| rv2466c mediates the activation of tp053 to kill replicating and non-replicating mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the emergence of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis highlights the need to discover new antitubercular agents. here we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new series of thienopyrimidine (tp) compounds that kill both replicating and non-replicating m. tuberculosis. the strategy to determine the mechanism of action of these tp derivatives was to generate resistant mutants to the most effective compound tp053 and to isolate the genetic mutat ... | 2014 | 24877756 |
| detection of mutations in the katg gene among isoniazid-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from lebanon and syria. | | 2014 | 27873591 |
| stratifying low level isoniazid resistance using additional intermediate drug concentration. | isoniazid (inh) susceptibility testing for 100 mycobacterium tuberculosis performed by conventional minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) method was stratified using additional drug concentrations. introduction of additional drug concentrations did not greatly improve the discriminatory capacity, but can be used in specialized studies pertaining to cross resistance between structural analogues of inh. | 2014 | 26786338 |
| identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria by partial gene sequencing and public databases. | nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are a heterogeneous group of microorganisms with distinct clinical relevance. the treatment of ntm infections depends significantly upon the crucial identification of species at this level. the steady increase of mycobacteria species, the use of time-consuming techniques and the lack of standardized identification methods makes the achievement of this goal a demanding challenge. additionally, inaccurate diagnosis can lead to therapeutic approaches consistent wit ... | 2014 | 26786337 |
| investigating structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action of antitubercular 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-nitrobenzylidene) pyrazolidine-3,5-dione [cd59]. | the objective of this study is to synthesize and evaluate 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-nitrobenzylidene) pyrazolidine-3,5-dione (cd59) analogues to establish structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action. | 2014 | 26786333 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis central asian strain (cas) lineage strains in pakistan reveal lower diversity of miru loci than other strains. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) central asian strain (cas) lineage strains are predominant in south asia. mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats (miru-vntr) typing is an effective way of determining genetic diversity of strains. a maximum of 24 loci-based miru-vntr typing can be used, however, it is important to investigate the relevance of specific miru loci for regional strains for more cost-effective miru typing. miru-vntr typing was performed on mtb st ... | 2014 | 26786332 |
| genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in beira city, mozambique. | tuberculosis (tb) represents a serious public health problem in mozambique, with an estimated incidence rate of 548 cases per 100,000 population in 2011. information on the molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strains circulating in mozambique is limited. this study provides the first description of the genetic diversity of mtb strains circulating in beira city, the second largest town in mozambique. | 2014 | 26786330 |
| the structural modeling of the interaction between levofloxacin and the mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrase catalytic site sheds light on the mechanisms of fluoroquinolones resistant tuberculosis in colombian clinical isolates. | we compared the prevalence of levofloxacin (lvx) resistance with that of ofloxacin (ofx) and moxifloxacin (mfx) among multidrug resistant (mdr) mtb clinical isolates collected in medellin, colombia, between 2004 and 2009 and aimed at unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms that explain the correlation between qrdr-a mutations and lvx resistance phenotype. we tested 104 mdr isolates for their susceptibility to ofx, mfx, and lvx. resistance to ofx was encountered in 10 (9.6%) of the isolate ... | 2014 | 24877086 |
| shape-based virtual screening, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations to identify mtb-asadh inhibitors. | aspartate β-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asadh) is a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of essential amino acids and several important metabolites in microbes. inhibition of asadh enzyme is a promising drug target strategy against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). in this work, in silico approach was used to identify potent inhibitors of mtb-asadh. aspartyl β-difluorophosphonate (β-afp), a known lead compound, was used to understand the molecular recognition interactions (using molecular docking and ... | 2015 | 24875451 |
| [the role of imaging in thoracic tuberculosis]. | tuberculosis is an infectious disease mostly due to mycobacterium tuberculosis. it is frequent in developing countries and its incidence is rising in developed countries. lungs are the most involved organs of the chest but other structures can be affected. imaging is fundamental in the management of the disease. confirmation of diagnosis can be made only by bacteriologic and/or histologic exams. the first approach of diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and chest x-ray signs. radiologic signs ... | 2016 | 24874403 |
| association of cd209 and cd209l polymorphisms with tuberculosis infection in a northeastern brazilian population. | tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, is major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. so far, many candidate genes have been investigated for their possible association with tb. dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (icam-3) grabbing non-integrin (dc-sign) and liver/lymph node-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing non-integrin (l-sign), encoded by cd209 and cd209l genes respectively, are known for binding to m. tuberculosis on human dendriti ... | 2014 | 24874302 |
| efficient construction of unmarked recombinant mycobacteria using an improved system. | the genetic study of mycobacteria, such as mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium ulcerans, is hampered heavily by their slow growth. we have developed efficient, versatile, and improved genetic tools for constructing unmarked recombinant mycobacteria more rapidly including generating multiple mutants using the same antibiotic marker in both fast- and slow-growing mycobacteria. | 2014 | 24873745 |
| the molecular bacterial load assay replaces solid culture for measuring early bactericidal response to antituberculosis treatment. | we evaluated the use of the molecular bacterial load (mbl) assay, for measuring viable mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, in comparison with solid agar and liquid culture. the mbl assay provides early information on the rate of decline in bacterial load and has technical advantages over culture in either form. | 2014 | 24871215 |
| 4-aminoquinolone piperidine amides: noncovalent inhibitors of dpre1 with long residence time and potent antimycobacterial activity. | 4-aminoquinolone piperidine amides (aqs) were identified as a novel scaffold starting from a whole cell screen, with potent cidality on mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentrations, followed by whole genome sequencing of mutants raised against aqs, identified decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose 2'-epimerase (dpre1) as the primary target responsible for the antitubercular activity. mass spectrometry and enzyme kinetic studies indicated that aqs are noncovalent ... | 2014 | 24871036 |
| genetic diversity within mycobacterium tuberculosis complex impacts on the accuracy of genotypic pyrazinamide drug-susceptibility assay. | | 2014 | 24870943 |
| lead optimization of a novel series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine amides leading to a clinical candidate (q203) as a multi- and extensively-drug-resistant anti-tuberculosis agent. | a critical unmet clinical need to combat the global tuberculosis epidemic is the development of potent agents capable of reducing the time of multi-drug-resistant (mdr) and extensively-drug-resistant (xdr) tuberculosis therapy. in this paper, we report on the optimization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine amide (ipa) lead compound 1, which led to the design and synthesis of q203 (50). we found that the amide linker with ipa core is very important for activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. li ... | 2014 | 24870926 |
| development and characterization of spray-dried porous nanoaggregates for pulmonary delivery of anti-tubercular drugs. | tuberculosis, mtb or tubercle bacillus (tb) is a lethal, infectious disease mainly caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually mycobacterium tuberculosis. in this study, guar gum-based porous nanoaggregates were formulated by precipitation technique with two frontline antitubercular drugs, i.e. isoniazid and rifampicin. the formulations were optimized on the basis of various evaluation parameters such as morphology, density, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. the optimized f ... | 2016 | 24870203 |
| impact of genexpert mtb/rif on patients and tuberculosis programs in a low-burden setting. a hypothetical trial. | guidelines recommend routine nucleic-acid amplification testing in patients with presumed tuberculosis (tb), but these tests have not been widely adopted. genexpert mtb/rif (xpert), a novel, semiautomated tb nucleic-acid amplification test, has renewed interest in this technology, but data from low-burden countries are limited. | 2014 | 24869625 |
| association between pnca gene mutations, pyrazinamidase activity, and pyrazinamide susceptibility testing in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | we determined mics for, confirmed the presence of pnca mutations in, and performed pyrazinamidase testing on colonies (subclones) obtained from seven isolates that exhibited differential pyrazinamide (pza) susceptibility. six of the seven strains were found to exhibit characteristics resulting from the mixture of strains possessing different properties. in addition, our analysis revealed large pnca-spanning deletions (1,565 bp, 4,475 bp, and 6,258 bp) in three strains that showed high pza resist ... | 2014 | 24867972 |
| rapid diagnosis of mediastinal tuberculosis with polymerase chain reaction evaluation of aspirated material taken by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. | endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (ebus-tbna) is a diagnostic method for tuberculosis (tb). this study was conducted to determine the efficiency of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) testing for detecting tb lymphadenitis in samples obtained by ebus-tbna. | 2014 | 24866460 |
| biomarkers of cd4+ t-cell activation as risk factors for tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. | patients coinfected with hiv and mycobacterium tuberculosis frequently experience a paradoxical worsening of tuberculosis (tb) symptoms early after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cart). this immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (tb-iris) can lead to significant morbidity and needs to be distinguished from tb recurrence due to ineffective treatment. we investigated whether plasma biomarkers could predict the occurrence of tb-iris. | 2014 | 24865974 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from single outpatient clinic in panama city exhibit wide genetic diversity. | understanding mycobacterium tuberculosis biodiversity and transmission is significant for tuberculosis control. this short report aimed to determine the genetic diversity of m. tuberculosis isolates from an outpatient clinic in panama city. a total of 62 m. tuberculosis isolates were genotyped by 12 loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats (miru-vntr) and spoligotyping. forty-five (72.6%) of the isolates showed unique miru-vntr genotypes, and 13 (21%) of ... | 2014 | 24865686 |
| pulmonary tuberculosis combined with hepatic tuberculosis: a case report and literature review. | tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, may invade all organs but mainly affect lungs. most hepatic tuberculosis could be a part of systemic miliary tuberculosis. | 2015 | 24865423 |
| predicting mycobacterium tuberculosis complex clades using knowledge-based bayesian networks. | we develop a novel approach for incorporating expert rules into bayesian networks for classification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) clades. the proposed knowledge-based bayesian network (kbbn) treats sets of expert rules as prior distributions on the classes. unlike prior knowledge-based support vector machine approaches which require rules expressed as polyhedral sets, kbbn directly incorporates the rules without any modification. kbbn uses data to refine rule-based classifiers wh ... | 2014 | 24864238 |
| real time pcr quantification of viable mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum samples treated with propidium monoazide. | diagnostic methods of tb, nowadays, are prone to delay in diagnosis, increased false negative results and are not sensitive to many forms of paucibacillary disease. the aims of this study were to implement a quantitative nucleic acid-based diagnostic test for paucibacillary tuberculosis, enabling the identification and quantification of viable mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli by quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr). the intergenic region of the single-copy inha-maba gene was chosen as the targ ... | 2014 | 24863654 |
| recombinant tuberculosis vaccine aec/bc02 induces antigen-specific cellular responses in mice and protects guinea pigs in a model of latent infection. | to preliminarily evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of the recombinant tuberculosis vaccine aec/bc02 in which ag85b and fusion protein esat6-cfp10 were combined with bacillus calmette-guérin cpg and an aluminum salt-based adjuvant system. | 2015 | 24863497 |
| [cutaneous tuberculosis: case report]. | cutaneous tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. it is not very frequent and particularly difficult to diagnose. it incidence ranges between 1.5 and 4% of all extrapulmonary tuberculosis, according to bibliography. the clinic presentations depend on the arrival via of the bacillus to the skin, the patient's immune state and the environment. we show a cutaneous tuberculosis on a child with chronic dermatologic lesions, with torpid evolution, without res ... | 2014 | 24862824 |
| design of novel camphane-based derivatives with antimycobacterial activity. | although tuberculosis (tb) continues to be one of the leading infectious disease killers globally, it is curable and preventable. despite the existence of safe, well tolerated and effective drugs used in the tb treatment, the interest in new entities, combinations and regimens increases during the last 10 years. recently, we reported for a new class of anti-tb agents - camphane-based derivatives with nanomolar activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. the quantitative structure-activi ... | 2014 | 24859319 |
| transcriptional regulation of mycobacterium tuberculosis hupb gene expression. | the influence of iron levels on the transcription of the hupb gene in mycobacterium tuberculosis is the focus of this study. studies in our laboratory showed hupb to be co-expressed with the two siderophores in low-iron organisms. mycobactin biosynthesis is repressed by the ider-fe(2+) complex that binds the ider box in the mbtb promoter. recently, we demonstrated the positive regulatory effect of hupb on mycobactin biosynthesis by demonstrating its binding to a 10 bp hupb box in the mbtb promot ... | 2014 | 24858079 |
| microfluidic platform for direct capture and analysis of airborne mycobacterium tuberculosis. | airborne mycobacterium tuberculosis is the main source of tuberculosis infection, which is known as one of the worldwide infectious diseases. direct capture and analysis of airborne mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential for disease prevention and control. at present, low concentration of pathogens directly collected from the air is the major drawback for rapid analysis. herein an integrated microfluidic system capable of airborne mycobacterium tuberculosis capture, enrichment, and rapid bacter ... | 2014 | 24857567 |
| distinguishing nontuberculous mycobacteria from multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis, china. | | 2014 | 24856951 |
| nontuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory infections: advances in diagnosis and identification. | an urgent question that needs to be addressed rapidly by the mycobacteriology laboratory is whether mycobacterium tuberculosis complex or ntm is involved. naa assays are excellent tools for the purpose, and can be used directly on the clinical specimens of patients suspected of having mycobacterial disease, allowing same-day reporting of results. the cdc recommends using both liquid and solid media for growth detection of mycobacteria to decrease the time to detection and to increase the yield o ... | 2014 | 24856528 |
| synthesis and antituberculosis activity of novel 5-styryl-4-(hetero)aryl-pyrimidines via combination of the pd-catalyzed suzuki cross-coupling and s(n)(h) reactions. | combination of the suzuki cross-coupling and nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hydrogen (sn(h)) reactions proved to be a convenient method for the synthesis of 5-styryl-4-(hetero)aryl substituted pyrimidines from commercially available 5-bromopyrimidine. all intermediate 5-bromo-4-(hetero)aryl substituted pyrimidines and also the targeted 5-styryl-4-(hetero)arylpyrimidines were found to be active in micromolar concentrations in vitro against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv, avium, terrae, a ... | 2014 | 24856062 |
| characterization of a mycobacterium tuberculosis nanocompartment and its potential cargo proteins. | mycobacterium tuberculosis has evolved various mechanisms by which the bacterium can maintain homeostasis under numerous environmental assaults generated by the host immune response. m. tuberculosis harbors enzymes involved in the oxidative stress response that aid in survival during the production of reactive oxygen species in activated macrophages. previous studies have shown that a dye-decolorizing peroxidase (dyp) is encapsulated by a bacterial nanocompartment, encapsulin (enc), whereby pack ... | 2014 | 24855650 |
| draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strain cwcfvrf mdrtb 670, isolated from the sputum of a patient from chennai, india, with clinically suspected tuberculosis. | we announce the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strain (cwcfvrf mdrtb 670) isolated from sputum from a patient with clinically suspected tuberculosis. | 2014 | 24855307 |
| performance of xpert mtb/rif in induced sputum samples at detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis. | | 2014 | 24855147 |
| detection of mutations associated with isoniazid resistance in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. | to determine the prevalence of isoniazid resistance-conferring mutations among multidrug-resistant (mdr) isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis from poland. | 2014 | 24855126 |
| in silico predicted mycobacterial epitope elicits in vitro t-cell responses. | epitope-based vaccines permit the selection of only a specific subset of epitopes to induce the necessary immune response, thus providing a rational alternative to conventional design approaches. using a range of immunoinformatics tools, we identified a novel, contiguous 28 amino acid multi-epitope cluster within the highly conserved secretory protein ag85b of mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tb. this cluster, named ep85b, is composed of epitopes which bind to three hla class i ... | 2014 | 24853589 |
| synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of isoniazid and their in vitro and in vivo antimycobacterial activity evaluation. | we report herein the synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of isoniazid. most of the compounds exhibited potent activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv strain with mic99 values ranging from 0.195 to 1.56 μm in vitro. one compound showed better in vitro activity than the reference, whereas five compounds were equally potent to the reference compound isoniazid. the cytotoxicity of these compounds was studied against thp-1 cell line and no toxicity was obs ... | 2014 | 24852277 |
| antigens for cd4 and cd8 t cells in tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb), caused by infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide for which an improved vaccine and immunodiagnostics are urgently needed. cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cells play an important role in host defense to tb. definition of the antigens recognized by these t cells is critical for improved understanding of the immunobiology of tb and for development of vaccines and diagnostics. herein, the antigens and epitopes recogn ... | 2014 | 24852051 |
| inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase prevents optimal co-catabolism of glycolytic and gluconeogenic carbon substrates in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | metabolic pathways used by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) to establish and maintain infections are important for our understanding of pathogenesis and the development of new chemotherapies. to investigate the role of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (fba), we engineered an mtb strain in which fba levels were regulated by anhydrotetracycline. depletion of fba resulted in clearance of mtb in both the acute and chronic phases of infection in vivo, and loss of viability in vitro when cultured on ... | 2014 | 24851864 |
| comparative mycobacterium tuberculosis spoligotype distribution in mexico. | in the present work, we studied the genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from patients according to their gender, age, and geographic location in mexico. we did not observe any statistically significant differences in regard to age or gender. we found that spoligo international type 53 (sit53) is more frequent in the northern states and that sit119 predominates in central mexico. | 2014 | 24850349 |
| [osseous tuberculosis as a rare differential diagnosis of femoral head necrosis]. | we report on a 60-year-old immunocompetent german male patient without risk factors, who had been suffering from pain in the right hip for 8 months. | 2014 | 24849847 |
| a novel approach - the propensity to propagate (ptp) method for controlling for host factors in studying the transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | understanding the genetic variations among mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strains with differential ability to transmit would be a major step forward in preventing transmission. | 2014 | 24849817 |
| use of endo-ovarian tissue biopsy and pelvic aspirated fluid for the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis by conventional versus molecular methods. | til date, none of the diagnostic techniques available for the detection of female genital tuberculosis (fgtb) are 100% accurate. we therefore, proposed to use the endometrial tissue biopsies (etbs), ovarian tissue biopsies (otbs) and pelvic aspirated fluids (pafs) for the diagnosis of fgtb among infertile women by conventional versus molecular methods. | 2014 | 24849122 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis as a sarcoid factor? a case report of family sarcoidosis. | male, 26 final diagnosis: sarcoidosis symptoms: disseminated lung parenchymal changes medication: - clinical procedure: - specialty: pulmonology. | 2014 | 24847413 |
| tebipenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic, is a slow substrate that inhibits the β-lactamase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the genome of mycobacterium tuberculosis contains a gene, blac, which encodes a highly active β-lactamase (blac). we have previously shown that blac has an extremely broad spectrum of activity against penicillins and cephalosporins but weak activity against newer carbapenems. we have shown that carbapenems such as meropenem, doripenem, and ertapenem react with the enzyme to form enzyme-drug covalent complexes that are hydrolyzed extremely slowly. in the current study, we have determined apparent ... | 2014 | 24846409 |
| n-(2-hydroxy phenyl) acetamide: a novel suppressor of toll-like receptors (tlr-2 and tlr-4) in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are key recognition structures of immune system and recently emerged as potential contributors to the inflammation observed in human and rodent models of arthritis. present study aims to investigate the effect of n-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-acetamide (na-2) on modulation of tlrs in the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis. arthritis was induced by intradermal administration of heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra. the treatment of na-2 (5 mg/kg) and indomethacin ... | 2014 | 24846408 |
| global adaptation to a lipid environment triggers the dormancy-related phenotype of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | strong evidence supports the idea that fatty acids rather than carbohydrates are the main energy source of mycobacterium tuberculosis during infection and latency. despite that important role, a complete scenario of the bacterium's metabolism when lipids are the main energy source is still lacking. here we report the development of an in vitro model to analyze adaptation of m. tuberculosis during assimilation of long-chain fatty acids as sole carbon sources. the global lipid transcriptome reveal ... | 2014 | 24846381 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis from humans and cattle in namwala district, zambia. | mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis in humans, is considered primarily a human pathogen. it has, however, been reported in a wide range of domestic and wild animals, often living in close prolonged contact with humans. sputum samples in which acid fast bacteria were detected in smears were collected from patients at three health facilities in namwala district, zambia. samples from cattle presenting gross lesions compatible with bovine tuberculosis were collected at a ... | 2014 | 24845573 |
| deficiency of double-strand dna break repair does not impair mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence in multiple animal models of infection. | mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence within its human host requires mechanisms to resist the effector molecules of host immunity, which exert their bactericidal effects through damaging pathogen proteins, membranes, and dna. substantial evidence indicates that bacterial pathogens, including m. tuberculosis, require dna repair systems to repair the dna damage inflicted by the host during infection, but the role of double-strand dna break (dsb) repair systems is unclear. double-strand dna breaks ... | 2014 | 24842925 |
| evaluation of a prednisolone acetate-loaded subconjunctival implant for the treatment of recurrent uveitis in a rabbit model. | to assess the efficacy of a biodegradable, prednisolone acetate implant in a rabbit uveitis model. | 2014 | 24842851 |
| selective targeting of the conserved active site cysteine of mycobacterium tuberculosis methionine aminopeptidase with electrophilic reagents. | methionine aminopeptidases (metaps) cleave initiator methionine from ~ 70% of the newly synthesized proteins in every living cell, and specific inhibition or knockdown of this function is detrimental. metaps are metalloenzymes, and are broadly classified into two subtypes, type i and type ii. bacteria contain only type i metaps, and the active site of these enzymes contains a conserved cysteine. by contrast, in type ii enzymes the analogous position is occupied by a conserved glycine. here, we r ... | 2014 | 24841365 |
| alterporriol-type dimers from the mangrove endophytic fungus, alternaria sp. (sk11), and their mptpb inhibitions. | a new alterporriol-type anthranoid dimer, alterporriol s (1), along with seven known anthraquinone derivatives, (+)-as-alterporriol c (2), hydroxybostrycin (3), halorosellinia a (4), tetrahydrobostrycin (5), 9α-hydroxydihydrodesoxybostrycin (6), austrocortinin (7) and 6-methylquinizarin (8), were isolated from the culture broth of the mangrove fungus, alternaria sp. (sk11), from the south china sea. their structures and the relative configurations were elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopi ... | 2014 | 24840716 |
| a human dendritic cell-based in vitro model to assess mycobacterium tuberculosis so2 vaccine immunogenicity. | among the tuberculosis (tb) vaccine candidates, so2 is the prototype of the first live-attenuated vaccine that recently entered into clinical trials. to investigate the capacity of so2 to stimulate an appropriate immune response in vitro within a human immunological context, a comparative analysis of the effects promoted by so2, the current bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccine and mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) was conducted in human primary dendritic cells (dc), which are critical modulators ... | 2014 | 24840067 |
| pancreatic tuberculosis or autoimmune pancreatitis. | introduction. isolated pancreatic and peripancreatic tuberculosis is a challenging diagnosis due to its rarity and variable presentation. pancreatic tuberculosis can mimic pancreatic carcinoma. similarly, autoimmune pancreatitis can appear as a focal lesion resembling pancreatic malignancy. endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration provides an effective tool for differentiating between benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. the immune processes involved in immunoglobulin g4 related s ... | 2014 | 24839445 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis multidrug resistant strain m induces an altered activation of cytotoxic cd8+ t cells. | in human tuberculosis (tb), cd8+ t cells contribute to host defense by the release of th1 cytokines and the direct killing of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)-infected macrophages via granule exocytosis pathway or the engagement of receptors on target cells. previously we demonstrated that strain m, the most prevalent multidrug-resistant (mdr) mtb strain in argentine, is a weak inducer of ifn-γ and elicits a remarkably low cd8-dependent cytotoxic t cell activity (ctl). in contrast, the closely r ... | 2014 | 24836916 |
| antimycobacterial activity of chiral aminoalcohols with camphane scaffold. | a series of aminoalcohols were synthesized by reaction of aminolysis of camphor derived oxiranes with chosen amines. the compounds were evaluated for their in vitro activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. ten of the new structures show much higher activity than the classical anti-tb drug ethambutol. some of the most active compounds were tested against mdr strain 43, and four of them demonstrated excellent activities with mics 0.27-0.72 μm. the cytotoxicity of representative exerting ... | 2014 | 24836067 |
| design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel isoniazid derivatives with potent antitubercular activity. | the disturbing emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) has been driving the scientific community to urgently search for new and efficient antitubercular drugs. despite the various drugs currently under evaluation, isoniazid is still the key and most effective component in all multi-therapeutic regimens recommended by the who. this paper describes the qsar-oriented design, synthesis and in vitro antitubercular activity of several potent isoniazid derivatives ( ... | 2014 | 24836065 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted 4,6-diarylpyrimidines and 3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-pyrazoles as anti-tubercular agents. | various substituted 4,6-diarylpyrimidin-2-amine (4), 4,6-diaryl-2-(heteroaryl)pyrimidine (6) and 1-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanone (7) derivatives were synthesized in good yields using simple methodology. the synthesized compounds (4-7) were evaluated for their in vitro anti-tubercular activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv strain. compounds 4a, 6b, 7b, and 7c exhibited significant anti-tubercular activity at mic values 25, 25, 12.5 and 12.5 μm concentration. in vitro ... | 2014 | 24835631 |
| prevalence and drug resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis among new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in eastern ethiopia. | the study aimed at determining the prevalence and drug resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis among new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients visiting tb diagnosis and treatment facilities at selected health facilities in eastern ethiopia. a cross-sectional study was conducted between october 2011 and may 2013. a total of 408 new adult pulmonary tb patients (≥ 18 years) were enrolled in this study. three consecutive sputum samples (spot, morning, and spot) were collected from ... | 2014 | 24834351 |
| unexpected role for il-17 in protective immunity against hypervirulent mycobacterium tuberculosis hn878 infection. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (tb), infects one third of the world's population. among these infections, clinical isolates belonging to the w-beijing appear to be emerging, representing about 50% of mtb isolates in east asia, and about 13% of all mtb isolates worldwide. in animal models, infection with w-beijing strain, mtb hn878, is considered "hypervirulent" as it results in increased mortality and causes exacerbated immunopathology in infected animals. ... | 2014 | 24831696 |
| etanercept exacerbates inflammation and pathology in a rabbit model of active pulmonary tuberculosis. | treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases with tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) antagonists has been associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (tb). we examined the usefulness of the rabbit model of active pulmonary tb for studying the impact of the human immune modulatory reagent etanercept on the host immune response. control of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection, disease pathology, and the global transcriptional response in mtb-infected lungs of rabbits were studied. etanerce ... | 2014 | 24831609 |
| use of amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test in respiratory samples from hiv-infected patients in brazil. | to compare the accuracy of the amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct (amtd) test with reference methods for the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis in hiv-infected patients. | 2015 | 24831399 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs in mozambique. | to determine the drug resistance profile of mycobacterium tuberculosis in mozambique. | 2017 | 24831398 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis hip1 modulates macrophage responses through proteolysis of groel2. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) employs multiple strategies to evade host immune responses and persist within macrophages. we have previously shown that the cell envelope-associated mtb serine hydrolase, hip1, prevents robust macrophage activation and dampens host pro-inflammatory responses, allowing mtb to delay immune detection and accelerate disease progression. we now provide key mechanistic insights into the molecular and biochemical basis of hip1 function. we establish that hip1 is a seri ... | 2014 | 24830429 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the modern sublineage of the beijing family are more likely to display increased virulence than strains of the ancient sublineage. | strains of the beijing genotype family of mycobacterium tuberculosis are a cause of particular concern because of their increasing dissemination in the world and their association with drug resistance. phylogenetically, this family includes distinct ancient and modern sublineages. the modern strains, contrary to the ancestral counterparts, demonstrated increasing prevalence in many world regions that suggest an enhanced bacterial pathogenicity. we therefore evaluated virulence of modern versus a ... | 2014 | 24829250 |
| human lung epithelial cells contain mycobacterium tuberculosis in a late endosomal vacuole and are efficiently recognized by cd8⁺ t cells. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is transmitted via inhalation of aerosolized particles. while alveolar macrophages are thought to play a central role in the acquisition and control of this infection, mtb also has ample opportunity to interact with the airway epithelium. in this regard, we have recently shown that the upper airways are enriched with a population of non-classical, mr1-restricted, mtb-reactive cd8⁺ t cells (mait cells). additionally, we have demonstrated that mtb-infected epitheli ... | 2014 | 24828674 |
| infectious triggers for vasculitis. | infections have been suggested to contribute to disease induction and reactivation in many of the idiopathic vasculitides. this review describes and evaluates the evidence that microbes are involved in the etiopathogenesis of these diseases. | 2014 | 24827750 |
| three new phenylpropanoids from the roots of piper taiwanense and their inhibitory activities on platelet aggregation and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | bioassay-guided fractionation of the active acoet-soluble fraction from the roots of piper taiwanense has led to the isolation of two new phenylpropanoids, taiwanensols a and b (1 and 2, resp.), a new natural product, taiwanensol c (3), and 3-acetoxy-4-hydroxy-1-allylbenzene (4). the compounds were obtained as two isomer mixtures (1/2 and 3/4, resp.). their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1d- and 2d-nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and by the comparison of ... | 2014 | 24827689 |
| non-tuberculous and tuberculous mycobacterial peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. | peritoneal dialysis (pd)-associated mycobacterium peritonitis is an important clinical entity in patients with end stage renal disease. they present a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for clinicians because clinical findings and laboratory investigations can not be differentiated from symptoms caused by non-tuberculous mycobacterium (ntm), mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb) or other bacteria. the aim of the present article is to know the differences between the clinical manifestatio ... | 2014 | 24827383 |
| lysosomal phospholipase a2: a novel player in host immunity to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | phospholipases catalyze the cleavage of membrane phospholipids into smaller bioactive molecules. the lysosomal phospholipase a2 (lpla2 ) is specifically expressed in macrophages. lpla2 gene deletion in mice causes lysosomal phospholipid accumulation in tissue macrophages leading to phospholipidosis. this phenotype becomes most prominent in alveolar macrophages where lpla2 contributes to surfactant phospholipid degradation. high expression of lpla2 in alveolar macrophages prompted us to investiga ... | 2014 | 24825529 |
| alteration of the flexible loop in 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase boosts enthalpy-driven inhibition by fosmidomycin. | 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (dxr), which catalyzes the first committed step in the 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis used by mycobacterium tuberculosis and other infectious microorganisms, is absent in humans and therefore an attractive drug target. fosmidomycin is a nanomolar inhibitor of dxr, but despite great efforts, few analogues with comparable potency have been developed. dxr contains a strictly conserved residue, trp203, within a f ... | 2014 | 24825256 |
| clinical diagnostic performance of the simultaneous amplification and testing methods for detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex for smear-negative or sputum-scarce pulmonary tuberculosis in china. | early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) is a big challenge in smear negative and sputum scarce patients in china. simultaneous amplification and testing methods for detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) complex (sat-tb assay) is a novel molecular technique established in our hospital. this method has a high sensitivity and specificity in the lab. in this study, the clinical diagnostic performance of this method in smear-negative or sputum-scarce ptb suspects was investigated ... | 2014 | 24824246 |
| tuberculosis of the temporomandibular joint: a case of misdiagnosis. | tuberculosis (tb), an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, continues to be a major health problem worldwide. primary tb infection is mostly pulmonary, but it may also occur in the lymph nodes, abdomen, skin, meninges, joints, and central nervous system. tb in the head and neck region usually occurs in the cervical lymph nodes, but is extremely rare in the temporomandibular joint (tmj). this rarity increases the risk for not considering tb in the differential diagnosis of pati ... | 2014 | 24822240 |
| application status of maldi-tof mass spectrometry in the identification and drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | characterizing mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and detecting its drug resistance are challenging for clinical laboratory diagnosis, largely due to its slow growth and higher rate of genetic mutation. matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) is a revolutionary technique for the routine identification of microorganisms. in this review, we discuss the application status of mass spectrometry in the identification and drug resistance of m. tuberculo ... | 2014 | 24822112 |
| the ongoing challenge of latent tuberculosis. | the global health community has set itself the task of eliminating tuberculosis (tb) as a public health problem by 2050. although progress has been made in global tb control, the current decline in incidence of 2% yr(-1) is far from the rate needed to achieve this. if we are to succeed in this endeavour, new strategies to reduce the reservoir of latently infected persons (from which new cases arise) would be advantageous. however, ascertainment of the extent and risk posed by this group is poor. ... | 2014 | 24821923 |
| human genetics of tuberculosis: a long and winding road. | only a small fraction of individuals exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis develop clinical tuberculosis (tb). over the past century, epidemiological studies have shown that human genetic factors contribute significantly to this interindividual variability, and molecular progress has been made over the past decade for at least two of the three key tb-related phenotypes: (i) a major locus controlling resistance to infection with m. tuberculosis has been identified, and (ii) proof of principle tha ... | 2014 | 24821915 |
| the pyrazinamide susceptibility breakpoint above which combination therapy fails. | to identify the pyrazinamide mic above which standard combination therapy fails. | 2014 | 24821594 |
| mycobacteria mobility shift assay: a method for the rapid identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria. | the identification of mycobacteria is essential because tuberculosis (tb) and mycobacteriosis are clinically indistinguishable and require different therapeutic regimens. the traditional phenotypic method is time consuming and may last up to 60 days. indeed, rapid, affordable, specific and easy-to-perform identification methods are needed. we have previously described a polymerase chain reaction-based method called a mycobacteria mobility shift assay (mmsa) that was designed for mycobacterium tu ... | 2014 | 24821059 |
| modeling of a new tubercular maltosyl transferase, glge, study of its binding sites and virtual screening. | recently maltosyl transferase of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb glge) belonging to α-amylase family has been identified as a potential drug target. despite its importance, its three dimensional (3d) structure is unavailable. in this study we have modeled its 3d homo-dimeric structure using its homologue in streptomyces ceolicolor (stp glge) as the template. its monomer consists of five domains and four inserts, out of which two inserts are unique to mtb glge. it also has three binding cavities. ... | 2014 | 24820953 |
| cell-specific labeling enzymes for analysis of cell-cell communication in continuous co-culture. | we report the orthologous screening, engineering, and optimization of amino acid conversion enzymes for cell-specific proteomic labeling. intracellular endoplasmic-reticulum-anchored mycobacterium tuberculosis diaminopimelate decarboxylase (ddc(m.tub-kdel)) confers cell-specific meso-2,6-diaminopimelate-dependent proliferation to multiple eukaryotic cell types. optimized lysine racemase (lyr(m37-kdel)) supports d-lysine specific proliferation and efficient cell-specific isotopic labeling. when e ... | 2014 | 24820872 |
| four year longitudinal study of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates in a region of north-eastern italy. | recent reports have suggested a change of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genetic diversity in western europe due to an increasing proportion of imported cases of tuberculosis (tb). this study analyzed a total of 705 m. tuberculosis strains isolated from 2006 to 2009 in veneto, a north-eastern italian region, to see the impact of foreign-born cases vs. italian patients on prevailing tb epidemiology. strains were genotyped using spoligotyping followed by comparison with international genotypin ... | 2014 | 24820340 |
| pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of azd5847 in a mouse model of tuberculosis. | azd5847, a novel oxazolidinone with an mic of 1 μg/ml, exhibits exposure-dependent killing kinetics against extracellular and intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis. oral administration of azd5847 to mice infected with m. tuberculosis h37rv in a chronic-infection model resulted in a 1.0-log10 reduction in the lung cfu count after 4 weeks of treatment at a daily area under the concentration-time curve (auc) of 105 to 158 μg · h/ml. the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameter that best predict ... | 2014 | 24820085 |
| tumor necrosis factor alpha in mycobacterial infection. | tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) is a critical immune mediator in protection against and pathology of tuberculosis (tb). tnf-α had been found to be associated with tb when it was originally identified as cachexin and until today tb research continues to unveil novel roles of this cytokine of highest relevance for the disease process and for novel intervention strategies. the essentiality of tnf-α for containment of active tb is reflected by redundancy of cellular sources of this cytokine, by ... | 2014 | 24819298 |
| aerosol mycobacterium tuberculosis infection causes rapid loss of diversity in gut microbiota. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is an important human pathogen, and yet diagnosis remains challenging. little research has focused on the impact of m. tuberculosis on the gut microbiota, despite the significant immunological and homeostatic functions of the gastrointestinal tract. to determine the effect of m. tuberculosis infection on the gut microbiota, we followed mice from m. tuberculosis aerosol infection until death, using 16s rrna sequencing. we saw a rapid change in the gut microbiota in resp ... | 2014 | 24819223 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in various adipose depots of infected mice and the effect of anti-tubercular therapy. | the adipocytes are one of the non-professional phagocytes postulated to be a haven for mycobacterium tuberculosis during persistence in the human host. the adipocyte - m. tuberculosis interaction data available to date are ex vivo. the present study was primarily aimed to investigate m. tuberculosis infection of adipocytes in course of infection of mouse model. using primary murine adipocytes, the study first confirmed the infection and immunomodulation of natural adipocytes by m. tuberculosis. ... | 2014 | 24819214 |
| ligand efficiency driven design of new inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptional repressor ethr using fragment growing, merging, and linking approaches. | tuberculosis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity, killing each year more than one million people. although the combined use of first line antibiotics (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) is efficient to treat most patients, the rapid emergence of multidrug resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis stresses the need for alternative therapies. mycobacterial transcriptional repressor ethr is a key player in the control of second-line drugs bioactivation such as e ... | 2014 | 24818704 |
| nanostructured lipid systems as a strategy to improve the in vitro cytotoxicity of ruthenium(ii) compounds. | tuberculosis is an ancient disease that is still present as a global public health problem. our group has been investigating new molecules with anti-tb activity. in this context, inorganic chemistry has been a quite promising source of such molecules, with excellent results seen with ruthenium compounds. nanostructured lipid systems may potentiate the action of drugs by reducing the required dosage and side effects and improving the antimicrobial effects. the aim of this study was to develop a n ... | 2014 | 24818578 |
| discovery of pyrazolopyridones as a novel class of noncovalent dpre1 inhibitor with potent anti-mycobacterial activity. | a novel pyrazolopyridone class of inhibitors was identified from whole cell screening against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). the series exhibits excellent bactericidality in vitro, resulting in a 4 log reduction in colony forming units following compound exposure. the significant modulation of minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) against a mtb strain overexpressing the rv3790 gene suggested the target of pyrazolopyridones to be decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose-2'-epimerase (dpre1). genetic m ... | 2014 | 24818517 |
| z-100, an immunomodulatory extract of mycobacterium tuberculosis strain aoyama b, prevents spontaneous lymphatic metastasis of b16-bl6 melanoma. | lymphatic metastasis is common in advanced-stage carcinoma and is associated with a poor prognosis. however, few effective treatments to inhibit it are available. z-100 is an immunomodulatory extract of mycobacterium tuberculosis strain aoyama b that contains polysaccharides such as arabinomannan and mannan. here, we investigated the inhibitory effect of z-100 on spontaneous lymphatic metastasis. c57bl/6n mice injected subcutaneously with b16-bl6 melanoma cells in the right hind footpad were adm ... | 2014 | 24818259 |
| urine lipoarabinomannan testing for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children: a prospective study. | urine tests for mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan might be useful for point-of-care diagnosis of tuberculosis in adults with advanced hiv infection, but have not been assessed in children. we assessed the accuracy of urine lipoarabinomannan testing for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in hiv-positive and hiv-negative children. | 2014 | 24818083 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the ergothioneine-biosynthetic methyltransferase egtd. | ergothioneine is an amino-acid betaine derivative of histidine that was discovered more than one century ago. despite significant research pointing to a function in oxidative stress defence, the exact mechanisms of action of ergothioneine remain elusive. although both humans and bacterial pathogens such as mycobacterium tuberculosis seem to depend on ergothioneine, humans are devoid of the corresponding biosynthetic enzymes. therefore, its biosynthesis may emerge as potential drug target in the ... | 2014 | 24817736 |
| a structural characterization of the isoniazid mycobacterium tuberculosis drug target, rv2971, in its unliganded form. | aldo-keto reductases (akr) are a large superfamily of nadph-dependent oxidoreductases and play a role in detoxification of toxic metabolites. rv2971, an akr in mycobacterium tuberculosis, has recently been identified as a target of isoniazid, a key first-line drug against tuberculosis. here, the cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and structural characterization of rv2971 are described. to gain insight into its function, the crystal structure of rv2971 was successfully determined ... | 2014 | 24817712 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins involved in mycolic acid synthesis and transport localize dynamically to the old growing pole and septum. | understanding the mechanism that controls space-time coordination of elongation and division of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (tb), is critical for fighting the tubercle bacillus. most of the numerous enzymes involved in the synthesis of mycolic acid - arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex (mapc) in the cell wall are essential in vivo. using a dynamic approach, we localized mtb enzymes belonging to the fatty acid synthase-ii (fas-ii) complexes and involved ... | 2014 | 24817274 |
| the rip1 protease of mycobacterium tuberculosis controls the sigd regulon. | regulated intramembrane proteolysis of membrane-embedded substrates by site-2 proteases (s2ps) is a widespread mechanism of transmembrane signal transduction in bacteria and bacterial pathogens. we previously demonstrated that the mycobacterium tuberculosis s2p rip1 is required for full virulence in the mouse model of infection. rip1 controls transcription in part through proteolysis of three transmembrane anti-sigma factors, anti-sigk, -l, and -m, but there are also rip1-dependent, sigklm-indep ... | 2014 | 24816608 |
| hupb, a nucleoid-associated protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis, is modified by serine/threonine protein kinases in vivo. | hu, a widely conserved bacterial histone-like protein, regulates many genes, including those involved in stress response and virulence. whereas ample data are available on hu-dna communication, the knowledge on how hu perceives a signal and transmit it to dna remains limited. in this study, we identify hupb, the hu homolog of the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis, as a component of serine/threonine protein kinase (stpk) signaling. hupb is extracted in its native state from the exponentia ... | 2014 | 24816602 |
| the structure of a novel electron-transfer ferredoxin from rhodopseudomonas palustris haa2 which contains a histidine residue in its iron-sulfur cluster-binding motif. | rhodopseudomonas palustris haa2 contains a gene, rpb3630, encoding a ferredoxin, hapuxc, with an atypical cxxhxxc(x)ncp iron-sulfur cluster-binding motif. the ferredoxin gene is associated with a cytochrome p450 (cyp) monooxygenase-encoding gene, cyp194a3, an arrangement which is conserved in several strains of bacteria. similar ferredoxin genes are found in other bacteria, such as mycobacterium tuberculosis, where they are also associated with cyp genes. the crystal structure of hapuxc has been ... | 2014 | 24816113 |
| spoligotyping of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates using hydrogel oligonucleotide microarrays. | mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. this circumstance underscores the relevance of population studies of tuberculosis for transmission dynamics control. in this study, we describe a conversion of the spoligotyping of m.tuberculosis complex isolates on a platform of custom designed hydrogel microarrays (biochips). an algorithm of automated data processing and interpretation of hybridization results using online database was proposed. in total, ... | 2014 | 24815729 |
| safety and reactogenicity of bcg revaccination with isoniazid pretreatment in tst positive adults. | global tuberculosis (tb) control may require mass vaccination with a new tb vaccine, such as a recombinant bacille calmette guerin (bcg) or attenuated mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). the safety profile of live mycobacterial vaccines in latently infected adults with prior infant bcg vaccination is unknown. | 2014 | 24814553 |