infected c6/36 cells was established. among the 23 restriction enzymes tested, 14 cleaved the aapv r ... | 1994 | 7944946 |
| densovirus of aedes aegypti as an expression vector in mosquito cells. | we have constructed an infectious dna clone containing the genome of aedes aegypti densovirus (aednv) in a bacterial plasmid. when this clone was transfected into aedes albopictus c6/36 mosquito cells, the aednv genome rescued from the plasmid and replicated as the wild-type virus. to investigate the cloned virus as an expression vector, the reporter gene encoding beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) was inserted into four large open reading frames (orf) observed in the aednv genome. when these recombi ... | 1994 | 7957754 |
| laboratory study of predation by solenopsis invicta (hymenoptera: formicidae) on eggs of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | the red imported fire ant, solenopsis invicta buren, punctured and fed on the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse), eggs in the laboratory. the presence and actions of the ants, especially the minima workers, reduced the hatching of egg populations. | 1994 | 7966185 |
| do ross river and dengue viruses pose a threat to new zealand? | to determine the prevalence of antibodies to ross river and dengue viruses in sera from new zealand residents and travellers and to assess the potential of local mosquitoes to act as vectors of these viruses. | 1994 | 7970354 |
| evaluation of organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides against six vector mosquitoe species. | three organophosphorus compounds- malathion, folithion and temephos- and two synthetic pyrethroids- alphamethrin and deltamethrin- were used for monitoring the susceptibility status of larvae and adults of six vector mosquito species: culex quinquefasciatus (filariasis) and aedes albopictus (dengue) (both laboratory and field strains); laboratory strains of aedes aegypti (dengue), anopheles stephensi and anopheles culicifacies (malaria), and culex tritaeniorhynchus (japanese encephalitis) in ind ... | 1993 | 7997809 |
| japanese aedes albopictus among four mosquito species reaching new zealand in used tires. | since a 1988-89 survey of northern new zealand revealed no additions to the known mosquito fauna, this country's used tire importations have much increased. relevant entomological quarantine was thus monitored in a november 1992-january 1993 auckland project, during which almost 1/3 of 8,549 casings from japan proved wet on inspection. in this study and at 2 south island ports afterwards, 5 vessels from japan and one from australia were found to have brought in mosquito-infested used tires. live ... | 1994 | 8014623 |
| intracellular immunization of mosquito cells to lacrosse virus using a recombinant sindbis virus vector. | a cdna of the small rna genome segment of la crosse (lac) virus was inserted, in an antisense orientation, into a double subgenomic sindbis (dssin) virus expression vector generating pte/3'2j/anti-s (15,000bp). in vitro transcription of the pte/3'2j/anti-s template generated genomic rna that was electrotransfected into bhk-21 cells to produce virus. northern blot analysis of rna isolated from infected aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells showed that the te/3'2j/anti-s virus produced a subgenomic mrna ... | 1994 | 8030366 |
| mosquito ribosomal protein rpl31 resembles rat rpl34: cdna and deduced amino acid sequence. | an aedes albopictus ribosomal protein rpl31 cdna was sequenced, and found to encode a protein with homology to rat rpl34. the 544 bp mosquito cdna contained an atg start site, three in-frame termination codons, and an aataaa polyadenylation signal. mosquito rpl31 had a mass of 15,137 da, a pi of 12.39 and contained 14.5% arg and 14.5% lys. pcr analyses with genomic dna suggested the presence of a large intron near the 5'-end of the gene. | 1994 | 8049275 |
| the envelope glycoproteins of dengue 1 and dengue 2 viruses grown in mosquito cells differ in their utilization of potential glycosylation sites. | we have previously isolated and characterized two dengue (den) 2 viruses mutant in their fusion-from-within (ffwi) phenotype in the insect cell line c6/36. both viruses lost a potential glycosylation site (asn-153) in the envelope (e) glycoprotein. to determine whether the change in ffwi phenotype was due to a change in e-glycoprotein glycosylation, we characterized the patterns of glycosylation on the e-glycoprotein of wild-type den 1 and den 2 viruses. the e-glycoproteins were isolated from pu ... | 1994 | 8053148 |
| [presence of aedes albopictus in liguria]. | further data about the presence of aedes albopictus in the area of genoa are given with some comments concerning the ecology of this oriental mosquito in the town and the dermatological problems it implies. | 1993 | 8065817 |
| absence of fc receptors on aedes albopictus c6/36 cells permissive for dengue virus 2. | | 1993 | 8105669 |
| mayaro virus proteins. | mayaro virus was grown in bhk-21 cells and purified by centrifugation in a potassium-tartrate gradient (5-50%). the electron microscopy analyses of the purified virus showed an homogeneous population of enveloped particles with 69 +/- 2.3 nm in diameter. three structural virus proteins were identified and designated p1, p2 and p3. their average molecular weight were p1, 54 kda; p2, 50 kda and p3, 34 kda. in mayaro virus infected aedes albopictus cells and in bhk-21 infected cells we detected six ... | 1993 | 8107591 |
| isolation of dengue virus type 1 from larvae of aedes albopictus in campos altos city, state of minas gerais, brazil. | | 1993 | 8107613 |
| mosquito large subunit ribosomal rna: simultaneous alignment of primary and secondary structure. | we report the sequence and propose a secondary structure for the cytoplasmic large subunit (5.8s and 28s) ribosomal rna of the mosquito, aedes albopictus, in an aligned format that incorporates secondary structure comparisons with homo sapiens, drosophila melanogaster, and escherichia coli ribosomal rnas. this format facilitates comparison of subtle differences between models, allowing nucleotide by nucleotide analysis at each position of discrepancy. comparison of the a. albopictus large subuni ... | 1994 | 8110829 |
| the expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells and aedes triseriatus mosquitoes using a double subgenomic recombinant sindbis virus. | genomic rna was transcribed in vitro from the double subgenomic recombinant sindbis (sin) virus expression vector, pte/3'2j/cat, and transfected into bhk-21 cells to generate recombinant virus stocks. te/3'2j/cat virus was used to infect c6/36 (aedes albopictus) cells and adult female aedes triseriatus. when c6/36 cells were infected with te/3'2j/cat virus at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of greater than 20, 100% of the cells expressed cat. the number of cat polypeptides expressed per cell a ... | 1994 | 8111422 |
| effects of ivermectin in canine blood on anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes albopictus and culex salinarius. | blood from ivermectin-treated dogs was tested against adult mosquitoes. mosquitoes were allowed to bloodfeed on mixed breed dogs 4 h after dogs were given oral dosages of ivermectin. in test 1, anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes albopictus fed on dogs that had been given ivermectin dosages of 0, 6, 12, and 24 micrograms/kg. in test 2, culex salinarius and ae. albopictus fed on dogs that had been given dosages of 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 micrograms/kg. in both tests, mosquitoes were observed for m ... | 1993 | 8126472 |
| a 55-kda protein induced in aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells by antiviral protein. | we have previously shown that the antiviral protein (avp) produced by sindbis virus-infected aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells (riedel and brown, j. virol. 29, 51-60, 1979) blocks sindbis viral rna synthesis and stimulates its own production when applied to uninfected a. albopictus cells (luo and brown, virology 194, 44-49, 1993). from a virus-sensitive (wild-type) mosquito cell line (u4.4) we produced a virus-resistant cell line (l4.4) by exposing u4.4 cells to the avp. l4.4 cells constitutivel ... | 1994 | 8128621 |
| purification and kinetic mechanism of the glutathione s-transferase from c6/36, an aedes albopictus cell line. | glutathione s-transferase from an aedes albopictus cell line, c6/36, was purified to apparent homogeneity by a single glutathione-sepharose 4b affinity chromatography, with an overall yield of 66% and 226-fold purification. the enzyme is presumably a homodimer with subunit m(r) 23,000, which is similar to the enzyme isolated from other sources. under native conditions, the enzyme exhibited multiple forms upon isoelectric focusing or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and all these forms retaine ... | 1994 | 8161196 |
| secretion of an inducible cecropin-like activity by cultured mosquito cells. | characterization of activities that provide potential targets for genetic manipulation of pathogen development, maintenance, and transmission in transgenic insects has applications to the eventual control of malaria and other arthropod-transmitted diseases. we have identified inducible activities from cultured mosquito (aedes albopictus) cells, including one that shares the antimicrobial properties of cecropins from other insects. the cecropin-like activity can be induced by treatment with heat- ... | 1994 | 8166350 |
| complete nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv) pathogenic for aedes aegypti larvae. | we have cloned the replicative form of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv) genome and determined the complete sequence of the viral strand. the sequence is 4176 nucleotides (nt) in length. the first 134 nt at the 3' end and the terminal 182 nt at the 5' end of the viral (minus) strand can both generate by folding and annealing of complementary sequences a typical terminal t-shaped structure although they differ in their sequence. three large open reading frames (orfs), each one in a different ... | 1994 | 8178459 |
| aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae): a statistical model of the role of temperature, photoperiod, and geography in the induction of egg diapause. | aedes albopictus (skuse) lays eggs refractory to hatching in response to several environmental cues. the goal of this statistical treatment was to quantify the role and interaction of latitude and country of origin (japan and the united states), photoperiod, rearing/holding temperature, and a newly identified element, elevation of the site of origin, with critical photoperiod (cpp). we also describe the development of an equation relating the incidence of diapause to daylength, rearing/holding t ... | 1994 | 8189418 |
| experimental transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus by strains of aedes albopictus and a. taeniorhynchus (diptera: culicidae). | the vector competence of aedes taeniorhynchus (wiedemann) and four strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) was assessed for eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus isolated from ae. albopictus collected in polk county, florida. both species became infected with and transmitted eee virus by bite after feeding on 1-d-old chicks that had been inoculated with eee virus (viremia = 10(10.1) plaque-forming units [pfu] per ml of blood). however, when fed on an older chick with a lower viremia (viremia = 10( ... | 1994 | 8189419 |
| [comparative study of larval and ovitrap efficacy for surveillance of dengue and yellow fever vectors]. | a comparative study of the efficiency of ovitraps and larval-traps was undertaken with a view to improving the entomological survey of vectors of dengue and yellow fever-aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus-in s. paulo state, brazil. the region studied is infected only by aedes albopictus, a species that keeps to wild habitats but colonizes artificial breeding grounds as well. the first part of the study was located in a periurban area of tremembé county were 3 hollon trees, 23 ovitraps and 5 larv ... | 1993 | 8209154 |
| genetic and biological differentiation of dengue 3 isolates obtained from clinical cases in java, indonesia, 1976-1978. | previous epidemiological, virological and clinical studies have documented a series of outbreaks of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome which occurred in java, indonesia in 1976-1978. in the current study we compare growth characteristics in cell culture, and nucleotide sequence data for the viral prm and e genes, of five low passage den-3 isolates obtained during these epidemics from clinically defined cases. all isolates had the same passage history: human sera wer ... | 1993 | 8240004 |
| distributional records for aedes mosquitoes from the u.s. air force ovitrapping program-1992. | during 1992, ovitrapping to sample populations of container-breeding aedes was conducted at 28 u.s. air force installations in north america. aedes albopictus was collected at 19 installations. the collections of ae. albopictus at goodfellow air force base (afb), tx, and moody afb, ga, represent new records for tom green and lowndes counties, respectively. six installations were positive for ae. aegypti; 13 were positive for aedes triseriatus. | 1993 | 8245948 |
| mutations in the nsp1 coding sequence of sindbis virus which restrict viral replication in secondary cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts prepared from aged primary cultures. | svmpa, a mutant of sindbis virus (sv), which is able to replicate in aedes albopictus cells treated with mycophenolic acid (mpa) or ribavirin, also has a host range phenotype. this phenotype is most clearly demonstrated by means of efficiency of plaquing (eop) assays on secondary chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) prepared from aged primary cef. for example, in one experiment in which standard sv (svstd) had a relative eop (eop on primary cef divided by eop on secondary cef) of 1.6 the corresponding ... | 1994 | 8259645 |
| reversal of the antiviral activity of ribavirin against sindbis virus in ae. albopictus mosquito cells. | earlier work in our laboratory has shown that the replication of sindbis virus in aedes albopictus mosquito cells is inhibited by ribavirin (rbv) and mycophenolic acid (mpa) (sarver and stollar (1978) virology 91, 267-282; malinoski and stollar (1980) virology 102, 473-476). we report here that the antiviral effect of rbv and mpa can be reversed by depriving infected cells of methionine or isoleucine, or by treating them with fluorodeoxyuridine (fudr) or cycloleucine. we suggest that, as was the ... | 1993 | 8279817 |
| [outbreak of classical fever of dengue caused by serotype 2 in araguaiana, tocantins, brazil]. | we report the first outbreak of dengue fever caused by dengue 2 (den 2) in araguaina, tocantins state. four hundred people of 74 families, living at s. joão, araguaina sul and neblina districts were questioned and then bled, in order to obtain sera to test for anti-dengue antibodies. if a person was sick, a small quantity of blood was collected for virus isolation. the main clinical picture of disease was characterized by fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias and skin rash. were obtained 1,105 ... | 1993 | 8284598 |
| aedes albopictus in europe: a new challenge for dermatologists. | a patient is reported who was bitten by aedes albopictus, commonly known as tiger mosquito. the biology of the insect, originally living in the forests of southeastern asia, and its role in transmitting exotic infectious agents is discussed. up to this day, only albania and northern italy have been colonized, but the biologic characteristics of the insect make its spreading all over europe highly probable, unless serious attempts to eradicate it are quickly undertaken. dermatologists should thin ... | 1993 | 8324281 |
| vertical transmission of west nile virus by culex and aedes species mosquitoes. | experiments were conducted to determine whether west nile (wn) virus was transmitted vertically by colonized strains of aedes albopictus, ae. aegypti, and culex tritaeniorhynchus. female mosquitoes were infected by intrathoracic inoculation with wn virus, and the f1 progeny were tested for virus by the fluorescence antibody technique and the newborn mouse assay. each of the three mosquito species transmitted wn virus to f1 adults derived from immature forms reared at 26 degrees c. the minimal fi ... | 1993 | 8333569 |
| entomologic investigations of an epidemic of st. louis encephalitis in pine bluff, arkansas, 1991. | an epidemic of st. louis encephalitis (sle) occurred in jefferson county, arkansas during july-august 1991. at least 26 human cases were involved, with 25 cases in the town of pine bluff. twelve isolates of sle virus were obtained from mosquitoes collected in pine bluff between august 13 and 24: 11 from pools of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, resulting in a minimum infection rate of 1.6 per 1,000 (n = 6,768) for this subspecies, and one isolate from a pool of 22 mosquitoes identified as cx. (cu ... | 1993 | 8352390 |
| [a study on transmission of dengue virus by culex fatigans]. | patients with acute dengue fever within 2 days of onset were simultaneously bitten by culex fatigans, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which were fed and incubated in the laboratory. isolation and quantitative assay of dengue virus and transmission experiment were conducted on specimens collected from 3 kinds of mosquitoes at different time. the result showed a positive rate of 5.13% (2/39) and an average viral titer of 2.41 logtcid50, for culex fatigans, which indicates that culex fatigans m ... | 1993 | 8353818 |
| mechanism of increased dissemination of chikungunya virus in aedes albopictus mosquitoes concurrently ingesting microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis. | we investigated whether concurrent ingestion of chikungunya virus and microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis increases viral dissemination and multiplication in a mosquito vector. the increased rate of dissemination of this virus in mosquitoes concurrently ingesting both agents was found when homogenates of bodies and those of legs only were examined. it was significantly higher than that of controls ingesting the virus alone through the end of the experiment on day 14 after infection. we next stu ... | 1993 | 8357082 |
| aedes albopictus: the tyre-travelling tiger. | | 1993 | 8370933 |
| early events of semliki forest virus-induced cell-cell fusion. | insect cells (aedes albopictus) were infected with semliki forest virus. cell-cell fusion was then induced by lowering the extracellular ph. the underlying processes were examined by monitoring the intercellular current flow, ij. experimentally, this involved the use of cell pairs in conjunction with a dual voltage-clamp method. this approach allowed us to monitor the kinetics of fusion at high temporal resolution. the fusion process began shortly after acidification (delay: 3-138 sec). initiall ... | 1993 | 8372433 |
| purification and characterization of a sindbis virus-induced peptide which stimulates its own production and blocks virus rna synthesis. | the antiviral activity described by riedel and brown (j. virol. 29, 51-60) has been purified to homogeneity. a study of the effects of this pure peptide on mosquito cell growth and virus replication has been undertaken. we have found that treatment of noninfected aedes albopictus cells with this antiviral peptide results in a temporary arrest of cell division accompanied by acquisition of virus resistance and the constitutive production of the antiviral protein. | 1993 | 8386889 |
| metabolic and morphological changes in a. albopictus cells infected with mayaro virus under heat-shock conditions. | we addressed the question how temperature elevation inhibits mayaro virus replication in aedes albopictus infected cells. the morphology and macromolecular changes induced by temperature, infection and high serum concentration were investigated in these cells. cells incubated with 2 and 10% serum at 28 degrees c disclosed an intense vacuolization and inhibition of [35s]methionine incorporation in a time-dependent manner. 34 and 50 kda viral structural proteins were detected 24 h after infection. ... | 1993 | 8392316 |
| transovarial transmission of chikungunya virus by aedes albopictus mosquitoes ingesting microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis under laboratory conditions. | female aedes albopictus mosquitoes of the miki strain were experimentally fed on defibrinated sheep blood containing 5 x 10(7) pfu of chikungunya virus and 20,000 microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis per milliliter. fully engorged mosquitoes transmitted the virus to a small percentage of the f1 progeny, but females of the f1 generation did not transmit the virus to the f2 progeny. the control mosquitoes that ingested the virus without microfilariae did not transmit the virus to their eggs, larva ... | 1993 | 8394983 |
| immunoreactivity and protective effects in mice of a recombinant dengue 2 tonga virus ns1 protein produced in a baculovirus expression system. | the double-stranded replicative form of dengue 2 virus (den-2) rna (tonga strain) was used as a substrate to produce dna clones of the ns1-ns2a genes via reverse transcriptase synthesis of full length cdna followed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the ns1-ns2a region. products were cloned into ptz18r for sequencing and into baculovirus for expression studies. the deduced amino acid sequence of the ns1-ns2a was almost identical to that of the s1 attenuated strain of den-2 puerto rico ... | 1993 | 8423452 |
| processing of the dengue virus type 2 proteins prm and c-prm. | a glycoprotein c-prm of 35,000 m(r) was immuno-precipitated from lysates of aedes albopictus cells infected with dengue virus type 2 (den-2) using antisera directed against the c protein or an amino-terminal fragment of the prm glycoprotein. c-prm was not detected in infected vero cells. the prm glycoprotein synthesized in infected a. albopictus and vero cells was cleaved to produce the membrane-associated virion protein (m) and the non-m fragment (pr) immediately preceding or occurring simultan ... | 1993 | 8429301 |
| the distribution of sindbis virus proteins in mosquito cells as determined by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. | two aedes albopictus (mosquito) subclones, c7-10 and c6/36, were examined by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy for the distribution of sindbis virus structural and non-structural proteins. both the viral glycoproteins, e1 and e2, and the non-structural proteins, nsp1 and nsp2, were found within vesicles and electron-dense, amorphous matrices associated with sindbis virus infection. the labelling patterns indicated that both replication of viral rna and production of virus particle ... | 1993 | 8429303 |
| susceptibility parameters of aedes albopictus to per oral infection with eastern equine encephalitis virus. | aedes albopictus (skuse) mosquitoes were fed on snowy egrets, egretta thula (thayer and bangs), that had been infected by subcutaneous inoculation of eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus. freshly fed mosquitoes were frozen and tested to determine how much virus they had ingested. other fed mosquitoes from the same lots were incubated for 7 d at 27 degrees c before testing. seven lots of ae. albopictus fed on viremic birds. based on average amounts of virus ingested and day 7 virus infection r ... | 1993 | 8433331 |
| host-feeding patterns of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) at a temperate north american site. | precipitin tests and elisa were used to investigate host-feeding patterns of 172 blood-fed aedes albopictus (skuse) collected at potosi, mo, during the summers of 1989 and 1990. one hundred ten (64.0%) mosquitoes had fed on mammals, 29 (16.9%) on birds, and none on turtles or snakes. thirty-three (19.2%) mosquitoes failed to react in all tests. eighty-six (78.2%) of the 110 mammalian feeds were positive for lower taxa as follows: rabbit, 24.5%; deer, 14.5%; dog, 13.6%; human, 8.2%; squirrel, 7.3 ... | 1993 | 8433336 |
| ph-dependent pore formation in semliki forest virus-infected aedes albopictus cells. | the plasma membrane properties of semliki forest virus-infected aedes cells were studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recording. cells exhibited a marked increase in membrane conductance, gm (from 0.48 +/- 0.09 ns to 14.2 +/- 10.8 ns) upon exposure to acidic ph (5.6). the membrane potential depolarized from -40.9 +/- 5.2 mv to -2.43 +/- 7.14 mv under these conditions. in uninfected cells, there was no change in gm after lowering the ph. this implies that viral fusion proteins are involved in cha ... | 1993 | 8438571 |
| midgut basal lamina thickness and dengue-1 virus dissemination rates in laboratory strains of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | strain differences in midgut basal lamina thickness, assessed by measurement in transmission electron micrographs, and disseminated infection rates of dengue-1 virus were compared among three laboratory strains of aedes albopictus (skuse). mean basal lamina thickness for the new orleans and houston strains were significantly greater than those for the oahu strain, which exhibits a higher disseminated infection rate than the former two. although basal lamina thickness among the f1 progeny of reci ... | 1993 | 8459409 |
| evaluation of mechanical transmission of hiv by the african soft tick, ornithodoros moubata. | to assess the ability of the african hut tampan, ornithodoros moubata, to mechanically transmit hiv-1 and to re-appraise hiv-1 infectivity in an arthropod cell line at 28 and 35 degrees c. | 1993 | 8471196 |
| selection and partial characterization of dengue 2 virus mutants that induce fusion at elevated ph. | two types of dengue (den) 2 virus mutants were selected either by repeated exposure to acidic ph (acid mutant, am), or by the addition of ammonium chloride to aedes albopictus c6/36 cells prior to and during viral infection (fusion mutant, fm). both mutants grew more slowly than the parent strain and induced smaller plaques in vero cells. the 50% fusion from within index for both mutants occurred at least 0.65 ph units higher than with the wild-type den virus. a single amino acid substitution (a ... | 1993 | 8480420 |
| insecticide susceptibility status & enzyme profile of aedes albopictus populations from different localities of maharashtra state. | susceptibility status of five populations of ae. albopictus mosquitoes from maharashtra state, to ddt, malathion, fenitrothion, bromophos, propoxur and deltamethrin was studied and compared with the laboratory population. four populations survived when adults were exposed to 4 per cent ddt impregnated paper for 2 h; though three of these populations had lower ddt-lc50 values at larval stages in comparison with the laboratory population. results of topical application of ddt on these four populat ... | 1993 | 8486408 |
| amplification and sequencing of dna from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil. | dna has been successfully isolated from both fossilized plant and animal tissues. the oldest material, dated as 25-40 million years old (tertiary), was obtained from amber-entombed bees and termites. tissues from both these insects yielded dna of good quality, which could be amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and subsequently sequenced, including the genes encoding 18s ribosomal rna and 16s rrna. we report here the extraction of dna from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil (nemonychi ... | 1993 | 8505978 |
| vector competence of aedes albopictus and ae. aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to dengue 1 virus on taiwan: development of the virus in orally and parenterally infected mosquitoes. | the vector competence in ae. aegypti (l.) and ae. albopictus (skuse) from southern taiwan to the dengue 1 virus was studied to elucidate the distribution of dengue infection during the 1987-1988 outbreak. the brain of ae. aegypti was infected as early as 3 d after intrathoracic inoculation. the esophagus and the proboscis (tissues within the labium) were infected 5 d after inoculation. the salivary gland was highly susceptible to the virus, but no specific infection site was found. gangli, muscl ... | 1993 | 8510112 |
| geographic variation of cuticular hydrocarbons among fourteen populations of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | cuticular hydrocarbons were used to differentiate among fourteen aedes albopictus (skuse) populations from asia, brazil, and the united states. forty cuticular hydrocarbon peaks from each north american population were previously identified using gas chromatography electron impact-mass spectrometry. the same cuticular hydrocarbon peaks were identified in the asian and brazilian populations. samples from three populations were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography chemical ionization mass s ... | 1993 | 8510114 |
| studies on the replication of mayaro virus grown in interferon treated cells. | mayaro virus grown in interferon treated infected cells has been characterized with regard to its ability to replicate in vertebrate (tc7) and invertebrate (aedes albopictus) cells. virus purified from interferon treated tc7 cells adsorbs and penetrates to the same extent as the control virus. during infection, these virus particles caused inhibition of host protein synthesis and synthesized the same spectrum of viral proteins as normal virus. this population however, was apparently more sensiti ... | 1994 | 8524064 |
| duration of larval and pupal development stages of aedes albopictus in natural and artificial containers. | aedes albopictus were reared in different containers: a tree hole, a bamboo stump and an auto tire. the total times from egg hatching to adult emergence were of 19.6, 27.3 and 37.5 days, respectively, according to the container. the first, second and third-instar larvae presented growth periods with highly similar durations. the fourth-instar larvae was longer than the others stages. the pupation time was longer than the fourth-instar larvae growth period. the temperature of the breeding sites s ... | 1995 | 8525309 |
| field overwinter survivorship of aedes albopictus eggs in japan. | the overwintering ability of eggs of 3 temperate and 2 tropical strains of aedes albopictus was assessed at 5 field sites during winter 1991-92 and 4 field sites during winter 1992-93 in japan. nagasaki, the warmest site, is the only site at which tropical ae. albopictus could possibly become established. the eggs of temperate ae. albopictus can survive less than half of the winters in sapporo. temperate ae. albopictus can survive at least some of the winters at bijo daira, kitakami, nagasaki, t ... | 1995 | 8551306 |
| laboratory transmission of sindbis virus by aedes albopictus, ae. aegypti, and culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the susceptibility of aedes albopictus (skuse) for sindbis (sin) virus was examined in the laboratory. ae. albopictus, ae. aegypti (l.), and culex pipiens (l.) became infected with and subsequently transmitted sin virus by bite to chicks after feeding on viremic 1-d-old chicks. after ingesting 10(5.3) plaque-forming units (pfu)/ml, ae. albopictus had the highest transmission rate (30%) of the 3 species. transmission by ae. aegypti was less efficient (7%), whereas none of the cx. pipiens transmit ... | 1995 | 8551504 |
| infection of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) and ae. aegypti with lambornella stegomyiae (ciliophora: tetrahymenidae). | the transformation of lambornella stegomyiae trophonts to theronts, the distribution of invasion cysts on larval aedes albopictus cuticle, and the virulence of l. stegomyiae to ae. albopictus and aedes aegypti were studied in the laboratory. transformation of trophonts into theronts was induced by a morphogenic agent released from larval ae. albopictus homogenate. the first transformation was observed 4 hr after exposure to larval mosquito homogenate, but most transformations occurred between 12 ... | 1995 | 8568285 |
| towards malaria control in nigeria: a qualitative study on the population of mosquitoes. | malaria is still highly prevalent in many tropical countries and this disease can only survive in areas where mosquitoes and infected human populations are high. relevant information on the species of mosquitoes, their habitats and their population are important in planning preventative strategies in the control of malaria, hence this study. mosquito species and their habitats were investigated in both high and low density areas of benin city, edo state, nigeria. the results showed that culex pi ... | 1995 | 8568784 |
| wolbachia superinfections and the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility. | strains of drosophila simulans from riverside, california (dsr) and hawaii (dsh) harbour distinct strains of the cytoplasmic incompatibility microorganism wolbachia, resulting in the expression of bidirectional incompatibility when crossed. d. simulans lines carrying both of these (superinfected) wolbachia strains were generated by the transfer of infected dsh cytoplasm into dsr embryos by microinjection. the superinfected flies were unidirectionally incompatible with both dsr and dsh individual ... | 1995 | 8587875 |
| [the role of the aedes aegypti vector in the epidemiology of dengue in mexico]. | the role of aedes aegypti (lineo) in the epidemiology of dengue fever in mexico is herein discussed based on the vectorial capacity model. comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each model component at the time of field determinations are also presented. emphasis is made on the impact of sampling and method bias on the results of vectorial capacity studies. the paper also addresses the need to increase vector biology knowledge as an input for epidemiological work to explain and predict ... | 1995 | 8599147 |
| [vectors of dengue in mexico: a critical review)]. | the mosquito aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linneaus, 1762) is the vector of dengue viruses in america. recently, another related species, aedes albopictus (skuse, 1894) was first introduced to america in 1986 in texas, usa and later on in sao paulo, brazil. since then, this mosquito has rapidly colonized new areas along the northern border states of mexico. the importance of this species as a vector of dengue virus is not clear. this work presents a revision of some characteristics of the two speci ... | 1995 | 8599149 |
| enhanced infectivity of modified bluetongue virus particles for two insect cell lines and for two culicoides vector species. | previous studies (mertens et al., virology 157, 375-386, 1987) have shown that removal of the outer capsid layer from bluetongue virus (btv) significantly reduces (approximately x 10(-4)) the infectivity of the resultant core particle for mammalian cells (bhk 21 cells). in contrast, the studies reported here, using a cell line (kc cells) derived from a species of culicoides that can act as a vector for btv (culicoides variipennis), demonstrated a much higher infectivity of core particles than th ... | 1996 | 8610450 |
| molecularly engineered resistance to california serogroup virus replication in mosquito cells and mosquitoes. | introduction of genetic elements derived from a viral pathogen's genome may be used to reduce the vectorial capacity of mosquitoes for that virus. a double subgenomic sindbis virus expression system was utilized to transcribe sequences of lacrosse (lac) virus small (s) or medium (m) segment rna in sense or antisense orientation; wild-type sindbis and lacrosse viruses have single-stranded rna genomes, the former being positive sense and the latter being negative sense. recombinant viruses were ge ... | 1996 | 8633038 |
| pathogen-derived resistance to dengue type 2 virus in mosquito cells by expression of the premembrane coding region of the viral genome. | the full-length premembrane (prm) coding region of the dengue virus type 2 (den-2; jamaica) genome was expressed in c6/36 (aedes albopictus) cells in either the sense or the antisense orientation from a double subgenomic sindbis (dssin) virus. northern (rna) blot analysis confirmed the expression of sense or antisense den-2 prm rna in infected c6/36 cells. prm protein was demonstrated in cells infected with dssin virus expressing den-2 sense rnas by an immunofluorescence assay. c6/36 cells were ... | 1996 | 8642634 |
| the e1 protein is mandatory for pore formation by semliki forest virus spikes. | insect cells (aedes albopictus, clone c6/36) were infected with various variants of semliki forest virus including the wild type using the sfv replicon system. the variants included deletion mutants lacking one of the structural proteins and a mutant with a point mutation in p62 (sql). the latter mutation results in a failure to process p62 to e2 and e3. after infection of the cells with different variant viruses and subsequent expression of viral proteins in the host cell plasma membrane low ph ... | 1996 | 8659114 |