| transformation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) by agrobacterium tumefaciens and regeneration of transgenic plants. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledon tissues have been efficiently transformed and plants have been regenerated. cotyledon pieces from 12-day-old aseptically germinated seedlings were inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing avirulent ti (tumor-inducing) plasmids with a chimeric gene encoding kanamycin resistance. after three days cocultivation, the cotyledon pieces were placed on a callus initiation medium containing kanamycin for selection. high frequencies of transform ... | 1987 | 24277496 |
| chilling stress--the key predisposing factor for causing alternaria alternata infection and leading to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaf senescence. | leaf senescence plays a vital role in nutrient recycling and overall capacity to assimilate carbon dioxide. cotton premature leaf senescence, often accompanied with unexpected short-term low temperature, has been occurring with an increasing frequency in many cotton-growing areas and causes serious reduction in yield and quality of cotton. the key factors for causing and promoting cotton premature leaf senescence are still unclear. in this case, the relationship between the pre-chilling stress a ... | 2012 | 22558354 |
| genome-wide transcriptome analysis of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) identifies candidate gene signatures in response to aflatoxin producing fungus aspergillus flavus. | aflatoxins are toxic and potent carcinogenic metabolites produced from the fungi aspergillus flavus and a. parasiticus. aflatoxins can contaminate cottonseed under conducive preharvest and postharvest conditions. united states federal regulations restrict the use of aflatoxin contaminated cottonseed at >20 ppb for animal feed. several strategies have been proposed for controlling aflatoxin contamination, and much success has been achieved by the application of an atoxigenic strain of a. flavus i ... | 2015 | 26366857 |
| conversion of fusaric acid to fusarinol by aspergillus tubingensis: a detoxification reaction. | the fungus fusarium oxysporum causes wilt diseases of plants and produces a potent phytotoxin fusaric acid (fa), which is also toxic to many microorganisms. an aspergillus tubingensis strain with high tolerance to fa was isolated from soil and designated as cdrat01. hplc analysis of culture filtrates from a. tubingensis isolate cdrat01 grown with the addition of fa indicated the formation of a metabolite over time that was associated with a decrease of fa. spectral analysis and chemical synthesi ... | 2014 | 24352475 |
| application of bacteria from non-cultivated plants to promote growth, alter root architecture and alleviate salt stress of cotton. | cotton seeds are frequently treated with acid to remove fibres and reduce seed-transmitted diseases. this process also eliminates beneficial bacteria on the seed surface. the goal of this research was to seek and apply beneficial bacteria to acid delinted cotton seeds to evaluate their growth-promoting and salt stress alleviating effects in seedlings. | 2017 | 28176460 |
| bacillus gossypii sp. nov., isolated from the stem of gossypium hirsutum. | a gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming organism, isolated from the stem of gossypium hirsutum, was studied to determine its taxonomic position. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence similarity comparisons, strain jm-267t was grouped in the genus bacillus, related most closely to the type strains of bacillus simplex and bacillus huizhouensis (both 97.8%), bacillus muralis (97.7%), bacillus butanolivorans and bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus (both 97.3%). 16s rrna gene s ... | 2015 | 26303844 |
| transgenic cotton expressing cry10aa toxin confers high resistance to the cotton boll weevil. | genetically modified (gm) cotton plants that effectively control cotton boll weevil (cbw), which is the most destructive cotton insect pest in south america, are reported here for the first time. this work presents the successful development of a new gm cotton with high resistance to cbw conferred by cry10aa toxin, a protein encoded by entomopathogenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) gene. the plant transformation vector harbouring cry10aa gene driven by the cotton ubiquitination-related promoter uc ... | 2017 | 28081289 |
| interaction of transgenic and natural insect resistance mechanisms against spodoptera littoralis in cotton. | insect-resistant transgenic plants that express insecticidal cry proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are grown on millions of hectares worldwide. while these proteins are efficient in controlling key lepidopteran pests, not all pests are affected and the development of resistance in target pests is always a concern. these shortcomings could be addressed by exploiting the natural insect resistance of cotton, especially inducible terpenoids such as gossypol. | 2016 | 28019063 |
| high expression of cry1ac protein in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) by combining independent transgenic events that target the protein to cytoplasm and plastids. | transgenic cotton was developed using two constructs containing a truncated and codon-modified cry1ac gene (1,848 bp), which was originally characterized from bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki strain hd73 that encodes a toxin highly effective against many lepidopteran pests. in construct i, the cry1ac gene was cloned under fmvde, a strong constitutively expressing promoter, to express the encoded protein in the cytoplasm. in construct ii, the encoded protein was directed to the plastids ... | 2016 | 27391960 |
| assessment of bt trait purity in different generations of transgenic cottons. | adequate expression of bt (bacillus thuringiensis) toxins and purity of seeds of bt-transgenic cottons are important for controlling bollworms, and thereby increasing the cotton productivity. therefore, we examined the variability in expression of bt toxin proteins in the seeds and in leaves of different cotton (gossypium hirsutum (l.) hybrids (jkch 226, jkch 1947, jkch durga, jkch ishwar, jkch varun kdchh 441 and kdchh 621) expressing bt toxins in f₁ and f₂ generations, using bioassays against ... | 2016 | 27295920 |
| transformation and evaluation of cry1ac+cry2a and gtgene in gossypium hirsutum l. | more than 50 countries around the globe cultivate cotton on a large scale. it is a major cash crop of pakistan and is considered "white gold" because it is highly important to the economy of pakistan. in addition to its importance, cotton cultivation faces several problems, such as insect pests, weeds, and viruses. in the past, insects have been controlled by insecticides, but this method caused a severe loss to the economy. however, conventional breeding methods have provided considerable break ... | 2015 | 26617613 |
| fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) development, survivorship, and damage on cotton plants expressing insecticidal plant-incorporated protectants. | cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.), plants expressing insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) berliner are planted on significant acreage across the southern region of the united states. fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), can be a significant cotton pest in some years, but this species has not been a primary target of bt cotton technologies. the objective of this study was to quantify fall armyworm larval survivorship and fruiting form injury on transgeni ... | 2015 | 26470233 |
| cadherin is involved in the action of bacillus thuringiensis toxins cry1ac and cry2aa in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins are effective against some insect pests in sprays and transgenic crops, although the evolution of resistance could threaten the long-term efficacy of such bt use. one strategy to delay resistance to bt crops is to "pyramid" two or more bt proteins that bind to distinct receptor proteins within the insect midgut. the most common bt pyramid in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) employs cry1ac with cry2ab to target several key lepidopteran ... | 2015 | 25754522 |
| asiatic cotton can generate similar economic benefits to bt cotton under rainfed conditions. | american cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), transformed with bacillus thuringiensis cry genes (bt g. hirsutum) that confer resistance to lepidopteran pests, is extensively cultivated worldwide. in india, transgenic bt g. hirsutum was commercially released in 2002 and by 2014 95% of farmers had adopted bt g. hirsutum(1). the economic benefits of bt g. hirsutum over non-bt g. hirsutum are well documented and include increase in yields, increase in farmers' net revenue and reduction in pesticide appli ... | 2015 | 27250007 |
| using resistant prey demonstrates that bt plants producing cry1ac, cry2ab, and cry1f have no negative effects on geocoris punctipes and orius insidiosus. | geocoris punctipes (say) and orius insidiosus (say) are generalist predators found in a wide range of crops, including cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and maize (zea mays l.), where they provide important biological control services by feeding on an array of pests, including eggs and small larvae of caterpillars. a high percentage of cotton and maize in the united states and several other countries are transgenic cultivars that produce one or more of the insecticidal cry proteins of bacillus thur ... | 2014 | 24472212 |
| current status of genetic engineering in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l): an assessment. | cotton is considered as the foremost commercially important fiber crop and is deemed as the backbone of the textile industry. the productivity of cotton crop, worldwide, is severely hampered by the occurrence of pests, weeds, pathogens apart from various environmental factors. several beneficial agronomic traits, viz., early maturity, improved fiber quality, heat tolerance, etc. have been successfully incorporated into cotton varieties employing conventional hybridization and mutation breeding. ... | 2014 | 23190258 |
| effects of entomopathogenic nematodes on evolution of pink bollworm resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac. | the evolution of resistance by pests can reduce the efficacy of transgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt). however, fitness costs may act to delay pest resistance to bt toxins. meta-analysis of results from four previous studies revealed that the entomopathogenic nematode steinernema riobrave (rhabditida: steinernematidae) imposed a 20% fitness cost for larvae of pink bollworm, pectinophora gossypiella (saunders) (lepidoptera: gelechiidae), that were homo ... | 2012 | 22812141 |
| the entomopathogenic fungal endophytes purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly paecilomyces lilacinus) and beauveria bassiana negatively affect cotton aphid reproduction under both greenhouse and field conditions. | the effects of two entomopathogenic fungal endophytes, beauveria bassiana and purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly paecilomyces lilacinus), were assessed on the reproduction of cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera:aphididae), through in planta feeding trials. in replicate greenhouse and field trials, cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum) were inoculated as seed treatments with two concentrations of b. bassiana or p. lilacinum conidia. positive colonization of cotton by the endophytes was c ... | 2014 | 25093505 |
| effects of potato-cotton cropping systems and nematicides on plant-parasitic nematodes and crop yields. | belonolaimus longicaudatus has been reported as damaging both potato (solanum tuberosum) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum). these crops are not normally grown in cropping systems together in areas where the soil is infested with b. longicaudatus. during the 1990s cotton was grown in a potato production region that was a suitable habitat for b. longicaudatus. it was not known how integrating the production of these two crops by rotation or double-cropping would affect the population densities of b. ... | 2000 | 19270980 |
| population dynamics of belonolaimus longicaudatusin a cotton production system. | belonolaimus longicaudatus is a recognized pathogen of cotton (gossypium hirsutum), but insufficient information is available on the population dynamics and economic thresholds of b. longicaudatus in cotton production. in this study, data collected from a field in florida were used to develop models predicting population increases of b. longicaudatus on cotton and population declines under clean fallow. population densities of b. longicaudatus increased on cotton, reaching a carrying capacity of ... | 2000 | 19270968 |
| yield reduction and root damage to cotton induced by belonolaimus longicaudatus. | sting nematode (belonolaimus longicaudatus) is recognized as a pathogen of cotton (gossypium hirsutum), but the expected damage from a given population density of this nematode has not been determined. the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of increasing initial population densities (pi) of b. longicaudatus on cotton yield and root mass. in a field plot study, nematicide application and cropping history were used to obtain a wide range of pi values. cotton yields were regressed ... | 2000 | 19270967 |
| effect of tropical rotation crops on meloidogyne incognita and other plant-parasitic nematodes. | in a field experiment conducted on sandy soil in florida during the 1993 season, rotation crops of castor (ricinus communis), velvetbean (mucuna deeringina), 'mississippi silver' cowpea (vigna unguiculata), american jointvetch (aeschynomene americana), 'dehapine 51' cotton (gossypium hirsutum), and 'sx-17' sorghum-sudangrass (sorghum bicolor x s. sudanense) were effective in maintaining low population densities (<12/100 cm(3) soil) of meloidogyne incognita race 1, whereas high population densiti ... | 1995 | 19277319 |
| ghataf1, a nac transcription factor, confers abiotic and biotic stress responses by regulating phytohormonal signaling networks. | dual function of ghataf1 in the responses to salinity stress and verticillium dahliae infection in cotton. nac (nam/ataf1/2/cuc2) is a large plant-specific transcription factor family that plays important roles in the response to abiotic stresses. we previously isolated a cotton nac transcription factor gene, ghataf1, which was up-regulated by aba, cold and salt stresses and classified into afat1/2, a sub-family of nac. here, we report that ghataf1 was also highly induced by meja, sa and vertici ... | 2016 | 27432176 |
| ghwrky25, a group i wrky gene from cotton, confers differential tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana. | wrky transcription factors are involved in various processes, ranging from plant growth to abiotic and biotic stress responses. group i wrky members have been rarely reported compared with group ii or iii members, particularly in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). in this study, a group i wrky gene, namely, ghwrky25, was cloned from cotton and characterized. expression analysis revealed that ghwrky25 can be induced or deduced by the treatments of abiotic stresses and multiple defense-related signaling ... | 2016 | 26410829 |
| functional characterization of a strong bi-directional constitutive plant promoter isolated from cotton leaf curl burewala virus. | cotton leaf curl burewala virus (clcubuv), belonging to the genus begomovirus, possesses single-stranded monopartite dna genome. the bidirectional promoters representing rep and coat protein (cp) genes of clcubuv were characterized and their efficacy was assayed. rep and cp promoters of clcubuv and 35s promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) were fused with β-glucuronidase (gus) and green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter genes. gus activity in individual plant cells driven by rep, cp and 3 ... | 2015 | 25799504 |
| gossypium arboreum ghsp26 enhances drought tolerance in gossypium hirsutum. | heat-shock proteins (hsp) are molecular chaperones for protein molecules. these proteins play an important role in protein-protein interactions such as, folding and assisting in the establishment of proper protein conformation and prevention of unwanted protein aggregation. a small hsp gene ghsp26 present in gossypium arboreum responds to dehydration. in the present study, an attempt was made to overcome the problem of drought stress in cotton. a cdna of ghsp26 was isolated from g. arboreum, clo ... | 2011 | 19847887 |
| overexpression of an h+-ppase gene from thellungiella halophila in cotton enhances salt tolerance and improves growth and photosynthetic performance. | salinity is one of the major environmental factors limiting plant growth and productivity. an h(+)-ppase gene, tsvp from thellungiella halophila, was transferred into cotton (gossypium hirsutum) in sense and antisense orientations under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter. southern and northern blotting analysis showed that the sense or antisense tsvp were integrated into the cotton genome and expressed. transgenic plants overexpressing the vacuolar h(+)-ppase were much m ... | 2008 | 18550626 |
| cloning of peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase gene from barley and enhanced thermotolerance by overexpressing in arabidopsis thaliana. | a full-length cdna clone (hvapx1) encoding a peroxisomal type ascorbate peroxidase was isolated from barley (hordeum vulgare cv. haruna-nijyo) leaves by differential display. the deduced amino acid sequence of the hvapx1 gene had 75.3% homology to that from the gossypium hirsutum glyoxysomal apx gene and 72.1% homology to that from the arabidopsis thaliana peroxisomal apx gene, apx3. southern blot analysis indicated that a single-copy gene in the barley genome encoded hvapx1. northern blot analy ... | 2001 | 11483357 |
| replication of cauliflower mosaic virus dna in leaves and suspension culture protoplasts of cotton. | cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) replicated in protoplasts and in inoculated leaves of the non-host, cotton (gossypium hirsutum, l.). protoplasts prepared from suspension-cultured cotton cells were infected by incubation with liposome-encapsulated camv virions. during a 1-week culture period the amount of camv nucleic acid as detected by nucleic acid hybridization in the protoplasts increased significantly regardless of whether or not the protoplasts contained vacuoles. in leaves inoculated with ... | 1987 | 16665300 |
| the fungal endophyte chaetomium globosum negatively affects both above- and belowground herbivores in cotton. | mutualistic plant-endophyte symbioses can benefit plants by increasing host fitness through reductions in herbivory. the fungus, chaetomium globosum strain tamu 520, was previously isolated as an endophyte from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and can be re-inoculated to systemically colonize cotton plants via seed treatment. we evaluated the potential impacts of the endophyte in cotton on plant parasitic nematodes belowground, along with piercing-sucking and chewing insects aboveground. endophytic c ... | 2016 | 27451418 |
| spatial and temporal variation in fungal endophyte communities isolated from cultivated cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | studies of fungi in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivated in the united states have largely focused on monitoring and controlling plant pathogens. given increasing interest in asymptomatic fungal endophytes as potential biological control agents, surveys are needed to better characterize their diversity, distribution patterns and possible applications in integrated pest management. we sampled multiple varieties of cotton in texas, usa and tested for temporal and spatial variation in fung ... | 2013 | 23776604 |
| overexpression of ft in cotton affects architecture but not floral organogenesis. | flowering marks the change from indeterminate to determinate plant growth, and this developmental transition involves the activity of the arabidopsis flowering locus t (ft) gene product and its orthologs. we demonstrated that when ft is ectopically expressed from a viral vector in cotton, a process referred to as virus induced flowering (vif), it uncouples flowering from photoperiodic regulation and promotes determinate growth in aerial organs. the accelerated switch to determinate growth affect ... | 2013 | 23333977 |
| geminivirus-mediated delivery of florigen promotes determinate growth in aerial organs and uncouples flowering from photoperiod in cotton. | plant architecture and the timing and distribution of reproductive structures are fundamental agronomic traits shaped by patterns of determinate and indeterminate growth. florigen, encoded by flowering locus t (ft) in arabidopsis and single flower truss (sft) in tomato, acts as a general growth hormone, advancing determinate growth. domestication of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) converted it from a lanky photoperiodic perennial to a highly inbred, compact day-neutral plant that is managed a ... | 2012 | 22615805 |
| cotton leaf curl multan virus-derived viral small rnas can target cotton genes to promote viral infection. | rna silencing is a conserved mechanism in plants that targets viruses. viral small rnas (vsirnas) can be generated from viral double-stranded rna replicative intermediates within the infected host, or from host rna-dependent rna polymerases activity on viral templates. the abundance and profile of vsirnas in viral infections have been reported previously. however, the involvement of vsirnas during infection of the geminiviridae family member cotton leaf curl virus (clcud), which causes significa ... | 2016 | 27540385 |
| high genetic homogeneity points to a single introduction event responsible for invasion of cotton leaf curl multan virus and its associated betasatellite into china. | cotton leaf curl multan virus (clcumuv) is a whitefly transmitted geminivirus (wtg) endemic to the india subcontinent and is notorious as a causal agent of cotton leaf curl disease (clcud), a major constraint to cotton production in south asia. we found clcumuv infecting hibiscus rosa-sinensis in guangzhou, china in 2006. the spread and evolution of the invading clcumuv were monitored in the following nine years. | 2015 | 26445958 |
| functional characterization of an anthocyanidin reductase gene from the fibers of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | metabolic profiling, gene cloning, enzymatic analysis, ectopic expression, and gene silencing experiments demonstrate that the anthocyanidin reductase (anr) pathway is involved in the biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins in upland cotton. proanthocyanidins (pas) are oligomeric or polymeric flavan-3-ols, however, the biosynthetic pathway of pas in cotton remains to be elucidated. here, we report on an anthocyanidin reductase (anr) gene from cotton fibers and the anr pathway of pas. phytochemical ana ... | 2015 | 25575669 |
| a fungal protein elicitor pevd1 induces verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. | we found that the elicitor pevd1 triggered innate immunity in cotton, which plays an important role in future cotton wilt disease control. | 2014 | 24337817 |
| a transcript profiling approach reveals an abscisic acid-specific glycosyltransferase (ugt73c14) induced in developing fiber of ligon lintless-2 mutant of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | ligon lintless-2, a monogenic dominant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber mutation, causing extreme reduction in lint fiber length with no pleiotropic effects on vegetative growth, represents an excellent model system to study fiber elongation. a udp-glycosyltransferase that was highly expressed in developing fibers of the mutant ligon lintless-2 was isolated. the predicted amino acid sequence showed ~53% similarity with arabidopsis ugt73c sub-family members and the udp-glycosyltransferase was ... | 2013 | 24086489 |
| cotton ghkch2, a plant-specific kinesin, is low-affinitive and nucleotide-independent as binding to microtubule. | kinesin is an atp-driven microtubule motor protein that plays important roles in control of microtubule dynamics, intracellular transport, cell division and signal transduction. the kinesin superfamily is composed of numerous members that are classified into 14 subfamilies. animal kinesins have been well characterized. in contrast, plant kinesins have not yet to be characterized adequately. here, a novel plant-specific kinesin gene, ghkch2, has been cloned from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers ... | 2007 | 17927906 |
| characterization of ghrac1 gtpase expressed in developing cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers. | cytoskeleton assembly plays an important role in determining cotton fiber cell length and morphology and is developmentally regulated. as in other plant cells, it is not clear how cytoskeletal assembly in fibers is regulated. recently, several rac/rop gtpases in arabidopsis were shown to regulate isotropic and polar cell growth of root hairs and pollen tubes by controlling assembly of the cytoskeleton. ghrac1, isolated from cottonseeds, is a member of the rac/rop gtpase family and is abundantly ... | 2004 | 15358513 |
| identification and evidence of positive selection upon resistance gene analogs in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) is an important fiber crop species, which is intensively plagued by a plethora of phytopathogenic fungi such as fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (fov) causing severe wilt disease. resistance gene analogs (rgas) are the largest class of potential resistance (r) genes depicting highly conserved domains and structures in plants. additionally, rgas are pivotal components of breeding projects towards host disease resistance, serving as useful functional mark ... | 2016 | 27729728 |
| effects of silicon treatment and inoculation with fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum on cellular defences in root tissues of two cotton cultivars. | silicon has been shown to enhance the resistance of plants to fungal and bacterial pathogens. here, the effect of potassium silicate was assessed on two cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivars subsequently inoculated with fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (fov). sicot 189 is moderately resistant whilst sicot f-1 is the second most resistant commercial cultivar presently available in australia. | 2016 | 27288509 |
| sequence composition of bac clones and ssr markers mapped to upland cotton chromosomes 11 and 21 targeting resistance to soil-borne pathogens. | genetic and physical framework mapping in cotton (gossypium spp.) were used to discover putative gene sequences involved in resistance to common soil-borne pathogens. chromosome (chr) 11 and its homoeologous chr 21 of upland cotton (g. hirsutum) are foci for discovery of resistance (r) or pathogen-induced r (pr) genes underlying qtls involved in response to root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), reniform nematode (rotylenchulus reniformis), fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectu ... | 2015 | 26483808 |
| analyses of fusarium wilt race 3 resistance in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | fusarium wilt [fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (fov) atk. sny & hans] represents a serious threat to cotton (gossypium spp.) production. for the last few decades, the fov pathogen has become a significant problem in uzbekistan causing severe wilt disease and yield losses of g. hirsutum l. cultivars. we present the first genetic analyses of fov race 3 resistance on uzbek cotton germplasm with a series of field and greenhouse artificial inoculation-evaluations and inheritance studies. the fie ... | 2015 | 25896369 |
| diversity of endophytic fungi from different verticillium-wilt-resistant gossypium hirsutum and evaluation of antifungal activity against verticillium dahliae in vitro. | cotton plants were sampled and ranked according to their resistance to verticillium wilt. in total, 642 endophytic fungi isolates representing 27 genera were recovered from gossypium hirsutum root, stem, and leaf tissues, but were not uniformly distributed. more endophytic fungi appeared in the leaf (391) compared with the root (140) and stem (111) sections. however, no significant difference in the abundance of isolated endophytes was found among resistant cotton varieties. alternaria exhibited ... | 2014 | 24836187 |
| a glycine max homolog of non-race specific disease resistance 1 (ndr1) alters defense gene expression while functioning during a resistance response to different root pathogens in different genetic backgrounds. | a glycine max homolog of the arabidopsis thaliana non-race specific disease resistance 1 (ndr1) coiled-coil nucleotide binding leucine rich repeat (cc-nb-lrr) defense signaling gene (gm-ndr1-1) is expressed in root cells undergoing a defense response to the root pathogenic nematode, heterodera glycines. gm-ndr1-1 overexpression in the h. glycines-susceptible genotype g. max[williams 82/pi 518671] impairs parasitism. in contrast, gm-ndr1-1 rna interference (rnai) in the h. glycines-resistant geno ... | 2017 | 28273511 |
| site specific nematode management-development and success in cotton production in the united states. | variability in edaphic factors such as clay content, organic matter, and nutrient availability within individual fields is a major obstacle confronting cotton producers. adaptation of geospatial technologies such global positioning systems (gps), yield monitors, autosteering, and the automated on-and-off technology required for site-specific nematicide application has provided growers with additional tools for managing nematodes. multiple trials in several states were conducted to evaluate this ... | 2014 | 25580023 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne arenaria and pasteuria penetrans in a long-term crop rotation study. | the endospore-forming bacterium pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). the primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of crop sequence on abundance of p. penetrans. the experiment was conducted from 2000 to 2008 at a field site naturally infested with both the bacterium and its host meloidogyne arenaria and included the following crop sequences: continuous peanut (arachis hypogaea) (p-p-p) and peanut rotated with either 2 years of ... | 2009 | 22736828 |
| bahiagrass, corn, cotton rotations, and pesticides for managing nematodes, diseases, and insects on peanut. | florunner peanut was grown after 1 and 2 years of tifton 9 bahiagrass, corn, cotton, and continuous peanut as whole-plots. pesticide treatments aldicarb (3.4 kg a.i./ha), flutolanil (1.7 kg a.i./ha), aldicarb + flutolanil, and untreated (control) were sub-plots. numbers of meloidogyne arenaria second-stage juveniles in the soil and root-gall indices of peanut at harvest were consistently lower in plots treated with aldicarb and aldicarb + flutolanil than in flutolanil-treated and untreated plots ... | 1999 | 19270889 |
| effects of tropical rotation crops on meloidogyne arenaria population densities and vegetable yields in microplots. | the effects of 12 summer crop rotation treatments on population densities of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 and on yields of subsequent spring vegetable crops were determined in microplots. the crop sequence was: (i) rotation crops during summer 1991 ; (ii) cover crop of rye (secale cereale) during winter 1991-92; (iii) squash (cucurbita pepo) during spring 1992; (iv) rotation crops during summer 1992; (v) rye during winter 1992-93; (vi) eggplant (solanum melongena) during spring 1993. the 12 rotat ... | 1994 | 19279880 |
| crops uncommon to alabama for the management of meloidogyne arenaria in peanut. | in a 1987 field study juveniles of meloidogyne arenaria assayed at the time of peanut harvest were almost undetectable in plots planted with american jointvetch (aeschynomene americana), castor bean (ricinus communis), partridge pea (cassia fasiculata), sesame (sesamum indicum), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum), whereas plots with peanut (arachis hypogaea) averaged 120 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. application of aldicarb in peanut resulted in an average of 27 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. in 1988 all pl ... | 1989 | 19287678 |
| coupling of mic-3 overexpression with the chromosomes 11 and 14 root-knot nematode (rkn) (meloidogyne incognita) resistance qtls provides insights into the regulation of the rkn resistance response in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | genetic analysis of mic-3 transgene with rkn resistance qtls provides insight into the resistance regulatory mechanism and provides a framework for testing additional hypotheses. resistance to root-knot nematode (rkn) (meloidogyne incognita) in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is mediated by two major quantitative trait loci (qtl) located on chromosomes 11 and 14. the mic-3 (meloidogyne induced cotton3) protein accumulates specifically within the immature galls of rkn-resistant plants that pos ... | 2016 | 27314265 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas in the plant parasitic root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita using deep sequencing. | the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita is among the most damaging plant-parasitic pests of several crops including cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and tomato (lycopersicon escultentum). recently, a genome has become available for m. incognita, which greatly facilitates investigation of the interactions between m. incognita and its plant hosts at the molecular level and enables formation of hypotheses concerning development at the cellular level. micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small rna mole ... | 2016 | 26743520 |
| physiological effects of meloidogyne incognita infection on cotton genotypes with differing levels of resistance in the greenhouse. | greenhouse tests were conducted to evaluate (i) the effect of meloidogyne incognita infection in cotton on plant growth and physiology including the height-to-node ratio, chlorophyll content, dark-adapted quantum yield of photosystem ii, and leaf area; and (ii) the extent to which moderate or high levels of resistance to m. incognita influenced these effects. cultivars fibermax 960 br (susceptible to m. incognita) and stoneville 5599 br (moderately resistant) were tested together in three trials ... | 2014 | 25580028 |
| overexpression of mic-3 indicates a direct role for the mic gene family in mediating upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) resistance to root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). | transgene-based analysis of the mic-3 gene provides the first report of a cotton gene having a direct role in mediating cotton resistance to root-knot nematode. major quantitative trait loci have been mapped to upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) chromosomes 11 and 14 that govern the highly resistant phenotype in response to infection by root-knot nematode (rkn; meloidogyne incognita); however, nearly nothing is known regarding the underlying molecular determinants of this rkn-resistant phenot ... | 2015 | 25376794 |
| effect of simultaneous water deficit stress and meloidogyne incognita infection on cotton yield and fiber quality. | both water deficit stress and meloidogyne incognita infection can reduce cotton growth and yield, and drought can affect fiber quality, but the effect of nematodes on fiber quality is not well documented. to determine whether nematode parasitism affects fiber quality and whether the combined effects of nematode and drought stress on yield and quality are additive (independent effects), synergistic, or antagonistic, we conducted a study for 7 yr in a field infested with m. incognita. a split-plot ... | 2014 | 24987162 |
| the relationship between environmental variables and response of cotton to nematicides. | nematicide/irrigation rate trials were conducted in texas (tx) in 2009 and 2010 in cotton grown at three irrigation rates, where irrigation rate (base (b), b - 33%, b + 33%) was the main plot and treatment (untreated check, aldicarb, and nematicide seed treatment (nst) and nst + aldicarb) were the subplots. aldicarb improved cotton lint yield with the base (medium) irrigation rate over the untreated check, but not at the b - 33% and b + 33% irrigation rates. in a second evaluation, 20 tests cond ... | 2013 | 23589654 |
| inheritance of resistance to meloidoygne incognita in primitive cotton accessions from mexico. | few sources of resistance to root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne incognita) in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) have been utilized to develop resistant cultivars, making this resistance vulnerable to virulence in the pathogen population. the objectives of this study were to determine the inheritance of resistance in five primitive accessions of g. hirsutum (tx1174, tx1440, tx2076, tx2079, and tx2107) and to determine allelic relations with the genes for resistance in the genotypes clevewilt-6 (cw ... | 2010 | 22736869 |
| geostatistical modeling of the spatial variability and risk areas of southern root-knot nematodes in relation to soil properties. | identifying the spatial variability and risk areas for southern root-knot nematode [meloidogyne incognita (kofoid & white) chitwood] (rkn) is key for site-specific management (ssm) of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fields. the objectives of this study were to: (i) determine the soil properties that influence rkn occurrence at different scales; and (ii) delineate risk areas of rkn by indicator kriging. the study site was a cotton field located in the southeastern coastal plain region of the usa. ... | 2010 | 20717481 |
| fine mapping qmi-c11 a major qtl controlling root-knot nematodes resistance in upland cotton. | the identification and utilization of a high-level of host plant resistance is the most effective and economical approach to control root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). in an earlier study, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) for resistance to root-knot nematode in the m-120 rnr upland cotton line (gossypium hirsutum l.) of the auburn 623 rnr source. the qtl is located in a 12.9-cm interval flanked by the two ssr markers cir069 and cir316 on the distal segment of chromos ... | 2010 | 20680610 |
| ssr markers closely associated with genes for resistance to root-knot nematode on chromosomes 11 and 14 of upland cotton. | molecular markers closely linked to genes that confer a high level of resistance to root-knot nematode (rkn) [meloidogyne incognita (kofoid & white) chitwood] in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) germplasm derived from auburn 623 rnr would greatly facilitate cotton breeding programs. our objectives were to identify simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers linked to rkn resistance quantitative trait loci (qtl) and map these markers to specific chromosomes. we developed three recombinant inbred line (ril ... | 2010 | 20607210 |
| effect of mowing cotton stalks and preventing plant re-growth on post-harvest reproduction of meloidogyne incognita. | the southern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) is a major parasite of cotton in the u.s., and management tactics for this nematode attempt to minimize population levels. we compared three post-harvest practices for their ability to reduce nematode population levels in the field, thereby reducing initial nematode population for the next year's crop. the three practices tested were: 1) chemical defoliation before harvest plus cutting cotton stalks after harvest, 2) chemical defoliation pl ... | 2010 | 22736845 |
| the multi-year effects of repeatedly growing cotton with moderate resistance to meloidogyne incognita. | meloidogyne incognita causes more damage to cotton in the us than any other pathogen. the objective of this study was to document the cumulative effect of moderate resistance on m. incognita population density, root galling, and yield suppression in the southern united states on a moderately resistant cotton genotype grown continuously for three years. cotton genotypes were phytogen ph98-3196 (77% suppression of m. incognita), acala nemx (85% suppression of m. incognita), and delta and pine land ... | 2009 | 22661787 |
| alternate row placement is ineffective for cultural control of meloidogyne incognita in cotton. | the objective of this study was to determine if planting cotton into the space between the previous year's rows reduces crop loss due to meloidogyne incognita compared to planting in the same row every year. row placement had a significant (p </= 0.05) effect on nematode population levels only on 8 july 2005. plots receiving 1,3-dichloropropene plus aldicarb had lower nematode population levels than non-fumigated plots on 24 may and 8 july in 2005, but not in 2004. the effect of nematicide treat ... | 2008 | 19440259 |
| analysis of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) root proteomes during a compatible interaction with the black root rot fungus thielaviopsis basicola. | a proteomic approach was used to uncover the inducible molecular defense mechanism of cotton root occurring during the compatible interaction with thielaviopsis basicola. microscopic observation of cotton root inoculated with a suspension of conidia showed that this necrotrophic hemibiotroph fungus interacts with the plant and completes its life cycle in our experimental system. 2-de analysis of root extracts taken after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days postinoculation and cluster analysis of the protein exp ... | 2009 | 19105169 |
| plant-herbivore-carnivore interactions in cotton, gossypium hirsutum: linking belowground and aboveground. | most studies on plant-herbivore interactions focus on either root or shoot herbivory in isolation, but above- and belowground herbivores may interact on a shared host plant. cotton (gossypium spp.) produces gossypol and a variety of other gossypol-like terpenoids that exhibit toxicity to a wide range of herbivores and pathogens. cotton plants also can emit herbivore-induced volatile compounds at the site of damage and systemically on all tissues above the site of damage. as these volatile compou ... | 2008 | 18709506 |
| qtl mapping for resistance to root-knot nematodes in the m-120 rnr upland cotton line (gossypium hirsutum l.) of the auburn 623 rnr source. | root-knot nematodes meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) can cause severe yield loss in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the objectives of this study were to determine the inheritance and genomic location of genes conferring root-knot nematode resistance in m-120 rnr, a highly resistant g. hirsutum line with the auburn 623 rnr source of resistance. utilizing two interspecific f(2) populations developed from the same m-120 rnr by gossypium barbadense (cv. pima s-6) cross, genome-wide scanning ... | 2006 | 16960714 |
| phenotypic expression of rkn1-mediated meloidogyne incognita resistance in gossypium hirsutum populations. | the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita is a damaging pest of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) worldwide. a major gene (rkn1) conferring resistance to m. incognita was previously identified on linkage group a03 in g. hirsutum cv. acala nemx. to determine the patterns of segregation and phenotypic expression of rkn1, f(1), f(2), f(2:3), bc(1)f(1) and f(2:7) recombinant inbred lines (ril) from intraspecific crosses between acala nemx and a closely related susceptible cultivar acala sj-2 were inocu ... | 2006 | 19259455 |
| reproduction of meloidogyne incognita on winter cover crops used in cotton production. | substantial reproduction of meloidogyne incognita on winter cover crops may lead to damaging populations in a subsequent cotton (gossypium hirsutum) crop. the amount of population increase during the winter depends on soil temperature and the host status of the cover crop. our objectives were to quantify m. incognita race 3 reproduction on rye (secale cereale) and several leguminous cover crops and to determine if these cover crops increase population densities of m. incognita and subsequent dam ... | 2006 | 19259434 |
| identification and mapping of microsatellite markers linked to a root-knot nematode resistance gene (rkn1) in acala nemx cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | host-plant resistance is the most economic and effective strategy for root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne incognita control in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). molecular markers linked to resistance are important for incorporating resistance genes into elite cultivars. to screen for microsatellite markers (ssr) closely linked to rkn resistance in g. hirsutum cv. acala nemx, f1, f2, bc1f1, and f2:7 recombinant inbred lines (rils) from intraspecific crosses and an f2 from an interspecific cross wi ... | 2006 | 16362274 |
| resistance gene analogue markers are mapped to homeologous chromosomes in cultivated tetraploid cotton. | degenerate primers designed from conserved motifs of known plant resistance gene products were used to amplify genomic dna sequences from the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) resistance genetic source, upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivar auburn 634 rnr. a total of 165 clones were isolated, and sequence analysis revealed 57 of the clones to be novel nucleotide sequences, many containing the resistance (r)-protein nucleotide-binding site motif. a cluster analysis was performed wi ... | 2005 | 15726317 |
| relationships between tolerance and resistance to meloidogyne incognita in cotton. | the southern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, is the most damaging pathogen of cotton in the united states, and both resistance and tolerance to m. incognita could be valuable management approaches. our objectives were to evaluate advanced cotton breeding lines for resistance and tolerance to m. incognita and to determine if a relationship between resistance and tolerance exists. reproduction of m. incognita was evaluated on 17 breeding lines, a susceptible control (delta and pine land ... | 2003 | 19262772 |
| effects of site-specific application of aldicarb on cotton in a meloidogyne incognita-infested field. | cotton farmers in missouri commonly apply a single rate of aldicarb throughout the field at planting to protect their crop from meloidogyne incognita, even though these nematodes are spatially aggregated. our purpose was to determine the effect of site-specific application of aldicarb on cotton production in a field infested with these nematodes in 1997 and 1998. cotton yields were collected from sites not treated with aldicarb (control), sites receiving aldicarb at the standard recommended rate ... | 2002 | 19265917 |
| root galling and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita isolates from texas on resistant cotton genotypes. | several cotton genotypes with resistance to meloidogyne incognita have been released in recent years. to estimate the durability of this resistance, galling severity on these resistant genotypes by m. incognita was measured. nematode isolates (115 total) were collected from cotton fields in 14 texas counties in august and september 1996 and 1997. four additional isolates from maryland, mississippi, and north carolina were also tested. the isolates were evaluated in 12 greenhouse experiments for ... | 2000 | 19271003 |
| comparison of variable and single-rate applications of aldicarb on cotton yield in fields infested with meloidogyne incognita. | variable-rate applications of the nematicide aldicarb were compared to producer standard rates in eight field tests over 3 years. test areas (308 to 1,015 m long) were divided into eight or five blocks. each block contained two plots with a variable-rate treatment (vrt) of aldicarb and a producer standard treatment (pst) of aldicarb. each vrt plot was divided into three subunits and intensively sampled for meloidogyne incognita in either the fall or spring before planting. rates of aldicarb were ... | 1999 | 19270939 |
| responses of cotton yield and meloidogyne incognita soil populations to soil applications of aldicarb and 1,3-d in florida. | in four tests conducted in loamy-sand soils in northern florida, cotton lint yield increased and post-harvest soil populations of meloidogyne incognita were more effectively suppressed by 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) than aldicarb when both nematicides were evaluated over a range of recommended rates. significant positive relationships existed between lint yield and rates of 1,3-d in three tests, whereas only one significant positive relationship occurred between lint yield and aldicarb rates. yi ... | 1998 | 19274259 |
| interaction between meloidogyne incognita and thielaviopsis basicola on cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | the effects of meloidogyne incognita and thielaviopsis basicola on the growth of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and the effects of t. basicola on m. incognita populations were evaluated in a 2-year study. microplots were infested with m. incognita, t. basicola, or a combination of m. incognita and t. basicola. uninfested plots served as controls both years. seedling survival was decreased by the m. incognita + t. basicola treatment compared to the control. meloidogyne incognita alone and m. incogni ... | 1998 | 19274234 |
| evaluation of nemx, a new cultivar of cotton with high resistance to meloidogyne incognita. | the level of resistance to root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, in nemx, a new cultivar of the acala-type upland cotton, was evaluated in relation to four resistant breeding lines (n6072, n8577, n901, and n903) and four susceptible cultivars (maxxa, sj2, royale, and prema). in growth pouch tests, an average of only 4 nematode egg masses was produced on roots of nemx or the resistant lines, compared to a significantly higher average of 21 on the susceptible cultivars. in pot tests, the nema ... | 1997 | 19274190 |
| influence of meloidogyne incognita on the water relations of cotton grown in microplots. | the effects of meloidogyne incognita on the growth and water relations of cotton were evaluated in a 2-year field study. microplots containing methyl bromide-fumigated fine sandy loam soil were infested with the nematode and planted to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). treatments included addition of nematodes alone, addition of nematodes plus the insecticide-nematicide aldicarb (1.7 kg/ha), and an untreated control. meloidogyne incognita population densities reached high levels in both treatments ... | 1995 | 19277313 |
| effects of 1,3-dicliloropropene for meloidogyne incognita management on cotton produced under furrow irrigation. | field trials were conducted during 1990 to evaluate the effects of preplant soil fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) on yield and fiber quality of furrow-irrigated cotton cultivars subjected to high population densities of meloidogyne incognita. we measured the responses of eight upland cotton cultivars with different levels of root-knot nematode resistance and compared the responses of upland and pima cottons. reductions in lint weight ranged from 10 to 52% among cultivars grown in soil ... | 1993 | 19279835 |
| interaction of meloidogyne incognita and water stress in two cotton cultivars. | a series of controlled-environment experiments were conducted to elucidate the effects of meloidogyne incognita on host physiology and plant-water relations of two cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivars that differed in their susceptibility to nematode infection. inoculation of m. incognita-resistant cultivar auburn 634 did not affect growth, stomatal resistance, or components of plant-water potential relative to uninoculated controls. however, nematode infection of the susceptible cultivar stone ... | 1991 | 19283156 |
| influence of environmental factors on the hatch and survival of meloidogyne incognita. | the influence of soil temperature and moisture on meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood was examined in relation to hatching and survival of second-stage juveniles (j2). nematodes were cultured on cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. acala sj2) under field conditions to provide populations similar to those found in the field in late autumn. egg masses were placed in a temperature range (9-12 c and 21 c), and hatch was measured over a period equivalent to 20 degree days > 10 c (dd10). ha ... | 1989 | 19287616 |
| progression of root-knot nematode symptoms and infection on resistant and susceptible cottons. | progressive development in cotton root morphology of resistant a623 and susceptible m-8 cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) lines following infection by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was studied in glass front boxes. symptom development and radicle growth were observed; degree of galling, gall and egg mass diameter, and number of eggs per egg mass were recorded; and root segments were examined histologically. small cracks caused by m. incognita appeared in the root epidermis and cortex ... | 1989 | 19287602 |
| comparative resistance of selected acala 1517 cotton cultivars to meloidogyne incognita race 3. | little information is available regarding the levels of meloidogyne incognita race 3 resistance in acala 1517 cotton cultivars compared with cultivars grown outside the southwestern united states. levels of m. incognita egg production were compared among commercial acala cultivars 1517-e2, 1517-sr1, 1517-75, 1517-77br, and sj-5, resistant and susceptible standards auburn 634 and m-8 and breeding lines acala 5701-w and n6072 grown for 45 days in the greenhouse. the acala 1517 cultivars all perfor ... | 1987 | 19290288 |
| penetration and postinfection development of meloidogyne incognita on cotton as affected by glomus intraradices and phosphorus. | the influence of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices (gi) and superphosphate (p) on penetration, development, and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita (mi) was studied on the mi-susceptible cotton cultivar stoneville 213 in an environmental chamber at 28 c. plants were inoculated with mi eggs at planting or after 28 days and destructively sampled 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after nematode inoculation. mi penetration after 7 days was similar in all treatments at either ino ... | 1986 | 19294207 |
| crop rotation and races of meloidogyne incognita in cotton root-knot management. | the influence o f various crop rotations and nematode inoculum levels on subsequent population densities of meloidogyne incognita races 1 and 3 were studied in microplots. ten different 3-year sequences o f cotton, corn, peanut, or soybean, all with cotton as the 3rd-year crop, were grown in microplots infested with each race. cotton monoculture, two seasons o f corn, or cotton followed by corn resulted in high race 3 population densities and severe root galling on cotton the 3rd year. peanut fo ... | 1984 | 19294030 |
| nematicides and nonconventional soil amendments in the management of root-knot nematode on cotton. | granular and liquid commercial humates, with micronutrients, and a microbial fermentation product were compared in several combinations with nematicides for their effects on cotton lint yield and root-knot nematode suppression. fumigant nematicides effectively reduced cotton root galling caused by root-knot nematodes, and cotton lint yields increased. organophosphates and carbamates were not effective. occasionally, cotton lint yields were increased or maintained with combination treatments o f ... | 1984 | 19295893 |
| parasitic variability of meloidogyne incognita populations on susceptible and resistant cotton. | root gall induction and egg production by the four recognized host races and two cytological races of meloidogyne incognita were compared on cotton gossypium hirsutum cvs. deltapine 16 (root-knot susceptible) and auburn 634 (highly resistant). the 12 nematode populations included in the study were from various parts of the world. no population increases occurred on the highly resistant cultivar. after 45 days, populations of host races 1 and 2 induced slight root galling on both cuhivars with on ... | 1983 | 19295806 |
| influence of soil temperature on meloidogyne incognita resistant and susceptible cotton, gossypium hirsutum. | the degree of resistance by a cotton plant to meloidogyne incognita is affected by soil temperature, particularly in moderately resistant cultivars, the total number of nematodes in the resistant and moderately resistant rools at 35 c was equal to, or greater than, the number in susceptible roots at 20, 25, or 30 c. a shift in numbers to developing and egg-bearing forms of nematodes in the susceptible cultivar as tentperature increased indicates development was affected by temperature rather tha ... | 1982 | 19295718 |
| granular nematicides as adjuncts to fumigants for control of cotton root-knot nematodes. | growth and yield of cotton were best with combinations of fumigants and organophosphate and carbamate nematicides. organophosphates or carbamates used alone did not give season-long control of root-knot nematodes. long-term control was poor because the temporary sublethal effects of these materials diminished soon enough lhat the nematodes could reproduce. the nematodes survived the treatments and a year of nonhost culture, and damaged a susceptible host crop 2 years after treatment. no such dam ... | 1979 | 19305548 |
| terpenoid aldehydes in cotton roots susceptible and resistant to the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | we investigated the role of terpenoid aldehydes in the resistance of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) to the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). three-day-old, root-knot-resistant ('auburn 623') and -susceptible ('deltapine 16') seedlings were inoculated with m. incognita. comparable portions of inoculated and noninoculated roots were harvested 2, 4, 7, and 10 days later. terpenoid aldehydes were extracted, separated by thin-layer chromatography, eluted as their phloroglucinol derivatives, an ... | 1977 | 19305600 |
| effects of soil texture on the interaction between rhizoctonia solani and meloidogyne incognita on cotton seedlings. | soils containing 60, 75, and 90% coarse particles (sand plus coarse silt) were prepared by dilution of a field soil with 246microm (60-mesh) silica sand. as the coarse-particle content of the soils increased, the synergistic interaction between meloidogyne incognita and rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings increased. increasing the coarse-particle content of the soil also increased damage from the nematode alone and slightly increased soreshin damage from r. solani alone. | 1975 | 19308162 |
| effects of soil temperatures and inoculum levels of meloidogyne incognita and rhizoctonia solani on seedling disease of cotton. | soreshin of cotton was more severe from combined infections of rhizoctonia solani and meloidogyne incognita than from either organism alone, when both critical soil temperature and inoculum concentrations were present. optimum soil temperatures for disease development from combined infections were 18 and 21 c. either 2,500 or 5,000 m. incognita larvae per plant, combined with r. solani, increased seedling disease severity over that caused by r. solani alone. when 100 or 500 larvae per plant were ... | 1975 | 19308161 |
| autoradiography of developing syncytia in cotton roots infected with meloidogyne incognita. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seedlings, uniformly infected with meloidogyne incognita, were exposed for periods of 1-15 days to a nutrient solution containing tritium-labelled thymidine. syncytium formation began with the amalgamation of cells near the nematode head, and was followed by synchronized mitoses of the nuclei which had been incorporated into a single cell. syncytial nuclei synthesized dna in roots harvested 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days after inoculation. seedlings transferred from unlabel ... | 1975 | 19308135 |
| post-infection development and histopathology of meloidogyne incognita in resistant cotton. | the numbers of meloidogyne incognita larvae which migrated from cotton roots declined over a 16-day period, but the difference in numbers migrating from resistant and susceptible cultivars was not significant. larvae penetrated susceptible roots, matured, and reproduced within 14 days following inoculation, whereas nematode development in the resistant roots was greatly retarded. three types of histological responses were observed in infected, resistant roots, and these correlated with the degre ... | 1974 | 19319359 |
| resistance of cotton to the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | cotton plants resistant to meloidogyne incognita had roots characterized by fewer and smaller galls, and females that produced fewer egg masses containing fewer eggs than did susceptible plants. many galls on resistant roots contained no nematodes at the time of examination. penetration of the resistant cultivar was equal to that of the susceptible cultivar and independent of the number of nematodes in the inoculum. fewer nematodes penetrated resistant or susceptible plants with eight leaves tha ... | 1974 | 19319358 |
| reaction of field-grown sericea lespedeza to selected meloidogyne spp. | five sericea lespedeza (lespedeza cuneata [dumont] g. don) breeding lines resistant to meloidogyne incognita, m. incognita acrita, and m. hapla as seedlings in greenhouse tests and two varieties were resistant to m. incognita acrita in field experiments. root-knot galling and larvae numbers were less for resistant entries than for the susceptible check when grown in root-knot infested field soil for three growing seasons. forage yields were as much as 57 times greater for resistant entries than ... | 1971 | 19322393 |
| hatching response of meloidogyne incognita acrita to electric shock. | the influence of electric shock on hatch of meloidogyne incognita acrita from egg masses taken from roots of 'acala sj-i' cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was studied. egg masses in tap water were individually placed between the tips of needle electrodes 1 mm apart and exposed to potentials of l, 10, 20, and 60 vdc/mm at 1, 1, 1, and 86 milliamperes dc, respectively, for periods of 2 and 60 seconds. hatched larvae were counted at five-day intervals for 60 days. of the eight treatment combinations ... | 1970 | 19322315 |
| re-evaluation of the inheritance for root-knot nematode resistance in the upland cotton germplasm line m-120 rnr revealed two epistatic qtls conferring resistance. | we report a second major qtl for root-knot nematode resistance in the highly resistant upland cotton line m-120rnr and show epistasis between two resistant qtls with different mechanisms conferring resistance. in an earlier study, we identified a major qtl on chromosome 11 associated with resistance to root-knot nematode in the m-120 rnr upland cotton line (gossypium hirsutum l.) of the auburn 623 rnr source. herein, we re-evaluated the genetics of the resistance to root-knot nematode in the m-1 ... | 2014 | 24728014 |
| clustering, haplotype diversity and locations of mic-3: a unique root-specific defense-related gene family in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | mic-3 is a recently identified gene family shown to exhibit increased root-specific expression following nematode infection of cotton plants that are resistant to root-knot nematode. here, we cloned and sequenced mic-3 genes from selected diploid and tetraploid cotton species to reveal sequence differences at the molecular level and identify chromosomal locations of mic-3 genes in gossypium species. detailed sequence analysis and phylogenetic clustering of mic-3 genes indicated the presence of m ... | 2010 | 19862497 |