| antiprotozoal activity of extracts of elaeodendron trichotomum (celastraceae). | chagas disease, amebiasis, giardiasis and trichomoniasis represent a serious health problem in latin america. the drugs employed to treat these illnesses produce important side effects and resistant strains have appeared. the present study was aimed to evaluate the antiprotozoal activity of leaves, stem bark and root bark of elaeodendron trichotomum, a celastraceus, that is used in mexico as an anti-infective in febrile-type diseases. | 2016 | 28852732 |
| synthesis, antiprotozoal activity, and chemoinformatic analysis of 2-(methylthio)-1h-benzimidazole-5-carboxamide derivatives: identification of new selective giardicidal and trichomonicidal compounds. | a series of twelve new 2-(methylthio)-1h-benzimidazole-5-carboxamide derivatives (1-12) were synthesized and their antiparasitic activity was tested in vitro against giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis and entamoeba histolytica. experimental evaluations showed ic50 values within the nanomolar range for all tested compounds, some showing higher activity than metronidazole and albendazole. a chemoinformatic study was used to compare the structure-activity relationship of the synthesized ca ... | 2017 | 28595066 |
| women with symptoms of a urinary tract infection but a negative urine culture: pcr-based quantification of escherichia coli suggests infection in most cases. | our objective was to examine whether or not women with symptoms of a urinary tract infection but with a negative culture (20%-30%) do have an infection. | 2017 | 28457846 |
| results of real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay in renal transplant recipients with sterile pyuria. | urinary tract infections are a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization after renal transplantation. patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs suffer not only from common uropathogens but also from opportunistic infections caused by unusual uropathogens. sterile pyuria is associated with numerous infectious agents including viruses, fungi, and atypical or fastidious organisms. the objective of this study was to investigate the pathogens using real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction ... | 2017 | 28735999 |
| synthesis, in vitro and in vivo giardicidal activity of nitrothiazole-nsaid chimeras displaying broad antiprotozoal spectrum. | we designed and synthesized five new 5-nitrothiazole-nsaid chimeras as analogues of nitazoxanide, using a dcc-activated amidation. compounds 1-5 were tested in vitro against a panel of five protozoa: 2 amitochondriates (giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis) and 3 kinetoplastids (leishmania mexicana, leishmania amazonensis and trypanosoma cruzi). all chimeras showed broad spectrum and potent antiprotozoal activities, with ic50 values ranging from the low micromolar to nanomolar order. comp ... | 2017 | 28645659 |
| genetic indicators of drug resistance in the highly repetitive genome of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, the most common nonviral sexually transmitted parasite, causes ∼283 million trichomoniasis infections annually and is associated with pregnancy complications and increased risk of hiv-1 acquisition. the antimicrobial drug metronidazole is used for treatment, but in a fraction of clinical cases, the parasites can become resistant to this drug. we undertook sequencing of multiple clinical isolates and lab derived lines to identify genetic markers and mechanisms of metronidaz ... | 2017 | 28633446 |
| antimicrobial activity of organometallic isonicotinyl and pyrazinyl ferrocenyl-derived complexes. | isonicotinyl and pyrazinyl ferrocenyl-derived complexes were prepared using various hydrazides and ferrocenyl aldehydes. three heterobimetallic complexes were also synthesized from the schiff base-derived isonicotinyl ferrocene complex using various platinum group metal dimers based on ruthenium, rhodium and iridium. all complexes were evaluated in vitro for antimycobacterial and antiparasitic activity. against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv, the platinum group metal complexes showed glycerol- ... | 2017 | 28713884 |
| detecting the diversity of mycoplasma and ureaplasma endosymbionts hosted by trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | objectives: the symbiosis of trichomonas vaginalis and mycoplasma hominis is the first described association between two obligate human parasites. trichomonas is the niche and the vector for the transmission of m. hominis infection. this clinically significant symbiosis may affect t. vaginalis virulence and susceptibility to treatment. the aims of this study were to investigate the intracellularly present mycoplasma and ureaplasma species in t. vaginalis strains isolated from the vaginal dischar ... | 2017 | 28702014 |
| double-stranded rna viral infection of trichomonas vaginalis (tvv1) in iranian isolates. | the totiviridae family includes a number of viruses that can infect protozoan parasites such as leishmania and giardia and fungi like saccharomyces cerevisiae. some isolates of trichomonas vaginalis are also infected with one or more double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses. in this study, the frequency of trichomonas vaginalis virus (tvv1) was evaluated in iranian isolates of t. vaginalis in tehran, iran. one thousand five hundred vaginal samples were collected from patients attending obstetrics and ... | 2017 | 28478201 |
| cryo-em structures of the 80s ribosomes from human parasites trichomonas vaginalis and toxoplasma gondii. | as an indispensable molecular machine universal in all living organisms, the ribosome has been selected by evolution to be the natural target of many antibiotics and small-molecule inhibitors. high-resolution structures of pathogen ribosomes are crucial for understanding the general and unique aspects of translation control in disease-causing microbes. with cryo-electron microscopy technique, we have determined structures of the cytosolic ribosomes from two human parasites, trichomonas vaginalis ... | 2017 | 28809395 |
| role of α-actinin 2 in cytoadherence and cytotoxicity of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a pathogen that triggers severe immune responses in hosts. t. vaginalis α-actinin 2 (tvα-actinin 2), has been used to diagnose trichomoniasis. tvα-actinin 2 was dissected into three parts, the n-terminal, central, and c-terminal portions of the protein (#1, #2, and #3, respectively). western blot of these tvα-actinin 2 proteins with pooled patients' sera indicated that tvα-actinin 2 #2 and #3, but not tvα-actinin 2 #1, reacted with those sera. immunofluorescence assays o ... | 2017 | 28838225 |
| vaginal infections in haitian immigrant women living in miami, florida. | to characterize vulvovaginal candidiasis (vc), trichomonas vaginalis (tv), and bacterial vaginosis (bv) among haitian women living in miami to identify contributing factors to cervical cancer disparity in this population. | 2017 | 28804083 |
| a competent catalytic active site is necessary for substrate induced dimer assembly in triosephosphate isomerase. | the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis contains two nearly identical triosephosphate isomerases (tvtims) that dissociate into stable monomers and dimerize upon substrate binding. herein, we compare the role of the "ball and socket" and loop 3 interactions in substrate assisted dimer assembly in both tvtims. we found that point mutants at the "ball" are only 39 and 29-fold less catalytically active than their corresponding wild-type counterparts, whereas loop 3 deletions are 1502 and 9400-f ... | 2017 | 28803140 |
| demographic and behavioural risk factors associated with trichomonas vaginalis among south african hiv-positive men with genital ulcer disease: a cross-sectional study. | demographic and risky sexual behaviours may increase the risk for trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection and, thus, enhance hiv transmission to uninfected partners. we assessed the demographic and behavioural risk factors associated with tv among south african hiv-positive men with genital ulcer disease. | 2017 | 28765124 |
| considerable genetic diversity of trichomonas vaginalis clinical isolates in a targeted population in south of iran. | the present study aimed to characterize genetically and to compare the most frequently occurring strains of trichomonas vaginalis isolated from southern iran. | 2017 | 28761486 |
| genotyping, drug susceptibility and prevalence survey of trichomonas vaginalis among women attending gynecology clinics in hamadan, western iran, in 2014-2015. | in spite of sufficient knowledge about phenotypic variation of trichomonas vaginalis, its genetic characteristics are poorly understood. we carried out a molecular epidemiology study in which in vitro metronidazole susceptibility of t. vaginalis isolates was considered. | 2017 | 28761458 |
| therapeutic effects of iranian herbal extracts against trichomonas vaginalis | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated parasite affecting about 276 million people annually worldwide. tricomoniasis is associated with different complications in pregnant women and infants. 5'-nitroimidazole derivatives (metronidazole, ornidazole, and tinidazole) are fda approved drugs recommended for trichomoniasis treatment. treatment with metronidazole 5'-nitroimidazole derivatives is associated with many side effects, and drug resistance to metronidazole has been reported in some cases. rec ... | 2017 | 28755655 |
| genome-wide identification, in silico characterization and expression analysis of zip-like genes from trichomonas vaginalis in response to zinc and iron. | trace elements such as zinc and iron are essential components of metalloproteins and serve as cofactors or structural elements for enzymes involved in several important biological processes in almost all organisms. because either excess or insufficient levels of zn and fe can be harmful for the cells, the homeostatic levels of these trace minerals must be tightly regulated. the zinc regulated transporter, iron regulated transporter-like proteins (zip) comprise a diverse family, with several para ... | 2017 | 28733845 |
| rapid and point-of-care tests for the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis in women and men. | trichomonasvaginalis (tv) is a highly prevalent parasitic infection worldwide. it is associated with many adverse reproductive health outcomes. many infections are asymptomatic and syndromic management leads to underdetection of tv. traditional methods of tv detection such as wet preparation are insensitive. new rapid, point-of-care (poc) tests can enhance the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. | 2017 | 28684611 |
| very low sensitivity of wet mount microscopy compared to pcr against culture in the diagnosis of vaginal trichomoniasis in uganda: a cross sectional study. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) causes the trichomoniasis syndrome composed of vaginitis in women, urethritis in men and tube infection in both sexes. this infection is strongly associated with premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, low birth weight, promoting hiv sexual transmission and infertility. prevention of these complications requires accurate early detection and effective treatment of infected individuals. in the resource limited settings, the wet mount microscopy (wmm) is often t ... | 2017 | 28683790 |
| trichomonas vaginalis is rare among women in iceland. | | 2017 | 28681060 |
| polyamine transport and synthesis in trichomonas vaginalis: potential therapeutic targets. | polyamines are essential for many biological processes in all organisms. here we show a current landscape of studies and strategies implemented for the study of polyamine metabolism, as well as molecular aspects that implicate the role of key enzymes, transport proteins, inhibitors, and the study of novel molecules as potential therapeutic targets. this review focused on the synthesis, interconversion and function of these molecules in trichomonas vaginalis, a common sexually transmitted parasit ... | 2017 | 28671057 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection and risk of prostate cancer: associations by disease aggressiveness and race/ethnicity in the plco trial. | results from previous sero-epidemiologic studies of trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate cancer (pca) support a positive association between this sexually transmitted infection and aggressive pca. however, findings from previous studies are not entirely consistent, and only one has investigated the possible relation between t. vaginalis seropositivity and pca in african-american men who are at highest risk of both infection and pca. therefore, we examined this possible relation in the pr ... | 2017 | 28669054 |
| antitrichomonal activity of δ opioid receptor antagonists, 7-benzylidenenaltrexone derivatives. | the 7-benzylidenenaltrexone (bntx) derivatives 2a-v, 3a-c, 13a-c, and 14a were synthesized from naltrexone (1) and evaluated for their antitrichomonal activity. the structure-activity-relationship studies found that 4-iodo-bntx (2g) showed the highest activity (ic50=10.5µm) and the affinity for the opioid receptor was less important for antitrichomonal activity against trichomonas vaginalis. the morphinan skeleton bearing both the double bond for a michael acceptor and the phenolic hydroxy group ... | 2017 | 28662966 |
| candidatus mycoplasma girerdii replicates, diversifies, and co-occurs with trichomonas vaginalis in the oral cavity of a premature infant. | genital mycoplasmas, which can be vertically transmitted, have been implicated in preterm birth, neonatal infections, and chronic lung disease of prematurity. our prior work uncovered 16s rrna genes belonging to a novel, as-yet-uncultivated mycoplasma (lineage 'mnola') in the oral cavity of a premature neonate. here, we characterize the organism's associated community, growth status, metabolic potential, and population diversity. sequencing of genomic dna from the infant's saliva yielded 1.44 gb ... | 2017 | 28630471 |
| audit of trichomonas vaginalis test requesting by community referrers after a change from culture to molecular testing, including a cost analysis. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) prevalence varies among different communities and peoples. the availability of robust molecular platforms for the detection of tv has advanced diagnosis; however, molecular tests are more costly than phenotypic methodologies, and testing all urogenital samples is costly. we recently replaced culture methods with the aptima trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification test on specific request and as reflex testing by the laboratory, and have audited this change. | 2017 | 28617786 |
| trichomonas vaginalis is very rare among women with vaginal discharge in podlaskie province, poland. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common curable sexually transmitted pathogen globally. however, in the european union (eu), trichomoniasis appears to be a rare condition. the aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of t. vaginalis among females attending an sti centre in bialystok, poland, using the highly sensitive and specific aptima t. vaginalis assay. consecutive females, referred by gynaecologists mainly because of abnormal vaginal discharge, were diagnosed using wet mount microsc ... | 2017 | 28612378 |
| unique trichomonas vaginalis gene sequences identified in multinational regions of northwest china. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) is a flagellated protozoan parasite that infects humans worldwide. this study determined the sequence of the 18s ribosomal rna gene of t. vaginalis infecting both females and males in xinjiang, china. samples from 73 females and 28 males were collected and confirmed for infection with t. vaginalis, a total of 110 sequences were identified when the t. vaginalis 18s ribosomal rna gene was sequenced. these sequences were used to prepare a phylogenetic network. t ... | 2017 | 28603223 |
| the fluorescent protein ilov outperforms egfp as a reporter gene in the microaerophilic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan causing a notorious urogenital infection in humans. due to its anaerobic metabolism, an alternative fluorescent protein that can be readily expressed in oxygen-deprived conditions is ideal. this study assessed the performance of ilov, which does not require oxygen to function, as compared to the conventional enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) in t. vaginalis. the results indicated that ilov outperforms egfp in both transient and stable expr ... | 2017 | 28602728 |
| potential of synthetic endoperoxides against trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. | metronidazole is well known for medicine against trichomonas vaginalis infection, but it has side effects though it is effective, and especially because reports of metronidazole-tolerant species are increasing, the development of new medicine is being required. here, we noticed the killing effects of endoperoxide compounds, n-89 and n-251 as new antimalarial drug candidates, on t. vaginalis and searched the possibility of development of new medicine. we added each of metronidazole, artemisinin, ... | 2017 | 28571765 |
| c-reactive protein is differentially modulated by co-existing infections, vitamin deficiencies and maternal factors in pregnant and lactating indigenous panamanian women. | the usefulness of c-reactive protein (crp) as a non-specific marker of inflammation during pregnancy and lactation is unclear in impoverished populations where co-existing infections and vitamin deficiencies are common. | 2017 | 28571565 |
| strategies for prevention and treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infections. | the last estimated annual incidence of trichomonas vaginalis worldwide exceeds that of chlamydia and gonorrhea combined. this critical review updates the state of the art on advances in t. vaginalis diagnostics and strategies for treatment and prevention of trichomoniasis. in particular, new data on treatment outcomes for topical administration of formulations are reviewed and discussed. | 2017 | 28539504 |
| a community based study on pelvic inflammatory disease in postmenopausal females: microbiological spectrum and socio-demographic correlates. | pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) is a common and serious complication of sexually transmitted diseases in young women but is rarely diagnosed in the postmenopausal women. very few studies have been done regarding post-menopausal pid. | 2017 | 28511414 |
| interaction between trichomonas vaginalis and the prostate epithelium. | most men infected with trichomonas vaginalis are asymptomatic and can remain undiagnosed and untreated. this has been hypothesized to result in chronic persistent prostatic infection. adhesion of the protozoan organisms to mucosal cells is considered a first and prerequisite step for t. vaginalis infection. adhesion of t. vaginalis to prostate epithelial cells has not yet been observed; however, there are several reports about inflammation of prostate epithelial cells induced by t. vaginalis. th ... | 2017 | 28506046 |
| differential protein expressions in virus-infected and uninfected trichomonas vaginalis. | protozoan viruses may influence the function and pathogenicity of the protozoa. trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan that could contain a double stranded rna (dsrna) virus, t. vaginalis virus (tvv). however, there are few reports on the properties of the virus. to further determine variations in protein expression of t. vaginalis, we detected 2 strains of t. vaginalis; the virus-infected (v(+)) and uninfected (v(-)) isolates to examine differentially expressed proteins upon tvv infecti ... | 2017 | 28506033 |
| glycogen synthase from the parabasalian parasite trichomonas vaginalis: an unusual member of the starch/glycogen synthase family. | trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protist, is the causative agent of the common sexually-transmitted infection trichomoniasis. the organism has long been known to synthesize substantial glycogen as a storage polysaccharide, presumably mobilizing this compound during periods of carbohydrate limitation, such as might be encountered during transmission between hosts. however, little is known regarding the enzymes of glycogen metabolism in t. vaginalis. we had previously described the identificatio ... | 2017 | 28465215 |
| immunocytochemistry improving the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infections. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunocytochemistry (icc) to diagnose trichomoniasis, particularly asymptomatic infections. by culture serial dilutions, icc was able to detect 1 trophozoite/ml, while the culture was positive up to 100 trophozoites/ml. the icc in vivo detection capability was assessed in vaginal secretions of mice experimentally infected and in vaginal swabs from asymptomatic hiv-positive pregnant women compared with culture. all vaginal secretion samples from mice were ... | 2017 | 28424786 |
| aetiological agents of vaginitis in nigerian women. | this study focuses on the identification of aetiological agents of vaginitis in nigerian women. study subjects are drawn from patients presenting with lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge and itching at the gynaecology clinic of lagos university teaching hospital and at the clinical centre of the nigerian institute of medical research, yaba, lagos, between january 2001 and july 2002. a total of 250 patients gave informed consent to participate in the study. the patients also had pre- and post ... | 2004 | 28696900 |