| flagellates in the malpighian tubules of laboratory-bred lutzomyia longipalpis fed on a hamster experimentally infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | as a preparatory stage for a study aiming at identifying the species and subspecies of local leishmania in naturally infected sandflies through immunoradiometric assay with monoclonal antibodies, we tried to obtain experimental infections of phlebotomines with well characterized stocks of parasites, in order to test the effectiveness of the method. | 1985 | 3837172 |
| lutzomyia gasparviannai martins, godoy & silva, 1962, probable vector of leishmania mexicana ssp. in viana municipality, espírito santo state, brazil. | | 1985 | 3837837 |
| ultrastructure of the mitotic nucleus in leishmania mexicana sp. tridimensional reconstruction of the mitotic spindle and dense plaques. | | 1985 | 3842478 |
| receptor-mediated entry of peroxidases into the parasitophorous vacuoles of macrophages infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | leishmania amastigotes, obligatory parasites of macrophages, lodge and multiply within long-lived phagolysosomelike "parasitophorous vacuoles" (pv). the glycoprotein horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was shown, by light and electron microscopic cytochemistry, to enter the pvs of rat in vitro-derived bone marrow macrophages infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis. uptake was obtained both in preinfected macrophages incubated with hrp and in macrophages pulsed with hrp, infected, and further incu ... | 1985 | 3855437 |
| hypergammaglobulinaemia in leishmania donovani infected hamsters: possible association with a polyclonal activator of b cells and with suppression of t cell function. | studies were carried out on the mechanisms by which b lymphocytes are polyclonally activated to secrete antibodies during visceral leishmaniasis. crude extracts of leishmania donovani, the aetiological agent of this disease, of leishmania mexicana amazonensis, the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and of herpetomonas muscarum, a related non-pathogenic organism, all contain components which cause strong in vitro polyclonal activation of hamster spleen cells leading to the production o ... | 1985 | 3872189 |
| killing of trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania mexicana, and survival of toxoplasma gondii, in chicken macrophages in vitro. | the interaction between trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi, amastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana and tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii with chicken macrophages, obtained by cultivation of blood monocytes, was studied. mouse macrophages were used for comparative purposes. all three protozoa are ingested by chicken macrophages. however, only t. gondii survives within cytoplasmic vacuoles. trypomastigotes of t. cruzi and amastigotes of l. mexicana are destroyed within endocytic vacuoles of ... | 1985 | 3894681 |
| end products and enzyme levels of aerobic glucose fermentation in trypanosomatids. | trypanosoma cruzi (epimastigotes), crithidia fasciculata and leishmania mexicana (promastigotes) were grown in a brain-heart-tryptose medium supplemented with heat-inactivated fetal calf serum. t. cruzi and c. fasciculata utilized glucose completely during the log phase of growth, whereas l. mexicana used significant amounts of the carbohydrate only at the end of the log phase and at the beginning of the stationary phase. in all cases glucose consumption resulted in excretion of succinate, and m ... | 1985 | 3903497 |
| immunoregulatory pathways in murine leishmaniasis: different regulatory control during leishmania mexicana mexicana and leishmania major infections. | the effect of whole body sublethal gamma irradiation on the subsequent growth of leishmania mexicana mexicana and leishmania major was studied in cba/ca and balb/c mice. whereas balb/c mice are highly susceptible to both parasites developing non healing progressively growing lesions at the site of cutaneous infection, cba/ca mice develop small healing cutaneous ulcers following subcutaneous infection with l. major but non healing lesions following subcutaneous infection with l.m. mexicana. prior ... | 1985 | 3907906 |
| a focus of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in três braços, bahia, brazil: characterization and identification of leishmania stocks isolated from man and dogs. | the characterization and identification to species and subspecies of 20 stocks of leishmania isolated from the region of três braços, bahia, brazil, are described: 17 stocks were from patients and three from dogs. the following techniques were used (i) biological (growth in culture, hamster tissues and phlebotomine gut), (ii) biochemical (isoenzyme and kinetoplast dna analysis) and (iii) immunological (using monoclonal antibodies). all except two stocks belong to the l. braziliensis complex. one ... | 1985 | 3909556 |
| a mr 90 000 surface polypeptide of trypanosoma cruzi as a candidate for a chagas' disease diagnostic antigen. | trypanosoma cruzi (peru strain) trypomastigotes and epimastigotes were biosynthetically labeled with [35s]methionine, and the proteins were analyzed by two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2d-page). 2d-page analysis of the trypomastigotes showed a complex array of polypeptides with distinct clusters at mr 88 000-92 000, isoelectric point (pi) 5.6-6.0, and mr 72 000-76 000, pi 5.6-5.8. 2d-page analysis of the epimastigotes did not show the cluster of polypeptides at mr 90 000. when ... | 1985 | 3932849 |
| [efficacy of the vaccination of c57bl/6 mice against infection with different species of leishmania]. | antigens were isolated from lysates of promastigotes of leishmania infantum by electro-elution from polyacrylamide gels. antigens with respective molecular weights for f2 = 94-67 kd; f5 = 30-20 kd and f6 below 20 kd, were injected intravenously in c 57 bl/6 mice. the immune sera were studied by indirect immunofluorescence; an in vivo test showed their inhibitory effect on the life cycle of several leishmania species from the old and the new world. furthermore, mice immunized with f2, f5 or f6 we ... | 1985 | 3936605 |
| purine phosphoribosyltransferases of leishmania mexicana mexicana and other flagellate protozoa. | amastigotes and cultured promastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana and l. m. amazonensis, cultured promastigotes of l. donovani and l. tarentolae, and the culture forms of crithidia fasciculata, herpetomonas muscarum muscarum and h. m. ingenoplastis all possessed four phosphoribosyltransferase (prtase) activities: adenine prtase, hypoxanthine prtase, guanine prtase and xanthine prtase. the enzymes of l. m. mexicana required divalent cations for activity; mn2+ or co2+ produced maximal activit ... | 1985 | 3937660 |
| flagellate infections of brazilian sand flies (diptera: psychodidae): isolation in vitro and biochemical identification of endotrypanum and leishmania. | flagellate infections were found in 1,063 of 18,895 sand flies collected in the states of amazonas, pará, rondonia and acre, brazil. infection rates were 13.4% (species group shannoni); 7.5% (subgenus nyssomyia); 6.7% (subgenus lutzomyia series cruciata); 0.5% (genus psychodopygus) and 3.1% for other sand flies (various subgenera). leishmania braziliensis guyanensis and l. mexicana amazonensis were isolated, respectively, from the known vectors, lutzomyia umbratilis and l. flaviscutellata. singl ... | 1985 | 3938924 |
| selection of a skin test antigen for american visceral leishmaniasis. | studies were designed to examine skin test responses to leishmanial antigens in american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) in brazil. we found that after recovery from avl, patients had positive delayed hypersensitivity reactions to leishmania. different amounts of a soluble extract obtained from leishmania donovani chagasi promastigotes were compared with whole l. d. chagasi promastigotes in persons with past avl. the most effective soluble preparations tested contained 25 and 50 micrograms leishman ... | 1986 | 3946739 |
| the involvement of the major surface glycoprotein (gp63) of leishmania promastigotes in attachment to macrophages. | the interaction between the macrophage and the parasite plays a central role in the continued success of leishmania infection. the promastigote surface ligand, and its complementary macrophage membrane receptor, involved in attachment and phagocytosis are likely to exert considerable influence over the outcome of a new infection. in this study, we report experiments pertaining to one such parasite membrane protein. initial examination of promastigote surface proteins by radiolabeling and two-dim ... | 1986 | 3950420 |
| destruction of leishmania mexicana amazonensis amastigotes within macrophages by lysosomotropic amino acid esters. | leishmania amastigotes parasitize almost exclusively the mononuclear phagocytes of mammals. the organisms survive and multiply within acidified vacuoles (parasitophorous vacuoles; p.v.) akin to phagolysosomes. certain amino acid esters are known to accumulate in and disrupt lysosomes. we postulated that, since leishmania possess lysosome-like organelles, they may be susceptible to the potentially high ester concentrations attained in the p.v. we report here that l-amino acid esters can rapidly d ... | 1986 | 3950542 |
| electrophoretic analysis of the polypeptides of leishmania amastigotes and promastigotes. | the polypeptides of leishmania mexicana mexicana (m379), l. m. amazonensis (lv78), l. major (lv39) and l. d. donovani (lv39) amastigotes and cultured promastigotes have been analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the polypeptide banding patterns of the promastigotes of the four species were quite similar, but distinct differences were detected between those of amastigotes. the results suggest that the various species of leishmania are adapted differently for survival and growth in t ... | 1986 | 3956174 |
| cytochemical localization of acid phosphatase in leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | acid phosphatase was cytochemically detected at the ultrastructural level in infective and non-infective promastigotes and in amastigotes of the parasitic protozoan leishmania mexicana amazonensis. cerium chloride was used as the capture agent of the phosphate liberated during the hydrolysis of the substrate (na-beta-glycerophosphate). reaction product, indicative of enzyme activity, was seen in the outer face of the plasma membrane of many, but not all, infective and noninfective promastigote f ... | 1986 | 3959150 |
| human cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired in texas. | four cases of autochthonous human cutaneous leishmaniasis have been identified in south-central texas since 1980. the patients presented with chronic ulcerating papules on the face, earlobe, and lateral thigh. in two patients, the infections healed without treatment. in the other two patients, the lesions healed following treatment with intramuscular sodium stibogluconate or topical antimony potassium tartrate. serologic testing of family members, using four different techniques, indicates that ... | 1985 | 3970310 |
| purification of particulate malate dehydrogenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from leishmania mexicana mexicana. | the particulate activities of leishmania mexicana mexicana amastigote malate dehydrogenase (l-malate:nad+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.37) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (atp:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (transphosphorylating) ec 4.1.1.49) have been purified to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity by hydrophobic interaction chromatography using phenyl-sepharose cl-4b, affinity chromatography using 5'amp-sepharose 4b, and gel filtration using sephadex g-100. malate dehydrogenase was purified 150 ... | 1985 | 3970941 |
| leishmania mexicana pifanoi: in vivo and in vitro interactions between amastigotes and macrophages. | macrophages of the cell line j774 were used in a comparative study of virulence involving amastigote stages of leishmania mexicana pifanoi isolated from macrophages (ama-m) of the aforementioned cell line, amastigote forms grown in the um-54-cell-free medium (ama-c), and promastigote stages. the macrophage cultures were inoculated with ama-m and ama-c at the culture cell to parasite ratios of 1:3, 1:5, and 1:10. the macrophages were exposed to either kind of amastigotes for 24, 48, and 72 h. at ... | 1985 | 3984450 |
| [the 2 first cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania mexicana amazonensis in french guiana]. | the authors report the two first proven cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania mexicana amazonensis in french guiana. they present some observations on the situation of cutaneous leishmaniasis epidemiology in this country. | 1985 | 3986952 |
| identification of a novel, thiol-containing co-factor essential for glutathione reductase enzyme activity in trypanosomatids. | soluble extracts of trypanosoma brucei, t. cruzi, leishmania mexicana and crithidia fasciculata contain a novel enzyme capable of reducing oxidized glutathione by nadph solely in the presence of an unidentified, dialyzable, heat stable co-factor. evidence is presented showing that co-factor contains enzymatically reducible thiol group(s), essential for activity. the co-factor is possibly unique to the kinetoplastida, since dialysate extracts from a wide selection of other organisms would not sub ... | 1985 | 3990705 |
| depletion of secondary lysosomes in mouse macrophages infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis: a cytochemical study. | leishmania amastigotes lodge and multiply within parasitophorous vacuoles, which can fuse with secondary lysosomes of the host macrophages. this study examines the effect of infection with amastigotes of l. mexicana amazonensis on the secondary lysosomes of mouse macrophage cultures. the cultures were stained for the activities of two lysosomal enzyme markers, acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase, and the light microscopic observations were supplemented by electron microscopy. nearly all noninfect ... | 1985 | 3993184 |
| isoenzyme patterns of leishmania isolates from colombia. | promastigotes from four cutaneous leishmaniasis cases from colombia were tested by cellulose acetate electrophoresis using nine enzyme systems. the isoenzyme profiles of the colombian isolates were indistinguishable from each other and from panamanian leishmania braziliensis panamensis controls, but were distinct from an isolate of leishmania braziliensis guyanensis from brazil and three isolates from the leishmania mexicana complex for the enzyme phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. | 1985 | 4003660 |
| [immunization of balb/c mice with cultured amastigotes of leishmania mexicana amazonensis: protection by gamma-irradiated parasites]. | | 1985 | 4012583 |
| fine structure and cytochemistry of the endoplasmic reticulum and its association with the plasma membrane of leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | promastigotes of leishmania mexicana amazonensis possess an elaborated system of cytoplasmic membranes which is clearly visualized when the cells are fixed in a glutaraldehyde solution containing ca++ and post-fixed in an osmium tetroxide solution containing ca++ and potassium ferricyanide. when the parasites are incubated in a medium containing glucose-6-phosphate and lead nitrate, reaction product indicative of glucose-6-phosphatase activity is seen in the membrane system confirming that it co ... | 1985 | 4020925 |
| transport of ethanolamine and its incorporation into the variant surface glycoprotein of bloodstream forms of trypanosoma brucei. | the membrane-attached form of the variant surface glycoprotein (mf-vsg) of bloodstream forms of trypanosoma brucei is anchored to the plasma membrane by a hydrophobic c-terminal lipo-oligosaccharide containing ethanolamine. analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that several different cloned t. brucei strains (strain eatro 110 and variants 117 and 118 of strain 427) incorporated [3h]ethanolamine into both mf-vsg and the soluble vsg derived from it, but not into other proteins. oth ... | 1985 | 4033688 |
| sterols of ketoconazole-inhibited leishmania mexicana mexicana promastigotes. | leishmania mexicana mexicana promastigotes grown with cholesterol, supplied in natural products as the free sterol and as cholesteryl esters, were exposed to [2-14c]mevalonate and to the antimycotic drug ketoconazole. growth was inhibited and cholesterol and 14 alpha-methyl sterols accumulated in free and esterified forms (cholesterol much greater than 4 alpha,14 alpha-dimethylcholesta-8,24-dien-3 beta-ol much greater than 14 alpha-methylcholesta-8,24-dien-3 beta-ol congruent to 14 alpha-methyle ... | 1985 | 4033689 |
| natural hosts of leishmania mexicana amazonensis lainson and shaw, 1972 (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) in french guiana. | | 1985 | 4035728 |
| development of infective stage leishmania promastigotes within phlebotomine sand flies. | midgut promastigotes were obtained from phlebotomus papatasi and lutzomyia longipalpis on days 3-7 after infection with cloned isolates of leishmania major and leishmania mexicana amazonensis, respectively, and examined as to their ability to initiate cutaneous infections in balb/c mice. sequential development of midgut promastigotes from a noninfective to an infective stage was confirmed for both the new world and old world species. the generation of infective promastigotes from rapidly dividin ... | 1985 | 4039899 |
| subcellular localisation of purine-metabolising enzymes in leishmania mexicana mexicana. | leishmania mexicana mexicana cultured promastigotes were fractionated by isopycnic centrifugation on linear sucrose gradients. guanine, hypoxanthine and xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activities were found to be associated with glycosomes, whereas adenine phosphoribosyltransferase was cytosolic. 3'- and 5'-nucleotidases and imp dehydrogenase were shown to be particulate, the former two possibly being associated with the plasma membrane, imp dehydrogenase with the endoplasmic reticulum. nucle ... | 1985 | 4042622 |
| effect of the allylamine antifungal drug sf 86-327 on the growth and sterol synthesis of leishmania mexicana mexicana promastigotes. | | 1985 | 4052119 |
| use of excreted factors of leishmania mexicana in serodiagnosis of kala-azar--a preliminary communication. | | 1985 | 4054963 |
| heme requirement and acquisition by extracellular and intracellular stages of leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | the inability to synthesize heme, a well known metabolic defect of trypanosomatid protozoa, accounts for their growth requirement for heme compounds in vitro. we now extend this finding to a pathogen leishmania mexicana amazonensis, especially the intracellular replicative stage of amastigotes in the macrophage. we measured the level of heme and its biosynthetic enzymes, aminolevulinate dehydratase and porphobilinogen deaminase in the parasites and in infected and non-infected macrophages of j77 ... | 1985 | 4058483 |
| [current aspects of endemic mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil]. | mucocutaneous leishmaniasis has a large incidence in brazil. biochemical, immunological and biological studies have characterized three disease agents: leishmania mexicana amazonensis, leishmania brasiliensis guyanensis and leishmania brasiliensis brasiliensis; these have distinct geographical distributions. the last one is the most common and is the most difficult to treat. destructive mucosal lesions can occur days, months or years after the cutaneous lesions. the montenegro intradermal test, ... | 1985 | 4066323 |
| amine production by leishmania mexicana. | growing promastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana excreted large amounts of urea and ammonia into the culture medium. both promastigotes and amastigotes in short-term, high-density cultures also produced urea and ammonia; the excretion rate was higher in promastigotes. putrescine was excreted by growing promastigotes but spermine and spermidine excretion apparently did not occur. both promastigote and amastigote cell extracts contained putrescine and spermidine. both polyamines, but especial ... | 1985 | 4073994 |
| role of immunosuppression in leishmania mexicana induced lesions in hamsters. | | 1985 | 4077160 |
| [the taxonomic status of leishmania garnhami, indicated by its pattern of development in the vector]. | under experimental conditions, the developmental pattern of leishmania garnhami in its vector lutzomyia townsendi, was established following daily dissections between the 1st and the 12th day post-infection. l. garnhami succeeded in establishing initial infections in any of the gut regions and in the malpighian tubules of infected sandflies. similar behavior was observed in infected lu. longipalpis. the distribution of l. garnhami in the digestive tract of infected flies, is different to that ob ... | 1985 | 4088042 |
| [effect of sex hormones on experimental infections induced by a strain of leishmania mexicana amazonensis from venezuela]. | | 1985 | 4095406 |
| fate of leishmania mexicana amastigotes in cultured mouse macrophages. | | 1974 | 4417248 |
| the suppressive effect of trypanosoma brucei on the growth of leishmania mexicana in mice. | | 1974 | 4424335 |
| proceedings: infection of cells of low phagocytic ability by promastigote forms of leishmania mexicana mexicana. | | 1974 | 4479409 |
| infection of tissue culture cells of low phagocytic ability by leishmania mexicana mexicana. | | 1974 | 4614724 |
| [experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. 3. comparative pathology of infection by leishmania brazilensis, leishmania mexicana, and leishmania tropica in laboratory animals]. | | 1972 | 4625127 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil. vi. observations on the seasonal variations of lutzomyia flaviscutellata in different types of forest and its relationship to enzootic rodent leishmaniasis (leishmania mexicana amazonensis). | | 1972 | 4647642 |
| letter: further evidence of the rôle of lutzomyia flaviscutellata (mangabeira) as the vector of leishmania mexicana amazonensis in brazil. | | 1973 | 4785465 |
| proceedings: inhibition of macrophage invasion by leishmania mexicana promastigotes using cytochalasin b. | | 1974 | 4818664 |
| characterization of antigens from leishmania mexicana grown in dialysate culture. | | 1969 | 5361599 |
| [phlebotomus flaviscutellatus, natural transmitter of leishmania mexicana]. | | 1967 | 5598515 |
| [study of the ultrastructure and the biology of leishmania mexicana biagi 1953. ii. the rosette forms]. | | 1967 | 5631024 |
| [study of the ultrastructure and biology of leishmania mexicana biagi 1953. i. the modifications which occur at the time of leishmania-leptomonas transformation]. | | 1967 | 5631296 |
| the discovery of the vector of leishmania mexicana. | | 1968 | 5659239 |
| observations on the susceptibility of white mice to infection with leishmania mexicana following whole-body x-irradiation. | | 1968 | 5703699 |
| experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. ii. the pathology of leishmaniasis by leishmania mexicana. | | 1965 | 5847620 |
| experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. i. infection of albino mice and syrian hamsters by leishmania mexicana. | | 1965 | 5892041 |
| the epidemiology of dermal leishmansiasis in british honduras. 3. the transmission of leishmania mexicana to man by phlebotomus pessoanus, with observations on the development of the parasite in different species of phlebotomus. | | 1966 | 5922608 |
| studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis. 3. on the cross-immunity between panamanian cutaneous leishmaniasis and leishmania mexicana infection in man. | | 1966 | 5955123 |
| experimental transmission of leishmania mexicana by lutzomyia cruciata. | | 1966 | 5971136 |
| effects of ketoconazole on growth and sterol biosynthesis of leishmania mexicana promastigotes in culture. | ketoconazole, a clinically effective antimycotic agent active in vitro against the amastigote stage of leishmania mexicana walter reed 227 in human monocyte-derived macrophages, was found to inhibit growth and impair sterol biosynthesis of the cultured promastigote stage by approx. 50% at a concentration of approx. 10(-8)m. sterol biosynthesis was interfered with at the level of the removal of the 14 alpha-methyl group of lanosterol, as judged by changes in the distribution of [2-14c]mevalonate ... | 1984 | 6087138 |
| accumulation of [125sb]sodium stibogluconate by leishmania mexicana amazonensis and leishmania donovani in vitro. | | 1981 | 6108831 |
| potentiating action of rifampicin and isoniazid against leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | the treatment of the complex of diseases known as leishmaniasis, caused by infection with protozoal parasites, is often unsatisfactory. the response to chemotherapy depends not only on the species of infecting leishmania but also on the immune reactions of the host. this creates difficulties in evaluating any new drug in clinical trials. in a brazilian patient with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, which classical antileishmanial drugs had failed to cure, antituberculous therapy of an intercurren ... | 1981 | 6112485 |
| temperature-induced in vitro transformation of leishmania mexicana. i. ultrastructural comparison of culture-transformed and intracellular amastigotes. | promastigotes of leishmania mexicana growing exponentially in vitro at 26 degrees c in mammalian cell culture medium with 10% serum were transformed to amastigote-like forms by elevating the incubation temperature to 34 degrees c. during the first 24-48 h of the transformation process the slender flagellated promastigotes lost their flagella and became smaller and more ovoid. by 72 h, transformation was complete with greater than 95% of the parasites viable as judged by vital dye exclusion. more ... | 1982 | 6126096 |
| experimental superimposed infection of the hamster with leishmania mexicana and l. braziliensis. | hamsters inoculated subcutaneously with leishmania mexicana (l. m. amazonensis or l. m. mexicana) and with l. braziliensis panamensis, either simultaneously or with an interval, in different parts of the body (right front paw and nose), showed an independent course of infection for either parasite with the typical clinical and histopathological characteristics produced by these organisms. in one group of animals, metastases from the paw (l. m. amazonensis) to the nose (l. b. panamensis) was prov ... | 1982 | 6131596 |
| the effect of parasitization by leishmania mexicana mexicana on macrophage function in vitro. | macrophages infected with amastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana as compared to normal macrophages show decreased migration both randomly and through a 5 microns pore in response to a known chemotaxin, an increased ability to pinocytose and an increased bactericidal ability. unless very heavily parasitized their ability to phagocytose is unaltered. parasitized macrophages are unaltered in their ability to secrete extracellularly lysosomal enzymes, prostaglandins and lysozyme in response to ... | 1983 | 6134450 |
| leishmania mexicana: inhibition and stimulation of phagosome-lysosome fusion in infected macrophages. | | 1981 | 6168485 |
| leishmania mexicana: crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis of culture-derived amastigotes and promastigotes. | | 1983 | 6191414 |
| leishmania mexicana: temperature sensitivity of isolated amastigotes and of amastigotes infecting macrophages in culture. | different temperature requirements for intracellular growth of leishmania spp. may account for the predominantly peripheral or visceral localization of the parasites in the vertebrate host. we show here that leishmania mexicana amazonensis, an agent of cutaneous disease, is growth restricted in vitro at 37.5 c and viable at 34 c. this temperature sensitivity has been observed in both infected macrophage cultures and isolated amastigotes. counts of the percentage of infected macrophages and of th ... | 1983 | 6196227 |
| the effect of formycin b on mrna translation and uptake of purine precursors in leishmania mexicana. | formycin b is a structural analog of inosine that is a potent inhibitor of leishmania multiplication. formycin b is reportedly converted to formycin a nucleotides and incorporated into rna by the organisms, and it is unclear whether the active form of the drug is the nucleoside itself or its several metabolites. we confirmed that formycin a nucleotides are formed by formycin b-exposed l. mexicana promastigotes, and determined that the intraparasite concentration of formycin b and its metabolites ... | 1984 | 6207832 |
| a comparative study of leishmania mexicana amastigotes and promastigotes. enzyme activities and subcellular locations. | leishmania mexicana mexicana amastigotes have been shown to contain greater activities than promastigotes of the enzymes that catalyse the beta-oxidation of fatty acids, but lower activities of several glycolytic enzymes, with the activity of pyruvate kinase being especially low. the results suggest the beta-oxidation of fatty acids is relatively more important to leishmania amastigotes than promastigotes, whereas the reverse is true for glycolysis. succinic dehydrogenase and peptidase activitie ... | 1982 | 6211617 |
| factors influencing the host response to leishmania mexicana. | the immune response of resistant and susceptible mice infected with leishmania mexicana has been studied. in resistant mice infection was associated with the development of delayed hypersensitivity to parasite antigens and the development of specific antibodies, and protective immunity to a subsequent challenge infection with l. mexicana was demonstrable. after adoptive transfer of lymph node cells and peritoneal cells from immune donors, recipient mice showed an increased ability to control a c ... | 1983 | 6227462 |
| host and parasite factors influencing the expression of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | host and parasite factors influencing the expression of cutaneous leishmaniasis were investigated in two murine models of different leishmanial diseases. the role of b lymphocytes in the uncontrolled disease manifested by balb/c mice infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis was investigated in animals of this inbred strain depleted of b cells by neonatal administration of anti-mouse mu-chain antisera. whereas non-depleted control mice developed chronic metastatic infections with both leishmania tro ... | 1983 | 6227463 |
| leishmania mexicana: conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate in amastigotes and promastigotes. | | 1982 | 6290253 |
| receptor-mediated entry of beta-glucuronidase into the parasitophorous vacuoles of macrophages infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | 125i-labeled rat preputial gland beta-glucuronidase was shown by light and electron microscopic radioautography to accumulate within the parasitophorous vacuoles of in vitro derived bone marrow macrophages infected with leishmania mexicana amazonensis. beta-glucuronidase uptake was mediated by the mannose receptor, since the penetration of the ligand was inhibited by mannan. uptake was detected as soon as 4 h after incubation of infected cells with the ligand, and increased at 24 and 48 h. the l ... | 1983 | 6304225 |
| inefficacy of metronidazole in experimental infections of leishmania donovani, l. mexicana, and trypanosoma brucei brucei. | metronidazole has been claimed in several earlier reports to be active in human cases of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis. its efficacy against the protozoa causing these diseases was tested in hamsters infected with leishmania mexicana or l. donovani, and in mice infected with trypanosoma brucei brucei. in separate experiments, hamsters were either inoculated intradermally into the nose with 5 million amastigotes of l. mexicana or intracardially with 10-30 million amastigotes of l. donovani, a ... | 1983 | 6305218 |
| the enzymes of purine salvage in trypanosoma cruzi, trypanosoma brucei and leishmania mexicana. | we have previously shown the presence of various purine salvage enzymes in trypanosoma cruzi, including phosphoribosyltransferase, aminohydrolase, kinase, phosphorylase and hydrolase activities. we now report that a similar situation occurs in leishmania mexicana amazonensis and trypanosoma brucei brucei. in all three organisms we found higher levels of activity for the phosphoribosyltransferase enzymes than for the nucleoside kinases, suggesting a preference for the salvage of purine bases rath ... | 1983 | 6316234 |
| inhibition by superoxide dismutase and catalase of the damage of isolated leishmania mexicana amazonensis by phenazine methosulfate. | phenazine methosulfate, a cationic electron carrier, inhibits the extracellular growth of promastigotes and the conversion of amastigotes into promastigote forms of leishmania mexicana amazonensis. growth inhibition and damage of extracellular parasites by pms was counteracted by superoxide dismutase, a scavenger of the superoxide anion (o2-), and to a lesser extent, by catalase, a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2). inactivated dismutase and catalase were ineffective. thus, damage of isolate ... | 1984 | 6328296 |
| [growth of leishmania mexicana and braziliensis in hemolytic and non-hemolytic media (preliminary report)]. | | 1983 | 6351187 |
| cell biology of host-parasite membrane interactions in leishmaniasis. | molecular interactions at the host-parasite interface are crucial for the outcome of microbial infection, particularly in infection by intracellular parasites, such as leishmania donovani and leishmania mexicana, whose natural transmission begins with the delivery of the promastigote stage by the sandfly vector into the susceptible host. the ensuing event is intracellular parasitism of macrophages in the host by the amastigote stage. the establishment of this event in leishmaniasis must follow t ... | 1983 | 6357669 |
| detection of promastigote stage-specific antigens on leishmania mexicana amazonensis developing in the midgut of lutzomyia longipalpis. | previously described monoclonal antibodies ix-if9-d8, ix-2h7-e10 and ix-5h9-c1 recognize promastigote stage-specific determinants present on externally exposed membrane proteins of axenically cultured leishmania mexicana amazonensis. in the present study, these antigens were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence to be present on promastigotes found in the gut lumen of infected lutzoymia longipalpis. the presence of these antigens on promastigotes found in infected sandflies suggests that t ... | 1983 | 6359907 |
| zymodeme and species specificities of monoclonal antibodies raised against trypanosoma cruzi. | a series of hybrid cell lines was generated by the fusion of sp2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from balb/c mice that had been immunized or infected with trypanosoma cruzi zymodemes (z1, z2, z3 ). four immunoglobulin isotypes, igm, igg1, igg2a and igg3 were represented amongst the monoclonal antibodies secreted by 22 hybridoma clones. on indirect immunofluorescence (ifat) antibodies bound to flagellum, cytoplasm, cell membrane or stained the whole organism. two antibodies were epimastigote-sp ... | 1984 | 6380014 |
| purification and characterization of proteolytic enzymes of leishmania mexicana mexicana amastigotes and promastigotes. | leishmania mexicana mexicana amastigote and promastigote soluble proteinases were purified using gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. for the amastigotes, two main proteinase activity peaks were separated with both methods. these accounted for approximately 10% and 90% of the total activity. characterization of the two activities for substrate specificity and sensitivity to inhibitors indicated that the major peak from both column methods contained enzymes with the characteristics of ... | 1984 | 6389769 |
| immunofluorescent antibody test in american visceral leishmaniasis: sensitivity and specificity of different morphological forms of two leishmania species. | this study was designed to determine which morphologic form and species of leishmania is most suitable for detection of antibody in sera from american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) patients by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). promastigotes and amastigotes of leishmania mexicana or leishmania donovani chagasi were used as sources of antigen. a total of 70 sera, including 30 from avl patients, 30 from healthy subjects and 10 from chagas' disease patients, were used in the study. titer ... | 1983 | 6407345 |
| leishmania mexicana mexicana: attachment and uptake of promastigotes to and by macrophages in vitro. | promastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana attach to mouse macrophages in vitro in the absence of serum by a wheat germ agglutinin-like ligand on the surface of the promastigote that binds to the n-acetyl glucosamine moiety of a receptor on the surface of the macrophage. the binding is temperature dependent, and the macrophage receptor is trypsin, cytochalasin b, and is assisted or inhibited as for attachment. treatment of promastigotes with proteolytic enzymes uncovers a receptor for a serum ... | 1983 | 6415268 |
| reversible defect in antigen-induced lymphokine and gamma-interferon generation in cutaneous leishmaniasis. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a patient with progressive leishmania mexicana (lm) infection were examined for responses to mitogen and antigen before, during, and after successful treatment. before therapy, his cells proliferated normally and secreted effective macrophage-activating lymphokines in response to concanavalin a (con a) and toxoplasma gondii antigen, but failed to show any response to lm antigen. at this time, suppressive humoral factors were not present, the intracellular ... | 1984 | 6432909 |
| the effect of protein restriction on the development of protective immunity to leishmania mexicana. | protein deprived c57bl/6 mice infected with 10(3) amastigotes of leishmania mexicana showed early arrest of lesion progression during the first 5 weeks of infection with subsequent development of progressive non-healing lesions. in contrast, well nourished mice similarly infected developed gradual healing lesions. the early resistance of malnourished mice to 10(3) amastigotes was overcome by a larger dose. after a primary inoculation with 10(3) amastigotes protein deprived mice failed to express ... | 1984 | 6433304 |
| proteinases of leishmania mexicana and other flagellate protozoa. | the amastigote form of the human pathogen leishmania mexicana contains high proteinase activity, some 20 times greater than that in the promastigote form and macrophages and appreciably higher than the activity in other flagellate protozoa. the main amastigote enzymes are soluble, whereas those of the promastigote are particulate, and have inhibitor sensitivities characteristic of cysteine proteinases. the very high soluble proteinase activity of l. mexicana amastigotes may be a primary factor i ... | 1982 | 6460959 |
| formation of (1----2)-linked beta-d-mannopyranan by leishmania mexicana amazonensis: relationship with certain crithidia and herpetomonas species. | | 1984 | 6491853 |
| tissue eosinophilia and leishmania mexicana mexicana eosinophil interactions in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. | outbred albino mice were infected subcutaneously with 10(6) amastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana and the subsequent lesions were evaluated by light and electron microscopy at various intervals after infection. the animals developed persistent nodules and a spectrum of lesions of variable size which was correlated with the host's ability to control the parasite in the tissue. during the acute phase of the disease the histopathological results showed an accumulation of granulocytes, some mo ... | 1984 | 6504555 |
| on the identity of leishmania mexicana pifanoi and l. mexicana garnhami. | | 1984 | 6506164 |
| amyloidosis in experimental tegumentary leishmaniasis in mice. | renal and hepatosplenic amyloidosis was found in chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice infected with 10(6) purified amastigotes from lesions produced by the h21 strain of leishmania mexicana amazonensis. after 1 year a progressive lesion leading to metastasis was observed in most animals. | 1984 | 6507735 |
| leishmania mexicana pifanoi: antigenic characterization of promastigote and amastigote stages by solid phase radioimmunoassay. | | 1984 | 6512649 |
| leishmanial differentiation in vitro: induction of heat shock proteins. | during temperature-induced in vitro differentiation from the promastigote to the amastigote form of the parasitic protozoan leishmania mexicana, seven actively synthesized proteins were identified. these proteins corresponded precisely in molecular weight to the well-known heat shock proteins seen in species such as drosophila. the minimal dna synthesis observed in the differentiating parasites indicated that little cell division occurs during this process. the absence of rna synthesis during ea ... | 1984 | 6517924 |
| [cutaneous leishmaniasis in amazonia. report of the 1st human case of mixed infection, determined by 2 different leishmania species: leishmania brasiliensis and leishmania mexicana amazonensis]. | | 1984 | 6533750 |
| differential expression of mrnas for alpha- and beta-tubulin during differentiation of the parasitic protozoan leishmania mexicana. | the parasitic protozoan leishmania mexicana amazonensis has two developmental stages: a motile flagellated promastigote stage and a sessile intracellular amastigote stage. in our previous work, cells of the promastigote stage were found to synthesize more tubulin protein than those of the amastigote stage. here, tubulin mrnas in these leishmanias were analyzed. based on dot blot hybridization between total leishmanial rna and tubulin-specific cdna probes derived from chicken brain, amastigotes a ... | 1984 | 6592587 |
| leishmania mexicana amazonensis: surface charge of amastigote and promastigote forms. | the surface charge of leishmania mexicana amazonensis was evaluated by means of the binding of colloidal iron hydroxyde particles at ph 1.8 and cationized ferritin particles at ph 7.2 to the cell surface, visualizated by electron microscopy and by direct measurements of the electrophoretic mobility of cells suspended in solutions of different ph. the following forms of the parasite were analysed: amastigotes (surrounded or not by the membrane of the endocytic vacuole, isolated from lesions), tra ... | 1983 | 6617803 |
| in vivo protection against leishmania mexicana mediated by monoclonal antibodies. | | 1983 | 6619540 |
| a comparative study of susceptibility of inbred and outbred mouse strains compared with hamsters to infection with new world cutaneous leishmaniases. | one stock of each of leishmania mexicana mexicana and l. m. amazonensis together with two stocks of l. braziliensis panamensis and l. b. braziliensis were tested for infectivity in inbred mouse strains balb/c and cba/h. the infectivity was compared with hamsters and the outbred cd1 mice. balb/c mice were more susceptible than hamsters to l. mexicana and l. braziliensis panamensis. balb/c mice were not susceptible to l. b. braziliensis. cba/h mice showed a low susceptibility to infection while cd ... | 1983 | 6622066 |
| identification of leishmania mexicana mexicana in the state of são paulo, brazil. | | 1983 | 6622922 |
| the use of dna probes in the identification of leishmanias: discrimination between isolates of the leishmania mexicana and l. braziliensis complexes. | kinetoplast dna (kdna), initially characterized by buoyant density, from ten reference isolates of the leishmania braziliensis and l. mexicana complexes has been radio-actively labelled and used as hybridization probes. filters containing endonuclease digested, electrophoresed, southern transferred fragments of kdna from reference and other isolates sent to us for dna typing have been tested for kdna sequence homology. we record a complete lack of sequence homology between kdna of any isolate of ... | 1983 | 6623584 |