| transmission of sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma by yamatotettix flavovittatus, a new leafhopper vector. | sugarcane white leaf disease is caused by plant pathogenic phytoplasmas that are transmitted to the plant by the leafhopper matsumuratettix hiroglyphicus (matsumura). to determine whether there are other insect vectors that transmit this disease pathogen, leafhopper species in sugarcane, saccharum officinarum l., fields in northeastern thailand were monitored by using light traps. sixty-nine leafhopper species from family cicadellidae were found. using nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with ... | 2006 | 17066780 |
| the effect of land use on soil health indicators in peri-urban agriculture in the humid forest zone of southern cameroon. | the objective of this study was to identify the effect of different land uses in peri-urban agriculture on the soil properties. soil health indicators were evaluated in the top 10 cm at five tilled agricultural sites involving different cropping systems and use of agrochemicals within the peri-urban agricultural areas of yaounde, cameroon, and compared with a native forest land. the experimental data showed that the selected indicators were sensitive to cropping practice. most cropped land had s ... | 2006 | 17071911 |
| status of eldana saccharina (lepidoptera: pyralidae), its host plants and natural enemies in ethiopia. | surveys for sugarcane stem borers were undertaken in ethiopia to determine the prevalence and distribution of these and their natural enemies in crops and indigenous host plants. eldana saccharina walker was not recovered from sugarcane, but was present in three indigenous wetland sedges, cyperus papyrus, c. fastigiatus and c. dives in the southern, central and northern part of the country. the latter indigenous host plant was present in waterways adjacent to sugarcane on the commercial sugar es ... | 2006 | 17092361 |
| arabidopsis sucrose transporter atsuc9. high-affinity transport activity, intragenic control of expression, and early flowering mutant phenotype. | atsuc9 (at5g06170), a sucrose (suc) transporter from arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) l. heynh., was expressed in xenopus (xenopus laevis) oocytes, and transport activity was analyzed. compared to all other suc transporters, atsuc9 had an ultrahigh affinity for suc (k(0.5) = 0.066 +/- 0.025 mm). atsuc9 showed low substrate specificity, similar to atsuc2 (at1g22710), and transported a wide range of glucosides, including helicin, salicin, arbutin, maltose, fraxin, esculin, turanose, and alpha-me ... | 2007 | 17098854 |
| immunostimulating effects of the polyphenol-rich fraction of sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) extract in chickens. | the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) in chickens orally administered sugar cane extracts (sce) or polyphenol-rich fraction (prf) of sce (500 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days increased significantly, when compared with that of saline-administered control chickens. chickens orally administered sce or prf (500 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days showed significantly higher antibody responses against sheep red blood cells and brucella abortus than control chickens. in addition ... | 2007 | 17117449 |
| antioxidant activity of phenolics compounds from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) juice. | phenolic compounds in sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) juice were identified and quantified by analytical high performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection, showing the predominance of flavones (apigenin, luteolin and tricin derivatives), among flavonoids, and of hydroxycinnamic, caffeic and sinapic acids, among phenolic acids, representing a total content of around 160 mg/l. a tricin derivative was present in the highest proportion (>10% of the total). the phenolic extr ... | 2006 | 17123161 |
| phenanthrene removal by penicillium frequentans grown on a solid-state culture: effect of oxygen concentration. | phenanthrene removal by penicillium frequentans was compared under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions in a solid culture amended with low quantities of an agricultural residue. an inoculum of p. frequentans grown on sugarcane bagasse pith was mixed with soil spiked with 200 mg l(-1) of phenanthrene, to obtain a final bagasse/soil ratio of 1:16. the c/n ratio was adjusted to 60 and the moisture content to 40%. the oxygen concentrations were adjusted to 20%, 10%, 5%, 2% and close to 0%, in the ... | 2006 | 17144256 |
| prospecting the utility of a pmi/mannose selection system for the recovery of transgenic sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrid) plants. | for the first time, the phosphomannose isomerase (pmi, ec 5.3.1.8)/mannose-based "positive" selection system has been used to obtain genetically engineered sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrid var. cp72-2086) plants. transgenic lines of sugarcane were obtained following biolistic transformation of embryogenic callus with an untranslatable sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) strain e coat protein (cp) gene and the escherichia coli pmi gene mana, as the selectable marker gene. postbombardment, transgenic ca ... | 2007 | 17149641 |
| reduced lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced nitric oxide production in peritoneal macrophages and inhibited lps-induced lethal shock in mice by a sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) extract. | a sugar cane extract (sce) has been found to have an immunostimulating effect in several animals. lipopolysaccharide (lps) is known to induce endotoxin shock via the production of inflammatory modulators such as tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha and nitric oxide (no). we examined in the present study the effects of sce on the tnf-alpha and no production in lps-stimulated mice peritoneal cells and the endotoxin shock in mice. the supplementation of sce to peritoneal macrophages cultured with lps ... | 2006 | 17151479 |
| phoenix sylvestris roxb pollen allergy: a 2-year randomized controlled trial and follow-up study of immunotherapy in patients with seasonal allergy in an agricultural area of west bengal, india. | although the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy has been demonstrated in seasonal pollen allergy, there is no report of a double-blind placebo-controlled trial with standardized pollen extract in seasonal respiratory allergy from india. in the agricultural area of eastern india, phoenix sylvestris roxb or date sugar palm is grown or cultivated and seasonal allergic rhinitis is common during the pollen season. | 2006 | 17153886 |
| initial evaluation of sugarcane as a production platform for p-hydroxybenzoic acid. | sugarcane (saccharum hybrids) was evaluated as a production platform for p-hydroxybenzoic acid using two different bacterial proteins (a chloroplast-targeted version of escherichia coli chorismate pyruvate-lyase and 4-hydroxycinnamoyl-coa hydratase/lyase from pseudomonas fluorescens) that both provide a one-enzyme pathway from a naturally occurring plant intermediate. the substrates for these enzymes are chorismate (a shikimate pathway intermediate that is synthesized in plastids) and 4-hydroxyc ... | 2005 | 17168897 |
| doubled sugar content in sugarcane plants modified to produce a sucrose isomer. | sucrose is the feedstock for more than half of the world's fuel ethanol production and a major human food. it is harvested primarily from sugarcane and beet. despite attempts through conventional and molecular breeding, the stored sugar concentration in elite sugarcane cultivars has not been increased for several decades. recently, genes have been cloned for bacterial isomerase enzymes that convert sucrose into sugars which are not metabolized by plants, but which are digested by humans, with he ... | 2007 | 17207261 |
| production of polyhydroxybutyrate in sugarcane. | we report here the production of the bacterial polyester, polyhydroxybutyrate (phb), in the crop species sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrids). the phb biosynthesis enzymes of ralstonia eutropha [beta-ketothiolase (phaa), acetoacetyl-reductase (phab) and phb synthase (phac)] were expressed in the cytosol or targeted to mitochondria or plastids. phb accumulated in cytosolic lines at trace amounts, but was not detected in mitochondrial lines. in plastidic lines, phb accumulated in leaves to a maximum ... | 2007 | 17207265 |
| members of the ethylene signalling pathway are regulated in sugarcane during the association with nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria. | nitrogen-fixing bacteria have been isolated from sugarcane in an endophytic and beneficial interaction that promotes plant growth. in this work, for the first time, the involvement of ethylene signalling in this interaction was investigated by molecular characterizing members of this pathway in sugarcane. the expression pattern of a putative ethylene receptor (scer1) and two putative erf transcription factors (scerf1 and scerf2) show exclusive modulation in plants inoculated with the diazotrophi ... | 2007 | 17210990 |
| analysis of sugarcane mosaic virus resistance in maize in an isogenic dihybrid crossing scheme and implications for breeding potyvirus-resistant maize hybrids. | the gene action of 2 sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) resistance loci in maize, scmv1 and scmv2, was evaluated for potyvirus resistance in an isogenic background. all 4 homozygous and 5 heterozygous isogenic genotypes were produced for introgressions of the resistant donor (fap1360a) alleles at both loci into the susceptible parent (f7) genetic background using simple sequence repeat markers. for scmv and maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv), virus symptoms appeared rapidly in the 3 homozygous genotypes ... | 2006 | 17213909 |
| purification and characterization of two sugarcane bagasse-absorbable thermophilic xylanases from the mesophilic cellulomonas flavigena. | we report the purification and characterization of two thermophilic xylanases from the mesophilic bacteria cellulomonas flavigena grown on sugarcane bagasse (scb) as the only carbon source. extracellular xylanase activity produced by c. flavigena was found both free in the culture supernatant and associated with residual scb. to identify some of the molecules responsible for the xylanase activity in the substrate-bound fraction, residual scb was treated with 3 m guanidine hydrochloride and then ... | 2007 | 17219190 |
| effects of a mixture of fatty acids from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) wax oil in two models of inflammation: zymosan-induced arthritis and mice tail test of psoriasis. | a mixture of fatty acids obtained from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) wax oil (fam), in which the main constituents are palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, was evaluated in two models of inflammation: zymosan-induced arthritis and in the tail test for psoriasis, both on mice. in the first model, fam significantly reduced zymozan-induced increase of beta glucuronidase (de(50) 90+/-7 mg/kg). histopathological studies showed inhibition in cellular infiltration and reduction of sy ... | 2007 | 17292594 |
| comparison of composition and absorption of sugarcane policosanols. | policosanols (pc) exist as very-long-chain alcohols derived from sugarcane currently used in many countries as a cholesterol-lowering therapy. pc purity and relative percentage composition have been suggested as primary reasons why the original cuban pc (opc) supplements possess lipid-lowering efficacy. the purpose of the present study was, first, to compare the relative percentage purity and pc composition of both opc and alternative sources of pc (apc). a second objective was to feed syrian ha ... | 2007 | 17298709 |
| growth and metabolism in sugarcane are altered by the creation of a new hexose-phosphate sink. | an efficient in planta sugarcane-based production system may be realized by coupling the synthesis of alternative products to the metabolic intermediates of sucrose metabolism, thus taking advantage of the sucrose-producing capability of the plant. this was evaluated by synthesizing sorbitol in sugarcane (saccharum hybrids) using the malus domestica sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (mds6pdh). mature transgenic sugarcane plants were compared with untransformed sugarcane variety q117 by eva ... | 2007 | 17309679 |
| heterologous signals allow efficient targeting of a nuclear-encoded fusion protein to plastids and endoplasmic reticulum in diverse plant species. | approximately 30% of plant nuclear genes appear to encode proteins targeted to the plastids or endoplasmic reticulum (er). the signals that direct proteins into these compartments are diverse in sequence, but, on the basis of a limited number of tests in heterologous systems, they appear to be functionally conserved across species. to further test the generality of this conclusion, we tested the ability of two plastid transit peptides and an er signal peptide to target green fluorescent protein ... | 2007 | 17309684 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cereals: a promising approach crossing barriers. | cereal crops have been the primary targets for improvement by genetic transformation because of their worldwide importance for human consumption. for a long time, many of these important cereals were difficult to genetically engineer, mainly as a result of their inherent limitations associated with the resistance to agrobacterium infection and their recalcitrance to in vitro regeneration. the delivery of foreign genes to rice plants via agrobacterium tumefaciens has now become a routine techniqu ... | 2006 | 17309731 |
| domestication of maize, sorghum, and sugarcane did not drive the divergence of their smut pathogens. | we investigated two alternative hypotheses for the origin of crop pathogen species: that human-mediated agricultural practices drove the divergence of many crop plant pathogen species or that coevolutionary processes in natural populations of the crops' ancestors drove divergence of pathogen species. we distinguished between these two hypotheses by constructing a robust multigene phylogeny and estimating the dates of divergence among four, monophyletic species of smut fungi (ustilago maydis, u. ... | 2007 | 17348948 |
| antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of a tricin acylated glycoside from sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) juice. | from sugarcane juice, a flavone, identified by spectroscopic methods as tricin-7-o-beta-(6''-methoxycinnamic)-glucoside, was isolated, in addition to orientin. the tricin derivative was shown to have antioxidant activity higher than trolox by means of the dpph assay and lower by the beta-carotene/linoleic acid system. it showed in vitro antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines, with higher selectivity toward cells of the breast resistant nic/adr line. | 2007 | 17350657 |
| signal transduction-related responses to phytohormones and environmental challenges in sugarcane. | sugarcane is an increasingly economically and environmentally important c4 grass, used for the production of sugar and bioethanol, a low-carbon emission fuel. sugarcane originated from crosses of saccharum species and is noted for its unique capacity to accumulate high amounts of sucrose in its stems. environmental stresses limit enormously sugarcane productivity worldwide. to investigate transcriptome changes in response to environmental inputs that alter yield we used cdna microarrays to profi ... | 2007 | 17355627 |
| sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) resistance to transgenic bacillus thuringiensis maize. | transgenic maize, zea mays l., expressing the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crylab toxin has been planted to extensive areas across the united states and several other countries, but no resistance has been documented in field populations oflepidopteran target pests. this article describes the first report of resistance alleles to commercially available cry1ab bt maize in a louisiana population of sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.) (lepidoptera: crambidae). two hundred thirteen two-parent i ... | 2007 | 17370824 |
| how safe is sugarcane juice? | | 2007 | 17377362 |
| enumeration, isolation and identification of diazotrophs from korean wetland rice varieties grown with long-term application of n and compost and their short-term inoculation effect on rice plants. | this study has been aimed (i) to isolate and identify diazotrophs from korean rice varieties; (ii) to examine the long-term effect of n and compost on the population dynamics of diazotrophs and (iii) to realize the shot-term inoculation effect of these diazotrophs on rice seedlings. | 2007 | 17381741 |
| pathogenicity of fusarium semitectum against crop pests and its biosafety to non-target organisms. | microbial control is receiving more attention, since these alternative tactics, compared to chemical control methods, are energy saving, non polluting, ecologically sound and sustainable. a mycopathogen, fusarium semitectum berk. and rav. (arsef 7233) was isolated from diseased cadavers of aphid (aphis gossypii) and cultured in saboraud maltose agar supplemented with yeast extract medium (smay). being isolated first time from the chilli ecosystem its potential was evaluated. experiments were con ... | 2006 | 17385514 |
| enhanced biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) in contaminated soils via inoculation with sphingobium indicum b90a. | soil pollution with hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) has caused serious environmental problems. here we describe the targeted degradation of all hch isomers by applying the aerobic bacterium sphingobium indicum b90a. in particular, we examined possibilities for large-scale cultivation of strain b90a, tested immobilization, storage and inoculation procedures, and determined the survival and hch-degradation activity of inoculated cells in soil. optimal growth of strain b90a was achieved in glucose-cont ... | 2008 | 17387620 |
| identification of prevalent potyvirus on maize and johnsongrass in corn fields of tehran province of iran and a study on some of its properties. | during a growing season in 2004, 231 leaf samples of virus infected and mosaic and dwarf mosaic symptoms showing maize (zea mays l.) plants and 258 leaf samples of mosaic showing johnsongrass (sorghum halepens l.) plants from various corn fields in tehran province were collected. serological tests of das-elisa and diba were performed on samples using antisera of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) and johnsongrasss mosaic virus (jgmv). in b ... | 2006 | 17390895 |
| biotechnological production of xylitol in a three-phase fluidized bed bioreactor with immobilized yeast cells in ca-alginate beads. | cells of candida guilliermondii entrapped in ca-alginate beads were used for xylitol production, from concentrated hemicellulose hydrolyzate of sugarcane bagasse, in a fluidized bed bioreactor (fbr). the maximum xylitol concentration 28.9 g xylitol/l was obtained at a high aeration rate of 600 ml/min after 70 h of fermentation, indicating that the use of high aeration rate in this system is favored for better oxygen transfer into the immobilized cells. the specific xylitol productivity and the x ... | 2007 | 17427994 |
| influence of inhibitory compounds and minor sugars on xylitol production by debaryomyces hansenii. | to obtain in-depth information on the overall metabolic behavior of the new good xylitol producer debaryomyces hansenii ufv-170, batch bioconversions were carried out using semisynthetic media with compositions simulating those of typical acidic hemicellulose hydrolysates of sugarcane bagasse. for this purpose, we used media containing glucose (4.3-6.5 g/l), xylose (60.1-92.1 g/l), or arabinose (5.9-9.2 g/l), or binary or ternary mixtures of them in either the presence or absence of typical inhi ... | 2007 | 17496338 |
| potential of plant extracts in combination with bacterial antagonist treatment as biocontrol agent of red rot of sugarcane. | plant extracts and antifungal microorganisms were tested singly and in combination for biocontrol of sugarcane red rot disease (colletotrichum falcatum) using two sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) cultivars, coc671 and coc92061, in pot and field experiments. leaf extracts of abrus precatorius and bassia latifolia and the rhizome extract of curcuma longa reduced colletotrichum falcatum mycelial growth by 80%, 58%, and 57%, respectively. although sugarcane- planting materials (setts) treated in ... | 2007 | 17496967 |
| bioformulation of burkholderia sp. mssp with a multispecies consortium for growth promotion of cajanus cajan. | the present work was undertaken to formulate an effective bioformulation using burkholderia sp. strain mssp, a known plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium. mssp was tagged with the reporter gene of green fluorescent protein (gfp) to monitor its population in cost-effective solid carriers, including sugarcane-bagasse, sawdust, cocoa peat, rice husk, wheat bran, charcoal, and rock phosphate, and paneer-whey as liquid carrier. physical and chemical properties of different low-cost carrier materials ... | 2007 | 17496969 |
| sugarcane biopolymer patch in femoral artery angioplasty on dogs. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the sugarcane biopolymer membrane in femoral artery patch angioplasty on dogs. | 2007 | 17505660 |
| biotechnological production of gluconic acid: future implications. | gluconic acid (ga) is a multifunctional carbonic acid regarded as a bulk chemical in the food, feed, beverage, textile, pharmaceutical, and construction industries. the favored production process is submerged fermentation by aspergillus niger utilizing glucose as a major carbohydrate source, which accompanied product yield of 98%. however, use of ga and its derivatives is currently restricted because of high prices: about us$ 1.20-8.50/kg. advancements in biotechnology such as screening of micro ... | 2007 | 17525864 |
| production of d-lactic acid from sugarcane molasses, sugarcane juice and sugar beet juice by lactobacillus delbrueckii. | lactobacillus delbrueckii was grown on sugarcane molasses, sugarcane juice and sugar beet juice in batch fermentation at ph 6 and at 40 degrees c. after 72 h, the lactic acid from 13% (w/v) sugarcane molasses (119 g total sugar l(-1)) and sugarcane juice (133 g total sugar l(-1)) was 107 g l(-1) and 120 g l(-1), respectively. with 10% (w/v) sugar beet juice (105 g total sugar l(-1)), 84 g lactic acid l(-1) was produced. the optical purities of d: -lactic acid from the feedstocks ranged from 97.2 ... | 2007 | 17541505 |
| ecological occurrence of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus and nitrogen-fixing acetobacteraceae members: their possible role in plant growth promotion. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus has a long-standing history of bacterial-plant interrelationship as a symbiotic endophyte capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. in low nitrogen fertilized sugarcane fields it plays a significant role and its occurrence was realised in most of the sugarcane growing countries. in this mini review, the association of g. diazotrophicus with sugarcane, other crop plants and with various hosts is discussed. the factors affecting survival in the rhizosphere and the pu ... | 2008 | 17574542 |
| molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a family-9 endoglucanase with an unusual structure from the gliding bacteria cytophaga hutchinsonii. | cytophaga hutchinsonii was originally isolated from sugarcane piles. this microorganism therefore probably produces an array of enzymes allowing it to digest cellulosic substrates. c. hutchinsonii thus represents a rich source of potentially effective cellulase enzymes that can be harnessed for conversion of biomass to simple sugars. these sugars can then be used as feedstock for ethanol production or other chemical syntheses. in this study, we report the pcr cloning of an endoglucanase gene (ce ... | 2007 | 17625271 |
| substrate specificity-conferring regions of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase adenylation domains involved in albicidin pathotoxin biosynthesis are highly conserved within the species xanthomonas albilineans. | albicidin is a pathotoxin produced by xanthomonas albilineans, a xylem-invading pathogen that causes leaf scald disease of sugarcane. albicidin is synthesized by a nonribosomal pathway via modular polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) megasynthases, and nrps adenylation (a) domains are responsible for the recognition and activation of specific amino acid substrates. dna fragments (0.5 kb) encoding the regions responsible for the substrate specificities of six albicidin n ... | 2007 | 17630307 |
| alpha-amylase production from catabolite derepressed bacillus subtilis kcc103 utilizing sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. | a catabolite derepressed bacillus subtilis strain kcc103 was used to produce alpha-amylase in medium containing sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (sbh). addition of sbh (1% reducing sugar (w/v)) to the nutrient medium supported maximum alpha-amylase production of 67.4 um l(-1). hplc analysis of sbh showed the presence of glucose, xylose and arabinose in the ratio of 0.9:1.0:0.16 (w/w/w). in sbh-medium glucose and xylose were consumed completely while arabinose remained unutilized. uptake rate of glu ... | 2008 | 17644331 |
| xanthan production by xanthomonas albilineans infecting sugarcane stalks. | xanthomonas albilineans is the causal organism of leaf scald, a bacterial vascular disease of sugarcane. xanthomonas may invade the parenchyma between the bundles and cause reddened pockets of gum, identified as a xanthan-like polysaccharide. since xanthan contains glucuronic acid, the ability of xanthomonas to produce an active udp glucose dehydrogenase is often seen as a virulence factor. x. albilineans axenically cultured did not secrete xanthans to willbrink liquid media, but the use of inoc ... | 2008 | 17646030 |
| synthesis of [3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2h-2lambda5- benzo[e][1,3,2]oxazaphosphinin-2-yl]-(aryl/alkyl) methanols and their bioactivity on sugarcane smut. | synthesis of some new substituted [3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2h-2lambda(5)-benzo[e][1,3,2]oxazaphosphinin-2-yl]-(aryl/alkyl)methanols (7a-k) based on the pudovick reaction was accomplished in the presence of niobium pentoxide (nb(2)o(5)) without using an external chiral ligand. nb(2)o(5) appears to form the metal complex intermediate catalyst system (6) by reacting with 3-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3,4-dihydrobenzo[e][1,3,2]oxazaphosphinine-2-oxide (4), which not only directs ... | 2007 | 17661484 |
| complete genome sequences of maize dwarf mosaic and sugarcane mosaic virus isolates coinfecting maize in spain. | the genomes of spanish isolates of maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv-sp) and sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv-sp) were completely sequenced. nucleotide sequence identities of scmv-sp to those of other scmv isolates ranged from 79 to 90%. mdmv-sp shared 85% nucleotide identity with the only other fully sequenced isolate of mdmv. mdmv-sp and scmv-sp differed from each other by 31% in their nucleotide sequences. phylogenetic analyses showed that scmv isolates group by host rather than by geographical loca ... | 2007 | 17680319 |
| a characterization of a mutm/fpg ortholog in sugarcane--a monocot plant. | plant genomic projects, such as arabidopsis thaliana, rice, and maize, have provided excellent tools for comparative genome analysis on base excision dna repair (ber). a data-mining study associated with the sucest genome project identified two est clusters that shared homology to the bacteria mutm/fpg protein. comparative analyses presented here show a duplication of the mutm/fpg gene in sugarcane, wheat and rice. the complementation assays show that both cdnas from sugarcane are able to comple ... | 2007 | 17686457 |
| heterologous expression of new antifungal chitinase from wheat. | chitinases (ec 3.2.1.14) have been grouped into seven classes (class i-vii) on the basis of their structural properties. chitinases expressed during plant-microbe interaction are involved in defense responses of host plant against pathogens. in the present investigation, chitinase gene from wheat has been subcloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli bl-21 (de3). molecular phylogeny analyses of wheat chitinase indicated that it belongs to an acidic form of class vii chitinase (glycosyl hydrola ... | 2007 | 17697785 |
| [trapping techniques for solenopsis invicta]. | a field study was made to investigate the trapping effects of different attractants, traps, and wind directions on solenopsis invicta. the results showed that among the test attractants, tb1 (50 g fishmeal, 40 g peptone, 10 ml 10% sucrose water solution and 20 ml soybean oil) had the best effect, followed by tb2 (ham), tb6 (100 g cornmeal and 20 ml soybean oil) and tb4 (10 ml 10% sucrose water solution, 100 g sugarcane powder and 20 ml soybean oil), with a mean capture efficiency being 77.6, 58. ... | 2007 | 17763750 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of steam-pretreated bagasse using saccharomyces cerevisiae tmb3400 and pichia stipitis cbs6054. | sugarcane bagasse--a residue from sugar and ethanol production from sugar cane--is a potential raw material for lignocellulosic ethanol production. this material is high in xylan content. a prerequisite for bioethanol production from bagasse is therefore that xylose is efficiently fermented to ethanol. in the current study, ethanolic fermentation of steam-pretreated sugarcane bagasse was assessed in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) set-up using either saccharomyces cerevisi ... | 2008 | 17787015 |
| inhibition of agrobacterium-induced cell death by antiapoptotic gene expression leads to very high transformation efficiency of banana. | the death of plant cells in culture following exposure to agrobacterium tumefaciens remains a major obstacle in developing agrobacterium-mediated transformation into a highly efficient genotype-independent technology. here, we present evidence that a. tumefaciens exposure induces cell death in banana cell suspensions. more than 90% of embryogenic banana cells died after exposure to a. tumefaciens and cell death was accompanied by a subset of features associated with apoptosis in mammalian cells, ... | 2007 | 17849707 |
| a two-dimensional proteome reference map of herbaspirillum seropedicae proteins. | herbaspirillum seropedicae is an endophytic diazotroph associated with economically important crops such as rice, sugarcane, and wheat. here, we present a 2-d reference map for h. seropedicae. using maldi-tof-ms we identified 205 spots representing 173 different proteins with a calculated average of 1.18 proteins/gene. seventeen hypothetical or conserved hypothetical orfs were shown to code for true gene products. these data will support the genome annotation process and provide a basis on which ... | 2007 | 17853511 |
| solid-state fermentation for gluconic acid production from sugarcane molasses by aspergillus niger arnu-4 employing tea waste as the novel solid support. | solid-state fermentation (ssf) was evaluated to produce gluconic acid by metal resistant aspergillus niger (arnu-4) strain using tea waste as solid support and with molasses based fermentation medium. various crucial parameters such as moisture content, temperature, aeration and inoculum size were derived; 70% moisture level, 30 degrees c temperature, 3% inoculum size and an aeration volume of 2.5l min(-1) was suited for maximal (76.3 gl(-1)) gluconic acid production. non-clarified molasses base ... | 2008 | 17881224 |
| diversity of cultivated endophytic bacteria from sugarcane: genetic and biochemical characterization of burkholderia cepacia complex isolates. | bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and from inside the roots and stems of sugarcane plants grown in the field in brazil. endophytic bacteria were found in both the roots and the stems of sugarcane plants, with a significantly higher density in the roots. many of the cultivated endophytic bacteria were shown to produce the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and this trait was more frequently found among bacteria from the stem. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed that the select ... | 2007 | 17905875 |
| identification and sequence analysis of potyviruses infecting crops in vietnam. | fifty-two virus isolates from 13 distinct potyvirus species infecting crops in vietnam were identified and the 3' region of each genome was sequenced. the viruses were: bean common mosaic virus (bcmv), potato virus y (pvy), sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv), chilli veinal mottle virus (chivmv), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), leek yellow stripe virus (lymv), shallot yellow stripe virus (sysv), onion yellow dwarf virus (oydv), turnip mosaic virus (tumv), dasheen mosa ... | 2008 | 17906829 |
| influence of vermicomposting on solid wastes decomposition kinetics in soils. | the effect of vermicomposting on kinetic behavior of the products is not well recognized. an incubation study was conducted to investigate c mineralization kinetics of cow manure, sugarcane filter cake and their vermicomposts. two different soils were treated with the four solid wastes at a rate of 0.5 g solid waste c per kg soil with three replications. soils were incubated for 56 d. the co(2)-c respired was monitored periodically and a first-order kinetic model was used to calculate the kineti ... | 2007 | 17910115 |
| d-003 does not possess oestrogenic potential in-vivo: findings of the uterotrophic assay. | d-003 is a mixture of long-chain fatty acids purified from sugarcane wax that inhibits both cholesterol synthesis prior to mevalonate formation, and lipid peroxidation. d-003 has been shown to prevent bone loss and bone resorption in ovariectomized rats, and significantly improves bone resorption markers in postmenopausal women with reduced bone mineral density. as hormone-replacement therapy, d-003 displays cholesterol-lowering and anti-resorptive effects. we have studied its potential oestroge ... | 2007 | 17910820 |
| f2 screen for resistance to a bacillus thuringiensis-maize hybrid in the sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | a novel f2 screening technique was developed for detecting resistance in sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.), to transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt)-maize expressing the cry1ab insecticidal protein. the f2 screening method involved (i) collecting larvae from maize fields; (ii) establishing two-parent families; (iii) screening f2 neonates for survival on bt-maize leaf tissues; and (iv) confirming resistance on commercial bt-maize plants. with the f2 screening method, 213 iso-line famili ... | 2007 | 17916262 |
| influence of distillery effluent on germination and growth of mung bean (vigna radiata) seeds. | distillery effluent or spent wash discharged as waste water contains various toxic chemicals that can contaminate water and soil and may affect the common crops if used for agricultural irrigation. toxic nature of distillery effluent is due to the presence of high amounts of organic and inorganic chemical loads and its high-acidic ph. experimental effects of untreated (raw) distillery effluent, discharged from a distillery unit (based on fermentation of alcohol from sugarcane molasses), and the ... | 2008 | 17928137 |
| isolation of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat and kinase resistance gene analogues from sugarcane (saccharum spp.). | resistance gene analogues (rgas) have been isolated from many crops and offer potential in breeding for disease resistance through marker-assisted selection, either as closely linked or as perfect markers. many r-gene sequences contain kinase domains, and indeed kinase genes have been reported as being proximal to r-genes, making kinase analogues an additionally promising target. the first step towards utilizing rgas as markers for disease resistance is isolation and characterization of the sequ ... | 2008 | 17935262 |
| long-term carcinogenicity of d-003, a mixture of high molecular weight acids from sugarcane wax, in sprague dawley rats: a 24 months study. | d-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight sugarcane wax aliphatic primary acids with cholesterol-lowering, anti-platelet and antioxidant effects. this study investigated the long-term oral toxicity and carcinogenicity of d-003 in sprague dawley rats of both sexes, randomly distributed into four groups: a control group, treated only with the vehicle, and three treated with d-003 (50, 500 and 1500 mg/kg). all treatments were given orally for 24 months. mortality (survival analysis), clinical sym ... | 2007 | 17937974 |
| phenolic compounds from sugarcane molasses possessing antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria. | during the course of our research into the use of cane by-products from sugar manufacturing, we have studied the isolation and structural determination of bioactive compounds present in sugarcane molasses. in this study, dehydrodiconiferylalcohol-9'-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1) and isoorientin-7, 3'-o-dimethyl ether (2) were isolated as antibacterial active compounds against cariogenic bacteria. their structures were elucidated by (1)h-nmr, (13)c-nmr and esi-ms. the activities of these isolated ... | 2007 | 17938552 |
| variation in the nature of organic acid secretion and mineral phosphate solubilization by citrobacter sp. dhrss in the presence of different sugars. | a novel phosphate solubilizing bacterium (psb) was isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane and is capable of utilizing sucrose and rock phosphate as the sole carbon and phosphate source, respectively. this psb exhibited mineral phosphate solubilizing (mps) phenotype on sugars such as sucrose and fructose, which are not substrates for enzyme glucose dehydrogenase (gdh), along with gdh substrates, viz., glucose, xylose, and maltose, as carbon sources. pcr amplification of the rrna gene and sequ ... | 2008 | 17965911 |
| effects of dietary fibers on weight gain, carbohydrate metabolism, and gastric ghrelin gene expression in mice fed a high-fat diet. | diets that are high in dietary fiber are reported to have substantial health benefits. we sought to compare the metabolic effects of 3 types of dietary fibers -- sugarcane fiber (scf), psyllium (psy), and cellulose (cel) -- on body weight, carbohydrate metabolism, and stomach ghrelin gene expression in a high-fat diet-fed mouse model. thirty-six male mice (c57bl/6) were randomly divided into 4 groups that consumed high-fat diet alone (hfd) or high-fat diet containing 10% scf, psy, and cel, respe ... | 2007 | 17998014 |
| cell immobilization and xylitol production using sugarcane bagasse as raw material. | sugarcane bagasse pretreated by three different procedures (with 2% [v/v] polyethyleneimine (pei), with 2% [w/v] naoh, or with a sequence of naoh and pei) was used as cell immobilization carrier for xylitol production by candida guilliermondii yeast. fermentations using these pretreated carriers were performed in semidefined medium and in a hydrolysate medium produced from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose. sugarcane bagasse pretreated with naoh was the best carrier obtained with respect to immobi ... | 2007 | 18025553 |
| validation of a tn5 transposon mutagenesis system for gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus through characterization of a flagellar mutant. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, which was originally isolated from the interior of sugarcane plants. the genome of strain pal5 of g. diazotrophicus has been completely sequenced and a next step is the functional characterization of its genes. the aim of this study was to establish an efficient mutagenesis method, using the commercial tn5 transposon ez::tn5<kan-2>tnp transposome (epicentre). up to 1 x 10(6) mutants per microgram of transposome were generated in a ... | 2008 | 18060666 |
| effects of emulsified policosanols with different chain lengths on cholesterol metabolism in heterozygous ldl receptor-deficient mice. | policosanol is a mixture of long-chain primary aliphatic saturated alcohols. previous studies in humans and animals have shown that these compounds improved lipoprotein profiles. however, more-recent placebo-controlled studies could not confirm these promising effects. octacosanol (c28), the main component of sugarcane-derived policosanol, is assumed to be the bioactive component. this has, however, never been tested in an in vivo study that compared individual policosanol components side by sid ... | 2008 | 18162663 |
| novel sugarcane streak and sugarcane streak réunion mastreviruses from southern africa and la réunion. | the sugarcane infecting streak viruses (sisvs) are mastreviruses (family geminiviridae) belonging to a group of "african streak viruses" (afsvs) that includes the economically devastating maize streak virus (msv). although there are three currently described sisv species (sugarcane streak virus [ssv], sugarcane streak egypt virus [ssev] and sugarcane streak réunion virus [ssrv]), only one strain variant has been fully sequenced for each of these species and as a result very little is known about ... | 2008 | 18175043 |
| semi-continuous xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion by ca-alginate entrapped yeast cells in a stirred tank reactor. | candida guilliermondii fti 20037 cells were entrapped in ca-alginate beads and used for xylose-to-xylitol bioconversions during five successive batches in a stirred tank reactor. supplemented sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate was used as the fermentation medium. the average volume of the ca-alginate beads was reduced by about 30% after the 600 h taken to perform the five bioconversion cycles, thus demonstrating physical instability under the conditions prevailing in the reactor vessel ... | 2008 | 18175152 |
| recent advances in nitrogen-fixing acetic acid bacteria. | nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient, widely applied as n-fertilizer to improve yield of agriculturally important crops. an interesting alternative to avoid or reduce the use of n-fertilizers could be the exploitation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb), capable of enhancing growth and yield of many plant species, several of agronomic and ecological significance. pgpb belong to diverse genera, including azospirillum, azotobacter, herbaspirillum, bacillus, burkholderia, pseudomonas, rhiz ... | 2008 | 18177965 |
| inhibitory effect of the sugarcane cystatin canecpi-4 on cathepsins b and l and human breast cancer cell invasion. | the lysosomal cysteine proteases cathepsin b and l play important roles in tumor cell invasion. an imbalance between these cathepsins and their endogenous inhibitors, the cystatins, has been associated with development of the metastatic phenotype. accordingly, many studies have indicated potential use of cystatins in therapeutic approaches. we report a novel cystatin from sugarcane (saccharum officinarum), canecpi-4, with strong inhibitory activity against cathepsins b (k(i) = 0.83 nm) and l (k( ... | 2008 | 18208350 |
| evaluation of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis corn hybrids against cry1ab-susceptible and -resistant sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | a louisiana strain of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.) (lepidoptera: crambidae), was selected for resistance to the crylab protein of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) by using an f2 screening procedure. survival of bt-resistant, -susceptible, and -heterozygous genotypes of sugarcane borer was evaluated on vegetative and reproductive stages of five non-bt and seven bt field corn, zea mays l., hybrids in a greenhouse study. larval survival was recorded 21 d after infestation of neonates o ... | 2007 | 18232406 |
| [comparative qtl mapping of resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus in maize based on bioinformatics]. | the development of genomics and bioinformatics offers new tools for comparative gene mapping. in this paper, an integrated qtl map for sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) resistance in maize was constructed by compiling a total of 81 qtl loci available with the genetic map ibm2 2005 neighbors as reference. these 81 qtl loci were scattered on 7 chromosomes of maize, and most of them was clustered on chromosome 3 and 6. by using meta- analysis method, we identified one and two "consensus qtls" on chromo ... | 2008 | 18244910 |
| effect of carbon sources on the induction of xylanolytic-cellulolytic multienzyme complexes in paenibacillus curdlanolyticus strain b-6. | the effect of polymeric substances such as alpha-cellulose, birchwood xylan, corn hull, and sugarcane bagasse, and of soluble sugars such as l-arabinose, d-galactose, d-glucose, d-xylose, and cellobiose, on the induction of multienzyme complexes in a facultatively anaerobic bacterium, paenibacillus curdlanolyticus b-6, was investigated under aerobic conditions. cells and culture supernatants of strain b-6 grown on different carbon sources were analyzed. cells grown on each carbon source adhered ... | 2008 | 18256505 |
| dna gyrase from the albicidin producer xanthomonas albilineans has multiple-antibiotic-resistance and unusual enzymatic properties. | the sugarcane pathogen xanthomonas albilineans produces a family of antibiotics and phytotoxins termed albicidins, which inhibit plant and bacterial dna gyrase supercoiling activity, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (50 nm) comparable to those of coumarins and quinolones. here we show that x. albilineans has an unusual, antibiotic-resistant dna gyrase. the x. albilineans gyra and gyrb genes are not clustered with previously described albicidin biosynthesis and self-protection genes. the gyra ... | 2008 | 18268084 |
| effects of supplement type and selenium source on measures of growth and selenium status in yearling beef steers. | sugarcane molasses is a widely used animal feed by-product, but is concentrated in s (approximately 1%, dm basis) and has been shown to reduce the cu status of cattle. dietary s may also antagonize se; therefore, two 90-d studies were conducted with forage-fed, yearling steers (12 pens; 2 steers/pen for each study) to investigate the impact of molasses supplementation on measures of se status. in exp. 1, steers were assigned isonitrogenous supplements with equivalent amounts of tdn from 2 source ... | 2008 | 18272852 |
| nematodes of rhynchophorus palmarum, l. (coleoptera: curculionidae), vector of the red ring disease in coconut plantations from the north of the rio de janeiro state. | rhynchophorus palmarum, the palm weevil, has been reported as a pest of palms and sugarcane plants. the red ring disease is an infectious plant disease caused by nematodes. the etiological agent, bursaphelencus (rhadinaphelencus) cocophilus (nematoda: aphelenchoididae), completes its life cycle within 9 to 10 days inside the palm tree. the main symptom is a permanent wilting of the plant aerial parts. previous studies stated that b. cocophilus cohabits with other nematodes the gut of r. palmarum ... | 2008 | 18278512 |
| contrasting effects of hc-pro and 2b viral suppressors from sugarcane mosaic virus and tomato aspermy cucumovirus on the accumulation of sirnas. | rna silencing and suppression of silencing are host and virus interactions for defense and counter-defense. here, we explored the function effect of hc-pro encoded by sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) on the suppression of rna silencing. sirna northern blotting assay indicated that the replication of scmv was regulated by host rna silencing machinery. co-expression assay demonstrated that the hc-pro encoded by scmv suppressed the rna silencing induced by sense rna and dsrna. transitive rna silencing ... | 2008 | 18280529 |
| soderf3, a novel sugarcane ethylene responsive factor (erf), enhances salt and drought tolerance when overexpressed in tobacco plants. | the molecular signals and pathways that govern biotic and abiotic stress responses in sugarcane are poorly understood. here we describe soderf3, a sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l. cv ja60-5) cdna that encodes a 201-amino acid dna-binding protein that acts as a transcriptional regulator of the ethylene responsive factor (erf) superfamily. like other erf transcription factors, the soderf3 protein binds to the gcc box, and its deduced amino acid sequence contains an n-terminal putative nuclear l ... | 2008 | 18281696 |
| genetic variability of genome segments 3 and 9 of fiji disease virus field isolates. | fiji leaf gall is an important disease of sugarcane in australia and other asia-pacific countries. the causative agent is the reovirus fiji disease virus (fdv). previous reports indicate that there is variation in pathology between virus isolates. to investigate the amount of genetic variation found in fdv, 25 field isolates from australia, papua new guinea and malaysia were analysed by partial sequencing of genome segments s3 and s9. there was up to 15% divergence in the nucleotide sequence amo ... | 2008 | 18299794 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in colletotrichum falcatum and c. acutatum. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) is becoming an effective system as an insertional mutagenesis tool in filamentous fungi. we developed and optimized atmt for two colletotrichum species, c. falcatum and c. acutatum, which are the causal agents of sugarcane red rot and pepper anthracnose, respectively. a. tumefaciens strain sk1044, carrying a hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hph) and a green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene, was used to transform the conidia of these two c ... | 2008 | 18309266 |
| sugarcane bagasse mild alkaline/oxidative pretreatment for ethanol production by alkaline recycle process. | in order to decrease the alkali and water consumptions in the sugarcane bagasse alkaline/oxidative pretreatment for ethanol production, an alkaline recycle process was carried out. two recycles of naoh/h2o2 pretreatment did not decrease the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiencies and the consumptions of naoh and water would be saved by 26% and 40%, respectively. a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) culture with pretreated bagasse as substrate was developed giving 25 ... | 2008 | 18327542 |
| variation in acquisition of fiji disease virus by perkinsiella saccharicida (hemiptera: delphacidae). | fiji leaf gall, caused the fiji disease virus (genus fijivirus, family reoviridae, fdv), is a serious disease of sugarcane, saccharum officinarum l., in australia and several other asia-pacific countries. in australia fdv is transmitted only by the planthopper perkinsiella saccharicida kirkaldy (hemiptera: delphacidae), in a propagative manner. successful transmission of fdv by single planthoppers confined to individual virus free plants is highly variable, even under controlled conditions. the ... | 2008 | 18330111 |
| comparison of pretreatment strategies of sugarcane baggase: experimental design for citric acid production. | solid state fermentation was carried out to compare efficiency of acid, alkaline and urea pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for production of citric acid using aspergillus niger atcc 9142. plackett-burman statistical design was used to evaluate significance of variables. pretreatment of bagasse by urea was known as the most influential treatment to increase citric acid production (137.6g/kg of dry sugarcane bagasse and citric acid yield of 96% based on sugar consumed). finally, up scaling was ac ... | 2008 | 18334291 |
| protein expression profile of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal5, a sugarcane endophytic plant growth-promoting bacterium. | this is the first broad proteomic description of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, an endophytic bacterium, responsible for the major fraction of the atmospheric nitrogen fixed in sugarcane in tropical regions. proteomic coverage of g. diazotrophicus pal5 was obtained by two independent approaches: 2-de followed by maldi-tof or tof-tof ms and 1-de followed by chromatography in a c18 column online coupled to an esi-q-tof or esi-it mass spectrometer. the 583 identified proteins were sorted into fu ... | 2008 | 18340630 |
| comparison of three methods of parasitoid polydnavirus genomic dna isolation to facilitate polydnavirus genomic sequencing. | a major long-term goal of polydnavirus (pdv) genome research is to identify novel virally encoded molecules that may serve as biopesticides to target insect pests that threaten agriculture and human health. as pdv viral replication in cell culture in vitro has not yet been achieved, several thousands of wasps must be dissected to yield enough viral dna from the adult ovaries to carry out pdv genomic sequencing. this study compares three methods of pdv genomic dna isolation for the pdv of cotesia ... | 2008 | 18348210 |
| relationships between chemical properties of larval media and development of two stomoxys species (diptera: muscidae) from reunion island. | the development of two cattle pests, stomoxys calcitrans l. and stomoxys niger niger macquart (diptera: muscidae), was studied in the laboratory using seven potential larval media from a dairy farm on reunion island. the media were six types of cattle feed and an old manure medium. egg-to-adult survival, duration of development, and adult live weight at emergence were determined for both fly species on each medium. the media were analyzed for ph, nitrogen, organic matter, and structural compound ... | 2008 | 18348795 |
| effects of soybean proteinase inhibitors on development of the soil mite scheloribates praeincisus (acari: oribatida). | proteinase inhibitors (pi) are present in plant tissues, especially in seeds, and act as a defense mechanism against herbivores and pathogens. serine pi from soybean such as bowman-birk (bbpi) and kunitz have been used to enhance resistance of sugarcane varieties to the sugarcane borer diatraea saccharalis (fabricius) (lepidoptera: crambidae), the major pest of this crop. the use of these genetically-modified plants (gm) expressing pi requires knowledge of its sustainability and environmental sa ... | 2008 | 18357504 |
| the genomic sequence and biological properties of pennisetum mosaic virus, a novel monocot-infecting potyvirus. | the complete nucleotide sequences of two isolates of pennisetum mosaic virus (penmv) were determined. the viral genome comprised 9,611 nucleotides (nt) excluding the 3'-terminal poly(a) sequence, with the capacity of encoding a single polyprotein of 3,065 amino acids. the large open reading frame is flanked by a 172-nt 5'-untranslated region (utr) and a 244-nt 3'-utr. sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of the complete genome and polyproteins suggest that penmv is closely related to o ... | 2008 | 18365128 |
| differential expression analysis by cdna-aflp of saccharum spp. after inoculation with the host pathogen sporisorium scitamineum. | a differential expression study on the saccharum spp.-sporisorium scitamineum pathogenic interaction was carried out in the susceptible ja60-5 and the resistant m31/45 genotypes. using cdna-aflp analysis, a total of 64 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) was found to be differentially expressed, with the majority (67.2%) of the differential tdfs up-regulated in the resistant m31/45 cultivar. the plant response against s. scitamineum infection was complex, representing major genes involved in oxi ... | 2008 | 18379790 |
| genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria which could be find in the apoplastic sap of the medullary parenchym of the stem of healthy sugarcane plants. | the genetic diversity of 29 endophytic bacterial strains isolated from apoplastic sap of the medullary parenchym of the stem of healthy sugarcane plants grown in cuba was analysed by two primers-ramdom amplified polymorphic dna fingerprinting (tp-rapd) and 16s rrna gene sequencing. the strains were distributed into 17 groups on the basis of their tp-rapd patterns, and a representative strain from each group was subjected to 16s rrna gene sequencing. analysis of these sequences showed that the is ... | 2008 | 18383223 |
| batch fermentation model of propionic acid production by propionibacterium acidipropionici in different carbon sources. | propionic acid (pa) is widely used as additive in animal feed and also in the manufacturing of cellulose-based plastics, herbicides, and perfumes. salts of propionic acid are used as preservative in food. pa is mainly produced by chemical synthesis. nowadays, pa production by fermentation of low-cost industrial wastes or renewable sources has been an interesting alternative. in the present investigation, pa production by propionibacterium acidipropionici atcc 4965 was studied using a basal mediu ... | 2008 | 18386184 |
| a comparison between lime and alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse for ethanol production. | pretreatment procedures of sugarcane bagasse with lime (calcium hydroxide) or alkaline hydrogen peroxide were evaluated and compared. analyses were performed using 2(3) factorial designs, with pretreatment time, temperature, and lime loading and hydrogen peroxide concentration as factors. the responses evaluated were the yield of total reducing sugars (trs) and glucose released from pretreated bagasse after enzymatic hydrolysis. experiments were performed using the bagasse, as it comes from an a ... | 2008 | 18404254 |
| effects of entomopathogenic bacterium photorhabdus temperata infection on the intestinal microbiota of the sugarcane stalk borer diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae). | photorhabdus temperata is an entomopathogenic bacterium that is associated with nematodes of the heterorhabditidae family in a symbiotic relationship. this study investigated the effects of p. temperata infection on the intestinal microbiota of the sugarcane stalk borer diatraea saccharalis. histopathology of the infection was also investigated using scanning electron microscopy. groups of 20 larvae were infected by injection of approximately 50 bacterial cells directly into the hemocoel. after ... | 2008 | 18406423 |
| analysis of kinetic and operational parameters in a structured model for acrylic acid production through experimental design. | in biotechnological processes, a great number of factors can influence the income productivity and conversion. normally, it is not evident which of these factors are the most important and how they interact. in this work, multivariate analysis techniques are used as experimental design coupled to a detailed deterministic model to identify the parameters with the most significant impact on the model to represent well the acrylic acid production process. it is proposed as an alternative process, h ... | 2008 | 18418750 |
| characterization and genetic diversity of sugarcane streak mosaic virus causing mosaic in sugarcane. | sixty-three sugarcane leaf samples were collected from fifty-eight sugarcane varieties, evolved from eleven major sugarcane growing states in india, australia, south africa and usa. in rt-pcr, using gene specific primers for sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv)-cp, 58 of 63 sugarcane samples were found positive to the virus infection and rest of the five samples were negative. partial cp gene sequences of 42 scsmv isolates including an isolate from aphid colony (melanaphis indosacchari) infeste ... | 2008 | 18427969 |
| viruses causing mosaic disease in sugarcane and their genetic diversity in southern china. | a survey of cultivated hybrid sugarcane (saccharum inter-specific hybrid) and noble sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) in southern china for the presence of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) and sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv) was conducted by rt-pcr from the years 2003 to 2006. scmv and srmv, but not scsmv, were found. a high incidence of scmv and srmv coinfection was revealed in both hybrid and noble sugarcanes. all coinfected plants showed mosaic symptom, whereas ... | 2008 | 18438601 |
| predicting economic losses from the continued spread of the mexican rice borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | the mexican rice borer, eoreuma loftini (dyar) (lepidoptera: crambidae), is an invasive species that originated from mexico, and it is threatening to cause major economic losses to sugarcane, saccharum spp., and rice, oryza sativa l., industries in louisiana. the insect is expected to reach sugarcane and rice production areas in louisiana by 2008, and infest all of louisiana sugarcane and rice industries by 2035. when all sugarcane in louisiana becomes infested, annual yield losses of $220 milli ... | 2008 | 18459384 |
| allele frequency of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ab corn in louisiana populations of sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) corn, zea mays l., has been widely used to manage a corn borer complex in the mid-southern region of the united states. the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.) (lepidoptera: crambidae), has become a dominant cornstalk boring species in some areas of this region, especially in louisiana. therefore, management of sugarcane borer resistance to bt corn is critical to ensure the long-term sustainability of bt corn for the region. this study screened 280 t ... | 2008 | 18459416 |
| [climatic aspects in hantavirus transmission areas in são paulo state, brazil]. | the objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of reported hantavirus cases in são paulo state, brazil (n = 80), from 1993 to 2005 and identify local climatic patterns during this period. kernel point estimation of density was used to show the highest concentrations in ribeirão preto, são carlos, franca, tupi paulista, and greater são paulo. increase in the number of cases during this period suggests disease dissemination even when considering increased diagnostic capaci ... | 2008 | 18461243 |
| microbial utilization and biopolyester synthesis of bagasse hydrolysates. | cellulosic biomass is a potentially inexpensive renewable feedstock for the biorefineries of fuels, chemicals and materials. sugarcane bagasse was pretreated in dilute acid solution under moderately severe conditions, releasing sugars and other hydrolysates including volatile organic acids, furfurals and acid soluble lignin. utilization of the hydrolysates by an aerobic bacterium, ralstonia eutropha, was investigated to determine if the organic inhibitors can be removed for potential recycling a ... | 2008 | 18474421 |
| efficacy of organophosphorus derivatives containing chalcones/chalcone semicarbazones against fungal pathogens of sugarcane. | ten newly synthesized organophosphorus derivatives containing substituted chalcones and substituted chalcone semicarbazones were tested for their antifungal efficacy against colletotrichum falcatum, fusarium oxysporum, curvularia pallescens (all sugarcane pathogens). the o,o-diethylphosphate derivatives containing 2-chlorochalcone and 2-chlorochalcone semicarbazone exhibited 70-85% mycelial inhibition against all the test fungi at 1000 ppm. the screening results were correlated with structural f ... | 2002 | 18476009 |