| polymicrobial keratitis: acanthamoeba and infectious crystalline keratopathy. | to report the early presentation, cause, and successful medical management of combined acanthamoeba keratitis (ak) and infectious crystalline keratopathy (ick). | 2009 | 19327742 |
| antimicrobial action of a filling paste used in pulp therapy in primary teeth under different storage conditions. | compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of common antimicrobial paste immediately after pulp therapy and in different storage conditions. | 2008 | 19358376 |
| in vitro adherence of oral streptococci to zirconia core and veneering glass-ceramics. | plaque formation on dental ceramics may cause gingival inflammation and secondary caries. this in vitro study compared the susceptibility of various dental ceramics to adhere oral streptococci, and verified the influence of substratum surface roughness and surface hydrophobicity. three zirconia ceramic materials and three veneering glass-ceramics were investigated. fifteen test specimens were prepared for each material, polished, and surface roughness and hydrophobicity were determined. after in ... | 2009 | 19388092 |
| clostridium perfringens liver abscess after pancreatic resection. | liver abscess is a rare complication after pancreatectomy. clostridium perfingens is a rare cause of intrahepatic infections. | 2009 | 19388837 |
| versatility of choline metabolism and choline-binding proteins in streptococcus pneumoniae and commensal streptococci. | the pneumococcal choline-containing teichoic acids are targeted by cholinebinding proteins (cbps), major surface components implicated in the interaction with host cells and bacterial cell physiology. cbps also occur in closely related commensal species, streptococcus oralis and streptococcus mitis, and many strains of these species contain choline in their cell wall. physiologically relevant cbps including cell wall lytic enzymes are highly conserved between streptococcus pneumoniae and s. miti ... | 2009 | 19396958 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of caesalpinia ferrea martius fruits against oral pathogens. | in the amazon region of brazil, the fruits of caesalpinia ferrea martius (brazilian ironwood) are widely used as an antimicrobial and healing medicine in many situations including oral infections. this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of caesalpinia ferrea martius fruit extract against oral pathogens. | 2009 | 19397986 |
| involvement of minor components associated with the fima fimbriae of porphyromonas gingivalis in adhesive functions. | the fima fimbriae of porphyromonas gingivalis, the causative agent of periodontitis, have been implicated in various aspects of pathogenicity, such as colonization, adhesion and aggregation. in this study, the four open reading frames (orf1, orf2, orf3 and orf4) downstream of the fimbrilin gene (fima) in strain atcc 33277 were examined. orf2, orf3 and orf4 were demonstrated to encode minor components of the fimbriae and were therefore renamed fimc, fimd and fime, respectively. immunoblotting ana ... | 2007 | 17526848 |
| polymicrobial keratitis after a collagen cross-linking procedure with postoperative use of a contact lens: a case report. | : to report a case of polymicrobial keratitis caused by streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus oralis, and coagulase-negative staphylococcus sp. in a patient who underwent collagen cross-linking for keratoconus. | 2009 | 19411973 |
| the microbiota on different oral surfaces in healthy children. | knowledge of the early oral colonization patterns could provide a better understanding of oral biofilm development and disease initiation that in turn could be the basis for early preventive programmes. | 2009 | 19416446 |
| population structure of streptococcus oralis. | streptococcus oralis is a member of the normal human oral microbiota, capable of opportunistic pathogenicity; like related oral streptococci, it exhibits appreciable phenotypic and genetic variation. a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for s. oralis was developed and the resultant data analysed to examine the population structure of the species. analysis of 113 isolates, confirmed as belonging to the s. oralis/mitis group by 16s rrna gene sequencing, characterized the population as highly ... | 2009 | 19423627 |
| denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of pcr-amplified gki genes: a new technique for tracking streptococci. | viridans group streptococci (vgs) are a well-known cause of infections in immunocompromised patients, accounting for severe morbidity and mortality. streptococcus mitis group species (streptococcus mitis, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus oralis) are among the vgs most often encountered in clinical practice. identifying the portal of entry for s. mitis group strains is crucial for interventions preventing bacterial translocation. unfortunately, tracking the source of s. mitis group strains ... | 2009 | 19458177 |
| [early prosthetic joint infection due to streptococcus oralis]. | | 2009 | 19477047 |
| identification of a bioactive compound isolated from brazilian propolis type 6. | a prenylated benzophenone, hyperibone a, was isolated from the hexane fraction of brazilian propolis type 6. its structure was determined by spectral analysis including 2d nmr. this compound exhibited cytotoxic activity against hela tumor cells (ic(50)=0.1756microm), strong antimicrobial activity (mic range-0.73-6.6microg/ml; mbc range-2.92-106microg/ml) against streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sobrinus, streptococcus oralis, staphylococcus aureus, and actinomyces naeslundii, and the results ... | 2009 | 19497755 |
| fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from streptococcus pneumoniae. | atypical strains, presumed to be pneumococcus, with ciprofloxacin mics of > or =4.0 microg/ml and unique sequence variations within the quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdrs) of the gyrase and topoisomerase genes in comparison with the streptococcus pneumoniae r6 strain, were examined. these strains were reidentified using phenotypic methods, including detection of optochin susceptibility, bile solubility, and agglutination by serotype-specific antisera, and genotypic methods, includin ... | 2007 | 17548487 |
| transient acid-impairment of growth ability of oral streptococcus, actinomyces, and lactobacillus: a possible ecological determinant in dental plaque. | dental plaque ph decreases to about 4 through bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates and this low ph is maintained for from several minutes to about an hour. repeated acidification causes demineralization of the tooth surface, resulting in caries formation. the acidification also influences plaque bacteria. severe acidification kills bacteria efficiently, while physiological acidification, the condition occurring in plaque, kills bacteria partially and may impair growth ability. we, therefore, ... | 2009 | 19572895 |
| molecular characterization of macrolide resistance determinants [erm(b) and mef(a)] in streptococcus pneumoniae and viridans group streptococci (vgs) isolated from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). | although long-term use of azithromycin has shown a significant clinical improvement for patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), its long-term effect on the susceptibility of commensal flora within cf airways has not yet been examined. we therefore suggest that long-term use of azithromycin increases macrolide resistance in commensal streptococci. | 2009 | 19584106 |
| identification of structural determinants for substrate binding and turnover by glucosyltransferase r supports the permutation hypothesis. | segments that may crucially influence the catalytic behaviour of glucosyltransferases of the glucansucrase type were selected for modification. this was done by sequence alignments, followed by structural modelling of the putative catalytic domain, based on a permuted form of the glucosyltransferase r (gtfr) of streptococcus oralis. five selected regions, located in the c-terminal half of the potential catalytic domain, were replaced by segments found at equivalent positions in other glucosyltra ... | 2007 | 17678897 |
| identification of the binding domain of streptococcus oralis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase for porphyromonas gingivalis major fimbriae. | porphyromonas gingivalis forms communities with antecedent oral biofilm constituent streptococci. p. gingivalis major fimbriae bind to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) present on the streptococcal surface, and this interaction plays an important role in p. gingivalis colonization. this study identified the binding domain of streptococcus oralis gapdh for p. gingivalis fimbriae. s. oralis recombinant gapdh (rgapdh) was digested with lysyl endopeptidase. cleaved fragments of rgapdh ... | 2009 | 19737900 |
| mutualistic biofilm communities develop with porphyromonas gingivalis and initial, early, and late colonizers of enamel. | porphyromonas gingivalis is present in dental plaque as early as 4 h after tooth cleaning, but it is also associated with periodontal disease, a late-developing event in the microbial successions that characterize daily plaque development. we report here that p. gingivalis atcc 33277 is remarkable in its ability to interact with a variety of initial, early, middle, and late colonizers growing solely on saliva. integration of p. gingivalis into multispecies communities was investigated by using t ... | 2009 | 19749049 |
| impact of hydrodynamics on oral biofilm strength. | mechanical removal of oral biofilms is ubiquitously accepted as the best way to prevent caries and periodontal diseases. removal effectiveness strongly depends on biofilm strength. to investigate the influence of hydrodynamics on oral biofilm strength, we grew single- and multi-species biofilms of streptococcus oralis j22, actinomyces naeslundii tv14-j1, and full dental plaque at shear rates ranging from 0.1 to 50 1/sec and measured their compressive strength. subsequently, biofilm architecture ... | 2009 | 19783800 |
| safety assessment of probiora3, a probiotic mouthwash: subchronic toxicity study in rats. | streptococcus viridans are commensal bacteria that constitute a significant portion of the resident oral microflora. the objective of the present study is to investigate adverse effects, if any, of a blend of 3 natural strains, streptococcus uberis kj2, streptococcus oralis kj3, and streptococcus rattus jh145 (probiotic mouthwash, probiora(3)). the blend is administered to rats orally once daily (5 days per week) at doses of 0, 10(6), or 10(9) colony-forming units of each strain for 14 weeks. no ... | 2009 | 19815843 |
| the effect of antibacterial monomer mdpb on the growth of organisms associated with root caries. | mdpb, 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide, was tested for its ability to inhibit the growth of organisms associated with active root caries lesions and to modify the growth characteristics of these organisms at sub-mics. mics and mbcs of mdpb for independent isolates (n=5) of the following taxa: streptococcus mutans, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus salivarius, actinomyces naeslundii, actinomyces israelii, actinomyces gerensceriae, actinomyces odontolyticus, lactobacillus spp., and ca ... | 2007 | 17694749 |
| effects of amine fluoride on biofilm growth and salivary pellicles. | the amine fluoride (amf) n'-octadecyl-trimethylene-diamine-n,n,n'-tris(2-ethanol)-dihydro-fluoride is a cationic antimicrobial which can have beneficial effects on plaque formation. here, we determine changes in pellicle and bacterial cell surface properties of the strains actinomyces naeslundii hm1, streptococcus mutans ns, s.mutans atcc 700610, s. sobrinus hg1025 and s. oralis hm1 upon adsorption of this amf and accompanying effects on bacterial adhesion and biofilm growth. in vitro pellicles ... | 2008 | 18042986 |
| direct visualization of spatial and temporal patterns of antimicrobial action within model oral biofilms. | a microscopic method for noninvasively visualizing the action of an antimicrobial agent inside a biofilm was developed and applied to describe spatial and temporal patterns of mouthrinse activity on model oral biofilms. three species biofilms of streptococcus oralis, streptococcus gordonii, and actinomyces naeslundii were grown in glass capillary flow cells. bacterial cells were stained with the fluorogenic esterase substrate calcien am (cam). loss of green fluorescence upon exposure to an antim ... | 2008 | 18223108 |
| [dissertations 25 years after date 21. enhancing resistance to bacteria with chlorhexidine varnish and probiotics]. | the aim of the research described in 'chemotherapy against streptococcus mutans' was to increase colonization resistance against mutans streptococci by inoculating actinomyces naeslundii on the dentition. actinomyces naeslundii established better after chlorhexidine application than after dental cleansing only but did not exceed the 1% level of the total actinomyces population. this was insufficient to increase the colonization resistance against mutans streptococci. a 33% chlorhexidine varnish ... | 2010 | 20225702 |
| exopolysaccharides produced by streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases modulate the establishment of microcolonies within multispecies biofilms. | streptococcus mutans is a key contributor to the formation of the extracellular polysaccharide (eps) matrix in dental biofilms. the exopolysaccharides, which are mostly glucans synthesized by streptococcal glucosyltransferases (gtfs), provide binding sites that promote accumulation of microorganisms on the tooth surface and further establishment of pathogenic biofilms. this study explored (i) the role of s. mutans gtfs in the development of the eps matrix and microcolonies in biofilms, (ii) the ... | 2010 | 20233920 |
| surfactive and antibacterial activity of cetylpyridinium chloride formulations in vitro and in vivo. | to compare effects of three cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) formulations with and without alcohol and tween80 on physico-chemical properties of salivary pellicles, bacterial detachment in vitro and bacterial killing in vivo. | 2008 | 18384389 |
| endophthalmitis associated with retinal laser treatment in a trabeculectomized eye. | | 2010 | 20379313 |
| biofilm formation and virulence expression by streptococcus mutans are altered when grown in dual-species model. | microbial cell-cell interactions in the oral flora are believed to play an integral role in the development of dental plaque and ultimately, its pathogenicity. the effects of other species of oral bacteria on biofilm formation and virulence gene expression by streptococcus mutans, the primary etiologic agent of dental caries, were evaluated using a dual-species biofilm model and realtime-pcr analysis. | 2010 | 20398271 |
| salivary gel-forming mucin muc5b--a nutrient for dental plaque bacteria. | model systems with oral bacteria from dental plaque have demonstrated that the utilization of complex glycoproteins as a food source cannot be undertaken by single species but requires concerted degradation by a multi-species consortium, with each member contributing one or a few hydrolytic enzymes. unlike previous studies, the aim of the present investigation was to explore the ability of fresh dental plaque to degrade salivary mucin, muc5b, isolated by methods designed to retain intact the nat ... | 2008 | 18402602 |
| mechanical non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a single-blinded randomized longitudinal clinical study. ii. microbiological results. | peri-implantitis is common in patients with dental implants. we performed a single-blinded longitudinal randomized study to assess the effects of mechanical debridement on the peri-implant microbiota in peri-implantitis lesions. | 2010 | 20507380 |
| structure and molecular characterization of streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide 10f by carbohydrate engineering in streptococcus oralis. | although closely related at the molecular level, the capsular polysaccharide (cps) of serotype 10f streptococcus pneumoniae and coaggregation receptor polysaccharide (rps) of streptococcus oralis c104 have distinct ecological roles. cps prevents phagocytosis of pathogenic s. pneumoniae, whereas rps of commensal s. oralis functions as a receptor for lectin-like adhesins on other members of the dental plaque biofilm community. results from high resolution nmr identified the recognition region of s ... | 2010 | 20507989 |
| [hip prosthetic streptococcus oralis infection]. | | 2010 | 20554139 |
| identification of the cpsa gene as a specific marker for the discrimination of streptococcus pneumoniae from viridans group streptococci. | streptococcus pneumoniae, the aetiological agent of pneumonia and non-gonococcal urethritis, shares a high degree of dna sequence identity with the viridans group of streptococci, particularly streptococcus mitis and streptococcus oralis. although their clinical and pathological manifestations are different, discrimination between s. pneumoniae and its close viridans cocci relatives is still quite difficult. suppression subtractive hybridization was performed to identify the genomic differences ... | 2010 | 20616191 |
| mutations in the tacf gene of clinical strains and laboratory transformants of streptococcus pneumoniae: impact on choline auxotrophy and growth rate. | the nutritional requirement that streptococcus pneumoniae has for the aminoalcohol choline as a component of teichoic and lipoteichoic acids appears to be exclusive to this prokaryote. a mutation in the tacf gene, which putatively encodes an integral membrane protein (possibly, a teichoic acid repeat unit transporter), has been recently identified as responsible for generating a choline-independent phenotype of s. pneumoniae (m. damjanovic, a. s. kharat, a. eberhardt, a. tomasz, and w. vollmer, ... | 2008 | 18424523 |
| a predatory mechanism dramatically increases the efficiency of lateral gene transfer in streptococcus pneumoniae and related commensal species. | bacteria that are competent for natural genetic transformation, such as pneumococci and their commensal relatives streptococcus mitis and streptococcus oralis, take up exogenous dna and incorporate it into their genomes by homologous recombination. traditionally, it has been assumed that genetic material leaking from dead bacteria constitutes the sole source of external dna for competent streptococci. here we describe a mechanism for active acquisition of homologous dna that dramatically increas ... | 2008 | 18485065 |
| bacterial interference of penicillin-sensitive and -resistant streptococcus pneumoniae by streptococcus oralis in an adenoid organ culture: implications for the treatment of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children and adults. | the role of the viridans group of streptococci (streptococcus oralis) in the prevention of colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae was investigated in an adenoid organ culture system. | 2006 | 16739666 |
| physiological and serological variation in streptococcus mitis biovar 1 from the human oral cavity during the first year of life. | the purpose of the study was to explore the physiological and antigenic diversity of a large number of streptococcus mitis biovar 1 isolates in order to begin to determine whether these properties contribute to species persistence. | 2007 | 17045561 |
| investigation of supragingival plaque microbiota in different caries status of chinese preschool children by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | this study aimed to detect differences in the richness of total supragingival plaque microbiota as well as the species composition of oral streptococci involved in the different stages of dental caries. forty-five plaque samples were collected from caries-moderate (cm, 4 ≤ dmfs ≤ 6), caries-susceptible (cs, dmfs ≥ 10), and age-matched caries-free children separately. total dna was isolated directly from each sample, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) ... | 2010 | 20927511 |
| bacterial contamination of filtered intraoral bone chips. | intraoral bony defects can be filled with bony particles that are collected in a titanium filter. the aim of this study was to determine quantitatively and qualitatively the degree of this contamination. over a period of 3 months, bony particles were collected from 50 patients undergoing oral surgery. the bony particles were scraped off the filter, resuspended, and incubated aerobically and anaerobically on human blood agar media. colony forming units (cfu) were determined as well as the most co ... | 2006 | 17052892 |
| efficacy and mechanisms of non-antibacterial, chemical plaque control by dentifrices--an in vitro study. | the provision of antiplaque benefits to dentifrices assists patients in improving hygiene and reducing susceptibility to gingivitis and caries. chemical plaque control involves different mechanisms and is mostly associated with antibacterial effects, but also includes effects on pellicle surface chemistry to improve cleansing or discourage renewed plaque formation. it is the aim of this paper to analyze in vitro detachment of co-aggregating oral actinomyces and streptococci from pellicle surface ... | 2007 | 17097208 |
| visualization by 256-slice computed tomography of mycotic aortic root aneurysms in infective endocarditis. | infective endocarditis (ie) may lead to mycotic aortic root aneurysm formation. herein is described the preoperative use of ecg-gated contrast-enhanced 256-slice cardiac computed tomography (ct) to optimize surgical planning by visualizing the location and extent of the mycotic aneurysm in two patients with complicated ie. in both cases, ct revealed a large aortic root mycotic aneurysm, accurately determined its location and extent, and also depicted the close relationship of the aneurysm to the ... | 2010 | 21053742 |
| [classical and new approaches in laboratory diagnosis of viridans streptococci.] | viridans group streptococci (vgs) are gram-positive microorganisms that can form alpha-hemolytic colonies on sheep blood agar. they reside as normal flora in oral cavity, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital tract and on skin. they can cause bacteremia, endocarditis, meningitis and septicemia following dental procedures. the diagnosis of vgs are difficult since the taxonomic classification and species na-mes may change due in time. viridans group streptococci are classified into 5 groups (s ... | 2010 | 21064001 |
| cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis associated with infectious endocarditis. | renal deterioration often occurs in cases of infectious endocarditis (ie), but, ie- associated nephritis with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (rpgn) is rare. patients with severe infection (e.g., ie) sometimes show positivity for cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (c-anca). therefore, diagnosis and treatment are very difficult in cases of rpgn with ie and positivity for c-anca. such cases are rare, only 12 have been reported in the english literature. herein, we describe th ... | 2006 | 17176917 |
| proteases of an early colonizer can hinder streptococcus mutans colonization in vitro. | streptococcus mutans is the primary cariogen that produces several virulence factors that are modulated by a competence-stimulating peptide (csp) signaling system. in this study, we sought to determine if proteases produced by early dental plaque colonizers such as streptococcus gordonii interfere with the subsequent colonization of s. mutans bm71 on the existing streptococcal biofilms. we demonstrated that s. mutans bm71 colonized much less efficiently in vitro on streptococcal biofilms than on ... | 2010 | 21088146 |
| oral streptococcal strains isolated from odontogenic infections and their susceptibility to antibiotics. | the aim of this study was to identify at species level and to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of oral streptococcal strains isolated from 100 pus samples collected from romanian patients with different odontogenic infections. the isolates were identified at species level using the rapid id 32 strep system and their susceptibility was testing by the etest, against: penicillin g, ampicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline. for the investigation of erythromycin resistance phen ... | 2006 | 17438917 |
| [purification of mutacin]. | to purify mutacin produced from isolated streptococcus mutans (s. mutans) strains in order to, contribute to molecular biological research of mutacin. | 2010 | 21179700 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdrs) of gyra, gyrb, parc and pare gene loci in viridans group streptococci isolated from adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | ciprofloxacin is the most frequently used member of the fluoroquinolones during initial eradication therapy of pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as during acute pulmonary exacerbations. however, its long-term effect on the susceptibility of the commensal flora within the cystic fibrosis (cf) airways has not yet been examined. the aim of this study was therefore to examine the consequence of oral ciprofloxacin usage on the resistance of the commensal viridans group streptococci (vgs), in terms of m ... | 2010 | 21193474 |
| zinc and copper play a role in coaggregation inhibiting action of porphyromonas gingivalis. | we investigated the mechanisms of adherence of salivary and serum proteins, which mimic gingival crevicular fluid (gcf), to porphyromonas gingivalis, and the effects of these adhered proteins on coaggregation and hemagglutination properties. | 2009 | 19121071 |
| an in vitro evaluation of hydrolytic enzymes as dental plaque control agents. | the plaque-control potential of commercially available amylase, lipase and protease was evaluated by observing their effects on coaggregation and on bacterial viability within various plaque microcosms. a quantitative coaggregation assay indicated that protease significantly inhibited the extent of coaggregation of actinomyces naeslundii and streptococcus oralis (p <0.05) and of porphyromonas gingivalis and s. oralis. amylase significantly (p <0.05) increased the coaggregation of a. naeslundii v ... | 2009 | 19273645 |
| an antimicrobial effect from silver-coated toothbrush heads. | to examine the antimicrobial effect of silver-coated toothbrush heads in vitro. | 2010 | 21207790 |
| multi-species biofilm formation on dental materials and an adhesive patch. | this laboratory study assessed the influence of surface roughness and contact time on the formation of a multi-species biofilm on dental materials (adhesive patch, composite, amalgam and enamel). | 2009 | 19408815 |
| effect of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate on streptococcus spp. biofilms. | the effect of different concentrations of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (hema) was evaluated on biofilm formation and preformed biofilm of streptococcus mitis, streptococcus mutans and streptococcus oralis, alone or combined to each other. | 2011 | 21219369 |
| antimicrobial and anti-adhesive potential of a biosurfactant rufisan produced by candida lipolytica ucp 0988. | in the last years, researches developed with biosurfactants for application in the medical area have been revealing the promising biological activities of these biomolecules. in this work the antimicrobial and anti-adhesive properties of a biosurfactant rufisan isolated from the yeast candida lipolytica ucp 0988, growth in a medium supplemented with ground nut refinery residue was determined against several microorganisms. the biosurfactant was able to reduce the water surface tension from 70 to ... | 2010 | 21247740 |
| structure, viability and bacterial kinetics of an in vitro biofilm model using six bacteria from the subgingival microbiota. | there are few in vitro models available in the scientific literature for study of the structure, formation and development of the subgingival biofilm. the purpose of this study was to develop and validate an in vitro biofilm model, using representative selected bacteria from the subgingival microbiota. | 2011 | 21261622 |
| an in vitro comparative study determining bactericidal activity of stabilized chlorine dioxide and other oral rinses. | the study was conducted to determine the bactericidal activity of a stabilized chlorine dioxide oral rinse (closys oral rinse) compared to products currently available on the market. | 2011 | 21290979 |
| spontaneous pyogenic spinal epidural abscess. | spontaneous pyogenic spinal epidural abscess (sea) is a rare condition but might be devastating and fatal. traditional treatment is surgical decompression and antibiotics. a retrospective study was designed to assess the eff ect of clinical findings and treatment methods on the outcome. material and | 2011 | 21294095 |
| evaluation antimicrobial and antiadhesive properties of the biosurfactant lunasan produced by candida sphaerica ucp 0995. | different groups of biosurfactants exhibit diverse properties and display a variety of physiological functions in producer microorganisms; these include enhancing the solubility of hydrophobic/water-insoluble compound, heave metal binding, bacterial pathogenesis, cell adhesion and aggregation, quorum sensing and biofilm formation. candida sphaerica was grown in a low cost medium, consisting of distilled water supplemented with 9% refinery residue of soybean oil and 9% corn steep liquor, for 144 ... | 2011 | 21327556 |
| clustering of subgingival microbial species in adolescents with periodontitis. | it has become increasingly recognized that groups of microorganisms interact within the subgingival plaque of adult subjects with periodontitis. it is much less clear, however, whether the consortia of microorganisms associated with periodontitis are different in early and more advanced cases of periodontitis. to investigate this point further, subgingival plaque was collected from six sites in 87 adolescents with periodontitis and 73 controls and the samples were analyzed for the detection of 1 ... | 2011 | 21410554 |
| novel model for multispecies biofilms that uses rigid gas-permeable lenses. | oral biofilms comprise complex multispecies consortia aided by specific inter- and intraspecies interactions occurring among commensals and pathogenic bacterial species. oral biofilms are primary initiating factors of periodontal disease, although complex multifactorial biological influences, including host cell responses, contribute to the individual outcome of the disease. to provide a system to study initial stages of interaction between oral biofilms and the host cells that contribute to the ... | 2011 | 21421785 |
| oral biofilm models for mechanical plaque removal. | in vitro plaque removal studies require biofilm models that resemble in vivo dental plaque. here, we compare contact and non-contact removal of single and dual-species biofilms as well as of biofilms grown from human whole saliva in vitro using different biofilm models. bacteria were adhered to a salivary pellicle for 2 h or grown after adhesion for 16 h, after which, their removal was evaluated. in a contact mode, no differences were observed between the manual, rotating, or sonic brushing; and ... | 2010 | 19565279 |
| multispecies communities: interspecies interactions influence growth on saliva as sole nutritional source. | human oral bacteria live in multispecies communities in the biofilm called dental plaque. this review focuses on the interactions of seven species and the ability of each species individually and together with other species to grow on saliva as the sole source of nutrient. community formation in biofilms in flow cells is monitored using species-specific fluorophore-conjugated immunoglobulin g, and images are captured by confocal microscopy. early colonizing veillonellae emerge from this review o ... | 2011 | 21485308 |
| oral bacterial adhesion forces to biomaterial surfaces constituting the bracket-adhesive-enamel junction in orthodontic treatment. | bacterial adhesion to biomaterial surfaces constituting the bracket-adhesive-enamel junction represents a growing problem in orthodontics, because bacteria can adversely affect treatment by causing demineralization of the enamel surface around the brackets. it is important to know the forces with which bacteria adhere to the surfaces of these junction materials, as the strength of these forces will determine how easy it will be to remove the bacteria. we compared the adhesion forces of five init ... | 2009 | 19627354 |
| phylogenetic analyses and detection of viridans streptococci based on sequences and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the rod shape-determining protein gene. | population analysis of viridans streptococci is important because these species are associated with dental caries, bacteremia, and subacute endocarditis, in addition to being important members of the human oral commensal microbiota. | 2009 | 21523207 |
| a rare case of infective endocarditis complicated by trichosporon asahii fungemia treated by surgery. | the patient was a 58-year-old male. he consulted our hospital because of weight loss and fever. computed tomography (ct) revealed renal infarction. nine days after admission, ct showed hemorrhagic cerebral infarction in the right frontal lobe. a blood culture revealed streptococcus oralis, and echocardiography revealed vegetation in the mitral and aortic valves, suggesting infective endocarditis (ie). fever (39 degrees c or higher) was noted 23 days after admission. a blood culture revealed tric ... | 2009 | 19901894 |
| antimicrobial penetration and efficacy in an in-vitro oral biofilm model. | the penetration and overall efficacy of six mouthrinse actives was evaluated using an in vitro flow cell oral biofilm model. the technique involved pre-loading biofilm cells with a green fluorescent dye that leaked out as the cells were permeabilized by a treatment. the loss of green color, and of biomass, was observed by time-lapse microscopy during 60 min of treatment under continuous flow conditions. the six actives analyzed were ethanol, sodium lauryl sulfate (sls), triclosan (trn), chlorhex ... | 2011 | 21537022 |
| evaluation of the incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. | aims: to report the incidence of infectious and noninfectious endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) from a multicenter clinical trial in japan. methods: a retrospective multicenter review of the data of patients who received intravitreal anti-vegf injections between january 2007 and march 2011 was undertaken. cases with the clinical diagnosis of endophthalmitis resulting from intravitreal injection were identified and reviewed. results: a ... | 2011 | 21811052 |
| distribution of oral streptococci highly resistant to amoxicillin in dental plaque specimens from japanese children and adolescents. | oral streptococci are major pathogens of infective endocarditis (ie). prophylactic antibiotics are commonly given to subjects with certain kinds of heart disorders when invasive dental treatments are performed, with amoxicillin (ampc) widely used for this purpose. however, there is scant information regarding ampc-resistant oral streptococci. a total of 344 dental plaque specimens collected from 253 healthy japanese children, adolescents, and young adults (aged 2-22 years) were diluted and strea ... | 2011 | 21799198 |
| central role of the early colonizer veillonella sp. in establishing multispecies biofilm communities with initial, middle, and late colonizers of enamel. | human dental biofilm communities comprise several species, which can interact cooperatively or competitively. bacterial interactions influence biofilm formation, metabolic changes, and physiological function of the community. lactic acid, a common metabolite of oral bacteria, was measured in the flow cell effluent of one-, two- and three-species communities growing on saliva as the sole nutritional source. we investigated single-species and multispecies colonization by using known initial, early ... | 2010 | 20154130 |
| in vitro destruction of streptococcus pneumoniae biofilms with bacterial and phage peptidoglycan hydrolases. | host- and phage-coded cell wall hydrolases have been used to fight streptococcus pneumoniae growing as planktonic cells in vitro as well as in animal models. until now, however, the usefulness of these enzymes in biofilm-grown pneumococci has gone untested. the anti-pneumococcal activity of different cell wall hydrolases produced by s. pneumoniae and a number of its phages was examined in an in vitro biofilm model. the major pneumococcal autolysin lyta, an n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase, sho ... | 2011 | 21746941 |
| rpoa is a useful gene for identification and classification of streptococcus pneumoniae from the closely related viridans group streptococci. | streptococcus pneumoniae, the leading etiological agent of pneumonia, shares a high degree of dna sequence homology with the viridans group of streptococci. the clinical and pathological manifestations may present with different features, and discrimination between s. pneumoniae and its close viridans cocci relatives, such as streptococcus mitis and streptococcus oralis, is still quite difficult. the 445-bp sequences of the n-terminal region of rpoa from nine s. pneumoniae, seven s. mitis, ten s ... | 2010 | 20158524 |
| profiling of subgingival plaque biofilm microflora from periodontally healthy subjects and from subjects with periodontitis using quantitative real-time pcr. | qualitative and quantitative changes of the subgingival plaque biofilm microflora in periodontal pockets are thought to be associated with the development and progression of periodontitis. the aims of the present study were to quantify the proportions of nine periodontitis-associated bacterial species and four streptococcus species in subgingival plaque, and to evaluate their relationship with periodontitis quantitatively. | 2010 | 20337892 |
| identification of bacteria in blood culture broths using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization sepsityper™ and time of flight mass spectrometry. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) is a novel method for the direct identification of bacteria from blood culture broths. we evaluate for the first time, the performance of the maldi sepsityper™ kit and ms for the identification of bacteria compared to standard phenotypic methods using the manufacturer's specified bacterial identification criteria (spectral scores ≥1.700-1.999 and ≥2.000 indicated identification to genus and species level, ... | 2011 | 21858058 |
| Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. | Teles FR, Teles RP, Uzel NG, Song XQ, Torresyap G, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. J Periodont Res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01409.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The development of dental biofilms after professional plaque removal is very rapid. However, it is not clear whether most bacterial species return at similar rates in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subj ... | 2011 | 21895662 |
| thermal treatments modulate bacterial adhesion to dental enamel. | numerous studies have demonstrated the effects of laser-induced heat on demineralization of enamel; however, no studies have investigated the link between heat/laser-induced changes in physicochemical properties and bacterial adhesion. in this study, we investigated the effects of thermal treatment on surface properties of enamel such as hydrophobicity and zeta potential. bacterial adhesion to treated surfaces was characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and adhesion force was quanti ... | 2011 | 21960683 |
| energy transfer, volumetric expansion, and removal of oral biofilms by non-contact brushing. | non-contact removal of oral biofilms offers advantages beyond the reach of bristles, but it is unknown how energy transfer for removal from brush-to-biofilm occurs. in the present study we evaluated non-contact, oral biofilm removal by oscillating-rotating and sonic toothbrushes, and their acoustic output up to 6 mm distance. whereas some brushes removed biofilm when used at a distance of up to 6 mm, others lost efficacy at a distance of 2-4 mm from the biofilm. loss of efficacy was accompanied ... | 2010 | 20487007 |
| identification of interspecies interactions affecting porphyromonas gingivalis virulence phenotypes. | periodontitis is recognized as a complex polymicrobial disease, however, the impact of the bacterial interactions among the 700-1,000 different species of the oral microbiota remains poorly understood. we conducted an in vitro screen for oral bacteria that mitigate selected virulence phenotypes of the important periodontal pathogen, porphyromonas gingivalis. | 2011 | 22022641 |
| real-time pcr assays for the detection and quantification of streptococcus pneumoniae. | streptococcus pneumoniae is the main etiologic agent of pneumonia worldwide. because the members of the viridans group streptococci share a high degree of dna sequence homologies, phenotypic and genotypic discriminations of s. pneumoniae from the viridans group are difficult. a quantitative real-time pcr assay targeting the capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis gene (cpsa) was developed as a species-specific detection tool for s. pneumoniae. the specificity was evaluated using genomic dnas extrac ... | 2010 | 20633048 |
| antibacterial activity of various self-etching adhesive systems against oral streptococci. | the antibacterial properties of self-etching adhesive systems constitute an important issue in operative dentistry, since viable bacteria can still be present after cavity preparation. the current study evaluated the antibacterial activity of five one-step self-etching adhesives (seas) and four self-etching primers (seps) against oral streptococci. clearfil s3 (s3), one-up bond f plus (ou), futurabond nr (fb), gbond (gb), xeno iv (x4), clearfil se bond (se), clearfil protect bond (pb), adper se ... | 2010 | 20672730 |
| clonal structure of streptococcus sanguinis strains isolated from endocarditis cases and the oral cavity. | a collection of streptococcus sanguinis strains from patients with endocarditis (n = 21) and from the oral cavity (n = 34) was subjected to a multi-locus sequence typing analysis using seven housekeeping genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (carb), co/zn/cd efflux system component (czcd), d-alanyl-d-alanine ligase (ddl), dna polymerase iii (dnax), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (gdh), dna-directed rna polymerase, beta subunit (rpob) and superoxide dismutase (soda). the scheme was expanded by ... | 2011 | 21896156 |
| the rgg gene is a specific marker for streptococcus oralis. | although the pathogenesis of streptococcus oralis may be different from that of other viridans group streptococci, s. oralis shares a high degree of dna sequence similarity with these streptococci. as a result, discrimination of s. oralis from its close relatives has long been considered difficult. this study was conducted to find specific genes that allow for the in vitro identification of s. oralis, but not other oral commensals. four hundred ninety s. oralis clones obtained by suppressive sub ... | 2010 | 20739692 |
| engineering the glucansucrase gtfr enzyme reaction and glycosidic bond specificity: toward tailor-made polymer and oligosaccharide products. | two long-standing questions about glucansucrases (ec 2.4.1.5) are how they control oligosaccharide versus polysaccharide synthesis and how they direct their glycosidic linkage specificity. this information is required for the production of tailor-made saccharides. mutagenesis promises to be an effective tool for enzyme engineering approaches for altering the regioselectivity and acceptor substrate specificity. therefore, we chose the most conserved motif around the transition state stabilizer in ... | 2008 | 18512955 |
| evolution of streptococcus pneumoniae and its close commensal relatives. | streptococcus pneumoniae is a member of the mitis group of streptococci which, according to 16s rrna-sequence based phylogenetic reconstruction, includes 12 species. while other species of this group are considered prototypes of commensal bacteria, s. pneumoniae is among the most frequent microbial killers worldwide. population genetic analysis of 118 strains, supported by demonstration of a distinct cell wall carbohydrate structure and competence pheromone sequence signature, shows that s. pneu ... | 2008 | 18628950 |
| antibiotic modulation of the plasminogen binding ability of viridans group streptococci. | the ability of viridans group streptococci to bind human plasminogen and its subsequent activation into plasmin may contribute to the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis (ie) by leading to a decreased stability of the streptococcal vegetation and facilitating dehiscence of emboli. at levels greater than or equal to their mics, penicillin, vancomycin, and linezolid are efficacious in the treatment of streptococcal endocarditis. however, at sub-mics, antibiotics can modulate the expression of b ... | 2012 | 22037854 |
| pH landscapes in a novel five-species model of early dental biofilm. | Despite continued preventive efforts, dental caries remains the most common disease of man. Organic acids produced by microorganisms in dental plaque play a crucial role for the development of carious lesions. During early stages of the pathogenetic process, repeated pH drops induce changes in microbial composition and favour the establishment of an increasingly acidogenic and aciduric microflora. The complex structure of dental biofilms, allowing for a multitude of different ecological environm ... | 2011 | 21966490 |
| characterization of a streptococcus sp.-veillonella sp. community micromanipulated from dental plaque. | streptococci and veillonellae occur in mixed-species colonies during formation of early dental plaque. one factor hypothesized to be important in assembly of these initial communities is coaggregation (cell-cell recognition by genetically distinct bacteria). intrageneric coaggregation of streptococci occurs when a lectin-like adhesin on one streptococcal species recognizes a receptor polysaccharide (rps) on the partner species. veillonellae also coaggregate with streptococci. these genera intera ... | 2008 | 18805978 |
| effect of ozone treatment on different cariogenic microorganisms in vitro. | ozone treatment has been presented and discussed in the literature, as one of the "new" ways to treat dental caries. the aim of this paper was to study the in vitro effect of ozone on some common oral microorganisms related to dental caries using scanning electron microscopy (sem). the effect of ozone was tested on three different strains of mutans streptococci and one lactobacillus strain. after exposure of bacteria to ozone treatment for 0 to 60 sec, cultivation on different chair side strips ... | 2008 | 18973084 |
| mitis group streptococci express variable pilus islet 2 pili. | streptococcus oralis, streptococcus mitis, and streptococcus sanguinis are members of the mitis group of streptococci and agents of oral biofilm, dental plaque and infective endocarditis, disease processes that involve bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions. their close relative, the human pathogen s. pneumoniae uses pilus-islet 2 (pi-2)-encoded pili to facilitate adhesion to eukaryotic cells. | 2011 | 21966432 |
| Synergistic Interaction between Candida albicans and Commensal Oral Streptococci in a Novel In Vitro Mucosal Model. | Candida albicans is a commensal colonizer of the gastrointestinal tract of humans, where it coexists with highly diverse bacterial communities. It is not clear if this interaction limits or promotes the potential of C. albicans to become an opportunistic pathogen. Here we investigate the interaction between C. albicans and three species of streptococci from the viridans group, which are ubiquitous and abundant oral commensal bacteria. The ability of C. albicans to form biofilms with Streptococcu ... | 2011 | 22104105 |
| in vitro interaction of chronic wound bacteria in biofilms. | to use in vitro biofilm models of wound bacterial isolates and compare the biofilms produced for different combinations of wound bacterial species. | 2011 | 22240883 |
| oral microbial biofilm stimulation of epithelial cell responses. | oral bacterial biofilms trigger chronic inflammatory responses in the host that can result in the tissue destructive events of periodontitis. however, the characteristics of the capacity of specific host cell types to respond to these biofilms remain ill-defined. this report describes the use of a novel model of bacterial biofilms to stimulate oral epithelial cells and profile select cytokines and chemokines that contribute to the local inflammatory environment in the periodontium. monoinfection ... | 2012 | 22266273 |
| uv-c-irradiation sublethal stress does not alter antibiotic susceptibility of the viridans group streptococci to β-lactam, macrolide, and fluoroquinolone antibiotic agents. | previous work has indicated that environmental stresses on bacteria might lead to an upregulation of stress response. led curing lights (315-400 nm) and other uv lights used in tooth whitening cosmetic procedures might act as stresses. we examined the effect of uv-c light, as a high-energy surrogate to the lower-energy uv-a light used in such instruments, to examine its effect on the antibiotic susceptibility of viridans group streptococci. | 2011 | 22887906 |
| influence of orthodontic treatment on oral streptococci. | objective of this study is to evaluate the changes of the oral microbial flora, concentrating on the oral streptococci, after the first 3 and 6 months of orthodontic treatment. | 2011 | 22570923 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of mouth washes and herbal products against dental biofilm-forming bacteria. | to evaluate in vitro, the antimicrobial effect of cymbopogon citrates (lemon grass), plectranthusamboinicus (mexican mint) and conyzabonariensis (hairy fleabane) tinctures as well as pure and diluted commercial mouth washes (malvatricin(®), periogard(®) and listerine(®)) on wild isolates of streptococcusmutans and reference strains of s. mutans, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus oralis and lactobacillus casei by determination of minimum inhibitory dilution (mid). | 2012 | 23293486 |
| validation of a quantitative real-time pcr assay and comparison with fluorescence microscopy and selective agar plate counting for species-specific quantification of an in vitro subgingival biofilm model. | subgingival biofilms are the prime etiological factor of periodontal disease. owing to their complex polymicrobial nature, quantification of individual bacterial species within the biofilm for research and diagnostic purposes can be methodologically challenging. the aims of this study were to establish a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay to quantify the bacteria used in our 10-species in vitro 'subgingival' biofilm model and to compare the quantitative outcome with fluorescence microscopy ... | 2012 | 23278531 |
| simultaneous detection of streptococcus pneumoniae, s. mitis, and s. oralis by a novel multiplex pcr assay targeting the gyrb gene. | a multiplex pcr (mpcr) protocol was developed for simultaneous detection of the gyrb gene in streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus mitis, and streptococcus oralis, and the specificity was evaluated using 141 coccus strains. genomic dnas purified from s. pneumoniae, s. mitis, and s. oralis strains were efficiently detected with size differences, whereas no pcr products were amplified from any of the reference strains tested. a pilot study of 47 human oral swab specimens was conducted in paralle ... | 2012 | 23269740 |
| identification and characterization of porphyromonas gingivalis client proteins that bind to streptococcus oralis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. | coaggregation of porphyromonas gingivalis and oral streptococci is thought to play an important role in p. gingivalis colonization. previously, we reported that p. gingivalis major fimbriae interacted with streptococcus oralis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), and that amino acid residues 166 to 183 of gapdh exhibited strong binding activity toward p. gingivalis fimbriae (h. nagata, m. iwasaki, k. maeda, m. kuboniwa, e. hashino, m. toe, n. minamino, h. kuwahara, and s. shizukuish ... | 2012 | 23264054 |
| impact of early colonizers on in vitro subgingival biofilm formation. | the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early colonizing species on the structure and the composition of the bacterial community developing in a subgingival 10-species biofilm model system. the model included streptococcus oralis, streptococcus anginosus, actinomycesoris, fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, veillonella dispar, campylobacter rectus, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola. based on literature, we consider ... | 2013 | 24340084 |
| the novel species streptococcus tigurinus and its association with oral infection. | streptococcus tigurinus is a novel species of viridans streptococci, shown to cause severe invasive infections such as infective endocarditis, spondylodiscitis and meningitis. s. tigurinus belongs to the streptococcus mitis group and is most closely related to streptococcus mitis, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and streptococcus infantis. the presence of s. tigurinus in the human oral cavity has been documented, including in patients with periodont ... | 2014 | 25483862 |
| association between polycystic ovary syndrome, oral microbiota and systemic antibody responses. | polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a hormonal disorder of women that not only is the leading cause of infertility but also shows a reciprocal link with oral health. this study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the levels of putative periodontal pathogens in saliva and their antibody response in serum are elevated in pcos, compared to systemic health. a total of 125 women were included in four groups; 45 women with pcos and healthy periodontium, 35 women with pcos and gingivitis, 25 syste ... | 2014 | 25232962 |