| dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthetase in strains of streptococcus faecium resistant to pyrimethamine, chlorguanide triazine, trimethoprim, and amethopterin. | | 1972 | 5058682 |
| reversion of streptococcal protoplasts. | the reversion of protoplasts of streptococcus faecium was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. regularly shaped streptococci emerged from the narrow region of large, oval protoplasts. | 1972 | 5079076 |
| induction of the dihydrofolate reductase of streptococcus faecium var. durans by folic acid and by some of its derivatives. | | 1970 | 5309275 |
| folate reductase and specific dihydrofolate reductase activities of the amethopterin-sensitive streptococcus faecium var. durans. | preliminary evidence is presented that indicates that the dihydrofolate reductase activity of amethopterin-sensitive streptococcus faecium var. durans atcc 8043 is separable into two dihydrofolate reductases, one of which also reduces folate. | 1969 | 5344115 |
| differential lytic response of enterococci associated with addition order of lysozyme and anions. | suspensions of streptococcus faecium, prepared by washing with and resuspending in water, were lysed slowly if sodium chloride was added prior to lysozyme; however, if brief incubation with lysozyme was followed by addition of sodium chloride, lysis was immediate and extensive. relatively lysozyme-resistant strains of s. faecalis could be lysed readily by adding lysozyme first. the primary addition of lysozyme apparently resulted in a "sensitized" cell with a damaged wall, as evidenced by n-acet ... | 1969 | 5370273 |
| lack of murein in a formamide-insoluble fraction from the stable l-form of streptococcus faecium. | formamide-insoluble material was isolated from the l-form of streptococcus faecium strain f24, but this material was not murein. | 1970 | 5437725 |
| regulation and function of lactate oxidation in streptococcus faecium. | regulation of the synthesis and function of an l(+)-specific lactate-oxidizing enzyme system found in a homofermentative streptococcus was investigated. with the exception of fructose, aerobic growth at the expense of a variety of substrates resulted in the formation of a lactate oxidation system; anaerobic growth resulted in a marked reduction or complete loss of lactate-oxidizing activity. growth on fructose, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, invariably produced a decrease in the activit ... | 1968 | 5646625 |
| peptide stimulation of streptococcus faecium, a test organism for pyridoxal and pyridoxamine. | | 1968 | 5658102 |
| streptococcus faecium var. casselifavus, nov. var. | streptococcus faecium var. casseliflavus is a gram-positive, spherical cell. the cells occur chiefly as pairs within chains and elongate to ogive-shaped cells during growth. growth is good on 5% bile salts-agar and in broth at 10 c, and in broth adjusted to ph 9.6 or containing 6.5% nacl, but many strains fail to grow at 45 c. litmus is reduced rapidly prior to formation of an acid curd. few strains release ammonia from arginine or serine. the organism is not proteolytic and does not produce h(2 ... | 1968 | 5669887 |
| presence of conjugase activity in amethopterin-resistant streptococcus faecium. | | 1968 | 5669916 |
| dihydrofolate reductase of streptococcus faicium. ii. purification and some properties of two dihydrofolate reductases from the amethopterin-resistant mutant streptococcus faecium var. durans strain a. | | 1968 | 5687716 |
| separation of folic acid reductase from streptococcus faecium (atcc 8043). | a strain of streptococcus faecium (atcc 8043) which is highly resistant to the antifolic acid compound, amethopterin, was gently ruptured by exposing protoplasts of the organism to a hypotonic solution. the crude lysate resulting there-from was treated by various chemical and physical techniques designed to separate folic acid reductase from dihydrofolic acid reductase. in the process, the enzyme was purified approximately 160-fold; however, throughout the process, the enzyme preparation maintai ... | 1969 | 5776522 |
| folate reductase and specific dihydrofolate reductase of the amethopterin-sensitive streptococcus faecium var. durans. | | 1969 | 5781030 |
| alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase in streptococcus faecium f 24. | alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase, in a strain of streptococcus faecium, was found to be adaptive to aerated conditions of growth. the enzyme was purified and found to mediate electron transfer from alpha-glycerophosphate to o(2), with the production of stoichiometric concentrations of h(2)o(2) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. the enzyme is an anionic flavoprotein, with flavine adenine dinucleotide as the apparent prosthetic group. by manometric methods, a k(m) of 6 x 10(-3)m, with reference to subs ... | 1969 | 5788698 |
| strain variation within streptococcus faecium var. durans. | | 1966 | 5912931 |
| evidence of genetic transformation in streptococcus faecium var. durans (sf-o). | | 1967 | 6051354 |
| dodecylglycerol. a new type of antibacterial agent which stimulates autolysin activity in streptococcus faecium atcc 9790. | dodecylglycerol has a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 micrograms/ml compared to 9 micrograms/ml for monolaurin (dodecanoylglycerol) with streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 as the test organism. the greater potency of dodecylglycerol can be correlated to its greater retention by the cell. gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than gram-negative bacteria to dodecylglycerol. the antibacterial action of dodecylglycerol is not through the physical dissolution of cell walls, but rather as an ... | 1984 | 6145712 |
| the involvement of the proteinase of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 in the stimulation of its autolysin activity by dodecylglycerol. | treatment of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 with 3.5 micrograms/ml of dodecylglycerol produces a nonwall entity found in the 25,000 x g supernatant cell fraction which activates the autolysin activity of s. faecium. the stimulation of the autolysin activity by dodecylglycerol mimics the activation of the autolysin from a latent to an active form by trypsin and other proteolytic enzymes. this stimulation of autolytic activity by dodecylglycerol can be reversed by specific proteinase inhibitors. ... | 1984 | 6145713 |
| streptococcus faecium m 74 in control of diarrhoea induced by a human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain in an infant rabbit model. | streptococcus faecium strain m 74 was evaluated as a prophylacticum for enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) diarrhoea with human isolates of e. coli with cfa/i and cfa/ii surface fimbrial haemagglutinins (adhesins) in a rabbit model. young rabbits (3 to 4 days old) were given s. faecium organisms (5 x 10(9)) 15 min before (group a), 6 h before (group b) and 12 h after (group c) challenge with etec organisms. only 4 out of 26 rabbits in group a, 6 out of 21 in group b and 7 out of 23 in group ... | 1984 | 6148822 |
| analysis of initiation of sites of cell wall growth in streptococcus faecium during a nutritional shift. | three-dimensional reconstruction methods were applied to electron micrographs of streptococcus faecium to study the initiation of cell wall growth sites during a nutritional shift experiment. upon lowering the mass doubling time from 76 to 33 min by the addition of excess glutamate, the formation of new cell wall growth sites accelerated above the old steady-state rate at about the same time (10 to 15 min) as did mass, rna, protein, cell numbers, and autolytic capacity but considerably before dn ... | 1984 | 6150028 |
| association of rna with thymidylate synthase from methotrexate-resistant streptococcus faecium. | thymidylate synthase (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:dump c-methyltransferase, ec 2.1.1.45) from methotrexate-resistant streptococcus faecium has a uv absorbance peak at 259 nm and stains with acridine orange because of the presence of rna on the protein. material having an absorbance peak at 254 nm, obtained from the enzyme by phenol extraction, is degraded by treatment with pancreatic rnase, t1 rnase, and alkali but is stable to dnase. dowex-1 chromatography of the pure enzyme yields two polyn ... | 1983 | 6189121 |
| the atp-dependent ca2+-pumping system of streptococcus faecium. | | 1982 | 6220642 |
| [in vivo and in vitro activity of streptococcus faecium extract on herpes simplex virus]. | the effects of substance or substance extracted from str. faecium sf 68 on hsv-1 are evaluated. the "in vivo" assay show that bacterial extract introduced i.p. in mice simultaneously with hsv-1 brought about 100% of survival, but bacterial extract after virus challenge brought about complete mortality of mice. "in vitro" assays show that bacterial extract reduce significantly pfu number. it seemed that str. faecium extract affected the virus at the stage of adsorption on the host cells. | 1980 | 6258615 |
| conjugative r plasmids in streptococcus faecium (group d). | ten isolates of streptococcus faecium were found to be resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, macrolides and related drugs, streptomycin, and kanamycin, and four strains were resistant to chloramphenicol. six of these 10 strains transferred all their resistance markers (except penicillin) by conjugation at a low frequency (10(-7) to 10(-9)). several plasmids of different molecular weights were found in each of the wild-type strains. in 5 of 11 transconjugant strains, r plasmids were detected whi ... | 1982 | 6285813 |
| [experimental study on synergism between cefotaxime and ampicillin against streptococcus d group]. | cefotaxime (ctx) disks and ampicillin (abpc) disks exhibited synergism against 24 strains of streptococcus d group isolated from various sources in our hospital. we were interested in these synergism effects and compared them with the combination index. twenty-two out of the 24 strains examined exhibited synergism, and were identified as streptococcus faecalis by the api strep system. we divided them into 4 groups (combination index: 19, 15, 11, 9) according to the degree of synergism. another 2 ... | 1983 | 6302344 |
| the effect of feeding streptococcus faecium upon escherichia coli induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. | streptococcus faecium (sf) was fed to gnotobiotic pigs to control colibacillosis. three strains of escherichia coli (ec) were used. strain 0:k103,987p:nm of ec fed to pigs without sf developed severe diarrhea which persisted for several days. those pigs given sf and ec had less diarrhea, recovered earlier, and had better weight gains than ec only pigs. two other strains of ec (0157:k88ac:h19 and 08:k87,k88ab:h19) which were more virulent developed severe diarrhea and death in 5 of 8 pigs given e ... | 1983 | 6361858 |
| folate analogues. 21. synthesis and antifolate and antitumor activities of n10-(cyanomethyl)-5,8-dideazafolic acid. | a close analogue of the antileukemic agent 5,8-dideaza-n10 propargylfolic acid (2) was synthesized by replacing the propargyl moiety of 2 with a cyanomethyl group. this compound, n10-(cyanomethyl)-5,8-dideazafolic acid (3), was evaluated for its antifolate and antitumor activities in several biological test systems. alkylation of diethyl n-(4-aminobenzoyl)-l-glutamate with bromoacetonitrile gave diethyl n-[4-[(cyanomethyl)amino]benzoyl]-l-glutamate (7). reaction of 7 with 2 amino-6-(bromomethyl) ... | 1983 | 6403710 |
| [numerical classification of enterococci]. | the taxonomic analysis of enterococci by a mathematical method has revealed that these organisms are subdivided, according to their properties, into three taxons; of these, two taxons correspond to the species known as streptococcus faecalis and streptococcus faecium, while the third taxon, sharply different from the rest, comprises mobile enterococci which can be probably regarded as a separate species and differentiated from the other two species by a number of characteristics. | 1983 | 6404074 |
| cell wall assembly during inhibition of dna synthesis in streptococcus faecium. | growth sites which are bounded by raised wall bands can be observed in electron micrographs of replicas of streptococcus faecium. when mitomycin c was added to an exponential-phase culture doubling in mass every 64 min, dna synthesis was inhibited, and eventually cell division stopped. the growth sites formed before and after inhibition of dna synthesis enlarged until they contained about 0.25 micron3 of cell volume, at which point they ceased to increase in size. when these sites approached thi ... | 1983 | 6408063 |
| folate analogues. 22. synthesis and biological evaluation of two analogues of dihydrofolic acid possessing a 7,8-dihydro-8-oxapterin ring system. | two analogues of dihydrofolic acid possessing a 7,8-dihydro-8-oxapterin ring system have been synthesized and evaluated for their antifolate activities. these compounds, n-[(2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-8-oxa-6-pteridinyl)benzoyl]-l-glutamic acid (3) and n-[[(2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-8-oxa-6-pteridinyl) methyl]benzoyl]-l-glutamic acid (4), were synthesized by reacting the appropriately substituted alpha-halo ketones with 2,5-diamino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine (2). elaboration of p-carbomethox ... | 1983 | 6410065 |
| identification of a streptococcal penicillin-binding protein that reacts very slowly with penicillin. | penicillin-binding protein (pbp) 5 of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 has an unusually low affinity for penicillin (50% binding occurred at a penicillin level of 8 micrograms/ml after 60 min of incubation, and the protein only became labeled after 20 min of incubation with high concentrations of radioactive penicillin). pbps with similar properties are carried by strains of streptococcus durans, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus lactis but not by strains of groups a, b, c, and g streptoc ... | 1983 | 6411688 |
| molecular basis for the interaction of polyglutamates of folic acid and its analogs with dihydrofolate reductase. | fluorimetric titration has been used to measure the dissociation constants for the complexes of folate, pteroyltriglutamate and pteroylheptaglutamate with dihydrofolate reductase purified from lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecium (isoenzyme 2) and bovine liver. effects of ph, temperature, salt concentration and second ligands have been examined. the method is shown to be unsuitable for methotrexate complexes. the polyglutamates do not bind more tightly than folate to the s. faecium reducta ... | 1983 | 6412519 |
| medium-dependent zone size discrepancies associated with susceptibility testing of group d streptococci against various cephalosporins. | mueller-hinton (mh) agar media from various commercial sources, either supplemented or not supplemented with 5% sheep blood, were studied to determine their effect on disk diffusion susceptibility testing results obtained with 90 strains of group d streptococci and four cephalosporins. the cephalosporins investigated included cephalothin, cefamandole, moxalactam, and cefotaxime. results showed that a number of streptococcus faecalis and streptococcus faecium strains were susceptible to cephaloth ... | 1983 | 6415100 |
| protonated state of methotrexate, trimethoprim, and pyrimethamine bound to dihydrofolate reductase. | 13c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) of methotrexate, trimethoprim, and pyrimethamine enriched 90% with 13c at c2 has provided a sensitive means of detecting the state of protonation of the heterocyclic rings of these inhibitors. in each case, protonation of n1 causes an upfield movement of the chemical shift of c2 by more than 6 ppm. by this method it has been shown that, at ph values up to 9.2, methotrexate is bound to bovine liver dihydrofolate reductase with n1 of the inhibitor protonated, j ... | 1983 | 6416176 |
| division blocks in temperature-sensitive mutants of streptococcus faecium (s. faecalis atcc 9790). | two hundred nine temperature-sensitive growth or division (or both) mutants of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 were isolated. these strains were examined for timing of the division block in the cell division cycle. about 42% of the isolates were blocked at terminal stages of cell division. a second large group appeared to be blocked at various stages of septation. only five of the temperature-sensitive isolates were blocked at a stage before the completion of chromosome replication. thirty tempe ... | 1983 | 6417107 |
| acquisition of k:1-like antigen during terminal sepsis. | this report describes a patient whose own and transfused k:-1 red cell populations became strongly k:1 during a terminal episode of sepsis due to a group d streptococcus organism, streptococcus faecium. subsequent in vitro studies using normal k:-1 red cells inoculated with that organism showed that it could render the red cells agglutinable by reagents containing igg anti-k1. in addition, disrupted s. faecium organisms rendered jkb-negative red cells agglutinable by those reagents. | 1984 | 6420953 |
| rutin-induced beta-glucosidase activity in streptococcus faecium vgh-1 and streptococcus sp. strain frp-17 isolated from human feces: formation of the mutagen, quercetin, from rutin. | a fecal isolate, streptococcus sp. strain frp-17, and strain vgh-1 of streptococcus faecium were shown to contain beta-glucosidases which converted rutin (quercetin-3-o-beta-d-glucose-alpha-l-rhamnose) to quercetin and were active against o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucose. the activity against rutin could be measured by increased mutagenicity in the ames assay or visualized on thin-layer chromatography plates. in both organisms, the beta-glucosidase activities were inducible by the addition of rutin ... | 1984 | 6424566 |
| incubation temperature and faecal streptococci recovery from marine sediments. | a comparative work was carried out on two different incubation temperatures that may be used for faecal streptococci recovery. analyses were made on sediments samples collected in the bay of naples in a larger survey of environmental pollution detection. results showed a selective effect of 44 degrees c temperature on the isolation of the streptococcus faecalis, streptococcus faecium and streptococcus durans species that may be considered properly faecal streptococci. | 1984 | 6427553 |
| effect of oral administration of a variety of bacteria on depressed macrophage functions in tumour-bearing rats. | in consideration of the well documented influence of normal microbial flora on the level of activation of macrophages, we evaluated the effects of oral administration of bacteria on rats with depressed macrophage functions. an oral, killed polyvalent vaccine (diplococcus pneumoniae types i, ii and iii, streptococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae), the live lyophilized streptococcus faecium and spores of bacillus subtilis, respectively, were administered orally to ... | 1984 | 6433774 |
| dismutation of dihydrofolate by dihydrofolate reductase. | degradation of 7,8-dihydrofolate (h2folate) in the presence of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) has been shown due not to an oxygenase activity of the reductase as previously reported but to dismutation of h2folate to folate and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate (h4folate). the reaction can be followed spectrophotometrically or by analysis of the reaction mixture by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the products have also been isolated and characterized. oxygen uptake during the reaction is mu ... | 1984 | 6433972 |
| interaction of anti-kojibiose antibody with the lipoteichoic acids from streptococcus faecalis and streptococcus faecium. | antisera prepared in rabbits by immunization with p-aminophenyl beta-kojibioside conjugated to bovine serum albumin (antikojibiose sera), readily agglutinated whole cells of streptococcus faecalis or streptococcus faecium, and showed specific reactions with the lipoteichoic acids (ltas) of these streptococci by passive hemagglutination, microscale enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. the interaction of the antikojibiose sera with the ltas was inhibited best by ko ... | 1984 | 6434429 |
| species-specific irreversible inhibition of neisseria gonorrhoeae dihydrofolate reductase by a substituted 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidine. | neisseria gonorrhoeae dihydrofolate reductase undergoes a time-dependent, irreversible inactivation by 2,4-diamino-5-[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(p-bromoacetamidophenoxy)benzyl] pyrimidine. the kinetics of inactivation are consistent with the reversible formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex followed by covalent binding to the enzyme. the reversible component is competitive with dihydrofolate and has an inhibitor binding constant of 10 nm. irreversible inactivation proceeds as a pseudo first-order proces ... | 1984 | 6434542 |
| inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 and streptococcus mutans bht by the antibacterial agent dodecyl glycerol. | dodecyl glycerol inhibits the synthesis of the peptidoglycans of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 and streptococcus mutans bht. this metabolic regulation represents the second known mode by which dodecyl glycerol expresses antibacterial activity. the first mode of action of dodecyl glycerol was shown to stimulate autolysin activity which degrades cell-wall peptidoglycan (ved hs, gustow e, mahadevan v and pieringer ra, 1984, j. biol. chem. 259, 8115-8121). | 1984 | 6437455 |
| drug resistance in streptococcus faecalis, streptococcus faecium and staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from laboratory animals. | a total of 1,278 strains of streptococcus faecalis, 688 of str. faecium and 796 of staphylococcus epidermidis were collected from laboratory animals of 20 colonies in 1980, and tested for their resistance to 20 drugs. thirteen percent of str. faecalis, 12% of str. faecium and 25% of staph. epidermidis were drug resistant. multiple drug resistant organisms were frequently detected in laboratory animal colonies where antibiotic treatment had been undertaken. tc-resistant streptococci and em-resist ... | 1984 | 6437850 |
| division of temperature-sensitive streptococcus faecium mutants after return to the permissive temperature. | the regrowth of 27 temperature-sensitive division mutants of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 was examined after various periods of incubation at the nonpermissive temperature. several of the mutants blocked at various stages of septum formation or of daughter-cell separation divided in a partially or completely synchronous way after a short incubation at the nonpermissive temperature. all four lytic mutants blocked early in the cell division cycle divided at a normal rate after a brief lag. | 1984 | 6480560 |
| the mechanism of soluble peptidoglycan hydrolysis by an autolytic muramidase. a processive exodisaccharidase. | the action of purified n-acetylmuramoylhydrolase (muramidase, ec 3.2.1.17) of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 on linear, uncross-linked, soluble, peptidoglycan chains produced by the same organism in the presence of benzylpenicillin was characterized as a processive exodisaccharidase. specific labels, one [( 14c]gal) added to the nonreducing ends of chains, and the other (3h from [3h]nabh4) incorporated into the reducing ends of the chains, were used to establish that an enzyme molecule binds at ... | 1984 | 6480585 |
| heat injury and recovery of streptococcus faecium associated with the souring of chub-packed luncheon meat. | the presence of nacl in the heating medium provided some protection from lethal heat damage for cells of a streptococcus faecium strain isolated from luncheon meat whereas the presence of nano2 either alone or in addition to nacl, had no significant effect on cell survival. subsequent recovery and growth of heat-damaged cells was retarded by the presence of nacl. when nano2 was present in addition to nacl the inhibitory effect of the latter was reduced. these principal components of the luncheon ... | 1984 | 6501117 |
| streptococcus faecium outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. | an outbreak of bacteremia and meningitis in a neonatal intensive care unit is described. seven cases occurred in premature infants with severe underlying diseases. an epidemiological investigation failed to document the reservoir of the epidemic strain but suggested that its transmission among the infants was via the hands of hospital personnel. all patients had nasogastric tubes and multiple intravascular devices, and the portal of entry may have been either the gastrointestinal tract or the si ... | 1984 | 6520215 |
| detergent-resistant streptococcus faecium derivatives that display conditional penicillin lysis. | three spontaneous derivatives of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790, originally isolated as conditionally triton x-100 detergent-resistant at 25 degrees c, displayed normal penicillin-induced rates of lysis at 37 degrees c but substantially reduced rates of lysis and killing at 25 degrees c. the addition of exogenous unsaturated fatty acids at 25 degrees c restored wild-type penicillin lysis rates. | 1984 | 6565010 |
| bactericidal activity of five combinations of penicillin g with aminoglycosides against streptococcus faecium. | combinations of penicillin g and five aminoglycosides were tested against 7 strains of s. faecium. for all the strains that had a low-level of resistance to streptomycin, the combination of penicillin g with streptomycin was synergistic. penicillin combined with either kanamycin or netilmicin was ineffective against all strains. the combination of penicillin and amikacin was synergistic against only one of the aminoglycoside-susceptible strains and ineffective against all the other strains. peni ... | 1984 | 6569841 |
| rapid identification of enterococci. | a 4-h method was devised to differentiate the non-beta-hemolytic streptococci into three categories: enterococci, group d nonenterococci, and viridans streptococci. all of the streptococcus faecalis, 90% of the streptococcus faecium (enterococci), and 96% of the streptococcus bovis biotype i (group d nonenterococci) cultures were correctly identified by the 4-h method. the less commonly isolated group d cultures had lower rates of correct identification by this method. none of the viridans strep ... | 1983 | 6643675 |
| a note on the identity and properties of the spoilage microflora of chub-packed luncheon meat stored at ambient temperature. | the principal spoilage bacteria isolated from chub-packed luncheon meat stored at 25 degrees c have been identified as strains of bacillus licheniformis and streptococcus faecium. bacillus licheniformis alone is responsible for those degradative changes (surface softening and discolouration, gas production and eventual product liquefaction) regarded as overt product spoilage. streptococcus faecium metabolizes carbohydrate homofermentatively, and the resultant accumulation of lactic acid causes s ... | 1983 | 6652582 |
| the ineffectiveness of tobramycin combination therapy in streptococcus faecium endocarditis. | a patient required mitral valve replacement following ineffective antibiotic treatment of enterococcal endocarditis caused by streptococcus faecium. endocarditis had relapsed despite therapy with ampicillin and tobramycin for six weeks. a second relapse had occurred following treatment with penicillin and gentamicin. initial failure of antibiotic therapy may be related to the known lack of in vitro and in vivo synergy between penicillin and tobramycin against s. faecium. effective therapy of ent ... | 1983 | 6659563 |
| synthesis and antifolate properties of 10-alkyl-8,10-dideazaminopterins. | the synthesis of 10-alkyl analogues of the potent antitumor agent 8,10-dideazaminopterin is described. alkylation of appropriate alpha-alkyl homoterephthalate esters with 2,4-diamino-6-(bromomethyl)-8-deazapteridine afforded 10-alkyl-10-carboxy-4-amino-4-deoxy-8,10-dideazapteroic acid diesters. ester cleavage and decarboxylation at c-10 were accomplished by heating with sodium cyanide in me2so at 170-180 degrees c to afford the 2,4-diamino-10-alkyl-8,10-dideazapteroic acids. the acids were coupl ... | 1984 | 6699882 |
| isolation and characterization of soluble peptidoglycan from several strains of streptococcus faecium. | two phenotypically autolysis-deficient strains of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 were shown to produce high-molecular-weight, soluble, linear, uncross-linked peptidoglycan when incubated with benzylpenicillin in a wall medium which permits cell wall synthesis (wall thickening) but not balanced growth. this high-molecular-weight s-peptidoglycan was shown to have a molecular weight of 46,000 to 54,000, lack peptide cross-links, and be virtually devoid of accessory wall polymers. it was hydrolyzed ... | 1984 | 6746571 |
| hydrolysis of soluble, linear, un-cross-linked peptidoglycans by endogenous bacterial n-acetylmuramoylhydrolases. | soluble, linear, uncross-linked peptidoglycans, prepared from two autolysis-defective mutants of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 and from micrococcus leuteus, were used as substrates for studies of hydrolysis by an n-acetylmuramoylhydrolase (muramidase). the kinetics of hydrolysis of these substrates and the ability of the muramidases isolated from s. faecium atcc 9790 and from two autolysis-defective mutants, lyt-14 and aut-3, to carry out transglycosylation reactions were compared with the act ... | 1984 | 6746572 |
| a cell-free system for streptococcus faecium for studies on the biosynthesis of triterpenoid carotenoids. | a cell-free enzyme extract from streptococcus faecium unh 564p has been prepared. the extract incorporates either [2-14c]mevalonic acid (mva) or [1-14c]isopentenyl pyrophosphate (ipp) into squalene and the carotenoids of the bacterium. atp and manganese ion were found to be absolute requirements for mva incorporation by the extract. only manganese ion was found to be an absolute requirement for ipp incorporation by the extract. other cofactors including magnesium ion, glutathione, potassium fluo ... | 1982 | 6749265 |
| evaluation of a rapid system for species identification of alpha-hemolytic streptococci. | a new 4-h commercial system (api 20s; analytab products, plainview, n.y.) for the identification of streptococci was compared with the conventional biochemical profile method in the species identification of alpha-hemolytic streptococci. a total of 194 clinical isolates (including 74 isolated from blood cultures, 64 isolated from wound cultures, and 56 isolated from respiratory cultures) and 20 reference strains were tested. only 4 of the 20 reference strains were correctly identified to species ... | 1982 | 6752191 |
| effect of streptococcus faecium c-68 in control of escherichia coli-induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. | streptococcus faecium was fed to prevent colibacillosis in gnotobiotic pigs. three strains of escherichia coli were used. with strain o:k103, 987p:nm in pigs fed s faecium before the e coli challenge exposure, the pigs exhibited less severe diarrhea, recovered earlier, and produced better weight gains than did pigs given e coli only. escherichia coli strains o157:k88ac:h19 and o8:k87, k88ab:h19 were more virulent. pigs fed s faecium and challenge exposed with these 2 strains of e coli developed ... | 1982 | 6762120 |
| primary structure of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase. | the complete covalent structure of dihydrofolate reductase from chicken liver is described. the s-carboxymethylated protein was subjected to cleavage by cyanogen bromide which produced five fragments. fragment cb2 contained an internal homoserine residue which was not cleaved by cyanogen bromide. sequences and ordering of the cyanogen bromide fragments were established by means of automated sequencer analyses of the fragments and from smaller peptides generated by proteolysis with trypsin and st ... | 1980 | 6766736 |
| the biosynthesis of nascent membrane lipoteichoic acid of streptococcus faecium (s. faecalis atcc 9790) from phosphatidylkojibiosyl diacylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. | phosphatidylkojibiosyl diacylglycerol functions as the acceptor of sn-glycerol 1-phosphate moieties from phosphatidylglycerol in the in vitro synthesis of the membrane lipoteichoic acid of streptococcus faecium (s. faecalis atcc 9790). the enzyme catalyzing this polymer-forming reaction is membrane-bound. the majority of the product is water-soluble, is excluded from sepharose 6b, and, after longer incubations, changes to a form that co-precipitates with protein upon exposure to a denaturing age ... | 1980 | 6768734 |
| ornithine transcarbamylases. ordering of s-cyano peptides and location of characteristically reactive cysteinyl residues within the sequence. | the peptides produced by cleavage of the s-cyano derivatives of the ornithine transcarbamylases (ornithine carbamoyltransferase, 2.1.3.3) from bovine liver, streptococcus faecalis atcc 11,420, and streptococcus faecium atcc 8043 have been isolated and aligned. their amino acid compositions and cooh-terminal sequences are reported. the cooh-terminal peptide (51 residues in the bovine enzyme; 66 residues in the bacterial enzymes) contains the essential sulfhydryl group. | 1980 | 6771285 |
| survival of faecal streptococci in raw and pasteurised egg products. | 1. the ability of streptococcus faecalis and streptococcus faecium strains to survive in egg albumen and liquid whole egg before and after laboratory pasteurisation was studied. 2. pasteurisation of egg albumen caused a decrease in viable cells of less than 10-fold, while pasteurisation of whole egg caused decreases of more than 100-fold in only two of the eight strains studied. after growth in whole egg, some strains were more resistant to pasteurisation in whole egg. 3. strep. faecalis multipl ... | 1980 | 6772285 |
| [reducing activity and differential thermal analysis of enterococci]. | the reducing activity of 100 streptococcus faecalis strains, 100 streptococcus faecium strains and 100 enterococcal strains were studied by the quantitative method. the study revealed that all mobile enterococci, in contrast to s. faecium, reduce 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride with the formation of triphenylformasan. differential thermal analysis also indicated that s. faecalis, s. faecium and mobile enterococci had thermograms with definite mathematical characteristics and could be best di ... | 1980 | 6778026 |
| turbidimetric assay for virginiamycin in feeds and premixes. | a turbidimetric assay method applicable to virginiamycin at level ranging from 5 g/ton in feeds to 50% in a premix is described. incubation period is 4 h. test organism is streptococcus faecium atcc 8043. on 6 levels of feed-grade material, the overall mean recovery was 6.75% standard recovery studies resulted in rsd values ranging from 2.01 to 3.88% and a mean standard recovery of 100%. | 1981 | 6785271 |
| microbiological properties of streptococcus faecium sf 68 strain and its relationships with other microorganisms. | | 1980 | 6786302 |
| [studies on the usefulness of different disinfectants for the aerosol disinfection of surfaces (author's transl)]. | in a glove-box made of stainless steel germ-carriers of lime-wood and aluminium were layed out after having been contaminated with different vegetative bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis). disinfectant aerosols of several germicidal substances belonging to different chemical groups were brought into the glove-box. the aerosol was produced by a commercial generator. the following substances proved to have a good disinfectant effect un ... | 1981 | 6792816 |
| susceptibility of enterococci and listeria monocytogenes to n-formimidoyl thienamycin alone and in combination with an aminoglycoside. | the susceptibilities of 12 strains of enterococci and 10 stains of listeria monocytogenes to n-formimidoyl thienamycin were determined by a standard broth dilution method. minimal inhibitory concentrations for l. monocytogenes strains were less than 0.25 micrograms/ml. as a group, strains of streptococcus faecium were less susceptible than streptococcus faecalis strains, but even for the latter, the minimal inhibitory concentrations were slightly greater than those previously reported. minimal b ... | 1981 | 6794445 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance study of dihydrofolate reductase labeled with [gamma-13c]tryptophan. | dihydrofolate reductase isozyme 2 of streptococcus faecium has been labeled with 13c in the c gamma position of tryptophan residues by growing the organism on a defined medium containing l-[gamma-13c]tryptophan (90% 13c). the 13c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectrum of the enzyme shows four well-resolved resonances which have nuclear overhauser enhancements of 1.1-1.3. values of t1 (spin-lattice relaxation time) and t2 (spin-spin relaxation time) are significantly less than predicted for an ... | 1981 | 6796111 |
| mode of antibiotic action of 4-hydroxy-3-nitrosobenzaldehyde from streptomyces viridans. | the free ligand, deferroviridomycin a, and its iron(ii) complex, viridomycin a, were detected in culture supernatant fluids of streptomyces viridans 1671 and were structurally characterized as 4-hydroxy-3-nitrosobenzaldehyde and tris(4-hydroxy-3-nitrosobenzaldehydato-n3,o4)ferrate(ii), respectively. we investigated the antibiotic activity of the above compounds and of the chemically synthesized bis copper(ii), tris cobalt(iii), and tris nickel(ii) complexes against escherichia coli nihj, salmone ... | 1981 | 6805420 |
| the role of surface stress in the morphology of microbes. | the shapes of many prokaryotes can be understood by the assumption that the cell wall expands in response to tension created by the osmotically derived hydrostatic pressure. different organisms have different shapes because wall growth takes place in different regions. a previous paper (koch et al., 1981 a) considered the simplest case of prokaryotic growth, i.e. that of streptococcus faecium. in the present paper, an elaboration of this theory is applied to two further cases - the more perfectl ... | 1982 | 6809889 |
| resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin antibiotics in enterococci from the intestines of animals. | macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin group b (mls) resistant strains were found among enterococci isolated from caeca of poultry, pigs and cattle. the percentage of mls resistance among the poultry strains was 70 per cent. the streptococcus faecium strains were more susceptible than the other enterococcal strains to virginiamycin, a member of the streptogramin class of antibiotics. this was due to higher susceptibility of the s faecium strains to the virginiamycin component m which belongs to the ... | 1982 | 6813931 |
| folate analogues. 20. synthesis and antifolate activity of 1',2',3',4',5',6'-hexahydrohomofolic acid. | the synthesis of 1',2',3',4',5',6'-hexahydrohomofolic acid (3), a close analogue of homofolic acid (2), has been carried out by replacement of the benzene ring of 2 with a cyclohexane ring. the synthetic methods employed here were based on the boon-leigh strategy to obtain products with unambiguous structures. based on a number of chemical and spectral observations, a tentative cis stereochemistry was assigned to the 1,4-substituents of the cyclohexane ring of both the homopteroate analogue 13 a ... | 1983 | 6827531 |
| the effect of dietary penicillin on the growth of gnotobiotic chickens monoassociated with streptococcus faecium. | | 1983 | 6831273 |
| initiation of wall assembly sites in streptococcus faecium. | in electron micrographs of replicas of streptococcus faecium, sites of wall growth are located between pairs of raised equatorial bands. analysis of cells taken from cultures with mass doubling times between 30 and 125 min indicates that rounds of wall synthesis are initiated at a time close to division, which is temporally unrelated to the initiation or termination of chromosome replication. growth sites are initiated at a relatively constant volume independent of growth rate when the volume co ... | 1983 | 6841311 |
| streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 penicillin-binding proteins and penicillin sensitivity are heavily influenced by growth conditions: proposal for an indirect mechanism of growth inhibition by beta-lactams. | the effects of variations in growth conditions on the penicillin response of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 were studied. changes in the growth temperature and medium composition were found to cause striking changes in the bacterial generation time, cellular penicillin sensitivity (minimum inhibitory concentration), sensitivity of peptidoglycan synthesis to inhibition by penicillin, rate of autolysis, and labeling pattern of penicillin-binding proteins. however, no constant relationship between ... | 1983 | 6841320 |
| increased carbohydrate substitution of lipoteichoic acid during inhibition of protein synthesis. | decreases in electrophoretic mobilities of intracellular lipoteichoic acid, intracellular deacylated lipoteichoic acid, and extracellular deacylated lipoteichoic acid were observed during inhibition of protein synthesis in streptococcus faecium after exposure to chloramphenicol or valine deprivation. increased carbohydrate content, and thus an increased mass-to-charge ratio, rather than changes in ester alanine content or novel fatty acid substitutions, appeared to account for the decreased elec ... | 1983 | 6863217 |
| purification and some properties of the endogenous, autolytic n-acetylmuramoylhydrolase of streptococcus faecium, a bacterial glycoenzyme. | the latent form of the endogenous, autolytic n-acetylmuramoylhydrolase of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 was purified to near homogeneity by affinity chromatography on concanavalin a-sepharose 4b. the latent enzyme had mr approximately 130,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis. upon proteinase treatment (trypsin or endogenous proteinase), the latent form is converted to an active form mr approximately 87,000. the enzyme was shown to be glycoprotein, containing monomeric and oligomer ... | 1983 | 6874701 |
| resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in streptococcus faecium. | clinical isolates of streptococcus faecium are characteristically resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. two strains, selected for hypersusceptibility to penicillin, were derived from normally resistant isolates treated with novobiocin. these strains were also found to be hypersusceptible to other beta-lactams. differences in beta-lactam susceptibility between the original isolates and the hypersusceptible strains could not be attributed to alterations in penicillin-binding protein affinities, an ... | 1982 | 6927638 |
| new synthesis of n-[4-[[(2-amino-4(3h)-oxopyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-l-glutamic acid (8-deazafolic acid) and the preparation of some 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro derivatives. | previously, 8-deazafolic acid (17) was shown to be a potent inhibitor of the folate-dependent bacteria, streptococcus faecium (atcc 8043) and lactobacillus casei (atcc 7469), and to have activity against lymphoid leukemia l1210 in mice. to examine the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro derivatives, a new synthesis of 17 was developed from 8-deaza-2,4-dichloro-6-methylpteridine. treatment of the latter with aqueous base gave the corresponding pteridin-4(3h)-one, which was aminated with ammonia to give 8-deaza-6- ... | 1981 | 6948961 |
| [studies on the likelihood of growth of streptococcus faecium following thermal treatment in meat suspensions (author's transl)]. | a number of strains of enterococci was isolated from pasteurized meat products. two variants of streptococcus faecium (e1 and e20) took part in the present study. using these organisms, heating tests in suspensions of pork (sealed plastic pouches) were performed. mixtures of ingredients ('preparation of cooked ham') were added in the majority of experiments. dextrose was replaced by sorbitol in one experiment, by glycyrrhizin in another. following thermal treatment at 68.9 degrees c (various hea ... | 1980 | 7003809 |
| effect of solar radiation and predacious microorganisms on survival of fecal and other bacteria. | the effect of solar radiation and predacious microorganisms on the survival of bacteria of fecal and plant origin was studied. the decline in the numbers of escherichia coli cells in estuarine water samples was found to be significantly greater in the presence of both naturally occurring microbial predators and solar radiation than when each of these factors was acting independently. the effect of solar radiation on microbial predators was negligible, whereas the susceptibility of bacteria to li ... | 1981 | 7020590 |
| inexpensive treatment of frozen dairy products for membrane filtration. | treatment of frozen dairy products with trypsin and tween 80 before membrane filtration for microbiological analysis was faster and cost less than treatment with streptomyces griseus protease-tween 80. viable cell counts so escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecium, and salmonella typhimurium were not reduced. | 1982 | 7036901 |
| lipoteichoic acid, a major amphiphile of gram-positive bacteria that is not readily extractable. | commonly used procedures effected the extraction of only 10% of the lipoteichoic acid of stationary-phase cells of staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecium, unless the cells were first disrupted. | 1982 | 7054150 |
| bile acid transformation by the intestinal flora and cholesterol saturation in bile. effects of streptococcus faecium administration. | in 8 normal subjects the daily administration for 30 days of at least 750 x 10(6) streptococcus faecium, a bacteria producing substances acting against clostridia and other intestinal microorganisms reduced the cholesterol saturation and the molar percentage of deoxycholic acid (dca) in bile. the percentage of cholic acid (ca) and chenodeoxycholic acid (dca) increased significantly in feces, whereas lithocholic acid (lca) decreased from 49.2 to 40.5%. in vitro fecal samples of subjects taking s. ... | 1982 | 7095315 |
| the biosynthesis of triterpenoid carotenoids in streptococcus faecium unh 564p. | cell-free enzyme preparations from streptococcus faecium unh 564p and phycomyces blakesleeanus strain c5-car10(-) were used to study the incorporation of [14c]isopentenyl pyrophosphate and either all-trans-[4,8,12-3h]farnesyl pyrophosphate (fpp) or all-trans--[4,8,12,16-3h]geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (ggpp) into squalene and the carotenoids of the organisms. it was found that the triterpenoid (c30) carotenoids of s. faecium are formed by condensation of two molecules of fpp similar to squalene ... | 1982 | 7116207 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance study of interaction of ligands with streptococcus faecium dihydrofolate reductase labeled with [gamma-13c]tryptophan. | | 1982 | 7126550 |
| susceptibility of fecal streptococci of poultry origin to nine growth-promoting agents. | the minimal inhibitory concentrations of nine growth-promoting agents were determined by an agar-dilution method against 66 bile-tolerant streptococcal (8 streptococcus faecalis, 23 streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens, 15 streptococcus faecium, and 20 carboxyphilic streptococci) strains isolated from the ceca of 52 chickens on 19 farms. avoparcin was equally active on all groups. the natural susceptibilities against the other substances differed among the groups studied. bacitracin and vi ... | 1982 | 7149716 |
| [treatment of acute diarrhea in pediatrics with streptococcus faecium: results of a double blind study]. | | 1982 | 7163985 |
| inhibition of clostridium difficile by faecal streptococci. | the inhibitory activity of seven strains of faecal streptococci against 34 strains of clostridium difficile was examined in vitro after growth of the streptococci for 24 and 48 h. all strains of c. difficile were inhibited at 48 h but at 24 h the inhibition was variable. streptococcus faecium, a group d streptococcus and an ungroupable streptococcus exhibited the most striking inhibitory activity. lowering of ph of the medium occurred at the site of inhibition, but the ph change alone did not ex ... | 1982 | 7175918 |
| polyclonal lymphocyte activators: adjuvant activity of a crude extract of streptococcus faecium. | a crude extract of streptococcus faecium, prepared according to krämer and bradis method, was utilized to further extend our previous research on polyclonal lymphocyte activators. experiments were performed using jerne's pfc method on 12 week-old c3h/fej mice immunized with sheep red blood cells to study the adjuvant activity of the crude extract by varying its dose, times of administration, and administration route (intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous). the extract, containing cell membr ... | 1982 | 7187352 |
| ecology of streptococcus faecium bacteriophage in chicken gut. | the interaction in the chick gut between streptococcus faecium and its phage was examined. in conventional chicks, large numbers of s. faecium and phage were found in the cecum and smaller numbers were found in the anterior gut. in gnotobiotic chicks associated with s. faecium sy1 and its phage, there was no marked effect on bacterial numbers, but resistance to the phage rapidly developed. depression of chick growth caused by s. faecium strain sy1 was partially reversed by its phage. | 1980 | 7190368 |
| mode of elongation of the glycerol phosphate polymer of membrane lipoteichoic acid of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790. | specific degradation of membrane lipoteichoic acid of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 by a phosphodiesterase from aspergillus niger and by periodate oxidation has demonstrated that the enzymatic synthesis of the glycerol phosphate polymer of the molecule occurs by an external elongation system. evidence of this type of mechanism was obtained with lipoteichoic acid synthesized in vivo or in vitro by differential radioisotope labeling techniques. the glycerol phosphate repeating units were transfe ... | 1981 | 7240097 |
| attachment of streptococcus faecium, to the duodenal epithelium of the chicken and its importance in colonization of the small intestine. | the counts of streptococcus faecium sy1 in the duodenums of gnotobiotic chicks exceeded the counts in their crops, indicating that multiplication was occurring in the anterior small intestine. this growth was related to adhesion to the gut wall which could be demonstrated by viable counts of macerated washed duodenal tissue. scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that adhesion occurred in restricted areas on the surface of the villus, and transmission studies showed the presence of a thick ex ... | 1981 | 7247397 |
| the gut microflora and the uptake of glucose from the small intestine of the chick. | 1. chicks whose growth rate had been depressed either by a fully conventional flora or by association with a bile acid deconjugating strain of streptococcus faecium and/or a filterable agent from chicken droppings showed no significant reduction in uptake of 3-0-methyl-alpha-d-glucopyranose compared with germ-free birds. 2. association with a microflora increased the weight of the gut per unit length. | 1981 | 7260707 |
| correlation of growth depression of chicks with the presence of streptococcus faecium in the gut. | | 1981 | 7275868 |
| carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance study of protonation of methotrexate and aminopterin bound to dihydrofolate reductase. | methotrexate, aminopterin, and folate have been synthesized with 90% enrichment of c-2 with 13c. 13c nuclear magnetic resonance has been used to examine the state of protonation of the pteridine ring of these compounds under various conditions and gives much more clear-cut results than most other methods. for the free compounds the following pk values were obtained: methotrexate, 5.73 +/- 0.02 (n-1); aminopterin, 5.70 +/- 0.03 (n-1); folic acid, 2.40 (n-1) and 8.25 +/- 0.05 (n-3, o-4 amide group ... | 1981 | 7284303 |
| chemical mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by dihydrofolate reductase from streptococcus faecium: ph studies and chemical modification. | the variation with ph of the kinetic parameters associated with dihydrofolate reductase from streptococcus faecium has been used to gain information about the chemical mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. the ph dependence of log v/k for dihydrofolate showed that a group with a pk value of 4.7 must be ionized and that a group with a pk value of 6.6 must be protonated for activity. temperature and solvent perturbation studies indicate that these groups are probably the carboxyls of ... | 1981 | 7306491 |
| surface tension-like forces determine bacterial shapes: streptococcus faecium. | the same tendency that causes soap bubbles to achieve a minimum surface area for the volume enclosed seems to account for many of the features of growth and division of bacteria, including both bacilli and cocci. it is only necessary to assume that growth takes place in zones and that only in these zones does the tension caused by hydrostatic pressure create the strain that forces the cell to increase the wall area. the stress developed by osmotic pressure creates strains that significantly lowe ... | 1981 | 7320694 |
| chromatographic purification from streptococcus faecium extract of a factor active on picornaviridae. | "in vitro" antiviral activity against picornaviridae and the trials for purification from str. faecium extract of a factor responsible of these effects are reported. fractionation on bio-gel p-150 and on deae-cellulose column and analytical methods for protein and aminosugars were used. present results demonstrate an antiviral activity of str. faecium extract against picornaviridae. virus inhibiting activity is not correlated with the majority of the folin reacting proteins, which are present in ... | 1981 | 7326116 |