chronic postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery secondary to vancomycin-resistant ochrobactrum anthropi: case report and literature review. | the aim of this study was to report an unusual case of chronic postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery, secondary to ochrobactrum anthropi that was found to be resistant to vancomycin. | 2016 | 27421273 |
functional genes to assess nitrogen cycling and aromatic hydrocarbon degradation: primers and processing matter. | targeting sequencing to genes involved in key environmental processes, i.e., ecofunctional genes, provides an opportunity to sample nature's gene guilds to greater depth and help link community structure to process-level outcomes. vastly different approaches have been implemented for sequence processing and, ultimately, for taxonomic placement of these gene reads. the overall quality of next generation sequence analysis of functional genes is dependent on multiple steps and assumptions of unknow ... | 2013 | 24062736 |
a gene transfer agent and a dynamic repertoire of secretion systems hold the keys to the explosive radiation of the emerging pathogen bartonella. | gene transfer agents (gtas) randomly transfer short fragments of a bacterial genome. a novel putative gta was recently discovered in the mouse-infecting bacterium bartonella grahamii. although gtas are widespread in phylogenetically diverse bacteria, their role in evolution is largely unknown. here, we present a comparative analysis of 16 bartonella genomes ranging from 1.4 to 2.6 mb in size, including six novel genomes from bartonella isolated from a cow, two moose, two dogs, and a kangaroo. a ... | 2013 | 23555299 |
a persistent and diverse airway microbiota present during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) are a major source of morbidity and contribute significantly to healthcare costs. although bacterial infections are implicated in nearly 50% of exacerbations, only a handful of pathogens have been consistently identified in copd airways, primarily by culture-based methods, and the bacterial microbiota in acute exacerbations remains largely uncharacterized. the aim of this study was to comprehensively profile airway bacterial com ... | 2010 | 20141328 |
distribution of genes encoding nucleoid-associated protein homologs in plasmids. | bacterial nucleoid-associated proteins (naps) form nucleoprotein complexes and influence the expression of genes. recent studies have shown that some plasmids carry genes encoding nap homologs, which play important roles in transcriptional regulation networks between plasmids and host chromosomes. in this study, we determined the distributions of the well-known naps fis, h-ns, hu, ihf, and lrp and the newly found naps mvat and ndpa among the whole-sequenced 1382 plasmids found in gram-negative b ... | 2011 | 21350637 |
across bacterial phyla, distantly-related genomes with similar genomic gc content have similar patterns of amino acid usage. | the gc content of bacterial genomes ranges from 16% to 75% and wide ranges of genomic gc content are observed within many bacterial phyla, including both gram negative and gram positive phyla. thus, divergent genomic gc content has evolved repeatedly in widely separated bacterial taxa. since genomic gc content influences codon usage, we examined codon usage patterns and predicted protein amino acid content as a function of genomic gc content within eight different phyla or classes of bacteria. w ... | 2011 | 21423704 |
nitric oxide reductase (norb) genes from pure cultures and environmental samples. | a pcr-based approach was developed to recover nitric oxide (no) reductase (norb) genes as a functional marker gene for denitrifying bacteria. norb database sequences grouped in two very distinct branches. one encodes the quinol-oxidizing single-subunit class (qnorb), while the other class is a cytochrome bc-type complex (cnorb). the latter oxidizes cytochrome c, and the gene is localized adjacent to norc. while both norb types occur in denitrifying strains, the qnorb type was also found in a var ... | 2003 | 12788753 |
improved assessment of denitrifying, n2-fixing, and total-community bacteria by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using multiple restriction enzymes. | a database of terminal restriction fragments (trfs) of the 16s rrna gene was set up utilizing 13 restriction enzymes and 17,327 genbank sequences. a computer program, termed trefid, was developed to allow identification of any of these 17,327 sequences by means of polygons generated from the specific trfs of each bacterium. the trefid program complements and exceeds in its data content the web-based phylogenetic assignment tool recently described by a. d. kent, d. j. smith, b. j. benson, and e. ... | 2005 | 15812035 |
microarray-based analysis of subnanogram quantities of microbial community dnas by using whole-community genome amplification. | microarray technology provides the opportunity to identify thousands of microbial genes or populations simultaneously, but low microbial biomass often prevents application of this technology to many natural microbial communities. we developed a whole-community genome amplification-assisted microarray detection approach based on multiple displacement amplification. the representativeness of amplification was evaluated using several types of microarrays and quantitative indexes. representative det ... | 2006 | 16820490 |
higher diversity and abundance of denitrifying microorganisms in environments than considered previously. | denitrification is an important process in the global nitrogen cycle. the genes encoding nirk and nirs (nirk and nirs), which catalyze the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide, have been used as marker genes to study the ecological behavior of denitrifiers in environments. however, conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers can only detect a limited range of the phylogenetically diverse nirk and nirs. thus, we developed new pcr primers covering the diverse nirk and nirs. clone library ... | 2015 | 25756678 |
beneficial cyanobacteria and eubacteria synergistically enhance bioavailability of soil nutrients and yield of okra. | microorganisms in the rhizosphere mediate the cycling of nutrients, their enhanced mobilisation and facilitate their uptake, leading to increased root growth, biomass and yield of plants. we examined the promise of beneficial cyanobacteria and eubacteria as microbial inoculants, applied singly or in combination as consortia or biofilms, to improve growth and yields of okra. interrelationships among the microbial activities and the micro/macro nutrient dynamics in soils and okra yield characteris ... | 2016 | 27441245 |
development of a novel genus-specific real-time pcr assay for detection and differentiation of bartonella species and genotypes. | the genus bartonella includes numerous species with varied host associations, including several that infect humans. development of a molecular diagnostic method capable of detecting the diverse repertoire of bartonella species while maintaining genus specificity has been a challenge. we developed a novel real-time pcr assay targeting a 301-bp region of the ssra gene of bartonella and demonstrated specific amplification in over 30 bartonella species, subspecies, and strains. subsequent analysis o ... | 2012 | 22378904 |
clear distinction between burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei using fluorescent motb primers. | a frame-shift mutation in the flagellum motor gene motb coding for the chemotaxis motb protein of burkholderia mallei has been utilized to design a conventional duplex pcr assay with fluorescent labelled primers. | 2015 | 25887130 |
phidias: a pathogen-host interaction data integration and analysis system. | the pathogen-host interaction data integration and analysis system (phidias) is a web-based database system that serves as a centralized source to search, compare, and analyze integrated genome sequences, conserved domains, and gene expression data related to pathogen-host interactions (phis) for pathogen species designated as high priority agents for public health and biological security. in addition, phidias allows submission, search and analysis of phi genes and molecular networks curated fro ... | 2007 | 17663773 |
the consequences of genetic drift for bacterial genome complexity. | genetic drift, which is particularly effective within small populations, can shape the size and complexity of genomes by affecting the fixation of deleterious mutations. in bacteria, assessing the contribution of genetic drift to genome evolution is problematic because the usual methods, based on intraspecific polymorphisms, can be thwarted by difficulties in delineating species' boundaries. the increased availability of sequenced bacterial genomes allows application of an alternative estimator ... | 2009 | 19502381 |
zoonotic agents in small ruminants kept on city farms in southern germany. | sheep and goats are popular examples of livestock kept on city farms. in these settings, close contacts between humans and animals frequently occur. although it is widely accepted that small ruminants can carry numerous zoonotic agents, it is unknown which of these agents actually occur in sheep and goats on city farms in germany. we sampled feces and nasal liquid of 48 animals (28 goats, 20 sheep) distributed in 7 city farms and on one activity playground in southern germany. we found that 100% ... | 2012 | 22447607 |
molecular diagnosis of actinomadura madurae infection by 16s rrna deep sequencing. | next-generation dna sequencing can be used to catalog individual organisms within complex, polymicrobial specimens. here, we utilized deep sequencing of 16s rrna to implicate actinomadura madurae as the cause of mycetoma in a diabetic patient when culture and conventional molecular methods were overwhelmed by overgrowth of other organisms. | 2013 | 24108607 |
bacterial contamination of pediatric whole blood transfusions in a kenyan hospital. | hospitalized children in sub-saharan africa frequently receive whole blood transfusions for severe anemia. the risk from bacterial contamination of blood for transfusion in sub-saharan africa is not known. this study assessed the frequency of bacterial contamination of pediatric whole blood transfusions at a referral hospital in kenya. | 2009 | 19682331 |
multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria colonization of healthy us military personnel in the us and afghanistan. | the us military has seen steady increases in multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacteria (gnb) infections in casualties from iraq and afghanistan. this study evaluates the prevalence of mdr gnb colonization in us military personnel. | 2013 | 23384348 |
culturable aerobic and facultative anaerobic intestinal bacterial flora of black cobra (naja naja karachiensis) in southern pakistan. | using morphological analysis and biochemical testing, here for the first time, we determined the culturable gut bacterial flora (aerobes and facultative anaerobes) in the venomous black cobra (naja naja karachiensis) from south asia. the findings revealed that these snakes inhabit potentially pathogenic bacteria including serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, shewanella putrefaciens, aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella sp., moraxella sp., bacillus sp., ochrobactrum anthropi, and providencia ... | 2014 | 25002979 |
rhodococcus erythropolis bg43 genes mediating pseudomonas aeruginosa quinolone signal degradation and virulence factor attenuation. | rhodococcus erythropolis bg43 is able to degrade the pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing signal molecules pqs (pseudomonas quinolone signal) [2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1h)-quinolone] and hhq [2-heptyl-4(1h)-quinolone] to anthranilic acid. based on the hypothesis that degradation of hhq might involve hydroxylation to pqs followed by dioxygenolytic cleavage of the heterocyclic ring and hydrolysis of the resulting n-octanoylanthranilate, the genome was searched for corresponding candidate genes. two g ... | 2015 | 26319870 |
genomic and evolutionary comparisons of diazotrophic and pathogenic bacteria of the order rhizobiales. | species belonging to the rhizobiales are intriguing and extensively researched for including both bacteria with the ability to fix nitrogen when in symbiosis with leguminous plants and pathogenic bacteria to animals and plants. similarities between the strategies adopted by pathogenic and symbiotic rhizobiales have been described, as well as high variability related to events of horizontal gene transfer. although it is well known that chromosomal rearrangements, mutations and horizontal gene tra ... | 2010 | 20144182 |
sequence variability of rhizobiales orthologs and relationship with physico-chemical characteristics of proteins. | chromosomal orthologs can reveal the shared ancestral gene set and their evolutionary trends. additionally, physico-chemical properties of encoded proteins could provide information about functional adaptation and ecological niche requirements. | 2011 | 21970442 |
regen: ancestral genome reconstruction for bacteria. | ancestral genome reconstruction can be understood as a phylogenetic study with more details than a traditional phylogenetic tree reconstruction. we present a new computational system called regen for ancestral bacterial genome reconstruction at both the gene and replicon levels. regen reconstructs gene content, contiguous gene runs, and replicon structure for each ancestral genome. along each branch of the phylogenetic tree, regen infers evolutionary events, including gene creation and deletion ... | 2012 | 24704978 |
a survey of srna families in α-proteobacteria. | we have performed a computational comparative analysis of six small non-coding rna (srna) families in α-proteobacteria. members of these families were first identified in the intergenic regions of the nitrogen-fixing endosymbiont s. meliloti by a combined bioinformatics screen followed by experimental verification. consensus secondary structures inferred from covariance models for each srna family evidenced in some cases conserved motifs putatively relevant to the function of trans-encoded base- ... | 2012 | 22418845 |
molecular cloning and characterization of a newly isolated pyrethroid-degrading esterase gene from a genomic library of ochrobactrum anthropi yz-1. | a novel pyrethroid-degrading esterase gene pyty was isolated from the genomic library of ochrobactrum anthropi yz-1. it possesses an open reading frame (orf) of 897 bp. blast search showed that its deduced amino acid sequence shares moderate identities (30% to 46%) with most homologous esterases. phylogenetic analysis revealed that pyty is a member of the esterase vi family. pyty showed very low sequence similarity compared with reported pyrethroid-degrading genes. pyty was expressed, purified, ... | 2013 | 24155944 |
evolutionary diversification and characterization of the eubacterial gene family encoding dxr type ii, an alternative isoprenoid biosynthetic enzyme. | isoprenoids constitute a vast family of natural compounds performing diverse and essential functions in all domains of life. in most eubacteria, isoprenoids are synthesized through the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (mep) pathway. the production of mep is usually catalyzed by deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (dxr-i) but a few organisms use an alternative dxr-like enzyme (dxr-ii). | 2013 | 24004839 |
the sinorhizobium meliloti essential porin ropa1 is a target for numerous bacteriophages. | the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti harbors a gene, smc02396, which encodes a predicted outer membrane porin that is conserved in many symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria in the order rhizobiales. here, this gene (renamed ropa1) is shown to be required for infection by two commonly utilized transducing bacteriophages (φm12 and n3). mapping of s. meliloti mutations conferring resistance to φm12, n3, or both phages simultaneously revealed diverse mutations mapping within t ... | 2013 | 23749981 |
high voltage electrochemiluminescence (ecl) as a new method for detection of pah during screening for pah-degrading microbial consortia. | the search for new bacterial consortia capable of removing pah from the environment is associated with the need to employ novel, simple, and economically efficient detection methods. a fluorimetric method (fl) as well as high voltage electrochemiluminescence (ecl) on a modified surface of an aluminum electrode were used in order to determine the changes in the concentrations of pah in the studied aqueous solutions. the ecl signal (the spectrum and emission intensity for a given wavelength) was d ... | 2015 | 26213425 |
evaluation of dna extraction protocols for brucella abortus pcr detection in aborted fetuses or calves born from cows experimentally infected with strain 2308. | the objective of the present study was to improve the detection of b. abortus by pcr in organs of aborted fetuses from infected cows, an important mechanism to find infected herds on the eradication phase of the program. so, different dna extraction protocols were compared, focusing the pcr detection of b. abortus in clinical samples collected from aborted fetuses or calves born from cows challenged with the 2308 b. abortus strain. therefore, two gold standard groups were built based on classica ... | 2009 | 24031391 |
the histidine kinase pdhs controls cell cycle progression of the pathogenic alphaproteobacterium brucella abortus. | bacterial differentiation is often associated with the asymmetric localization of regulatory proteins, such as histidine kinases. pdhs is an essential and polarly localized histidine kinase in the pathogenic alphaproteobacterium brucella abortus. after cell division, pdhs is asymmetrically segregated between the two sibling cells, highlighting a differentiation event. however, the function(s) of pdhs in the b. abortus cell cycle remains unknown. we used an original approach, the pentapeptide sca ... | 2012 | 22843843 |
comparative genomics of early-diverging brucella strains reveals a novel lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway. | brucella species are gram-negative bacteria that infect mammals. recently, two unusual strains (brucella inopinata bo1(t) and b. inopinata-like bo2) have been isolated from human patients, and their similarity to some atypical brucellae isolated from australian native rodent species was noted. here we present a phylogenomic analysis of the draft genome sequences of bo1(t) and bo2 and of the australian rodent strains 83-13 and nf2653 that shows that they form two groups well separated from the ot ... | 2012 | 22930339 |
sinorhizobium meliloti exor is the target of periplasmic proteolysis. | sinorhizobium meliloti exor regulates the production of succinoglycan and flagella through the exos/chvi two-component regulatory system. exor has been proposed to inhibit the exos sensor through direct interaction in the periplasm. to understand how exor suppression of exos is relieved, which is required for the expression of exos/chvi-regulated symbiosis genes, we characterized wild-type exor and exor95 mutant proteins. in addition to the previously identified precursor and mature forms of exo ... | 2012 | 22636773 |
fatal case of brucellosis misdiagnosed in early stages of brucella suis infection in a 46-year-old patient with marfan syndrome. | we report a fatal case of brucella suis endocarditis initially misdiagnosed by automated identification systems as ochrobactrum anthropi infection in a patient with a history of marfan syndrome and recreational feral swine hunting. this report emphasizes the need to consider brucellosis as a part of the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illness, particularly in patients with known risk of exposure. | 2012 | 22495564 |
the lipopolysaccharide core of brucella abortus acts as a shield against innate immunity recognition. | innate immunity recognizes bacterial molecules bearing pathogen-associated molecular patterns to launch inflammatory responses leading to the activation of adaptive immunity. however, the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the gram-negative bacterium brucella lacks a marked pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and it has been postulated that this delays the development of immunity, creating a gap that is critical for the bacterium to reach the intracellular replicative niche. we found that a b. abort ... | 2012 | 22589715 |
the twin-arginine translocation pathway in α-proteobacteria is functionally preserved irrespective of genomic and regulatory divergence. | the twin-arginine translocation (tat) pathway exports fully folded proteins out of the cytoplasm of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. although much progress has been made in unraveling the molecular mechanism and biochemical characterization of the tat system, little is known concerning its functionality and biological role to confer adaptive skills, symbiosis or pathogenesis in the α-proteobacteria class. a comparative genomic analysis in the α-proteobacteria class confirmed the presenc ... | 2012 | 22438962 |
analysis of the sos response of vibrio and other bacteria with multiple chromosomes. | the sos response is a well-known regulatory network present in most bacteria and aimed at addressing dna damage. it has also been linked extensively to stress-induced mutagenesis, virulence and the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance determinants. recently, the sos response has been shown to regulate the activity of integrases in the chromosomal superintegrons of the vibrionaceae, which encompasses a wide range of pathogenic species harboring multiple chromosomes. here we combin ... | 2012 | 22305460 |
polar growth in the alphaproteobacterial order rhizobiales. | elongation of many rod-shaped bacteria occurs by peptidoglycan synthesis at discrete foci along the sidewall of the cells. however, within the rhizobiales, there are many budding bacteria, in which new cell growth is constrained to a specific region. the phylogeny of the rhizobiales indicates that this mode of zonal growth may be ancestral. we demonstrate that the rod-shaped bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens grows unidirectionally from the new pole generated after cell division and has an atyp ... | 2012 | 22307633 |
identification and characterization of ribn, a novel family of riboflavin transporters from rhizobium leguminosarum and other proteobacteria. | rhizobia are symbiotic bacteria able to invade and colonize the roots of legume plants, inducing the formation of nodules, where bacteria reduce atmospheric nitrogen (n2) to ammonia (nh3). riboflavin availability influences the capacity of rhizobia to survive in the rhizosphere and to colonize roots. in this study, we identified the rl1692 gene of rhizobium leguminosarum downstream of a flavin mononucleotide (fmn) riboswitch. rl1692 encodes a putative transmembrane permease with two eama domains ... | 2013 | 23935051 |
review of brucellosis cases from laboratory exposures in the united states in 2008 to 2011 and improved strategies for disease prevention. | five laboratory-acquired brucellosis (lab) cases that occurred in the united states between 2008 and 2011 are presented. the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) reviewed the recommendations published in 2008 and the published literature to identify strategies to further prevent lab. the improved prevention strategies are described. | 2013 | 23824776 |
mistaken identity of brucella infection. | | 2013 | 23447630 |
phylogenetic analysis of erythritol catabolic loci within the rhizobiales and proteobacteria. | the ability to use erythritol as a sole carbon source is not universal among the rhizobiaceae. based on the relatedness to the catabolic genes in brucella it has been suggested that the eryabcd operon may have been horizontally transferred into rhizobium. during work characterizing a locus necessary for the transport and catabolism of erythritol, adonitol and l-arabitol in sinorhizobium meliloti, we became interested in the differences between the erythritol loci of s. meliloti and r. leguminosa ... | 2013 | 23432981 |
molecular modeling and computational analyses suggests that the sinorhizobium meliloti periplasmic regulator protein exor adopts a superhelical fold and is controlled by a unique mechanism of proteolysis. | the sinorhizobium meliloti periplasmic exor protein and the exos/chvi two-component system form a regulatory mechanism that directly controls the transformation of free-living to host-invading cells. in the absence of crystal structures, understanding the molecular mechanism of interaction between exor and the exos sensor, which is believed to drive the key regulatory step in the invasion process, remains a major challenge. in this study, we present a theoretical structural model of the active f ... | 2014 | 25492513 |
molecular modeling and computational analyses suggests that the sinorhizobium meliloti periplasmic regulator protein exor adopts a superhelical fold and is controlled by a unique mechanism of proteolysis. | the sinorhizobium meliloti periplasmic exor protein and the exos/chvi two-component system form a regulatory mechanism that directly controls the transformation of free-living to host-invading cells. in the absence of crystal structures, understanding the molecular mechanism of interaction between exor and the exos sensor, which is believed to drive the key regulatory step in the invasion process, remains a major challenge. in this study, we present a theoretical structural model of the active f ... | 2014 | 25492513 |
the predicted abc transporter abcedcba is required for type iv secretion system expression and lysosomal evasion by brucella ovis. | brucella ovis is a major cause of reproductive failure in rams and it is one of the few well-described brucella species that is not zoonotic. previous work showed that a b. ovis mutant lacking a species-specific abc transporter (δabcba) was attenuated in mice and was unable to survive in macrophages. the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of this abc transporter during intracellular survival of b. ovis. in hela cells, b. ovis wt was able to survive and replicate at later time point (48 h ... | 2014 | 25474545 |
erythritol feeds the pentose phosphate pathway via three new isomerases leading to d-erythrose-4-phosphate in brucella. | erythritol is an important nutrient for several α-2 proteobacteria, including n2-fixing plant endosymbionts and brucella, a worldwide pathogen that finds this four-carbon polyol in genital tissues. erythritol metabolism involves phosphorylation to l-erythritol-4-phosphate by the kinase erya and oxidation of the latter to l-3-tetrulose 4-phosphate by the dehydrogenase eryb. it is accepted that further steps involve oxidation by the putative dehydrogenase eryc and subsequent decarboxylation to yie ... | 2014 | 25453104 |
characterization and evaluation of an arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) product for the specific detection of brucella species. | laboratory detection of brucella is based largely on bacterial isolation and phenotypic characterization. these methods are lengthy and labor-intensive and have been associated with a heightened risk of laboratory-acquired infection. antibody based indirect detection methods also suffer from limitations in proper diagnosis of the organism. to overcome these problems, nucleic acid amplification has been explored for rapid detection and confirmation of the presence of brucella spp. pcr-based diagn ... | 2014 | 25737656 |
characterization and evaluation of an arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) product for the specific detection of brucella species. | laboratory detection of brucella is based largely on bacterial isolation and phenotypic characterization. these methods are lengthy and labor-intensive and have been associated with a heightened risk of laboratory-acquired infection. antibody based indirect detection methods also suffer from limitations in proper diagnosis of the organism. to overcome these problems, nucleic acid amplification has been explored for rapid detection and confirmation of the presence of brucella spp. pcr-based diagn ... | 2014 | 25737656 |
brucella abortus depends on pyruvate phosphate dikinase and malic enzyme but not on fbp and glpx fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases for full virulence in laboratory models. | the brucellae are the etiological agents of brucellosis, a worldwide-distributed zoonosis. these bacteria are facultative intracellular parasites and thus are able to adjust their metabolism to the extra- and intracellular environments encountered during an infectious cycle. however, this aspect of brucella biology is imperfectly understood, and the nutrients available in the intracellular niche are unknown. here, we investigated the central pathways of c metabolism used by brucella abortus by d ... | 2014 | 24936050 |
mechanisms and regulation of surface interactions and biofilm formation in agrobacterium. | for many pathogenic bacteria surface attachment is a required first step during host interactions. attachment can proceed to invasion of host tissue or cells or to establishment of a multicellular bacterial community known as a biofilm. the transition from a unicellular, often motile, state to a sessile, multicellular, biofilm-associated state is one of the most important developmental decisions for bacteria. agrobacterium tumefaciens genetically transforms plant cells by transfer and integratio ... | 2014 | 24834068 |
influenza viral vectors expressing the brucella omp16 or l7/l12 proteins as vaccines against b. abortus infection. | we generated novel, effective candidate vaccine against brucella abortus based on recombinant influenza viruses expressing the brucella ribosomal protein l7/l12 or outer membrane protein (omp)-16 from the ns1 open reading frame. the main purpose of this work was to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and protectiveness of vaccine candidate in laboratory animals. | 2014 | 24716528 |
typing of ochrobactrum anthropi clinical isolates using automated repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction dna fingerprinting and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | ochrobactrum anthropi (o. anthropi), is a non-fermenting gram-negative bacillus usually found in the environment. nevertheless, during the past decade it has been identified as pathogenic to immunocompromised patients. in this study, we assessed the usefulness of the automated repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr-based diversilab™ system, biomèrieux, france) and of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (maldi-tof ms) for typing of twentythree ... | 2014 | 24655432 |
comparative phylogenomics and evolution of the brucellae reveal a path to virulence. | brucella species include important zoonotic pathogens that have a substantial impact on both agriculture and human health throughout the world. brucellae are thought of as "stealth pathogens" that escape recognition by the host innate immune response, modulate the acquired immune response, and evade intracellular destruction. we analyzed the genome sequences of members of the family brucellaceae to assess its evolutionary history from likely free-living soil-based progenitors into highly success ... | 2014 | 24336939 |
brucella melitensis t cell epitope recognition in humans with brucellosis in peru. | brucella melitensis, one of the causative agents of human brucellosis, causes acute, chronic, and relapsing infection. while t cell immunity in brucellosis has been extensively studied in mice, no recognized human t cell epitopes that might provide new approaches to classifying and prognosticating b. melitensis infection have ever been delineated. twenty-seven pools of 500 major histocompatibility complex class ii (mhc-ii) restricted peptides were created by computational prediction of promiscuo ... | 2014 | 24126518 |
general stress signaling in the alphaproteobacteria. | the alphaproteobacteria uniquely integrate features of two-component signal transduction and alternative σ factor regulation to control transcription of genes that ensure growth and survival across a range of stress conditions. research over the past decade has led to the discovery of the key molecular players of this general stress response (gsr) system, including the sigma factor σ(ecfg), its anti-σ factor nepr, and the anti-anti-σ factor phyr. the central molecular event of gsr activation ent ... | 2015 | 26442844 |
recent advances in brucella abortus vaccines. | brucella abortus vaccines play a central role in bovine brucellosis control/eradication programs and have been successfully used worldwide for decades. strain 19 and rb51 are the approved b. abortus vaccines strains most commonly used to protect cattle against infection and abortion. however, due to some drawbacks shown by these vaccines much effort has been undertaken for the development of new vaccines, safer and more effective, that could also be used in other susceptible species of animals. ... | 2015 | 26155935 |
lamp technology: rapid identification of brucella and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | in this study, we developed new sets of primers to detect brucella spp. and m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) through isothermal amplification. we selected a previously well-characterized target gene, bscp31, specific for brucella spp. and is900 for map. the limits of detection using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) protocols described herein were similar to those of conventional pcr targeting the same sequences. hydroxynaphtol blue and sybr green(tm) allowed direct naked-e ... | 2015 | 26273282 |
brucella abortus induces the premature death of human neutrophils through the action of its lipopolysaccharide. | most bacterial infections induce the activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns), enhance their microbicidal function, and promote the survival of these leukocytes for protracted periods of time. brucella abortus is a stealthy pathogen that evades innate immunity, barely activates pmns, and resists the killing mechanisms of these phagocytes. intriguing clinical signs observed during brucellosis are the low numbers of brucella infected pmns in the target organs and neutropenia in a proport ... | 2015 | 25946018 |
whole genome sequence comparison of ten diagnostic brucellaphages propagated on two brucella abortus hosts. | recently the genome sequences of two brucellaphages, isolated in georgia (tb) and mexico (pr) were reported revealing pronounced sequence homogeneity and the presence of two major indels discriminating the two phages. subsequent genome sequencing of six diagnostic brucellaphages: tbilisi (tb), firenze (fz), weybridge (wb), s708, berkeley (bk) and r/c phages identified three major genetic groups. however, the propensity for fine-scale genetic variability of diverse brucellaphages grown on multipl ... | 2015 | 25896365 |
3-way networks: application of hypergraphs for modelling increased complexity in comparative genomics. | we present and develop the theory of 3-way networks, a type of hypergraph in which each edge models relationships between triplets of objects as opposed to pairs of objects as done by standard network models. we explore approaches of how to prune these 3-way networks, illustrate their utility in comparative genomics and demonstrate how they find relationships which would be missed by standard 2-way network models using a phylogenomic dataset of 211 bacterial genomes. | 2015 | 25815802 |
thermodynamic matchers for the construction of the cuckoo rna family. | rna family models describe classes of functionally related, non-coding rnas based on sequence and structure conservation. the most important method for modeling rna families is the use of covariance models, which are stochastic models that serve in the discovery of yet unknown, homologous rnas. however, the performance of covariance models in finding remote homologs is poor for rna families with high sequence conservation, while for families with high structure but low sequence conservation, the ... | 2015 | 25779873 |
concordance and discordance of sequence survey methods for molecular epidemiology. | the post-genomic era is characterized by the direct acquisition and analysis of genomic data with many applications, including the enhancement of the understanding of microbial epidemiology and pathology. however, there are a number of molecular approaches to survey pathogen diversity, and the impact of these different approaches on parameter estimation and inference are not entirely clear. we sequenced whole genomes of bacterial pathogens, burkholderia pseudomallei, yersinia pestis, and brucell ... | 2015 | 25737810 |
a t4ss effector targets host cell alpha-enolase contributing to brucella abortus intracellular lifestyle. | brucella abortus, the causative agent of bovine brucellosis, invades and replicates within cells inside a membrane-bound compartment known as the brucella containing vacuole (bcv). after trafficking along the endocytic and secretory pathways, bcvs mature into endoplasmic reticulum-derived compartments permissive for bacterial replication. brucella type iv secretion system (virb) is a major virulence factor essential for the biogenesis of the replicative organelle. upon infection, brucella uses t ... | 2016 | 27900285 |
molecular detection and characterization of brucella species in raw informally marketed milk from uganda. | this study identified and characterized brucella species in the informal milk chain in uganda. a total of 324 cattle bulk milk samples were screened for the genus brucella by real-time pcr with primers targeting the bcsp31 gene and further characterized by the omp25 gene. of the samples tested, 6.5% were positive for brucella species. in the omp25 phylogeny, the study sequences were found to form a separate clade within the branch containing b. abortus sequences. the study shows that informally ... | 2016 | 27839533 |
a brucella spp. isolate from a pac-man frog (ceratophrys ornata) reveals characteristics departing from classical brucellae. | brucella are highly infectious bacterial pathogens responsible for brucellosis, a frequent worldwide zoonosis. the brucella genus has recently expanded from 6 to 11 species, all of which were associated with mammals; the natural host range recently expanded to amphibians after some reports of atypical strains from frogs. here we describe the first in depth phenotypic and genetic characterization of a brucella strains isolated from a frog. strain b13-0095 was isolated from a pac-man frog (ceratop ... | 2016 | 27734009 |
succinyl-coa synthetase: new antigen candidate of bartonella bacilliformis. | bartonella bacilliformis is the causative agent of carrion's disease, a neglected illness with mortality rates of 40-85% in the absence of treatment. the lack of a diagnostic technique to overcome misdiagnosis and treat asymptomatic carriers is of note. this study aimed to identify new b. bacilliformis antigenic candidates that could lead to a new diagnostic tool able to be implemented in endemic rural areas. | 2016 | 27627803 |
a simple and safe protocol for preparing brucella samples for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis. | we describe a simple protocol to inactivate the biosafety level 3 (bsl3) pathogens brucella prior to their analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. this method is also effective for several other bacterial pathogens and allows storage, and eventually shipping, of inactivated samples; therefore, it might be routinely applied to unidentified bacteria, for the safety of laboratory workers. | 2016 | 26582837 |
analysis of the first temperate broad host range brucellaphage (bipbo1) isolated from b. inopinata. | brucella species are important human and animal pathogens. though, only little is known about mobile genetic elements of these highly pathogenic bacteria. to date, neither plasmids nor temperate phages have been described in brucellae. we analyzed genomic sequences of various reference and type strains and identified a number of putative prophages residing within the brucella chromosomes. by induction, phage bipbo1 was isolated from brucella inopinata. bipbo1 is a siphovirus that infects several ... | 2016 | 26858702 |
cultivation of denitrifying bacteria: optimization of isolation conditions and diversity study. | an evolutionary algorithm was applied to study the complex interactions between medium parameters and their effects on the isolation of denitrifying bacteria, both in number and in diversity. growth media with a ph of 7 and a nitrogen concentration of 3 mm, supplemented with 1 ml of vitamin solution but not with sodium chloride or riboflavin, were the most successful for the isolation of denitrifiers from activated sludge. the use of ethanol or succinate as a carbon source and a molar c/n ratio ... | 2006 | 16597968 |
from environment to man: genome evolution and adaptation of human opportunistic bacterial pathogens. | environment is recognized as a huge reservoir for bacterial species and a source of human pathogens. some environmental bacteria have an extraordinary range of activities that include promotion of plant growth or disease, breakdown of pollutants, production of original biomolecules, but also multidrug resistance and human pathogenicity. the versatility of bacterial life-style involves adaptation to various niches. adaptation to both open environment and human specific niches is a major challenge ... | 2012 | 24704914 |
species-specific multiplex pcr for the diagnosis of brucella ovis, actinobacillus seminis, and histophilus somni infection in rams. | infectious ovine epididymitis results in substantial economic losses worldwide due to reproductive failure and culling of breeders. the most common causative agents of these infections are brucella ovis, actinobacillus seminis, and histophilus somni. the aim of this study was to develop a multiplex pcr assay for simultaneous detection of brucella ovis, actinobacillus seminis, and histophilus somni with species-specific primers applied to biological samples for molecular diagnosis of these infect ... | 2013 | 23514236 |
the medical diagnostic approaches with phylogenetic analysis for rare brucella spp. diagnosis in taiwan. | brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease which can be easy to misdiagnose in clinical microbiology laboratories. in the present study, we have tried to improve the current clinical method for detecting brucella spp. and its antibiotic characteristics. our method begins with detecting the clinical isolate through traditional biochemical methods and automatic identification systems. then, we move on to editing the sequence for blast allows us to compare 16s rrna sequences with sequences from ot ... | 2015 | 26048695 |
in vitro activities of bal9141, a novel broad-spectrum pyrrolidinone cephalosporin, against gram-negative nonfermenters. | the activities of bal9141 (formerly ro 63-9141), a novel pyrrolidinone-3-ylidenemethyl cephalosporin, against 244 strains of gram-negative nonfermenters were evaluated. the overall mic at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (mic50) and the overall mic90 were 2 and 64 microg/ml, respectively, which are similar to those of imipenem, lower than those of the other cephalosporins tested, amoxicillin, and the ticarcillin-clavulanic acid combination, and much higher than those of ciprofloxacin. bal9141 ... | 2002 | 11850276 |
biochemical and susceptibility tests useful for identification of nonfermenting gram-negative rods. | six hundred nineteen strains of nonfermenting gram-negative rods were tested for alkaline phosphatase, benzyl-arginine arylamidase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, ethylene glycol acidification, and susceptibility to desferrioxamine and colistin. the results were highly discriminant. therefore, the proposed tests may be helpful for the identification of this group of organisms. | 2002 | 11880447 |
performances of vitek 2 colorimetric cards for identification of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the new vitek 2 identification cards that use colorimetric reading to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (gp and gn cards, respectively) in comparison to fluorimetric cards (id-gpc and id-gnb, respectively). a total of 580 clinical isolates and stock collection strains belonging to 116 taxa were included in the study. of the 249 gram-positive strains tested with both the id-gpc and gp cards, 218 (87.5%) and 235 (94.4%) strains were correct ... | 2005 | 16145083 |
the value of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in identifying clinically relevant bacteria: a comparison with automated microbiology system. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has been developed as a new-type soft ionization mass spectrometry in the recent year. increasing number of clinical microbiological laboratories consider it as an innovate approach for bacterial identification. | 2014 | 24822117 |
whole-genome sequence of chryseobacterium oranimense, a colistin-resistant bacterium isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient in france. | for the first time, we report the whole-genome sequence analysis of chryseobacterium oranimense g311, a multidrug-resistant bacterium, from a cystic fibrosis patient in france, including resistance to colistin. whole-genome sequencing of c. oranimense g311 was performed using ion torrent pgm, and rast, the embl-ebi server, and the antibiotic resistance gene-annotation (arg-annot) database were used for annotation of all genes, including antibiotic resistance (ar) genes. general features of the c ... | 2015 | 25583710 |
infectious etiologies of acute febrile illness among patients seeking health care in south-central cambodia. | the agents of human febrile illness can vary by region and country suggesting that diagnosis, treatment, and control programs need to be based on a methodical evaluation of area-specific etiologies. from december 2006 to december 2009, 9,997 individuals presenting with acute febrile illness at nine health care clinics in south-central cambodia were enrolled in a study to elucidate the etiologies. upon enrollment, respiratory specimens, whole blood, and serum were collected. testing was performed ... | 2012 | 22302857 |
optimization of routine identification of clinically relevant gram-negative bacteria by use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and the bruker biotyper. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) might complement and one day replace phenotypic identification of bacteria in the clinical microbiology laboratory, but there is no consensus standard regarding the requirements for its validation prior to clinical use in the united states. the objective of this study was to assess the preanalytical variables influencing gram-negative identification by use of the bruker biotyper maldi-tof ms system, inclu ... | 2013 | 23426923 |
use of universal 16s rrna gene pcr as a diagnostic tool for venous access port-related bloodstream infections. | amplification of the universal 16s rrna gene using pcr has improved the diagnostic yield of microbiological samples. however, no data have been reported on the reliability of this technique with venous access ports (vaps). we assessed the utility of 16s rrna pcr for the prediction of vap-related bloodstream infection (vap-rbsi). during a 2-year period, we prospectively received all vaps removed by interventional radiologists. pcr and conventional cultures were performed using samples from the di ... | 2013 | 23254136 |
bacterial bloodstream infections and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in pediatric hematology/oncology patients after anticancer chemotherapy. | bloodstream infections in pediatric hematology and oncology represent a major problem worldwide, but this has not been studied in qatar. in this study, we investigated the burden of infection and the resistance pattern in the bacterial etiology, in the only tertiary pediatric hematology and oncology center in qatar. | 2014 | 25395866 |
pediatric multicenter evaluation of the verigene gram-negative blood culture test for rapid detection of inpatient bacteremia involving gram-negative organisms, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, and carbapenemases. | we evaluated the investigational use only (iuo) version of the rapid verigene gram-negative blood culture test (bc-gn), a microarray that detects 9 genus/species targets (acinetobacter spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli/shigella spp., klebsiella oxytoca, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, and serratia marcescens) and 6 antimicrobial resistance determinants (blactx-m, blakpc, blandm, blavim, blaimp, and blaoxa) directly from positive blood cultur ... | 2014 | 24759724 |
a population-based acute meningitis and encephalitis syndromes surveillance in guangxi, china, may 2007-june 2012. | acute meningitis and encephalitis (ame) are common diseases with the main pathogens being viruses and bacteria. as specific treatments are different, it is important to develop clinical prediction rules to distinguish aseptic from bacterial or fungal infection. in this study we evaluated the incidence rates, seasonal variety and the main etiologic agents of ame, and identified factors that could be used to predict the etiologic agents. | 2015 | 26633824 |
bacteria that travel: the quality of aircraft water. | the travelling population is increasing globally year on year. international tourist arrival figures reached 1087 million in 2013 and 1133 million in 2014; of which 53% and 54% respectively accounted for air transport. the water on board aircraft is sourced from surface or ground water; piped to a central filling point and distributed to each aircraft by water service vehicles at the home base or at the destination airport. the purpose of this study was to ascertain the microbial, chemical (ph; ... | 2015 | 26529000 |
antibacterial activities of multi drug resistant myroides odoratimimus bacteria isolated from adult flesh flies (diptera: sarcophagidae) are independent of metallo beta-lactamase gene. | sarcophagidae) are well known cause of myiasis and their gut bacteria have never been studied for antimicrobial activity against bacteria. antimicrobial studies of myroides spp. are restricted to nosocomial strains. a gram-negative bacterium, myroides sp., was isolated from the gut of adult flesh flies (sarcophaga sp.) and submitted to evaluation of nutritional parameters using biolog gn, 16s rrna gene sequencing, susceptibility to various antimicrobials by disc diffusion method and detection of ... | 2008 | 24031236 |
a prospective study of the causes of febrile illness requiring hospitalization in children in cambodia. | febrile illnesses are pre-eminent contributors to morbidity and mortality among children in south-east asia but the causes are poorly understood. we determined the causes of fever in children hospitalised in siem reap province, cambodia. | 2013 | 23593267 |
identification of highly pathogenic microorganisms by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry: results of an interlaboratory ring trial. | in the case of a release of highly pathogenic bacteria (hpb), there is an urgent need for rapid, accurate, and reliable diagnostics. maldi-tof mass spectrometry is a rapid, accurate, and relatively inexpensive technique that is becoming increasingly important in microbiological diagnostics to complement classical microbiology, pcr, and genotyping of hpb. in the present study, the results of a joint exercise with 11 partner institutions from nine european countries are presented. in this exercise ... | 2015 | 26063856 |
insights into the evolution of sorbitol metabolism: phylogenetic analysis of sdr196c family. | short chain dehydrogenases/reductases (sdr) are nad(p)(h)-dependent oxidoreductases with a highly conserved 3d structure and of an early origin, which has allowed them to diverge into several families and enzymatic activities. the sdr196c family (http://www.sdr-enzymes.org) groups bacterial sorbitol dehydrogenases (sdh), which are of great industrial interest. in this study, we examine the phylogenetic relationship between the members of this family, and based on the findings and some sequence c ... | 2012 | 22899811 |
group x aldehyde dehydrogenases of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 degrade hydrazones. | hydrazones are natural and synthetic compounds containing a c=n-n moiety. here we found that the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 produced nad(+)- or nadp(+)-dependent hydrazone dehydrogenase (hdh), which converts hydrazones to the corresponding hydrazides and acids rather than to the simple hydrolytic product aldehydes. gene cloning indicated that the hdh is part of the group x aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh) family, which is distributed among bacteria, although the physiologica ... | 2012 | 22267508 |
the genome sequence of polymorphum gilvum sl003b-26a1(t) reveals its genetic basis for crude oil degradation and adaptation to the saline soil. | polymorphum gilvum sl003b-26a1(t) is the type strain of a novel species in the recently published novel genus polymorphum isolated from saline soil contaminated with crude oil. it is capable of using crude oil as the sole carbon and energy source and can adapt to saline soil at a temperature of 45°c. the polymorphum gilvum genome provides a genetic basis for understanding how the strain could degrade crude oil and adapt to a saline environment. genome analysis revealed the versatility of the str ... | 2012 | 22359583 |
ω-transaminase from ochrobactrum anthropi is devoid of substrate and product inhibitions. | ω-transaminases display complicated inhibitions by ketone products and both enantiomers of amine substrates. here, we report the first example of ω-transaminase devoid of such inhibitions. owing to the lack of enzyme inhibitions, the ω-transaminase from ochrobactrum anthropi enabled efficient kinetic resolution of α-methylbenzylamine (500 mm) even without product removal. | 2013 | 23584786 |
the more, the merrier: heterotroph richness stimulates methanotrophic activity. | although microorganisms coexist in the same environment, it is still unclear how their interaction regulates ecosystem functioning. using a methanotroph as a model microorganism, we determined how methane oxidation responds to heterotroph diversity. artificial communities comprising of a methanotroph and increasing heterotroph richness, while holding equal starting cell numbers were assembled. we considered methane oxidation rate as a functional response variable. our results showed a significan ... | 2014 | 24785289 |
achromobacter denitrificans strain yd35 pyruvate dehydrogenase controls nadh production to allow tolerance to extremely high nitrite levels. | we identified the extremely nitrite-tolerant bacterium achromobacter denitrificans yd35 that can grow in complex medium containing 100 mm nitrite (no2(-)) under aerobic conditions. nitrite induced global proteomic changes and upregulated tricarboxylate (tca) cycle enzymes as well as antioxidant proteins in yd35. transposon mutagenesis generated no2(-)-hypersensitive mutants of yd35 that had mutations at genes for aconitate hydratase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in the tca cycle and a pyruva ... | 2014 | 24413603 |
type iv secretion system of brucella spp. and its effectors. | brucella spp. are intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause infection in domestic and wild animals. they are often used as model organisms to study intracellular bacterial infections. brucella virb t4ss is a key virulence factor that plays important roles in mediating intracellular survival and manipulating host immune response to infection. in this review, we discuss the roles of brucella virb t4ss and 15 effectors that are proposed to be crucial for brucella pathogenesis. virb t4ss regulate ... | 2015 | 26528442 |
active-site engineering of ω-transaminase for production of unnatural amino acids carrying a side chain bulkier than an ethyl substituent. | ω-transaminase (ω-ta) is a promising enzyme for use in the production of unnatural amino acids from keto acids using cheap amino donors such as isopropylamine. the small substrate-binding pocket of most ω-tas permits entry of substituents no larger than an ethyl group, which presents a significant challenge to the preparation of structurally diverse unnatural amino acids. here we report on the engineering of an (s)-selective ω-ta from ochrobactrum anthropi (oata) to reduce the steric constraint ... | 2015 | 26231640 |
horizontal gene transfer and diverse functional constrains within a common replication-partitioning system in alphaproteobacteria: the repabc operon. | the repabc plasmid family, which is extensively present within alphaproteobacteria, and some secondary chromosomes of the rhizobiales have the particular feature that all the elements involved in replication and partitioning reside within one transcriptional unit, the repabc operon. given the functional interactions among the elements of the repabc operon, and the fact that they all reside in the same operon, a common evolutionary history would be expected if the entire operon had been horizonta ... | 2009 | 19919719 |
acquired genetic mechanisms of a multiresistant bacterium isolated from a treatment plant receiving wastewater from antibiotic production. | the external environment, particularly wastewater treatment plants (wwtps), where environmental bacteria meet human commensals and pathogens in large numbers, has been highlighted as a potential breeding ground for antibiotic resistance. we have isolated the extensively drug-resistant ochrobactrum intermedium ccug 57381 from an indian wwtp receiving industrial wastewater from pharmaceutical production contaminated with high levels of quinolones. antibiotic susceptibility testing against 47 antib ... | 2013 | 24038701 |
a marine inducible prophage vb_cibm-p1 isolated from the aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium citromicrobium bathyomarinum jl354. | a prophage vb_cibm-p1 was induced by mitomycin c from the epipelagic strain citromicrobium bathyomarinum jl354, a member of the alpha-iv subcluster of marine aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (aapb). the induced bacteriophage vb_cibm-p1 had myoviridae-like morphology and polyhedral heads (approximately capsid 60-100 nm) with tail fibers. the vb_cibm-p1 genome is ~38 kb in size, with 66.0% gc content. the genome contains 58 proposed open reading frames that are involved in integration, dna ... | 2014 | 25406510 |
clinical significance of microbial infection and adaptation in cystic fibrosis. | a select group of microorganisms inhabit the airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis. once established within the pulmonary environment in these patients, many of these microbes adapt by altering aspects of their structure and physiology. some of these microbes and adaptations are associated with more rapid deterioration in lung function and overall clinical status, whereas others appear to have little effect. here we review current evidence supporting or refuting a role for the different mi ... | 2011 | 21233507 |
culturable gut microbiota diversity in zebrafish. | the zebrafish (danio rerio) is an increasingly used laboratory animal model in basic biology and biomedicine, novel drug development, and toxicology. the wide use has increased the demand for optimized husbandry protocols to ensure animal health care and welfare. the knowledge about the correlation between culturable zebrafish intestinal microbiota and health in relation to environmental factors and management procedures is very limited. a semi-quantitative level of growth of individual types of ... | 2012 | 22428747 |