| distribution, abundance, and seasonal ecology of listronotus maculicollis (coleoptera: curculionidae) on golf courses in québec, canada. | the weevil listronotus maculicollis dietz (coleoptera: curculionidae) is a major pest of annual bluegrass, poa annua l., on golf courses in northeastern north america. to determine the distribution, abundance, and seasonal ecology of l. maculicollis on golf courses in québec, canada, we sampled 19 golf courses (gc1-gc19) from different geographic and climatic conditions during 2001, 2002, and 2003. l. maculicollis was found on all golf courses except gc19, which was located in northeastern québe ... | 2007 | 17849888 |
| bean alpha-amylase inhibitors in transgenic peas inhibit development of pea weevil larvae. | this glasshouse study used an improved larval measurement procedure to evaluate the impact of transgenic pea, pisum sativum l., seeds expressing a-amylase inhibitor (ai)-1 or -2 proteins on pea weevil, bruchus pisorum l. seeds of transgenic 'laura' and 'greenfeast' peas expressing alpha-(ai)-1 reduced pea weevil survival by 93-98%. larval mortality occurred at an early instar. conversely, in nontransgenic cultivars, approximately 98-99% of the pea weevils emerged as adults. by measuring the head ... | 2007 | 17849896 |
| a spatial analysis method (sam) to detect candidate loci for selection: towards a landscape genomics approach to adaptation. | the detection of adaptive loci in the genome is essential as it gives the possibility of understanding what proportion of a genome or which genes are being shaped by natural selection. several statistical methods have been developed which make use of molecular data to reveal genomic regions under selection. in this paper, we propose an approach to address this issue from the environmental angle, in order to complement results obtained by population genetics. we introduce a new method to detect s ... | 2007 | 17850556 |
| natural occurrence of beauveria bassiana in hypothenemus hampei (coleoptera: curculionidae) populations in unsprayed coffee fields. | three unsprayed coffee farms (farm 1, 2 and 3) were studied for the natural occurrence of the insect pathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana in hypothenemus hampei populations throughout the rainy season of 2004 (july-november) and 2005 (july-december). b. bassiana infections were found during most sampling dates in both years, on all three farms. the b. bassiana infection levels were higher in 2005 than in 2004 with mean prevalence of 12.1% and 2.7%, respectively. no consistent significant differe ... | 2008 | 17854825 |
| heteropriapulus nom. nov. (monogenoidea: dactylogyridae) for heterotylus jogunoori, kritsky & venkatanarasaiah, 2004, a junior homonym of heterotylus kirsch in reitter, 1913 (coleoptera: curculionidae). | heterotylus jogunoori, kritsky & venkatanarasaiah, 2004 is a junior homonym of heterotylus kirsch in reitter, 1913. it is replaced by heteropriapulus nom. nov. and its type- and only species, heterotylus heterotylus jogunoori, kritsky & venkatanarasaiah, 2004, is transferred as heteropriapulus heterotylus (jogunoori, kritsky & venkatanarasaiah, 2004) n. comb. | 2007 | 17896191 |
| an ultrastructural study of spermiogenesis in two species of sitophilus (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the spermiogenesis of sitophilus zeamais and sitophilus oryzae, the maize and the rice weevil, respectively, was studied by light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. sitophilus spp. is the most widespread and destructive primary pest of stored cereals in the world. the spermiogenesis occurs within cysts. there are approximately 256 germ line cells per cyst. inside each cysts, all the spermatids are in the same stage of maturation. the ultrastructure of the spermatozoa o ... | 2007 | 17902271 |
| [sexual dimorphism of guava weevil conotrachelus psidii marshall (coleoptera: curculionidae)]. | we investigate structural and behavioral differences between male and female adults of guava weevil, conotrachelus psidii marshall, 1922 to help in sex determination. weevils collected from a commercial guava orchard were individually caged and maintained under laboratory conditions. every day ten individuals were grouped and their behavior was observed. during mating the males and females were identified. fifty weevils of each sex were killed and they were observed with stereoscopic microscope. ... | 2007 | 17934614 |
| impact of irrigation on larval density of stem-infesting pests of cultivated sunflower in kansas. | the guild of stem-infesting insect pests of cultivated sunflower, helianthus annuus l., within the central plains is a concern to producers, chiefly due to losses caused by plant lodging from the sunflower stem weevil, cylindrocopturus adspersus (leconte) (coleoptera: curculionidae), and dectes texanus texanus leconte (coleoptera: cerambycidae). the incidence of a root boring moth, pelochrista womonana (kearfott) (lepidoptera: tortricidae), also has increased. experiments were conducted in kansa ... | 2007 | 17972632 |
| susceptibility of fruit from diverse apple and crabapple germplasm to attack by plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae). | plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst) (coleoptera: curculionidae), is an important apple, malus domestica borkh., pest that significantly hinders sustainable apple production in eastern north america. the potential for host plant resistance to plum curculio among apple germplasm has never been rigorously evaluated. thus, studies were conducted to assess the susceptibility of a number of exotic and domestic malus accessions housed at the usda plant genetic resources unit (pgru) "core" co ... | 2007 | 17972646 |
| rapid assessment of insect fragments in flour milled from wheat infested with known densities of immature and adult sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae). | milling wheat, triticum aestivum l., infested with low densities of internal feeding insects can result in flour containing insect fragments. the food and drug administration (fda) enforces a standard or defect action level stating that a maximum of 75 insect fragments per 50 g of flour is allowed. however, the relationship between level of infestation and number of resulting fragments is not well documented, and a more rapid method for enumerating insect fragments is needed. we characterized th ... | 2007 | 17972652 |
| extensive proliferation of transposable elements in heritable bacterial symbionts. | we found that insertion sequence (is) elements are unusually abundant in the relatively recently evolved bacterial endosymbionts of maize weevils. because multicopy elements can facilitate genomic recombination and deletion, this is expansion may represent an early stage in the genomic reduction that is common in most ancient endosymbionts. | 2008 | 17981967 |
| population structure of the banana weevil, an introduced pest in the canary islands, studied by rapd analysis. | the banana weevil (bw), cosmopolites sordidus (coleoptera: curculionidae), is one of the most important insect pests of bananas and plantains. the mobility and the origin of bw infestations at the canary islands (tenerife, la gomera and la palma) have been analysed using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) as molecular markers. populations from costa rica, colombia, uganda and madeira were also included for comparison. one hundred and fifteen reproducible bands from eight primers were obtain ... | 2007 | 17997871 |
| new data on the cytology of parthenogenetic weevils (coleoptera, curculionidae). | parthenogenesis and, in particular, polyploidy are rare in animals. a number of cases, known among weevils, represent apomictic parthenogenesis--a reproductive mode in which eggs undergo one maturation division, the chromosomes divide equationally, and no reduction takes place. among parthenogenetic weevils there are two diploids, 48 triploids, 18 tetraploids, six pentaploids, three hexaploids and one decaploid. eight examined parthenogenetic species are triploids with 33 chromosomes of differen ... | 2008 | 18040867 |
| [evidences of moran effect in the population synchrony: a demonstration in experimental microcosm]. | three main causes to population synchrony are proposed: exogenous factors, dispersal and inter-specific interactions. this paper had as main goal to test the influence of the exogenous factors in the synchrony in spatially isolated (i.e., no dispersal) populations of sitophilus zeamais (mots.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), in microcosms with different environmental conditions (humidity, temperature and light intensity). twelve populations of 20 individuals each, were randomly assigned between two ... | 2007 | 18060290 |
| [comparison of coleopteran and spider communities between a reforested area and a still steppe area in a pre-saharan region of algeria]. | in the pre-saharan region of djelfa (algeria), the coleopteran and spider communities are compared between two neighbouring ecosystems, the one kept as a steppe, the other one reforested with aleppo pine. in three plots in each area, pitfall (barber) traps were sampled monthly during one year and arthropods were identified and counted. two thousand five hundred and fifty-seven individuals, distributed into 95 species, were collected, belonging to four coleopteran families (carabidae, scarabaeida ... | 2007 | 18068651 |
| a highly pathogenic strain of bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki in lepidopteran pests. | in order to detect and identify the most toxic bacillus thuringiensis strains against pests, we isolated a b. thuringiensis strain (bn1) from balaninus nucum (coleoptera: curculionidae), the most damaging hazelnut pest. bn1 was characterized via morphological, biochemical, and molecular techniques. the isolate was serotyped, and the results showed that bn1 was the b. thuringiensis serovar, kurstaki (h3abc). the scanning electron microscopy indicated that bn1 has crystals with cubic and bipyramid ... | 2007 | 18176540 |
| [genitalia of three species of heilipus germar (coleoptera: curculionidae) that damage avocado fruits (persea americana mill.) in mexico and costa rica]. | the male and female genitaliae of three species of the genus heilipus germar (h. lauri boheman, h. pittieri barber and h. trifasciatus fabricius) that damage avocado fruits (persea americana mill.) in mexico and costa rica are described and illustrated. the aedeagus, spiculum gastrale, styli of 8th sternite are different in each one of the three species studied and can be used for specific identification. | 2007 | 18246266 |
| colonization history, ecological shifts and diversification in the evolution of endemic galápagos weevils. | mitochondrial dna sequence data were obtained for eight species of flightless galapaganus endemic weevils and one winged close relative in order to study their colonization history and modes of diversification in the galápagos archipelago. contrary to most other insular radiations, the phylogeny estimates we recovered for galapaganus do not follow the progression rule of island biogeography. the penalized likelihood age estimates of colonization of the archipelago exceed the age of the emerged i ... | 2008 | 18261050 |
| nematodes of rhynchophorus palmarum, l. (coleoptera: curculionidae), vector of the red ring disease in coconut plantations from the north of the rio de janeiro state. | rhynchophorus palmarum, the palm weevil, has been reported as a pest of palms and sugarcane plants. the red ring disease is an infectious plant disease caused by nematodes. the etiological agent, bursaphelencus (rhadinaphelencus) cocophilus (nematoda: aphelenchoididae), completes its life cycle within 9 to 10 days inside the palm tree. the main symptom is a permanent wilting of the plant aerial parts. previous studies stated that b. cocophilus cohabits with other nematodes the gut of r. palmarum ... | 2008 | 18278512 |
| instar determination for pissodes castaneus (coleoptera: curculionidae) using head capsule widths and lengths. | the aim of this research was to assess the larval instar number of pissodes castaneus (de geer) and to facilitate the study of its biology by identifying a reliable method to determine the instar of individual larvae. the larvae of this weevil were collected in central italy in 2004, and their head capsules were measured by means of a binocular microscope. head capsule width and length data were analyzed using hcap, a computer program that use the distribution of size measures to determine insta ... | 2007 | 18284728 |
| larval densities and field hosts of ceratapion basicorne (coleoptera: apionidae) and an illustrated key to the adults of ceratapion spp. that feed on thistles in the eastern mediterranean and black sea regions. | many members of the tribe cardueae are invasive weeds, including yellow starthistle (centaurea solstitialis l.), one of the most important weeds in the western united states. we examined the root crowns and stems of yellow starthistle and related plants growing in five countries (armenia, republic of georgia, greece, russia, and turkey) where yellow starthistle is native. in its native range, the root crowns and lower stems of yellow starthistle are frequently attacked by the internal feeding la ... | 2007 | 18284770 |
| biology and preliminary host range assessment of two potential kudzu biological control agents. | two insect species from china, gonioctena tredecimmaculata (jacoby) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) and ornatalcides (mesalcidodes) trifidus (pascoe) (coleoptera: curculionidae), were studied in quarantine in the united states as potential biological control agents for kudzu, pueraria montana variety lobata (willd.) maesen and s. almeida. adults of g. tredecimmaculata were ovoviviparous and reproduced throughout the summer, producing offspring that had an obligate adult diapause. in no-choice tests, ... | 2007 | 18284771 |
| beauveria caledonica is a naturally occurring pathogen of forest beetles. | in new zealand, two introduced scolytid beetles, hylastes ater and hylurgus ligniperda (curculionidae: scolytinae) are pests in pine plantations. investigation of the naturally occurring pathogens of these exotic pests revealed that both are attacked by beauveria caledonica, a species originally isolated and described from soil in scotland. the isolates in new zealand were identical in morphology and conserved dna region (rdna, elongation factor alpha) sequence to isolates held in the usda-ars i ... | 2008 | 18308525 |
| stanislaw smreczynskis legacy and the department of zoology of the jagiellonian university of krakow (poland). | this article covers the origin and development of scientific interest in insect and amphibian developmental biology at the department of systematic zoology and zoogeography of the jagiellonian university. the greater part of this historical account is devoted to professor stanislaw smreczynski (1899-1975), the founding father of the department, and comments on his biography and research achievements in the field of animal experimental embryology. a particular emphasis is on smreczynski's contrib ... | 2008 | 18311698 |
| molecular systematics and evolution in an african cycad-weevil interaction: amorphocerini (coleoptera: curculionidae: molytinae) weevils on encephalartos. | weevils in the tribe amorphocerini have been implicated in pollination of encephalartos species in southern africa. the services they render these plants and the unique attributes of the cycad-weevil interaction make them important from both conservation and evolutionary standpoints. oberprieler [oberprieler, r.g., 1996. systematics and evolution of the tribe amorphocerini, with a review of the cycad weevils of the world. ph.d. dissertation, university of the free state, bloemfontein, south afri ... | 2008 | 18328737 |
| relationships of abscised cotton fruit to boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) feeding, oviposition, and development. | abscised cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., fruit in field plots planted at different times were examined to assess adult boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman (coleoptera: curculionidae), use of squares and bolls during 2002 and 2003 in the lower rio grande valley of texas. although boll abscission is not necessarily related to infestation, generally more bolls abscised than squares and abundances of fallen bolls were not related to the planting date treatments. during 2003, fallen square ... | 2008 | 18330118 |
| comparison of arboreal beetle catches in wet and dry collection cups with lindgren multiple funnel traps. | we compared the effectiveness of a dry collection cup (with an insecticide killing strip) to a wet collection cup (containing antifreeze) for use with lindgren multiple-funnel traps in catching several common species of bark and wood-boring beetles, and their associates in southern pine forests. all traps were baited with either the binary combination of ethanol and (-)-alpha-pinene or the quaternary combination of (+/-)-ipsenol, (+/-)-ipsdienol, ethanol, and (-)-alpha-pinene. we found that cup ... | 2008 | 18330123 |
| effect of mango weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) damage on mango seed viability in tanzania. | studies were conducted at the horticulture unit of sokoine university of agriculture, morogoro, tanzania, to assess the incidence and effect of mango weevil, cryptorhynchus mangiferae (f.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), infestation on mango, mangifera indica l., seed viability. three polyembryo mango cultivars ('sindano nyeusi', 'sindano nyeupe', and 'dodo') as well as three monoembryo mango cultivars ('ex-horticulture', 'tango', and 'bongwa') were collected and examined for the presence of c. man ... | 2008 | 18330124 |
| particle films for managing arthropod pests of apple. | a two-season study showed that a calendar-based spray program to manage arthropod pests with kaolin (60 g/liter) applied at the rate of 450 liters/ha was effective against european apple sawfly, hoplocampa testudinea (klug) (hymenoptera: tenthredinidae); white apple leafhopper, typhlocyba pomaria mcatee (homoptera: cicadellidae); apple red bug, lygidea mendax reuter (heteroptera: miridae); pear plant bug, lygocoris communis (knight) (heteroptera: miridae); and the apple rust mite, aculus schlech ... | 2008 | 18330129 |
| screening hybrid poplar clones for susceptibility to cryptorhynchus lapathi (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the poplar-and-willow borer, cryptorhynchus lapathi (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), is a wood-boring pest of economic importance in irrigated hybrid poplar (populus spp.) farms in eastern washington and oregon. there is no practical insecticide control tactic against either the larval or adult stage of c. lapathi. to assess variability in c. lapathi toward clone preference, we initiated a no-choice study on 180 caged trees that consisted of five clones in a randomized complete block design. c. ... | 2008 | 18330136 |
| behavioral responses of adult sitophilus granarius to individual cereal volatiles. | the antennae of sitophilus granarius (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae) adults detect a wide variety of compounds in the odor blend of various cereal grains (germinara et al., tec. molit., 53:27-34, 2002). in the present study, we looked at the behavioral responses of the granary weevil to 20 of these individual volatiles (aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and aromatics) in a two-choice pitfall olfactometer, using the aggregation pheromone and propionic acid as the attractant and repellent c ... | 2008 | 18340486 |
| influence of temperature on spring flight initiation for southwestern ponderosa pine bark beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae). | determination of temperature requirements for many economically important insects is a cornerstone of pest management. for bark beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae), this information can facilitate timing of management strategies. our goals were to determine temperature predictors for flight initiation of three species of ips bark beetles, five species of dendroctonus bark beetles, and two genera of bark beetle predators, enoclerus spp. (coleoptera: cleridae) and temnochila chlorodia ... | 2008 | 18348797 |
| attraction of the southern pine beetle, dendroctonus frontalis, to pheromone components of the western pine beetle, dendroctonus brevicomis (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), in an allopatric zone. | subtle differences in pheromone components of sympatric species should be attractive only to the producing species and unattractive or repellent to the nonproducing species, and thereby maintain reproductive isolation and reduce competition between species. bark beetles dendroctonus brevicomis and d. frontalis (coleoptera: curculionidae) are known to have common pheromone components, except for exo-brevicomin, which is produced by d. brevicomis. we predicted that d. frontalis would not respond t ... | 2008 | 18348798 |
| influence of elevation on bark beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae) community structure and flight periodicity in ponderosa pine forests of arizona. | we examined abundance and flight periodicity of five ips and six dendroctonus species (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae) among three different elevation bands in ponderosa pine (pinus ponderosa douglas ex. lawson) forests of northcentral arizona. bark beetle populations were monitored at 10 sites in each of three elevation bands (low: 1,600-1,736 m; middle: 2,058-2,230 m; high: 2,505-2,651 m) for 3 yr (2004-2006) using pheromone-baited lindgren funnel traps. trap contents were collected wee ... | 2008 | 18348801 |
| comparison of application methods for suppressing the pecan weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) with beauveria bassiana under field conditions. | the pecan weevil, curculio caryae (horn), is a key pest of pecans. the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin is pathogenic to c. caryae. one approach to managing c. caryae may be application of b. bassiana directed toward adult weevils as they emerge from the soil to attack nuts in the tree canopy. our objective was to compare different application methods for suppression of c. caryae adults. treatments included direct application of b. bassiana (gha strain) to soil unde ... | 2008 | 18348807 |
| fine-scale genetic population structure of southern pine beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae) in mississippi forests. | the southern pine beetle, dendroctonus frontalis zimmerman, is the most destructive insect pest of pine forests in the southeastern united states, mexico, and central america. southern pine beetle aggressively attacks pine trees, and when in epidemic stages, they are capable of killing even the most healthy pine trees in a short period of time. despite the amount of destruction caused by the southern pine beetle and the amount of monetary loss faced by the timber industry and recreation, the pop ... | 2008 | 18348820 |
| molecular evolution of dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes in wild emmer wheat and its ecological association. | alpha-amylase inhibitors are attractive candidates for the control of seed weevils, as these insects are highly dependent on starch as an energy source. in this study, we aimed to reveal the structure and diversity of dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes in wild emmer wheat from israel and to elucidate the relationship between the emmer wheat genes and ecological factors using single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers. another objective of this study was to find out whether there were any co ... | 2008 | 18366725 |
| climate factors associated with historic spruce beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae) outbreaks in utah and colorado. | this study investigated relationships between climate and historic spruce beetle, dendroctonus rufipennis kirby (coleoptera: curculionidae), outbreaks in northern and southeastern utah and western colorado between 1905 and 1996. a chronology of outbreak years was constructed from historic records, research papers, newspapers, and other sources of information. historic climate data for the region included annual and mean monthly temperature and precipitation, in addition to palmer drought severit ... | 2008 | 18419898 |
| spatio-temporal analysis of xyleborus glabratus (coleoptera: curculionidae [corrected] scolytinae) invasion in eastern u.s. forests. | the non-native redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), has recently emerged as a significant pest of southeastern u.s. coastal forests. specifically, a fungal symbiont (raffaelea sp.) of x. glabratus has caused mortality of redbay (persea borbonia) and sassafras (sassafras albidum) trees in the region; several other lauraceae species also seem susceptible. although the range of x. glabratus continues to expand rapidly, little is known about t ... | 2008 | 18419916 |
| mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change. | the mountain pine beetle (dendroctonus ponderosae hopkins, coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae) is a native insect of the pine forests of western north america, and its populations periodically erupt into large-scale outbreaks. during outbreaks, the resulting widespread tree mortality reduces forest carbon uptake and increases future emissions from the decay of killed trees. the impacts of insects on forest carbon dynamics, however, are generally ignored in large-scale modelling analyses. the ... | 2008 | 18432244 |
| spray deposition from ground-based applications of carbaryl to protect individual trees from bark beetle attack. | bark beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae) are recognized as the most important tree mortality agent in western coniferous forests. a common method of protecting trees from bark beetle attack is to saturate the tree bole with carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate) using a hydraulic sprayer. in this study, we evaluate the amount of carbaryl drift (ground deposition) occurring at four distances from the tree bole (7.6, 15.2, 22.9, and 38.1 m) during conventional spray applications for pro ... | 2008 | 18453436 |
| pollination of anthurium (araceae) by derelomine flower weevils (coleoptera: curculionidae). | cyclanthura flower weevils (coleoptera: curculionidae: derelomini) are identified for the first time as pollinators of multiple species of anthurium (araceae) in costa rica. the weevils are present on the inflorescences in small numbers during the pistillate and staminate phase of anthesis, and consume plant tissues and pollen. the individuals of one species of cyclanthura can visit several anthurium species within the same locality. they also engage in reproductive activities and are likely to ... | 2007 | 18457136 |
| arthropod assemblages are best predicted by plant species composition. | insects and spiders comprise more than two-thirds of the earth's total species diversity. there is wide concern, however, that the global diversity of arthropods may be declining even more rapidly than the diversity of vertebrates and plants. for adequate conservation planning, ecologists need to understand the driving factors for arthropod communities and devise methods, that provide reliable predictions when resources do not permit exhaustive ground surveys. which factor most successfully pred ... | 2008 | 18459341 |
| evaluation of extended-life pheromone formulations used with and without dichlorvos for boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) trapping. | boll weevil traps baited with a combolure (25 of mg grandlure + 30 mg of eugenol + 90 of mg dichlorvos [ddvp]), an extended-release lure (25 mg of grandlure + 30 mg of eugenol + 60 of mg ddvp kill-strip), and extended-release lure with no ddvp were evaluated for boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman (coleoptera: curculionidae), captures in south texas cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., fields during february-march 2005 and march-april 2006. the traps were serviced once a week for five cons ... | 2008 | 18459404 |
| insect-attracting and antimicrobial properties of antifreeze for monitoring insect pests and natural enemies in stored corn. | insect infestations in stored grain cause extensive damage worldwide. storage insect pests, including the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae); sitophilus spp. (coleoptera: curculionidae); and their natural enemies [e.g., cephalonomia tarsalis (ashmead) (hymenoptera: bethylidae), and anisopteromalus calandrae (howard) (hymenoptera: pteromalidae)] inhabit a temporary, but stable ecosystem with constant environmental conditions. the objective of the present expe ... | 2008 | 18459433 |
| establishment, persistence, and introgression of entomopathogenic nematodes in a forest ecosystem. | entomopathogenic nematodes (epn) are currently marketed worldwide for use in inundative biological control, where the applied natural enemy population (rather than its offspring) is expected to reduce insect numbers. unlike classical biological control, in inundative control natural enemy establishment is not crucial in order to achieve pest suppression. field trials in irish forestry provided the opportunity to test predictions regarding the establishment of two exotic (steinernema carpocapsae ... | 2008 | 18488631 |
| novel insights on the mechanism of action of alpha-amylase inhibitors from the plant defensin family. | plant defensins are small cysteine-rich proteins commonly synthesized in plants, encoded by large multigene families. most plant defensins that have been characterized to date show potent antifungal and/or bactericidal activities. this report describes vud1, an unusual defensin that is able to inhibit insect-pest alpha-amylases. vud1 was cloned from cowpea (vigna unguiculata) seeds and expressed in a heterologous system. inhibitory enzyme assays showed that vud1 efficiently inhibits alpha-amylas ... | 2008 | 18498107 |
| alimentary canal and reproductive tract of hypothenemus hampei (ferrari) (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae). | the alimentary canal and the reproductive tract of males and females of hypothenemus hampei ferrari are described. the alimentary canal of h. hampei showed the crop with several spine-like structures and the midgut with few gastric caeca. we evidenced for the first time that adult females need to feed on coffee in order to produce viable eggs before and during oviposition period. the presence of air bubbles inside the anterior midgut may be due to starvation rather than the response of the envir ... | 2008 | 18506292 |
| effects of a novel microsporidium on the black vine weevil, otiorhynchus sulcatus (f.) (coleoptera: curculionidae). | a newly discovered microsporidium infecting the black vine weevil, otiorhynchus sulcatus (f.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), provisionally placed in the genus canningia, was studied to determine its impact on o. sulcatus. o. sulcatus populations from several locations were sampled and evaluated for microsporidiosis. a very low prevalence of the disease was observed in all locations surveyed (<3.0%). laboratory studies were conducted by orally exposing both larvae and adults of o. sulcatus to varyi ... | 2008 | 18539295 |
| temperature extremes, density dependence, and southern pine beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae) population dynamics in east texas. | previous studies of the southern pine beetle, dendroctonus frontalis zimm., established that its population in east texas responds to a delayed density-dependent process, whereas no clear role of climate has been determined. we tested two biological hypotheses for the influence of extreme temperatures on annual southern pine beetle population growth in the context of four alternative hypotheses for density-dependent population regulation. the significance of climate variables and their interacti ... | 2008 | 18559170 |
| lack of genetic differentiation in aggressive and secondary bark beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae) from arizona. | bark beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae) play an important role as disturbance agents in ponderosa pine (pinus ponderosa douglas ex lawson) forests of arizona. however, from 2001 to 2003, elevated bark beetle activity caused unprecedented levels of ponderosa pine mortality. a better understanding of the population structure of these species will facilitate analysis of their dispersal patterns and improve management strategies. here, we use fluorescently labeled amplified fragment len ... | 2008 | 18559189 |
| glacial bottleneck and postglacial recolonization of a seed parasitic weevil, curculio hilgendorfi, inferred from mitochondrial dna variation. | climatic changes during glacial periods have had a major influence on the recent evolutionary history of living organisms, even in the warm temperate zone. we investigated phylogeographical patterns of a weevil curculio hilgendorfi (curculionidae), a host-specific seed predator of castanopsis (fagaceae) growing in the broadleaved evergreen forests in japan. we examined 2709 bp of mitochondrial dna for 204 individuals collected from 62 populations of the weevil. four major haplogroups were detect ... | 2008 | 18564086 |
| increased pathogenicity against coffee berry borer, hypothenemus hampei (coleoptera: curculionidae) by metarhizium anisopliae expressing the scorpion toxin (aait) gene. | coffee berry borer (cbb) is the worlds most devastating coffee pest causing an estimated us$500 million worth of losses annually through damage and control costs. beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae have been employed to control this pest but their low virulence (slow kill and large inoculums) is an important factor constraining their use. m. anisopliae (aait-ma549) has been modified to express the scorpion toxin (aait) in insect hemolymph and this greatly increased pathogenicity again ... | 2008 | 18597773 |
| do rice water weevils and rice stem borers compete when sharing a host plant? | the rice water weevil (rww) lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel (coleoptera: curculionidae) is an invasive insect pest of rice oryza sativa l. in china. little is known about the interactions of this weevil with indigenous herbivores. in the present study, adult feeding and population density of the weevil, injury level of striped stem borer chilo suppressalis (walker) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and pink stem borer sesamia inferens (walker) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to rice, as well as growth status ... | 2008 | 18600788 |
| insect diets as mixtures: optimization for a polyphagous weevil. | development or improvement of artificial insect diets can be tedious, convoluted and often under-appreciated. using n-dimensional mixture designs, we identified a set of response-optimized meridic diets that contain fewer ingredients than the current commercial diet for diaprepes abbreviatus, a polyphagous weevil pest of the caribbean and southern u.s. a diet blend optimized to produce maximum adult weight was predicted to produce adult d. abbreviatus that weigh 28% more compared with adults rea ... | 2008 | 18606169 |
| effect of temperature and commodity on insecticidal efficacy of spinosad dust against sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae) and rhyzopertha dominica (coleoptera: bostrychidae). | the insecticidal effect of spinosad dust, a formulation that contains 0.125% spinosad, was evaluated against adults of sitophilus oryzae (l.) and rhyzopertha dominica (f.) at three temperature levels (20, 25, and 30 degrees c) and four commodities (wheat, triticum aestivum l.; barley, hordeum vulgare l.; rice, oryza sativa l.; and maize, zea mays l.). for this purpose, quantities of the above-mentioned grains were treated with spinosad at two dose rates (20 and 50 ppm of the formulation, corresp ... | 2008 | 18613602 |
| infestation and development of sitophilus spp. in pouch-packaged spaghetti in japan. | infestation of pouch-packaged spaghetti by sitophilus oryzae (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae) was observed in japan in may 2006. it was suggested that 30% of all shipped pasta products sustain damage to the packages heat-sealed before reaching retail stores. hence, we investigated the mechanisms by which s. oryzae and sitophilus zeamais motschulsky (coleoptera: curculionidae) adults invade pasta packaged in polypropylene pouches. in the damaged packages, both species entered through the breaks i ... | 2008 | 18613606 |
| immediate and delayed mortality of rhyzopertha dominica (coleoptera: bostrichidae) and sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae) adults exposed to spinosad-treated commodities. | a series of tests was conducted to characterize differences in the mortality of the lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f.) (coleoptera: bostrichidae), and rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), exposed to three commodities treated with a liquid and dry spinosad formulation. in laboratory bioassays, adults of the two insect species were exposed to untreated wheat, triticum aestivum l., corn, zea mays l., and sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench., and to commoditie ... | 2008 | 18613608 |
| formation of the karyosome in developing oocytes of weevils (coleoptera, curculionidae). | a complex structure termed the karyosome forms in the nuclei of the developing oocytes of anthonomus pomorum, hylobius abietis and phyllobius sp. (coleoptera: curculionidae). it is composed of highly condensed chromosomes, fused with an electron-dense granular material. there are two types of nuclear body associated with the karyosome. the smaller bodies are found in the immediate vicinity of the karyosome. the larger, and more electron-dense, bodies originate next to the condensing chromosomes. ... | 1999 | 18627875 |
| [identification of host plants of the avocado borer, stenoma catenifer walsingham (lepidoptera: elachistidae) in rio grande do sul]. | fruits of nectandra megapotamica mez and cinnamomum camphora (l.) (lauraceae) were collected in rio grande do sul, brazil, in 2004. species of five families of insects were found inside the fruits: two fly species (diptera: drosophilidae: drosophila spp.), six beetle species, heilipus sp., conotrachelus sp. (curculionidae), hypothenemus sp. (scolytidae) and three species of carpophilus (nitidulidae), and moths (lepidoptera: elachistidae). the moth especimes were identified as stenoma catenifer w ... | 2008 | 18641908 |
| massive presence of insertion sequences in the genome of sope, the primary endosymbiont of the rice weevil sitophilus oryzae. | bacteria that establish an obligate intracellular relationship with eukaryotic hosts undergo an evolutionary genomic reductive process. recent studies have shown an increase in the number of mobile elements in the first stage of the adaptive process towards intracellular life, although these elements are absent in ancient endosymbionts. here, the genome of sope, the obligate mutualistic endosymbiont of rice weevils, was used as a model to analyze the initial events that occur after symbiotic int ... | 2008 | 18683631 |
| ophiostoma gemellus and sporothrix variecibatus from mites infesting protea infructescences in south africa. | ophiostoma (ophiostomatales) represents a large genus of fungi mainly known from associations with bark beetles (curculionidae: scolytinae) infesting conifers in the northern hemisphere. few southern hemisphere native species are known, and the five species that consistently occur in the infructescences of protea spp. in south africa are ecologically unusual. little is known about the vectors of ophiostoma spp. from protea infructescences, however recent studies have considered the possible role ... | 2008 | 18751556 |
| nuclear and mitochondrial sequences confirm complex colonization patterns and clear species boundaries for flightless weevils in the galápagos archipelago. | nuclear sequence data were collected from endemic galápagos species and an introduced close relative, and contrasted with mitochondrial dna sequences, continuing investigation into the colonization history and modes of diversification in the weevil genus galapaganus. the current combined phylogeny together with previously published penalized likelihood age estimates builds a complex picture of the archipelago's colonization history. the present reconstruction relies on submerged platforms to exp ... | 2008 | 18765362 |
| effect of irradiation on mating ability in the male sweetpotato weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the sterile insect technique (sit) is widely used for suppressing or eradicating target pest insect populations. the effectiveness of sit depends on the ability of released sterile males to mate with and inseminate wild females. irradiation is the effective manner to sterilize mass-reared insects. the negative impacts of this procedure are not limited to damage on reproductive cells. gamma-radiation damages the epithelial tissue of midgut, which affects the alimentation in insects. irradiated ma ... | 2008 | 18767728 |
| synergistic blends of monoterpenes for aggregation pheromones of the mountain pine beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the superiority of the host monoterpene myrcene as a synergist for trans-verbenol and exo-brevicomin, aggregation pheromone components of the mountain pine beetle, dendroctonus ponderosae hopkins (coleoptera: curculionidae), suggests that the ancestral host of the mountain pine beetle is a pine rich in myrcene. a field trapping experiment in british columbia testing reconstituted bole oleoresin of whitebark pine, pinus albicaulis engelmann, composed of mainly myrcene (20.7%), terpinolene (6.8%), ... | 2008 | 18767736 |
| biology and host associations of redbay ambrosia beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), exotic vector of laurel wilt killing redbay trees in the southeastern united states. | the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), and its fungal symbiont, raffaelea sp., are new introductions to the southeastern united states responsible for the wilt of mature redbay, persea borbonia (l.) spreng., trees. in 2006 and 2007, we investigated the seasonal flight activity of x. glabratus, its host associations, and population levels at eight locations in south carolina and georgia where infestations ranged from very recent to at lea ... | 2008 | 18767737 |
| odor-baited trap trees: a novel management tool for plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst) (coleoptera: curculionidae), one of the most important pests of apple (malus spp.) in eastern and central north america, historically has been managed in new england apple orchards by three full block insecticide applications. efforts to reduce insecticide inputs against plum curculio include perimeter row sprays, particularly after petal fall, to control immigrating adults. the odor-baited trap tree approach represents a new reduced input strat ... | 2008 | 18767740 |
| mitochondrial nucleotide variability in invasive populations of the root weevil diaprepes abbreviatus (coleoptera: curculionidae) of florida and preliminary assessment of diaprepes sp. from dominica. | diaprepes abbreviatus (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae) is a root weevil introduced into the united states from the caribbean in 1964. it is associated with >300 plants, including citrus, sugarcane, and potatoes. d. abbreviatus is widespread in florida, and it has recently been detected in limited areas of california and texas. the purpose of this research is to evaluate the utility of 16s ribosomal (16s rrna) and cytochrome oxidase i (coi) mitochondrial markers for the delineation of genetic pop ... | 2008 | 18767759 |
| identification of multiple ear-colonizing insect and disease resistance in cimmyt maize inbred lines with varying levels of silk maysin. | ninety four corn inbred lines selected from international center for the improvement of maize and wheat (cimmyt) in mexico were evaluated for levels of silk maysin in 2001 and 2002. damage by major ear-feeding insects [i.e., corn earworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie) (lepidoptera: noctuidae); maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais (motschulsky) (coleoptera: curculionidae); brown stink bug, euschistus servus (say); southern green stink bugs, nezara viridula (l.) (heteroptera: pentatomidae)], and common smu ... | 2008 | 18767760 |
| pine weevil feeding on norway spruce bark has a stronger impact on needle voc emissions than enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation. | plants can respond physiologically to damaging ultraviolet-b radiation by altering leaf chemistry, especially uv absorbing phenolic compounds. however, the effects on terpene emissions have received little attention. we conducted two field trials in plots with supplemented uv-b radiation and assessed the influence of feeding by pine weevils, hylobius abietis l., on volatile emissions from 3-year old norway spruce trees (picea abies l. karst.). we collected emissions from branch tips distal to th ... | 2009 | 18775595 |
| biogeography of the fauna of french polynesia: diversification within and between a series of hot spot archipelagos. | the islands of french polynesia cover an area the size of europe, though total land area is smaller than rhode island. each hot spot archipelago (societies, marquesas, australs) is chronologically arranged. with the advent of molecular techniques, relatively precise estimations of timing and source of colonization have become feasible. we compile data for the region, first examining colonization (some lineages dispersed from the west, others from the east). within archipelagos, blackflies (simul ... | 2008 | 18782725 |
| using automated flight mills to manipulate fat reserves in douglas-fir beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae). | because current techniques for quantifying fat, the main fuel used for flight in insects, are destructive, researchers are limited to only one direct measure of fat per specimen. this limitation is problematic for studies aimed at assessing whether fat loss through flight influences subsequent behavioral activity. to overcome this problem, we used body volume, body mass, emergence day, and brood density as parameters in a multiple regression model to predict initial fat levels in female douglas- ... | 2008 | 18801248 |
| mycobiota associated with the ambrosia beetle scolytodes unipunctatus (coleoptera: curculionidae, scolytinae). | ambrosia beetles (coleoptera: scolytinae) are associated with strictly entomochoric and mutualistic fungi. we studied the mycobiota associated with scolytodes unipunctatus, ambrosia beetles that infest cecropia trees in central america. isolates were characterized using morphology and rdna sequences (its region, lsu, and ssu rdna). four species are described here: raffaelea scolytodis sp. nov. (ophiostomatales), gondwanamyces scolytodis sp. nov., custingophora cecropiae sp. nov., and graphium sp ... | 2009 | 18801429 |
| studies on the toxicity of acetone, acrolein and carbon dioxide on stored-product insects and wheat seed. | in laboratory experiments toxicity of acetone, acrolein and carbon dioxide were investigated against 4 species of stored-product insects. in all experiments, acrolein was the most toxic compound to the tested insects. in empty-space trials, estimated ld50 values of acrolein for adults of tribolium castaneum (herbst) (tenebrionidae), rhizopertha dominica (f.) (bostrychidae), sitophilus oryzae l. (curculionidae) and oryzaephilus surinamensis l. (silvanidae) were 7.26, 6.09, 6.37 and 5.65 microl l( ... | 2008 | 18810963 |
| phylogeography of the bark beetle dendroctonus mexicanus hopkins (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae). | dendroctonus mexicanus is polyphagous within the pinus genus and has a wide geographical distribution in mexico and guatemala. we examined the pattern of genetic variation across the range of this species to explore its demographic history and its phylogeographic pattern. analysis of the mtdna sequences of 173 individuals from 25 mexican populations allowed to us identify 53 geographically structured haplotypes. high haplotype and low nucleotide diversities and tajima's d indicate that d. mexica ... | 2008 | 18824110 |
| rapd and mitochondrial dna analysis of the soybean stalk weevil, sternechus subsignatus (coleoptera: curculionidae). | sternechus subsignatus boheman (curculionidae: sternechini) is one of the primary curculionidae species that reduces soybean yield in brazil. initially, outbreaks were reported in southern brazil in 1973; but, more recent, outbreaks were reported in bahia (summer 1997-1998) and maranhão (summer 2003-2004), two states in northeastern brazil. a putative related species, s. pinguis (fabricius), was first detected in salta province, argentina. the objective of this study was to evaluate intraspecifi ... | 2008 | 18826663 |
| the toxicities of three petroleum oils to the grain weevils. | | 1947 | 18901084 |
| multiple-species natural enemy approach for biological control of alfalfa snout beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae) using entomopathogenic nematodes. | multiple-species natural enemy approach for the biological control of the alfalfa snout beetle, otiorhynchus ligustici (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), was compared with using single-species of natural enemies in the alfalfa ecosystem by using entomopathogenic nematodes with different dispersal and foraging behaviors. steinernema carpocapsae ny001 (ambush nematode), heterorhabditis bacteriophora oswego (cruiser nematode), and steinernema feltiae valko (intermediate nematode) were applied in sin ... | 2008 | 18950034 |
| cotton harvest at 40% versus 75% boll-splitting on yield and economic return under standard and proactive boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) spray regimes. | the standard practice of two or three preemptive insecticide applications at the start of pinhead (1-2-mm-diameter) squaring followed by threshold-triggered (when 10% of randomly selected squares have oviposition punctures) insecticide applications for boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman (coleoptera: curculionidae), control does not provide reliable protection of cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., lint production. this study, conducted during 2004 and 2005, showed that three to six fewer ... | 2008 | 18950042 |
| early-season aerial adult colonization and ground activity of pea leaf weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) in pea as influenced by tillage system. | the pea leaf weevil, sitona lineatus (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), is an important pest of pea, pisum sativum l., in northern idaho. previous research revealed greater relative pea leaf weevil abundance and feeding damage in peas grown using conventional-tillage compared with no-tillage practices. however, the effects of tillage practices on early season colonization and activity by the pea leaf weevil on pea are not fully understood. aerial traps and pitfall traps were used to assess adult ... | 2008 | 18950043 |
| transposable element loads in a bacterial symbiont of weevils are extremely variable. | not only are transposable elements profuse in the bacterial endosymbiont of maize weevils, but we found that their quantities also vary approximately 10-fold among individual weevils. because multicopy elements can facilitate homologous recombination, this insertion sequence (is) load variability suggests that these essentially asexual bacteria may exhibit substantial intraspecific genomic variation. | 2008 | 18952872 |
| quorum sensing primes the oxidative stress response in the insect endosymbiont, sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius, a maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont of tsetse flies (glossina spp.), uses an acylated homoserine lactone (ahl)-based quorum sensing system to modulate gene expression in accordance with bacterial cell density. the s. glossinidius quorum sensing system relies on the function of two regulatory proteins; sogi (a luxi homolog) synthesizes a signaling molecule, characterized as n-(3-oxohexanoyl) homoserine lactone (ohhl), and sogr1 (a luxr homolog) interacts with ohh ... | 2008 | 18958153 |
| detection of gamma radiation-induced dna damage in maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais motschulsky (coleoptera: curculionidae) assessed using the comet assay. | the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) comet assay, being a quick, simple, sensitive, reliable and fairly inexpensive method for measuring dna strand breaks, has been used to assess dna damage caused by gamma radiation in developmental stages of maize weevil sitophilus zeamais motschulsky. | 2008 | 18979316 |
| competition and intraguild predation between the braconid parasitoid bracon hylobii and the entomopathogenic nematode heterorhabditis downesi, natural enemies of the large pine weevil, hylobius abietis. | in biological control programmes introduced natural enemies compete with indigenous enemies for hosts and may also engage in intraguild predation when two species competing for the same prey attack and consume one another. the large pine weevil, hylobius abietis l. (coleoptera: curculionidae), is an important pest of coniferous reforestation in europe. among its natural enemies, the parasitoid bracon hylobii ratz. (hymenoptera: braconidae) and entomopathogenic nematodes have potential as biologi ... | 2009 | 19006580 |
| natural history studies for the preliminary evaluation of larinus filiformis (coleoptera: curculionidae) as a prospective biological control agent of yellow starthistle. | we studied the life history, geographic distribution, behavior, and ecology of larinus filiformis petri (coleoptera: curculionidae) in its native range to determine whether it is worthy of further evaluation as a classical biological control agent of yellow starthistle, centaurea solstitialis (asteraceae: cardueae). larinus filiformis occurs in armenia, azerbaijan, turkey, and bulgaria and has been reared only from c. solstitialis. at field sites in central and eastern turkey, adults were well s ... | 2008 | 19036197 |
| potential of two entomopathogenic nematodes for suppression of plum curculio (conotrachelus nenuphar, coleoptera: curculionidae) life stages in northern climates. | plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar, is a major pest of pome and stone fruits in north america. we evaluated the potential efficacy of two entomopathogenic nematode species for suppression of plum curculio in northern regions, targeting life stages that reside in soil during spring and summer. a strain of heterorhabditis bacteriophora isolated from soil infested with plum curculio in northern utah and a commercially available strain of steinernema feltiae known to tolerate cool temperatures we ... | 2008 | 19036207 |
| effects of prior experience on host selection and host utilization by two populations of anisopteromalus calandrae (hymenoptera: pteromalidae). | the effect of adult learning through an oviposition and host feeding experience was studied in two populations of anisopteromalus calandrae (hymenoptera: pteromalidae), in choice and no-choice experiments in the laboratory using last instars of rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae l., and lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f.), as hosts. in choice experiments, 20 wheat kernels infested by rice weevil and 20 by lesser grain borer were placed randomly in petri dish (15 by 100 mm) arenas. in no-ch ... | 2008 | 19036210 |
| karyotype analysis of three weevil species from the genera brachysomus (boheman, 1845) and strophosoma billberg, 1820 (coleoptera, curculionidae). | karyotypes of three weevil species, viz. brachysomus dispar (2n=22, n males = 10 + x(y(p))), brachysomus hirtus (3n=33, n females = 10 + x) and strophosoma faber (2n=22, n males = 10 + x(y(p))) belonging to the tribes sciaphilini and brachyderini, were studied using the c-banding technique. the karyotype structures of the two bisexual and one parthenogenetic species are described for the first time. most chromosomes are meta- or submetacentric. in the two species of the genus brachysomus, the ch ... | 2008 | 19055021 |
| karyotypes and chromosome rearrangements in two tribes of weevils (coleoptera, curculionidae: sciaphilini and braehydrini). | a description of karyotypes in two tribes of weevils, sciaphilini and brachyderini, was carried out with a discussion on the main trends of chromosomal evolution occurring in these groups. some important cytological characteristics, such as chromosome morphology, sex determination type, pattern of male meiosis, b chromosome occurrence, as well as c-heterochromatin, nor localization, and fluorochrome at and gc specific staining are presented. the chromosome numbers and morphology in the two tribe ... | 2008 | 19055051 |
| [occurrence of weevils (insecta: coleoptera) in pet food traded in the metropolitan region of recife, pernambuco state, brazil]. | with the purpose of verifying the occurrence of insect pests in dog food commercialized in the metropolitan region of recife, samples from 15 different pet stores were submitted to the extraction of insects in a berlese-tullgren apparatus. tribolium castaneum (herbst) (tenebrionidae) (55.2%) was the most frequent specie followed by oryzaephilus surinamensis (l.) (cucujidae) (31.3%), rhyzopertha dominica (fabricius) (bostrichidae) (8.9%) and lasioderma serricorne (fabricius) (anobiidae) (4.7%), a ... | 2008 | 19061049 |
| [infestation of pseudopiazurus papayanus (marshall) (coleoptera: curculionidae) on carica spp. and vasconcella spp. genotypes]. | the papaya borer weevil, pseudopiazurus papayanus (marshall), is generally considered a secondary pest, but it has been reported in high infestations in northeast brazil. this work aimed at evaluating the occurrence of p. papayanus and reporting its infestation level in papaya genotypes kept at the germplasm bank of embrapa cassava & tropical fruits (cruz das almas, bahia, brazil). the number of larvae, pupae and adults found in each plant of 65 carica spp. genotypes and of three vasconcella spp ... | 2008 | 19061052 |
| effect of spinosad on adults of tribolium castaneum (col: tenebrionidae) and sitophilus oryzae (col: curculionidae). | toxicity of spinosad on adults of tribolium castaneum herbst (col: tenebrionidae) and sitophilus oryzae l. (col: curculionidae) at different temperatures and exposure intervals was evaluated. a commercial formulation of spinosad, tracer was used, against 7-14-day-old adults of rice weevil and red flour beetle. bioassays were conducted at 24, 28 and 32 degrees c and 65+/-5% rh. mortality was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment. spinosad was diluted with water for making appropriate dosages ... | 2007 | 19070123 |
| genetic profiling to determine potential origins of boll weevils (coleoptera: curculionidae) captured in a texas eradication zone: endemicity, immigration, or sabotage? | thirty-seven boll weevils, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman (coleoptera: curculionidae), were captured in pheromone traps near lubbock, tx, in the southern high plains/caprock eradication zone during august-october 2006. no boll weevils had been captured in this zone or neighboring zones to the north earlier in the year, and only very low numbers had been captured in neighboring zones to the south and east. therefore, the captures near lubbock were unexpected. five of the weevils captured the ... | 2008 | 19133449 |
| high release rate 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one dispensers prevent douglas-fir beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae) infestation of live douglas-fir. | the douglas-fir beetle, dendroctonus pseudotsugae hopkins (coleoptera: curculionidae), antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (mch), has been used by natural resource managers and landowners to protect high-value, high-risk trees from douglas-fir beetle infestation throughout the western united states since 2000. labor is a major portion of the cost of mch treatments. mch is applied by walking through treatment areas and stapling the formulated pheromone in bubble capsules to tre ... | 2008 | 19133463 |
| effects of a killed-cover crop mulching system on sweetpotato production, soil pests, and insect predators in south carolina. | sweetpotatoes, ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. (convolvulaceae), are typically grown on bare soil where weeds and erosion can be serious problems. conservation tillage systems using cover crop residues as mulch can help reduce these problems, but little is known about how conservation tillage affects yield and quality of sweetpotato or how these systems impact populations of beneficial and pest insects. therefore, field experiments were conducted at the u.s. vegetable laboratory, charleston, sc, in 20 ... | 2008 | 19133469 |
| toxicity of cassia and cinnamon oil compounds and cinnamaldehyde-related compounds to sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the toxicity to adult sitophilus oryzae (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae) of two cassia oils (especial and true), four cinnamon oils (technical, #500, bark, and green leaf), and (e)-cinnamaldehyde and its 41 structurally related compounds was examined by residual and vapor-phase toxicity bioassays. results were compared with those of dichlorvos. in residual bioassays, cassia and cinnamon oils exhibited good insecticidal activity. based on 48-h ld50 values, the toxicity of allyl cinnmate (0.0003 m ... | 2008 | 19133480 |
| infestation and population dynamics of insects on stored cassava and yams chips in benin, west africa. | natural insect infestation in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz subspecies esculenta) and yam (dioscorea spp.) chips was evaluated during two consecutive storage seasons (2003-2004 and 2004-2005) in two agroecological zones of benin (northern guinea savanna [ngs] and sudan savanna [ss]). the insects infesting chips were collected, identified, and counted, they included prostephanus truncatus (horn) (coleoptera: bostrychidae), cathartus quadricollis (guerin) (coleoptera: silvanidae), carpophilus ... | 2008 | 19133481 |
| development of an efficient pheromone-based trapping method for the banana root borer cosmopolites sordidus. | the banana root borer cosmopolites sordidus (germar) (coleoptera: curculionidae) is a major pest of bananas throughout the world. chemical control is both undesirable and expensive, where biological control alternatives are limited, and pheromone-based trapping results in low captures. in this study, several important factors that affect pheromone-based catches, such as trap type, trap dimensions, and color and position of the traps, were optimized. ground traps were found to be superior to ramp ... | 2009 | 19139959 |
| modeling embryo development of sitona discoideus gyllenhal (coleoptera: curculionidae) under constant temperature. | the alfalfa root weevil, sitona discoideus (coleoptera: curculionidae), is an important pest of alfalfa. the developmental rates of the embryo development were recorded at eight constant temperatures ranging from 8.5 to 30 degrees c. using 10 models (1 linear and 9 nonlinear), we evaluated the relationship between constant temperature and developmental rate. embryo development was shortest (8.5 d) and longest (69 d), at 28 and 8.5 degrees c, respectively. the threshold temperature (t0) and the t ... | 2008 | 19161679 |
| effects of photoperiod on boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) development, survival, and reproduction. | effects of photoperiod on development, survival, feeding, and oviposition of boll weevils, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman, were assessed under five different photophases (24, 14, 12, 10, and 0 h) at a constant 27 degrees c temperature and 65% rh in the laboratory. analyses of our results detected positive relationships between photoperiod and puncturing (mean numbers of oviposition and feeding punctures per day), and oviposition (oviposition punctures/oviposition+feeding punctures) activitie ... | 2008 | 19161681 |