| the epidemiological situation of pertussis in the federal republic of germany. | whooping cough continues to be a major childhood disease in parts of west germany. at age six, more than one third of the children in our area have had pertussis according to parental information, whereas only 12% received a specific vaccination. during a four-year period from 1984 to 1987, a total of 2,881 clinically diagnosed cases of whooping cough were investigated. the children had a mean age of 4.1 years, 11% of all patients were younger than one year and 6% of the patients were adults wit ... | 1991 | 1778329 |
| construction and characterization of genetically inactivated pertussis toxin. | pertussis toxin has been shown to be an important virulence factor and an antigen which will probably be essential to a pertussis vaccine. inactivation of the pertussis toxin was required due to the pharmacological properties associated with this toxin. however, chemical inactivation has the potential of altering important epitopes or of failing to inactivate the toxin. cloning and sequencing of the pertussis toxin operon has permitted the introduction of specific mutations in the s1 gene which ... | 1991 | 1778335 |
| genetic and immunological studies on polypeptides encoded by the vir locus of bordetella pertussis. | we report here the results of genetic and immunological studies of the vir locus of bordetella pertussis. these studies have allowed the determination of the cellular compartment that each of the vir-encoded polypeptides occupies, and have allowed the detection of each of them in crude extracts of bordetella pertussis cells. from these studies it can be seen that the vir locus encodes two polypeptides, one a transmembrane sensing and signalling protein and the second a cytoplasmic regulatory pro ... | 1991 | 1778338 |
| the role of the o antigen in adjuvant activity of lipopolysaccharide. | adjuvant activities of isogenic salmonella enterica, serovar typhimurium, o-6,7 and o-4,5,12 lipopolysaccharide (lps), lipid a and bordetella pertussis lps were compared by immunizing groups of mice subcutaneously with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid vaccine alone or mixed with one of the lps derivatives. five weeks later the mice were bled and the tetanus and diphtheria antibodies in the sera were measured. all the lps derivatives efficiently increased the antibody responses when compared to the ... | 1991 | 1778421 |
| antigenic switching and pathogenicity: environmental effects on virulence gene expression in bordetella pertussis. | | 1991 | 1783898 |
| construction and characterization of bordetella pertussis mutants lacking the vir-regulated p.69 outer membrane protein. | the bordetella pertussis p.69 protein is an immunogen with vaccine potential. the role of this protein in pathogenesis is unclear; it has been associated with the toxic adenylate cyclase and adhesion to eukaryotic cells. for further analysis of the role of p.69 in the biology of b. pertussis, we have constructed strains which specifically lack p.69. the cloned p.69 (prn) gene of b. pertussis was insertionally inactivated with a kanamycin-resistance cassette. this inactivated gene was used to con ... | 1991 | 1787793 |
| age-dependent difference in susceptibility to ige antibody- and igg1 antibody-mediated passive anaphylactic shock in the mouse. | the age dependence of the susceptibility to passive anaphylactic shock was studied in the mouse. anti-bpo ige monoclonal antibody produced potent systemic sensitization sufficient for provocation of lethal shock in most aged (6 to 10 months) cts, ds and c57bl/6j mice but only in a very few young (1.5 to 2.5 months) mice. a similar trend was found in the nod strain, though it was not as definite as in the above three strains. age-dependent potentiation of the ige antibody-mediated anaphylactic sh ... | 1991 | 1791039 |
| structural and genetic analysis of the bvg locus in bordetella species. | the bvg locus contains two genes, bvga and bvgs, which control the expression of the virulence-associated genes in bordetella species by a system similar to the two-component systems used by a variety of bacterial species to respond to environmental stimuli. we determined the nucleotide sequence of the bvg loci of bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica and compared them with the previously determined sequence of bordetella pertussis. the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the ... | 1991 | 1791760 |
| the bvg-dependent promoters show similar behaviour in different bordetella species and share sequence homologies. | the expression of the virulence-associated genes in bordetella species is co-ordinately regulated by the gene products encoded by the bvg locus. in bordetella pertussis the expression of this locus is regulated by the p1, p2, p3 and p4 promoters which are located in a 350 bp dna fragment also containing the pfha promoter. here we report the transcriptional regulation of the bvg locus and the fha gene in bordetella parapertussis and a sequence analysis of the bvg-regulated promoters. the pp1, pp2 ... | 1991 | 1791761 |
| shelf life of prepared bordet-gengou and regan-lowe agar plates for isolation of bordetella pertussis. | the shelf life of prepared agar plates used for the isolation of bordetella pertussis was studied. they contained bordet-gengou agar, bordet-gengou agar with cephalexin, regan-lowe agar, regan-lowe agar with cephalexin, or regan-lowe agar with both cephalexin and amphotericin b. plates stored were compared to freshly prepared control plates for up to a maximum of 18 weeks. they were inoculated with clinical isolates of bordetella pertussis, either in pure culture, or mixed with a defined orophar ... | 1991 | 1794372 |
| protective activity of bordetella adenylate cyclase-hemolysin against bacterial colonization. | bordetella pertussis synthesizes several factors. it has been suggested that one of these factors, the adenylate cyclase-hemolysin (ac-hly), directly penetrates target cells and impairs their normal functions by elevating intracellular camp. in the present study, we show that active immunization with purified b. pertussis ac-hly or ac (a fragment of the ac-hly molecule carrying only the adenylate cyclase activity but no toxin activity in vitro) protects mice against b. pertussis intranasal infec ... | 1991 | 1795632 |
| the cell mediated and humoral immune response to vaccination with acellular and whole cell pertussis vaccine in adult humans. | the cell mediated immune response (cmi) against pertussis antigens following vaccination with the traditional danish whole cell pertussis vaccine (wc-p) and the japanese acellular pertussis vaccine (a-pv) jnih-3 was studied in four adult human volunteers. vaccination with the a-pv induced an in vitro proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to pertussis toxin (pt) subunits s2-s4, s3-s4 and s5 and the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), and a better serological response to native pt, d ... | 1991 | 1797049 |
| synthesis of 2-deoxy-4-o-alpha- and -beta-d-mannopyranosyl-l-erythro-pentonic acids. | the title compounds, required for the identification of structural features of the bordetella pertussis endotoxin, have been synthesised by condensation of benzyl 3-o-benzyl-2-deoxy-beta-l-erythro-pentopyranoside with 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-benzoyl-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl bromide and with 4,6-di-o-acetyl-2,3-o-carbonyl-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl bromide, respectively, thus affording the fully protected alpha- and beta-linked disaccharides 7 and 12. hypoiodite oxidation of the reducing disaccharides 9 and 14 ... | 1991 | 1797380 |
| antibacterial activity of cefpodoxime in comparison with cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet, ceftibuten, loracarbef, cefprozil, bay 3522, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefadroxil. | the new oral cephalosporins cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten demonstrate enhanced activity against enterobacteriaceae susceptible to the established compounds as well (e.g. cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil). in addition, cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten include in their spectrum species hitherto resistant to oral cephalosporins (proteus vulgaris, providencia spp., yersinia enterocolitica). besides, the majority of these compounds demonstrate rele ... | 1991 | 1800377 |
| development of non-toxigenic vaccine strains of bordetella pertussis by gene replacement. | | 1991 | 1805567 |
| vaccine-preventable respiratory infections in childhood. | in the past decade, immunization rates among preschool-age children in the united states have decreased to levels lower than those in many developing countries. as a result, epidemics of vaccine-preventable diseases have occurred, especially in urban areas. six of the infections prevented by immunization--those caused by bordetella pertussis, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae type b, corynebacterium diphtheriae, measles virus, and influenza virus--frequently cause respiratory trac ... | 1991 | 1809999 |
| recombinant bordetella pertussis pertactin (p69) from the yeast pichia pastoris: high-level production and immunological properties. | acellular whooping cough vaccines are based on pertussis toxoid but their effectiveness may be increased by the addition of other bordetella pertussis antigens. we expressed the immunogenic outer membrane protein pertactin (p69) from b. pertussis to high levels in multi-copy transformants of the industrial yeast pichia pastoris. in high-density fermentations, engineered p. pastoris yielded greater than 3 g of the protein per litre of culture. purified recombinant pertactin was able to stimulate ... | 1991 | 1811375 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase activity in nasopharyngeal aspirates for rapid diagnosis of whooping cough in relation to culture and serology. | adenylate cyclase activity, measured in 201 nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients presenting with own or parental suspicion of whooping cough, was compared to diagnosis made by culture and by serology in the culture negative cases. the median amount of cyclic amp in samples from culture negative patients (n = 145) was 0.60 pmoles which differed significantly (p less than 0.001) from the median value 3.28 in samples from culture positive patients (n = 56). the median value 0.70 pmoles of cyclic ... | 1991 | 1815336 |
| differential effect of a paf antagonist cv-3988 on active and passive anaphylactic shock in various mouse strains. | to define the role of platelet-activating factor (paf) in anaphylactic shock in the mouse, the suppressive effect of cv-3988, a paf antagonist, on active and passive anaphylactic shock was studied. various mouse strains treated or not treated with bordetella pertussis (b. pertussis) were used. we found that the effect of cv-3988 on anaphylactic shock in the mice that were actively sensitized with bovine serum albumin plus b. pertussis differed markedly according to mouse strain. cv-3988 suppress ... | 1991 | 1819738 |
| gtp-binding proteins transduce signals generated via human fc gamma receptor iiia (cd16). | this study demonstrates that gtp-binding proteins regulate fc gamma riii-mediated signal transduction and inositol phosphate (ipn) generation in human nk cells. in addition the cross-linking of cd16 by mab, guanosine 5'-o-3-thiophosphate induced 1,4,5 inositol trisphosphate (ip3) release in permeabilized nk cells and their membranes. by contrast, guanosine 5'-o-2-thiophosphate, almost completely inhibited ip3 generation induced by cross-linking with anti-cd16 mab. pretreatment of nk cells with 1 ... | 1991 | 1827488 |
| cloning of the reca gene of bordetella pertussis and characterization of its product. | a reca gene of bordetella pertussis was identified in a plasmid library by complementation of a reca mutation in e coli and subcloned as a 2.1-kb sph i dna fragment. southern hybridization experiments showed no similarity to the e coli reca gene, but very strong similarity to other bordetella species. e coli reca mutant cells containing the b pertussis reca gene at high gene dosage were resistant to dna-damaging agents such as methyl methane sulfonate or 4-nitroquinoline-n-oxide, displayed induc ... | 1991 | 1832021 |
| the effects of adjuvants on immune responses in cattle injected with a brucella abortus soluble antigen. | five different adjuvants were examined for potentiation of humoral and cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses in cattle to a brucella abortus soluble antigen (basa). two separate experiments were performed involving a total of 64 steers, divided among six groups (experiment 1) and 9 groups (experiment 2). the adjuvants used were: muramyl dipeptide, freund's incomplete adjuvant, dimethyl-dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (dda), bordetella pertussis and propionibacterium acnes. in each experiment, three ... | 1991 | 1835213 |
| an abnormal signal transduction pathway in cd4-cd8- double-negative lymph node cells of mrl lpr/lpr mice. | we describe here a novel 26-kda posphoprotein (p26), associated to the t cell receptor of cd4-cd8- lymph node cells of lpr/lpr mice, but not present in significant amounts in control mouse cells including polyclonally activated t cells. lpr p26 is constitutively phosphorylated on a tyrosyl residue. it is most likely a member of the g protein family and displays high gtp-binding and gtpase activities both unsensitive to interleukin 2. bordetella pertussis toxin has no effect on the spontaneously ... | 1991 | 1836187 |
| [the property of filamentous hemagglutinin of bordetella pertussis]. | for the purpose to clarifying the biologically active substance of b. pertussis, we prepared the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) from culture supernatant of the strain tohama phase i and purified it through chromatography columns of hydroxylapatite, fetuin-sepharose 4b and sepharose cl 6b. there are several bands appeared in the polyacrylamide gel after sds-page, especially between 98 kd and 210 kd. the amount of 210 kd component is not proportional to hemagglutination (ha) activity of fha among ... | 1991 | 1845342 |
| adenylate cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis. the relationship between induction of camp and hemolysis. | bordetella pertussis produces a calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase (ac) that exists in several forms. only one form of ac, of apparent 200 kda, is a toxin that penetrates eukaryotic cells and generates uncontrolled levels of intracellular camp. recombination studies in transposon tn5-insertion mutants of b. pertussis and amino acid sequence homology with alpha-hemolysin of escherichia coli suggested that ac toxin may also have a hemolytic activity. here, we demonstrate that only the toxic fo ... | 1991 | 1847141 |
| are several g proteins involved in the different effects of endothelin-1 in mouse striatal astrocytes? | high-affinity specific receptors of endothelin (et-1) were identified on primary cultures of mouse embryo striatal astrocytes by binding experiments performed with 125i-et-1. stimulation of production of inositol phosphates, a biphasic increase of the intracellular calcium concentration, and inhibition of cyclic amp accumulation were observed in the same cells under et-1 stimulation. pretreatment of these cells with bordetella pertussis toxin affected these effects to different extends, an obser ... | 1991 | 1848277 |
| pertussis toxin reduces endothelium-dependent and independent responses to alpha-2- adrenergic stimulation in systemic canine arteries and veins. | a pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide regulatory protein (g-protein) is involved in the signal transduction of certain endothelium-dependent responses in mammalian arteries. to determine whether a similar mechanism mediates endothelium-dependent responses in mammalian veins, rings of canine femoral arteries and veins with and without endothelium were suspended for the measurement of isometric force in organ chambers. in femoral arteries, incubation of the rings with pertussis toxin (fro ... | 1991 | 1850467 |
| purification and assay of cell-invasive form of calmodulin-sensitive adenylyl cyclase from bordetella pertussis. | an invasive form of the cam-sensitive adenylyl cyclase from bordetella pertussis can be isolated from bacterial culture supernatants. this isolation is achieved through the use of qae-sephadex anion-exchange chromatography. it has been demonstrated that the addition of exogenous ca2+ to the anion-exchange gradient buffers will affect elution from the column and will thereby affect the isolation of invasive adenylyl cyclase. this is probably due to a ca2(+)-dependent interaction of the catalytic ... | 1991 | 1851926 |
| pertussis in developing countries: definition of the problem and prospects for control. | pertussis is a distinct clinical syndrome caused by bordetella pertussis. the disease has been well characterized and largely controlled in the industrialized countries. studies of pertussis in developing countries have been much more limited, in large part because of difficulty in culturing the organisms. conventional whole-cell vaccine is being widely used in developing countries but without clear epidemiologic measures of efficacy. the introduction of new acellular pertussis vaccines has focu ... | 1991 | 1862282 |
| pertussis in adults. what physicians need to know. | although there is increased awareness among physicians regarding their role in protecting adults against vaccine-preventable diseases, many physicians are unaware that adults develop pertussis. studies of adults with prolonged cough have found that 20% to 25% have serologic evidence of recent pertussis infection. investigations of outbreaks have documented that adults develop infection with bordetella pertussis and transmit the organism to susceptible children. adults are the major reservoir of ... | 1991 | 1872655 |
| high susceptibility of cataract shionogi (cts) mice to passive anaphylactic shock mediated by allogeneic ige and igg1 monoclonal antibodies. | the susceptibility of cataract shionogi (cts) mice as young as 8 to 10 weeks of age to passive anaphylactic shock mediated by anti-benzylpenicilloyl ige and igg1 monoclonal antibodies was compared with those of other strains of the same age including sister strains such as nonobese-diabetic (nod) and nonobese-nondiabetic (non). when the animals had been treated with killed bordetella pertussis organisms, potent sensitization, enough to cause lethal shock, was produced by either monoclonal antibo ... | 1991 | 1874560 |
| effect of pertussis pretreatment on plasma glucose and insulin responses to lithium in rats. | 1. administration of lithium to rats causes a rise in plasma glucose and suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. these effects are blocked by the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine. 2. pretreatment of rats with bordetella pertussis toxin resulted in a reversal of the usual plasma glucose and insulin responses to intravenously administered lithium (4 meq kg-1). there was a slow fall in plasma glucose, while plasma insulin rose to 267 +/- 42% (+/- s.e.mean) of control values at 30 ... | 1991 | 1884093 |
| pertussis: an old disease in a new era. | pertussis has a worldwide incidence of 51,000,000 cases per year with a 1% case fatality rate and primarily affects young children. despite the availability of an effective whole-cell pertussis vaccine, pertussis has reemerged as a significant cause of human morbidity in areas where pertussis vaccine programs have ceased because of vaccine safety concerns. the search for new vaccines without side effects has stimulated an intensive study of virulence determinants of bordetella pertussis. as a re ... | 1991 | 1887166 |
| a collaborative assay of the proposed third british reference preparation for pertussis vaccine and of the relative potencies of the second international standard and the second british reference preparation for pertussis vaccine. | a collaborative assay has been carried out to estimate the mouse protective potency of a freeze-dried preparation of bordetella pertussis (88/522) intended to serve as the third british reference preparation for pertussis vaccine (third brp). the opportunity was also taken of reassessing the relationship between the second international standard for pertussis vaccine and the second british reference preparation for pertussis vaccine (second brp). workers in nine laboratories took part in the stu ... | 1991 | 1888489 |
| contribution of the b oligomer to the protective activity of genetically attenuated pertussis toxin. | an enzymatically deficient recombinant s1 subunit, in which arg-9 was replaced by lys, was combined with native b oligomer to form a mutant holotoxin molecule. this molecule exhibited decreased leukocytosis-promoting and histamine-sensitizing activities compared with those of the native toxin, supporting the view that the b oligomer is not responsible for these activities. the protective activity of this genetically attenuated pertussis toxin was compared with that of b oligomer alone. the mutan ... | 1991 | 1894354 |
| extraction, purification, and characterization of major outer membrane proteins from wolinella recta atcc 33238. | the outer membrane of wolinella recta atcc 33238 was isolated by french pressure cell disruption and differential centrifugation. outer membrane proteins (omps) were solubilized by zwittergent 3.14 extraction and separated by deae-sephacel ion-exchange chromatography. the major omps that were found in w. recta atcc 33238 and in several other wolinella spp. consisted of proteins with apparent molecular masses of 51, 45, and 43 kda. these three conserved proteins were purified to essential homogen ... | 1991 | 1894372 |
| purification and characterization of the heat-labile toxin of bordetella pertussis. | a procedure is described for purification of pertussis heat-labile toxin (pehlt) from cells of bordetella pertussis. the purification procedure, performed in the cold and in the presence of protease inhibitors, gives 1,350-fold purification with yields of about 60%. the toxin was shown to be a single-chain polypeptide of 140 kda, pi 6.02. it was completely inactivated by heating at 56 degrees c for 60 min. rabbit antiserum prepared against pehlt neutralized the toxin and gave a single precipitin ... | 1991 | 1894374 |
| adenylate cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis. conformational change associated with toxin activity. | adenylate cyclase (ac) toxin from bordetella pertussis interacts with and enters eukaryotic cells to catalyze the production of supraphysiologic levels of cyclic amp. although the calmodulin-activated enzymatic activity (ability to convert atp to cyclic amp in a cell-free assay) of this molecule is calcium independent, its toxin activity (ability to increase cyclic amp levels in intact target cells) requires extracellular calcium. toxin activity as a function of calcium concentration is biphasic ... | 1991 | 1894634 |
| a pertussis outbreak in a wisconsin nursing home. | the epidemiologic features and clinical spectrum of pertussis in the elderly are poorly understood. in october 1985, the wisconsin division of health investigated an outbreak of pertussis in residents of a nursing home in rural wisconsin. clinical information and nasopharyngeal swab and acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens were obtained from all consenting residents and employees. of 105 residents, 38 (36.2%) were seropositive, including four who were culture-positive for bordetella per ... | 1991 | 1894932 |
| experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in brown norway rats induced by bovine interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein and renal cryosurgery. | in brown norway (bn) rats, it is known to be difficult to induce experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) by the injection of retinal s-antigen (s-ag) or interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (irbp) together with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), unless intravenous bordetella pertussis is used as an additional adjuvant. in the present study it was found that the rate of onset of eau could be increased in bn rats immunized with irbp and cfa by simultaneous cryosurgery to the renal cortex ... | 1991 | 1895571 |
| analysis of bordetella pertussis cya operon regulation by use of cya-lac fusions. | in bordetella pertussis virulence-associated genes, including adenylate cyclase toxin (cya), are coordinately regulated in response to environmental signals by proteins coded by the bvg-locus. we have constructed cya-lac fusions in escherichia coli and have shown that the cya operon is not expressed in e. coli, neither is it activated by bvg, when introduced in trans. the cya-lac fusion is fully active when returned to b. pertussis by homologous recombination and responds to bvg-dependent activa ... | 1991 | 1903750 |
| high-level synthesis of active adenylate cyclase toxin of bordetella pertussis in a reconstructed escherichia coli system. | the bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase(cya) toxin-encoding locus (cya) is composed of five genes. the cyaa gene encodes a virulence factor (cyaa), exhibiting adenylate cyclase, hemolytic and invasive activities. the cyab, d and e gene products are necessary for cyaa transport, and the cyac gene product is required to activate cyaa. we reconstructed, in escherichia coli, the cya locus of b. pertussis by cloning the different genes on appropriate vectors under the control of strong promoters a ... | 1991 | 1916273 |
| adhesion of bordetella pertussis to sulfatides and to the galnac beta 4gal sequence found in glycosphingolipids. | the adherence of the human respiratory pathogen, bordetella pertussis, to purified glycosphingolipids was investigated using thin layer chromatography overlay assays. both virulent and avirulent strains of b. pertussis bound to asialo gm1. the bacterium did not bind to the gangliosides gm1, gd1a, gd1b, and gt1b, nor to lactosylceramide, trihexosylceramide, globoside, or forssman antigen. however, after treatment of the chromatography plates with sialidase, b. pertussis bound to the gangliosides ... | 1991 | 1918002 |
| the signal transduction pathway involved in the migration induced by a monocyte chemotactic cytokine. | recombinant monocyte-chemotactic and activating factor (rmcaf; alternative acronyms mcp-1, tdcf, human je) induced migration of human monocytes across polycarbonate or nitrocellulose filters. maximal induction of migration was observed at a concentration of 10 ng/ml (10(-9) m). checkerboard analysis revealed that rmcaf elicited true gradient-dependent chemotactic migration, although a gradient independent chemokinetic effect was observed at low concentrations (1-5 ng/ml). rmcaf caused a rapid (l ... | 1991 | 1918957 |
| intracellular survival of virulent bordetella pertussis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | little is known regarding the interaction of bordetella pertussis with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) or the role pmnl play as an initial line of defense against b. pertussis infection. an in vitro system was developed to establish conditions for the study of phagocytosis and killing of virulent b. pertussis by human pmnl. phagocytosis of b. pertussis strains bp504, bp165, and bp338 occurred by opsonization with anti-b. pertussis antibody, while autologous normal human sera did not induce s ... | 1991 | 1919361 |
| identification and purification of transferrin- and lactoferrin-binding proteins of bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. | bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica were both able to grow in iron-deficient medium when supplemented with iron-saturated human lactoferrin or transferrin but not with human apotransferrin. direct contact between the transferrins and the bordetella cells did not appear to be required for growth but considerably improved the growth of the organisms. analysis of b. pertussis and b. bronchiseptica whole-cell lysates from cultures carried out in iron-deficient or iron-replete media re ... | 1991 | 1937757 |
| isolation and characterization of bordetella avium phase variants. | two spontaneous phase variants of bordetella avium were isolated at a frequency of 2 x 10(-4) by colony immunoblot assay of b. avium with antibody against b. avium dermonecrotic toxin. the two phase variants, designated gobl309 and gobl312, lack dermonecrotic toxin and four outer membrane proteins with molecular masses of 93, 48, 38, and 27 kda but retain the ability to agglutinate guinea pig erythrocytes. the proteins which are not expressed by gobl309 and gobl312 correspond to five proteins wh ... | 1991 | 1937761 |
| antibody responses in the lungs of mice following oral immunization with salmonella typhimurium aroa and invasive escherichia coli strains expressing the filamentous hemagglutinin of bordetella pertussis. | the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) of bordetella pertussis was expressed in the attenuated aroa mutant of salmonella typhimurium, sl3261, and in a strain of escherichia coli harboring shigella flexneri plasmid pwr110, which encodes bacterial invasiveness for epithelial cells. expression of fha in these strains did not interfere with their ability to invade henle cells. immunoglobulins a and g specific for fha were detected in lung washes of mice following oral immunization with the live recombi ... | 1991 | 1937797 |
| detection of bordetella pertussis associated with the alveolar macrophages of children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | in humans, infection with bordetella pertussis is considered to be localized to an epithelial surface. however, an intracellular state in cultured cells and in the macrophages of infected animals has been shown. by using indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody, it was found that 3 of 20 bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from children with human immunodeficiency virus infection had b. pertussis associated with pulmonary alveolar macrophages. none of the cultures from the patients gr ... | 1991 | 1937833 |
| properties of the b oligomer of pertussis toxin. | the b oligomer of pertussis toxin was purified from culture supernatants of bordetella pertussis strains which do not secrete the s1 subunit. the purified b oligomer is devoid of toxicity for cho cells and other in vivo properties of the toxin, such as leukocytosis and histamine sensitization, but it retains the abilities to agglutinate erythrocytes and to induce the proliferation of t lymphocytes. the b oligomer is also able to induce protective immunity in mice but is less potent than molecule ... | 1991 | 1937835 |
| differential response of the bvg virulence regulon of bordetella pertussis to mgso4 modulation. | magnesium sulfate is known to repress the expression of the virulence factors of bordetella pertussis that are coordinately regulated by the bvg locus. we have tested the time required by mgso4 to repress the synthesis of several bvg-regulated mrna species and found that the promoters of the virulence genes (pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase, and filamentous hemagglutinin) are repressed in 6 min, while the autogenously regulated promoters of the bvg locus (p1, p3, and p4) are repressed only sev ... | 1991 | 1938931 |
| detoxification of bordetella pertussis organisms or pertussis toxin with glutaraldehyde for preparation of pertussis vaccine. | | 1991 | 1950101 |
| surface-exposed antibody-accessible outer membrane proteins of bordetella pertussis. | the convalescent sera from a patient recovered from whooping cough were used to identify the surface-exposed antibody-accessible outer membrane proteins (omps) of bordetella pertussis. the results indicated that the 69,000 omp, the 40,000 porin, agglutinogens 2 and 3, and a number of presently unknown omps were exposed on the surface. the importance of these surface-exposed antigens in the protection against whooping cough is discussed. | 1991 | 1954571 |
| immunization of mice and baboons with the recombinant sm28gst affects both worm viability and fecundity after experimental infection with schistosoma mansoni. | a member of the glutathione s-transferase family, sm28gst has previously demonstrated a good ability to protect rodents against experimental infection with schistosoma mansoni. in order to evaluate its efficacy in a model closer to man, two different protocols of immunization with recombinant sm28gst were tested on baboons in a large-scale trial. three injections in the presence of aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant resulted in a significant 38% reduction in the adult worm burden together with a tr ... | 1991 | 1956696 |
| [mobile element rsbp1 of bordetella pertussis]. | a number of repeated sequences was identified in the chromosome of bordetella pertussis by the electron microscopic analysis of the chromosomal dna of this microorganism. one of the sequences was cloned on the vector plasmid phc79. it is shown to consist of two elements rsbp1 and rsbp2. the first elements is probably identical to an rs-element described previously. the cloned rsbp1 element is shown to stimulate the deletion formation in the genome of the plasmid pmkii and is able to transpose in ... | 1990 | 1964719 |
| the role and specificity of guanine nucleotide binding proteins in receptor-effector coupling. | nine distinct alpha subunits of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (g-proteins) have now been identified by cdna cloning. each of these functions to allow transduction of information between hormone-activated receptors in the plasma membrane and effector systems which are either ion channels or enzymes which regulate the intracellular concentration of second messengers. as the individual g-proteins are highly similar in primary sequence, it is pertinent to ask what degree of specificity of inte ... | 1990 | 1966633 |
| cloning, expression, and sequence analysis of the haemophilus influenzae type b strain m43p+ pilin gene. | by using antiserum against haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) strain m43p+ denatured pilin, we screened a genomic library of hib strain m43p+ and identified a clone that expressed pilin, but not assembled pili, on its surface. southern blot analysis revealed the presence of one structural gene, which was also present in strain m42p-, a nonpiliated variant. five exonuclease iii deletion mutants, two of which had deletions that extended into the structural gene and failed to express pilin, were u ... | 1990 | 1969389 |
| engineering upstream transcriptional and translational signals of bordetella pertussis serotype 2 fimbrial subunit protein for efficient expression in escherichia coli: in vitro autoassembly of the expressed product into filamentous structures. | escherichia coli containing a cloned gene encoding the bordetella pertussis serotype 2 fimbrial subunit failed to produce detectable levels of the gene product in whole-cell extracts. to engineer plasmids capable of directing the expression in e. coli of high levels of this product, both as a pre-protein and as a methionylated mature form the upstream signals of the fimbrial subunit gene were replaced by the lambda p(l) and p(r) promoters and the e. coli atpe translational initiation region. the ... | 1990 | 1969607 |
| structure of the bordetella pertussis gene coding for the serotype 3 fimbrial subunit. | bordetella pertussis strains contain at least three distinct genes coding for fimbrial subunits, designated fim2, fim3, and fimx. the sequences of the fim2 and fimx genes have been published. here we present the sequence of the fim3 gene. proximal and distal to the fim3 gene, regions were observed that could function as rho-independent terminators, suggesting that the gene is not part of a larger operon. comparison of the putative promoter regions of the fim2 and fim3 genes revealed a conserved ... | 1990 | 1969830 |
| nucleotide sequence of the fim3 gene from bordetella pertussis and homology to fim2 and fimx gene products. | | 1990 | 1970172 |
| location of the three major agglutinogens of bordetella pertussis by immuno-electronmicroscopy. | when the three serotypes of bordetella pertussis (types 1,2,3; 1,2 and 1,3) were labelled with agglutinins and protein-a gold, agglutinogen 1 was found on fimbriae and on the cell surface of types 1,2,3 and 1,2 but on the cell surface only of non-fimbriate type 1,3 organisms. in contrast, agglutinogen 2 was located on fimbriae only. agglutinogen 3 was not labelled. when protein-a gold was replaced by immunoglobulin-g gold, agglutinogen 3 was found on the cell surface only, even of fimbriate bact ... | 1990 | 1971311 |
| fimbrial phase variation in bordetella pertussis: a novel mechanism for transcriptional regulation. | fimbriae belong to a class of extracellular filamentous proteins which are involved in the attachment of bacteria to host tissues. bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, produces two serologically distinct fimbriae. we show that, like a number of other b. pertussis virulence genes, transcription of the fimbrial subunit genes (fim) is positively controlled by trans-acting polypeptides encoded by the bvg locus. in addition to this coordinate control, transcription of the fi ... | 1990 | 1975238 |
| immunization of mice against plasmodium vinckei with a combination of attenuated salmonella typhimurium and malarial antigen. | infection with the blood stage of the malaria parasite plasmodium vinckei is uniformly lethal in mice. we found that immunization of balb/c mice with a combination of killed p. vinckei antigens and an attenuated (aroa) salmonella typhimurium strain induces high levels of protection against challenge with live p. vinckei. this is especially significant because, in our previous studies, immunization of mice with killed p. vinckei antigens and adjuvants such as bordetella pertussis, complete freund ... | 1990 | 1976114 |
| description of a hybridoma bank towards bordetella pertussis toxin and surface antigens. | this paper describes the development of a murine bank of monoclonal antibodies against bordetella pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), pili, lipopolysaccharide (lps), or outer membrane proteins (omps). subunits s1, s2, s3 of pertussis toxin (pt) bound immunoglobulins and glycoproteins such as fetuin and haptoglobin in an unspecific manner. the specificity of monoclonal antibodies towards subunits s1, s2, s3 or s4 of pt could be demonstrated by using purified immunoglobulins or their ... | 1990 | 1980000 |
| differential coupling with pertussis toxin-sensitive g proteins of dopamine and somatostatin receptors involved in regulation of adenohypophyseal secretion. | d2 dopamine receptors and somatostatin receptors in adenohypophyseal cells are coupled through g proteins to various transduction mechanisms. to study the involvement of these different transduction mechanisms and of various g proteins in the dopamine and somatostatin regulation of prolactin (prl), growth hormone (gh) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) secretions, we have pretreated the adenohypophyseal cells in primary culture with increasing doses of pertussis toxin. the guanosine triphosph ... | 1990 | 1981365 |
| human serologic response to envelope-associated proteins and adenylate cyclase toxin of bordetella pertussis. | the human serologic response to several envelope-associated proteins and adenylate cyclase toxin of bordetella pertussis was examined using immunoblot techniques. antigens recognized by sera from individuals with culture-confirmed pertussis and by sera from infants immunized with three doses of conventional whole-cell pertussis vaccine included a 63,000-da protein that was shown to be antigenically related to a mycobacterial heat-shock protein. a 29,000-da protein reacted with sera from convales ... | 1991 | 1984460 |
| effects of bordetella pertussis infection on human respiratory epithelium in vivo and in vitro. | bordetella pertussis infection probably involves attachment to and destruction of ciliated epithelial cells, but most previous studies have used animal tissue. during an epidemic, nasal epithelial biopsy specimens of 15 children (aged 1 month to 3 1/2 years) with whooping cough were examined for ciliary beat frequency, percent ciliation of the epithelium, and ciliary and epithelial cell ultrastructure. in addition, the in vitro effects of filtrates from a 24-h broth culture and of tracheal cytot ... | 1991 | 1987048 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin and hemolytic activities require a second gene, cyac, for activation. | in these studies, the bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin homology to the escherichia coli hemolysin is extended with the finding of cyac, a homolog to the e. coli hlyc gene, which is required for the production of a functional hemolysin molecule in e. coli. mutations produced in the chromosome of b. pertussis upstream from the structural gene for the adenylate cyclase toxin revealed a region which was necessary for toxin and hemolytic activities of the molecule. these mutants ... | 1991 | 1987161 |
| a new murine model of autoimmune orchitis induced by immunization with viable syngeneic testicular germ cells alone. i. immunological and histological studies. | experimental autoimmune orchitis (eao) was produced in c3h/he mice with as high as 100% incidence by two or three s.c. injections of 1 x 10(7) viable syngeneic testicular germ cells (tc) without resorting to adjuvants, bordetella pertussis vaccine, or other immunological manipulations. on day 40 after the first injection of tc, the lesions induced were characterized by interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells and severe hypospermatogenesis in the testis with resulting whole organ atrophy ... | 1991 | 1988220 |
| pertactin, an arg-gly-asp-containing bordetella pertussis surface protein that promotes adherence of mammalian cells. | a 69-kda protein has been identified on the surface of the gram-negative pathogen bordetella pertussis that can elicit a protective immune response in animal models. this protein is associated with virulent strains of b. pertussis but its function has remained unclear. in this report we demonstrate that purified preparations of the 69-kda outer membrane protein can promote the attachment of chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. the interaction between the mammalian cells and this protein can be spe ... | 1991 | 1988935 |
| assay of bordetella pertussis heat-labile toxin with human embryonic lung cells. | an assay has been developed for bordetella pertussis heat-labile toxin (hlt) based on morphological alterations in certain human embryonic lung (hel) cell lines. eighteen cell lines from human and other sources were tested but only two, mrc-5 and helu2, were responsive to hlt. confluent monolayers of the cells contracted within 24 h of exposure to the toxin, but without loss of viability during incubation for a further 3 days. the effect of hlt was quantitated by scoring the extent of morphologi ... | 1991 | 1990137 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: cellular and antibody response against the parasite in mice immunized with a 19-amino acid synthetic peptide. | several monoclonal antibodies were prepared against the flagellar fraction of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (tulahuén strain, stock tul 2). one of them, fch-f8-4, has previously shown biologic activity against the parasite (complement-mediated lysis and neutralization of the trypomastigote infectivity). immunopurified antigens using this monoclonal antibody elicited a protective immune response in mice. two recombinant cdna clones were detected with this anti-flagellar fraction monoclonal anti ... | 1991 | 1993465 |
| hemolytic activity of adenylate cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis. | adenylate cyclase (ac) toxin from b. pertussis enters eukaryotic cells where it produces supraphysiologic levels of camp. purification of ac toxin activity [(1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 19279] results in increasing potency of hemolytic activity and electroelution of the 216-kda holotoxin yields a single protein with ac enzymatic, toxin and hemolytic activities. ac toxin and e. coli hemolysin, which have dna sequence homology [(1988) embo j. 7, 3997] are immunologically cross-reactive. the time cou ... | 1991 | 1993477 |
| immune responses to bordetella pertussis infection and vaccination. | to assess antibody and cellular immune responses, 156 healthy children were immunized at approximately 18 months of age with acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine. changes in antibody responses to filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) and to pertussis toxin (pt) were similar in pattern, and antibody titers reached values equal to those from patients with convalescent-stage pertussis. the fha-induced dna synthesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was maximum at 4 weeks after the primary s ... | 1991 | 1995729 |
| further analysis of the sequence of the s1 subunit of pertussis toxin. | the two published sequences of the pertussis toxin operon differ in 3 bp in the s1 subunit gene. in this report, we provide evidence that bordetella pertussis strains are able to produce active pertussis toxin only when they contain one of the two possible nucleotide sequences. | 1991 | 1997420 |
| nmr and circular dichroic studies on the solution conformation of a synthetic peptide derived from the calmodulin-binding domain of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase. | the solution conformation of a synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids (p235-254) derived from the calmodulin-binding domain of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase was studied by proton two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy and circular dichroism. based on the standard techniques we have assigned all the resonances in the nmr spectrum to the corresponding protons of the peptide. analysis of the secondary chemical shift distribution and of the nuclear overhauser effect connectivities showed no evidence ... | 1991 | 2001708 |
| diagnostic value of clinical and bacteriological findings in pertussis. | clinical and bacteriological findings in the diagnosis of pertussis were evaluated in 300 consecutive patients with parental or the patient's own suspicion of the disease. serology was used as a reference method. of the 285 (95%) patients fully sampled, 163 (57%) were diagnosed as having pertussis while the remaining 122 patients constituted the non-pertussis control group. the clinical and epidemiological data were collected at the first visit made on median day seven of illness. in this popula ... | 1991 | 2002229 |
| purification and immunological characterization of a groel-like protein from bordetella pertussis. | a groel-like protein from bordetella pertussis was purified. this protein was found to have the tetradecameric subunit structure typical of the groel family of proteins and to contain epitopes similar to those of other members of this family, including a human groel-like protein. active immunization of neonatal mice with the b. pertussis groel-like protein provided little protection against an aerosol challenge with b. pertussis. antibodies to this protein were elicited in mice by a standard dip ... | 1991 | 2004820 |
| recombinant human acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit induces chronic experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. | a synthetic gene encoding the 210 n-terminal residues of the alpha-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (achr) of human skeletal muscle was cloned into an inducible expression plasmid to produce a fusion protein in high yield in escherichia coli. like native human achr, the recombinant human alpha 1-210 protein induced achr-binding, achr-modulating, and achr-blocking autoantibodies in rats when injected once intradermally as an emulsion in cfa, with bordetella pertussis vaccine as sup ... | 1991 | 2005394 |
| isolation and characterization of catalytic and calmodulin-binding domains of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase. | a truncated bordetella pertussis cya gene product was expressed in escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography on calmodulin-agarose. trypsin cleavage of the 432-residue recombinant protein (mr = 46,659) generated two fragments of 28 kda and 19 kda. these fragments, each containing a single trp residue, were purified and analyzed for their catalytic and calmodulin-binding properties. the 28-kda peptide, corresponding to the n-terminal domain of the recombinant adenylate cyclase, exh ... | 1991 | 2007407 |
| identification of bordetella pertussis regulatory sequences required for transcriptional activation of the fhab gene and autoregulation of the bvgas operon. | transcription of numerous virulence genes in bordetella pertussis is positively regulated by the products of the bvgas genes. in this study a series of laczya fusions containing deletions in either the fhab or bvga promoter regions was used to identify cis-acting regulatory regions required for bvg activation of these two genes. gel retardation and dnase i protection analyses have shown that specific protein-dna interactions occur at these regulatory regions and that these interactions require t ... | 1991 | 2007557 |
| structural and functional analysis of the s1 subunit of pertussis toxin using synthetic peptides. | pertussis toxin (pt) is a major virulence factor of bordetella pertussis, and also an important protective antigen. pt is an oligomeric a-b type toxin in which the s1 subunit has the adp-ribosyltransferase activity whereas the b-oligomer mediates its binding to target cell receptors. to analyze the immunological properties of s1 and to generate probes to localize and characterize s1 functional domains, we synthesized four sets of peptides and peptide analogs corresponding to potentially critical ... | 1991 | 2017195 |
| [whooping cough in adults]. | within a period of four years the diagnosis of pertussis was made in 169 adults (105 women, 64 men; mean age 35.8 [18-79] years). based on symptoms, specific antibodies and bacteriological examination of nasopharyngeal swabs (in 53). the findings were compared with those obtained in a control group of 2,771 children (1,381 females, 1,390 males; mean age 4.3 years). in the adult the dominant symptom was persisting cough, at times convulsive, while the other symptoms, characteristic in children, o ... | 1991 | 2019239 |
| evaluation of serology and nasopharyngeal cultures for diagnosis of pertussis in a vaccine efficacy trial. | nasopharyngeal cultures and titer rises in paired sera were evaluated in a placebo-controlled pertussis vaccine efficacy trial. igg elisa for filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) identified 30 (88%) of 34 placebo recipients and 33 (89%) of 37 vaccine recipients with culture-verified bordetella pertussis infections, whereas igg elisa for pertussis toxin (pt) showed higher diagnostic sensitivity in the placebo group than in the vaccine groups. the cho cell assay did not improve sensitivity. children wi ... | 1991 | 2019753 |
| integrin-mediated localization of bordetella pertussis within macrophages: role in pulmonary colonization. | the adherence of bordetella pertussis to human respiratory cilia is critical to the pathogenesis of whooping cough but the significance of bacterial attachment to macrophages has not been determined. adherence to cilia and macrophages is mediated by two large, nonfimbrial bacterial proteins, filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), and pertussis toxin (pt). pt and fha both recognize carbohydrates on cilia and macrophages; fha also contains an arg-gly-asp (rgd) sequence which promotes bacterial associati ... | 1991 | 2022924 |
| an outbreak of whooping cough in a highly vaccinated urban community. | in 1950 a whole-cell pertussis vaccine was introduced in cape town and was followed by a marked decline in reported whooping cough mortality and morbidity. this resulted in reduced awareness of whooping cough as a clinical problem and, in recent years, no routine diagnostic tests for bordetella pertussis have been performed. an outbreak of whooping cough occurred in cape town between 1 june 1988, and 31 may 1989, with 292 children admitted to hospital for whooping cough during this period (hospi ... | 1991 | 2027168 |
| interaction of the bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin with heparin. | heparin, a glycosaminoglycan synthesized in connective tissue-mast cells, appeared to inhibit the hemagglutination of rabbit erythrocytes induced by the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), a major adhesin of bordetella pertussis. this inhibition suggested an interaction of heparin with the fha region responsible for the hemagglutination activity. fha-heparin interactions may play a role in bacterial attachment and persistence in the lungs during human pertussis. to confirm a direct fha-heparin inte ... | 1991 | 2032624 |
| experimental autoallergic sialadenitis in the lew rat. i. parameters of disease induction. | experimental autoallergic sialadenitis (eas) is an autoimmune mononuclear cell infiltration of the submandibular salivary gland that results in tissue destruction and glandular dysfunction. a previous report has described an animal model of induced eas in lew rats following sensitization with allogeneic wf submandibular gland (smg). the present study extends this observation to an eas disease model induced following sensitization of lew rats with syngeneic lew smg. furthermore, we describe the c ... | 1991 | 2036674 |
| acquisition of iron from transferrin by bordetella pertussis. | it has been demonstrated that under iron-restricted conditions bordetella pertussis can take up iron from human transferrin within 30 min of exposure. b. pertussis utilizes two mechanisms for acquiring iron from human transferrin, a direct contact method and a siderophore mediated system. both systems are shown to result in bacterial internalization of iron from transferrin. however, direct contact between b. pertussis and transferrin provides far more effective iron uptake than siderophore acti ... | 1991 | 2037235 |
| activity of temafloxacin against respiratory pathogens. | the activity of the quinolone temafloxacin against respiratory pathogens was compared with those of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. mics for 90% of strains tested indicated that temafloxacin was at least two- to fourfold more potent than the other two quinolones against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, and legionella pneumophila. temafloxacin had potency equal to that of ciprofloxacin and was twofold more active than ofloxacin against streptococcus pyogenes. moraxella catarrhalis, a ... | 1991 | 2039192 |
| serotype variation in bordetella pertussis is governed by cis-acting elements. | bordetella pertussis contains two genes encoding the serospecific fimbrial subunit proteins 2 and 3 which are assembled into completed fimbriae, which elicit the formation of agglutinating antibodies. expression of these agglutinogens can vary independently of each other. a gene library from a b. pertussis strain (fimbrial serotype 0.3) was probed with an oligonucleotide probe specific for fimbrial subunit genes. three homologous genetic loci were identified; an active fim 3 gene, an inactive fi ... | 1991 | 2040439 |
| p.70 pertactin, an outer-membrane protein from bordetella parapertussis: cloning, nucleotide sequence and surface expression in escherichia coli. | the gene prn encoding the outer-membrane protein p.70 (pertactin) from bordetella parapertussis has been cloned in escherichia coli and its dna sequence determined. analysis of the dna sequence reveals that the gene has an open reading frame comprising 922 amino acids capable of encoding a protein with a molecular weight of 95,177 (p.95). in vivo processing of this precursor yields a protein with an estimated mr of 70 kda (p.70) which is located on the surface of b. parapertussis. homology betwe ... | 1991 | 2041476 |
| high level heterologous expression in e. coli using mutant forms of the lac promoter. | single base deletions in the lac promoter which reduced the 18bp spacing between the -35 and -10 homology regions to 17bp, increased the strength of the promoter. a single base substitution (t----g) in the -35 region to generate the consensus sequence ttg-aca increased the strength further and no longer required a 17bp spacing. the mutated lac promoter was as powerful as a shorter form of the tac promoter which lacked two at-rich regions upstream of the -35 region, and expressed the p69 surface ... | 1991 | 2041779 |
| comparison of cyclodextrin solid medium containing blood with bordet-gengou medium for growth of bordetella pertussis phase i organisms. | | 1991 | 2042395 |
| the morphologic and immunophenotypic assessment of the lymphocytosis accompanying bordetella pertussis infection. | bordetella pertussis (bp) infection in infants and young children can be associated with a significant increase in small lymphocytes with convoluted and cleaved nuclei (slccn) in the peripheral blood (pb). buffy coat smears were studied that were prepared from the pb of 11 children with documented bp infection, whose ages ranged from one month to four years. the white blood cell count ranged from 8.4 to 72.9 x 10(9)/l, with a mean of 28.6 x 10(9)/l. in all cases, the percentage of pb lymphocytes ... | 1991 | 2042590 |
| a sensitive method for measuring neutralizing antibodies to bordetella pertussis toxin: optimized adp-ribosylation of transducin. | pertussis toxin (pt), preactivated with 20 mm dithiothreitol (dtt), was incubated with different serum dilutions (1/10-1/200) before addition to the reaction mixture. final concentrations of the reagents were: pt (50 ng/ml), dithiothreitol (dtt)(less than or equal to 0.3 mm), bovine transducin (2 micrograms/ml), atp (1 mm). gtp (1 mm), lysophosphatidylcholine (ltc) (0.1 mg/ml), sodium acetate (naac) (0.1 m), tris-hcl, ph 7.1 (0.06 m) and 32p-nad+ (10 microci 28 ci/mm). the reaction was stopped b ... | 1991 | 2049177 |
| functional consequences of single amino acid substitutions in calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase of bordetella pertussis. | calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase of bordetella pertussis and bacillus anthracis are two cognate bacterial toxins. three short regions of 13-24 amino acid residues in these proteins exhibit between 66 and 80% identity. site-directed mutagenesis of four residues in b. pertussis adenylate cyclase situated in the second (asp188, asp190) and third (his298, glu301) segments of identity were accompanied by important decrease, or total loss, of enzyme activity. the calmodulin-binding properties of ... | 1991 | 2050107 |
| a 23-kilodalton protein, distinct from bvga, expressed by virulent bordetella pertussis binds to the promoter region of vir-regulated toxin genes. | bordetella pertussis coordinately regulates expression of its virulence factors in response to changing environmental conditions. these factors include pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase toxin, and the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha). the vir (or bvg) locus has been shown genetically to be required for this coordinate regulation. we have attempted to study the biochemical basis for coordinate regulation. dna promoter deletion studies from other laboratories have shown that two tandem 20-bp repea ... | 1991 | 2050404 |
| participation of lipid peroxidation in rat pertussis vaccine pleurisy. iii. thiobarbituric acid (tba) reactant and lysosomal enzyme. | activity of lysosomal enzymes, such as n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (nag), was assayed in exudate on a rat model of bordetella pertussis vaccine pleurisy. thiobarbituric acid (tba)-reactive substances (tba.r) and superoxide dismutase (sod) activity were then monitored in the exudate on the acute phase response in this inflammatory model. retention of the exudate in the pleural space increased rapidly after the challenge, and the exudate volume at 24 h reached about three times the volume at 6 ... | 1991 | 2054877 |
| biologic and protective properties of the 69-kda outer membrane protein of bordetella pertussis: a novel formulation for an acellular pertussis vaccine. | a combination of the 69-kda outer membrane protein and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), both isolated from lymphocytosis promoting factor (lpf; pertussis toxin) minus mutants of bordetella pertussis, is protective in the mouse intracerebral challenge potency (kendrick) test. a combination of the same 69-kda protein and lpf is approximately 15 times less effective. these data suggest that, surprisingly, the 69-kda protein in tandem with fha is the most relevant combination for mouse protection; c ... | 1991 | 2056199 |