| comparative cross-species alternative splicing in plants. | alternative splicing (as) can add significantly to genome complexity. plants are thought to exhibit less as than animals. an algorithm, based on expressed sequence tag (est) pairs gapped alignment, was developed that takes advantage of the relatively small intron and exon size in plants and directly compares pairs of ests to search for as. est pairs gapped alignment was first evaluated in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), rice (oryza sativa), and tomato (solanum lycopersicum) for which annotat ... | 2007 | 17496110 |
| characterization of s-nitrosoglutathione reductase from brassica and lactuca spp. and its modulation during plant development. | cellular homeostasis of s-nitrosoglutathione (gsno), a major cache of nitric oxide bioactivity in plants, is controlled by the nadh-dependent s-nitrosoglutathione reductase (gsnor) belonging to the family of class iii alcohol dehydrogenases (ec 1.1.1.1). gsnor is a key regulator of s-nitrosothiol metabolism and is involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. this study was focused on gsnor from two important crop plants, cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis, bogsnor) and l ... | 2016 | 27940345 |
| enhanced proton translocating pyrophosphatase activity improves nitrogen use efficiency in romaine lettuce. | plant nitrate (no3(-)) acquisition depends on the combined activities of root high- and low-affinity no3(-) transporters and the proton gradient generated by the plasma membrane h(+)-atpase. these processes are coordinated with photosynthesis and the carbon status of the plant. here, we present the characterization of romaine lettuce (lactuca sativa 'conquistador') plants engineered to overexpress an intragenic gain-of-function allele of the type i proton translocating pyrophosphatase (h(+)-ppas ... | 2013 | 23307651 |
| expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase4 is essential for thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination but not for seed development or stress tolerance. | thermoinhibition, or failure of seeds to germinate at warm temperatures, is common in lettuce (lactuca sativa) cultivars. using a recombinant inbred line population developed from a lettuce cultivar (salinas) and thermotolerant lactuca serriola accession uc96us23 (uc), we previously mapped a quantitative trait locus associated with thermoinhibition of germination to a genomic region containing a gene encoding a key regulated enzyme in abscisic acid (aba) biosynthesis, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxy ... | 2013 | 23503626 |
| small heat shock proteins can release light dependence of tobacco seed during germination. | small heat shock proteins (shsps) function as atp-independent molecular chaperones, and although the production and function of shsps have often been described under heat stress, the expression and function of shsps in fundamental developmental processes, such as pollen and seed development, have also been confirmed. seed germination involves the breaking of dormancy and the resumption of embryo growth that accompany global changes in transcription, translation, and metabolism. in many plants, g ... | 2015 | 25604531 |
| insecticide residues in head lettuce, cabbage, chinese cabbage, and broccoli grown in fields. | the residues of four insecticides belonging to different families were studied on head lettuce (lactuca sativa l. var. capitata l.), cabbage (brassica oleracea linn. var. capitata dc.), chinese cabbage (brassica pekinensis skeels), and broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) after pesticide application. to reduce application variability, a tank mix of acetamiprid 20% sp, chlorpyrifos 22.5% ec, deltamethrin 2.4% sc, and methomyl 40% sp was applied at recommended and double doses. initial deposi ... | 2014 | 24684565 |
| exposure factors for wastewater-irrigated asian vegetables and a probabilistic rotavirus disease burden model for their consumption. | many farmers in water-scarce regions of developing countries use wastewater to irrigate vegetables and other agricultural crops, a practice that may expand with climate change. there are a number of health risks associated with wastewater irrigation for human food crops, particularly with surface irrigation techniques common in the developing world. the world health organization (who) recommends using quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) to determine if the irrigation scheme meets healt ... | 2014 | 24576153 |
| overexpression of atgrdp2, a novel glycine-rich domain protein, accelerates plant growth and improves stress tolerance. | proteins with glycine-rich signatures have been reported in a wide variety of organisms including plants, mammalians, fungi, and bacteria. plant glycine-rich protein genes exhibit developmental and tissue-specific expression patterns. herein, we present the characterization of the atgrdp2 gene using arabidopsis null and knockdown mutants and, arabidopsis and lettuce over-expression lines. atgrdp2 encodes a short glycine-rich domain protein, containing a duf1399 domain and a putative rna recognit ... | 2014 | 25653657 |
| seed germination, root elongation, root-tip mitosis, and micronucleus induction of five crop plants exposed to chromium in fluvo-aquic soil. | the present study aimed to determine the toxic effects of chromium (cr) on cabbage (brassica oleracea), cucumber (cucumis sativus), lettuce (lactuca sativa), wheat (triticum aestivum), and corn (zea mays), and identify the sensitive plant species and appropriate bioassays for potential use in phytotoxicity assessment of cr in soil. results showed that seed germination might not be a sensitive assay for assessing cr toxicity because at most of the cr levels there were no toxic effects. root elong ... | 2014 | 24318542 |
| high-throughput phenotyping of plant resistance to aphids by automated video tracking. | piercing-sucking insects are major vectors of plant viruses causing significant yield losses in crops. functional genomics of plant resistance to these insects would greatly benefit from the availability of high-throughput, quantitative phenotyping methods. | 2015 | 25657813 |
| brpspl9 (brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis spl9) controls the earliness of heading time in chinese cabbage. | the leafy heads of cabbage (brassica oleracea), chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), brussels sprouts (b. oleracea ssp. gemmifera) and lettuce (lactuca sativa) comprise extremely incurved leaves that are edible vegetable products. the heading time is important for high quality and yield of these crops. here, we report that brpspl9-2 (b. rapa ssp. pekinensis squamosa promoter binding-like 9-2), a target gene of microrna brp-mir156, controls the heading time of chinese cabbage. quantit ... | 2014 | 24237584 |
| pyrolytic treatment and fertility enhancement of soils contaminated with heavy hydrocarbons. | pyrolysis of contaminated soils at 420 °c converted recalcitrant heavy hydrocarbons into "char" (a carbonaceous material similar to petroleum coke) and enhanced soil fertility. pyrolytic treatment reduced total petroleum hydrocarbons (tph) to below regulatory standards (typically <1% by weight) within 3 h using only 40-60% of the energy required for incineration at 600-1200 °c. formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) was not observed, with post-pyrolysis levels well below applicable ... | 2016 | 26284736 |
| nitrification of leachates from manure composting under field conditions and their use in horticulture. | this work aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of nitrification applied to the treatment of leachates formed during composting of cattle and pig manure in order to promote their further use as liquid fertilizer in horticulture. nitrification trials were successfully conducted in summer and winter seasons under mediterranean climate conditions. subsequently, effect of using the nitrified effluents as nutritive solution in the fertigation of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) was assessed in terms of pro ... | 2015 | 26239938 |
| effects of biochar and alkaline amendments on cadmium immobilization, selected nutrient and cadmium concentrations of lettuce (lactuca sativa) in two contrasting soils. | to assess the efficiency of seven treatments including biochars produced from dried faecal matter and manures as stabilizing agents of cadmium (cd)-spiked soils, lettuce was grown in glasshouse on two contrasting soils. the soils used were moderately fertile silty loam and less fertile sandy loam and the applied treatments were 7 % w/w. the reduction of bioavailable cd (ammonium nitrate extractable) and its phytoavailability for lettuce were used as assessment criteria in the evaluation of stabi ... | 2016 | 27047723 |
| effect of induced oxidative stress and herbal extracts on acid phosphatase activity in lysosomal and microsomal fractions of midgut tissue of the silkworm, bombyx mori. | lysosomal and microsomal acid phosphatase activity was estimated in midgut tissue of silkworm larvae, bombyx mori l. (lepidoptera: bombycidae), after induced oxidative stress by d-galactose. the larvae were simultaneously were treated with ethanolic extracts of bacopa monniera and lactuca sativa to study their antioxidant properties. lipid peroxidation and fluorescence was measured to analyze extent of oxidative stress. the ethanolic extract of lactuca sativa was found to be more effective in pr ... | 2010 | 20874583 |
| hydroxamic acid content and toxicity of rye at selected growth stages. | rye (secale cereale l.) is an important cover crop that provides many benefits to cropping systems including weed and pest suppression resulting from allelopathic substances. hydroxamic acids have been identified as allelopathic compounds in rye. this research was conducted to improve the methodology for quantifying hydroxamic acids and to determine the relationship between hydroxamic acid content and phytotoxicity of extracts of rye root and shoot tissue harvested at selected growth stages. det ... | 2005 | 16222814 |
| the natural compound benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one selectively retards cell cycle in lettuce root meristems. | benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) is a natural plant product that is phytotoxic to target plant species, inhibiting germination and growth and causing oxidative damage. we investigated its effects on the root meristems of seedlings of lettuce (lactuca sativa) by means of light and transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and conventional determination of mitotic index. flow cytometry analyses and mitotic index showed a retard of cell cycle in boa-treated meristems with selective activity at ... | 2008 | 18597799 |
| toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid to plants and aquatic invertebrates. | acute toxicities of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) were tested on four freshwater species and three plant species. pfos was more toxic than pfoa for all species tested in this study. similar time-response patterns of pfos and pfoa toxicity were observed for each tested species. values of the 48-h lc(50) of pfos for all test species ranged from 27 to 233 mg/l and values of the 96-h lc(50) for three of the species ranged from 10 to 178 mg/l. values of the 48-h l ... | 2009 | 18461560 |
| 2-3h-benzoxazolinone (boa) induces loss of salt tolerance in salt-adapted plants. | in order to test the stress hypothesis of allelopathy of reigosa et al. (1999, 2002), the combined action of a well-established allelochemical compound (2-3h-benzoxazolinone, boa) and a common abiotic stress (salt stress) were investigated in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). in a previous study (baerson et al. 2005), we demonstrated that the primary effects of boa are related to the expression of genes involved in detoxification and stress responses, which might serve to simultaneously alleviate bio ... | 2009 | 19538396 |
| benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) induced changes in leaf water relations, photosynthesis and carbon isotope discrimination in lactuca sativa. | the effects are reported here of benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa), an allelopathic compound, on plant water relations, growth, components of chlorophyll fluorescence, and carbon isotope discrimination in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). lettuce seedlings were grown in 1:1 hoagland solution in perlite culture medium in environmentally controlled glasshouse. after 30 days, boa was applied at concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm and distilled water (control). boa, in the range (0.1-1.5 mm), decreased ... | 2011 | 21665486 |
| the newly isolated endophytic fungus paraconiothyrium sp. lk1 produces ascotoxin. | we have isolated five endophytic fungi from the roots of capsicum annuum, cucumis sativus and glycine max. the culture filtrates (cf) of these endophytes were screened on dwarf mutant rice (waito-c) and normal rice (dongjin-byeo). endophyte cac-1a significantly inhibited the growth of waito-c and dongjin-byeo. endophyte cac-1a was identified as paraconiothyrium sp. by sequencing the its rdna region and phylogenetic analysis. the ethyl acetate fraction of paraconiothyrium sp. suppressed the germi ... | 2012 | 22267195 |
| food, feeding rates and assimilation in woodland snails. | analyses of the faeces of seven species of woodland, litterdwelling snails (marpessa laminata, clausilia bidentata, oxychilus cellarius, o. alliarius, discus rotundatus, arianta arbustorum and hygromia striolata), showed that all feed predominently on higher plant material, be it living or dead. h. striolata and a. arbustorum took more chlorophyll-containing plant material than the other species, d. rotundatus had a significant amount of fungus in its faeces, while the faeces of o. cellarius and ... | 1970 | 28309717 |
| radionuclides: accumulation and transport in plants. | application of radioactive elements or radionuclides for anthropogenic use is a widespread phenomenon nowadays. radionuclides undergo radioactive decays releasing ionizing radiation like gamma ray(s) and/or alpha or beta particles that can displace electrons in the living matter (like in dna) and disturb its function. radionuclides are highly hazardous pollutants of considerable impact on the environment, food chain and human health. cleaning up of the contaminated environment through plants is ... | 2017 | 27300012 |
| structure elucidation and phytotoxicity of ecdysteroids from chenopodium album. | the leaves of chenopodium album were infused in h2o/meoh. the extract treated with cold acetone gave heavy precipitation, which was removed by centrifugation. solid material was fractionated into acidic and neutral fractions. the acidic material was subjected to different silica-gel column chromatographies, and then it was purified by reversed-phase hplc to afford four known ecdysteroids and the new 3beta,14alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-pregn-7-ene-2,6,20-trione that were characterized by extensive spec ... | 2005 | 17191993 |
| chenoalbicin, a novel cinnamic acid amide alkaloid from chenopodium album. | the roots of chenopodium album were infused in meoh, and the extract was partitioned between acoet and h2o. acoet-soluble material was subjected to different silica-gel column chromatographies and then purified by reverse-phase hplc to afford a new cinnamic acid amide alkaloid as a racemic mixture. the new compound, named chenoalbicin (1), was characterized by extensive spectroscopic investigation, especially 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy. its effects on the germination and growth of lactuca sativa ... | 2004 | 17191801 |
| isolation and phytotoxicity of apocarotenoids from chenopodium album. | two new compounds (1, 2) and 16 apocarotenoids (3-18) were isolated from the weed chenopodium album. the structures of new apocarotenoids were determined to be (3r,6r,7e,9e,11e)-3-hydroxy-13-apo-alpha-caroten-13-one (1) and (6s,7e,9e,11e)-3-oxo-13-apo-alpha-caroten-13-one (2) by spectroscopic, nmr, and ms analysis. five of the known compounds (5, 6, 13, 15, and 17) were previously reported only as synthetic compounds. effects of these compounds on germination and growth of lactuca sativa (lettuc ... | 2004 | 15387648 |
| cadmium accumulation in leaves of leafy vegetables. | leafy vegetables have a relatively high potential for cd uptake and translocation, and are thus considered cd accumulators. for this reason, leaves and roots of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and endive (cichorium endivia l.) plants, grown on different agricultural soils in campania region (southern italy), subjected to different fertilisation treatments (unfertilisation, compost amendment and mineral fertilisation), were analysed for cd concentrations. moreover, to clarify if the highest concentra ... | 2016 | 26004982 |
| lox-dependent gene expression in transgenic plants obtained via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | lox sites of the cre/lox recombination system from bacteriophage p1 were analyzed for their ability to affect on transgene expression when inserted upstream from a gene coding sequence adjacent to the right border (rb) of t-dna. wild and mutated types of lox sites were tested for their effect upon bar gene expression in plants obtained via agrobacterium-mediated and biolistic transformation methods. lox-mediated expression of bar gene, recognized by resistance of transgenic plants to ppt, occurr ... | 2013 | 23821951 |
| contribution to the traditional uses of medicinal plants of turgutlu (manisa--turkey). | the aim of this study is to document and describe important ethnobotanical features of 14 villages of turgutlu (manisa - turkey). | 2015 | 26494509 |
| promotion of seed germination by nitrate, nitrite, hydroxylamine, and ammonium salts. | action and uptake of azides, nitrates, nitrites, hydroxylamines, and ammonium salts were measured on germination of amaranthus albus, lactuca sativa, phleum pratense, barbarea vulgaris, b. verna, and setaria glauca seeds. nitrate and nitrite reductase activities were measured in vivo for each of these kinds of seeds. activities were measured in vitro for catalase, peroxidase, glycolate oxidase, and pyridine nucleotide quinone reductase on extracts of a. albus and l. sativa seeds before and after ... | 1974 | 16658878 |
| study of a case of hypersensitivity to lettuce (lactuca sativa). | allergic reactions to lettuce (lactuca sativa) are not too frequent and few cases of systemic adverse reactions after its ingestion have been described. | 1998 | 9756210 |
| [in process citation] | this study focuses on how allelopathic mechanisms may be involved in the floristic composition and dynamics of cistus albidus shrubbery. allelopathic potential of essential oils was measured for lactuca sativa (toxicity for other species) and cistus albidus (self-toxicity). these oils have little effect on germination but significantly increase, even in low quantities, the number of unviable seedlings and inhibit normal seedling growth. these results explain, at least partially, the existence of ... | 1999 | 10505240 |
| systemic allergic dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactones. | patients with compositae sensitization are routinely warned against the ingestion of vegetables, spices, teas and herbal remedies from this family of plants. the evidence for the occurrence of systemic allergic dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactone-containing plants is mostly anecdotal and based on statements from patients rather than scientific data. however, a few clinical reports on accidental sensitization and exposure and oral challenge prove the existence of this kind of reaction, mos ... | 2017 | 27568784 |
| comparative biochemical and immunological studies of the glycine betaine synthesis pathway in diverse families of dicotyledons. | members of the chenopodiaceae can accumulate high levels (>100 μmol·(g dw)(-1)) of glycine betaine (betaine) in leaves when salinized. chenopodiaceae synthesize betaine by a two-step oxidation of choline (choline→betaine aldehyde→ betaine), with the second step catalyzed by betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh, ec 1.2.1.8). high betaine levels have also been reported in leaves of species from several distantly-related families of dicotyledons, raising the question of whether the same betaine-syn ... | 1989 | 24212901 |
| activation of aniline by extracts from plants and induction of chromosomal damages in chinese hamster ovary cells. | activation of aniline by plant extracts was studied by a chromosomal damage induction assay in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells in vitro. extracts from roots of vicia faba activated aniline and the activation caused increases in chromosomal aberrations (cas) and endoreduplicated cells (ercs), but did not cause sister-chromatid exchanges (sces). extracts from pisum sativum and lactuca sativa, however, did not activate aniline. all c-hydroxylated metabolites of aniline, o-aminophenol, m-aminophen ... | 1996 | 9037777 |
| identification of safranal as the main allelochemical from saffron (crocus sativus). | dried parts of 75 medicinal plant species collected from different regions in iran were assayed by the dish pack method for volatile allelopathic activity, using lactuca sativa (lettuce) as the test plant. the highest (60%) inhibition was observed for saffron (stigma of crocus sativus), followed by dracocephalum kotschyi, solanum nigrum and artemisia aucheri. safranal was identified as the main chemical by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (hs- gc-ms) analyses of saffron. moreover, ... | 2015 | 26058156 |
| effects of industrial wastewater on growth and biomass production in commonly grown vegetables. | in developing countries like pakistan, irrigation of crops with industrial and municipal wastewater is a common practice. however, the impact of wastewater irrigation on vegetables growth has rarely been studied. therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of industrial wastewater on the germination and seedling growth of some commonly grown vegetables in pakistan. wastewater samples were collected from two different industries (marble industry and match alam factory) at h ... | 2016 | 27149970 |
| the challenge of peat substitution in organic seedling production: optimization of growing media formulation through mixture design and response surface analysis. | peat replacement is an increasing demand in containerized and transplant production, due to the environmental constraints associated to peat use. however, despite the wide information concerning the use of alternative materials as substrates, it is very complex to establish the best materials and mixtures. this work evaluates the use of mixture design and surface response methodology in a peat substitution experiment using two alternative materials (green compost and palm fibre trunk waste) for ... | 2015 | 26070163 |
| cantaloupe melon peroxidase: characterization and effects of additives on activity. | peroxidase in cantaloupe melon (cucumis melo l. var. reticulatus naud.), a fruit commonly fresh cut processed, was characterized to determine reaction pathway, optimal conditions for activity and effect of some additives on enzymatic action. mn2+, cacl2, nano2 and kinetin had partial inhibitory effects on enzyme activity. activity was effectively inhibited by compounds capable of chelating peroxidase heme iron such as diethyldithiocarbamate and tiron, but unaffected by edta. free radical scaveng ... | 2000 | 10907237 |
| ecotoxicological assessment of glyphosate-based herbicides: effects on different organisms. | glyphosate-based herbicides are the most commonly used worldwide because they are effective and relatively nontoxic to nontarget species. unlimited and uncontrolled use of such pesticides can have serious consequences for human health and ecological balance. the present study evaluated the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 2 glyphosate-based formulations, roundup original (roundup) and glyphosate akb 480 (akb), on different organisms: cucumber (cucumis sativus), lettuce (lactuca sativa), and to ... | 2016 | 27517480 |
| distribution and accumulative pattern of tetracyclines and sulfonamides in edible vegetables of cucumber, tomato, and lettuce. | veterinary antibiotics can be released to environment by the animals' excretions, which thereby poses human health and ecological risks. six antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfadimethoxine) at three concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg kg(-1) soil) were employed in pots filled with a loamy sand upland soil. three types of vegetable seedlings, including cucumber (cucumis sativus), cherry tomato (solanum lycopersicum), and lettuce ( ... | 2015 | 25495233 |
| composting of waste paint sludge containing melamine resin and the compost's effect on vegetable growth and soil water quality. | melamine resin (mr) is introduced to the environment from many industrial effluents, including waste paint sludge (wps) from the automobile industry. melamine resin contains a high nitrogen (n) content and is a potential n source during composting. in this study, two carbon sources, waste paper (wp) and plant residue (pr), were used to study their effects on composting of wps. additional work tested the wps-composts effects on plant growth and soil water quality. after 84 days of composting, 85% ... | 2012 | 23127275 |
| effect of combined physico-chemical processes on the phytotoxicity of olive mill wastewaters. | a pool of laboratory experiments is planned with the aim of evaluating the possibility to reduce the phytotoxicity of olive mill wastewater (omw) with combined physico-chemical processes (centrifugation-ozonation, centrifugation-solar photolysis, centrifugation-solar modified photofenton, centrifugation-solar modified photofenton-ozonation). a moderate cod removal of an omw is reached by using ozonation or solar modified photofenton separately or solar modified photofenton/o(3) combined process ... | 2008 | 18006039 |
| uptake of perchlorate in terrestrial plants. | cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), and soybean (glycine max) were used to determine uptake of the perchlorate anion (100 ppb) from sand. plants were watered with different ratios of hydrosol (a diluted solution of peters all-purpose plant food) to milli-q water (18 momega) to determine if the presence of other nutrients (such as nitrate) influenced perchlorate uptake. perchlorate concentrations in sand and plant tissues were determined weekly. perchlorate uptake was obse ... | 2004 | 15087162 |
| phytotoxicity to and uptake of enrofloxacin in crop plants. | phytotoxicity of enrofloxacin on crop plants cucumis sativus, lactuca sativa, phaseolus vulgaris and raphanus sativus was determined in a laboratory model: the effect of 50, 100 and 5000 microgl(-1) were evaluated after 30 days exposure by measuring post-germinative growth of primary root, hypocotyl, cotyledons and leaves. concentrations between 50 and 5000 microgl(-1) induced both toxic effect and hormesis in plants, by significantly modifying both length of primary root, hypocotyl, cotyledons ... | 2003 | 12821004 |
| application of chemicals in organic solvents to dry seeds. | various chemicals were applied to dry seeds by means of organic solvents. the gibberellic acid-treated (1 mm) lettuce seeds (lactuca sativa l.) germinated nearly 100% in the dark even after prolonged storage, and those treated with abscisic acid (1 mm or 0.5 mm) failed to germinate in the light. the seedlings emerging from morphactin-treated (1 mm) cucumber seeds (cucumis sativus l.) exhibited profound changes in morphology. different combinations of hormones applied to lettuce seeds caused a pr ... | 1973 | 16658505 |
| copper, nickel and zinc accumulations in lettuce grown in soil amended with contaminated cattle manure vermicompost after sequential cultivations. | the cu, ni and zn accumulations in leaves and roots of lettuce (lactuca sativa l) grown in soil amended with natural and contaminated cattle manure vermicompost were evaluated. the vermicompost residues containing relatively high metal concentrations used in this work were obtained from a previous experiment, in which vermicompost was applied to removing metals from electroplating wastes. sequential lettuce cultivations were conducted in pots containing the residual substrates from the first cul ... | 2013 | 23837328 |
| effects of soil dilution and amendments (mussel shell, cow bone, and biochar) on pb availability and phytotoxicity in military shooting range soil. | bioavailability and bioaccessibility determine the level of metal toxicity in the soils. inorganic soil amendments may decrease metal bioavailability and enhance soil quality. this study used mussel shell, cow bone, and biochar to reduce lead (pb) toxicity in the highly contaminated military shooting range soil in korea. water-soluble and 1-m ammonium nitrate extractions, and a modified physiologically based extraction test (pbet) were performed to determine pb bioavailability and bioaccessibili ... | 2012 | 22266035 |
| toxicity assessment of oil field produced water treated by evaporative processes to produce water to irrigation. | during the productive life of an oil well, a high quantity of produced water is extracted together with the oil, and it may achieve up to 99% in the end of the well's economical life. desalination is one of mankind's earliest forms of saline water treatment, and nowadays, it is still a common process used throughout the world. a single-effect mechanical vapor compression (mvc) process was tested. this paper aims to assess the potential toxicity of produced water to be re-used in irrigation. samp ... | 2010 | 20706017 |
| removal of phyto-accessible copper from contaminated soils using zero valent iron amendment and magnetic separation methods: assessment of residual toxicity using plant and metplate™ studies. | zero valent iron (zvi) has been widely tested and used in remediation of both contaminated soils and groundwater, and in general, the in situ amendment of the contaminated media is used as remediation approach. however, concerns remain as to the potential detrimental effects of both the immobilized zvi and the adsorbed pollutants as the treated system could undergo transformations over time. accordingly, plans for soil remediation by in situ immobilization of sorbents should include a long-term ... | 2016 | 27661723 |
| environmental and potential health effects of growing leafy vegetables on soil irrigated using sewage sludge and effluent: a case of zn and cu. | the use of sewage sludge and effluent as a source of nutrients and water for crop production is increasing worldwide. a study was conducted in 2001 at pension farm (near harare) to determine the effect of long term (>30 yrs) application of sewage sludge and effluent on zn and cu accumulation in top soil, uptake of these metals by lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and mustard rape (brassica juncea l.), and dry matter yield. application of sewage sludge/effluent significantly (p<0.001) increased total z ... | 2004 | 15186034 |
| irrigation with industrial wastewater activates antioxidant system and osmoprotectant accumulation in lettuce, turnip and tomato plants. | we focused on the impact of industrial wastes on the water quality of the el-amia drain in egypt and the effect of irrigation with industrial wastewater on the growth, cell membranes, photosynthetic pigment content, the antioxidant system and selected osmoprotectants (proline, total amino nitrogen and soluble sugars) in three crop plants: turnip, tomato and lettuce. furthermore, the present work focused on the analysis of the heavy metal content and its accumulation in the studied plants. for th ... | 2013 | 23790475 |
| scale up of 2,4-dichlorophenol removal from aqueous solutions using brassica napus hairy roots. | chlorophenols are harmful pollutants, frequently found in the effluents of several industries. for this reason, many environmental friendly technologies are being explored for their removal from industrial wastewaters. the aim of the present work was to study the scale up of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) removal from synthetic wastewater, using brassica napus hairy roots and h(2)o(2) in a discontinuous stirred tank reactor. we have analyzed some operational conditions, because the scale up of suc ... | 2011 | 20951495 |
| phytohormone profile in lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea plants grown under zn deficiency. | phytohormones, structurally diverse compounds, are involved in multiple processes within plants, such as controlling plant growth and stress response. zn is an essential micronutrient for plants and its deficiency causes large economic losses in crops. therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the role of phytohormones in the zn-deficiency response of two economically important species, i.e. lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea. for this, these two species were grown hydroponically wit ... | 2016 | 27543253 |
| comparative study of zn deficiency in l. sativa and b. oleracea plants: nh4(+) assimilation and nitrogen derived protective compounds. | zinc (zn) deficiency is a major problem in agricultural crops of many world regions. n metabolism plays an essential role in plants and changes in their availability and their metabolism could seriously affect crop productivity. the main objective of the present work was to perform a comparative analysis of different strategies against zn deficiency between two plant species of great agronomic interest such as lactuca sativa cv. phillipus and brassica oleracea cv. bronco. for this, both species ... | 2016 | 27181942 |
| role of gsh homeostasis under zn toxicity in plants with different zn tolerance. | tripepthide glutathione (gsh) is a pivotal molecule in tolerance to heavy metals, including zinc (zn). the aim of our work is to examine the role of gsh metabolism in two different horticultural plants under zn toxicity in order to select and/or generate plants tolerant to zn toxicity. we show a comparative analysis of the toxic effect of 0.5mm zn between lactuca sativa cv. phillipus and brassica oleracea cv. bronco. in l. sativa the accumulation of zn resulted in an increase in reactive oxygen ... | 2014 | 25219313 |
| microrna319a-targeted brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis tcp genes modulate head shape in chinese cabbage by differential cell division arrest in leaf regions. | leafy heads of cabbage (brassica oleracea), chinese cabbage (brassica rapa), and lettuce (lactuca sativa) are composed of extremely incurved leaves. the shape of these heads often dictates the quality, and thus the commercial value, of these crops. using quantitative trait locus mapping of head traits within a population of 150 recombinant inbred lines of chinese cabbage, we investigated the relationship between expression levels of microrna-targeted brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis teosinte branch ... | 2014 | 24351684 |
| field study on the accumulation of trace elements by vegetables produced in the vicinity of abandoned pyrite mines. | to evaluate the accumulation of trace elements (te) by vegetables produced in the vicinity of abandoned pyrite mines, eighteen different small farms were selected near three mines from the portuguese sector of the iberian pyrite belt (são domingos, aljustrel and lousal). total and bioavailable as, cu, pb, and zn concentrations were analyzed in the soils, and the same te were analyzed in three different vegetables, lettuce (lactuca sativa), coriander (coriandrum sativum), and cabbage (brassica ol ... | 2014 | 24252198 |
| seed storage at elevated partial pressure of oxygen, a fast method for analysing seed ageing under dry conditions. | despite differences in physiology between dry and relative moist seeds, seed ageing tests most often use a temperature and seed moisture level that are higher than during dry storage used in commercial practice and gene banks. this study aimed to test whether seed ageing under dry conditions can be accelerated by storing under high-pressure oxygen. methods: dry barley (hordeum vulgare), cabbage (brassica oleracea), lettuce (lactuca sativa) and soybean (glycine max) seeds were stored between 2 an ... | 2012 | 22967856 |
| dry deposition of gaseous radioiodine and particulate radiocaesium onto leafy vegetables. | radionuclides released to the atmosphere during dry weather (e.g. after a nuclear accident) may contaminate vegetable foods and cause exposure to humans via the food chain. to obtain experimental data for an appropriate assessment of this exposure path, dry deposition of radionuclides to leafy vegetables was studied under homogeneous and controlled greenhouse conditions. gaseous (131)i-tracer in predominant elemental form and particulate (134)cs-tracer at about 1 mum diameter were used to identi ... | 2009 | 19640563 |
| identification of three fungi newly intercepted from importing plants in korea. | three fungi newly intercepted from importing plants were identified in 2004. they were ascochyta chrysanthemi on lactuca sativa from china, a. spinaciicola on spinacia oleracea from denmark, and leptosphaerulina australis on brassica oleracea var. capitata from china. the characters of these fungi were described and illustrated. | 2005 | 24049509 |
| uptake of arsenic species by turnip (brassica rapa l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) treated with roxarsone and its metabolites in chicken manure. | roxarsone is an organoarsenic feed additive that can be metabolised to other higher toxic arsenic (as) species in animal manure such as arsenate, arsenite, monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid and other unknown as species. the accumulation, transport and distribution of as species in turnip (brassica rapa l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) amended with roxarsone and its metabolites in chicken manure were investigated. results showed arsenite was the ... | 2013 | 23859781 |
| evaluation of combined disinfection methods for reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 population on fresh-cut vegetables. | most current disinfection strategies for fresh-cut industry are focused on the use of different chemical agents; however, very little has been reported on the effectiveness of the hurdle technology. the effect of combined decontamination methods based on the use of different sanitizers (peroxyacetic acid and chlorine dioxide) and the application of pressure (vacuum/positive pressure) on the inactivation of the foodborne pathogen e. coli o157:h7 on fresh-cut lettuce (lactuca sativa) and carrots ( ... | 2015 | 26213954 |
| espresso coffee residues as a nitrogen amendment for small-scale vegetable production. | espresso coffee grounds constitute a residue which is produced daily in considerable amounts, and is often pointed out as being potentially interesting for plant nutrition. two experiments (incubations and field experiments) were carried out to evaluate the potential nitrogen (n) and phosphorus (p) supply for carrot (daucus carota l.), spinach (spinacea oleracea l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) nutrition. | 2015 | 26123995 |
| antibiotic uptake by plants from manure-amended soils. | antibiotics are extensively given to livestock to promote growth and reduce diseases. therefore, animal manure often contains antibiotics. once manure is applied to agricultural land to improve soil productivity, crops would be exposed to antibiotics which may persist in soils from a few to several hundred days. the objective of this study was to evaluate the uptake of gentamicin and streptomycin by carrot (daucus carota), lettuce (lactuca sativa) and radish (rhaphanus sativus) from manure-amend ... | 2013 | 23581689 |
| effects of ten antibiotics on seed germination and root elongation in three plant species. | we applied a screening-level phytotoxicity assay to evaluate the effects of 10 antibiotics (at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10,000 μg/l) on germination and early plant growth using three plant species: lettuce (lactuca sativa), alfalfa (medicago sativa), and carrot (daucus carota). the range of phytotoxicity of the antibiotics was large, with ec₂₅s ranging from 3.9 μg/l to >10,000 μg/l. chlortetracycline, levofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole were the most phytotoxic antibiotics. d. carota was ... | 2011 | 21107831 |
| simultaneous modelling of the thermal degradation kinetics of pectin methylesterase in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and carrot (daucus carota l.) extracts: analysis of seasonal variation and tissue type. | the thermal degradation kinetics of pectin methylesterase (pme) from carrot and lettuce were studied. fresh extracts were exposed to temperatures from 55 to 70 degrees c until the enzyme was inactivated. a model based on the presence of two forms of the enzyme, one active and one non-active, is proposed. the natural variability of the pme activity was taken into the model in the form of normally distributed random effects. the common model parameters obtained (cleavage constant (0.0395+/-0.0062 ... | 2007 | 17928712 |
| adaptations required for mitochondrial import following mitochondrial to nucleus gene transfer of ribosomal protein s10. | the minimal requirements to support protein import into mitochondria were investigated in the context of the phenomenon of ongoing gene transfer from the mitochondrion to the nucleus in plants. ribosomal protein 10 of the small subunit is encoded in the mitochondrion in soybean and many other angiosperms, whereas in several other species it is nuclear encoded and thus must be imported into the mitochondrial matrix to function. when encoded by the nuclear genome, it has adopted different strategi ... | 2005 | 16040655 |
| structural analysis of xyloglucans in the primary cell walls of plants in the subclass asteridae. | the structures of xyloglucans from several plants in the subclass asteridae were examined to determine how their structures vary in different taxonomic orders. xyloglucans, solubilized from plant cell walls by a sequential (enzymatic and chemical) extraction procedure, were isolated, and their structures were characterized by nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. all campanulids examined, including lactuca sativa (lettuce, order asterales), tenacetum ptarmiciflorum (dusty miller, order asteral ... | 2005 | 15975566 |
| effects of compost and phosphate on plant arsenic accumulation from soils near pressure-treated wood. | leaching of arsenic (as) from chromated copper arsenate (cca)-treated wood may elevate soil arsenic levels. thus, an environmental concern arises regarding accumulation of as in vegetables grown in these soils. in this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate as accumulation by vegetables from the soils adjacent to the cca-treated utility poles and fences and examine the effects of soil amendments on plant as accumulation. carrot (daucus carota l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) ... | 2004 | 15325459 |
| methyl mercury toxicity in plant cultures: modification of resistance and demethylation by light and/or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. | cultures of daucus carota, ca-68-10, and lactuca sativa, le-67, were grown at increasing methyl mercury (mehg) concentrations ranging from initial doses of 0.05 to 5.0 micrograms/ml per day for 4 days with or without 0.15 microgram/ml 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) in the presence or absence of light. the presence of 2,4-d interacted with light synergistically in the expression of mehg toxicity within the whole range of concentrations. demethylation patterns increased or decreased depend ... | 1987 | 3595486 |
| relative resistance of and delayed toxicity in undifferentiated plant cells to methyl mercury. | meristematic cells of carrot (daucus carota l., ca68-10) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l., le-67) cultured in 71-v medium (with 0.15 microgram/ml 2, 4-d) were given one initial dose (0.0001, 0.001, or 0.01 microgram/ml) of methyl mercury (mehg) at 0 hr, cultured for 288 hr. and then subcultured for 4 weeks. in another experiment, mehg was added in four daily doses (0.05, 0.10, 0.50, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 micrograms/ml) starting at 72 hr for 120 hr and then subcultured for 168 hr. the resulting 50% grow ... | 1984 | 6510322 |
| identification of two phytotoxins, blumenol a and grasshopper ketone, in the allelopathic japanese rice variety awaakamai. | aqueous methanol extracts of the traditional rice (oryza sativa) variety awaakamai, which is known to have the greatest allelopathic activity among japanese traditional rice varieties, inhibited the growth of roots and shoots of cress (lepidium sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa), timothy (phleum pratense), digitaria sanguinalis, lolium multiflorum and echinochloa crus-galli. increasing the extract concentration increased the inhibition, suggesting that the extract of awaakamai contains growth in ... | 2012 | 22364828 |
| accelerated metolachlor degradation in soil by zerovalent iron and compost amendments. | soil incubation and germination tests were conducted to assess zerovalent iron (zvi), organic compost, moisture and their combinations on metolachlor degradation in soil. the zvi alone degraded 91% of metolachlor in soil within 40 days following bi-phasic kinetics. organic amendment alone facilitated metolachlor degradation in soil up to 60% after 40 days depending on the amendment rate. however, the combination of zvi with compost amendment at 30 ton ha(-1) and 30% moisture content accelerated ... | 2010 | 20352186 |
| allelopathic potential of citrus junos fruit waste from food processing industry. | the allelopathic potential of citrus junos fruit waste after juice extraction was investigated. aqueous methanol extracts of peel, inside and seeds separated from the fruit waste inhibited the growth of the roots and shoots of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), cress (lepidium sativum l.), crabgrass (digitaria sanguinalis l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), timothy (pheleum pratense l.), and ryegrass (lolium multiflorum lam.). the inhibitory activity of the peel extract was greatest and followed by tha ... | 2004 | 15158515 |
| a potent phytotoxic substance in aglaia odorata lour. | aglaia odorata lour. (meliaceae) was found to have very strong allelopathic activity and a bioherbicide porganic(™) was developed from its leaf extracts. however, the phytotoxic substances causing the strong allelopathic activity of the plants have not yet been determined. therefore, we investigated allelopathic properties and phytotoxic substances in a. odorata. aqueous etoh extracts of a. odorata leaves inhibited root and shoot growth of garden cress (lepidum sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa) ... | 2016 | 27088639 |
| a phytotoxic active substance in the decomposing litter of the fern gleichenia japonica. | the fern gleichenia japonica often dominates plant communities by forming large monospecific stands throughout the temperate to tropical asia. the objective of this study was the investigation of allelopathic property and substances of the decomposing litter of the fern to evaluate the possible involvement of its allelopathy in the domination. an aqueous methanol extract of g. japonica litter inhibited the growth of garden cress (lepidium sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa), barnyard grass (echin ... | 2015 | 25569852 |
| suaveolic acid: a potent phytotoxic substance of hyptis suaveolens. | hyptis suaveolens (lamiaceae) is an exotic invasive plant in many countries. earlier studies reported that the aqueous, methanol, and aqueous methanol extract of h. suaveolens and its residues have phytotoxic properties. however, to date, the phytotoxic substances of this plant have not been reported. therefore, the objectives of this study were isolation and identification of phytotoxic substances of h. suaveolens. aqueous methanol extract of this plant was purified by several chromatographic r ... | 2014 | 25405221 |
| phytotoxic activity of ocimum tenuiflorum extracts on germination and seedling growth of different plant species. | phytotoxic activity of ocimum tenuiflorum (lamiaceae) plant extracts was investigated against the germination and seedling growth of cress (lepidium sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa), alfalfa (medicago sativa), italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum), barnyard grass (echinochloa crus-galli), and timothy (phleum pratense) at four different concentrations. the plant extracts at concentrations greater than 30 mg dry weight equivalent extract ml(-1) reduced significantly the total germination percent ... | 2014 | 25032234 |
| allelopathy is involved in the formation of pure colonies of the fern gleichenia japonica. | the fern gleichenia japonica is one of the most widely distributed fern and occurs throughout east to south asia. the species often dominates plant communities by forming large monospecific colonies. however, the potential mechanism for this domination has not yet been described. the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that allelochemicals are involved in the formation of g. japonica colonies. an aqueous methanol extract of g. japonica inhibited the growth of seedlings of garden c ... | 2013 | 23286996 |
| mechanism of selective phytotoxicity of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) in barnyardgrass and lettuce. | l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) is one of the few allelochemicals in which the phytotoxic action mechanism has been studied. excess exogenous l-dopa suppresses root elongation in some plant species, and the inhibitory action is species-selective. the main factor of phytotoxicity of l-dopa is considered to be oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ros) and/or free radical species (frs). this study was performed to elucidate the mechanism of species-selective phytotoxicity. the involve ... | 2007 | 17899281 |
| bioavailability of barium to plants and invertebrates in soils contaminated by barite. | barium (ba) is a nonessential element to terrestrial organisms and is known to be toxic at elevated concentrations. in this study, the bioavailability and toxicity of ba in barite (baso4) contaminated soils was studied using standard test organisms (lactuca sativa l. "great lakes", eisenia fetida). contamination resulted from barite mining activities. barium concentrations in contaminated soils determined by x-ray fluorescence were in the range 0.13-29.2%. barite contaminated soils were shown to ... | 2013 | 23484806 |
| earthworm bioassays and seedling emergence for monitoring toxicity, aging and bioaccumulation of anthropogenic waste indicator compounds in biosolids-amended soil. | land application of biosolids (treated sewage sludge) can be an important route for introducing xenobiotic compounds into terrestrial environments. there is a paucity of available information on the effects of biosolids amendment on terrestrial organisms. in this study, the influence of biosolids and biosolids aging on earthworm (eisenia fetida) reproduction and survival and lettuce (lactuca sativa) seedling emergence was investigated. earthworms were exposed to soils amended with varying quanti ... | 2012 | 22832088 |
| evaluation of the effectiveness of various amendments on trace metals stabilization by chemical and biological methods. | we evaluated the effects of five different kinds of amendments on heavy metals stabilization. the five amendments were: zero valent iron, limestone, acid mine drainage treatment sludge, bone mill, and bottom ash. to determine bioavailability of the heavy metals, different chemical extraction procedures were used such as, extraction with (ca(no(3))(2), dtpa; toxic characteristic leaching procedure (tclp), physiologically based extraction test (pbet) that simulates gastric juice, and sequential ex ... | 2011 | 21333442 |
| volatile emission in dry seeds as a way to probe chemical reactions during initial asymptomatic deterioration. | the nature and kinetics of reactions in dry seeds determines how long the seeds survive. we used gas chromatography to assay volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from seeds of three unrelated species as a means to non-invasively probe chemical changes during very dry, dry, and humid storage (seeds were dried to 5.5, 33, and 75% relative humidity at room temperature). vocs emitted from seeds stored in humid conditions reflected fermentation-type reactions, with methanol and ethanol being pre ... | 2016 | 26956506 |
| phytochemical relationship of euphorbia helioscopia and euphorbia pulcherrima with lactuca sativa. | allelopathy is an important phenomenon that modifies the ecosystem. a plant can enhance or reduce the growth of other plant due to the presence of a number of allelochemicals in its different parts. euphorbia helioscopia and euphorbia pulcherrima are medicinal plant species. both these species are collected from wild resources for various purposes. to reduce the pressure on wild population, it is important to bring them into cultivation. therefore, the allelopathic effects of e. helioscopia and ... | 2014 | 25075544 |
| ecotoxicity of arsenic contaminated sludge after mixing with soils and addition into composting and vermicomposting processes. | sludge coming from remediation of groundwater contaminated by industry is usually managed as hazardous waste despite it might be considered for further processing as a source of nutrients. the ecotoxicity of phosphorus rich sludge contaminated with arsenic was evaluated after mixing with soil and cultivation with sinapis alba, and supplementation into composting and vermicomposting processes. the enchytraeus crypticus and folsomia candida reproduction tests and the lactuca sativa root growth tes ... | 2016 | 27348256 |
| copper toxicity in a natural reference soil: ecotoxicological data for the derivation of preliminary soil screening values. | the risk assessment of contaminated soils is conventionally done with the support of soil screening values (ssvs). since ssvs are still unavailable for many european countries, including portugal, standardized toxicity tests are urgently claimed for their derivation. hence, this work aimed the generation of toxicity values for copper (cu) in a natural reference soil (ptrs1) targeting different terrestrial species, endpoints and soil functions, as to derive a preliminary cu ssv. for this, the ass ... | 2016 | 26520436 |
| contribution for the derivation of a soil screening value (ssv) for uranium, using a natural reference soil. | in order to regulate the management of contaminated land, many countries have been deriving soil screening values (ssv). however, the ecotoxicological data available for uranium is still insufficient and incapable to generate ssvs for european soils. in this sense, and so as to make up for this shortcoming, a battery of ecotoxicological assays focusing on soil functions and organisms, and a wide range of endpoints was carried out, using a natural soil artificially spiked with uranium. in terrest ... | 2014 | 25353962 |
| toxicity of methyl tert butyl ether to soil invertebrates (springtails: folsomia candida, proisotoma minuta, and onychiurus folsomi) and lettuce (lactuca sativa). | experiments were conducted to assess the toxicity of methyl tert butyl ether (mtbe) to three species of collembola (proisotoma minuta, folsomia candida, and onychiurus folsomi) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) using an artificial organization for economic cooperation and development (oecd) soil and field-collected sandy loam and silt loam soil samples. soil invertebrate tests were carried out in airtight vials to prevent volatilization of mtbe out of the test units and to allow for direct head-sp ... | 2010 | 20821452 |
| effects of se and zn supplementation on the antagonism against pb and cd in vegetables. | the antagonistic effects of supplementation of zn and se to the soil on vegetables were studied in this work. in the pot experiment, se (se4+) and zn (zn2+) were applied, respectively, to the soil, in which the chinese cabbage (brassica rapa) and the lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) were planted. as a result, se and zn were enriched evidently in the two vegetables. the contents of pb and cd in the two vegetables were decreased markedly while contents of some healthy mineral elements, like mn and mg, ... | 2004 | 14749105 |
| trace gases generated in closed plant cultivation systems and their effects on plant growth. | interactions between plants and trace gases, especially ethylene, were investigated from two different viewpoints; ethylene is toxic for plant growth, whereas the ethylene release rate of plants can be utilized as a plant growth indicator. when lettuce plants and shiitake mushroom mycelium were cultivated in closed chambers, ethylene concentration increased with time. ethylene was released both from lettuce plant and from shiitake mushroom mycelium. dioctyl phthalate (dop) and dibutyl phthalate ... | 1995 | 11541892 |
| [compositae dermatitis]. | compositae dermatitis is an allergic contact dermatitis caused by plant species of the compositae family. the first report of a cutaneous reaction to the chrysanthemum genus was made by howe js in 1887. in 1895 maiden jh reported about skin lesions among men working with tagetes minuta. case reports of contact allergic-ragweed dermatitis appeared in the american literature as early as 1919. the north american feverfew--parthenium hysterophorus was brought to india from america in 1956 and it cau ... | 2009 | 12793186 |
| occupational dermatitis from lactuca sativa (lettuce) and cichorium (endive). simultaneous occurrence of immediate and delayed allergy as a cause of contact dermatitis. | four patients with occupational contact dermatitis to lactuca sativa had cross-sensitivity to cichorium endivia. one of the patients also had contact urticaria to lactuca and cichorium, and another reacted positively to scratch tests with these plants as a sign of immediate allergy. in two cases such immediate allergy was considered the cause of a vesicular, intense itching eruption within a few minutes of contact with fresh leaves of lactuca on previously eczematous skin. the severe chronic der ... | 1977 | 139283 |
| [isolation and identification of the flavon(ol)glycosides of the endive (cichorium endivia l.) and the lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) (author's transl)]. | | 2016 | 4277861 |
| metabolite profiling of sesquiterpene lactones from lactuca species. major latex components are novel oxalate and sulfate conjugates of lactucin and its derivatives. | wounding leaves or stems of lactuca species releases a milky latex onto the plant surface. we have examined the constituents of latex from lactuca sativa (lettuce) cv. diana. the major components were shown to be novel 15-oxalyl and 8-sulfate conjugates of the guaianolide sesquiterpene lactones, lactucin, deoxylactucin, and lactucopicrin. the oxalates were unstable, reverting to the parent sesquiterpene lactone on hydrolysis. oxalyl derivatives have been reported rarely from natural sources. the ... | 2000 | 10858433 |
| laccase-catalyzed decolorization of malachite green: performance optimization and degradation mechanism. | malachite green (mg) was decolorized by laccase (laca) of white-rot fungus cerrena sp. with strong decolorizing ability. decolorization conditions were optimized with response surface methodology. a highly significant quadratic model was developed to investigate mg decolorization with laca, and the maximum mg decolorization ratio of 91.6% was predicted under the conditions of 2.8 u ml(-1) laca, 109.9 mg l(-1) mg and decolorization for 172.4 min. kinetic studies revealed the km and kcat values of ... | 2015 | 26020270 |
| investigation on the effects of guava (psidium guajava l.) infusions on germination, root tips and meristematic cells of latuca sativa. | guava (psidium guajava l.) is a plant often employed in popular medicine. recently several studies have alerted about the toxicity of substances present in medicinal plants, which can pose risks to the human health. in this sense, the present work aimed to investigate the phytotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic action of three guava varieties - paluma, pedro sato and roxa ("purple") - on the plant test system lactuca sativa l. thus, macro- and microscopic evaluations were carried out for five infusi ... | 2015 | 25993362 |
| effects of simulated oilfield produced water on early seedling growth after treatment in a pilot-scale constructed wetland system. | seed germination and early seedling growth bioassays were used to evaluate phytotoxicity of simulated oilfield produced water (opw) before and after treatment in a subsurface-flow, pilot-scale constructed wetland treatment system (cwts). responses to untreated and treated opw were compared among seven plant species, including three monocotyledons: corn (zea mays), millet (panicum miliaceum), and sorghum (sorghum bicolor); and four dicotyledons: lettuce (lactuca sativa), okra (abelmoschus esculen ... | 2015 | 25409245 |
| characterization of cytochalasins from the endophytic xylaria sp. and their biological functions. | bioassay-guided fractionation of the fermentation extract of xylaria sp. xc-16, an endophyte from toona sinensis led to the isolation of two new cytochalasans cytochalasin z27, 1, and cytochalasin z28, 2, along with three known compounds seco-cytochalasin e, 3, and cytochalasin z18, 4, and cytochalasin e, 5. the structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic and electronic circular dichroism methods. compound 5 was shown to be potently cytotoxic against brine shrimp (lc50 = 2.79 μm), com ... | 2014 | 25350301 |