| hume on the nonhuman animal. | hume wrote about fundamental similarities and dissimilarities between human and nonhuman animals. his work was centered on the cognitive and emotional lives of animals, rather than their moral or legal standing, but his theories have implications for issues of moral standing. the historical background of these controversies reaches to ancient philosophy and to several prominent figures in early modern philosophy. hume develops several of the themes in this literature. his underlying method is an ... | 1999 | 10517296 |
| sentinel practice-based survey of the management and health of horses in northern britain. | details of the management, feeding, level of activity and routine health care of horses in scotland and the five northernmost counties in england were recorded through a stratified random sample of horse owners who had responded to a previous survey. sixty-eight per cent of the horses were kept where their owners resided, and 32 per cent were kept away from the owner's home. more than 99 per cent were turned out to grazing for at least part of the year and 81 per cent were stabled for at least p ... | 2001 | 11678214 |
| looking to hume for justice: on the utility of hume's view of justice for american health care reform. | this essay argues that hume's theory of justice can be useful in framing a more persuasive case for universal access in health care. theories of justice derived from a rawlsian social contract tradition tend to make the conditions for deliberation on justice remote from the lives of most persons, while religiously-inspired views require superhuman levels of benevolence. by contrast, hume's theory derives justice from the prudent reflections of socially-encumbered selves. this provides a more acc ... | 1999 | 10517298 |
| regional differences in waiting time to pregnancy among fertile couples from four european cities. | a previous european study found a longer time to pregnancy (ttp) among fertile women from paris compared with women from other western european countries. a co-ordinated, cross-sectional study of pregnant couples from denmark (copenhagen), france (paris), scotland (edinburgh) and finland (turku) was therefore undertaken to assess differences in waiting ttp among couples from these cities. | 2001 | 11726598 |
| sperm morphological defects related to environment, lifestyle and medical history of 1001 male partners of pregnant women from four european cities. | recently, differences in semen quality have been found among the partners of pregnant women from four european cities: turku, copenhagen, edinburgh and paris. | 2001 | 11726600 |
| on being prepared: the influenza pandemic plan. | | 2001 | 11732352 |
| epidemiology and economic burden of viral hepatitis: an observational population based study. | to describe the epidemiology and estimate the health resource use of patients with viral hepatitis in tayside, scotland, using record linkage techniques. | 2002 | 11772975 |
| adults with incapacity (scotland) act 2000--excerpt. | | 2000 | 11842859 |
| hiv/aids. man 'deliberately infected' girlfriend. | | 2001 | 11954226 |
| longitudinal study of genital infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 in western scotland over 15 years. | | 2002 | 12052804 |
| every man his own farrier in australia: the origins and growth of a veterinary business in colonial new south wales. | the life and work is told of john pottie (1832-1908), a scotsman who graduated from edinburgh veterinary college in 1858. a year later, he contracted to provide veterinary care to a consignment of horses bound for australia. once there, he founded a firm that has survived to the present day, still marketing products that originated in his own veterinary remedies. john pottie brought with him a european tradition of livestock care and treatment that was epitomised in clater's title and book, ever ... | 2000 | 12068832 |
| hume's influence on john gregory and the history of medical ethics. | the concept of medicine as a profession in the english-language literature of medical ethics is of recent vintage, invented by the scottish physician and medical ethicist, john gregory (1724-1773). gregory wrote the first secular, philosophical, clinical, and feminine medical ethics and bioethics in the english language and did so on the basis of hume's principle of sympathy. this paper provides a brief account of gregory's invention and the role that humean sympathy plays in that invention, wit ... | 1999 | 10517300 |
| uptake of calcium and magnesium by human scalp hair from waters of different geographic locations. | the uptake of ca2+ and mg2+ by human scalp hair from waters of 24 different locations throughout the world was determined. the uptake was found to vary markedly depending on the initial total hardness and ph of the water. water of high initial total hardness and/or high initial ph were found, in general, to result in more hair adsorption of these alkaline earth cations. when hair is washed with these differing waters, varying effects are then found in the eventual coiffure. | 1999 | 10570842 |
| combined ultrasound and biochemical screening for down's syndrome in the first trimester: a scottish multicentre study. | to evaluate the use of ultrasound measurements of fetal nuchal translucency (nt) obtained in a routine antenatal clinic setting in combination with appropriate biochemical markers as a first trimester screening test for down's syndrome. | 2002 | 12118646 |
| association between variants at the gabaabeta2, gabaaalpha6 and gabaagamma2 gene cluster and alcohol dependence in a scottish population. | a role for the gaba/benzodiazepine receptor complex in alcohol dependence syndrome has been suggested by several lines of evidence. to elucidate the role of gabaa subunits in human alcohol dependence syndrome, we identified polymorphisms in the gabaabeta2 and gabaaalpha6 receptor subunit genes on 5q33 and assessed their potential contribution in an association study, together with a ncii rflp at the gabaagamma2 receptor subunit gene. one hundred and eight alcohol-dependent subjects and 54 unrela ... | 1999 | 10578235 |
| daughter of charity. | members of religious orders, male and female, take the three vows of religion--poverty, chastity and obedience. to renounce one's rights to personal possessions, to sexual experience and family life and in determining one's own future may, on initial examination, appear somewhat negative. however, priests, brothers and nuns in religious orders, are encouraged to adopt a more positive attitude in taking the vows. by relinquishing their rights to personal property and to procreate, and by acceptin ... | 2001 | 12143447 |
| public health implications of new guidelines for lead in drinking water: a case study in an area with historically high water lead levels. | concern about the neurotoxicity of lead, particularly in infants and young children, has led to a revision of blood lead levels which are considered to involve an acceptable level of human exposure. drinking water guidelines have also been reviewed in order to reduce this source of population exposure to lead. in the last 20 years, guidelines have been reduced from 100 to 50 to 10 microg/litre. lead in tap water used to be a major public health problem in glasgow because of the high prevalence o ... | 2000 | 10717374 |
| sexual history and epstein-barr virus infection. | to determine the role of sexual contact in transmission of epstein-barr virus (ebv) and occurrence of infectious mononucleosis (im), a cross-sectional study was undertaken of ebv serologic testing and histories of im and sexual behavior among 1006 new students at edinburgh university. prevalence of ebv seropositivity was significantly greater among women (79.2%) than among men (67.4%; p<.001) and among those who had ever been sexually active (82.7%) than among those who had not (63.7%; p<.001). ... | 2002 | 12198605 |
| the effects of multimedia communication technology on non-collocated teams: a case study. | collaborative teams are becoming increasingly important for industry, both within and across companies. there is a need for communication technology to support teams because many teams are non-collocated, or 'virtual'. two automotive supply chain teams were observed while they were experimenting with multimedia conferencing in order to determine what support non-collocated teams need and the potential effects of introducing technologies on their group processes. the observations included meeting ... | 2000 | 10975182 |
| human leucocyte antigen-a2 increases risk of alzheimer's disease but does not affect age of onset in a scottish population. | the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been associated with a reduced incidence of alzheimer's disease (ad), suggesting that attenuation of the inflammatory response may be beneficial. several, but not all, genetic association studies have shown human leucocyte antigen (hla)-a2, a major histocompatibility complex class i antigen-binding transmembrane protein has an increased frequency in ad compared to controls, and in some reports is associated with a lowered age of onset. we furt ... | 2000 | 11044581 |
| family size and unemployment in a multiply deprived urban area. | | 1978 | 12262702 |
| scottish emigration in the 1980s: a migration channels approach to the study of skilled international migration. | "british emigration is now dominated by skilled transient movements rather than traditional settler emigration movements. this switch requires new frameworks for migration analysis. a migration channels approach is advocated with attention focused on the roles of the internal labour markets of multi-national companies, international recruitment agencies and international skill transfers by small- and intermediate-sized companies in moulding contemporary skilled migration. the migration proces ... | 1990 | 12283049 |
| aberrant rna splicing in the hmsh2 gene: molecular identification of three aberrant rna in scottish patients with colorectal cancer in the west of scotland. | blood samples from 47 unselected patients with colorectal cancer were used as a source of hmsh2 mrna. we identified three new hmsh2 aberrant mrnas including: 1) ivs15 +5 g-->c resulting in exon 15 skipping from transcript; 2) an mrna deletion of exons 2 to 6 inclusive; and 3) an mrna deletion of exons 2 to 8 inclusive. in order to find out whether or not exon skipping is a natural consequence of alternative mrna splicing, total rna from 20 healthy individuals was converted to cdna by reverse-tra ... | 2000 | 11074494 |
| population carrier frequency of hmsh2 and hmlh1 mutations. | knowledge of population carrier frequency for dna mismatch repair (mmr) gene mutations would contribute to understanding the burden of cancer due to genetic susceptibility, but robust prevalence estimates are lacking. to estimate carrier frequency, we genotyped a cohort of relatives of mutation carriers and determined their colorectal cancer prevalence. systematic finnish and us data were combined with scottish genotype and cancer prevalence data in a bayesian calculation. the estimated carrier ... | 2000 | 11104559 |
| allele associations reveal four prominent haplotypes at the human interleukin-6 (il-6) locus. | we have examined four polymorphic elements in the human interleukin-6 (il-6) locus and described their allele distribution in 73 unrelated, healthy individuals from the west-of-scotland. these comprised three single nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) in the 5' promoter region of the gene and one vntr in the 3' region of il-6. a statistical consideration of the relationship between alleles at each locus was carried out. of a total of 12 possible haplotypes observed in the population, the analysis sug ... | 2000 | 11196676 |
| victorian values and the fertility decline: the case of scotland. | the author examines the final phase of the demographic transition in scotland during the late nineteenth century. particular attention is given to explanations developed by joseph banks concerning the fertility decline in england and wales. banks's analysis is reevaluated by applying it to data for scotland. no clear pattern of fertility by occupation is found. it is suggested instead that both family size limitation and emphasis on higher education were results of value reorientations. | 1986 | 12341337 |
| a polymorphic microsatellite marker in the human p55 tnf receptor, cd120a. | we provide characterization of a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat in the human tnf-receptor 1 gene (tnfr1, tnfrp55, cd120a). we have observed 11 alleles at this locus in individuals from the west of scotland. in a panel of healthy, unrelated individuals from the west of scotland (n = 143), the overall heterozygosity was 68%, indicating the potential usefulness of these markers in immunogenetic studies. | 2000 | 11196717 |
| modelling human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome cases in scotland: data sources, prior information and bayesian estimation. | "the paper describes the methodology developed to carry out predictions of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic in scotland. information on the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic comes from formal case reports of aids cases and hiv positive tests, reports from surveillance schemes and from special studies. these sources of information, up to the end of 1994, are reviewed.... a simple model of the hiv epidemic in scotland is proposed and the information is summarized ... | 1998 | 12348726 |
| human bedbug infestation of a domestic cat. | | 2002 | 12356240 |
| the genomic organisation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 gene, and its association with schizophrenia. | the g-protein coupled metabotropic glutamate receptors (grms/mglurs) have been implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia as they modulate the nmda response and that of other neurotransmitters including dopamine and gaba.(1-3) electrophysiological studies in grm subtype 5 knockout mice reveal, in one study, a sensorimotor gating deficit characteristic of schizophrenia and in another, a key rôle for this gene in the modulation of hippocampal nmda-dependent synaptic plasticity. in humans, grm5 l ... | 2001 | 11326300 |
| susceptibility to varicella-zoster virus in applicants for nurse training in scotland. | we investigated the immunity to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) of a cohort of applicants for nurse training and determined the relationship between immune status and history of chickenpox or shingles based on a self-completed questionnaire. three hundred and fifty-six applicants for nurse training were enrolled at an occupational health department in nhs scotland and 96% were immune to vzv. the positive predictive value of a history of vzv infection for seropositivity was 98% (286/292). the negati ... | 2002 | 12434695 |
| an eight-month study of a population of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) in a scottish cattle herd. | strains of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) from scottish beef cattle on the same farm were isolated during four visits over a period of eight months. characteristics of these strains were examined to allow comparisons with strains of vtec associated with human infection. | 2002 | 12452950 |
| human case of ebl type 2 following exposure to bats in angus, scotland. | | 2002 | 12498413 |
| a novel mutation in the keratin 13 gene causing oral white sponge nevus. | white sponge nevus (wsn) is an autosomal-dominantly inherited form of mucosal leukokeratosis. defects in keratins, proteins that form the stress-bearing cytoskeleton in epithelia, have been shown to cause several epithelial fragility disorders. recently, mutations in the genes encoding mucosal-specific keratins k4 and k13 were shown to be the underlying cause of wsn. we have studied a large scottish family with 19 persons affected by wsn in four generations. the k4 locus was excluded by genetic ... | 2001 | 11379896 |
| pesticide firms ask to use human data to assess safety. | | 2003 | 12529604 |
| identification of polymorphisms within disrupted in schizophrenia 1 and disrupted in schizophrenia 2, and an investigation of their association with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. | we have undertaken a search for polymorphic sequence variation within disrupted in schizophrenia 1 and disrupted in schizophrenia 2 (disc1 and disc2), which are both novel genes that span a translocation breakpoint strongly associated with schizophrenia and related psychoses in a large scottish family. a scan of the coding sequence, intron/exon boundaries, and part of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of disc1, plus 2.7 kb at the 3' end of disc2, has revealed a novel microsatellite and 15 novel ... | 2001 | 11525420 |
| investigation of human infections with salmonella enterica serovar java in scotland and possible association with imported poultry. | pfge analysis of s. java strains (29 from humans, 30 from poultry meat) showed two major clusters. all isolates from poultry imported from the netherlands belonged to cluster a, which also comprised 10 human isolates. thirty-one of the 37 isolates in this cluster had an identical javx1 pattern, similar to the x8 profile of a particular s. java clone predominant in poultry production in several european countries. cluster b comprised 19 human isolates and two poultry isolates of unknown origin. t ... | 2003 | 12631973 |
| real-time modelling of influenza outbreaks--a linear regression analysis. | seasonal outbreaks of influenza exert a considerable burden on health services, and are notorious for their variability from year to year. making use of historical data from the scottish sentinelle surveillance since 1972, a potential candidate model has been derived based on simple linear regression. it was applied with a measure of success in the 1999-2000 winter season. | 2002 | 12631985 |
| long-term study of antibody response and injection-site effects of oil adjuvants in atlantic halibut (hippoglossus hippoglossus l). | atlantic halibut were injected intraperitoneally with human gamma globulin suspended in either phosphate buffered saline, freunds complete adjuvant or montanide isa711 to test the long-term effects of adjuvants. every month for 12 months up to five animals from each group were sampled. the peritoneal cavity was examined and the adhesion level scored on an arbitrary scale. serum was also collected and analysed by elisa for antibodies to human gamma globulin. results show that whilst fca produced ... | 2003 | 12657538 |
| acceptability and uptake of a community-based flu immunisation programme. | to evaluate a community based influenza immunisation programme in terms of patients' and primary care professionals' satisfaction and uptake of immunisation. | 2001 | 12664727 |
| the scottish molecular genetics consortium--15 years on. | remarkable advances have been made in recent years in our knowledge of the human genome. genes for disorders such as huntington disease, cystic fibrosis and duchenne muscular dystrophy have been mapped and mutations identified. simple molecular tests are now available for the diagnosis of these and many other conditions. as a result, in the last 15 years the whole new field of molecular pathology has been introduced to the health service of the united kingdom and now there are nearly 40 diagnost ... | 2002 | 12664773 |
| the gene for hmsn2c maps to 12q23-24: a region of neuromuscular disorders. | hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 2c (hmsn2c, charcot-marie-tooth 2c [cmt2c]) is an autosomal dominant motor and sensory neuropathy involving limb, diaphragm, vocal cord, and intercostal muscles. | 2003 | 12682323 |
| professional advantage and public health: british veterinarians and state veterinary services, 1865-1939. | at the beginning of the twentieth century, municipal authorities in england and wales, and in scotland, began to develop systems of veterinary public health which encompassed both the welfare of animals and the safety of meat and milk intended for human consumption. this paper examines the motives behind veterinary attempts to extend the integration of human and animal health considerations within the public health framework in the inter-war period. in 1938 the ministry of agriculture implemente ... | 2003 | 12688295 |
| ethical approval for research involving geographically dispersed subjects: unsuitability of the uk mrec/lrec system and relevance to uncommon genetic disorders. | to assess the process involved in obtaining ethical approval for a single-centre study involving geographically dispersed subjects with an uncommon genetic disorder. | 2001 | 11579194 |
| anaesthetists' non-technical skills (ants): evaluation of a behavioural marker system. | non-technical skills are critical for good anaesthetic practice but are not addressed explicitly in normal training. realization of the need to train and assess these skills is growing, but these activities must be based on properly developed skills frameworks and validated measurement tools. a prototype behavioural marker system was developed using human factors research techniques. the aim of this study was to conduct an experimental evaluation to establish its basic psychometric properties an ... | 2003 | 12697584 |
| william porterfield (ca. 1696-1771) and his phantom limb: an overlooked first self-report by a man of medicine. | early reports of phantom limbs by ambroise paré and rené descartes were based on second- or third-hand descriptions provided by amputees. william porterfield (ca. 1696-1771) was a prominent scottish physician and was possibly the first man of medicine to write about his experiences after having a leg amputated. porterfield was an authority on vision; he devised the first optometer and examined accommodation after cataract operations. rather than using the phenomenon of a phantom limb to question ... | 2003 | 12699565 |
| the highlands and islands medical service: precursor of a state funded medical care system? | the highlands and islands of scotland cover a large area of the country and are sparsely populated. a series of man-made and natural disasters ensured that, early in the nineteenth century, they were also poverty stricken. it was gradually recognised that the degree of social deprivation was too severe for self-help and could only be alleviated from outside the area. this paper traces the use of state funds to support a medical service, from the first payments under the new poor law until the ou ... | 1996 | 11618765 |
| first rotavirus, now astrovirus: the evolving benefits of rt-pcr. | we compared rt-pcr and a newly developed amplified eia for the detection of human astrovirus (hastv) in 48 stool samples taken from children of less than five years of age with gastroenteritis. the rt-pcr classified more samples as positive than the eia (18 versus 8). without sensitive diagnosis, infection control policies will be disadvantaged and the true economic burden of hastv underestimated. | 2003 | 12736977 |
| the identification of a us serviceman recovered from the holy loch, scotland. | during february and march 2000, human remains were recovered from the holy loch, scotland. police enquiries identified 13 males that had gone missing, presumed drowned in the holy loch or the adjoining lochs, over the previous 35 years. osteological examination of the remains established they were from a male, aged between 15 and 23 and 168-174 cm tall. this information eliminated ten of the known missing persons. dna profiles, both str and mitochondrial were generated from the remains and compa ... | 2003 | 12744005 |
| "de spermate hominis": a middle english poem on human embryology. [nat. libr. scotland, advocates' ms. 23.7.11]. | | 1977 | 11639014 |
| is it ethical to use patients to determine normal findings? | | 1993 | 11643153 |
| the hydra, captain aj brock and the treatment of shell-shock in edinburgh. | | 2003 | 12830809 |
| genetic polymorphism of hla dr in a scottish population of patients with pars planitis. | human leucocyte antigen (hla) class ii influences the immunological susceptibility for a variety of diseases including many types of non-infectious intraocular inflammation. previous studies on north american patients with pars planitis, a subtype of intermediate uveitis, reported an increased prevalence of hla dr15 in this population. in contrast, two european studies could not find an association between hla dr2 or its allelic subtype dr15 and various forms of intermediate uveitis. we therefor ... | 2003 | 12841565 |
| women's health in midlife: findings from a british birth cohort study. | the medical research council's national survey of health and development (mrcnshd) is a prospective cohort study of 2547 women and 2815 men, a sample of all the births that took place in england, scotland and wales between 3-9 march 1946. it is one of the longest running large-scale studies of human development in the world, aiming to identify lifetime biological, social and psychological pathways to health and disease, from early life to ageing. a special study of women's health in midlife and ... | 2003 | 12844426 |
| frequency, viral loads, and serotype identification of enterovirus infections in scottish blood donors. | enteroviruses are non-enveloped, frequently pathogenic rna viruses infecting humans. infection is potentially transmissible through blood or blood component transfusion from donor in the viremic phase before seroconversion for antibody. to investigate the threat to blood safety from enteroviruses, a large-scale survey of frequency and levels of viremia in blood donors was conducted. study designs and methods: blood donations from scotland over a period of 22 calendar months were screened for ent ... | 2003 | 12869111 |
| infectious disease mortality in two outer hebridean islands: 1. measles, pertussis and influenza. | the purpose of the study was to examine changes in mortality from measles, pertussis (whooping cough) and influenza (all epidemic diseases) in harris and barra, two outer hebridean islands, from 1855 to 1990, and to compare the findings with those from scotland as a whole over the same period. it was also intended to relate changes in mortality to those in social and economic factors. | 2003 | 12881144 |
| brave new world--nine months away? | reproductive technologies were the main theme of the aberdeen medical group day conference. among the topics discussed were the physician's right and duty to determine a couple's suitability for in vitro fertilization (ivf) and artificial insemination by donor, the ethical aspects of surrogate motherhood, the production of surplus embryos for use in ivf and research, and the legal status of embryos. speakers also addressed the issues involved in genetic screening, prenatal diagnosis, and discl ... | 1983 | 11644102 |
| fatal human rabies caused by european bat lyssavirus type 2a infection in scotland. | we wish to report the first recorded case of indigenous human rabies caused by a bat bite in the united kingdom in 100 years. this instructive case report highlights a number of key lessons: first, bites from insectivorous bats indiginous to the united kingdom can cause rabies in humans; second, rabies immunization is essential for bat-handlers, and postexposure treatment for rabies is essential for patients bitten by bats; third, patients able to give a history who present with acute flaccid pa ... | 2003 | 12905146 |
| maternal consumption of a high-meat, low-carbohydrate diet in late pregnancy: relation to adult cortisol concentrations in the offspring. | recent studies have linked maternal consumption of an unbalanced high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet in late pregnancy with raised adult blood pressure in the offspring. because high-protein diets stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, we hypothesized that an unbalanced maternal diet might increase maternal cortisol levels, exposing the fetus to excess cortisol and programming lifelong hypersecretion of cortisol. we therefore measured fasting plasma cortisol concentrations in 251 sub ... | 2003 | 12915635 |
| the prevalence of haemochromatosis gene mutations in the west of scotland and their relation to ischaemic heart disease. | excess iron stores have been postulated to enhance the risk of ischaemic heart disease. this study aims to determine whether the two major mutations of the haemochromatosis (hfe) gene (c282y and h63d) are associated with ischaemic heart disease (ihd) or myocardial infarction (mi). | 2003 | 12923017 |
| edinburgh doctor struck off because of clinical-trial fraud. | | 1997 | 11655095 |
| community pediatrics research. | increasing recognition of the complexity and importance of social determinants of child health has changed dramatically the scope, direction, and purpose of pediatric research. considered in the context of the evolving research on the role of the human genome in determining the functional status of children and adults, the increasing focus on the social determinants of health emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in research endeavors. the changing roles of children and youths ... | 2003 | 12949348 |
| acute transverse myelopathy and echo-2 virus infection. | | 1963 | 14072959 |
| the genetic factor in dupuytren's disease. | | 1963 | 14074318 |
| donor insemination and the child. | | 1993 | 11654720 |
| the cla(caldwell) antigen: a new and rare human blood group antigen related to the mnss system. | | 1963 | 14109962 |
| an outbreak of meningitis due to echo virus type 4 in scotland, 1963. | | 1964 | 14132659 |
| laboratory diagnosis of echo type 9 virus infection. | | 1964 | 14141575 |
| infections by organisms of psittacosis/lymphogranuloma venereum group in the west of scotland. | | 1964 | 14147769 |
| cytogenetic studies in leucocytes on the general population: subjects of ages 65 years and more. | | 1964 | 14175200 |
| echo 9 virus infection and congenital malformations. | | 1964 | 14198229 |
| hereditary heinz-body anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and haemoglobinopathy (hb koeln) in a glasgow family. | | 1964 | 14198723 |
| family studies and the cause of congenital club foot. talipes equinovarus, talipes calcaneo-valgus and metatarsus varus. | | 1964 | 14216453 |
| characteristics of men with intermittent claudication. | | 1965 | 14259702 |
| familial incidence and geography in multiple sclerosis. | | 1965 | 14289912 |
| distribution of the abo and rhesus (d) blood groups in the north of scotland. | | 1965 | 14313688 |
| haemoglobinopathies in the west of scotland. | | 1965 | 14317829 |
| echovirus 25 infections in scotland, 1961-64. | | 1965 | 14337826 |
| multilocus genotyping of cryptosporidium parvum type 2: population genetics and sub-structuring. | cryptosporidium parvum is an intracellular protozoan parasite that infects the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other mammals. it has significant economic importance as a pathogen of livestock and, as there is no effective treatment or vaccine available, understanding transmission routes and identifying sources of infection is key to preventing future outbreaks and controlling this disease. in this study we have determined the multilocus genotype (mlg) of 240 c. parvum type 2 (bovine) isolat ... | 2003 | 14522184 |
| fatal accident inquiry: death during research. | | 1997 | 11657185 |
| man convicted of grievous bodily harm for infecting two women with hiv. | | 2003 | 14576243 |
| epidemiology of salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium in animals and people in scotland between 1990 and 2001. | two serovars of salmonella which are currently of particular importance in both human and animal infections are salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis phage type 4 (pt4) and typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104). this paper describes the trends in the relationships between the levels of infection of people and a range of farm animal species with these two serovars and explores some of the reasons behind them. in 1996, there was a peak of 520 reports of s typhimurium dt104 infection in people ... | 2003 | 14620550 |
| guidelines for researchers: patient information sheet and consent form. | | 1999 | 11657984 |
| how should we evaluate patient access to their own records? an example with cancer patients in scotland. | government policy in many european countries now assumes that patients should have access to their own medical records. increasingly such access can be used as one method of tailoring a wide range of information to the patient. process evaluation, to ensure that human computer interfaces of such systems are appropriate, is needed during their design and implementation. however, studies to assess the impact on health outcomes are relatively expensive and time consuming so are they worth doing? we ... | 2003 | 14663979 |
| multiple high risk hpv infections are common in cervical neoplasia and young women in a cervical screening population. | if human papillomavirus (hpv) testing is to be included within cervical screening programmes, the importance of multiple hpv infections in cervical neoplasia needs to be determined. this study investigated the diversity of multiple hpv types in a routine cervical screening population, and assessed associations with cervical neoplasia. | 2004 | 14693839 |
| high resolution hla-drb1 identification of a caucasian population. | polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes typing methods have been applied to 1000 individuals from the northern ireland population to give human leukocyte antigen drb1 (hla-drb1) allele assignment. hla-drb1 allele frequencies and four-locus haplotypes (a/b/c/dr) for this caucasian population, based on hla class i and class ii allele assignment, are now presented. no significant deviations from hardy-weinberg proportions were observed. the hla-c locus exhibited marginal ... | 2004 | 14700598 |
| seascape with monkeys and guinea-pigs: britain's biological weapons research programme, 1948-54. | the british biological weapons (bw) research programme based at porton down continued after the second world war. five series of bw experiments with animals at sea were undertaken to supplement laboratory work. the causative organisms for plague, brucellosis, tularemia and later venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis and vaccinia viruses were tested in the caribbean near antigua in the late 1940s, in hebridean waters (north-west scotland) in the early 1950s and off nassau in the bahamas in 1953-54. ... | 2003 | 14703127 |
| characterization of common genetic variants in cathepsin k and testing for association with bone mineral density in a large cohort of perimenopausal women from scotland. | bmd values in approximately 3000 perimenopausal scottish women were adjusted by regression to identify and account for nongenetic factors. adjusted bmd values were not associated with simple tandem repeat (str) markers or single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) at the cathepsin k (ctsk) locus. we present a thorough analysis of common ctsk polymorphisms and genetic relatedness among ctsk haplotypes. | 2004 | 14753734 |
| methods for sentinel virological surveillance of influenza in europe - an 18-country survey. | the european influenza surveillance scheme (eiss) is based on an integrated clinical and virological surveillance model. to assess the comparability of virological data, a questionnaire was sent to participants in june 2002 enquiring about specimen collection, laboratory diagnosis of influenza and tests for other respiratory infections. the results showed differences, but also uniformity in virological data collection methods. similarities were reported for the specimen collection procedures; th ... | 2004 | 14762319 |
| haemochromatosis gene mutations and risk of coronary heart disease: a west of scotland coronary prevention study (woscops) substudy. | to measure the frequency of genotypes of the hfe (haemochromatosis) gene in patients recruited to the west of scotland coronary prevention study (woscops), and relate them to the subsequent occurrence of coronary clinical events. | 2004 | 14966054 |
| 10th international hugo mutation database initiative meeting, 19 april 2001, edinburgh, scotland. | the 10th international mutation database initiative meeting was held on april 19, 2001, in conjunction with the annual human genome meeting in edinburgh, scotland. key points of the meeting are described here. the bisc waystation was presented as an operational, viable beginning to the solution for the lack of centralized variation collection structures, with a number of possibilities, notably the bisc central database and hgbase, as candidates for storing the data. exploration of new avenues of ... | 2001 | 11668619 |
| hypermutability at a poly(a/t) tract in the human germline. | poly(a/t) tracts are abundant simple sequence repeats (ssrs) within the human genome. they constitute part of the coding sequence of a variety of genes, encoding polylysine stretches that are important for protein function. assessment of poly(a/t) tract stability is also used to identify microsatellite unstable colorectal cancers, which are characteristic of tumours defective in dna mismatch repair. despite their importance, little is known about the stability of poly(a/t) ssrs in the human germ ... | 2001 | 11691928 |
| relationship of the platelet glycoprotein pla and fibrinogen t/g+1689 polymorphisms with peripheral arterial disease and ischaemic heart disease. | genetic variation in plasma fibrinogen and the platelet receptor gp iiia locus has been independently associated with increased risks of ischaemic heart disease, but there have been few reports on the relationship with peripheral arterial disease. this study determined the risk of peripheral arterial disease and ischaemic heart disease associated with polymorphisms of fibrinogen t/g(+1689) and platelet glycoprotein pl(a) genes and the effects of cigarette smoking and fibrinogen. | 2003 | 14987913 |
| post-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus infection in the royal infirmary of edinburgh--an audit. | the purpose of the audit was to assess the implementation of the protocols developed by lothian university national health service trust for post-exposure prophylaxis (pep) against blood-borne virus infections. patients at risk of infection after an injury were referred to the department of genitourinary medicine (gum) edinburgh royal infirmary for assessment. a brief description of the incident, the time of the incident, the time of referral and the decision made was documented. the notes of th ... | 2004 | 15006077 |
| national survey for salmonella in pigs, cattle and sheep at slaughter in great britain (1999-2000). | the objective of these surveys was to estimate the prevalence of faecal carriage of salmonella in healthy pigs, cattle and sheep at slaughter, and of pig carcase contamination with salmonella. these data can be used as a baseline against which future change in salmonella prevalence in these species at slaughter can be monitored. | 2004 | 15012813 |
| investigation of frequency of active borna disease virus infection in scottish blood donors. | borna disease virus (bdv) can infect a wide range of vertebrate species causing neurological disease. in order to ensure the safety of blood supplies, it is essential to monitor blood for emerging pathogens. | 2004 | 15023186 |
| is the prevalence and shedding concentrations of e. coli o157 in beef cattle in scotland seasonal? | the prevalence of escherichia coli o157 in scottish beef cattle at abattoir was found to be greater during the cooler months [11.2% (95% ci, 8.4-13.9%)] compared to the warmer months [7.5% (95% ci, 5.4-9.6%)]; the reverse of seasonality of human infections. however, high shedding beef cattle (excreting 10(-4) g(-1)) appear to shed greater concentrations of e. coli o157 in the warmer months which may partly explain increased human infection seasonality at this time. | 2004 | 15063499 |
| survival in trisomy 13 and trisomy 18 cases ascertained from population based registers. | | 2002 | 12205124 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 remains the principal cause of initial anogenital herpes in edinburgh, scotland. | the goal of this study was to investigate the trends in the prevalence of anogenital herpes caused by herpes simplex virus (hsv) type-1 and hsv-2 among patients attending a sexually transmitted infections clinic. | 2004 | 15107637 |
| hierarchical statistical modelling of influenza epidemic dynamics in space and time. | an infectious disease typically spreads via contact between infected and susceptible individuals. since the small-scale movements and contacts between people are generally not recorded, available data regarding infectious disease are often aggregations in space and time, yielding small-area counts of the number infected during successive, regular time intervals. in this paper, we develop a spatially descriptive, temporally dynamic hierarchical model to be fitted to such data. disease counts are ... | 2002 | 12228886 |