| microbiology of deep tissue in diabetic gangrene. | information on the incidence and nature of the causative organisms in the infected tissues of patients with diabetic gangrene is scanty. studies in which material for culture was obtained from the presenting lesion reveal multiple organisms in host isolates. no data are available regarding the bacterial flora of the deep infected tissue itself, uncontaminated by surface organisms. in this investigation 58 specimens from 52 patients were obtained utilizing aerobic and anaerobic culture techniques ... | 1978 | 720182 |
| comparison of the in vitro activities of hr756 with cephalothin, cefoxitin, and cefamandole. | the in vitro activity of hr756, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, was compared with the activities of cephalothin, cefoxitin, and cefamandole against 1,535 isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. hr756 was less active than cephalothin and cefamandole and twofold more active than cefoxitin against staphylococcus. all four of the antibiotics were inactive against the enterococcus group of streptococcus; however, hr756 was the most active antibiotic against the other isolates of stre ... | 1978 | 742875 |
| [enterocin typing of enterococci]. | the author worked out a method of enterocinotyping on enterococci. a possibility of enterococcus typing by means of a set of enterocinogenic enterococcus strains was shown. a mobile enterococcus 4 (10 p) strain, possessing a high antagonistic activity, is suggested for enterococcus identification. differentiation of enterococcus species by the enterocine sensitivity proved to be impossible. | 1978 | 747016 |
| [sanitary-index significance of enterococci in the study of household articles]. | a total of 670 washings from various household articles were studied in creches and kindergartens for fecal contamination with the aid of two bacteriological tests (coli and enterococal titres); the degree of their contamination with enterococci and e. coli differed. strongly contaminated objects (diapers, swaddling tables) were revealed with equal frequency by both tests, but objects assessed as moderately contaminated were more frequently revealed by the enterococcus test (p less than 0.05) th ... | 1976 | 773055 |
| synthesis and microbiological activities of some monohalogenated analogs of tyrosine. | 2-chlorotyrosine and 2-bromotyrosine, as well as the previously reported 2-fluorotyrosine, were synthesized by hydrolysis of the condensation products from the appropriate benzyl bromide and ethyl acetamidomalonate and were compared with the corresponding 3-halotyrosines as growth inhibitors of escherichia coli 9723, streptococcus faecalis 8043 and lactobacillus plantarum 8014. in contrast to the 2- and 3-fluorotyrosines which were equally effective as growth inhibitors, the 2-chloro- and 2-brom ... | 1975 | 803244 |
| degradation of n-nitrosamines by intestinal bacteria. | a major proportion of bacterial types, common in the gastrointestinal tract of many animals and man, were active in degrading diphenylnitrosamine and dimethylnitrosamine, the former being degraded more rapidly than the latter. at low nitrosamine concentrations (is less than 0.05 micronmol/ml), approximately 55% of added diphenylnitrosamine, 30% of n-nitrosopyrrolidine, and 4% of dimethylnitrosamine were degraded. the route of nitrosamine metabolism by bacteria appears to be different from that p ... | 1975 | 803287 |
| stopcock contamination in an icu. | | 1975 | 803350 |
| [clinical experience with the preparation hylacombun in gastroenterology (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 803416 |
| serum folates in man. | in an aseptic microbiological assay of folate compounds and their breakdown compounds, using lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecalis, and pediococcus cerevisiae, 4a-hydroxy-5methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrofolate and 5-methyl-5,8-dihydrofolate were inactive under all conditions to all three organisms and 5-methyl-5,6-dihydrofolate was inactive unless ascorbate was present in the incubation medium, and then only to l. casei. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate was active only for l. casei, and activity in puri ... | 1977 | 405403 |
| equine anti-hapten antibody. ix. igm anti-lactose antibodies. | the immune response to a bacterial vaccine of streptococcus faecalis (strain n) was characterized in all of the seven horses studied by the sustained production of about 90% igm anti-lactose antibody over a period of 44 weeks with maximum values of the total antibody ranging from 4 mg/ml of serum to 12 mg/ml of serum. with respect to the binding of a lactose-containing ligand the association constants of the antibodies purified from sera obtained between 5 and 44 weeks fell in the range of 1 tim ... | 1975 | 803530 |
| chemotherapy of experimental streptococcal endocarditis. vi. prevention of enterococcal endocarditis. | | 1977 | 406336 |
| the role of vaginal colonization with enterobacteriaceae in recurrent urinary infections. | quantitative cultures of the vaginal introitus for enterobacteriaceae, s. faecalis and p. aeruginosa were compared in 20 premenopausal normal women (200 cultures) to 198 consecutive cultures from 9 premenopausal women in between episodes of bacteriuria. introital colonization in patients susceptible to urinary infections was significantly higher for e. coli (p equals 0.001), s. faecalis (p equals 0.001) and for the presence of any gram-negative pathogens (p equals less than 0.001). in addition, ... | 1975 | 803573 |
| influence of environmental stress on enumeration of indicator bacteria from natural waters. | the problems associated with recovery of pure cultures of escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis from stream environments were examined utilizing membrane filter chambers. it was observed that upon exposure to the aquatic environment a significant proportion of cells lost their ability to produce colonies on a selective medium, yet retained this capability on a nutritionally rich, nonselective medium. discrepancies in colony-forming units between nonselective and selective media indicated t ... | 1975 | 803815 |
| pteroylglutamic acid malabsorption in tropical sprue. | pteroylglutamic acid (pga) absorption was assessed in ten untreated tropical sprue (ts) and eight control subjects utilizing a marker perfusion technique. physiologic concentrations of the vitamin (25 ng/ml) dissolved in iso-osmotic solutions containing either mannitol of glucose at a concentration of 55.6 mm were perfused on each subject on two consecutive days. a statistically significant difference in pga absorption between ts and control subjects was obtained only when glucose was present in ... | 1975 | 803848 |
| a fluorescent antibody technique for the enumeration of faecal streptococci in water. | | 1975 | 803941 |
| the use of microcalorimetry for bacterial classification. | | 1975 | 803943 |
| detection and microbiologic assays of antimetabolites. | the biochemical considerations applicable in the detection of new antimetabolites are very similar to those used in developing microbiologic assays for these drugs. an in vitro system for detection of antimetabolites was developed based on different sensitivities to such drugs of bacteria cultivated in complex versus completely synthetic media. a number of new antimetabolites of amino acids, vitamins, and purines or pyrimidines were isolated and microbiologic assays for these drugs were develope ... | 1977 | 406992 |
| the effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. iii. bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances. | the lysis of 14c-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. while staphylococcus albus, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. group a streptococcus, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. the lytic activity of leuk ... | 1975 | 804017 |
| hemiacetal bond-formation during periodate oxidation of a heteroglycan of d-glucose and d-galactose. | | 1977 | 199351 |
| distribution of indigenous bacteria in the digestive tract of conventional and gnotobiotic rats. | the localization and population levels of the indigenous bacterial flora of conventional rats were investigated by cultural and histological techniques. lactobacilli predominate in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine and associate with keratinized cells of the nonglandular portion of stomach. mixtures of varying complexity of pure cultures of indigenous bacteria were inoculated into germfree rats. the distribution of these bacteria was examined to investigate the effect of lactobac ... | 1975 | 804450 |
| structure-activity correlations among rifamycin b amides and hydrazides. | structure-antibacterial activity correlation equations have been developed for aseries of 44 amides and 25 hydrazides of rifamycin b in five bacterial systems. the best amide equations show that activity is a parabolic function of log p. a wide variation in log po was found for the various bacterial systems. the most important correlation parameter in the hydrazide equations is omicron*. the significance of this finding is somewhat obscured by the high degree of collinearity among the parameters ... | 1975 | 804555 |
| biosynthesis of ribosylthymine in the transfer rna of streptococcus faecalis: a folate-dependent methylation not involving s-adenosylmethionine. | ribosylthymine is not present in trna of streptococcus faecalis grown in the absence of folic acid, although this methylated residue does occur in the trna of this organism when it is grown in the presence of folate. we have found that, unlike other methylated residues in rna of s. faecalis and other organisms, the methyl moiety of ribosylthymine of the trna of folate-sufficient s. faecalis is not derived from s-adenosylmethionine. preliminary evidence suggests that a folate derivative serves as ... | 1975 | 804695 |
| [biochemistry and genetics of organic acid transport in bacteria]. | | 1975 | 804772 |
| antibody response to avian mycoplasmas. | | 1975 | 804836 |
| effects of cadmium on the growth and uptake of cadmium by microorganisms. | six species of microorganisms, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, lactobacillus acidophilus, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis and actinomyces niger, were grown under suitable conditions in appropriate media. cadmium chloride was added to provide 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mug of cd per ml. at 40 and 80 mug of cd per ml, e. coli and b. cereus grew well and the other species were repressed. cd uptake patterns differed significantly among the species tested. the significance of these dat ... | 1975 | 804857 |
| studies of folic acid compounds in nature. iv. folic acid compounds in soybeans and cow milk. | folate compounds in soybean and cow's mild were identified by sephadex chromatography and differential microbiological assaymsoybean contained mainly monoglutamates (ca. 52%), some diglutamates (ca. 16%), and polyglutamates (pentaglutamates representing the major portion). 5-cho-h4pteglun(1-6) constituted 65-70% of total folate activity; cow's milk contained monoglutamates (60%) and polyglutamates (ranging from di- to hepta-conjugates). in contrast to soybean, 90-95% of milk folate was in the 5- ... | 1975 | 804977 |
| qualitative assessment of midstream urine cultures in the detection of bacteriuria. | 3550 women attending cervical smear and family planning clinics have been screened for bacteriria. suprapubic aspiration of urine was carried out in 131 patients from whom two consecutive midstream urine specimens contained either a pure growth of gram positive cocci or a growth in which gram negative bacilli predominated. 95 patients were found to have bacteriuria; in 93 the urine was infected with a gram negative organism. of 53 patients with a count of more than 10-5 gram negative organisms p ... | 1975 | 805012 |
| superoxide dismutase and oxygen metabolism in streptococcus faecalis and comparisons with other organisms. | streptococcus faecalis contains a single superoxide dismutase that has been purified to homogeneity with a 55% yield. this enzyme has a molecular weight of 45,000 and is composed of two subunits of equal size. it contains 1.3 atoms of manganese per molecule. its amino acid composition was determined and is compared with that for the superoxide dismutases from escherichia coli, streptococcus mutans, and mycobacterium lepraemurium. when used as an antigen in rabbits, the s. faecalis enzyme elicite ... | 1978 | 206536 |
| behaviour and indicator value of some microorganisms under conditions of soil contamination by pesticides. | the comparative effect of two organophosphorus pesticides (chlorophos and metaphos) on escherichia coli, an enterococcus and shigella organisms present in chernozem, podzolic, and loamy soils was investigated. a considerable level of resistance of the test organisms to the insecticides was established. this was expressed by their behaviour only changing on contamination of the soil samples with the insecticides in amounts considerably exceeding those used in natural conditions. escherichia coli ... | 1975 | 805171 |
| effect of sodium cyanate upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclaer leukocytes. | sodium cyanate, a drug that prevents sickling of hemoglobin s by virtue of its irreversible carbamylation of the n-terminal amino group of valine, was studied for its effect upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclear luekocytes. in concentrations of 500 and 100 mug/ml, sodium cyanate was found to inhibit killing by neutrophils of staphylococcus epidermidis and eschierichia coli but not of streptococcus faecalis. viability of cells and phagocytosis were not affected by cyanate; however, ... | 1975 | 805192 |
| factors that may prevent transfer of anti-biotic resistance between gram-negative bacteria in the gut. | antibiotic-resistance transfer between populations of donor and recipient strains of escherichia coli was completely inhibited in broth by dense suspensions of bacteroides fragilis. comparable amounts of inert bacterial matter (for-molised suspensions of e. coli or b. fragilis), or smaller numbers of viable b. fragilis, streptococcus faecalis, staphylococcus albus, neisseria catarrhalis, or solutions of sodium taurocholate or glycocholate were only moderately inhibitory. anaeroboisis had no effe ... | 1975 | 805244 |
| urinary tract infection treated with oxolinic acid. | | 1975 | 805351 |
| prevention of folate deficiency by food fortification. ii. absorption of folic acid from fortified staple foods. | the absorption of folic acid from maize, rice and bread fortified with pteroylglutamic acid was compared with that of an aqueous solution of pteroylglutamic acid in the same subjects. feeding fortified maize and rice produced similar increments in folic acid concentration, which were approximately half those observed with the pteroylglutamic acid solution. fortified bread produced a lower increment. pteroylglutamic acid was found to resist destruction by boiling and baking at temperatures and ti ... | 1975 | 805518 |
| bacteriology of the gallbladder bile in normal subjects. | a bacteriologic analysis of the gallbladder bile in eighty patients who underwent operation was performed in a prospective study. in all twenty patients with a normal gallbladder as assessed by oral cholecystography and intraoperative palpation, cultured were negative. among patients with chronic cholecystitis only 30 per cent had positive bile cultures and this rose to 47 per cent among patients with acute cholecystitis. | 1975 | 805546 |
| asymptomatic bacteriuria in schoolchildren in newcastle upon tyne. | a screening survey for asymptomatic bacteriuria (asb) in 13464 schoolgirls aged 4 to 18 years in newcastle upon tyne showed an overall prevalence of 1.9%. in girls 4 to 6 years it was 1.4%, in girls aged 7 to 11 years it was 2.5%, in girls aged 12 to 18 years it was 1.6%, a statistically significant rise and fall. renal scarring was found in 39 (15%) of 254 girls with asb. neither the prevalence nor the severity of renal scarring increased with age. there was no association between asb and socia ... | 1975 | 805569 |
| tagatose-1, 6-diphosphate activation of lactate dehydrogenase from streptococcus cremoris. | | 1975 | 805590 |
| antiplasmodial efficacy of 2,4--diaminopyrimidine0sylfonamide combinations, especially against chloroquine-resistant malaria. | this presentation deals with the historical development of the antifolate pyrimidines and related compounds, first as antimalarial substances and later as potent antibacterial agents. it describes the first quantitation of the combined action, through sequential blockade, of the substances with sulfonamides, and outlines the usefulness of the combinations in the therapy of normally sensitive and multiresistant strains of plasmodium falciparum. | 1975 | 805650 |
| letter: identification of enterococci. | | 1975 | 805853 |
| methotrexate: distribution in cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous, ventricular and lumbar injections. | the kinetics and distribution of methotrexate in intraventricular and intrathecal cerebrospinal-fluid spaces were studied in patients with meningeal leukemia and meningeal carcinomatosis after drug administration by intravenous infusion, indwelling intraventricular subcutaneous reservoir (ommaya), or standard lumbar puncture. negligible ventricular concentrations followed a single intravenous dose. during an intravenous infusion (500 mg per square meter for 24 hours) the ventricular cerebrospina ... | 1975 | 806016 |
| [nature of bacteriocins]. | the bacteriocins comprise a large, heterogeneous group of bactericidal substances produced by bacteria from widely differing species. the best known bacteriocins are the colicins. some aspects of research on colicins are discussed especially their chemical nature and mode of action, and their genetic determinants. | 1975 | 806026 |
| determination of site of infection in endocarditis. | medical-surgical treatment of antibiotic refractory endocarditis requires determination of the site of infection, which is not always possible with conventional cardiac catheterization. the cases of two patients with right-sided endocarditis who survived after combined medical-surgical therapy are presented. one had persistent pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia and three possible sites of infection. multiple quantitative blood cultures proximal and distal to each suspected site indicated the pulm ... | 1975 | 806245 |
| simple technique for the assay of antibiotic synergism against enterococci. | a simple technique with antibiotic-impregnated disks has been developed to demonstrate the antibiotic synergism of penicillins and aminoglycosides against enterococci. the two antibiotic disks are placed on inoculated plates so that the distance between their centers is less than the sum of the two radii of their previously determined inhibitory zones. after 5 h of incubation, beta-lactamase powder is dusted onto the susceptibility plate with a sterile cotton swab. after overnight incubation, th ... | 1975 | 806260 |
| alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid uptake by high affinity dicarboxylic amino acid transport system in streptococcus faecalis. | the transport of alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid was studied in streptococcus faecalis. energey-dependent uptake against substantial concentration gradients was observed. kinetic experiments indicated that, in contrast to l-glutamic acid, only a single catalytic component (high affinity) and a diffusion controlled process participated in alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid uptake. at concentrations up to 10 mm, alpha-methyl-glutamate transport was almost completely abolished in a mutant strain lacking a h ... | 1975 | 806303 |
| some observations on the caecal microflora of the chick during the first two weeks of life. | 1. changes in the caecal flora of chicks aged from approximately 3 h to 14 d were studied. 2. counts obtained by means of a conventional anaerobic plating method and a method for the stricter anaerobes remained comparable throughout but occasionally it was found that strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the predominant flora of 4- to 14-d-old birds could not be grown when tested by the conventional method. 3. during the 14-d period approximately 100% of the organisms isolated on anaerobic ... | 1975 | 806330 |
| calcification of selected strains of streptococci. | | 1979 | 226568 |
| [activity of biseptol, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim against gram positive cocci]. | | 1975 | 806754 |
| phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride: metabolism and function as an anchor in bacterial cell membrane. | the recently discovered phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride (pkd), was first observed as a biosynthetic by-product of glycosyl diglyceride metabolism in streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790. its structure is 1, 2-diacyl-3-o-alpha-dglucopyranosyl-6'-o-phosphoryl- [1'', 2''-diacyl-3''-o-sn-glycerol]-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol. the biosynthesis of phosphatidyl-kojibiosyl diglyceride occurs by a novel transphosphatidylation reaction in which a phosphatidyl glycero ... | 1975 | 806764 |
| [clinical study with spectacillin on patients with infections of the urogenital system (author's transl)]. | report is given of clinical experiences gained with the new developed semi-syntheticpenicillin "spectacillin" on 75 patients suffering from an urological disease. the drug has been applied for therapy of acute and chronic forms of inflammations of the bladder and the urethra, additionally the prostatitis, the epididymitis, but first of all the pyelonephritis (caused bacterially). within the germ spectrum of these diseases, germs of the coli-type, streptococcus faecalis (enterococcus), staphyloco ... | 1975 | 806772 |
| the effectiveness of common office disinfection procedures for gutta-percha and silver points. | | 1975 | 806861 |
| the digestibility and availability of lysine and methionine in isolated soya-bean protein after severe heat damage. | | 1975 | 806914 |
| subclinical mastitis in suckler cows. | in a two-year study of the incidence of subclinical mastitis in two beef suckler herds over 2400 quarter milk samples from 180 cows were examined. somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts were carried out and infecting organisms were isolated on sheep blood agar. results of these tests indicated that: (a) in spite of extremely dirty udders, fewer contaminants were found in the suckler cow milk samples than in a group of over 1700 samples from typical dairy herds; (b) 18 per cent of all q ... | 1975 | 807019 |
| virulence of enterococci in experimental pyelonephritis. | | 1977 | 411205 |
| studies of cephalothin: aminoglycoside synergism against enterococci. | combinations of cephalothin and aminoglycoside antibiotics are not currently used in the therapy of serious enterococcal infections, because clinical trials of these combinations have been unsuccessful. studies of 28 enterococci isolated from patients with enterococcal bacteremia suggested three possible mechanisms for this in vivo antibiotic failure: (i) a relatively high level of resistance to cephalothin among all enterococci and especially those characterized as streptococcus faecium, (ii) a ... | 1975 | 807155 |
| membrane filter technique for enumeration of enterococci in marine waters. | a membrane filter procedure is described for the enumeration of enterococci in marine waters. the procedure utilizes a highly selective and somewhat differential primary isolation medium followed by an in situ substrate test for identifying colonies of those organisms capable of hydrolyzing esculin. the procedure (me) was evaluated with known streptococci strains and field samples with regard to its accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, precision, and comparability to existing methods. essentially ... | 1975 | 807165 |
| the prevalence of enterococci in the human mouth and their pathogenicity in animal models. | | 1975 | 807189 |
| a critical look at chemical disinfection of anaesthetic apparatus. | studies were carried out to test the efficacy of disinfection of a previously contaminated corrugated anaesthetic tube and reservoir bag. bacteriological swabs and sampling with broth were evaluated as methods of detecting contamination. gross contamination was detected by broth sampling on occasions when swabbing failed to reveal contamination. the presence of up to 18% by volume of residual air within the apparatus was detected. a method of ensuring elimination of all air is described and stud ... | 1975 | 807229 |
| protein quality of feeding-stuffs. 7. collaborative studies on the microbiological assay of available amino acids. | 1. twenty-two samples of high-protein feeding-stuffs, sixteen of them fish meals, were used in a collaborative study of the precision and the limits of discrimination of the streptococcus zymogenes assay procedure, as applied to the estimation of available methionine, tryptophan and isoleucine contents. 2. all the participating laboratories ranked the test samples in much the same sequence with respect to content for all three amino acids. there were apparently systematic differences between lab ... | 1975 | 807233 |
| a humoral cytotoxic substance produced by a human killer cell line. | the production of a cytotoxic factor synthesized by human haemic killer cells growing in vitro is described. the factor can be found extra- and intra-cellularly. it is released from the cells by an apocrine form of secretion, illustrated by light and electron micrographs. the culture fluid from 14c-labelled killer cells reveals numerous radioactive bands following sds-gel electrophoresis. the killing factor is precipitated by 30 to 60% saturation of ammonium sulphate. cultures of human rhabdomyo ... | 1977 | 412508 |
| synthesis and excretion of glycerol teichoic acid during growth of two streptococcal species. | examination of both supernatant culture medium and cell pellets after exponential- and stationary-phase growth of streptococcus mutans strain fa-1 and streptococcus faecalis atcc 9790 (s. faecium) showed the presence of [-3h]glycerol-labeled material that possessed several of the properties of glycerol teichoic acid. in the supernatant medium of s. mutans fa-1, an apparently large-molecular-size material, which eluted from agarose columns with the kd value expected of a lipoteichoic acid, was ob ... | 1975 | 807523 |
| a new parenteral cephalosporin, sk&f 59962: 7-trifluoromethylthioacetamido-3-(1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid. chemistry and structure activity relationships. | the synthesis, microbiological profile and in vivo effectiveness in laboratory animals of a series of cephalosporins having 7-acyl substituents derived from methylthioacetic acid are described. structure-activity relationships examined include the effect of oxidation of the side-chain sulfur atom, replacement of the (side-chain) methyl hydrogens by fluorine and replacement of the 3-acetoxy substituent by thioheterocycles. one derivative, 7-trifluoromethylthioacetamido-3-(1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-y ... | 1975 | 807547 |
| [isolation and cold resistance of enterococci in ice cream]. | studies were a total of 85 samples of ice-cream assortments. it was found that the presence of enterococci was reduced--up to 21 per cent of the samples only had from 101 to 2000 microbial cells per cu. cm of the ice-cream mass. enterococci of the fecal group predominated--81 per cent. the regime of thermal treatment applied to the ice-cream melange produced bactericidal effect on the enterococcus microflora. after pasteurization, however, the product became contaminated with a secondary enteroc ... | 1977 | 413250 |
| folate concentration and pattern in bovine milk. | | 1975 | 807607 |
| streptococcal infection in young pigs. iv. an outbreak of streptococcal meningitis in weaned pigs. | twenty-eight pigs died in an outbreak of streptococcal meningitis in an east anglian herd. most were 10-14 weeks old. the outbreak lasted from january to april and was finally controlled by antibiotic therapy. a similar number of losses had occurred in the previous year though no diagnosis had then been made. the causal agent appeared to be a haemolytic streptococcus belonging to group d and provisionally designated streptococcus suis type 2. it is probably identical with de moor's group r strep ... | 1975 | 807620 |
| synthesis of n-10-methyl-4-thiofolic acid and related compounds. | compound 21 (n10-methyl-4-thiofolic acid) and related compounds were prepared as potential inhibitors of the cofactor forms of tetrahydrofolate. the preparation of 2-acetylamino-4-(benzylthio)-6-chloro-5-nitropyrimidine (4) provided an intermediate that was allowed to react with methyl p-[(3-aminoacetonyl)methylamino]benzoate oxime (16). the oxime function of the resulting 6-substituted aminopyrimidine 6 was hydrolyzed to give the corresponding acetonylaminopyrimidine 7, which on reductive cycli ... | 1975 | 807732 |
| substituted 1-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-4-imidazolin-2-ones. | a series of 1-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-4-imidazolin-2-ones has been prepared. a new synthesis of 4-alkyl-1-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-4-imidazolin-2-ones involving the oxidative ring closure of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde 2-(2-hydroxyethylalkyl)semicarbazones is described. the in vitro testing of the compounds against a variety of bacteria is reported. | 1975 | 807733 |
| 2-phenethylimidazole derivatives. synthesis and antimycotic properties. | compounds of type (x = o, nh; ar and ar' = phenyl of substituted phenyl; ten examples) were prepared and assayed against miconazole (ii,x = o; ar = ar' =2,4-cl2c6h3) as potential antimycotic agents. optimal activity was noted for i(x = o; ar = ar' = 2,4-cl2c6h3), the direct analog of miconazole. it is about one-tenth as active. | 1975 | 807735 |
| monocyclic antibiotic beta-lactams. | the preparation and antimicrobial activity of a series of beta-lactams (3a-f) are described. these compounds were prepared from the 2+2 cycloaddition of beta,beta-disubstituted enamines with aryl isocyanates; compounds 3a-f underwent facile beta-lactam ring fission between aminal carbon atom c4 and the lactam nitrogen n1. the resisting formylacetanilide derivatives were devoid of antibiotic activity. | 1975 | 807736 |
| competitive effects of intestinal microflora on vibrio cholerae in gnotobiotic mice. | the coexistence of vibrio cholerae and several intestinal bacteria was determined in gnotobiotic mice. the bacteria tested included a bacteroides sp, clostridium difficile, clostridium perfringens type a, 2 separate isolates of escherichia coli, 2 different lactobacilli, 2 separate isolates of proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas maltophilia, and streptococcus faecalis. each species of bacteria became established and was recovered repeatedly from the stools during the studies. no single strain or spec ... | 1975 | 807775 |
| herd incidence of bovine mastitis in four danish dairy. districts ii. evaluation of the effect of the mastitis control scheme. | bacteriological and cytological examinations have been carried out on samples from 6,808 cows belonging to 339 herds in four danish dairy districts. after a discussion of differences between the districts as regards intensivity of mastitis control, public health surveillance, etc., definitions are given of certain terms, such as presence of bacteria, infection, pathogenic versus non-pathogenic (less pathogenic) organisms. the rate of infection with pathogenic organisms varies between districts f ... | 1975 | 807908 |
| plasmid-determined tetracycline resistance in streptococcus faecalis: evidence for gene amplification during growth in presence of tetracycline. | the tetracycline (tg)-resistant streptococcus faecalis strain ds-5cl harbors two plasmids designated alpha and gamma with molecular masses of approximately 6 and 35 million daltons, respectively. tc-sensitive variants were derived by storing cells at 45 degrees for 2-3 weeks. analysis of covalently closed circular dna from five such variants (derived independently) revealed that in each variant the alpha-plasmid, which normally sediments at 28 s (supercoiled) in a sucrose density gradient, was r ... | 1975 | 807914 |
| relationship of bacterial infection in urine and calculi to canine urolithiasis. | in 26 dogs treated surgically for urolithiasis, bacteriological examination of the urine and the interior of calculi showed that infection was present in both materials in 14 cases. infection with phosphate calculi, present in 13 of these 14 dogs, was associated with a variety of bacteria including staphylococcus aureus, staph epidermidis, streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli and proteus spp. in a follow-up examination of 16 dogs, organisms different from the original isolates were recovered ... | 1975 | 808018 |
| plasmid-determined resistance to erythromycin: comparison of strains of streptococcus faecalis and streptococcus pyogenes with regard to plasmid hmology and resistance inducibility. | streptococcus faecalis strains ds-5 and streptococcus pyogenes strain ac-1 both have a 17 million dalton plasmid that determines resistance to erythromycin, lincomycin, and vernamycin b(alpha). the results of deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization experiments indicate that the two plasmids are about 95% homologous. it was also shown that erythromycin resistance is inducible in ac-1 and constitutive in ds-5. | 1975 | 808161 |
| editorial: bacteraemia from the bowel. | | 1975 | 808245 |
| carbenicillin therapy of urinary tract infections due to difficult uropathogens. iii. enterococcus. | | 1975 | 808385 |
| laboratory studies with cefatrizine (sk + f 60771), a new broad-spectrum orally-active cephalosporin. | cefatrizine (sk&f 60771), a new orally-active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, was compared with cephalexin and cefazolin for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic behavior in laboratory animals. the average mic values obtained with cefatrizine against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were superior to those obtained with cephalexin and somewhat poorer than those of cefazolin. in addition, a large percentage of th ... | 1975 | 808525 |
| a bio-selective membrane electrode prepared with living bacterial cells. | | 1977 | 413457 |
| synthesis and biological activity of 10-thia-10-deaza analogs of folic acid, pteroic acid, and related compounds. | the 10-thia analogs of pteroic acid, folic acid, their esters, and their 4-amino analogs were synthesized through a reaction sequence involving, as a key step, the condensation of 2-amino-3-cyano-5-chloromethylpyrazine with appropriately substituted thiols. the abilities of the products to inhibit the growth of methotrexate (mtx)-sensitive and mtx-resistant microorganisms were investigated as were their abilities to inhibit dihydrofolic acid reductase and thymidylic acid synthetase. several comp ... | 1975 | 808608 |
| synthesis and biological activity of 5-fluoro-4'-thiouridine and some related nucleosides. | the synthesis of a series of 4'-thio-5-halogenopyrimidine nucleosides, including the 5-fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo derivatives, has been carried out by condensation of the 2,4-bis-o-trimethylsilyl derivatives of the corresponding pyrimidine bases with the protected 4-thio-d-ribofuranosyl chloride. among these, the alpha and beta anomers of 4'-thio-5-fluorouridine inhibited the growth of leukemia l1210 cells at concentrations of 4 x 10(-7) and 2 x 10(-7) m, respectively, and that of s. faecium ... | 1975 | 808609 |
| methotrexate analogs. 6. replacement of glutamic acid by various amino acid esters and amines. | a series of methotrexate (mtx) analogs was prepared in which the glutamic acid moiety is replaced by various amino acid esters and amines. the synthetic method consisted of the reaction of 4-amino-4-deoxy-n10-methylpteroic acid with various reagents to form intermediate mixed anhydrides, which then reacted with amino acid esters or amines to give the mtx analogs. these compounds were tested for antibacterial activity against streptococcus faecium and for antitumor activity against l1210 leukemia ... | 1975 | 808614 |
| [bacteriological detection of asymptomatic urinary tract infections]. | | 1975 | 808673 |
| detection of bacteriuria in pediatric outpatients. a new culture device. | urine samples from 1,003 pediatric patients were examined for bacteriuria with a culture-nitrite strip test, along with microscopic assessment of pyruia and conventional chemical analysis. the latter two methods proved of little value in reliably detecting or excluding substantial bacteriuria. an overall prevalence of 5.2% was shown. using microstix reagent strips, 92 urine samples with substantial colony counts were detected. subculture from the strips disclosed that 52 of these involved single ... | 1975 | 808961 |
| fulminant neonatal septicemia caused by streptococcus bovis. | | 1978 | 413898 |
| effect of hyperbaric helium on vitamin uptake and utilization by micro-organisms. | growth responses under hyperbaric helium of various procaryotic micro-organisms to graded levels of six water-soluble vitamins were measured. vitamins included: thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, and folic acid (folacin). growth response of each organism under hyperbaric helium was compared with that under 80% he-20% o2 and other he-o2 gas mixtures at atmospheric pressure, and with response in air at atmospheric pressure. for five of the six vitamins, no differences in respon ... | 1975 | 809032 |
| [effect of the combination of 5-methylquinolin-8-ol, 7-bromo-5-methylquinolin-8-ol and 5-methylquinolin-8-ol-dodecylsulfate on the intestinal flora of healthy subjects]. | the influence of a combination of 5-methyl-quinolin-8-ol, 7-bromo-5-methyl-quinolin-8-ol with 5-methyl-quinolin-8-ol-dodecylsulfate on the composition of intestinal bacteria of healthy adults has been examined. the composition of normal anaerobic and aerobic intestinal bacteria practically showed no change. | 1975 | 809045 |
| neutralization effect of some agents on the antimicrobial activity of ammoniacal silver nitrate. | the effect of some agents on the antimicrobial activity of ammoniacal silver nitrate, an endodontic medicament, was tested with streptococcus faecalis by the serial tube dilution method. its results indicated that sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and blood had a marked inhibitory effect. however, the presence of dentin, necrotic tissue, saliva, and hydrogen sulfide gas liberated from protein decomposition showed no or little effect on the antibacterial properties of the chemical. since an ... | 1978 | 415823 |
| antibacterial activity of human cervical mucus. | the antimicrobial property of human uterine cervical mucus was tested in three groups of women. healthy women, using no contraception, women using an intrauterine device and women receiving hormonal treatment for contraception. cervical mucus was taken on the 10th, 14th, 18th and 22nd day of the menstrual cycle. cervical mucus had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of micrococcus lysodeicticus in all three groups. the strength of the inhibitory effect on the other microorganisms were in t ... | 1975 | 809320 |
| anti-glycosyl antibodies. two sets of isoantibodies with specificity for different carbohydrate moieties of the same glycosyl antigen. | two sets of anti-glycosyl antibodies have been isolated by affinity chromatography methods from the antisera of rabbits immunized with a vaccine of nonviable cells of streptococcus faecalis, strain n. both types of antibodies are directed against a dineteroglycan of glucose and galactose present in the cell wall of this organism. the members of one set, anti-galactose antibodies, combine with the terminal lactose residues of the glycan and the member of the other set, anti-lactose antibodies, co ... | 1978 | 416019 |
| gentamicin-based medium for the isolation of group d streptococci and application of the medium to water analysis. | gentamicin-thallous-carbonate (gtc) medium contained (per liter): 40.0 g of trypticase soy agar, 5.0 g of kh(2)po(4), 2.0 g of nahco(2), 1.0 g of glucose, 1.0 g of esculin, 0.5 g of thallous acetate (ta), 0.5 g of ferric citrate, 0.75 ml of tween 80, and 2.5 mg of gentamicin sulfate. the nahco(3) (20 ml of a 10% solution that had been heated to boiling) was added after sterilization of the basal medium. the spread plate technique was used to compare gtc agar with pfizer selective enterococcus, t ... | 1978 | 416754 |
| beta-d-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase of streptococcus faecalis and the inhibition of its synthesis by glucose. | the lactose hydrolysing system of streptococcus faecalis is described. it is closely related to that one of the group n streptocci as it consists of a beta-d-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (beta-pgal). the uptake of methyl-beta-d-thiogalactoside (tmg), lactose, and glucose is maintained by the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (pts) but the uptake of galactose is not. the induction time is 6--7 min. inducers are lactose and galactose but not isopropyl-beta-d-galactosid ... | 1978 | 418859 |
| [idiopathic arteriovenous fistula of the renal peduncle (author's transl)]. | idiopathic arteriovenous fistulae in the renal peduncle are rare. a case was discovered during clinical examination, and was confirmed by total and selective arteriography. a vertebral and dise infection of l3-l4 was also present and blood cultures were positive for enterococcus. this fistula had a high blood-flow rate but it has to be stressed that it was well-tolerated by the cardiovascular system. it was also exceptional in that conservative therapy was possible in this case, which is the eig ... | 1979 | 434728 |
| nucleic acid related compounds. 17.3-deazuridine. stannous chloride catalysis of cis-diol vs. phenolic base methylation with diazomethane. | treatment of a methanolic solution of 4-hydroxy-1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-2-pyridinone (3-deazauridine, 1) with diazomethane gave 2-methoxy-1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-4-pyridinone (2) and 4-methoxy-1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-2-pyridinone (3a) in an approximate ratio of 1:2. analogous treatment of 1 with diazomethane in the presence of stannous chloride dihydrate gave eight detected products including 2, 2-methoxy-1-(2-o-methyl-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-4-phridinone (4), 2-methoxy-1-(3-o-methyl-beta-d-ribofuran ... | 1975 | 809580 |
| surgery in active infective endocarditis. | controversy persists concerning the role of early surgical intervention in severe infective endocarditis (ie). we therefore reviewed 163 episodes of well-documented ie in which 32 cardiac operations were performed during the active phase of ie. congestive heart failure (chf) was the principal indication for surgery in 88% (28/32); systemic emboli, 1/32; and persisting sepsis, 3/32. staphylococcus and enterococcus were the most common infecting organisms in the operative group (44% and 16% respec ... | 1979 | 445778 |
| phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride. the covalently linked lipid constituent of the membrane lipoteichoic acid from streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790. | water-soluble [14c]glycerol-labeled lipoteichoic acid isolated from the membrane preparations of streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790 released chloroform-soluble radioactivity upon mild acid hydrolysis. chromatography of the radioactive, chloroform-extractable material revealed the presence of a very polar lipid (lipid i). depending upon the conditions of acid hydrolysis, lipid i accounted for as much as 92% of the total 14c-labeled lipids released. more stringent conditions of acid hydrol ... | 1975 | 803497 |
| studies on the vitamin nutrition of the cellular slime mould dictyostelium discoideum. | vitamin auxotrophs of escherichia coli grown in the presence or absence of the corresponding vitamin were used as substrates for the growth of dictyostelium discoideum strain ax-2 in order to investigate some of the growth-factor requirements of this cellular slime mould. compared with the growth yields observed on vitamin-sufficient auxotrophs and on a prototroph, the yields on lipoate-, folate-, thiamin- or biotin-depleted auxotrophs were low but could be restored by the addition of exogenous ... | 1975 | 803550 |
| survival of salmonella and other indicator microorganisms. | survival times for enteric bacteria and fecal streptococci were investigated using filter-sterilized water from a northern illinois river and temperatures of 0 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, and 20 degrees c. survival of salmonella typhimurium was essentially the same as escherichia coli over normal seasonal temperatures. fecal streptococci generally exhibited classic survival patterns. | 1975 | 810237 |
| self-transferable plasmids determining the hemolysin and bacteriocin of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes. | strains of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, designated jh1 and jh3, produced a hemolysin and a bacteriocin. hemolytic activity was lost from a low percentage of cells grown in broth at either 37 or 45 c. all nonhemolytic (hly-) variants had lost bacteriocin activity (ben-), and those from strain jh3 had also lost resistance to the bacteriocin (bnr-). the majority of hly-, ben- variants from jh1 retained bacteriocin resistance (bnrplus). strains jh1 and jh3 contained a plasmid deoxyribonucl ... | 1975 | 803965 |
| the antibacterial and pharmacological activity of oxolinic acid (prodoxol). | | 1975 | 810473 |
| transmissible toxin (hemolysin) plasmid in streptococcus faecalis and its mobilization of a noninfectious drug resistance plasmid. | streptococcus faecalis strain ds-5 has been shown previously to contain three plasmids, pamalpha1, pambeta1, and pamgamma1. mixed incubation of ds-5 with strain jh2-2, a plasmid-free s. faecalis recipient, results in the transfer of pamalpha1 (which determines resistance to tetracycline) and/or pamgamma1. analyses of recipients carrying various combinations of these plasmids have revealed the pamgamma1 codes for toxin (hemolysin) production and two bacteriocin activities. jh2-2 strains carrying ... | 1975 | 810482 |
| phage typing scheme for group d streptococci isolated from human urogenital tract. | streptococci of lancefield group d were isolated from 52.2% of pharyngeal, 55.5% of urethral, 56.6% of endocervical, and 75.4% of ano-rectal specimens. seventeen phages isolated from sewage and urogenital specimens were selected for phage typing. four of these lysed only the strains of streptococcus faecalis and its variety liquefaciens. another six phages lysed only the strains of streptococcus faecium and its variety durans. with the help of seven bacteriophages, 346 of 384 (90.1%) strains of ... | 1975 | 810495 |
| [effects of formula diet with varying carbohydrate proportion on gut microflora in man]. | the effects of conventional food and of formula diet on gut microflora were tested in six healthy persons. in comparison with conventional food, the total gut microflora concentrations slightly increased during formula diet with oligosaccharides. during the periods of formula diet rich in sucrose of maltose, total flora concentrations declined. these changes of total gut microflora were especially caused by the increase and decrease of the enterococci and enterobacteria, the bacteroides showing ... | 1975 | 810751 |