| in vitro development of resistance to nystatin by candida albicans and torulopsis glabrata. | the levels of resistance to nystatin induced in 16 strains of torulospsis glabrata by a few subcultures in the presence of the drug were high (minimum inhibitory concentrations > 20 000 u ml-1) compared with those obtained in 12 strains of candida albicans (minimum inhibitory concentrations less than or equal to 2000 u ml-1). the results suggest a high rate of mutation in the first species. | 1980 | 6999124 |
| hybridizable sequences between cytoplasmic ribosomal rnas and 3 micron circular dnas of saccharomyces cerevisiae and torulopsis glabrata. | we have shown that 2.8 and 3.1 micron circular dna molecules, previously reported to be present in saccharomyces cerevisiae and torulopsis glabrata respectively, contain sequences hybridizing to cytoplasmic ribosomal rnas. in s. cerevisiae the 2.8 micron circular dna appears to be identical to the rdna repeating unit from nuclear dna, both in length (approximately 9000 base pairs) and in the location of the 25, 18 and 5.8s rrna sequences on the large hindiii fragment (6500 bp) and the presence o ... | 1980 | 7003552 |
| torulopsis glabrata and candida albicans in female genital infections in the sudan. | four hundred and seventy sudanese women with vaginal discharge were investigated for yeast-like fungi. high vaginal specimens were cultured and isolates fully identified according to standard mycological techniques. all patients were married and some were pregnant. of 138 yeast-like fungi identified, torulopsis glabrata (34.1%) was the commonest followed by candida albicans (25.4%) and candid krusei (14.5%). differing social and economic factors may be responsible for the higher prevalence of t ... | 1981 | 7016246 |
| intergeneric transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid killer plasmids, pgkl1 and pgkl2, from kluyveromyces lactis into saccharomyces cerevisiae by cell fusion. | two novel linear deoxyribonucleic acid plasmids, pgkl1 and pgkl2, were isolated from the yeast kluyveromyces lactis. k. lactis strains harboring the pgk1 plasmids killed a certain group of yeasts, including saccharomyces cerevisiae, saccharomyces italicus, saccharomyces rouxii, k. lactis, kluyveromyces thermotolerans, kluyvermyces vanudenii, torulopsis glabrata, candida utilis, and candida intermedia. in this experiment, the pgkl1 and pgkl2 plasmids were intergenerically transferred from a k. la ... | 1981 | 7016841 |
| an unexpected response to torulopsis glabrata fusion products to x-irradiation. | intra-species fusion products of saccharomyces cerevisiae, saccharomyces unisporus and torulopsis glabrata have been isolated following polyethylene glycol-induced fusion of protoplasts and selection for prototrophic colonies. staining with lomofungin showed that all fusion products were uninucleate. measurement of dna content mostly gave values between haploid and diploid levels indicating that the majority of fusion products were aneuploid, nevertheless fusion products of s. cerevisiae and s. ... | 1981 | 7017387 |
| structural analysis of mannans from candida albicans serotypes a and b and from torulopsis glabrata by methylation gas chromatography mass spectrometry and exo-alpha-mannanase. | mannans of candida albicans serotypes a and b and of torulopsis glabrata were subjected to methylation analysis and the resulting monosaccharides were converted to the peracetylaldononitrile derivatives and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. serotype a differed from b in having more 1 leads to 2 linked mannosyl residues (46.2 vs 37.1 mol%) indicating longer oligomannosyl sidechains; mannosyl branch points linked through c-1, c-3 and c-6 were detected for the first tim ... | 1981 | 7020788 |
| comparative ocular pathogenicity of cryptococcus neoformans, candida glabrata, and aspergillus fumigatus in the rabbit. | in a previous study, 88% of rabbits with disseminated infection caused by candida albicans developed ophthalmoscopically visible, hematogenous endophthalmitis (chorioretinitis) over a 2 week period. to determine the incidence of this ocular complication in disseminated infection caused by cryptococcus neoformans, candida glabrata, and aspergillus fumigatus compared with that caused by c. albicans, the first three species of fungi were injected intravenously (between 10(5) and 10(9) organisms per ... | 1982 | 7037676 |
| comparative recovery of fungi from biphasic and conventional blood culture media. | a brain heart infusion broth and agar biphasic bottle was compared with a vented broth brain heart infusion bottle for the recovery of fungi from blood. a total of 40 fungi, all yeasts, were recovered from 5,000 blood cultures. the biphasic bottle slightly increased the overall recovery of six species of yeasts. in addition, yeasts were first detected more often in the biphasic bottle (73%) than in the vented broth bottle (38%). a routine early (6- to 24-h) or late (5-day) subculture of macrosco ... | 1981 | 7037839 |
| primary culture media for routine urine processing. | it has been recommended that routine microbiological processing of urine specimens include quantitative plating onto blood agar medium along with a selective and differential agar such as macconkey agar for gram-negative organisms. few data have been published to justify this combination. to evaluate the validity of this recommendation 2,553 midstream, clean-voided urine samples were quantitatively plated onto blood agar, macconkey agar, and colistin-nalidixic acid agar, which is a selective med ... | 1982 | 7153312 |
| a comparison of bifonazole (bay h 4502) with clotrimazole in vitro. | the antifungal activity of a new topical imidazole, bifonazole (bay h 4502, bayer ag institute for chemotherapy), was compared in vitro with that of clotrimazole (bay b 5097, schering corporation) in tests with 67 pathogenic and commensal yeasts, 45 dermatophytes and 14 miscellaneous pathogenic fungi by an agar dilution method. three media, kimmig's agar, sabouraud's agar, and casein-yeast extract-glucose agar were used. bifonazole was inhibitory for nearly all the yeasts tested including candid ... | 1982 | 7157107 |
| determination of cellular fatty acid compositions of various yeasts by gas-liquid chromatography. | the cellular fatty acid composition of 51 cultures of various species of yeasts was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. analysis was done with a fused-silica gas-liquid chromatography capillary column, with resolution of all components including mono-, di-, and tri-unsaturated 18-carbon acids. the cultures were placed into one of four distinct gas-liquid chromatography groups on the basis of large quantitative differences in fatty acids. group i contained only saccharomyces species and grou ... | 1982 | 7161374 |
| a prospective study on candida as a gastric opportunistic germ. | report of results from a study on the presence of candida as a stomach opportunistic germ in 149 patients consecutively undergoing gastroscopy. candida was isolated in 23 patients (15.4%). none of the following factors influenced the appearance of the fungus as an opportunist in the stomach: age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake, associated systemic diseases, concomitant gastroduodenal diseases or gastric histological findings. the only favoring factor revealed was that of cardiotonic treatment in 4 ... | 1982 | 7166206 |
| torulopsis pyelonephritis associated with papillary necrosis: a case report. | a case of torulopsis glabrata pyelonephritis associated with papillary necrosis is presented. torulopsis glabrata is a potential pathogen in the urinary tract capable of producing renal damage, sepsis and death. in this case the involved kidney sustained progressive damage, necessitating nephrectomy for cure. examination of the kidney showed fungal involvement of the parenchyma and collecting system. | 1980 | 7188707 |
| congenital torulopsis glabrata infection in man. | a case of congenital infection by torulopsis glabrata in a premature 0.52-kg female infant born at 23 weeks' gestation to a 37-year-old, gravida 7 mother is reported. the infant succumbed to an intrauterine pneumonia and fungemia. acute chorioamnionitis was present. budding yeasts were found in the lungs and amniotic membranes and in large numbers within the lumen of the gut. the role of a retained intrauterine contraceptive device in predisposing to the ascending infection is discussed. | 1980 | 7188718 |
| fungal retinitis: a case of torulopsis glabrata infection treated with miconazole. | presumptive embolic chorioretinal torulopsis glabrata infection is described in a patient who had received prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy. the ocular findings are compared and contrasted with embolic lesions due to candida albicans. the patient was treated for 6 weeks with intravenous miconazole. during this time there was shrinkage of the ocular lesions, some improvement in vision and abolition of fungaemia. improvement in tests of immune function during treatment suggests that an ear ... | 1980 | 7191722 |
| endoscopic aspects of mycosis in the upper digestive tract. | in an evaluation of 2537 endoscopic investigations of the upper digestive tract, yeast-like fungi were found in cultures from 53 purposive brushings (2.1%) obtained from visible mycotic areas. in 46 cases the esophagus only was affected. in the stomach and surrounding the anastomosis after resection, we found 6 positive results. once, findings were seen in the esophagus as well as in the stomach. determination of the yeast-like fungi revealed candida albicans in 43 cases. other fungi were cultur ... | 1980 | 7191797 |
| torulopsis glabrata endocarditis. | | 1980 | 7191911 |
| torulopsis glabrata osteomyelitis: report of a case. | this is possibly the first documented case of torulopsis glabrata osteomyelitis. torulopis glabrata is a common fungus similar to cryptococcus. it is though to largely represent a contaminant in routine cultures. the patient was a 58-year-old severely debilitated woman with diabetes. to establish a definitive diagnosis, careful culture and positive identification of the causative pathogen from the fresh bone biopsy were required. treatment with amphotericin b was successful; however, optimally a ... | 1981 | 7193543 |
| [janus green sensitivity as a criterion for differentiation of candida parapsilosis, torulopsis glabrata and torulopsis candida (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 7038475 |
| general yeast infection in bangladeshi women using contraceptives. | a study on the vaginitis due to candida infection among bengali women using different contraceptives was carried out. a total of 368 patients using three different contraceptives (pills, injectables, iud) and 316 age and parity matched women as control were studied. the incidence of vaginal yeast infection was highest (17.6%) among pill user. in control group, the incidence is lower (6.7%). the difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.05). no significant difference in vaginal yeast ... | 1984 | 6532412 |
| granulomatous torulopsis glabrata cholecystitis in a diabetic. | a 53-year-old man who was a healthy, diet-controlled adult-onset diabetic underwent elective cholecystectomy eight weeks after an episode of acute cholecystitis. the gallbladder showed granulomatous inflammation and a single, mixed gallstone. torulopsis glabrata was isolated from bile. this yeast of low pathogenicity is usually of clinical significance only in patients with serious associated illness. the patient remains well, and no reservoir for the organism has been identified in him. this is ... | 1982 | 7202331 |
| [on the inhibitory activity of polemonium saponin against fungi (author's transl)]. | a saponin complex, isolated from the roots of polemonium caeruleum l., the aglycones of which are triterpene esters, has been tested for antifungal properties. the blastomycetes candida tropicalis, candida albicans and torulopsis glabrata proved to be very sensitive. | 1981 | 7232485 |
| the prevalence of yeasts in clinical specimens from cancer patients. | yeasts recovered from cancer patients during a 15-month period were speciated, and the prevalence of these isolates in various types of clinical specimens was determined. five species, including candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, and torulopsis glabrata, accounted for 97.1% of the isolates. eighteen different species were recovered. respiratory and urine specimens yielded 75% of the organisms. c. albicans, c. tropicalis, and c. parapsilosis were recovered ... | 1980 | 7369176 |
| incidence of polyene-resistant yeasts recovered from clinical specimens. | the development of resistance to amphotericin b and nystatin in yeast isolates was determined. organisms recovered from patients on the oncology service, undergoing extensive chemotherapy for acute leukemia and bone marrow transplantation, were compared with yeasts recovered from patients on other services in the same hospital over a 7-month period. an agar dilution method was used to assay the susceptibility for each antibiotic; resistance was defined as a minimal inhibitory concentration of gr ... | 1980 | 7416742 |
| the in vitro proteolytic and saccharolytic activity of candida species cultured in human saliva. | the proteolytic and saccharolytic activity of 4 candida species was investigated in batch cultures of pooled, human mixed saliva supplemented with glucose. all the candida species investigated (candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida glabrata and candida krusei) demonstrated a marked growth in saliva with a concomitant reduction in ph from about 7.5 to 3.3, within 72 h. isotachophoretic analysis of the culture supernatant revealed the presence of a variety of acid anions of which pyruvate ... | 1994 | 7478763 |
| fluconazole resistance due to energy-dependent drug efflux in candida glabrata. | we report on the mechanism of fluconazole resistance in candida glabrata from a case of infection in which pre- and posttreatment isolates were available for comparison. the resistant, posttreatment isolate was cross-resistant to ketoconazole and itraconazole, in common with other azole-resistant yeasts. resistance was due to reduced levels of accumulation of [3h]fluconazole rather than to changes at the level of ergosterol biosynthesis. studies with metabolic or respiratory inhibitors showed th ... | 1995 | 7486903 |
| evaluation of the auxacolor system, a new method of clinical yeast identification. | to compare the auxacolor yeast identification system with the api 20c system. | 1995 | 7490311 |
| in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of du-6859a, a fluoroquinolone, in combination with amphotericin b and fluconazole against pathogenic fungi. | du-6859a is an investigational fluoroquinolone agent with potent bactericidal activity, but by itself it has no antifungal activity. when combined with amphotericin b (amb), however, du-6859a clearly enhanced the in vitro antifungal activity of amb against candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida krusei, candida glabrata, and cryptococcus neoformans in microdilution checkerboard studies. positive interactions of du-6859a with amb against aspergillus fumigatus were dependent on the medium us ... | 1995 | 7492096 |
| controlled evaluation of bact/alert standard anaerobic and fan anaerobic blood culture bottles for the detection of bacteremia and fungemia. | fan medium was formulated to improve microbial recovery, particularly for fastidious microorganisms and for microorganisms causing sepsis in patients receiving antimicrobial therapy. in a controlled clinical evaluation performed at four university-affiliated hospitals, fan anaerobic bottles were compared with standard anaerobic bottles for yield, speed of detection of microbial growth, and detection of septic episodes. a total of 10,431 blood culture sets were received; both anaerobic bottles of ... | 1995 | 7494013 |
| identification of candida species by pcr and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of intergenic spacer regions of ribosomal dna. | the pcr was used to amplify a targeted region of the ribosomal dna from 84 candida isolates. unique product sizes were obtained for candida guilliermondii, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, and candida pseudotropicalis. isolates of candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida stellatoidea, candida parapsilosis, and candida krusei could be identified following restriction digestion of the pcr products. | 1995 | 7494052 |
| inhibition of fungal growth by pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas cepacia isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. | this study was undertaken because of the infrequency of infections due to candida species in patients with cystic fibrosis despite their extensive treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. in vitro susceptibility studies revealed significant inhibition of 11 strains of fungi known to infect human beings by 10 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and nine strains of pseudomonas cepacia isolated from the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis. the fungi were candida krusei, candida keyfr, candida g ... | 1994 | 7522262 |
| differential and enrichment media for selective culture and recognition of yeast species from clinical material. | an enrichment medium was developed and evaluated for isolation of fluconazole-resistant minority yeast species in a hospital setting. the enrichment medium was made by adding fluconazole (10 micrograms/ml) to yeast nitrogen base/glucose broth. under laboratory conditions the broth permitted detection of 20 of 20 candida krusei isolates and 20 of 20 candida glabrata isolates in mixtures with candida albicans even when the candida albicans cells outnumbered those of the other species by 1000:1. re ... | 1995 | 7556229 |
| nosocomial torulopsis glabrata fungemia with shock in a pregnant woman successfully treated with high doses of fluconazole and delivery of healthy child. | | 1995 | 7562024 |
| [cortical abscess of the kidney due to torulopsis glabrata in an 8-month-old child]. | | 1982 | 6890755 |
| auxacolor, a new commercial system for yeast identification: evaluation of 182 strains comparatively with id 32c. | the incidence of deep candidiasis, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and the emergence of less sensitive yeast species to new antifungal agents explain the interest of their rapid identification. a new identification system, auxacolor (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), has been evaluated, comparatively to id 32c strip taken in reference (biomérieux sa). these systems include respectively 13 and 29 carbohydrate assimilation tests. one hundred and sixty-nine strains belonging to 17 common yea ... | 1995 | 7574109 |
| antigenic and functional conservation of an integrin i-domain in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we sought evidence for precursors of the leukocyte integrin subunits alpha m and alpha x among unicellular eukaryotes such as saccharomyces cerevisiae. chromatography of cytosolic extracts of saccharomyces cerevisiae on an affinity matrix coupled to bu-15, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes alpha x, revealed a band of m(r) > 205 kda under nonreducing conditions. screening a lambda gt11 library of s. cerevisiae dna with bu-15 (anti-alpha x) and anti-mo1 (anti-alpha m) led to the isolation of a ... | 1995 | 7582869 |
| comparison of fluconazole, amphotericin b and flucytosine in treatment of a murine model of disseminated infection with candida glabrata in immunocompromised mice. | candida glabrata is an emerging opportunist pathogen in immunosuppressed patients. c. glabrata is resistant to many antifungal agents and until recently, there have been no standard treatment regimens for this organism. a mouse model was established using mice immunosuppressed with 5 fluorouracil to evaluate amphotericin b, flucytosine, fluconazole and their combinations to treat an intravenously induced c. glabrata infection. treatment with fluconazole, flucytosine, amphotericin b or a combinat ... | 1995 | 7592176 |
| synergy of fluconazole with human monocytes or monocyte-derived macrophages for killing of candida species. | possible synergy between fluconazole and monocyte-derived macrophages (mdm) for significant killing of candida species and between fluconazole and monocytes for increased candidacidal activity were studied. human serum in test medium (rpmi 1640 with 10% fresh autologous human serum) was highly fungistatic for candida species. fluconazole in test medium, even at high concentrations, was not fungicidal. monocytes alone were fungicidal for all candida species and synergized with fluconazole for inc ... | 1995 | 7594731 |
| antimicrobial prophylaxis in bone marrow transplantation. | to review the efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis in bone marrow transplantation. | 1995 | 7598303 |
| fungal feeding-line infections: beware the eyes and teeth. | twenty-four fungal feeding-line infections occurred in 17 patients during 1984-1992. thirteen were receiving long-term home parenteral feeding and, in them, the first infection occurred after a median of 30 months (range 1-120) continuous feeding with a line that had been in situ for a median of 20 months (range 1-37). four were receiving short-term feeding through a line that had been inserted 1-2 months previously. at the time of the first infection all patients were febrile and most were anae ... | 1995 | 7636818 |
| in vitro susceptibility of candida species isolated from patients with haematological malignancies. | candida spp. (83 isolates including c. (torulopsis) glabrata) were tested in vitro for their susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin b, ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, and miconazole. the yeasts were isolated from clinical specimens, mostly from the lower respiratory tract, of 30 oncologic patients, 27/30 with haematological malignancies, during a 6-month period (december 1991-may 1992). minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimal fungicidal concentration (mfc) values of ... | 1995 | 7637683 |
| bronchopulmonary torulopsosis. | a patient had clinical and radiographic findings suggestive of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. further studies excluded this diagnosis but indicated that the patient's respiratory disease was due to the yeast torulopsis glabrata, usually nonpathogenic in normal human hosts. the patient had no evidence of invasive disease. total serum ige was elevated but ige antibody against t. glabrata could not be demonstrated by skin test or radioimmunoassay. demonstration of elevated igg antibody ag ... | 1982 | 7201980 |
| in vitro activity of amphotericin b, flucytosine and fluconazole against yeasts causing bloodstream infections. | the in vitro activity of amphotericin b, flucytosine and fluconazole against 95 yeasts causing fungemia in a single institution over the last eight years was determined by a broth macromethod recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. all strains were inhibited by amphotericin b concentrations of < or = 1 microgram/ml. with flucytosine in most species the mic50 was between 0.12 and 0.25 microgram/ml and the mic90 was between 0.25 and 1 microgram/ml. one exception wi ... | 1995 | 7649205 |
| bilateral fungal epididymo-orchitis with abscess. | we present a unique case of bilateral fungal epididymo-orchitis with abscess formation due to torulopsis glabrata in a nonimmunosuppressed patient with a neurogenic bladder. this case highlights the risk factors for fungal infections of the urinary tract and the difficulty with their management. | 1995 | 7660522 |
| uptake of 14c-chlorhexidine gluconate by saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida albicans and candida glabrata. | uptake of radiolabelled chlorhexidine gluconate (14c-chg) to saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida albicans and c. glabrata was very rapid and near maximal within 30 s. the organism, s. cerevisiae, most sensitive to the lethal action of chlorhexidine, took up significantly more biocide than the other organisms. cells from cultures of different ages took up different amounts of 14c-chg. | 1995 | 7662332 |
| re: fluconazole treatment in torulopsis glabrata upper urinary tract infection causing ureteral obstruction. | | 1995 | 7563370 |
| fungal endocarditis. | fungal endocarditis has become an important infection associated with medical progress and a modern lifestyle. the most common organisms isolated from patients with fungal endocarditis are: aspergillus spp.; candida spp. and torulopsis glabrata. men are more frequently affected than women and predisposing factors include: previous cardiac surgery, antibiotic use and hyperalimentation, long-term i.v. catheters. common clinical findings in patients with endocarditis include: fever, changing murmur ... | 1995 | 7671932 |
| high prevalence of antifungal resistance in candida spp. from patients with aids. | three hundred and forty-eight isolates of candida spp. from patients treated at a regional infectious diseases unit for aids, immunocompromised patients admitted to the hope hospital and isolates referred from around the north west of england were tested for their in-vitro susceptibility to amphotericin b, fluconazole and flucytosine using standardized methods. candida albicans comprised 73% of isolates, candida glabrata 10% and candida parapsilosis 7%. ninety-six percent of isolates were suscep ... | 1994 | 7706161 |
| antifungal prophylaxis with low-dose fluconazole during bone marrow transplantation. the bone marrow transplantation team. | the present study investigated the prophylactic efficacy of fluconazole at 100-200 mg/day against invasive fungal infections during bone marrow transplantation (bmt). during july 1990 to december 1991, all bmt recipients received antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole at either 200 mg/day or 100 mg/day. historical controls were those that received no antifungal prophylaxis (january 1989 to june 1990). fungemia occurred in 4 of 112 fluconazole recipients and 8 of 79 controls (p < 0.05) prior to ... | 1994 | 7711669 |
| in vitro antifungal and fungicidal spectra of a new pradimicin derivative, bms-181184. | a new pradimicin derivative, bms-181184, was compared with amphotericin b and fluconazole against 249 strains from 35 fungal species to determine its antifungal spectrum. antifungal testing was performed by the broth macrodilution reference method recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (document m27-p, 1992). bms-181184 mics for 97% of the 167 strains of candida spp., cryptococcus neoformans, torulopsis glabrata, and rhodotorula spp. tested were < or = 8 microgra ... | 1995 | 7726485 |
| importance of candida species other than c. albicans as pathogens in oncology patients. | a number of surveys have documented increased rates of candida infection over the past several decades. in this assessment of the frequency and distribution of non-albicans candida species among patients with cancer, 37 reports that were published between 1952 and 1992 and that described 1,591 cases of systemic candida infection were reviewed. species other than candida albicans accounted for 46% of all systemic candida infections in patients with cancer; specifically, candida tropicalis account ... | 1995 | 7727637 |
| in vitro susceptibility of 545 isolates of candida spp. to four antifungal agents. | the in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole of 545 candida strains from patients treated at the university hospital of the canaries was determined by means of a microdilution test. the distribution of the species was as follows: candida albicans (342), candida tropicalis (70), candida glabrata (68), candida parapsilosis (65). of candida albicans isolates, 8.5% and 7.6% showed resistance to itraconazole and fluconazole respectively. of c. tropicalis i ... | 1994 | 7739661 |
| growth inhibition of pathogenic yeasts by pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro: clinical implications in blood cultures. | the interaction between yeasts and bacteria may have clinical implications in polymicrobial septicaemia. the in vitro effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa on five pathogenic yeast species, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida glabrata and cryptococcus neoformans, was investigated. yeast inhibition assays were performed in an aerobic blood culture medium, inoculated with yeast cells (inoculum 1-10 cfu ml-1) and bacterial cells (inoculum 10-10(7) cfu ml-1). interactions ... | 1994 | 7746293 |
| comparison of etest and national committee for clinical laboratory standards broth macrodilution method for azole antifungal susceptibility testing. | the use of etest strips for antimicrobial susceptibility testing is a new and promising method with broad applications in microbiology. since these strips contain a predefined continuous gradient of a drug, it is possible to obtain a reproducible, quantitative mic reading. we performed a prospective and double-blinded study to compare the etest and national committee for clinical laboratory standards (villanova, pa.) broth macrodilution methods for determining the mics of fluconazole, itraconazo ... | 1995 | 7751353 |
| epithelial adhesion in yeast species: correlation with surface expression of the integrin analog. | epithelial adhesion and expression of the integrin analog, a putative candidal adhesion, were correlated for 33 clinical and laboratory isolates of candida albicans, other candida species, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. on flow cytometry with saturating concentrations of the monoclonal antibody okm1, surface fluorescence was highest for c. albicans at 67.8% +/- 1.7% and significantly reduced for candida tropicalis (32.0% +/- 2.6%), candida parapsilosis (18.3% +/- 2.4%), candida glabrata (3.3% +/- ... | 1995 | 7769314 |
| torulopsis glabrata vaginitis. | to study the sociodemographic risk factors and clinical features of torulopsis glabrata vaginal infection. | 1995 | 7770272 |
| tuboovarian abscess associated with candida glabrata in a woman with an intrauterine device. a case report. | candidal infection has been associated extensively with serious infections. its role in genital tract infections has consisted largely of vulvovaginitis, with serious upper genital tract infection a rarity. a 47-year-old woman with an intrauterine device had candida glabrata in a large tuboovarian abscess and recovered only after removal of the abscess and treatment with amphotericin b. | 1995 | 7776309 |
| in vitro activity of d0870 compared with those of other azoles against fluconazole-resistant candida spp. | we compared the in vitro activity of a new triazole, d0870, with those of fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole against 41 clinical isolates of fluconazole-resistant candida belonging to nine different species. the 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) were determined by a microdilution method with morpholinopropanesulfonic acid (mops)-buffered rpmi medium and an inoculum of approximately 10(4) yeasts per ml. after incubation for 48 h at 37 degrees c the optical density at 550 nm was measu ... | 1995 | 7785986 |
| microtitration plate enzyme immunoassay to detect pcr-amplified dna from candida species in blood. | we developed a microtitration plate enzyme immunoassay to detect pcr-amplified dna from candida species. nucleotide sequences derived from the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of fungal rdna were used to develop species-specific oligonucleotide probes for candida albicans, c. tropicalis, c. parapsilosis, and c. krusei. no cross-hybridization was detected with any other fungal, bacterial, or human dnas tested. in contrast, a c. (torulopsis) glabrata probe cross-reacted with saccharomyces ... | 1995 | 7790469 |
| fungemia in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: new epidemiologic patterns, emerging pathogens, and improved outcome with antifungal therapy. | we characterized 27 episodes of fungemia in 22 children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). fungemia in these patients presented as a community-acquired infection in the setting of outpatient total parenteral nutrition or intravenous antibiotic therapy through a chronically indwelling central venous catheter (cvc). fungemia developed only in patients with cvcs (p < .001). non-albicans candida species, torulopsis glabrata, rhodotorula rubra, and bipolaris spicifera constituted 5 ... | 1995 | 7795092 |
| differences in oxidant release by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes produced by stimulation with different phases of coccidioides immitis. | human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) inhibit growth of arthroconidia and young spherules but not mature spherules of coccidioides immitis. to evaluate these differences, oxidants were measured when pmnl were exposed to c. immitis or other particulate stimuli. concentrations of arthroconidia, young spherules, mature spherules, and candida glabrata were adjusted to result in equivalent superoxide release. hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid were stimulated by arthroconidia or young spheru ... | 1995 | 7797911 |
| [hepatic candidiasis caused by candida glabrata]. | the incidence of disseminated candidiasis is increasing. liver involvement is frequent but rarely diagnosed. the authors report a case of disseminated candidiasis due to candida glabrata with liver metastases. the presence of hepatic lesions was diagnosed by ct scan and parasitological examination of liver abscess contents obtained by ct-scan-directed puncture-aspiration. the outcome was favorable with amphotericin-b (cumulative dose of 1 g) and flucytosin. aspects of hepatic involvement in diss ... | 1994 | 7802437 |
| clinically significant mucosal candidiasis resistant to fluconazole treatment in patients with aids. | eight cases of severe mucosal candidiasis in patients with aids who were taking fluconazole at a dosage of 400-800 mg/d are described. candida albicans alone or in conjunction with torulopsis glabrata or candida stellatoidea was isolated from each patient. in vitro susceptibility testing demonstrated resistance to fluconazole in all eight cases. all tested isolates were susceptible to amphotericin b, and six of eight isolates tested were susceptible to itraconazole. all individuals were severely ... | 1994 | 7803632 |
| antifungal activity of a new triazole, d0870, compared with four other antifungal agents tested against clinical isolates of candida and torulopsis glabrata. | d0870 is a new triazole agent with potent, broad-spectrum antifungal activity. we investigated the in vitro activity of d0870, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin b, and 5-fluorocytosine (5fc) against 319 clinical isolates of candida spp. and torulopsis glabrata. in vitro susceptibility testing was performed using a microdilution broth method performed according to nccls guidelines. d0870 was very active (mic90 of 0.12 microgram/ml and 0.5 microgram/ml at 24 and 48 h incubation, respectively ... | 1994 | 7805359 |
| an experimental model for study of candida survival and transmission in human volunteers. | in order to determine the potential for cross-transmission of candida spp. between health-care workers and patients, the survival of clinical isolates of five species of candida on the palms of human volunteers was tested. one hundred microliters of a mcfarland 1.0 density suspension (5 x 10(5) cfu) from an overnight culture of candida albicans, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis and candida glabrata was used as inoculum. the degree of hydrophobicity of the different candid ... | 1994 | 7805688 |
| comparative study of broth macrodilution and microdilution techniques for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts by using the national committee for clinical laboratory standards' proposed standard. | a comparative study of broth macro- and microdilution methods for susceptibility testing of fluconazole, itraconazole, flucytosine, and amphotericin b was conducted with 273 yeasts. the clinical isolates included 100 candida albicans, 28 candida tropicalis, 25 candida parapsilosis, 15 candida lusitaniae, 15 candida krusei, 50 cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans, 25 torulopsis (candida) glabrata, and 15 trichosporon beigelii strains. both methods were performed according to the national commi ... | 1994 | 7814488 |
| comparison of broth macrodilution, broth microdilution, and e test antifungal susceptibility tests for fluconazole. | a comparison of the e test, the broth microdilution test, and the reference broth macrodilution susceptibility test of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards for fluconazole susceptibility testing was performed with 238 clinical isolates of candida species and torulopsis (candida) glabrata. an 80% inhibition endpoint mic was determined by the reference broth macrodilution method after 48 h of incubation. the mics obtained by the two study methods were read after 24 and 48 h of ... | 1994 | 7814531 |
| fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole in vitro activity against candida spp. | the in vitro activity of fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole against 625 candida yeast strains from patients treated at the university hospital of the canaries, by means of a micromethod of dilution in broth enriched with yeast nitrogen base (ynb), and buffered to ph7, has been assessed. species distribution was as follows: candida albicans (388), candida tropicalis (84), candida glabrata (84), candida parapsilosis (69). our results show 10.0% and 8.8% of c. albicans resistant to itracona ... | 1994 | 7830098 |
| candidiasis caused by candida glabrata in the forestomachs of a calf. | a female japanese black calf suffering from diarrhoea was treated with six different antibiotics for 9 days. the diarrhoea worsened and the calf was killed when 17 days old. at necropsy, the mucosal surface of the forestomachs showed diffuse haemorrhagic necrosis and pseudomembrane formation. candida glabrata infection was diagnosed histologically, immunohistochemically, and by isolation and examination of the yeast. the intensive antibiotic treatment was considered to have been a predisposing o ... | 1994 | 7836573 |
| efficacy of oral amphotericin b in aids patients with thrush clinically resistant to fluconazole. | reports of thrush clinically refractory to azoles in aids patients are increasing with the more widespread use of these agents. we studied our own oral preparation of amphotericin b in the treatment of two aids patients who developed oral thrush due to candida glabrata after prolonged fluconazole use. improvement occurred in both in less than 1 week, with eventual clearing and absence of side effects. oral amphotericin b may have advantages over alternatives for this increasing problem. | 1994 | 7844704 |
| a prospective study of microorganisms in urine and bladder biopsies from interstitial cystitis patients and controls. | interstitial cystitis (ic) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder of unknown etiology. we tested the hypothesis that a microorganism would be found at higher prevalence in urine or bladder tissue from women with ic than from control women. | 1995 | 7855970 |
| penetration and damage of endothelial cells by candida albicans. | the mechanisms of phagocytosis of candida albicans by human vascular endothelial cells and subsequent endothelial cell injury were examined in vitro. both live and killed c. albicans cells were phagocytized by endothelial cells. this organism specifically induced endothelial cell phagocytosis because neither candida tropicalis nor torulopsis glabrata was ingested. endothelial cell microfilaments polymerized around c. albicans as the organisms were phagocytized. cytochalasin d inhibited this poly ... | 1995 | 7868270 |
| candida glabrata, candida krusei, non-albicans candida spp., and other fungal organisms in a sixty-bed national cancer center in 1989-1993: no association with the use of fluconazole. | during the 5-year period 1989-1993, the incidence of candida krusei, and other non-albicans candida spp., was analyzed in a 60-bed cancer department. the frequency of c. krusei, before fluconazole was introduced into therapeutic protocols in 1990, was 16.5%, and after introduction of fluconazole into prophylaxis in acute leukemia in 1991, the incidence of c. krusei was 12.7%. after 3 years of using this drug in therapy and prophylaxis, the incidence of c. krusei in 1993 was 14.8%, what was lower ... | 1995 | 7875020 |
| misidentification of clinical yeast isolates by using the updated vitek yeast biochemical card. | the vitek yeast biochemical card (ybc) is widely used as a rapid identification (ri) (within 48 h) system for clinical yeast isolates. we compared the ri results obtained by the ybc technique with matched results obtained with the api 20c system. the ri of germ tube-negative yeasts isolated from 222 clinical specimens was performed with the ybc system, and the results were compared with those of standard identifications obtained by using the api 20c system and morphology, with additional biochem ... | 1994 | 7883873 |
| pcr identification of four medically important candida species by using a single primer pair. | a single pair of primers was used in a pcr assay to amplify and identify the dnas from four medically important candida species: c. albicans, c. parapsilosis, c. tropicalis, and c. (torulopsis) glabrata. the report describes the first successful amplification of a chitin synthase-specific fragment from the four candida species responsible for more than 90% of all cases of neonatal candidemia. the primer pair sequence was based on that from the c. albicans chitin synthase gene, chs1 (j. au-young ... | 1994 | 7883883 |
| fungal infection of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in children. | infection is still the most common complication of shunt procedures in children. however, fungal infection is still considered to be rare. we found that fungi accounted for 17% of shunt infections (8 of 48) in a retrospective study. all of the patients were premature babies and had received a ventriculoperitoneal shunt because of hydrocephalus. the clinical manifestations were subtle and insidious. the time of onset of infection ranged from 1 month to 1 year after the insertion of the shunt. exa ... | 1994 | 7888533 |
| a purine permease in candida glabrata. | competition experiments revealed that adenine and guanine were transported by a purine permease in both candida glabrata 4 and a c. glabrata 4 cytosine permease negative mutant. the c. glabrata 4 cytosine permease negative mutant was isolated using 5-fluorocytosine selection. this mutant no longer transported cytosine, but transported adenine and guanine. a transport system for hypoxanthine was not detected. hence, in addition to the cytosine permease, a purine permease exists in c. glabrata. th ... | 1995 | 7896084 |
| trends and sources of nosocomial fungaemia. | concurrent surveillance of blood culture isolates in a 1000-bed tertiary care hospital over a 7-year period from 1986 to 1993 identified 102 episodes of nosocomial fungaemia, representing 6.6% of all episodes of nosocomial bloodstream infections and 0.49/1000 admissions. no significant change in the frequency, rate, source or microbial aetiology of nosocomial fungaemia occurred over the 7-year period. candida albicans accounted for 74%, followed by candida (torulopsis) glabrata (8%), c. parapsil ... | 1994 | 7898515 |
| [ecological study of torulopsis glabrata in a captive population of wild mammals (author's transl)]. | | 1982 | 7201074 |
| acalculous candidal cholecystitis: a previously unrecognized complication after cardiac transplantation. | acalculous cholecystitis is a life-threatening complication in critically ill surgical patients. whereas candida albicans and torulopsis glabrata have been reported as the primary pathogens in 14 previous cases of acalculous cholecystitis, we report the first case of candida parapsilosis as a biliary pathogen in a patient after cardiac transplantation. although cardiac transplant recipients often have many of the risk factors for acalculous candidal cholecystitis, including major surgery, immuno ... | 1995 | 7639242 |
| the pattern of fungal infections in critically ill surgical patients. | there continues to be difficulty making the clinical distinction between fungal colonization and systemic infection in critically ill surgical patients. this distinction is important, given the potential risks of aggressive antifungal therapy. in order to evaluate the significance of fungal infections by various sites, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical courses of patients with cultures positive for fungi (candida species or torulopsis glabrata) in the sicu of lac + usc medical center from ... | 1995 | 7668455 |
| [candida glabrata pneumonia in a non-immunosuppressed patient: diagnostic imaging with digital luminescence radiography and ct]. | pneumonias caused by candida glabrata are extremely rare and occur almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. we report an atypical case of candida glabrata pneumonia in a non-immunocompromised patient and describe the imaging findings on digital radiography and computed tomography. | 1994 | 7918708 |
| assessment of microbial growth in intravenous immune globulin preparations. | the ability of intravenous immune globulin (ivig) products to support bacterial and yeast growth was studied. microtiter plates containing preparations of eight commercially available ivig products were inoculated with 10(5) colony-forming units (cfus) of bacteria per milliliter or 10(3) cfus of yeast cells per milliliter. the organisms used were candida albicans, torulopsis glabrata, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus epidermidis, and klebsiella pneumoniae. the plates were incubated at 3, 2 ... | 1994 | 7942893 |
| epidemiology of oral candidiasis in hiv-infected patients: colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of fluconazole resistance. | to study the epidemiology of oral candidiasis and the effect of treatment of thrush in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. | 1994 | 7942935 |
| cross-sectional study of the susceptibility of candida isolates to antifungal drugs and in vitro-in vivo correlation in hiv-infected patients. | to investigate (1) the frequency of clinical resistance to oral polyenes or azole treatment for oral candidiasis, (2) the frequency of resistant in vitro candida strains, (3) the relationship between the susceptibilities of in vitro candida species and in vivo status in hiv patients. | 1994 | 7946104 |
| the efficacy of fluconazole in treating prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by candida glabrata: report of a case. | a case of active prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (pve) due to candida glabrata was successfully treated by the systemic administration of fluconazole. a 66-year-old japanese man with infective endocarditis of unknown etiology underwent aortic and mitral valve replacement to treat severe aortic and mitral regurgitation associated with multiple organ failure. postsurgical cultures of arterial blood were repeatedly positive for c. glabrata, and therefore fluconazole was administered either ... | 1994 | 7949778 |
| fungal endophthalmitis: a report of two cases. | two patients with fungal endophthalmitis are presented. the first patient developed delayed-onset pseudophakic endophthalmitis. candida glabrata was cultured from anterior chamber fluid. the second patient presented with a corneal ulcer and endophthalmitis. candida albicans was isolated from the corneal scraping. the clinical features of these infections and specific treatment options are discussed. | 1993 | 7952364 |
| frequency, pathogenicity and microbiologic outcome of non-candida albicans candiduria. | a retrospective review of urine cultures obtained from patients at the university of illinois hospital revealed that the frequency of isolation of non-albicans candida species increased significantly from 1990 to 1991 (p = 0.0003), while the frequency of isolation of candida albicans species decreased significantly (p = 0.0006). patients with urine cultures positive for non-albicans candida species of torulopsis glabrata during 1991 were identified for review. sixty-seven patients were eligible ... | 1994 | 7957265 |
| frequency and significance of drug resistance in vulvovaginal candidiasis. | the rates of non-albicans species and susceptibility to the main antimycotic drugs were evaluated in a series of 472 cultures of vulvar or vaginal specimens positive for candida species. torulopsis glabrata was associated more frequently than c. albicans with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (18/40 vs. 72/379; p = 0.003, chi 2 test). as evaluated by the results of susceptibility testing, c. albicans isolates were uniformly sensitive to the antifungals tested, whereas 7.5% (3/40) of t. glabrata ... | 1994 | 7959341 |
| clinical and microbiological characteristics of symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis in hiv-seropositive women. | to evaluate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of symptomatic vaginal candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive women attending a gynaecologic outpatient clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (stds). | 1994 | 7959713 |
| treatment of disseminated torulopsis glabrata infection with do870 and amphotericin b. | torulopsis glabrata, an opportunist pathogen in immunosuppressed patients, is resistant to many antifungal agents, and there are no established treatment regimens for this organism. the mouse model was used to evaluate treatment with do870, amphotericin b, fluconazole, and their combination. mice were immunosuppressed with 5 mg of gold sodium thiomalate given intraperitoneally 1 day prior to intravenous infection with 10(8) t. glabrata cells. treatment with a new antifungal triazole, do870, at d ... | 1994 | 7979293 |
| comparative in vitro activity of antimycotic agents against pathogenic vaginal yeast isolates. | although numerous antimycotic agents are available for the treatment of yeast vaginitis there is little comparative data on the in vitro activity of these drugs. in the present two-part study, in vitro macro-broth dilution sensitivity tests were performed on a total of 377 clinical vaginal yeast isolates of nine different species. antimycotics surveyed included amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine and eight azole derivatives. results show that all vaginal candida albicans isolates were uniformly sen ... | 1994 | 7983571 |
| rapid detection and identification of candida albicans and torulopsis (candida) glabrata in clinical specimens by species-specific nested pcr amplification of a cytochrome p-450 lanosterol-alpha-demethylase (l1a1) gene fragment. | pcr of a candida albicans cytochrome p-450 lanosterol-alpha-demethylase (p450-l1a1) gene segment is a rapid and sensitive method of detection in clinical specimens. this enzyme is a target for azole antifungal action. in order to directly detect and identify the clinically most important species of candida, we cloned and sequenced 1.3-kbp fragments of the cytochrome p450-l1a1 genes from torulopsis (candida) glabrata and from candida krusei. these segments were compared with the published sequenc ... | 1994 | 7989540 |
| evaluation of a novel colorimetric broth microdilution method for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast isolates. | a comparative evaluation of two broth microdilution methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of 600 clinical yeast isolates (candida spp., torulopsis glabrata, and cryptococcus neoformans) against amphotericin b, fluconazole, and flucytosine (5fc) was conducted. microdilution testing was performed according to national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) recommendations (nccls document m27-p). by using the growth control for comparison, reference microdilution mic endpoints ... | 1994 | 7989555 |
| in vitro infection of human fetal membranes with candida species. | to assess whether candida species can penetrate intact fetal membranes under in vitro conditions, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida guilliermondii, candida pseudotropicalis and candida glabrata were inoculated onto the surface of the maternal side of the membranes obtained from 4 pregnant women undergoing repeat cesarean section. after incubation under culture conditions, membranes were evaluated by histological examination. c. albicans inoculated onto the maternal side penetrated an ... | 1994 | 8005544 |
| use of amphotericin b during pregnancy: case report and review. | unlike the situation with many antimicrobial agents, there is limited experience with the use of amphotericin b during pregnancy. although reports of fungal infections during pregnancy have been published, few describe fungemia with either candida or torulopsis species. we present a case of fungemia due to torulopsis glabrata that occurred during pregnancy and that was treated with amphotericin b. drug concentrations were measured in placental tissue, cord serum, and infant serum at delivery. al ... | 1994 | 8011817 |
| evaluation of two commercialized systems for the rapid identification of medically important yeasts. | a total of 77 recent clinical isolates of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts were identified by two different commercial tests, rapidec albicans (api-biomérieux) and fongiscreen 4h (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), and conventional mycological methods. the strains were from 13 different species of yeasts and consisted of strains of 36 c. albicans, three of candida famata, nine of candida (torulopsis) glabrata, five of candida guilliermondii, two of candida kefyr, three of candida ... | 1993 | 8015561 |
| heterologous gene expression and protein secretion from candida glabrata. | we have examined heterologous protein secretion from candida glabrata with the aid of a stable c. glabrata vector and a secretion reporter cassette comprising the saccharomyces cerevisiae pgk-gene promoter and a kluveromyces iactis secretion signal to drive secretion of escherichia coli beta-lactamase. abundant secretion of beta-lactamase from c. glabrata indicates that the s. cerevisiae pgk promoter functions in c. glabrata. furthermore, we show that c. glabrata processes the secreted beta-lact ... | 1994 | 8031503 |
| comparison of updated vitek yeast biochemical card and api 20c yeast identification systems. | the updated vitek yeast biochemical card (ybc) was compared with the api 20c by using 409 germ tube-negative yeasts and geotrichum spp. that were either clinical or proficiency sample isolates. the api 20c was the reference standard. the 409 isolates represented nine genera and 21 species. morphology agars were inoculated and interpreted for each isolate. the api 20c identified 406 isolates (99.3%), while the vitek ybc identified 367 (89.7%). both systems identified the majority of yeasts after ... | 1994 | 8051243 |
| renal abscess and fungemia due to torulopsis glabrata: successful treatment with drainage and fluconazole. | | 1994 | 8054422 |