| b.cat confirm, a rapid test for confirmation of branhamella catarrhalis. | b.cat confirm (scott laboratories, inc., fiskeville, r.i.), a rapid test for detection of tributyrin hydrolysis, was evaluated for its ability to identify strains of branhamella catarrhalis and to differentiate them from neisseria species and related species. on initial testing, b.cat confirm was positive for 65 (96%) of 68 b. catarrhalis strains within 30 min after inoculation. retesting of the remaining three strains resulted in their correct identification. b.cat confirm was negative for all ... | 1989 | 2501344 |
| wound infection caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from sputum, tracheal secretions, and a nonhealing and infected thoracic surgical wound in a 59-year-old woman who had a history of a chronic, interstitial fibrosis and who had undergone an open lung biopsy procedure. the patient's upper respiratory tract was the likely source of the organism. to our knowledge, this is the first report of a wound infection caused by b. catarrhalis. | 1989 | 2501347 |
| identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative bacteria with the microscan haemophilus-neisseria identification panel. | the haemophilus-neisseria identification (hnid) panel (american microscan, sacramento, calif.) is a 4-h microdilution format system for identification of haemophilus and neisseria spp., branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis, and gardnerella vaginalis. the hnid panel was evaluated by using 423 clinical isolates and stock strains of these organisms, and hnid identifications were compared with those obtained by conventional methods. in addition, 32 isolates representing six genera not included in the ... | 1989 | 2501351 |
| phenotypic characteristics of branhamella catarrhalis strains. | isolates of branhamella catarrhalis from 13 patients with pneumonia, 6 patients with tracheobronchitis, and 8 patients who were colonized with the organism were studied with respect to susceptibility to the bactericidal action of normal human serum (nhs), glass slide hemagglutination (ha) of group o human erythrocytes, beta-lactamase production, and susceptibility to selected antimicrobial agents and laboratory drugs. a total of 18 of 27 isolates were serum resistant, 22 of 27 produced ha, and 2 ... | 1989 | 2501353 |
| evaluation of restriction endonuclease analysis as an epidemiologic typing system for branhamella catarrhalis. | restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) was evaluated as an epidemiologic typing tool to distinguish branhamella catarrhalis strains. fourteen beta-lactamase-producing strains were collected over a 16-month period at a hospital where a nosocomial outbreak of this organism was previously documented by rea. rea produced 12 distinct patterns which correlated with epidemiologic data. chromosomal rea appears to be a useful technique for distinguishing b. catarrhalis strains. | 1989 | 2501355 |
| [role of normal microflora in the throat in inhibition of adherence of pathogenic bacteria to host cells: in vitro competitive adherence between corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and branhamella catarrhalis]. | our previous study showed the occurrence of branhamella catarrhalis (b. catarrhalis) pulmonary infections which varies seasonally. to investigate the role of normal throat microflora in this seasonal variation of the occurrence of b. catarrhalis infection, seventy seven throat cultures were done in 45 patients with chronic pulmonary diseases from january to december in 1985. the isolation rate of corynebacterium species as normal microflora was relatively higher in summer than in winter. therefo ... | 1989 | 2501428 |
| bacterial pneumonia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is associated with abnormalities of humoral immunity that result in an increased incidence of bacterial pneumonia. from 2% to 10% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-associated pneumonia is caused by encapsulated bacteria. clinical features are usually typical of community-acquired pneumonia and include fever, productive cough, and chest pain. focal radiographic infiltrates, an elevated wbc count, and mild hypoxemia are commonly observed. str ... | 1989 | 2501846 |
| nasopharyngeal culture with quantitative analysis of pathogenes in chronic otitis media with effusion. effects on pathogen yield of different swabs and transport methods. | the influence of different swabs and transport media on nasopharyngeal culture pathogen recovery has been studied in patients with chronic otitis media with effusion. transport times of less than two hours have been used. protecting the cotton wire swab with a polyethylene shealth to prevent contamination by nasal flora did not have any significant influence either on the recovery of potential pathogens or on the contaminating nasal flora. facilitating a quantitative analysis of the nasopharynge ... | 1989 | 2502161 |
| identification of branhamella catarrhalis in 2.5 min with an indoxyl butyrate strip test. | branhamella catarrhalis, an occasional cause of human respiratory infections, unlike most other members of the family neisseriaceae, produces a butyrate esterase. this is capable of breaking the ester linkage between butyryl groups and carrier molecules. b. caviae and b. ovis, which are rarely encountered in pathological specimens, also produce butyrate esterase. this property can be used as a rapid test in the identification of b. catarrhalis. the recently reported rapid test for butyrate ester ... | 1989 | 2502561 |
| clinical and bacteriologic features of chronic sinusitis in children. | the clinical and bacteriologic aspects of chronic sinusitis in childhood were studied. of 35 children who underwent surgical procedures for chronic sinusitis, 22 had positive bacteriologic cultures of aspirates from the sinus. the most common organisms isolated were haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and branhamella catarrhalis. five of eight s pneumoniae strains were relatively resistant to penicillin and resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. all of the b catarrhalis and 20 ... | 1989 | 2502908 |
| susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis to tetracyclines. | | 1989 | 2503485 |
| the role of beta-lactamase in mixed infections in mice in relation to treatment with ampicillin. | beta-lactamase-producing staphylococcus aureus and bacteroides fragilis in a localized mixed infection has been found to degrade the beta-lactam antibiotic at the focus of infection, thus protecting both the bacteria and pathogens susceptible to the antibiotic. to determine if beta-lactamase produced by hemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis have similar importance in mixed infections, a thread infection model in mice was used to evaluate the capacity of beta-lactamase produced by s. ... | 1989 | 2503565 |
| antimicrobial activity of ro 23-9424, a novel ester-linked codrug of fleroxacin and desacetylcefotaxime. | ro 23-9424 is a novel ester-linked codrug of fleroxacin (ro 23-6240; am-833) and the cefotaxime metabolite desacetylcefotaxime. its potency was determined against over 1,000 organisms and found to be intermediate between those of the two components. more than 99% of members of the family enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by greater than or equal micrograms of ro 23-9424 per ml; its mic for 50% of strains tested ranged from greater than or equal to 0.06 to 1 micrograms/ml. staphylococci, streptoc ... | 1989 | 2504106 |
| branhamella keratoconjunctivitis. | a young male complained of monocular diplopia for over a year. ophthalmic evaluation revealed gross corneal pannus in both eyes and clinical findings precipitated treatment for chronic chlamydial eye disease. the definitive pathogen isolated from both eyes was branhamella catarrhalis. a cause of otitis media, sinusitis, and lower respiratory infections, branhamella is a rare, opportunistic ocular pathogen which may be associated with meibomian gland dysfunction. | 1989 | 2504803 |
| [clinical studies on the secondary bacterial infection in respiratory syncytial virus infection of children]. | secondary bacterial infection was studied on 231 children admitted with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the 10 years since 1987. of the 231 children, 56 (24.2%) had dual bacterial infection possibly due to secondary bacterial invasion. the diagnoses of bacterial disease were sepsis (2), pyothorax (2), pneumonias (41), otitis media (7), nasopharyngitis (2) and urinary tract infection (2). dual bacterial infections were more frequent in infants and children over 6 months than in inf ... | 1989 | 2504838 |
| [respiratory tract infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis in outpatients with pneumoconiosis]. | to investigate the occurrence of branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infections in 109 outpatients with pneumoconiosis, clinical and bacteriological studies were performed during a 4-year period from april 1984 to march 1988. b. catarrhalis was isolated in 26 patients; only three of these received continuous corticosteroid treatment. the incidence of b. catarrhalis respiratory tract infections increased gradually during the years 1984-1986, but decreased for the first time in 1987 compared ... | 1989 | 2506294 |
| [in vitro comparative activity of five macrolides against 190 branhamella catarrhalis strains]. | we compared the in vitro activity of 5 macrolides against 190 strains of branhamella catarrhalis; 48 strains were isolated at centre hospitalier, aix-en-provence, the 142 others were isolated during 1987, in 15 different centres-hospitaliers-généraux in france. 153 strains were betalactamase producing strains; no difference in susceptibility to erythromycin was observed on betalactamase producing and non producing strains. three active macrolides against 100% of strains were: erythromycin (mic 5 ... | 1989 | 2506512 |
| [in vitro activity of miocamycin compared with four other macrolides and with pristinamycin against branhamella catarrhalis]. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of miocamycin was compared with four other macrolides (erythromycin, roxithromycin, josamycin, spiramycin) and pristinamycin against 90 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations. sixty three strains were producing penicillinase. fourteen carbons macrolides and pristinamycin are more effective than sixteen carbons macrolides. in this group, miocamycin have the best activity. there were no significant diff ... | 1989 | 2506513 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections]. | given the increasing interest that branhamella catarrhalis is acquiring as a possible pathogen of the respiratory tract, we have studied 81 sputum samples of patients with respiratory problems with the aim of evaluating its clinical significance. in 22 of these patients (27.2%) the implication of b. catarrhalis could be established, either as a primary pathogen (40.9%) or in association with other pathogens, especially with haemophilus influenzae (36.4%). chronic bronchitis and bronchopneumonia ... | 1989 | 2506614 |
| effect of age on adherence of branhamella catarrhalis to buccal epithelial cells. | the role of adherence in the pathogenicity of branhamella catarrhalis in lower respiratory tract infection in the elderly was investigated. differential adherence of this organism to buccal epithelial cells of elderly inpatients, outpatients, and young controls was measured. the mean number of bacteria adherent per cell was 36.9 +/- 11.2, 40.2 +/- 6.1 and 16.5 +/- 12.8 for inpatient and outpatient elderly and young controls respectively (significantly different p less than 0.01, student's t test ... | 1989 | 2507402 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis--a pathogen or an innocent bystander]. | | 1989 | 2507424 |
| branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia: report of 4 cases. | this is the first time branhamella catarrhalis has been identified as a lower respiratory tract pathogen in taiwan. all 4 patients with b. catarrhalis pneumonia reported herein had a certain degree of underlying pulmonary dysfunction. two patients had pure b. catarrhalis infection, whilst the other two had concomitant infections with haemophilus influenzae or viridans streptococci. amongst the 3 strains of b. catarrhalis examined, all were capable of producing beta-lactamase. by using the kirby- ... | 1989 | 2507737 |
| branhamella catarrhalis bronchopulmonary isolates in picu patients. | branhamella catarrhalis is commonly considered a respiratory commensal but has recently been implicated as a pathogen, particularly in adults. over a 28 month period, b. catarrhalis was isolated from bronchopulmonary secretions of 14 picu patients with acute respiratory infections. twelve patients had pneumonia and two had tracheitis. the mean age was 3.5 years. seven patients had chronic cardiopulmonary disease including two who were immunosuppressed. three had an acute underlying condition and ... | 1989 | 2508048 |
| branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia with bacteremia. | a woman with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease developed pneumonia and bacteremia from branhamella catarrhalis. this is only the fifth reported case of pneumonia with bacteremia due to this organism, which was previously considered normal upper airway flora. | 1989 | 2508240 |
| [nosocomial pulmonary infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis in intensive care units]. | branhamella catarrhalis, a normal inhabitant of the human nasopharynx, is an opportunistic agent that usually infects patients with underlying diseases. b. catarrhalis has become increasingly recognized as an important respiratory pathogen. from november 1985 to february 1988 we have diagnosed four b. catarrhalis nosocomial pulmonary infections in the adult pulmonary intensive care unit (icu) and eight in the pediatric icu. the origin of the contamination has remained unproven because of the lac ... | 1989 | 2508505 |
| respiratory symptoms due to branhamella catarrhalis and other neisseria species infections--response to erythromycin therapy. | neisseria microorganisms (neisseria lactamica, neisseria sicca, and neisseria mucosa) are regarded as normal respiratory commensals. branhamella catarrhalis (formerly neisseria catarrhalis) has also been regarded as a normal respiratory commensal, but reports indicate that it can be pathogenic. the role of neisseria spp was studied in 160 patients with chest infections and symptoms and signs of obstructive respiratory disease. group i patients (n = 140) had a history of asthma, bronchitis, and e ... | 1989 | 2509070 |
| a note on susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis to heavy metals. | the susceptibility of 56 strains of branhamella catarrhalis and ten neisseria spp. to arsenate, silver, nickel, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt and molybdenum was tested with an agar dilution technique. all but two strains of b. catarrhalis were resistant to multiple metal ions. there were not sufficient differences in susceptibility, however, to allow the development of a typing scheme based on resistograms. heavy metal resistance in branhamella was unrelated to beta-l ... | 1989 | 2509410 |
| mixed bacterial and viral infections are common in children. | acute phase and convalescent sera from 51 pediatric patients who had a documented viral infection and no obvious culture-confirmed bacterial infection such as meningitis, otitis media or urinary tract infection were tested by enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis and by the latex agglutination test for pneumococcal antigens to evaluate the frequency of mixed bacterial and viral infections. a mixed bacterial and viral infection was documented in 1 ... | 1989 | 2510121 |
| branhamella catarrhalis infections. | | 1989 | 2510484 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of bo-1341, a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin. | bo-1341, a new antipseudomonal semisynthetic cephalosporin, was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone. the in vitro activity of bo-1341 was generally superior or comparable to the activities of the reference antibiotics against clinical isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae. bo-1341 was highly active against pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic for 90% of the strains tested, 1.56 micrograms/ml), pseudomonas maltophilia ... | 1989 | 2510590 |
| tetracycline and erythromycin resistance among clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. | we reviewed tetracycline and erythromycin disk diffusion susceptibility of 457 isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. four isolates were resistant to tetracycline, with mics for two available isolates of 16 micrograms/ml. sixteen isolates were in the moderately susceptible range for erythromycin, with an mic for one available isolate being greater than 8 micrograms/ml. these are the first tetracycline- and (by mic) erythromycin-resistant b. catarrhalis isolates reported from the united states. | 1989 | 2510597 |
| comparative evaluation of cefuroxime axetil and cefaclor for treatment of acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis. | cefuroxime axetil, a new beta-lactamase-stable cephalosporin, was compared with cefaclor for the treatment of acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis in 106 adult patients. direct sinus aspirations for quantitative bacterial culture were done for all patients before treatment; aspiration was repeated for most patients after treatment. pretreatment sinus aspirates were positive for 63 of 134 sampled sinuses. of specimens yielding at least 10(4) cfu/ml, haemophilus influenzae (38%) and streptococcus p ... | 1989 | 2510772 |
| interaction between streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis obtained from double-colonized, healthy nasopharynx and double-infected, diseased middle ear cavity. | streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis were obtained from the double-colonized nasopharynx of 3 healthy carriers and from the double-infected middle ear cavity of 3 patients suffering from acute otitis media. the bacterial strains were isolated and injected both separately and together into brain-heart infusion broth. separately injected, both s. pneumoniae and b. catarrhalis survived in the broth for at least 48 h. when injected together, b. catarrhalis was completely suppressed a ... | 1989 | 2511622 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral penem alp-201 against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of the new penem derivative alp-201 against 226 aerobic and 350 anaerobic clinical bacterial isolates was determined using agar dilution techniques. for comparison amoxicillin, cefaclor, ceftazidime, doxycycline, erythromycin, imipenem and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were also tested with aerobic bacteria, and cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, imipenem, metronidazole and piperacillin with anaerobic bacteria. alp-201 was found to be highly active against escherichia ... | 1989 | 2512142 |
| the significance of branhamella catarrhalis in bronchopulmonary infection--a case-control study. | data, including clinical features of bronchopulmonary infections, i.e. cough with purulent sputum, fever, peripheral blood leucocytosis, patchy pulmonary shadows on chest radiographs and the presence of crepitations or dullness on examination of the chest, were prospectively recorded in 107 consecutive adult patients whose expectorated sputum yielded branhamella-like bacterial colonies in routine cultures. subsequently, isolates from 26 patients were confirmed to be branhamella catarrhalis. of 8 ... | 1989 | 2513358 |
| branhamella catarrhalis as a cause of acute purulent pericarditis. | | 1989 | 2513360 |
| esterase electrophoresis: a molecular tool for studying the epidemiology of branhamella catarrhalis nosocomial infection. | a new epidemiologic typing method based on electrophoresis of esterases had been developed for differentiating between clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. twenty-two epidemiologically significant strains obtained from three chest units, a paediatric intensive care unit and a paediatric unit were compared with 54 randomly selected strains and 4 reference strains, including the species type strain, atcc 25238. thirty-four distinct zymotypes were characterized by polyacrylamide-agarose ge ... | 1989 | 2514110 |
| presence of branhamella catarrhalis alters the survival of streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae in middle ear effusion: an in vitro study. | viable and non-viable b. catarrhalis were mixed together with s. pneumoniae and h. influenzae and injected into non-bacterial mucoid effusion material collected from the middle ear of patients with a present secretory otitis media. the samples were incubated at 37 degrees c. presence of viable b. catarrhalis could evidently prolong the survival of both s. pneumoniae and h. influenzae. presence of non-viable b. catarrhalis could also enhance the growth of s. pneumoniae, but not h. influenzae. in ... | 1989 | 2514235 |
| bacterial tracheitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | | 1989 | 2514416 |
| bro beta-lactamases of branhamella catarrhalis and moraxella subgenus moraxella, including evidence for chromosomal beta-lactamase transfer by conjugation in b. catarrhalis, m. nonliquefaciens, and m. lacunata. | two closely related beta-lactamases, bro-1 and bro-2 (formerly called ravasio and 1908), are found in moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. we screened strains of b. catarrhalis recovered in the united states since 1952 and identified the first beta-lactamase-positive isolate in august 1976. the prevalence of the enzymes among 394 clinical isolates from one texas hospital has averaged 75% since testing began in 1983. screening of isolates of moraxella subgenus moraxella revealed the bro enzymes i ... | 1989 | 2514622 |
| the comparative activity of lomefloxacin (sc-47111, ny-198) and other orally absorbable agents against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | we compared the in vitro activity of lomefloxacin with that of other agents against 336 strains of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis isolated from the respiratory tract of a predominantly adult and in-patient population. h. influenzae strains were usually not serotypable. no strains were resistant to lomefloxacin; all strains tested were susceptible to 0.25 micrograms/ml. the lomefloxacin mic50 and mic90 was 0.125 micrograms/ml. | 1989 | 2515026 |
| colonization with potentially pathogenic respiratory tract bacteria. a household study. | a group of 235 persons (180 adults and 55 children 0-15 years old) recorded symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection daily during two three-month periods (autumn 1986 and spring 1987). samples for culture were taken from the nasopharynx and throat once during each period. fifteen per cent of asymptomatic subjects harboured respiratory pathogens in the nasopharynx, as did 28% of those subjects with minor respiratory tract infections and 46% of those with more severe respiratory tract infecti ... | 1989 | 2516640 |
| bronchiolitis like presentation of branhamella catarrhalis bronchopulmonary infection. | | 1989 | 2517124 |
| [laboratory and clinical studies on clarithromycin in the field of pediatrics]. | laboratory and clinical studies on clarithromycin (te-031, a-56268), a new macrolide antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics. the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. serum concentrations, urinary concentrations and urinary recovery rates were determined upon oral administration on fasting of te-031 at doses of 5 mg/kg granules in 1 case and tablets in 2 cases, and 10 mg/kg granules in 1 and 15 mg/kg granules in 1. peak serum levels were obtained at 30 minutes in 2 case ... | 1989 | 2526245 |
| [clinical evaluation of clarithromycin in pediatric patients]. | a clinical evaluation of clarithromycin (te-031, a-56268), a newly synthesized macrolide antibiotic, was made for its efficacy and safety in 30 patients with ages ranging from 8 month-old to 12 year- 2 month-old with mycoplasmal and bacterial infections. the obtained results are summarized below. 1. a pharmacokinetic study following oral administration of te-031 at 10 mg/kg (granule) or 5.5 mg/kg (tablet) resulted in blood concentrations and urinary recovery rates higher than with other macrolid ... | 1989 | 2526247 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on clarithromycin in the pediatric field. pediatric study group of clarithromycin]. | clarithromycin (te-031, a-56268), a new macrolide antibiotic agent, was evaluated bacteriologically and clinically for its efficacy and safety in pediatrics by a study group organized with pediatricians from all over the country. a summary of the results of the evaluation is as follows. 1. absorption and excretion pharmacokinetics of te-031 was examined by single oral administration of 10% granules and 50 mg tablets at doses of 1, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg. there were no significant differences between ... | 1989 | 2526259 |
| [cefotetan in the therapy of respiratory infections. multicenter research]. | in a controlled multicenter trial 291 patients have been treated with cefotetan. they suffered from acute or chronic exacerbated bronchopulmonary disorders. in 110 patients it was possible to identify the etiological agent: enterobacteria (62), non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli (10), haemophilus influenzae (8), branhamella catarrhalis (1), streptococcus pneumoniae (19), staphylococcus aureus (12), streptococcus pyogenes (4). in the exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (203), cefotetan was ge ... | 1989 | 2530028 |
| [in vitro effect of cefixime against 200 strains of branhamella catarrhalis. comparison with cefotaxime]. | the in vitro activity of cefixime was tested against 200 strains of branhamella catarrhalis. of these strains, 146 had been collected during 1987 from 15 different "centres hospitaliers généraux", through a multicenter collaborative investigation organized by the "collège de bactériologie-virologie-hygiène des hôpitaux généraux". the remaining 54 strains were isolated at the "centre hospitalier", of aix-en-provence. the strains originated from: bronchopulmonary collections: 80.2 per cent, sinusi ... | 1989 | 2530531 |
| rapid detection of bordetella pertussis by a monoclonal antibody-based colony blot assay. | monoclonal antibodies to bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) and lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used in a colony blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay designed for rapid detection of b. pertussis. bacterial colonies from bordet-gengou agar plates were blotted onto nitrocellulose filter disks, lysed by immersion in chloroform, and reacted with monoclonal antibodies. following reaction with peroxidase-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin antisera and 4-chloro-1-naphthol, bl ... | 1989 | 2542357 |
| comparative analysis of the transferrin and lactoferrin binding proteins in the family neisseriaceae. | intact cells of several bacterial species were tested for their ability to bind human transferrin and lactoferrin by a solid-phase binding assay using horseradish peroxidase conjugated transferrin and lactoferrin. the ability to bind lactoferrin was detected in all isolates of neisseria and branhamella catarrhalis but not in isolates of escherichia coli or pseudomonas aeruginosa. transferrin-binding activity was similarly detected in most isolates of neisseria and branhamella but not in e. coli ... | 1989 | 2543489 |
| azithromycin (cp-62,993) in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: an open clinical, microbiological and pharmacokinetic study. | a group of 21 patients admitted to hospital with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis was treated for five days with a new oral macrolide azithromycin. they received one dose of 500 mg on the first day, followed by 250 mg once daily thereafter. pre-treatment sputum cultures were typical for this district, but the cultures during and after treatment showed many haemophilus influenzae infections persisting. geometric mean mics of azithromycin for these organisms rose from 1.23 mg/l ( ... | 1989 | 2547747 |
| [a minor epidemic of pertussis cough in brno]. | in the course of six months the authors investigated 32 children aged 1-32 months with pertussoid cough. this number included one child where pertussis was confirmed in a 25-month-old properly vaccinated child and parapertussis in an 8-month-old incompletely vaccinated infant. in the remaining children by cultivation or serological examination a different aetiology was found (rs virus, adenovirus, parainfluenza 2, m. pneumoniae, h. influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis). | 1989 | 2551513 |
| comparative in vitro activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and ticarcillin-clavulanate. | the in vitro activities of ticarcillin, piperacillin, clavulanic acid, tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and piperacillin-tazobactam against 819 bacterial isolates were compared. the two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and tazobactam, had little useful antibacterial activity but enhanced the activities of the penicillins against beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus; all strains were su ... | 1989 | 2552904 |
| studies to optimize the in vitro testing of piperacillin combined with tazobactam (ytr 830). | the combination of piperacillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (formerly ytr 830) was studied to determine optimal disk concentrations and dilution testing conditions. in addition, the potency of the combination was compared to that of piperacillin alone. the spectrum of piperacillin was greatly expanded by the addition to tazobactam principally against beta-lactamase producing strains of haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, providencia st ... | 1989 | 2560422 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil in the pediatric field]. | bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil (cpdx-pr, cs-807), a new oral cephem antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics. the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. antibacterial activities of r-3746 (na-salt of cefpodoxime (cpdx] against clinically isolated strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, branhamella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and haemophilus ... | 1989 | 2562789 |
| the surface of branhamella catarrhalis: a systematic approach to the surface antigens of an emerging pathogen. | the incidence of b. catarrhalis as a cause of otitis media is increasing. as strategies for preventing infections caused by streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypable h. influenzae are developed, the relative importance of b. catarrhalis will increase further in the next decade. a goal of studies of surface antigens is to identify potential vaccine components. surface antigens of b. catarrhalis include omps, los and fimbriae. preliminary studies indicate that omps and los are relatively antigenical ... | 1989 | 2564660 |
| nosocomial branhamella catarrhalis in a paediatric intensive care unit: risk factors for disease. | there have been few reports on branhamella catarrhalis as a nosocomial pathogen, and no risk factors for nosocomial infection have been identified. we report 11 cases (mean age 22 months) of nosocomial branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infection in a paediatric intensive care unit (picu) over a two-year period. there were 2 cases of pneumonia and 9 cases of bronchitis. branhamella catarrhalis was the sole isolate recovered in 6 cases and was associated with other respiratory pathogens in ... | 1989 | 2567760 |
| intravenous/oral ciprofloxacin versus ceftazidime in the treatment of serious infections. | seventy-one adult patients with 72 infections were treated, by random selection, with intravenous/oral ciprofloxacin or intravenously administered ceftazidime. twenty-seven additional patients with 29 infections who were not appropriate for random assignment were treated in an open study with intravenously administered ciprofloxacin only; the latter infections were generally more serious or were caused by ceftazidime-resistant organisms. the most common doses were ciprofloxacin, 200 mg intraveno ... | 1989 | 2589361 |
| should novobiocin be clinically re-evaluated? | the current novobiocin spectrum of antimicrobial activity was evaluated by testing 585 staphylococci (393 oxacillin-resistant) and 779 other bacterial strains. novobiocin inhibited 98.5% of all staphylococcal isolates (mic 90, 0.25 micrograms/ml) and a significant number of other gram-positive species at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. pathogenic neisseria, haemophilus influenzae, and branhamella catarrhalis were also very susceptible to novobiocin, e.g., mic 100, less than or equal to 1 m ... | 1989 | 2591171 |
| comparison of the nasal bacterial floras in two groups of healthy subjects and in patients with acute maxillary sinusitis. | the nasal bacterial flora was studied in 183 healthy men entering military service (entry group), 103 healthy recruits in service (service group), and 185 recruits with acute maxillary sinusitis. the 267 nasal and ipsilateral sinus aspirate findings in the same patients with acute maxillary sinusitis were compared pairwise. in the entry group presumed sinus pathogens were only rarely isolated from the nasal cavities: haemophilus influenzae in 4%, streptococcus pneumoniae in 1%, branhamella catar ... | 1989 | 2592539 |
| clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of moderately severe bacterial infections. | 20 patients with moderately severe bacterial infections were studied to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of parenteral sulbactam/ampicillin. there were 9 female and 11 male patients. their mean age was 51 years. 8 patients had pneumonia, 5 urinary tract infection, 4 cellulitis of the leg and 3 had pustular tonsillitis. 85% of patients had resolution of fever and symptoms within 48 hours of commencing treatment. 95% had successful treatment outcome. the organisms isolated included e. co ... | 1989 | 2609176 |
| [detection of chlamydia trachomatis antigen for diagnosis of respiratory infection i. cross reaction with bacteriae consisting normal flora respiratory tract]. | we examined the cross reaction of chlamydia trachomatis (c. trachomatis) by antigen detection method using eia against the aerobic bacteria which colonize in the respiratory tract of children. chlamydiazyme showed a cross reaction among 5 out of 7 species of gram negative bacteria (= 71.4%) and neisseria and branhamella catarrhalis showed a cross reaction even in low concentrations of 1 x 10(3-4) cfu/ml. there were no gram positive bacteria which showed cross reaction. ideia mark iii did not rea ... | 1989 | 2614091 |
| [therapy of chronic recurrent respiratory tract infections]. | in 1987, the most frequently identified pathogens in chronic respiratory tract infections in our clinic were haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, branhamella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae. recurrent infection is a common phenomenon in patients with chronic respiratory tract infections, including chronic bronchitis, chronic bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis. h. influenzae is the most common pathogen in such patients. macrolides, t ... | 1989 | 2615085 |
| [comparison of amoxicillin and amoxiclav in the therapy of respiratory infections]. | randomly hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections admitted to three pulmonary departments of the golnik institute for pulmonary diseases and tuberculosis were enrolled in an open, comparative clinical study of amoksiklav and amoxicillin. a group of 26 patients with a mean age of 64.5 years presenting with pneumonia (13), exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (12) and bronchiectasis (1) were given amoskilav, while another 20 patients with a mean age of 61.4 years presenting with pneum ... | 1989 | 2636405 |
| bacterial tracheitis in children. | we examined the records of 14 patients aged 7 months to 10 1/4 years who were treated for bacterial tracheitis from may 1982 to december 1987; the management protocol for 13 of the patients included the use of nasotracheal intubation. the infection was caused by staphylococcus aureus in seven, haemophilus influenzae in three, branhamella catarrhalis in one and streptococcus pneumoniae in one. both h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis were isolated in another patient, and no organism was found in the ... | 1989 | 2642395 |
| direct and indirect pathogenicity of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in mixed infections in children. | the recent emergence of numerous aerobic and anaerobic beta-lactamase-producing bacterial strains has been associated with an increase in the failure rate of penicillins in the therapy of infection caused by these organisms. these include respiratory tract, skin of soft tissue, female genital tract, intra-abdominal, and other miscellaneous infections. the important aerobic beta-lactamase-producing bacteria (blpb) include staphylococcus aureus, branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus sp., neisseria ... | 1989 | 2644068 |
| roxithromycin. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy. | roxithromycin is an acid-stable orally administered antibacterial macrolide structurally related to erythromycin. it has an in vitro antibacterial profile similar to that of erythromycin, with activity against staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, branhamella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, chlamydia trachomatis, gardnerella vaginalis, haemophilus ducreyi, some anaerobes and other less common pathogens. roxithromycin has a pharm ... | 1989 | 2651088 |
| clinical efficacy and tolerance of bacampicillin and amoxycillin suspensions in children with acute otitis media. | a total of 97 children with acute otitis media were entered into a single-blind, parallel-group study to compare the efficacy and tolerance of suspensions of bacampicillin, given twice daily, with amoxycillin, given three times daily. the daily dosage was about 40 mg/kg body weight in each case and the duration of treatment was 10 days. patients were examined before the start of treatment, at an early follow-up visit within 2-3 weeks after the start of treatment and at a late follow-up visit 4-6 ... | 1989 | 2651176 |
| clinical overview of enoxacin. | enoxacin is a new fluoroquinolone that will be available as oral and intravenous preparations. this drug is bactericidal for a wide range of organisms, including staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. in addition, neisseria gonorrhoeae is exquisitely susceptible, as is branhamella catarrhalis. the evaluation of the clinical activity of enoxacin is still relatively new, but published studies reveal a good deal of potential in the treatment of infecti ... | 1989 | 2653698 |
| review of the in-vitro spectrum and characteristics of cefmetazole (cs-1170). | the in-vitro antimicrobial qualities of cefmetazole are summarized from a review of over 30 publications. cefmetazole, a 7 alpha-methoxy cephalosporin, is shown to have an antimicrobial spectrum closely resembling cefoxitin's. however, cefmetazole is approximately two- to eight-fold more active than cefoxitin against commonly isolated species such as escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, staphylococcus aureus, pyogenic streptococci, pneumococci, and haemophilus influenzae. cefmet ... | 1989 | 2656622 |
| worldwide clinical experience with sultamicillin. | sultamicillin at an adult dose of 375-750 mg twice daily or a pediatric dose of 50 mg/kg/d provides effective outpatient/office therapy for community-acquired infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin/soft tissue structures. given the incidence of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in otitis media and the frequent occurrence of beta-lactamase-producing strains, it is particularly appropriate for the therapy of otitis media in infants and childre ... | 1989 | 2660868 |
| [fluoroquinolones: pharmacology, antibacterial spectrum and indications in pneumology]. | fluoroquinolones are antibiotics that act principally on dna gyrase. at the moment, resistance to these antibiotics is purely chromosome-mediated. as regards pharmacokinetics, these compounds have a high bioavailability and penetrate extremely well into tissues and cells. therapeutic concentrations are obtained in bronchial mucosa and lung tissue. in severe lower respiratory tract infections fluoroquinolones must be given in combination with other antibiotics to prevent the emergence of resistan ... | 1989 | 2662344 |
| [clinical studies on sulbactam/ampicillin in the field of pediatrics]. | during 8 months from october 1986 to may 1987, the clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin (sbt/abpc) was evaluated in 63 pediatric inpatients with various infections. clinical efficacies were evaluable in 58 patients among them (consisting of 2 patients with sepsis, 3 with tonsillitis, 12 with bronchitis, 6 with bronchopneumonia, 24 with pneumonia, 1 with phlegmon, 2 with lymphadenitis, 1 with impetigo and 7 with urinary tract infection) and were excellent in 40 patients and good in 17 with a ... | 1989 | 2664249 |
| [clinical evaluation of sulbactam/ampicillin in children]. | sulbactam/ampicillin (sbt/abpc), a combination at a fixed ratio of abpc and sbt which is an irreversible inhibitor of beta-lactamase in a 2:1 ratio, was clinically evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 24 patients with ages from 5 month-old to 12 years old with bacterial infection. the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. a pharmacokinetic study following 30 mg/kg sbt/abpc administration by 30 minutes drip infusion or intravenous bolus injection showed that mean half-lives of sbt an ... | 1989 | 2664251 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents. a study mainly focused on ofloxacin (the second report). reported by the research group for testing ofloxacin susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | susceptibilities of various clinical isolates to ofloxacin (oflx) and other antibacterial drugs were examined at 128 hospital laboratories in 36 prefectures throughout japan between april, 1986 and march, 1987. the results were totalized with an emphasis mainly on oflx and were compared with data obtained in the previous year. in this study, identification and susceptibility tests of the isolates were carried out at each hospital laboratory and the tests were performed according to the 1-dilutio ... | 1989 | 2664255 |
| inoculum effect. | the inoculum effect (ie) is a laboratory phenomenon that is described as a significant increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration of an antibiotic when the number of organisms inoculated is increased. the ie generally occurs with beta-lactam antibiotics in relation to beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. an ie occurs with the first- and second-generation cephalosporins against staphylococcus aureus and less often with the quinolones, beta-lactam-resistant penicillins, cefoxitin, and aminogly ... | 1989 | 2664999 |
| laboratory survey of fluoroquinolone activity. | fluoroquinolones are active against a wide variety of bacteria. the antibacterial spectra of fluoroquinolones encompass staphylococci, bacillus species, and corynebacterium species implicated in infections of the immunocompromised host; enterobacteriaceae; most intestinal pathogens; and many gram-negative organisms commonly causing nosocomial infections. haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus ducreyi, neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, and branhamella catarrhalis are highly susceptible ... | 1989 | 2672262 |
| comparative in vitro activity of a new quinolone, am-1091. | the in vitro activity of a new quinolone, am-1091 [7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro- 4-oxo- 3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrochloride], was compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, beta-lactams, and gentamicin. am-1091 inhibited 90% of the isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml. for many species am-1091 was 2-fold more active than ciprofloxacin and 2- to 32-fold more active than ofloxacin. it inhibited e ... | 1989 | 2675753 |
| test-retest reliability of the nasopharyngeal culture in children. | aspects of test-retest reliability of the nasopharyngeal culture were evaluated in children with otitis media and in ear, nose and throat (ent)-healthy children, in all 174 cases. the nasopharyngeal colonization of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis and beta-haemolytic streptococci was determined for a group of children with well-defined otitis media effusion (ome). the valitity of the results was then tested in a new group of children with ome. despite sea ... | 1989 | 2679807 |
| cefixime. a review of its antibacterial activity. pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. | cefixime, previously designated fk027, fr17027 and cl284635, is an orally active cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity in vitro. it is particularly active against many enterobacteriaceae, haemophilus influenzae. streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis, and is resistant to hydrolysis by many beta-lactamases. cefixime has little activity against staphylococcus aureus and is inactive against pseudomonas aeruginosa. cefixime is distinguish ... | 1989 | 2684593 |
| nonculture detection of haemophilus influenzae in sputum with monoclonal antibodies specific for outer membrane lipoprotein p6. | isolation of haemophilus influenzae from sputum is hampered by overgrowth by other microorganisms or by antibiotic treatment of the patient. to overcome this problem in the detection of h. influenzae, an in situ immunoperoxidase staining technique was developed with monoclonal antibody (mab) 8bd9, immunoglobulin subclass g2a. mab 8bd9 appeared to be directed to an epitope on the outer membrane lipoprotein p6 of h. influenzae. the species specificity of mab 8bd9 was analyzed by staining isolates ... | 1989 | 2685026 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity and susceptibility testing of ofloxacin. current status. | the fluoroquinolone, ofloxacin, exhibits a broad antibacterial spectrum. based on our data and a review of the literature, ofloxacin inhibited essentially 100 percent of staphylococci, including oxacillin-resistant strains, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis. ninety-five percent of enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ofloxacin. pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococci were less susceptible: 79 and 63 percent, respectively, were susceptible (minimal inhibitory con ... | 1989 | 2690614 |
| the concept of indirect pathogenicity by beta-lactamase production, especially in ear, nose and throat infection. | a recent increase in numbers of beta-lactamase-producing strains of aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative bacteria in upper respiratory tract infections has been associated with increased failure rates of penicillins in eradication of these infections. these organisms include staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis and bacteroides spp. these infections include chronic otitis media, chronic sinusitis and mastoiditis, and chronic recurrent tonsillitis. the indirect pat ... | 1989 | 2691486 |
| cefmetazole (cs-1170), a "new" cephamycin with a decade of clinical experience. | in vitro and in vivo study results were reviewed from cefmetazole, a "new" parenteral cephamycin. cefmetazole's spectrum of activity was comparable to that of second-generation cephalosporins, which includes clinical coverage of many enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus spp., streptococci, haemophilus spp., pathogenic neisseria, branhamella catarrhalis, and anaerobic bacteria. cefmetazole was generally more potent (two- to eightfold) than cefoxitin against organisms within their spectrums and was ... | 1989 | 2692950 |
| [susceptibility of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1986)]. | enlisting the help of various research institutions across the nation, ikemoto et al. have been pooling cultures of clinical isolates of respiratory tract infections and mapping out the correlations between patient backgrounds and the causative bacteria and the changes in the sensitivity spectra of the bacteria to various antibacterial and antibiotic agents annually since 1981. the following is a report of the 1986 findings. during the period from september, 1986 to march, 1987, 558 cases of res ... | 1989 | 2695657 |
| the prevention of severe lower respiratory infections in chronic bronchitis. | chronic bronchitis remains as a serious medical problem for many adults and a smaller proportion of children in the united states. the frequency of severe lower respiratory infections in patients with chronic bronchitis is quite variable. the infectious agents most likely responsible for severe lower respiratory disease include pneumococci, nontypable haemophilus influenza, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and branhamella catarrhalis among the bacteria, and influenza a and b viruses, with parainfluenza an ... | 1989 | 2697051 |
| [pertussis syndrome: study of 74 cases]. | pertussis syndrome controversy induced us to study 74 hospitalized patients, with pertussis cough and bordetella sp isolation in 29, other bacteria in 24 and viruses in 21. the most frequently isolated bacteria in the patients with negative culture for bordetella were haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis. the viruses with highest incidence were respiratory syncitial viruses. the negative culture for bordetella, the lack of antibiotherapy previous to obtent ... | 1989 | 2698068 |
| differentiation of some species of neisseriaceae and other bacterial groups by dna-dna hybridization. | dna-dna hybridization using total genomic dna probes may represent a way of differentiating between miscellaneous bacterial species. this was studied with type and reference strains of 20 species in moraxella, kingella, and other selected gram-negative groups. both radioactive and biotin labelling were employed. most of the species examined were easily distinguished, such as moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, m.(b.) ovis, m. atlantae, m. phenylpyruvica, m. osloensis, neisseria elongata, n. men ... | 1989 | 2730785 |
| comparative in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin and other unrelated antimicrobials against bacterial respiratory tract pathogens. | ciprofloxacin is a new fluorinated 4-quinolone with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity which includes both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. in this study the in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin has been determined against bacteria associated with respiratory tract infections and compared with that of other antimicrobial agents used in the therapy of such infections. ciprofloxacin (mic90 0.008 mg/l) was highly active against haemophilus influenzae, including isolates producing bet ... | 1989 | 2737080 |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefteram comparison with other oral antibiotics]. | antimicrobacterial activities of cefteram (cftm) against clinical isolates collected in 1988 were compared with those of new beta-lactams. 1. antibacterial activities of cftm against streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis isolated from acute respiratory tract infections were 8- to 16-fold higher than those of cefaclor (ccl). 2. activities of cefixime (cfix) were superior to those of cftm against b. catarrhalis, escherichia coli, klebsiel ... | 1989 | 2746861 |
| in vitro activities of a dual-action antibacterial agent, ro 23-9424, and comparative agents. | the in vitro activity of the dual-action antibacterial agent ro 23-9424 was compared with those of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, imipenem, and amikacin against 358 aerobes and anaerobes. the mic ranges, mics for 50 and 90% of the strains (mic50s and mic90s), and percentage of strains susceptible for each agent at the recommended susceptible mic breakpoint were determined for each genus. the mic90s (micrograms per milliliter) of the agents against members of the family enter ... | 1989 | 2782857 |
| in-vitro activity of fce 22101 against respiratory tract pathogens with reference to production of beta-lactamases. | fce 22101 is a new penem with broad antibacterial spectrum, excluding the pseudomonads, and has stability to many beta-lactamases. fce 22101 and imipenem were very potent against the bacteria studied, including beta-lactamase producing strains, which can be isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections (mic less than or equal to 8 mg/l). no strains were found to be resistant to fce 22101. fce 22101 was rapidly bactericidal and more stable to inactivation by beta-lactamases from branha ... | 1989 | 2786517 |
| in-vitro activity of a new penem fce 22101. | the in-vitro activity of a new penem fce 22101 was evaluated in comparison with other antimicrobial agents against 966 aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. fce 22101 inhibited 90% of enterobacteriaceae, haemophilus influenzae, h. parainfluenzae, h. ducreyi, neisseria gonorrhoeae, branhamella catarrhalis, staphylococcus aureus, staph. epidermidis and group b streptococcus at concentrations of 0.12-4.0 mg/l. pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant with mic90 of greater than ... | 1989 | 2786518 |
| the bacteriology of acute maxillary sinusitis. | sinus secretions obtained by antral aspiration from 347 patients with acute maxillary sinusitis were examined bacteriologically. special attention was paid to the method by which anaerobic bacteria could be recovered. on the total, 485 sinus secretion samples were examined, of these 336 were aspirates, 149 yields of injection-aspirations. aerobic bacteria were cultured from 263 aspirates and from 100 injection-aspiration samples. only anaerobes were recovered from 6 sinuses. bacterial culture wa ... | 1989 | 2786617 |
| empirical treatment without bronchoscopy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | an empirical approach to treating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was adopted in a prospective study of 73 men with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) presenting with respiratory problems. at presentation 49 patients (group 1) were thought to have a history, findings at clinical examination, chest radiograph, and arterial blood gas tensions typical of pneumocystis pneumonia, and empirical treatment was begun immediately. twenty four patients (group 2) were thought to have featur ... | 1989 | 2788935 |
| lomefloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone. studies on in vitro antimicrobial spectrum, potency, and development of resistance. | lomefloxacin (ny-198; sc-47111), a potent new difluoroquinolone, was studied to compare its in vitro activity with that of other antimicrobials against 2194 clinical isolates. lomefloxacin showed excellent inhibitory and bactericidal activity against strains of enterobacteriaceae and inhibited greater than 99% of the isolates at a concentration of 4 micrograms/ml or less. lomefloxacin exhibited good-to-moderate activity against strains of acinetobacter (mic90 4 micrograms/ml) and pseudomonas aer ... | 1989 | 2791485 |
| [clinical and pharmacokinetic study on cefodizime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, in the pediatric infections]. | cefodizime (thr-221, cdzm), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 27 children with various bacterial infections. the episodes of infections included pneumonia (6 cases), bronchopneumonia (11 cases), lung abscess (1 case), acute pharyngitis (2 cases), cervical lymphadenitis (1 case), infected cephalohematoma (1 case), urinary tract infection (1 case), sepsis (2 cases) and purulent meningitis (2 cases). cdzm was effective in all but one, and its efficacy rate ... | 1989 | 2795854 |
| ticarcillin/clavulanic acid combination. treatment of bacterial infections in hospitalized children. | eighteen patients 2 months to 11 years of age with culture proven bacterial infections were treated with parenteral ticarcillin/clavulanic acid in a noncomparative study. seven patients had pneumonia, two had tracheobronchitis, three had soft tissue abscess, two had periorbital cellulitis, three had urinary tract infection and one had purulent bursitis. four of the 18 were bacteremic. organisms treated included staphylococcus aureus (6), pseudomonas aeruginosa (5), haemophilus influenzae (2), br ... | 1989 | 2805557 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of meropenem on clinical isolates from the united kingdom. | mics of meropenem were determined for a wide range of common bacteria of clinical importance. for enterobacteriaceae, aeromonas spp., haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, gardnerella vaginalis, campylobacter coli/jejuni, beta-haemolytic streptococci and anaerobes other than clostridium difficile, mics were almost always within the range 0.002-0.5 mg/l. the activity of meropenem for these organisms was always greater than that of imipenem and piperacillin, and w ... | 1989 | 2808214 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil in the field of pediatrics]. | pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil (cpdx-pr, cs-807), a newly developed oral cephem, were carried out in the treatment of infectious diseases in the field of pediatrics. 1. since cpdx demonstrates very powerful antimicrobial actions against such gram-negative bacilli as escherichia coli, salmonella sp., klebsiella pneumoniae and serratia sp., such gram-positive cocci as streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus pneumoniae, and beta-lactamase producing br ... | 1989 | 2810729 |