| characterization and effects of the replicated flowering time gene flc in brassica rapa. | functional genetic redundancy is widespread in plants and could have an important impact on phenotypic diversity if the multiple gene copies act in an additive or dosage-dependent manner. we have cloned four brassica rapa homologs (brflc) of the mads-box flowering-time regulator flc, located at the top of chromosome 5 of arabidopsis thaliana. relative rate tests revealed no evidence for differential rates of evolution and the ratios of nonsynonymous-to-synonymous substitutions suggest brflc loci ... | 2002 | 12454088 |
| coding sequence divergence between two closely related plant species: arabidopsis thaliana and brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis. | to characterize the coding-sequence divergence of closely related genomes, we compared dna sequence divergence between sequences from a brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis est library isolated from flower buds and genomic sequences from arabidopsis thaliana. the specific objectives were (i) to determine the distribution of and relationship between k(a) and k(s), (ii) to identify genes with the lowest and highest k(a): k(s) values, and (iii) to evaluate how codon usage has diverged between two closely ... | 2002 | 12029356 |
| phytochrome photoreceptors mediate plasticity to light quality in flowers of the brassicaceae. | the family of phytochrome photoreceptors mediates stem-elongation responses to ambient ratios of red : far-red light (r : fr). although phytochrome genes are expressed in flowers in addition to vegetative parts, nothing is known about floral plasticity to r : fr or the pleiotropic effects of phytochrome genes on flowers. here, the following floral morphologies were compared: (1) wild-type arabidopsis thaliana and brassica rapa plants experiencing high r : fr characteristic of sunlight vs. low r ... | 2002 | 21669731 |
| expression, mapping, and genetic variability of brassica napus disease resistance gene analogues. | numerous sequences analogous to resistance (r) genes exist in plant genomes and could be involved in resistance traits. the aim of this study was to identify a large number of brassica napus sequences related to r genes and also to test the adequacy of specific pcr-based tools for studying them. different consensus primers were compared for their efficiency in amplifying resistance-gene analogues (rgas) related to the nucleotide-binding-site subgroup of r genes. specific primers were subsequentl ... | 2001 | 11768212 |
| an active role of the amyloplasts and nuclei of root statocytes in graviperception. | three main phases are discerned in the gravitropic reaction: perception of a gravitational stimulus, its transduction, and fixation of the reaction resulting in bending of an organ. according to the starch-statolith hypothesis of nemec and haberlandt, amyloplasts in the structurally and functionally specialized graviperceptive cells (statocytes) sediment in the direction of a gravitational vector in the distal part of a cell while a nucleus is in the proximal one. if amyloplasts appear to act as ... | 2001 | 11596638 |
| oxygen-depleted zones inside reproductive structures of brassicaceae: implications for oxygen control of seed development. | growth of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. in decreasing oxygen partial pressures revealed a linear decrease in seed production below 15 kpa, with a complete absence of seed production at 2.5 kpa oxygen. this control of plant reproduction by oxygen had previously been attributed to an oxygen effect on the partitioning between vegetative and reproductive growth. however, plants grown in a series of decreasing oxygen concentrations produced progressively smaller embryos that had stopped developing ... | 1999 | 11542918 |
| comparative fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of a 431-kb arabidopsis thaliana bacterial artificial chromosome contig reveals the role of chromosomal duplications in the expansion of the brassica rapa genome. | comparative genome studies are important contributors to our understanding of genome evolution. most comparative genome studies in plants have been based on genetic mapping of homologous dna loci in different genomes. large-scale comparative physical mapping has been hindered by the lack of efficient and affordable techniques. we report here the adaptation of fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) techniques for comparative physical mapping between arabidopsis thaliana and brassica rapa. a se ... | 2000 | 11014828 |
| development of amplified consensus genetic markers (acgm) in brassica napus from arabidopsis thaliana sequences of known biological function. | a method for the development of consensus genetic markers between species of the same taxonomic family is described in this paper. it is based on the conservation of the peptide sequences and on the potential polymorphism within non-coding sequences. six loci sequenced from arabidopsis thaliana, ag, lfy3, ap3, fad7, fad3, and adh, were analysed for one ecotype of a. thaliana, four lines of brassica napus, and one line for each parental species, brassica oleracea and brassica rapa. positive ampli ... | 1999 | 10382288 |
| comparison of flowering time genes in brassica rapa, b. napus and arabidopsis thaliana. | the major difference between annual and biennial cultivars of oilseed brassica napus and b. rapa is conferred by genes controlling vernalization-responsive flowering time. these genes were compared between the species by aligning the map positions of flowering time quantitative trait loci (qtls) detected in a segregating population of each species. the results suggest that two major qtls identified in b. rapa correspond to two major qtls identified in b. napus. since b. rapa is one of the hypoth ... | 1997 | 9215913 |
| mapping loci controlling vernalization requirement in brassica rapa. | brassica cultivars are classified as biennial or annual based on their requirement for a period of cold treatment (vernalization) to induce flowering. genes controlling the vernalization requirement were identified in a brassica rapa f2 population derived from a cross between an annual and a biennial oilseed cultivar by using an rflp linkage map and quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis of flowering time in f3 lines. two genomic regions were strongly associated with variation for flowering tim ... | 1995 | 24170058 |
| mapping of rflp and qualitative trait loci in brassica rapa and comparison to the linkage maps of b. napus, b. oleracea, and arabidopsis thaliana. | a linkage map of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) was constructed for oilseed, brassica rapa, using anonymous genomic dna and cdna clones from brassica and cloned genes from the crucifer arabidopsis thaliana. we also mapped genes controlling the simply inherited traits, yellow seeds, low seed erucic acid, and pubescence. the map included 139 rflp loci organized into ten linkage groups (lgs) and one small group covering 1785 cm. each of the three traits mapped to a single locus o ... | 1994 | 24178100 |
| selected components of the shade-avoidance syndrome are displayed in a normal manner in mutants of arabidopsis thaliana and brassica rapa deficient in phytochrome b. | several growth parameters associated with the phytochrome-mediated shade avoidance syndrome have been measured in seedlings and mature plants of a wild-type and a hy3 mutant of arabidopsis thaliana deficient in phytochrome b. growth parameters were compared in plants grown in either white light (high red:far-red [r:fr] ratio) or white light plus added far-red (fr) light (low r:fr ratio). wild-type arabidopsis exhibited increased hypocotyl and petiole extension under a low, compared with a high, ... | 1993 | 12231894 |
| photophysiology of the elongated internode (ein) mutant of brassica rapa: ein mutant lacks a detectable phytochrome b-like polypeptide. | several phytochrome-controlled processes have been examined in etiolated and light-grown seedlings of a normal genotype and the elongated internode (ein/ein) mutant of rapid-cycling brassica rapa. although etiolated ein seedlings displayed normal sensitivity to prolonged far-red light with respect to inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, expansion of cotyledons, and synthesis of anthocyanin, they displayed reduced sensitivity to prolonged red light for all three of these deetiolation responses. in ... | 1992 | 16653143 |
| formation of n-acetylglutamate by extracts of higher plants. | the enzymic synthesis of n-acetylglutamate was studied in extracts of higher plant tissues, especially in sugar beet leaves (beta vulgaris l.). sugar beet leaves had an enzyme that transferred the acetyl group either from acetyl-coa or from n(2)-acetylornithine to glutamate. the enzyme was so unstable that special precautions were necessary for its detection and appreciable purification was impossible. the km values were 2.5 and 0.025 mm for acetyl-coa and n(2)-acetylornithine, respectively. the ... | 1977 | 16659918 |
| sequence and tissue-specific expression of a putative peroxidase gene from wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we have used a cdna clone encoding a pathogen-induced putative wheat peroxidase to screen a genomic library of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. cheyenne) and isolated one positive clone, lambda pox1. sequence analysis revealed that this clone contains a gene encoding a putative peroxidase with a calculated pi of 8.1 which exhibits 58% and 83% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of the turnip (brassica rapa) peroxidase and a pathogen-induced putative wheat peroxidase, respectively. the tw ... | 1991 | 1653627 |
| homology of plant peroxidases: an immunochemical approach. | antisera specific for the basic peroxidase from horseradish (amoracea rusticana) were used to examine homology among horseradish peroxidase isoenzymes and among basic peroxidases from root plants. the antisera cross-reacted with all tested isoperoxidases when measured by both agar diffusion and quantitative precipitin reactions. precipitin analyses provided quantitative measurements of homology among these plant peroxidases. the basic radish (raphanus sativus l. cv. cherry belle) peroxidase had ... | 1982 | 16662176 |
| advances on the determination of thresholds of cu phytotoxicity in field-contaminated soils in central chile. | to better determine phytotoxicity thresholds for metals in the soil, studies should use actual field-contaminated soil samples rather than metal-spiked soil preparations. however, there are surprisingly few such data available for cu phytotoxicity in field-contaminated soils. moreover, these studies differ from each other with regards to soil characteristics and experimental setups. this study aimed at more accurately estimating cu phytotoxicity thresholds using field-collected agricultural soil ... | 2017 | 28131477 |
| ecological risk assessment of a metal-contaminated area in the tropics. tier ii: detailed assessment. | this study presents data on the detailed evaluation (tier 2) of a site-specific ecological risk assessment (ssera) in a former smelter area contaminated with metals (santo amaro, bahia, brazil). combining information from three lines of evidence (loe), chemical (chemloe), ecotoxicological (ecotoxloe) and ecological (ecoloe), in the triad approach, integrated risk values were calculated to rank sites and confirm the potential risk disclosed with tier 1. risk values were calculated for the habitat ... | 2015 | 26528915 |
| effects of vegetable oil residue after soil extraction on physical-chemical properties of sandy soil and plant growth. | vegetable oil has the ability to extract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) from contaminated sandy soil for a remediation purpose, with some of the oil remaining in the soil. although most of the pahs were removed, the risk of residue oil in the soil was not known. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the vegetable oil residue on higher plant growth and sandy soil properties after soil extraction for a better understanding of the soil remediation. addition of sunflowe ... | 2008 | 19209632 |
| biological testing of a digested sewage sludge and derived composts. | aiming to evaluate a possible loss of soil habitat function after amendment with organic wastes, a digested sewage sludge and derived composts produced with green residues, where biologically tested in the laboratory using soil animals (eisenia andrei and folsomia candida) and plants (brassica rapa and avena sativa). each waste was tested mimicking a field application of 6ton/ha or 12ton/ha. avoidance tests did not reveal any impact of sludge and composts to soil biota. germination and growth te ... | 2008 | 18413285 |
| toxicity assessment of two soils from jales mine (portugal) using plants: growth and biochemical parameters. | contaminants in soils can enter food chains through primary producers. bioavailable contaminants can induce growth, and reproductive or biochemical changes in plants. to evaluate the bioavailability of heavy metals in two soils from jales mine surroundings, bioassays with the plants brassica rapa (rcbr) and avena sativa were performed. biochemical parameters (protein and malondialdehyde [mda] content, and catalase and peroxidase activities) were also measured. the soils had different heavy metal ... | 2006 | 16307215 |
| evaluation and refinement of a continuous seed germination and early seedling growth test for the use in the ecotoxicological assessment of soils. | four higher plant species (avena sativa l., oat; lepidium sativum l., cress; brassica rapa metzg., turnip; and phaseolus vulgaris l., bush bean) and 15 soils including five mineral oil-contaminated soils were tested to assess a soil-based continuous seed germination and early seedling growth bioassay. seed germination was recorded and the shoot biomass of 14-day seedlings measured. an automatic self-watering system was compared with the daily hand watering. results obtained from this study show ... | 2001 | 11459155 |
| assessment of allelopathic properties of aloe ferox mill. on turnip, beetroot and carrot. | turnip (brassica rapa var. rapa l.), beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) and carrot (daucus carota l.) are common vegetables in south africa. the allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf and root extracts of aloe ferox mill.- a highly valued medicinal plant- was evaluated against seed germination and seedling growth of the three vegetables in petri dish experiments. the extracts were tested at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/ml. leaf extract concentrations above 4 mg/ml inhibited the germination o ... | 2012 | 23558992 |
| polymorphic minisatellites in the mitochondrial dnas of oryza and brassica. | polymorphic analyses of angiosperm mitochondrial dna are rare in comparison with chloroplast dna, because few target sequences in angiosperm mitochondrial dna are known. minisatellites, a tandem array of repeated sequences with a repeat unit of 10 to ~100 bp, are popular target sequences of animal mitochondria, but beta vulgaris is the only known angiosperm species for which such an analysis has been conducted. from this lack of information, it was uncertain as to whether polymorphic minisatelli ... | 2011 | 21562713 |
| induction of soil suppressiveness against rhizoctonia solani by incorporation of dried plant residues into soil. | abstract suppressive effects of soil amendment with residues of 12 cultivars of brassica rapa on damping-off of sugar beet were evaluated in soils infested with rhizoctonia solani. residues of clover and peanut were tested as noncruciferous controls. the incidence of damping-off was significantly and consistently suppressed in the soils amended with residues of clover, peanut, and b. rapa subsp. rapifera 'saori', but only the volatile substance produced from water-imbibed residue of cv. saori ex ... | 2006 | 18943670 |
| the responses of isolated plant mitochondria to external nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. | the effects of added nad on substrate oxidation by turnip (brassica rapa l.) and beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) mitochondria were investigated. state 3 malate and 2-oxoglutarate oxidation rates with turnip mitochondria were stimulated 25 to 40% by external nad. following nad-depletion this stimulation by nad was increased to 70 to 80%. with purified beetroot mitochondria, state 3 malate and 2-oxoglutarate oxidation rates were only marginally increased (10-15%) by the addition of nad but after nad-d ... | 1986 | 16664861 |
| composition of suberin-associated waxes from the subterranean storage organs of seven plants : parsnip, carrot, rutabaga, turnip, red beet, sweet potato and potato. | the waxes associated with the suberin in the periderm of the underground storage organs of parsnip (pastinaca sativa l.), carrot (daucus carota l.), rutabaga (brassica napobrassica mill.), turnip (brassica rapa l.), red beet (beta vulgaris l.), sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) and potato (solanum tuberosum l.) were isolated, fractionated into hydrocarbon, wax ester, free fatty alcohol and free fatty acid fractions, and analyzed by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. the amount of ... | 1980 | 24310190 |
| could nitrile derivatives of turnip (brassica rapa) glucosinolates be hepato- or cholangiotoxic in cattle? | turnip (brassica rapa ssp. rapa) and rape (brassica napus ssp. biennis) and other brassica forage crops are regarded as "safe" feed for cattle during late summer and fall in the north island of new zealand when high pithomyces chartarum spore counts in pastures frequently lead to sporidesmin toxicity (facial eczema). sporadic acute severe cases of turnip photosensitization in dairy cows characteristically exhibit high γ-glutamyl transferase and glutamate dehydrogenase serum enzyme activities tha ... | 2014 | 24678843 |
| bile duct lesions associated with turnip (brassica rapa) photosensitization compared with those due to sporidesmin toxicosis in dairy cows. | cattle grazing turnips or other brassica forage crops occasionally develop hepatogenous photosensitization. in new zealand, cases of bovine photosensitization associated with such crops frequently occur during late summer and fall, and this coincides with the facial eczema (sporidesmin toxicosis) "season." clinical chemistry findings in acute photosensitization cases associated with both brassica and facial eczema include marked serum elevations in γ-glutamyl transferase and glutamate dehydrogen ... | 2014 | 24280939 |
| protective effects of 6-hydroxy-1-methylindole-3-acetonitrile on cisplatin-induced oxidative nephrotoxicity via nrf2 inactivation. | we previously demonstrated the ethanol extract of the roots of brassica rapa protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress. here, we investigated the nephroprotective effects of 6-hydroxy-1-methylindole-3-acetonitrile (6-hma), which was isolated from the roots of b. rapa, on cisplatin-induced toxicity in renal epithelial llc-pk1 cells and in rats with acute renal injury. pretreatment of llc-pk1 cells with 6-hma ameliorated cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity caused ... | 2013 | 23989062 |
| metabolism of soluble rapeseed meal (brassica rapa l.) protein during incubations with buffered bovine rumen contents in vitro. | accurate quantitative information on the fate of dietary protein in the rumen is central to modern metabolizable protein systems developed to improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in ruminants. an in vitro method was developed to estimate the rate of soluble rapeseed meal (brassica rapa l.) protein (srmp) degradation. unlabeled and (15)n-labeled solvent-extracted rapeseed meal were incubated alone or as an equal mixture (125 mg of n/l) with buffered rumen contents and a mixture of carbo ... | 2013 | 23127902 |
| a phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes elucidates the relationships of the six economically important brassica species comprising the triangle of u. | the brassica genus comprises many economically important worldwide cultivated crops. the well-established model of the brassica genus, u's triangle, consists of three basic diploid plant species (brassica rapa, brassica oleracea, and brassica nigra) and three amphidiploid species (brassica napus, brassica juncea, and brassica carinata) that arose through interspecific hybridizations. despite being extensively studied because of its commercial relevance, several aspects of the origin of the brass ... | 2017 | 28210266 |
| introgressing subgenome components from brassica rapa and b. carinata to b. juncea for broadening its genetic base and exploring intersubgenomic heterosis. | brassica juncea (a(j)a(j)b(j)b(j)), is an allotetraploid that arose from two diploid species, b. rapa (a(r)a(r)) and b. nigra (b(n)b(n)). it is an old oilseed crop with unique favorable traits, but the genetic improvement on this species is limited. we developed an approach to broaden its genetic base within several generations by intensive selection. the a(r) subgenome from the asian oil crop b. rapa (a(r)a(r)) and the b(c) subgenome from the african oil crop b. carinata (b(c)b(c)c(c)c(c)) were ... | 2016 | 27909440 |
| mining for candidate genes in an introgression line by using rna sequencing: the anthocyanin overaccumulation phenotype in brassica. | introgression breeding is a widely used method for the genetic improvement of crop plants; however, the mechanism underlying candidate gene flow patterns during hybridization is poorly understood. in this study, we used a powerful pipeline to investigate a chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis) introgression line with the anthocyanin overaccumulation phenotype. our purpose was to analyze the gene flow patterns during hybridization and elucidate the genetic factors responsible for the ... | 2016 | 27597857 |
| the complete chloroplast genome sequence of indian mustard (brassica juncea l.). | brassica juncea l. is the second most important edible oil seed crop of india. in the current study, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of indian mustard, brassica juncea l. the size of the complete chloroplast genome was found to be 153 483 bp long with an overall gc content of 36.36%. a large single copy (lsc) region of 83 286 bp and a short single copy region (ssc) region of 17 775 bp were separated by a pair of inverted repeat (ir) regions of 26 211 bp. a total of 113 unique ... | 2016 | 26708222 |
| atmospheric h2s and so2 as sulfur source for brassica juncea and brassica rapa: impact on the glucosinolate composition. | the impact of sulfate deprivation and atmospheric h2s and so2 nutrition on the content and composition of glucosinolates was studied in brassica juncea and b. rapa. both species contained a number of aliphatic, aromatic and indolic glucosinolates. the total glucosinolate content was more than 5.5-fold higher in b. juncea than in b. rapa, which could solely be attributed to the presence of high levels of sinigrin, which was absent in the latter species. sulfate deprivation resulted in a strong de ... | 2015 | 26579170 |
| sequence and expression variation in suppressor of overexpression of constans 1 (soc1): homeolog evolution in indian brassicas. | whole genome sequence analyses allow unravelling such evolutionary consequences of meso-triplication event in brassicaceae (∼14-20 million years ago (mya)) as differential gene fractionation and diversification in homeologous sub-genomes. this study presents a simple gene-centric approach involving microsynteny and natural genetic variation analysis for understanding suppressor of overexpression of constans 1 (soc1) homeolog evolution in brassica. analysis of microsynteny in brassica rapa homeol ... | 2015 | 26276216 |
| characterization and classification of one new cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) line based on morphological, cytological and molecular markers in non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.). | a new non-heading chinese cabbage cms line m119a was characterized and specific molecular markers were developed to classify different cms types. one new non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.) cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) line m119a was obtained by interspecific crosses between the recently discovered hau cms line of brassica juncea and b. rapa. furthermore, the line was characterized and compared with other five isonuclear-alloplasmic cms lines. the m119a line produced six stamens wit ... | 2015 | 25972263 |
| polyphyletic origin of brassica juncea with b. rapa and b. nigra (brassicaceae) participating as cytoplasm donor parents in independent hybridization events. | • premise of the study: brassica juncea is a major source of edible oil in the indian subcontinent and northern china. it is also used as a root and leaf vegetable in china and as a condiment in europe and america. there is a long-standing view that b. juncea originated from multiple hybridization events between b. rapa and b. nigra and that hybridizations were always unidirectional with b. rapa as the cytoplasmic donor. these conclusions were, however, centered primarily on nuclear markers.• me ... | 2014 | 25030348 |
| susceptibility of brassicaceous plants to feeding by flea beetles, phyllotreta spp. (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | crucifer-feeding flea beetles, phyllotreta spp., are chronic insect pests in canadian prairie canola production. multiple laboratory and field feeding bioassays were conducted to determine the susceptibility of a wide range of crucifer species, cultivars, and accessions to feeding by flea beetles with the goal of discovering sources of resistant germplasm. in 62 bioassays of 218 entries, no consistent decreased feeding by flea beetles was seen on any entries of brassica carinata a. braun, brassi ... | 2013 | 24498758 |
| transfer of auxinic herbicide resistance from brassica kaber to brassica juncea and brassica rapa through embryo rescue. | auxinic herbicides are widely used in agriculture to selectively control broadleaf weeds. prolonged use of auxinic herbicides has resulted in the evolution of resistance to these herbicides in some biotypes of brassica kaber (wild mustard), a common weed in agricultural crops. in this study, auxinic herbicide resistance from b. kaber was transferred to brassica juncea and brassica rapa, two commercially important brassica crops, by traditional breeding coupled with in vitro embryo rescue. a high ... | 2013 | 23990700 |
| consequences of gene flow between oilseed rape (brassica napus) and its relatives. | numerous studies have focused on the probability of occurrence of gene flow between transgenic crops and their wild relatives and the likelihood of transgene escape, which should be assessed before the commercial release of transgenic crops. this review paper focuses on this issue for oilseed rape, brassica napus l., a species that produces huge numbers of pollen grains and seeds. we analyze separately the distinct steps of gene flow: (1) pollen and seeds as vectors of gene flow; (2) spontaneous ... | 2013 | 23987810 |
| correlations between tocopherol and fatty acid components in germplasm collections of brassica oilseeds. | to date, little is known about the correlations among the tocopherol (t) and fatty acid (fa) components in rapeseed oils. in the current study, a germplasm collection of landraces from the species brassica juncea , brassica rapa , and brassica napus and a collection of low erucic acid (ea) breeding lines from b. napus were analyzed for fa and t contents. in the groups comprising landraces, the most notable correlation was the significantly positive one between α-t and the sum of c18:1 and c18:2, ... | 2013 | 23214441 |
| cell division and endoreduplication play important roles in stem swelling of tuber mustard (brassica juncea coss. var. tumida tsen et lee). | we investigated spatio-temporal variations in cell division and the occurrence of endoreduplication in cells of tuber mustard stems during development. cells in the stem had 8c nuclei (c represents dna content of a two haploid genome), since it is an allotetraploid species derived from diploid brassica rapa (aa) and b. nigra (bb), thus indicating the occurrence of endoreduplication. additionally, we observed a dynamic change of cell ploidy in different regions of the swollen stems, with a decrea ... | 2012 | 22639957 |
| proteins of brassicaceae oilseeds and their potential as a plant protein source. | among the commercially cultivated brassicaceae (cruciferae) plants, brassica juncea, brassica napus, brassica rapa, and sinapis alba store significant amounts of oil and protein in the seed. at present, brassica seed proteins are primarily used for livestock feeding based on the nutritional value. the point of curiosity is whether the present knowledge on the protein structure, biochemical characteristics, nutritive value, and the recovery processes are inadequate to develop brassica proteins in ... | 2011 | 21793726 |
| characterization of brassica nigra collections using simple sequence repeat markers reveals distinct groups associated with geographical location, and frequent mislabelling of species identity. | genetic diversity of 180 brassica nigra (l.) kochgenotypes from 60 different accessions was evaluated using 15 simple sequence repeat markers with known locations on the brassica a, b, and c genomes. two lines each from brassica juncea (l.) czern and brassica carinata braunwere also included as comparator species. a total of 218 high quality alleles were used to generate a genetic distance matrix, and clustering and multidimensional scaling analyses were used to investigate genetic relationships ... | 2011 | 21217806 |
| quantifying the introgressive hybridisation propensity between transgenic oilseed rape and its wild/weedy relatives. | in order to estimate the introgressive hybridisation propensity (ihp) between genetically modified (gm) oilseed rape (brassica napus) and certain of its cross-compatible wild/weedy relatives at the landscape level, a conceptual approach was developed. a gene flow index was established enclosing the successive steps to successfully achieve introgressive hybridisation: wild/weedy relatives and oilseed rape should co-occur, have overlapping flowering periods, be compatible, produce viable and ferti ... | 2009 | 18253849 |
| antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of selected commercially available cruciferous vegetables. | antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging activity and phenolic content of red cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata rubra), chinese cabbage (brassica rapa pekinensis var cylindrica), green cabbage (brassica oleracea var capitata), mustard cabbage (brassica juncea var rugosa) and chinese white cabbage (brassica rapa var chinensis), grown in malaysia, were evaluated. red cabbage had the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic content compared to the other cruciferous vegetables studied ( ... | 2007 | 22692190 |
| yield reduction in brassica napus, b. rapa, b. juncea, and sinapis alba caused by flea beetle (phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae)) infestation in northern idaho. | phyllotreta cruciferae is an important insect pest of spring-planted brassica crops, especially during the seedling stage. to determine the effect of early season p. cruciferae infestation on seed yield, 10 genotypes from each of two canola species (brassica napus l. and brassica rapa l.) and two mustard species (brassica juncea l. and sinapis alba l.) were grown in 2 yr under three different p. cruciferae treatments: (1) no insecticide control; (2) foliar applications of endosulfan; and (3) car ... | 2004 | 15568354 |
| synthesis of intergeneric hybrids and establishment of genomic affinity between diplotaxis catholica and crop brassica species. | intergeneric hybrids of the wild crucifer diplotaxis catholica (2n = 18, d(c)d(c)) as female with two crop brassica species, namely brassica rapa (2n = 20; aa) and brassica juncea (2n = 36; aabb) as male, were developed, using ovary and sequential culture. reciprocal crosses were not successful, suggesting unilateral cross incompatibility. morphologically, the hybrid plants resembled the crop brassica parents, but were nearly male- as well as female-sterile. induction of amphiploidy helped to im ... | 2003 | 12748775 |
| molybdenum sequestration in brassica species. a role for anthocyanins? | to elucidate plant mechanisms involved in molybdenum (mo) sequestration and tolerance, brassica spp. seedlings were supplied with molybdate, and the effects on plant physiology, morphology, and biochemistry were analyzed. when supplied with (colorless) molybdate indian mustard (brassica juncea) seedlings accumulated water-soluble blue crystals in their peripheral cell layers. energy dispersive x-ray analysis showed that mo accumulated predominantly in the vacuoles of the epidermal cells. therefo ... | 2001 | 11500539 |
| inheritance and expression patterns of bn28, a low temperature induced gene in brassica napus, throughout the brassicaceae. | molecular genetics is becoming an important tool in the breeding and selection of agronomically important traits. bn28 is a low temperature induced gene in brassicaceae species. pcr and southern blot analysis indicate that bn28 is polymorphic in the three diploid genomes: brassica rapa (aa), brassica nigra (bb), and brassica oleracea (cc). of the allotetraploids, brassica napus (aacc) is the only species to have inherited homologous genes from both parental genomes. brassica juncea (aabb) and br ... | 1996 | 18469930 |
| molecular systematics of brassica and allied genera (subtribe brassicinae, brassiceae) -chloroplast genome and cytodeme congruence. | chloroplast dna restriction sites for 20 endonucleases were mapped using cpdna probes from brassica juncea and site variation was surveyed in 33 diploid taxa of the subtribe brassicinae. a total of 419 mutations was observed, including both site (i.e., gain/ loss) and fragment length (i.e., insertions or deletions); 221 (53%) mutations showed variation at the interspecific level. phylogenetic analysis indicated a clear division of the subtribe into two ancient evolutionary lineages. these were ( ... | 1991 | 24212864 |
| imi resistance associated to crop-weed hybridization in a natural brassica rapa population: characterization and fate. | wild turnip (brassica rapa) is a common weed and a close relative to oilseed rape (brassica napus). the clearfield® production system is a highly adopted tool which provides an alternative solution for weed management, but its efficiency is threatened by gene transfer from crop to weed relatives. crop-weed hybrids with herbicide resistance were found in the progeny of a b. rapa population gathered from a weedy stand on the borders of an oilseed rape (b. napus) imidazolinone (imi)-resistant crop. ... | 2017 | 28185156 |
| cloning and phylogenetic analysis of brassica napus l. caffeic acid o-methyltransferase 1 gene family and its expression pattern under drought stress. | for many plants, regulating lignin content and composition to improve lodging resistance is a crucial issue. caffeic acid o-methyltransferase (comt) is a lignin monomer-specific enzyme that controls s subunit synthesis in plant vascular cell walls. here, we identified 12 bncomt1 gene homologues, namely bncomt1-1 to bncomt1-12. ten of 12 genes were composed of four highly conserved exons and three weakly conserved introns. the length of intron i, in particular, showed enormous diversification. in ... | 2016 | 27832102 |
| deletion of a stay-green gene associates with adaptive selection in brassica napus. | chlorophyll levels provide important information about plant growth and physiological plasticity in response to changing environments. the stay-green gene non-yellowing 1 (nye1) is believed to regulate chlorophyll degradation during senescence, concomitantly affecting the disassembly of the light-harvesting complex and hence indirectly influencing photosynthesis. we identified brassica napus accessions carrying an nye1 deletion associated with increased chlorophyll content, and with upregulated ... | 2016 | 27825945 |
| a new traf-like protein from b. oleracea ssp. botrytis with lectin activity and its effect on macrophages. | lectins are involved in a wide range of biological mechanisms, like immunomodulatory agent able to activate the innate immunity. in this study, we purified and characterized a new lectin from cauliflower (brassica oleracea ssp. botrytis - bol) by three sequential chromatographic steps and confirmed the purity by sds-page. additionally, we evaluated the role of the lectin in innate immunity by a phagocytosis assay, production of h2o2 and no. bol was characterized like a non-glycosylated protein t ... | 2017 | 27771409 |
| genome-wide gene/genome dosage imbalance regulates gene expressions in synthetic brassica napus and derivatives (ac, aac, cca, ccaa). | gene/genome dosage balance is an essential evolutionary mechanism for organisms to ensure a normal function, but the underlying causes of dosage-imbalance regulation remain poorly understood. herein, the serial brassica hybrids/polyploids (ac, aac, cca, ccaa) with different copies of a and c subgenomes from the same two parents of brassica rapa and brassica oleracea were synthesized to investigate the effects of genome dosages on gene expressions and interactions by using rna-seq. the expression ... | 2016 | 27721820 |
| gene conversion events and variable degree of homogenization of rdna loci in cultivars of brassica napus. | brassica napus (aacc, 2n = 38, oilseed rape) is a relatively recent allotetraploid species derived from the putative progenitor diploid species brassica rapa (aa, 2n = 20) and brassica oleracea (cc, 2n = 18). to determine the influence of intensive breeding conditions on the evolution of its genome, we analysed structure and copy number of rdna in 21 cultivars of b. napus, representative of genetic diversity. | 2017 | 27707747 |
| a comparative study of the seed structure between resynthesized allotetraploid and their diploid parents. | brassicaceae is at the forefront of evolution because of its frequent hybridization. hybridization is responsible for the induction of widespread genetic and phenotype changes, making it important in agricultural production. in this study, we obtained resynthesized allotetraploid brassica napus by performing interspecific crossing of b. rapa × b. oleracea combined with embryo rescue. we applied light microscopy and electronic microscopy to analyze the microstructure and ultrastructure of seeds o ... | 2017 | 27542083 |
| genetic variation and inheritance of phytosterol and oil content in a doubled haploid population derived from the winter oilseed rape sansibar × oase cross. | identification of qtl for phytosterol content, oil content, fatty acids content, protein content of defatted meal, and seed weight by multiple interval mapping in a brassica napus dh population. phytosterols are minor seed constituents in oilseed rape which have recently drawn wide-interest from the food and nutrition industry due to their health benefit in lowering ldl cholesterol in humans. to understand the genetic basis of phytosterol content and its relationship with other seed quality trai ... | 2016 | 26518571 |
| identification, evolution, and expression partitioning of mirnas in allopolyploid brassica napus. | the recently published genome of brassica napus offers for the first time the opportunity to gain insights into the genomic organization and the evolution of mirnas in oilseed rape. in this study, 12 small rna libraries from two b. napus cultivars (tapidor and ningyou7) and their four double-haploid lines were sequenced, employing the newly sequenced b. napus genome, together with genomes of its progenitors brassica rapa and brassica oleracea. a total of 645 mirnas including 280 conserved and 36 ... | 2015 | 26357884 |
| construction of brassica a and c genome-based ordered pan-transcriptomes for use in rapeseed genomic research. | this data article reports the establishment of the first pan-transcriptome resources for the brassica a and c genomes. these were developed using existing coding dna sequence (cds) gene models from the now-published brassica oleracea to1000 and brassica napus darmor-bzh genome sequence assemblies representing the chromosomes of these species, along with preliminary cds models from an updated brassica rapa chiifu genome sequence assembly. the b. rapa genome sequence scaffolds required splitting a ... | 2015 | 26217816 |
| high-throughput multiplex cpdna resequencing clarifies the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among brassica napus, brassica rapa and brassica oleracea. | brassica napus (rapeseed) is a recent allotetraploid plant and the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. the origin of b. napus and the genetic relationships with its diploid ancestor species remain largely unresolved. here, chloroplast dna (cpdna) from 488 b. napus accessions of global origin, 139 b. rapa accessions and 49 b. oleracea accessions were populationally resequenced using illumina solexa sequencing technologies. the intraspecific cpdna variants and their allelic frequencies w ... | 2016 | 26031705 |
| transcriptome analysis of canola (brassica napus) under salt stress at the germination stage. | canola (brassica napus) is one of the most important oil crops in the world. however, its yield has been constrained by salt stress. in this study, transcriptome profiles were explored using digital gene expression (dge) at 0, 3, 12 and 24 hours after h2o (control) and nacl treatments on b. napus roots at the germination stage. comparisons of gene-expression between the control and the treatment were conducted after tag-mapping to the sequenced brassica rapa genome. the differentially expressed ... | 2015 | 25679513 |
| seed bank dynamics govern persistence of brassica hybrids in crop and natural habitats. | gene flow from crops to their wild relatives has the potential to alter population growth rates and demography of hybrid populations, especially when a new crop has been genetically modified (gm). this study introduces a comprehensive approach to assess this potential for altered population fitness, and uses a combination of demographic data in two habitat types and mathematical (matrix) models that include crop rotations and outcrossing between parental species. | 2015 | 25452253 |
| nmr metabolomics of ripened and developing oilseed rape (brassica napus) and turnip rape (brassica rapa). | the oilseeds of the commercially important oilseed rape (brassica napus) and turnip rape (brassica rapa) were investigated with (1)h nmr metabolomics. the compositions of ripened (cultivated in field trials) and developing seeds (cultivated in controlled conditions) were compared in multivariate models using principal component analysis (pca), partial least squares discriminant analysis (pls-da), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (opls-da). differences in the major lipid ... | 2015 | 25442524 |
| gene expression and genetic analysis reveal diverse causes of recessive self-compatibility in brassica napus l. | brassica napus (aacc) is self-compatible, although its ancestor species brassica rapa (aa) and brassica oleracea (cc) are self-incompatible. most b.napus accessions have dominant self-compatibility (sc) resulting from an insertion of 3.6 kb in the promoter region of bnscr-1 on the a genome, while recessive sc in b.napus has rarely been observed. expression and cloning of srk and scr genes and genetic analysis were carried out to dissect bases of recessive sc in b.napus. | 2014 | 25432521 |
| assessing the value of imperfect biocontainment nationally: rapeseed in the united kingdom as an exemplar. | paternal biocontainment methods (pbms) act by preventing pollen-mediated transgene flow. they are compromised by transgene escape via the crop-maternal line. we therefore assess the efficacy of pbms for transgenic rapeseed (brassica napus) biocontainment across the united kingdom by estimating crop-maternal hybridization with its two progenitor species. we used remote sensing, field surveys, agricultural statistics, and meta-analysis to determine the extent of sympatry between the crop and popul ... | 2015 | 25367754 |
| braltp1, a lipid transfer protein gene involved in epicuticular wax deposition, cell proliferation and flower development in brassica napus. | plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) constitute large multigene families that possess complex physiological functions, many of which remain unclear. this study isolated and characterized the function of a lipid transfer protein gene, braltp1 from brassica rapa, in the important oilseed crops brassica napus. braltp1 encodes a predicted secretory protein, in the little known vi class of nsltp families. overexpression of bnaltp1 in b. napus caused abnormal green coloration and reduce ... | 2014 | 25314222 |
| a high-throughput snp array in the amphidiploid species brassica napus shows diversity in resistance genes. | single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps)are molecular markers based on nucleotide variation and can be used for genotyping assays across populations and to track genomic inheritance. snps offer a comprehensive genotyping alternative to whole-genome sequencing for both agricultural and research purposes including molecular breeding and diagnostics, genome evolution and genetic diversity analyses, genetic mapping, and trait association studies. here genomic snps were discovered between four cultivar ... | 2014 | 25147024 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas in oilseed rape (brassica napus) responsive to infection with the pathogenic fungus verticillium longisporum using brassica aa (brassica rapa) and cc (brassica oleracea) as reference genomes. | verticillium longisporum, a soil-borne pathogenic fungus, causes vascular disease in oilseed rape (brassica napus). we proposed that plant micrornas (mirnas) are involved in the plant-v. longisporum interaction. to identify oilseed rape mirnas, we deep-sequenced two small rna libraries made from v. longisporum infected/noninfected roots and employed brassica rapa and brassica oleracea genomes as references for mirna prediction and characterization. we identified 893 b. napus mirnas representing ... | 2014 | 25132374 |
| quantitative trait loci for thermal time to flowering and photoperiod responsiveness discovered in summer annual-type brassica napus l. | time of flowering is a key adaptive trait in plants and is conditioned by the interaction of genes and environmental cues including length of photoperiod, ambient temperature and vernalisation. here we investigated the photoperiod responsiveness of summer annual-types of brassica napus (rapeseed, canola). a population of 131 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between european and australian parents was evaluated for days to flowering, thermal time to flowering (measured in degree-days) a ... | 2014 | 25061822 |
| effect of enzyme-aided cell wall disintegration on protein extractability from intact and dehulled rapeseed (brassica rapa l. and brassica napus l.) press cakes. | cell-wall- and pectin-degrading enzyme preparations were used to enhance extractability of proteins from rapeseed press cake. rapeseed press cakes from cold pressing of intact brassica rapa and partially dehulled brassica napus seeds, containing 36-40% protein and 35% carbohydrates, were treated with pectinolytic (pectinex ultra sp-l), xylanolytic (depol 740l), and cellulolytic (celluclast 1.5l) enzyme preparations. pectinex caused effective disintegration of embryonic cell walls through hydroly ... | 2014 | 25039585 |
| intergenomic single nucleotide polymorphisms as a tool for bacterial artificial chromosome contig building of homoeologous brassica napus regions. | homoeologous sequences pose a particular challenge if bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) contigs shall be established for specific regions of an allopolyploid genome. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) differentiating between homoeologous genomes (intergenomic snps) may represent a suitable screening tool for such purposes, since they do not only identify homoeologous sequences but also differentiate between them. | 2014 | 24996518 |
| fine mapping of a dominant thermo-sensitive genic male sterility gene (bntsms) in rapeseed (brassica napus) with aflp- and brassica rapa-derived pcr markers. | a new thermo-sensitive dominant genic male sterility (tsdgms) line of brassica napus was found and mapped in this paper. our result will greatly accelerate the map-based cloning of the bntsms gene. te5a is a thermo-sensitive dominant genic male sterility line originating from spontaneous mutation of the inbred line te5 in brassica napus and provides a promising system for the development of hybrid cultivars. genetic analysis has revealed that the bntsms mutant is controlled by a single, dominant ... | 2014 | 24913363 |
| application of in vitro pollination of opened ovaries to obtain brassica oleracea l. × b. rapa l. hybrids. | this study presents the results of experiments concerning: (1) interspecific hybridization of brassica oleracea × brassica rapa via application of in vitro placental pollination and (2) embryological analysis of the process of resynthesis of brassica napus. in order to overcome certain stigma/style barriers, b. rapa pollen was placed in vitro on an opened b. oleracea ovary (with style removed). pollinated ovaries were cultured on murashige and skoog (ms) medium. after 24-d culture, the developin ... | 2014 | 24719550 |
| snp markers-based map construction and genome-wide linkage analysis in brassica napus. | an illumina infinium array comprising 5306 single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers was used to genotype 175 individuals of a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between skipton and ag-spectrum, two australian cultivars of rapeseed (brassica napus l.). a genetic linkage map based on 613 snp and 228 non-snp (dart, ssr, srap and candidate gene markers) covering 2514.8 cm was constructed and further utilized to identify loci associated with flowering time and resistance to blackleg, ... | 2014 | 24698362 |
| sixteen cytosolic glutamine synthetase genes identified in the brassica napus l. genome are differentially regulated depending on nitrogen regimes and leaf senescence. | a total of 16 bnagln1 genes coding for cytosolic glutamine synthetase isoforms (ec 6.3.1.2.) were found in the brassica napus genome. the total number of bnagln1 genes, their phylogenetic relationships, and genetic locations are in agreement with the evolutionary history of brassica species. two bnagln1.1, two bnagln1.2, six bnagln1.3, four bnagln1.4, and two bnagln1.5 genes were found and named according to the standardized nomenclature for the brassica genus. gene expression showed conserved r ... | 2014 | 24567494 |
| biotic elicitors effectively increase the glucosinolates content in brassicaceae sprouts. | several biotic elicitors have been used in brassicaceae species to enhance their phytochemical quality. however, there is no comparison between elicitors under controlled growth conditions. in order to draw general conclusions about the use of elicitors to enrich ready-to-eat sprouts in health-promoting glucosinolates, the aim of this study was to unveil the effect of the phytohormones methyl jasmonate (25 μm), jasmonic acid (150 μm), and salicylic acid (100 μm), the oligosaccharides glucose (27 ... | 2014 | 24484436 |
| extensive trna gene changes in synthetic brassica napus. | allopolyploidization, where two species come together to form a new species, plays a major role in speciation and genome evolution. transfer rnas (abbreviated trna) are typically 73-94 nucleotides in length, and are indispensable in protein synthesis, transferring amino acids to the cell protein synthesis machinery (ribosome). to date, the regularity and function of trna gene sequence variation during the process of allopolyploidization have not been well understood. in this study, the inter-trn ... | 2014 | 24271856 |
| identification of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms in allopolyploid crop brassica napus. | single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are the most common type of genetic variation. identification of large numbers of snps is helpful for genetic diversity analysis, map-based cloning, genome-wide association analyses and marker-assisted breeding. recently, identifying genome-wide snps in allopolyploid brassica napus (rapeseed, canola) by resequencing many accessions has become feasible, due to the availability of reference genomes of brassica rapa (2n = aa) and brassica oleracea (2n = cc), w ... | 2013 | 24138473 |
| genome-wide microsatellite characterization and marker development in the sequenced brassica crop species. | although much research has been conducted, the pattern of microsatellite distribution has remained ambiguous, and the development/utilization of microsatellite markers has still been limited/inefficient in brassica, due to the lack of genome sequences. in view of this, we conducted genome-wide microsatellite characterization and marker development in three recently sequenced brassica crops: brassica rapa, brassica oleracea and brassica napus. the analysed microsatellite characteristics of these ... | 2014 | 24130371 |
| coordinate changes in gene expression and triacylglycerol composition in the developing seeds of oilseed rape (brassica napus) and turnip rape (brassica rapa). | crop production for vegetable oil in the northern latitudes utilises oilseed rape (brassica napus subsp. oleifera) and turnip rape (b. rapa subsp. oleifera), having similar oil compositions. the oil consists mostly of triacylglycerols, which are synthesised during seed development. in this study, we characterised the oil composition and the expression levels of genes involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis in the developing seeds in optimal, low temperature (15 °c) and short day (12-h day lengt ... | 2014 | 24128529 |
| a consensus map of rapeseed (brassica napus l.) based on diversity array technology markers: applications in genetic dissection of qualitative and quantitative traits. | dense consensus genetic maps based on high-throughput genotyping platforms are valuable for making genetic gains in brassica napus through quantitative trait locus identification, efficient predictive molecular breeding, and map-based gene cloning. this report describes the construction of the first b. napus consensus map consisting of a 1,359 anchored array based genotyping platform; diversity arrays technology (dart), and non-dart markers from six populations originating from australia, canada ... | 2013 | 23617817 |
| the dispensable chromosome of leptosphaeria maculans shelters an effector gene conferring avirulence towards brassica rapa. | phytopathogenic fungi frequently contain dispensable chromosomes, some of which contribute to host range or pathogenicity. in leptosphaeria maculans, the stem canker agent of oilseed rape (brassica napus), the minichromosome was previously suggested to be dispensable, without evidence for any role in pathogenicity. using genetic and genomic approaches, we investigated the inheritance and molecular determinant of an l. maculans-brassica rapa incompatible interaction. single gene control of the re ... | 2013 | 23406519 |
| transcriptome profile analysis of young floral buds of fertile and sterile plants from the self-pollinated offspring of the hybrid between novel restorer line nr1 and nsa cms line in brassica napus. | the fertile and sterile plants were derived from the self-pollinated offspring of the f1 hybrid between the novel restorer line nr1 and the nsa cms line in brassica napus. to elucidate gene expression and regulation caused by the a and c subgenomes of b. napus, as well as the alien chromosome and cytoplasm from sinapis arvensis during the development of young floral buds, we performed a genome-wide high-throughput transcriptomic sequencing for young floral buds of sterile and fertile plants. | 2013 | 23324545 |
| a triallelic genetic male sterility locus in brassica napus: an integrative strategy for its physical mapping and possible local chromosome evolution around it. | spontaneous male sterility is an advantageous trait for both constructing efficient pollination control systems and for understanding the developmental process of the male reproductive unit in many crops. a triallelic genetic male-sterile locus (bnms5) has been identified in brassica napus; however, its complicated genome structure has greatly hampered the isolation of this locus. the aim of this study was to physically map bnms5 through an integrated map-based cloning strategy and analyse the l ... | 2013 | 23243189 |
| genetic and physical mapping of flowering time loci in canola (brassica napus l.). | we identified quantitative trait loci (qtl) underlying variation for flowering time in a doubled haploid (dh) population of vernalisation-responsive canola (brassica napus l.) cultivars skipton and ag-spectrum and aligned them with physical map positions of predicted flowering genes from the brassica rapa genome. significant genetic variation in flowering time and response to vernalisation were observed among the dh lines from skipton/ag-spectrum. a molecular linkage map was generated comprising ... | 2013 | 22955939 |
| high-throughput polymorphism detection and genotyping in brassica napus using next-generation rad sequencing. | the complex genome of rapeseed (brassica napus) is not well understood despite the economic importance of the species. good knowledge of sequence variation is needed for genetics approaches and breeding purposes. we used a diversity set of b. napus representing eight different germplasm types to sequence genome-wide distributed restriction-site associated dna (rad) fragments for polymorphism detection and genotyping. | 2012 | 22726880 |
| identification and characterization of candidate rlm4 blackleg resistance genes in brassica napus using next-generation sequencing. | a thorough understanding of the relationships between plants and pathogens is essential if we are to continue to meet the agricultural needs of the world's growing population. the identification of genes underlying important quantitative trait loci is extremely challenging in complex genomes such as brassica napus (canola, oilseed rape or rapeseed). however, recent advances in next-generation sequencing (ngs) enable much quicker identification of candidate genes for traits of interest. here, we ... | 2012 | 22726421 |
| antidiabetic ii drug metformin in plants: uptake and translocation to edible parts of cereals, oily seeds, beans, tomato, squash, carrots, and potatoes. | residues of pharmaceuticals present in wastewater and sewage sludge are of concern due to their transfer to aquatic and terrestrial food chains and possible adverse effects on nontargeted organisms. in the present work, uptake and translocation of metformin, an antidiabetic ii medicine, by edible plant species cultivated in agricultural soil have been investigated in greenhouse experiment. metformin demonstrated a high uptake and translocation to oily seeds of rape ( brassica napus cv. sheik and ... | 2012 | 22712757 |
| seed colour loci, homoeology and linkage groups of the c genome chromosomes revealed in brassica rapa-b. oleracea monosomic alien addition lines. | brassica rapa and b. oleracea are the progenitors of oilseed rape b. napus. the addition of each chromosome of b. oleracea to the chromosome complement of b. rapa results in a series of monosomic alien addition lines (maals). analysis of maals determines which b. oleracea chromosomes carry genes controlling specific phenotypic traits, such as seed colour. yellow-seeded oilseed rape is a desirable breeding goal both for food and livestock feed end-uses that relate to oil, protein and fibre conten ... | 2012 | 22628364 |
| fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of the nuclear restorer gene rfp for pol cms in rapeseed (brassica napus l.). | the polima (pol) system of cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) in rapeseed is widely used in china for commercial hybrid seed production. genetic studies have shown that its fertility restorer gene (rfp) is monogenic dominant. for fine mapping of the rfp gene, a near isogenic line comprising 3,662 individuals of bc(14)f(1) generation segregating for the rfp gene was created. based on the sequences of two scar markers, scap0612st and scap0612em2, developed by zhao et al. (genes genom 30(3):191-196, ... | 2012 | 22614178 |
| identification of fad2 and fad3 genes in brassica napus genome and development of allele-specific markers for high oleic and low linolenic acid contents. | modification of oleic acid (c18:1) and linolenic acid (c18:3) contents in seeds is one of the major goals for quality breeding after removal of erucic acid in oilseed rape (brassica napus). the fatty acid desaturase genes fad2 and fad3 have been shown as the major genes for the control of c18:1 and c18:3 contents. however, the genome structure and locus distributions of the two gene families in amphidiploid b. napus are still not completely understood to date. in the present study, all copies of ... | 2012 | 22534790 |
| identification and mapping of a major dominant quantitative trait locus controlling seeds per silique as a single mendelian factor in brassica napus l. | one putative quantitative trait locus (qtl) for seeds per silique (ss), cqss.a8, was identified using a double haploid (dh) population in brassica napus, and near-isogenic lines (nils; bc(3)f(1)) for cqss.a8 were developed. however, the flanking markers from cqss.a8 showed no significant difference using single-marker analysis, even though the frequency distribution of ss in the bc(3)f(1) was bimodal, suggesting that one novel locus existed. in this study, we characterized the effects of this lo ... | 2012 | 22487878 |
| size and location of radish chromosome regions carrying the fertility restorer rfk1 gene in spring turnip rape. | in spring turnip rape (brassica rapa l. spp. oleifera), the most promising f1 hybrid system would be the ogu-inra cms/rf system. a kosena fertility restorer gene rfk1, homolog of the ogura restorer gene rfo, was successfully transferred from oilseed rape into turnip rape and that restored the fertility in female lines carrying ogura cms. the trait was, however, unstable in subsequent generations. the physical localization of the radish chromosomal region carrying the rfk1 gene was investigated u ... | 2012 | 22476396 |
| selection against hybrids in mixed populations of brassica rapa and brassica napus: model and synthesis. | pollen of the crop oilseed rape (brassica napus, aacc) can cross-fertilize ovules of brassica rapa (aa), which leads to an influx of unpaired c-chromosomes into wild b. rapa populations. the presence of such extra chromosomes is thought to be an indicator of introgression. backcrosses and f(1) hybrids were found in danish populations but, surprisingly, only f(1) hybrids were found in the uk and the netherlands. here, a model tests how the level of selection and biased vs unbiased transmission af ... | 2012 | 22463678 |
| exploiting comparative mapping among brassica species to accelerate the physical delimitation of a genic male-sterile locus (bnrf) in brassica napus. | the recessive genic male sterility (rgms) line 9012ab has been used as an important pollination control system for rapeseed hybrid production in china. here, we report our study on physical mapping of one male-sterile locus (bnrf) in 9012ab by exploiting the comparative genomics among brassica species. the genetic maps around bnrf from previous reports were integrated and enriched with markers from the brassica a7 chromosome. subsequent collinearity analysis of these markers contributed to the i ... | 2012 | 22382487 |
| a knockout mutation in the lignin biosynthesis gene ccr1 explains a major qtl for acid detergent lignin content in brassica napus seeds. | seed coat phenolic compounds represent important antinutritive fibre components that cause a considerable reduction in value of seed meals from oilseed rape (brassica napus). the nutritionally most important fibre compound is acid detergent lignin (adl), to which a significant contribution is made by phenylpropanoid-derived lignin precursors. in this study, we used bulked-segregant analysis in a population of recombinant inbred lines (rils) from a cross of the chinese oilseed rape lines gh06 (ye ... | 2012 | 22350089 |