| the use of dedicated peptide libraries permits the discovery of high affinity binding peptides. | the motif for peptide binding to monoclonal antibody mab a16, which is known to be directed against glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 1, was determined using two dedicated peptide libraries. as a starting point for this study we used an a-16 binding lead sequence, which had previously been obtained from a phage display peptide library (schellekens et al., 1994). binding studies with different length variants of this peptide identified a 12mer as a suitable lead compound for our library ... | 1995 | 7490454 |
| structure and role of the terminal repeats of epstein-barr virus in processing and packaging of virion dna. | the linear virion epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna is terminated at both ends by a variable number of direct, tandemly arranged terminal repeats (trs) which are approximately 500 bp in size the number of trs at each terminus can vary. after infection of host cells, the ebv dna circularizes via the trs by an unknown mechanism, and replication of the viral dna during the lytic phase of the ebv life cycle leads to large dna concatemers which need to be cleaved into virion dna units, eventually. this cl ... | 1995 | 7707542 |
| detection of virus nucleic acids by radioactive and nonisotopic in situ hybridization. | | 1994 | 7534581 |
| in vitro and in vivo anti-herpes viral activities and biological properties of cv-arau. | we compared the in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and other biological properties of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-[(e)-2-chlorovinyl]uracil (cv-arau) and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-[(e)-2-bromovinyl]uracil (bv-arau, sorivudine). both cv-arau and bv-arau exhibited antiviral activities against hsv-1 in the cell culture derived from mouse, though the activities were lower than those seen in human cells. for intraperitoneal and intracerebral infection ... | 1994 | 7710267 |
| synergistic anti-herpes effect of tnf-alpha and ifn-gamma in human corneal epithelial cells compared with that in corneal fibroblasts. | in this study we compared how effectively the proinflammatory cytokines tnf-alpha and ifn-gamma could inhibit hsv-1 replication in human corneal tissue fragments and monolayers of epithelial cells and fibroblasts derived from intact corneas, and investigated the mechanism responsible for the inhibition. pretreatment of corneal tissue or cells derived therefrom with tnf-alpha (50 u/ml) and ifn-gamma (5 iu/ml) consistently induced a synergistic antiviral effect. inhibition of hsv-1 growth was most ... | 1994 | 7710269 |
| recombinants are isolated at high frequency following in vivo mixed ocular infection with two avirulent herpes simplex virus type 1 strains. | mixed infections with different strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) may result in more severe disease than infection with either strain alone. this phenomenon is important because it may facilitate the identification of virulence genes through the transfer of virulence determinants between complementing strains, and it may pose a problem in the use of attenuated hsv strains for vaccines and gene delivery vectors. in this study, we have compared the percentage of recombinants present a ... | 1995 | 7710352 |
| a bk virus episomal vector for constitutive high expression of exogenous cdnas in human cells. | a bk virus (bkv) episomal vector (prpneocmv) was constructed for expression of cdnas under control of the cytomegalovirus (cmv) immediate-early promoter. transfection of prpneocmv for expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene in several human cell lines showed that the cmv promoter is more efficient than the hiv-1 and rsv ltrs in directing gene expression from episomal vectors. in 293 human cells prpneocmv/cat is twenty times more active in cat expression than the well known ... | 1995 | 7710358 |
| effect of glycerol on intracellular virus survival: implications for the clinical use of glycerol-preserved cadaver skin. | glycerol has long been used for the preservation of skin allografts. the antimicrobial activity of glycerol has not been fully documented. this paper reports the results of an investigation of a model studying the effect of glycerol on the inactivation of intracellular viruses. two viruses--herpes simplex type i (hsv-1) and poliovirus--were cultured within human dermal fibroblasts. these intracellular viruses were incubated with 50 per cent, 85 per cent and 98 per cent glycerol at 4 degrees c an ... | 1995 | 7546258 |
| herpes simplex encephalitis. immunohistological demonstration of spread of virus via olfactory pathways in mice. | six-week-old balb/c mice were inoculated intranasally with a suspension of hsv1 virus and the distribution of viral antigen in the brain 3-7 days later was surveyed using the immunoperoxidase technique. virus was first detectable in the brain 4 days later at 2 distinct sites: the trigeminal root entry zone in the brain stem and the olfactory bulbs. on succeeding days virus spread from the trigeminal focus to many other brain stem nuclei and, in some mice, to the thalamus and the cerebellum. from ... | 1983 | 6313868 |
| sendai virus and herpes virus type 1 induce apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | recent reports suggest that several viruses, besides human immunodeficiency virus, induce apoptosis in infected cells. we report here that sendai virus or herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), two potent inducers of interferon-alpha, caused cell death in a consistent number of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. a careful analysis of infected cells by different techniques, such as optical and electron microscopy, dna agarose gel electrophoresis, and cytofluorimetric analysis of dna content, ... | 1995 | 7737380 |
| the regulation of synthesis and properties of the protein product of open reading frame p of the herpes simplex virus 1 genome. | open reading frame p (orf p) maps in the inverted repeat sequence ab and b'a' flanking the long unique (ul) sequence of the herpes simplex virus 1 genome, within the sequence reported to be transcribed during latent infection of sensory neurons. both the protein and the rna were previously reported to be expressed only in cells infected with a deletion mutant or with a mutant carrying a ts lesion in the alpha 4 gene encoding the infected cell protein no. 4 (icp4), a major regulatory protein of t ... | 1995 | 7745709 |
| varicella-zoster virus gene 63: transcript mapping and regulatory activity. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) putative immediate-early (ie) protein encoded by orf63 is the homolog of hsv-1 icp-22. to further characterize orf63 and its function, northern analysis, primer extension, and s1 nuclease assays were used to map its transcripts, and transient transfection assays were performed with constructs containing orf63 or its promoter region. two transcripts were identified: a 0.9-kb transcript spans orf63 alone, and a 1.8-kb transcript reads through orf64. two prominent t ... | 1995 | 7747473 |
| pseudorabies virus epo is functionally homologous to varicella-zoster virus orf61 protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 icpo. | pseudorabies virus (prv) early protein o (epo) is the homolog of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) icpo. a prv epo deletion mutant grows poorly in cell culture, suggesting that epo plays a critical role in the viral replicative cycle. in this study, we have shown that the growth defect of an epo deletion mutant was complemented in vero cells expressing vzv orf61 protein or hsv-1 icpo. in transient expression assays prv epo, ... | 1995 | 7747481 |
| herpes simplex virus glycoprotein k is known to influence fusion of infected cells, yet is not on the cell surface. | syncytial mutants of herpes simplex virus (hsv) cause extensive fusion of cultured cells, whereas wild-type hsv primarily causes cell rounding and aggregation. a large fraction of syncytial viruses contain mutations in the ul53 gene, which encodes glycoprotein k (gk). previously, we demonstrated that wild-type and syncytial forms of gk are expressed at similar levels and possess identical electrophoretic mobilities. using immunofluorescence, we show that gk is not transported to the surfaces of ... | 1995 | 7769723 |
| protection against herpes simplex virus-induced eye disease after vaccination with seven individually expressed herpes simplex virus 1 glycoproteins. | to compare the efficacy of each of seven expressed herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) glycoproteins as vaccines to protect against ocular disease after primary ocular hsv-1 infection. | 1995 | 7775113 |
| intracellular localisation of herpes simplex virus type 1 ribonucleotide reductase subunits during infection of cultured cells. | we have analysed the intracellular localisation of herpes simplex virus type 1 ribonucleotide reductase during infection of cultured cells by indirect immunofluorescence using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies specific for the r1 and r2 subunits. three different viruses were used to infect cells, wild-type strain 17+ and two temperature-sensitive mutants, ts 1222, which produces r1 only, and ts 1207, which expresses a normal r2 and an altered r1 that fails to interact with r2 at the nonpermis ... | 1995 | 7491785 |
| expression of beta-galactosidase in neurons of dorsal root ganglia which are latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | explanation into culture of dorsal root ganglia (drg) latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) causes reactivation of the virus. previous studies have suggested that either latency-associated transcripts (lats) were removed as an early consequence of reactivation or, alternatively, there was a population of latently infected cells which did not contain lats. we have now attempted to detect this population of neurons by inserting a reporter gene (escherichia coli lacz gene), und ... | 1995 | 7782783 |
| reactivation of oral-lingual herpes by chlorinated swimming pool water: a case report. | the authors describe the case of a highly stressed 36-year-old man who experienced ten or more painful episodes per year of recurrent oral-lingual herpes simplex virus 1, which were only partially responsive to acyclovir therapy for three years. a three-year diary of activities, personal stresses, concurrent infections, local trauma, and other possible psychogenic, somatogenic, and environmental events was used systematically to attempt to pair the stresses with the recurrent herpes episodes. ch ... | 1995 | 7555103 |
| inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication by a chimeric trans-gene product repressing transcription of the immediate-early gene. | a chimeric gene encoding a fusion protein consisting of the dna-binding domain of the immediate-early (ie) protein of pseudorabies virus (prv) and a tail-truncated vmw65 of herpes simplex virus 1, lacking the transcription activation domain, was constructed. the chimeric gene product inhibited transcription from the prv ie promoter in a transient expression assay. a hela cell line stably transformed with the chimeric gene showed remarkable resistance to prv infection. in the transformed cells in ... | 1995 | 7793065 |
| antiherpetic activities of n-alpha-acetyl-nona-d-arginine amide acetate. | n-alpha-acetyl-nona-d-arginine amide acetate (alx40-4c) was developed as a competitive inhibitor of the binding of the hiv tat protein to its rna target tar, which is an intracellular interaction dependent on a short, arginine-rich sequence in tat. alx40-4c is a simple mimic of that domain, which is stabilised against enzymatic degradation through inclusion of d-amino acids and terminal protection. the drug inhibits hiv-1 in vitro and is currently being assessed in vivo. in the work reported her ... | 1995 | 7796707 |
| differentiation of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with hsv encephalitis and meningitis by stringent hybridization of pcr-amplified dnas. | differentiation of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 in cerebrospinal fluid of 17 patients with serologically diagnosed hsv encephalitis and meningitis or acute limbic encephalitis was determined by stringent hybridization of polymerase chain reaction--amplified dnas. ten of 17 patients were positive; six with hsv 1 isolates and four with hsv 2 isolates. we detected hsv type 1 in two cases of meningitis, although meningitis is generally thought to be caused by type 2. additionally, hsv ty ... | 1994 | 7799000 |
| sequestration of pml and sp100 proteins in an intranuclear viral structure during herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | we investigated the intranuclear distribution of pml and sp100 in hela cells at the ultrastructural level and examined their relocalization in response to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection. in the absence of infection, we observed that both are components, not only of nuclear bodies, but also of interchromatin granule-associated zones, which suggests a potential role for pml and sp100 in splicing events. prolonged hsv-1 infection induced dramatic changes in nuclear organization which ... | 1995 | 7493645 |
| vp16 interacts via its activation domain with vp22, a tegument protein of herpes simplex virus, and is relocated to a novel macromolecular assembly in coexpressing cells. | in addition to its function as a powerful transactivator of viral immediate-early transcription, vp16 is an essential component of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) virion. as such, vp16 is introduced into cells, to effect its function in transactivation, as part of the virus tegument. here we examine the potential for vp16 protein-protein interactions specific to virus-infected cells and show that vp16 copurifies in a highly enriched fraction with a single major polypeptide which we identify as th ... | 1995 | 7494306 |
| simultaneous measurement of antibodies to epstein-barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and 14 enteroviruses in chronic fatigue syndrome: is there evidence of activation of a nonspecific polyclonal immune response? | as a test of the hypothesis that elevated titers of viral antibodies in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) are due to a nonspecific polyclonal immune response, antibodies to epstein-barr virus (ebv), human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6), and 14 enteroviruses in 20 patients with cfs and 20 age- and gender-matched controls were simultaneously measured. similarly, titers of igg to herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 were measured in 18 of these cases and in the respective controls. igg to ebv ... | 1994 | 7811864 |
| inflammatory effects of gene transfer into the cns with defective hsv-1 vectors. | the use of viral vectors which infect and express genes in post-mitotic neurons is a potential strategy for the treatment of disorders affecting the central nervous system (cns). however, the inflammatory consequences of such strategies have yet to be systematically examined. preparations of non-replicating defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) amplicon vectors containing the lacz gene were obtained by standard methods and stereotaxically injected into the adult rat dentate gyrus (dg). t ... | 1994 | 7584093 |
| effect of protein kinase c inhibitors on the antiviral activity of human alpha interferon in herpes simplex virus-infected human neuroblastoma cells. | pretreatment of human neuroblastoma cells with an inhibitor of protein kinase c (pkc), staurosporine or h-7, prior to the addition of human alpha interferon (huifn-alpha), recombinant huifn-alpha, or recombinant huifn-beta blocked the inhibitory effect of these ifns on the release of infectious herpes simplex virus type 1 from treated cells. in addition, staurosporine blocked the inhibitory effect of huifns on the expressions of herpes simplex type 1 glycoproteins b, c, and d in treated neurobla ... | 1995 | 7815513 |
| a sensitive assay system screening antiviral compounds against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. | a highly sensitive and accurate assay system was developed for in vitro evaluation of anti-herpes simplex virus (anti-hsv) agents using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (mtt) and human embryonic lung fibroblast (mrc-5) cells. this assay system was found to be highly sensitive for both hsv-1 and -2. confluent mrc-5 cells were infected with either hsv-1 kos strain or hsv-2 g strain of 25 tcid50 in the presence of various concentrations of test compounds. the optical den ... | 1994 | 7822458 |
| adhesion molecule expression and lymphocyte adhesion to cerebral endothelium: effects of measles virus and herpes simplex 1 virus. | expression of endothelial cell (ec) adhesion molecules is increased in inflammatory neurological disorders and this may regulate lymphocyte homing to the central nervous system (cns). viral encephalitis is characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of the cns and one mechanism of this response may be ec adhesion molecule induction with consequent inflammatory cell/ec binding. this report characterises the effects of herpes simplex 1 (hsv1) or measles virus (mv) infection of balb/c brain microvasc ... | 1995 | 7822475 |
| chronic encephalitis and epilepsy (rasmussen's encephalitis): detection of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus 1 by the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. | we made a pathologic diagnosis of chronic encephalitis on surgical resections or autopsy material in 10 patients with intractable seizures and studied the specimens by immunohistochemistry for herpes simplex virus (hsv) 1 and 2 and cytomegalovirus (cmv) as well as by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for viral dna sequences (hsv1, hsv2, and cmv). we also assessed eight patients (nonepileptic) with pathologically documented or clinically suspected encephalitis and five resections from epileptic ... | 1995 | 7824098 |
| in vitro cytotoxic activity of cord blood nk cells against herpes simplex virus type-1 infected purified human term villous cytotrophoblast. | transplacental infection of the fetus with herpes simplex virus (hsv) is associated with high morbidity. the present study was undertaken to shed light on the possible participation of the fetal immune system in the elimination of hsv from placental unit. in a chromium release assay cultured term villous trophoblast cells, regardless of infection with hsv-1, were found resistant to lysis by cord blood natural killer (cbnk) cells. in contrast to this, cbnk cells exhibited a basal level of cytotox ... | 1994 | 7598786 |
| long-term expression in sensory neurons in tissue culture from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) promoters in an hsv-1-derived vector. | amplicons, defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) vectors, were constructed to use four hsv-1 promoters, from the immediate-early (ie) 1 ie 3, ie 4/5, and late glycoprotein c (gc) genes, to regulate expression of the escherichia coli lacz gene, encoding beta-galactosidase, and packaged into infectious particles. infection of sensory neurons in vitro with amplicons containing the ie 1, ie 3, or ie 4/5 promoter resulted in stable long-term expression of beta-galactosidase from 2 to 10 weeks ... | 1995 | 7609023 |
| efficacy of kakkon-to, a traditional herb medicine, in herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in mice. | kakkon-to is one of the representative traditional herb medicines (kampo formulae) and has been used historically for the treatment of infectious diseases in china and japan. the efficacy of this preparation was characterised using a cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection in mice as a model for human viral infection. kakkon-to at a dose corresponding to human use reduced significantly the mortality of hsv-1-infected mice and localised skin lesions. delayed type hypersensitivity ... | 1995 | 7623003 |
| retroviral transfer of hsv1-tk gene into human lung cancer cell line. | we used a recombinant retrovirus as one of the potential vectors for human gene therapy to transfer a drug sensitivity gene into human lung cancer cells. the gene encoding the thymidine kinase (tk) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) was used as the drug sensitivity gene. the antiherpes drugs acyclovir (acv) and ganciclovir (gcv) were chosen to test the hsv1-tk activity transferred into the human lung cancer cell lines. the rationale for this approach was that acv and gcv are nucleoside analog ... | 1995 | 7633946 |
| synthesis, properties, and pharmacokinetic studies of n2-phenylguanine derivatives as inhibitors of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinases. | two series of selective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv1,2) thymidine kinases (tk) have been developed as potential treatment of recurrent virus infections. among compounds related to the potent base analog n2-[m-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]guanine (mcf3-pg), none was a more potent inhibitor than mcf3pg itself. compounds related to the nucleoside n2-phenyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (phdg), but with alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and related substituents at the 9-position in place of the glycosyl ... | 1995 | 7837239 |
| [in vivo observations and electron microscopy in the treatment of experimental hsv keratitis with monoclonal antibodies]. | in vivo observations and electron microscopy showed that topical use of anti-hsv monoclonal glycoprotein antibodies produced marked antiviral effects in inhibiting the development of experimental herpetic keratitis in rabbits and in protecting the susceptible corneal cells. as a new biological product, the anti-hsv monoclonal antibodies may provide a new approach to the treatment of hsv keratitis. | 1994 | 7843007 |
| time course of cytotoxic t lymphocyte activity after inoculation of herpes simplex virus into the anterior chamber of mice. | the time course of the activity of cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) was studied after injecting herpes simplex virus (hsv) into the anterior chamber of c3h/he mice and compared with that following corneal inoculation. ctl activity in cervical lymph nodes was suppressed during the 14 days after the inoculation, while that in the spleen increased 2 days earlier compared with the activity after corneal inoculation. the difference between the peaks of ctl activity after inoculation via each route was n ... | 1994 | 7845649 |
| the ul37 protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 is associated with the tegument of purified virions. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ul37 open reading frame encodes a 120-kda late (gamma 1) phosphoprotein in infected cells. analysis of isolated mature hsv virions and light particles revealed that the ul37 protein is a component of the virion. detergent solubilization and protease digestion experiments suggest that the ul37 protein is part of the tegument structure. indirect immunofluorescence experiments using hsv-1-infected cells and cells infected with a vaccinia recombinant virus tha ... | 1995 | 7856080 |
| viral antibody titers are influenced by hla-dr2 phenotype. | antibody serum levels against herpes simplex type 1 virus, cytomegalovirus, viral capsid antigens of epstein-barr virus, and rubella virus were evaluated in a sample of the sicilian population. results demonstrated that hla-dr2-positive individuals showed a significant increase in antibody titers, when compared to hla-dr2-negative individuals. these observations seem to be in contrast with the reported association of the hla-dr2 phenotype with an ineffective immune response against several infec ... | 1994 | 7857663 |
| human leukocyte interferon-alpha in cream for the management of genital herpes in asian women: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. | this double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the clinical efficacy and tolerance of human leukocyte interferon-alpha (2 x 10(6) iu/g) in hydrophilic cream to cure patients afflicted with first episodes of genital herpes. sixty patients aged 18-40 years (mean 24.5) with culture-confirmed herpes simplex genitalis, bearing 755 lesions (mean 12.6) were randomized to active and placebo groups. patients joined the study within 7 days (mean 4.1) of the manifestation of lesions. each patient was ... | 1995 | 7633951 |
| construction of a herpes simplex virus/varicella-zoster virus (hsv/vzv) thymidine kinase recombinant with the pathogenic potential of hsv and a drug sensitivity profile resembling that of vzv. | a recombinant of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was constructed in which the hsv thymidine kinase (tk) gene was deleted and the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) tk gene was introduced into the us5 region under the control of the human cytomegalovirus ie promoter. infection with the recombinant (r18) led to the induction of tk although the kinetics of synthesis resembled those of a 'late' gene product. the recombinant was virulent in the zosteriform mouse model with the pattern of pathogenesis similar to ... | 1995 | 7636473 |
| co-infection and synergy of human immunodeficiency virus-1 and herpes simplex virus-1. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) uses the cd4 molecule, expressed by t helper cells and activated macrophages, as a receptor for entry into host cells. in tissues co-infected with herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1), hiv-1 virions were observed to infect keratinocytes, which, because they lack the cd4 molecule, are normally incapable of being infected by hiv-1. although a number of other viruses have been reported to enhance hiv-1 viral transcription in vitro, this is the first in-vivo report ... | 1994 | 7905094 |
| the bovine herpesvirus alpha gene trans-inducing factor activates transcription by mechanisms different from those of its herpes simplex virus type 1 counterpart vp16. | in herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, viral gene expression is initiated when the immediate-early, or alpha, genes are transactivated by the alpha gene trans-inducing factor (alpha tif), a component of the infecting virion. the protein binds to one or more recognition elements (taatgarat) in the promoters of alpha genes via interaction with the cellular proteins oct-1 and cff. the alpha tif of hsv (hsv-alpha tif) is believed to subsequently accelerate the assembly of the transcription co ... | 1995 | 7636962 |
| the dna ligands influence the interactions between the herpes simplex virus 1 origin binding protein and the single strand dna-binding protein, icp-8. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) origin binding protein, obp, is a dna helicase specifically stimulated by the viral single strand dna-binding protein, icp-8. the stimulation is dependent on direct protein-protein interactions between the c-terminal domain of obp, delta obp, and icp 8 (boehmer, p.e., craigie, m.c., stow, n.d., and lehman, i.r. (1994) j. biol. chem. 269, 29329-29334). we have now observed that this interaction is dramatically influenced by the nature of the dna ligand. sta ... | 1995 | 7642564 |
| quantitative studies on cd4+ and cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses against herpes simplex virus type 1 in normal and beta 2-m deficient mice. | against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infected target cells, effector t cells of both cd4- cd8+ and cd4+ cd8- phenotypes occur in both man and mice. in man, the cd4+ cd8- phenotype may dominate the response, but the situation in the mouse is unclear. in this report, several approaches are used to document the existence of hsv-1-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) of both phenotypes and to quantitate the frequency of their ctl precursors (ctl-p) in acutely hsv-1 infected animals. evidenc ... | 1994 | 7916329 |
| induction of mhc-unrestricted cytolytic cd4+ t cells against virally infected target cells by cross-linking cd4 molecules. | cross-linking cd4 molecules with the use of specific mabs induced ag-nonspecific, mhc-unrestricted killing by human or bovine cd4+ t cells and human allospecific t cell clones against virally infected (bovine herpesvirus-1 and herpes simplex virus-1) target cells. heat-aggregated goat igg anti-mouse igg elevated cd4 cross-linking efficiency, resulting in augmented killing activity by effector cells. however, ab-activated effector cells failed to kill tumor target cell lines, e.g., k562, daudi (h ... | 1994 | 7930600 |
| identification of salivary proteins inhibiting herpes simplex virus 1 replication. | salivary proteins play an important role in the maintenance of the oral ecology. previous studies have indicated that human submandibular-sublingual and parotid salivas can selectively suppress the in vitro infectivity of herpes simplex virus 1. the purpose of this study was to identify the salivary components in human submandibular-sublingual saliva that modulate in vitro infectivity. assessment of the interaction of viral particles with salivary components was accomplished using an in vitro so ... | 1995 | 7644274 |
| the role of ambiental agents in behçet's disease. | to evaluate the potential role of environmental agents in the etiopathogenesis of behçet's disease. | 1995 | 7655866 |
| initial characterization of the membrane-associated form of icp4 of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the immediate-early gene product, icp4, of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is one of the major transcriptional regulatory proteins in the virus replicative process and is localized primarily within the nucleus soon after its synthesis. earlier studies have shown that detectable amounts of icp4 are also associated with the plasma membranes of infected cells (f. yao and r. j. courtney, j. virol. 65:1516-1524, 1991). to extend our understanding of the properties of the membrane-associated icp4, ... | 1995 | 7666557 |
| herpes simplex virus-induced expression of 70 kda heat shock protein (hsp70) requires early protein synthesis but not viral dna replication. | the major 70 kda heat shock protein (hsp70), which is scarcely expressed in unstressed rodent cells, was apparently induced by infection with herpes simplex virus (hsv). infection with hsv types 1 and 2 elevated hsp70 mrna levels within 4 hr post-infection. hsp70 synthesis and accumulation increased in hsv-infected cells. irradiation of hsv with uv-light abolished the ability to induce hsp70 mrna. inhibitors of viral dna synthesis did not affect the induction of hsp70 in infected cells. protein ... | 1994 | 7935054 |
| anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function. | the possibility that neurons in the basal ganglia and cerebellum innervate areas of the cerebral cortex that are involved in cognitive function has been a controversial subject. here, retrograde transneuronal transport of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) was used to identify subcortical neurons that project via the thalamus to area 46 of the primate prefrontal cortex. this cortical area is known to be involved in spatial working memory. many neurons in restricted regions of the dentate nucleus ... | 1994 | 7939688 |
| role of anisomorphic dna conformations in the negative regulation of a herpes simplex virus type 1 promoter. | the a sequence is a bifunctional element in the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genome which possesses both the signals required for the cleavage and encapsidation of replicated viral dna and the promoter-regulatory sequences for the gene encoding the viral neurovirulence factor icp34.5. since the icp34.5 promoter lacks features that are characteristic of most hsv-1 promoters, including a canonical tata box, an initiator element, and upstream binding sites for host cell transcription factors ... | 1994 | 7941324 |
| herpes simplex virus icp0 and icp4 immediate early proteins strongly enhance expression of a retrovirus harboured by a leptomeningeal cell line from a patient with multiple sclerosis. | a leptomeningeal cell line (lm7) harbouring an unknown retrovirus was recently isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with multiple sclerosis. however, spontaneous expression of the lm7 retrovirus in this primary culture is quite low. we present results showing that in vitro infection of lm7 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), but not that of control cells, results in (i) potent stimulation of the specific reverse transcriptase (rt) activity detected in the culture supern ... | 1993 | 7678635 |
| induction of interleukin-8 gene expression is associated with herpes simplex virus infection of human corneal keratocytes but not human corneal epithelial cells. | interleukin-8 (il-8) is a proinflammatory cytokine released at sites of tissue damage by various cell types. one important function of il-8 is to recruit neutrophils into sites of inflammation and to activate their biological activity. stromal keratitis induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is characterized by an initial infiltration of neutrophils. this study was carried out to determine whether cells resident in the cornea synthesize il-8 after virus infection. pure cultures of epithe ... | 1993 | 7687302 |
| the product of the ul31 gene of herpes simplex virus 1 is a nuclear phosphoprotein which partitions with the nuclear matrix. | the nucleotide sequence of the ul31 open reading frame is predicted to encode a basic protein with a hydrophilic amino terminus and a nuclear localization signal. to identify its gene product, we constructed a viral genome in which the thymidine kinase gene was inserted between the ul31 and ul32 open reading frames. the thymidine kinase gene was then deleted, and in the process, the 5' terminus of the ul31 open reading frame was replaced with a 64-bp sequence in frame with the complete, authenti ... | 1993 | 7692079 |
| mapping, cloning and sequencing of a glycoprotein-encoding gene from bovine herpesvirus type 1 homologous to the ge gene from hsv-1. | in order to map and identify the glycoprotein-encoding gene from bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), homologous to the ge glycoprotein from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), a region of the unique short sequence from the bhv-1 genome has been sequenced. the sequenced region contains an orf coding for a polypeptide of 575 amino acids (aa). the aa sequence presents substantial similarity to that of the glycoprotein ge from hsv-1 and to homologous proteins of related viruses such as pseudorabies ... | 1994 | 7958994 |
| role of acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex virus keratitis. | | 1994 | 7960531 |
| alteration of intracerebral cytokine production in mice infected with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | previously we reported that a lethal strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infects the brain following ocular inoculation of mice. we now demonstrate that hsv-2 mediates an unusual intracellular sequestering of class ii major histocompatibility complex (mhc) antigens. with use of an rnase protection assay, we observed a selective inhibition of ifn-gamma and il-6 gene transcription in brains of mice infected with hsv-2. it is likely that the inhibition of cytokine gene expression was medi ... | 1994 | 7962482 |
| two overlapping transcription units which extend across the l-s junction of herpes simplex virus type 1. | a region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome located upstream of the alpha 0 promoter contains a promoter which regulates transcription in the opposite orientation to that driven by alpha 0. analyses of mutants from which this promoter, alpha x, was deleted and a mutant in which a fragment that serves as a transcription terminator and polyadenylation signal was inserted upstream of this promoter demonstrate that two distinct transcription units overlap this region of the genome and are tra ... | 1995 | 7707513 |
| the gene downstream of the gc homologue in feline herpes virus type 1 is involved in the expression of virulence. | feline herpesvirus type 1 (fhv-1) mutants were constructed, carrying a beta-galactosidase marker gene integrated into the region downstream of the gene encoding the homologue of glycoprotein c (gc) of herpes simplex virus type 1. in cell culture, no differences in replication were observed between mutants and the parent fhv-1 strain. however, in experimentally infected cats, mutants caused fewer clinical signs after oronasal administration although they replicated to the same extent as the paren ... | 1994 | 7964620 |
| vitreous fluid sampling and viral genome detection for the diagnosis of viral retinitis in patients with aids. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) causes severe necrotizing retinitis in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and other herpesviruses have been implicated in the acute retinal necrosis syndrome (arn), seen in both the immunocompetent and the immunosuppressed. at present the diagnosis of viral retinitis relies solely on clinical appearances. in order to assess whether the detection of herpesvirus-specific dna in cell-free vitreous biopsy samples could be useful in the early diagnosis ... | 1994 | 7964643 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 dna replication is specifically required for high-frequency homologous recombination between repeated sequences. | using an assay for recombination that measures deletion of a beta-galactosidase gene positioned between two directly repeated 350-bp sequences in plasmids transiently maintained in cos cells, we have found that replication from a simian virus 40 origin produces a high frequency of nonhomologous recombination. in contrast, plasmids replicating from a herpesvirus origin (oris) in cos cells superinfected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) show high levels of homologous recombination between t ... | 1995 | 7707536 |
| analysis of a herpes simplex virus type 1 lat mutant with a deletion between the putative promoter and the 5' end of the 2.0-kilobase transcript. | a herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17 mutant with a deletion between genomic nucleotides 118880 and 119250 was constructed and called 17 delta sty. the deletion removes most of a putative secondary lat promoter (called lapii) as well as 370 of the first 449 nucleotides of the proposed 8.5-kb transcript believed to be the precursor of 2.0-kb lat. 17 delta sty was shown to produce major 2.0-kb lats in tissue culture. moreover, trigeminal nerves from latently infected mice contained an intact 1.4 ... | 1994 | 7966571 |
| varicella-zoster virus gene 63 encodes an immediate-early protein that is abundantly expressed during latency. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) gene 63 encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kda which has amino acid similarities with the immediate-early (ie) protein 22 (icp-22) of herpes simplex virus type 1. in order to study the expression of this protein during lytic and latent infection, gene 63 was cloned in frame and downstream from the glutathione-s-transferase gene, expressed as a fusion protein, and purified. in vzv-infected vero cells, antibodies directed against this protein det ... | 1995 | 7707559 |
| quiescent viral genomes in human fibroblasts after infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 vmw65 mutants. | the development and utilization of a tissue culture system for the analysis of quiescent, nonreplicating herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genomes is described. it was demonstrated previously that the hsv-1 vmw65 mutant in1814, which is impaired for immediate early (ie) transcription, was retained for many days in human fetal lung (hfl) fibroblasts in a quiescent 'latent' state. molecular analysis of the viral genome was not possible, however, due to residual expression of ie proteins and cons ... | 1995 | 7782770 |
| the ring finger domain of the varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 61 protein is required for its transregulatory functions. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein transactivates expression of vzv promoters. vzv orf61 is functionally homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected cell protein 0 (icp0); however, amino acid sequence homology of these two proteins is limited to the ring finger domains, a recently identified sequence motif composed of cysteine and histidine residues, located in their amino-terminal regions. a carboxy-terminal truncation mutant of icp0 (which retains ... | 1994 | 7975220 |
| a herpes simplex virus type 1 icp22 deletion mutant is altered for virulence and latency in vivo. | the in vivo function of the herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early gene icp22 has been investigated in mice and guinea pigs using a deletion mutant (del22z) of hsv-1(f) that lacks all but 18 nucleotides of the icp22 coding sequence. this mutant carries the bacterial lacz gene at the site of the deletion and makes functional beta-galactosidase, but is unable to synthesize any detectable icp22 messenger rna or protein in vitro. del22z was impaired in its ability to cause death in mice followi ... | 1994 | 7826204 |
| heat shock-induced reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in latently infected mouse trigeminal ganglion cells in dissociated culture. | an in vitro herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) latency model was established, using trigeminal ganglia from latently infected mice. when heat-treated at 43 degrees c for 3 h, reactivation followed in 76.6% of the cultures, while reactivation was not observed in non-heat-treated controls. | 1994 | 7979977 |
| a fast method for obtaining highly pure recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase. | recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (tk) was isolated in a fast and gentle two-step procedure from escherichia coli as a thrombin cleavable fusion protein. the tk was expressed as an inducible glutathione s-acetyl transferase fusion protein and purified in a first step by glutathione affinity chromatography. proteolytic cleavage of the column bound tk with thrombin led to a truncated enzyme, resulting from two new and hitherto unknown cleavage sites, determined by n-terminal ... | 1994 | 7827501 |
| an hsv-1 vector expressing tyrosine hydroxylase causes production and release of l-dopa from cultured rat striatal cells. | in this report we demonstrate that a defective herpes simplex virus type one (hsv-1) vector can express enzymatically active tyrosine hydroxylase in cultured striatal cells that are thereby converted into l-dopa-producing cells. a human tyrosine hydroxylase cdna (form ii) was inserted into an hsv-1 vector (phsvth) and packaged into virus particles using an hsv-1 strain 17 mutant in the immediate early 3 gene (either ts k or d30eba) as helper virus. cultured fibroblasts were infected with phsvth ... | 1995 | 7830040 |
| kinetic analysis of the interaction between the diphosphate of (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine, ddctp, azttp, and fiautp with human dna polymerases beta and gamma. | the inhibitory effects of the diphosphate of (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxy-propyl)cytosine (hpmpcpp) toward human dna polymerases beta and gamma were studied. the ki values of hpmpcpp were compared with the ki values of the triphosphates of 3'-azidothymidine (azttp), 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddctp) and 5-iodo-2'-fluoroarabinosyluridine (fiautp). the ki values toward dna polymerase beta in increasing order were 1.32, 1.43, 140, and 520 microm for ddctp, fiautp, azttp and hpmpcpp, respectivel ... | 1994 | 7986213 |
| transneuronal labelling of cns neurons with herpes simplex virus. | | 1994 | 7831471 |
| the ligand-binding domains of the thyroid hormone/retinoid receptor gene subfamily function in vivo to mediate heterodimerization, gene silencing, and transactivation. | the ligand-binding domains (lbds) of the thyroid/retinoid receptor gene subfamily contain a series of heptad motifs important for dimeric interactions. this subfamily includes thyroid hormone receptors (t3rs), all-trans retinoic acid (ra) receptors (rars), 9-cis ra receptors (rars and retinoid x receptors [rxrs]), the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 receptor (vdr), and the receptors that modulate the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway (ppars). these receptors bind to their dna response elements in vitr ... | 1995 | 7862171 |
| positive and negative regulation at the herpes simplex virus icp4 and icp0 taatgarat motifs. | the control of the icp0 and icp4 immediate early genes of herpes simplex virus (hsv) can critically determine the course of viral lytic or latent infections. their promoters contain so-called taatgarat motifs that are activated via a multiprotein complex which includes cellular proteins oct-1 and hcf and the viral activator (vp16 (= vmw65, alpha tif). relative to the icp4 promoter taatgagat sequence, the icp0 promoter motif has a 5' extension that includes a full octamer sequence (atgctaatgatat) ... | 1995 | 7871718 |
| mutation of a single lysine residue severely impairs the dna recognition and regulatory functions of the vzv gene 62 transactivator protein. | the product of varicella-zoster virus gene 62 (vzv 140k) is a potent transactivator protein. we have identified a region within the dna binding domain of vzv 140k that shows a striking similarity to the dna recognition helix of the homeodomain, with an especially highly conserved quartet of residues, wlqn. the 140k protein has functional counterparts within the other alphaherpesviruses, which include the major transcriptional regulatory protein of hsv-1, (icp4), and the wlqn region is highly con ... | 1994 | 7907417 |
| histological and immunopathological analysis of t-cells mediating murine hsv-1 keratitis. | thymus-derived lymphocytes play a critical role in the development of herpes simplex keratitis (hsk). t-cell subsets defined by their expression of various t-cell receptor (tcr) v beta segments were studied following corneal hsv-1 infection (p.i.). | 1994 | 8001832 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 1 deletion variant (1703) which under-produces vmw63 during immediate early conditions of infection. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 deletion variant 1703 apparently fails to synthesize the essential ie2 gene product vmw63 despite the deletion leaving the gene intact. sequence analysis revealed that the deletion removes a region to the right of ie2 comprising the 3' end of ie1, ul56 and the 3' part of ul55, stopping 555 bp downstream of the ie2 polyadenylation signal. further dna sequencing has shown that there is no secondary mutation in the ie2 gene. western blot analysis demonstrated that vm ... | 1994 | 7909833 |
| two novel genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 involved in cell fusion. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) r mutants, which were defective in fusion function, were isolated from fusion inducing strains g7471 and g51, and classified into several groups by complementation (yamamoto and kabuta, 1977; yamamoto et al. 1989). marker rescue experiments of intact dna from r mutants with ecori fragments of g7471 dna revealed that the r mutations belonging to the groups a, b, e, f, g, and h were located in ecori-g, -c, -d, -h, -b, and -d fragments, respectively. the mutation ... | 1993 | 8007624 |
| activation of rna polymerase iii transcription of human alu elements by herpes simplex virus. | we found that hsv infection of hela cells strongly induces rna polymerase iii transcription of endogenous human alu elements, resulting in the accumulation of high levels of cytoplasmic rnas initiated from alu pol iii promoters. induction required viral protein synthesis and occurred during infection with a viral mutant bearing a null mutation in the immediate-early (ie) gene encoding icp4, suggesting that one or more ie proteins are sufficient for activation. however, mutations in each of the o ... | 1994 | 8009851 |
| mutations in the cytoplasmic tail of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein h suppress cell fusion by a syncytial strain. | we have developed a complementation assay, using transiently transfected cos cells, to facilitate a molecular analysis of the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein gh. when infected by a gh-null syncytial virus, cos cells expressing wild-type gh generate infectious progeny virions and form a syncytium with neighboring cells. by deletion and point mutagenesis, we have found particular residues in the gh cytoplasmic tail to be essential for generation of a syncytium but apparently dispensable f ... | 1994 | 7933080 |
| the herpes simplex virus ul20 protein compensates for the differential disruption of exocytosis of virions and viral membrane glycoproteins associated with fragmentation of the golgi apparatus. | the golgi apparatus is fragmented and dispersed in vero cells but not in human 143tk- cells infected with wild-type herpes simplex virus 1. moreover, a recombinant virus lacking the gene encoding the membrane protein ul20 (ul20- virus) accumulates in the space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes of vero cells but is exported and spreads from cell to cell in 143tk- cell cultures. here we report that in vero cells infected with ul20- virus, the virion envelope glycoproteins were of the i ... | 1994 | 7933123 |
| analysis of the cytolytic t-lymphocyte response to herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein b during primary and secondary infection. | the immune response to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection in c57bl/6 mice includes a population of major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted cytolytic t lymphocytes (ctl) that recognize the structural glycoprotein gb. to gain insight into the importance of this ctl subpopulation in vivo, gb-specific ctl present in the regional lymph nodes after a primary infection and after a reinfection of convalescent animals were analyzed. in a primary infection, gb-specific ctl precursor ... | 1994 | 7933156 |
| analysis of the thymidine kinase of a herpes simplex virus type 1 isolate that exhibits resistance to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | the mechanism responsible for the decreased sensitivity of a clinical herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) isolate, hsv-145, to (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) was examined. measurements of 50% inhibitory doses of several drugs demonstrated that although hsv-145 was sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid, adenine arabinoside and acyclovir, its sensitivity to bvdu and 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine was significantly less than that normally observed for hsv-1. analysis of the thymidylate ... | 1994 | 8021603 |
| interferon-alpha generation in mice responding to challenge with uv-inactivated herpes simplex virus. | in humans with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, an interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) response by a specialized blood mononuclear cell to herpes simplex virus (hsv) in vitro is associated with resistance to opportunistic infections. a cell type of unknown lineage, designated the natural ifn-producing cell (nipc), has been identified preliminarily as the source of these ifns and may have a role in other host defense functions. earlier studies suggested the existence of analogous h ... | 1994 | 8027590 |
| n-linked oligosaccharides on herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gd are not essential for establishment of viral latency or reactivation in the mouse eye model. | glycoprotein d (gd) is an essential component of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) envelope. it is essential for viral penetration and for cell to cell spread of virus in vitro, and is also important for neuroinvasiveness. we investigated the contribution of n-linked oligosaccharides (n-cho) on gd to viral pathogenesis. we used f-gd(qaa), a mutant virus derived from strain f of hsv-1. this virus contains three mutations in the gd gene which eliminate all signals for addition of n-cho. these mutatio ... | 1994 | 8030209 |
| [sensitivities to other antiviral drugs and thymidine kinase activity of aciclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1]. | sensitivity tests of various antiviral drugs on aciclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were done in vitro. activity of thymidine kinase (tk) of the aciclovir-resistant strains was also investigated. a strain of hsv-1 isolated from a patient with herpes labialis was grown in eagle's minimum essential medium containing 10(-6)m aciclovir (acv) and passaged 20 times. then acv-resistant strains of hsv-1 were obtained. sensitivity tests of 5 anti-herpetic agents (acv, ganci ... | 1994 | 8030564 |
| the hsv-1 2-kb latency-associated transcript is found in the cytoplasm comigrating with ribosomal subunits during productive infection. | we have examined the nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of the latency-associated transcripts (lats) of hsv-1. during latency these transcripts accumulate in the nuclei of neurons in the peripheral and central nervous system of infected animals. however, our northern blot analyses demonstrate that the 2-kb lat is found in the cytoplasm of hsv-1-infected cv-1 cells, and brainstems of hsv-1 productively infected mice. like the nuclear lat from latently infected tissue, most of the cytoplasmic 2- ... | 1994 | 7941340 |
| prevalence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus in pregnant women in stockholm in 1969, 1983 and 1989: implications for std epidemiology. | prevalence of antibody to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 was assessed in consecutive serum samples from a total of 3700 women pregnant in 1969, 1983, or 1989 from the same catchment area in stockholm. there was little change in seroprevalence of antibody to herpes simplex type 1 in the 3 groups, but age-adjusted herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody prevalence was 19, 33, and 33% respectively. increase in type 2 seropositivity with age was slight and similar in 1969 and 1989, but steep in 198 ... | 1994 | 8031912 |
| successful treatment of progressive mucocutaneous infection due to acyclovir- and foscarnet-resistant herpes simplex virus with (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc). | the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc) was used topically for the treatment of persistent mucocutaneous infections in two cases. one patient with aids suffered from a perineal lesion due to infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and did not respond to acyclovir and was intolerant of foscarnet. a bone marrow transplant recipient developed orofacial lesions due to infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) that failed to r ... | 1994 | 8038312 |
| apparent increase in the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 genital infections among women. | | 1994 | 8039792 |
| the current trend in genital herpes. progress in prevention. | recent serosurveys indicate that the prevalence of genital herpes has continued to increase even during the decade of hiv. much of this continued transmission is due to the difficulty of identifying the subclinical carrier of hsv-2. the development of serologic assays that accurately distinguish hsv-1 from hsv-2 infection now allow such persons to be identified, and recent studies indicate almost all hsv-2 seropositives have symptoms and signs of reactivation hsv-2. moreover, over 50% will shed ... | 1994 | 8042114 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene product is a component of virus particles. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene encodes a protein with an m(r) of 120k that is produced at late times after infection. to study the properties of this protein we have linked a 10 amino acid epitope derived from a human cytomegalovirus protein to the ul37 polypeptide coding sequences by inserting an oligonucleotide at a spei site that is unique in the virus genome and lies close to the 3' end of the open reading frame. from studies on the resultant virus recombinant using a monoclonal a ... | 1994 | 8046407 |
| identification of a target protein of us3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus type 2. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) gene us3 has been shown to encode a serine-threonine protein kinase. in this study, we have tried to identify target proteins of the us3 protein kinase using a us3 lacz insertion mutant of hsv-2. when permeabilized cells were labelled with [gamma-32p]atp under the optimum conditions for the us3 enzyme, the most striking difference between wild-type hsv-2 strain 186- and mutant-infected cells was observed in the phosphorylation of proteins ranging in m(r) value ... | 1994 | 8046410 |
| the interaction of glycoprotein c of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with the alternative complement pathway. | glycoprotein c (gc) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) binds the human complement fragment c3b, but the two proteins differ in their ability to bind c3b on infected cell surfaces. in addition, gc-1, but not gc-2, accelerates the decay of the alternative pathway c3 convertase, thereby affecting later steps of the complement cascade. previously, we constructed linker insertion and deletion mutants of gc-1 and gc-2 and used transient transfection to express mutant proteins in ... | 1994 | 8053154 |
| acute retinal necrosis caused by reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2. | acute retinal necrosis is a severe form of necrotizing retinitis. acute retinal necrosis has been demonstrated to be caused by varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus type 1. we treated three patients with acute retinal necrosis apparently caused by recrudescence of latent herpes simplex virus type 2. primary viral infection was probably congenital, with documented perinatal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in two patients. bilateral chorioretinal scars were present in two patients, ... | 1994 | 8053466 |
| polymerase chain reaction amplification of herpes simplex viral dna from the geniculate ganglion of a patient with bell's palsy. | bell's palsy is the most common cause of facial paralysis. in this study, we demonstrate the presence of herpes simplex viral type 1 (hsv-1) genomic dna in the geniculate ganglion of a patient who had bell's palsy. this association suggests that in this patient, hsv-1 may have caused bell's palsy. if hsv-1 is a cause of bell's palsy, treatment with acyclovir may be beneficial. additional studies should be done to establish the prevalence of hsv-1 as an etiologic agent of bell's palsy. | 1994 | 7944168 |
| hsv-1 ie protein vmw110 causes redistribution of pml. | herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein vmw110 is required for fully efficient viral gene expression and reactivation from latency. at early times of viral infection, vmw110 localizes to discrete nuclear structures (known as nd10, pods or kr bodies) which contain several cellular proteins, including pml. interestingly, the unregulated growth of promyelocytic leukaemia cells is correlated with disruption of the normal state of nd10. in this paper we show that: (i) vmw110 affects the distribu ... | 1994 | 7957072 |
| hsv type i lymphadenopathy. | | 1994 | 8063293 |
| fv structure of monoclonal antibody ii-481 against herpes simplex virus fc gamma-binding glycoprotein ge contains immunodominant complementarity determining region epitopes that react with human immunoglobulin m rheumatoid factors. | human immunoglobulin m (igm) rheumatoid factors (rfs) show primary direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) reactivity with fab rather than fc fragments of monoclonal antibody (mab) ii-481 directed against the fc gamma-binding site of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein ge. this preferential anti-fab specificity suggests that rfs react with antigen-binding portions of mab ii-481 as anti-idiotypic antibodies directed at the combining site regions of mab reacting with the fc gamma-binding re ... | 1994 | 7964464 |
| involvement of lfa-1 and icam-1 in the herpetic disease resulting from hsv-1 corneal infection. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) corneal infection in immunologically normal mice results in a transient epithelial lesion followed in about 2 weeks by a potentially blinding inflammatory response in the corneal stroma, and a mild blepharitis. similarly infected t cell-deficient mice do not develop corneal stromal inflammation, but exhibit severe periocular skin disease and succumb to viral encephalitis. the role of certain adhesion molecules in both t cell activation, and in the extravasatio ... | 1995 | 7720405 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase opposes the importance of amino acid positions 251, 321 and 348 for selective recognition of substrate analogs. | seven site-directed mutants representing step-by-step transitions from the thymidine kinase (tk) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) strain f to that one of strain sc16 were constructed, recombinantly produced and kinetically characterized in order to identify which of three differences in the amino acid sequence of these two tks is/are responsible for their difference in substrate specificity. the preference of these two tks for the substrate analogs aciclovir and ganciclovir was reported to ... | 1995 | 7733991 |