| proteome analysis of ofloxacin and moxifloxacin induced mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates by proteomic approach. | ofloxacin (ofx) and moxifloxacin (mox) are the most promising second line drugs for tuberculosis treatment. although the primary mechanism of action of ofx and mox is gyrase inhibition, other possible mechanisms cannot be ruled out. being the functional moiety of cell, the proteins act as primary targets for developing drugs, diagnostics and therapeutics. in this study we have investigated the proteomic changes of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates induced by ofx and mox by applying comparative ... | 2015 | 25666036 |
| evidence that phosphorylation of threonine in the gt motif triggers activation of pkna, a eukaryotic-type serine/threonine kinase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | phosphorylation of the activation loop in the catalytic domain of the rd family of bacterial eukaryotic-type ser/thr protein kinases (stpk) induces their conformational transition from an inactive to active state. however, mechanistic insights into the phosphorylation-mediated transition of these stpks from an inactive to active state remain unknown. in the present study, we addressed this issue with pkna, an essential stpk from mycobacterium tuberculosis. we found that the catalytic activity of ... | 2015 | 25665034 |
| polymorphisms of ftsk/spoiiie protein in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains may affect both protein function and host immune reaction. | ftsk/spoiiie family atpases are conserved throughout bacteria and are involved in the translocation of dna and proteins through membrane-spanning pores. through comparison of 26 whole-genome-sequenced m. tuberculosis complex (mtbc) strains downloaded from ncbi website, we found that ftsk/spoiiie protein presented polymorphisms. one m. bovis strain and three bcg strains even showed the two t cell epitopes missing. then we chose 159 clinical m. tuberculosis isolates from china, amplified gene enco ... | 2014 | 25664047 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis response regulators, devr and narl, interact in vivo and co-regulate gene expression during aerobic nitrate metabolism. | mycobacterium tuberculosis genes rv0844c/rv0845 encoding the narl response regulator and nars histidine kinase are hypothesized to constitute a two-component system involved in the regulation of nitrate metabolism. however, there is no experimental evidence to support this. in this study, we established m. tuberculosis narl/nars as a functional two-component system and identified his(241) and asp(61) as conserved phosphorylation sites in nars and narl, respectively. transcriptional profiling bet ... | 2015 | 25659431 |
| a rho gdp dissociation inhibitor produced by apoptotic t-cells inhibits growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in this study, we found that a subpopulation of cd4(+)cd25(+) (85% foxp3(+)) cells from persons with latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi) inhibits growth of m. tuberculosis (m. tb) in human monocyte-derived macrophages (mdms). a soluble factor, rho gdp dissociation inhibitor (d4gdi), produced by apoptotic cd4(+)cd25(+) (85% foxp3(+)) cells is responsible for this inhibition of m. tb growth in human macrophages and in mice. m. tb-expanded cd4(+c)d25(+)foxp3(+)d4gdi(+) cells do not produce il-10, ... | 2015 | 25659138 |
| revealing hidden clonal complexity in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by qualitative and quantitative improvement of sampling. | the analysis of microevolution events, its functional relevance and impact on molecular epidemiology strategies, constitutes one of the most challenging aspects of the study of clonal complexity in infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis. in this study, we retrospectively evaluated whether two improved sampling schemes could provide access to the clonal complexity that is undetected by the current standards (analysis of one isolate from one sputum). we evaluated in 48 patients the analysis by my ... | 2015 | 25658553 |
| disruption of an m. tuberculosis membrane protein causes a magnesium-dependent cell division defect and failure to persist in mice. | the identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis genes necessary for persistence in vivo provides insight into bacterial biology as well as host defense strategies. we show that disruption of m. tuberculosis membrane protein perm (rv0955) resulted in an ifn-γ-dependent persistence defect in chronic mouse infection despite the mutant's near normal growth during acute infection. the perm mutant required increased magnesium for replication and survival; incubation in low magnesium media resulted in ... | 2015 | 25658098 |
| effect of lagerstroemia tomentosa and diospyros virginiana methanolic extracts on different drug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis. the increasing incidence of multi drug resistance tuberculosis (mdr-tb) and extensively drug resistance tuberculosis (xdr-tb) worldwide highlighted the urgent need to search for alternative antimycobacterial agents. more and more people in developing countries utilize traditional medicine for their major primary health care needs. it has been determined that pharmaceutical plant, lagerstroemia tomentosa and diospyros virgin ... | 2017 | 25657789 |
| surgical management of recalcitrant peripheral bronchopleural fistula with empyema: a preliminary experience. | peripheral bronchopleural fistula (bpf) and empyema from necrotising infections of the lung and pleural is difficult to treat resulting in increased morbidity and mortality rates. the aim of this study was to show the effectiveness of the latissimus dorsi muscle (ldm) flap and patch closure techniques in the management of recalcitrant peripheral bpfs with the aid of thoracotomy. | 2017 | 25657487 |
| early detection of multi-drug resistance and common mutations in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from delhi using genotype mtbdrplus assay. | there is scarcity of prevalence data of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) data and common mutations responsible in north india. this study aimed to detect mdr-tb among mdr-tb suspects from delhi and mutation patterns using genotype mtbdrplus assay. | 2015 | 25657156 |
| association of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the causation of eales' disease: an institutional experience. | eales' disease is an idiopathic retinal vasculitis characterized by retinal inflammation, ischemia, and neo-vascularisation. it frequently causes massive vitreous haemorrhage and retinal detachment leading to blindness. although the exact etiology is unknown, this condition is considered to be a consequence of hypersensitivity reaction to tubercular protein due to previous mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) infection. this study is aimed at the detection of association of m. tuberculos ... | 2015 | 25657155 |
| in vitro activities of linezolid against clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis from shenyang, north of china. | | 2015 | 25657144 |
| extra pulmonary tuberculosis: rapid identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis grown in mycobacterium growth indicator tube 960 and lowenstein-jensen media, employing standard diagnostics bioline mycobacterium tuberculosis protein 64 antigen detection kit. | investigation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (eptb) in and around pondicherry is being carried out since august 2011 in our tertiary care super specialty hospital. | 2015 | 25657129 |
| higher blood volumes improve the sensitivity of direct pcr diagnosis of blood stream tuberculosis among hiv-positive patients: an observation study. | blood stream tuberculosis (tb), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is common among hiv-positive patients, turning rapidly fatal unless detected and treated promptly. blood culture is currently the standard test for the detection of mtb in whole blood but results take weeks; patients deteriorate markedly and often die before a diagnosis of blood stream tb is made. rapid molecular tests on whole blood, with potential for same day diagnosis of blood stream tb usually show low sensitivity du ... | 2015 | 25656799 |
| crystal structure of dehydratase component hadab complex of mycobacterial fas-ii pathway. | fatty acid biosynthesis type ii in mycobacteria delivers the fatty acids required for mycolic acid synthesis. the pathway employs a unique maoc like β-hydroxyacyl-acp dehydratase hadab or hadbc heterodimer in the third step of the elongation cycle. here we report the crystal structure of the hadab complex determined using a pb-siras method. crystal structure aided with enzymatic study establishes the roles of hada as a scaffolding component and hadb as a catalytic component together indispensabl ... | 2015 | 25656575 |
| the viability and protein expression of beijing/w lineage mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating in xinjiang, china. | beijing/w lineage strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis spread faster than other strains, tend to be more virulent and frequently associated with drug resistance. in this study, to distinguish the characteristics of beijing/w lineage and non-beijing/w lineage m. tuberculosis, we assessed the growth between the two groups under conditions of hypoxia, nutrient starvation, and intracellular growth in murine macrophages. we also examined the dna, rna, and protein levels of 5 major m. tuberculosis pr ... | 2015 | 25656263 |
| immunologic manifestations of autophagy. | the broad immunologic roles of autophagy span innate and adaptive immunity and are often manifested in inflammatory diseases. the immune effects of autophagy partially overlap with its roles in metabolism and cytoplasmic quality control but typically expand further afield to encompass unique immunologic adaptations. one of the best-appreciated manifestations of autophagy is protection against microbial invasion, but this is by no means limited to direct elimination of intracellular pathogens and ... | 2015 | 25654553 |
| improving the sensitivity of the xpert mtb/rif assay on sputum pellets by decreasing the amount of added sample reagent: a laboratory and clinical evaluation. | the xpert mtb/rif (xpert) assay permits rapid near-patient detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum; however, the test sensitivity remains suboptimal in paucibacillary specimens that are negative for acid-fast bacilli using smear microscopy. xpert testing includes dilution with sample reagent, and when processed sputum pellets are tested, the recommended sample reagent/pellet ratio is 3:1. we evaluated whether a decreased sample reagent/pellet ratio of 2:1 increased xpert sensitivity co ... | 2015 | 25653410 |
| comparison of mgit and myco/f lytic liquid-based blood culture systems for recovery of mycobacterium tuberculosis from pleural fluid. | the specificities and sensitivities of the bactec mycobacterial growth indicator tube (mgit) system for the recovery of mycobacterium tuberculosis from pleural fluid are not statistically different than those of the myco/f lytic liquid culture system. the time to positivity is shorter in the mgit system (12.7 versus 20.7 days, respectively; p=0.007). the myco/f lytic culture system may be an alternative to the mgit system for diagnosing pleural tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25653400 |
| [effects of mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen and anti-tcrγδ antibody on il-17 production of human γδt cells in polarization culture]. | to investigate the effects of mycobacterium tuberculosis heat-resistant antigen (mtb-hag) and anti-tcr γδ monoclonal antibody (mab) on the induction and differentiation of human il-17-producing γδt cells under polarization culture conditions. | 2015 | 25652865 |
| [mir-144 regulates bcg- and rapamycin-induced autophagy by targeting atg4a in raw264.7 cells]. | to study the effect of bacilli calmette-guerin (bcg) on mirnas (mir-21, mir-181a, mir-155 and mir-144) in raw264.7 cells, and with mir-144 as an example, to verify the relationship of mir-144 and atg4a, an autophagy-related gene, and study the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of mir-144 on autophagy in the process of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | 2015 | 25652854 |
| total and semi-syntheses of antimicrobial thuggacin derivatives. | the total and semi-synthesis of 13 new macrolactones derived from thuggacin, which is a secondary metabolite from the myxobacterium sorangium cellulosum, are reported. the thuggacins have attracted much attention due to their strong antibacterial activity, particularly towards mycobacterium tuberculosis. this study focuses on 1) thuggacin derivatives that cannot equilibrate by transacylation between the three natural thuggacins a-c, 2) the roles of the thiazole ring, and 3) the hexyl side chain ... | 2015 | 25652819 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis dormancy-associated antigen of rv2660c induces stronger immune response in latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection than that in active tuberculosis in a chinese population. | one-third of the world's human population is latently infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb), and adult tuberculosis (tb) is largely caused by the resuscitation of latent m. tb. rv2660c, an m. tb dormancy-related antigen, is preferentially expressed during latent infection. identification and characterization of rv2660c are crucial to understanding host-pathogen interactions and to develop drug target and vaccine candidates. in this study, t-cell and antibody immune responses against r ... | 2015 | 25652607 |
| synchronous oral paracoccidioidomycosis and pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient. | paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm) and tuberculosis (tb) are chronic granulomatous infectious diseases, in which the main form of contraction is through inhalation of the microorganism-paracoccidioides brasiliensis and mycobacterium tuberculosis. oral involvement of pcm is observed in up to 70 % of the cases and usually presents clinically as ulcerations with granular surface showing tiny hemorrhagic areas. oral presentation of tb is rare with prevalence smaller than 0.5 % of all cases. clinical prese ... | 2015 | 25652419 |
| potential inhibitors for isocitrate lyase of mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-m. tuberculosis: a summary. | isocitrate lyase (icl) is the first enzyme involved in glyoxylate cycle. many plants and microorganisms are relying on glyoxylate cycle enzymes to survive upon downregulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle (tca cycle), especially mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). in fact, icl is a potential drug target for mtb in dormancy. with the urge for new antitubercular drug to overcome tuberculosis treat such as multidrug resistant strain and hiv-coinfection, the pace of drug discovery has to be increased. t ... | 2015 | 25649791 |
| comprehensive insights into transcriptional adaptation of intracellular mycobacteria by microbe-enriched dual rna sequencing. | the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis has the capacity to escape eradication by professional phagocytes. during infection, m. tuberculosis resists the harsh environment of phagosomes and actively manipulates macrophages and dendritic cells to ensure prolonged intracellular survival. in contrast to other intracellular pathogens, it has remained difficult to capture the transcriptome of mycobacteria during infection due to an unfavorable host-to-pathogen ratio. | 2015 | 25649146 |
| human mesenchymal stem cells: new sojourn of bacterial pathogens. | tuberculosis (tb), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis), is the leading infectious disease which claims one human life every 15-20s globally. the persistence of this deadly disease in human population can be attributed to the ability of the bacterium to stay in latent form. m. tuberculosis possesses a plethora of mechanisms not only to survive latently under harsh conditions inside the host but also modulate the host immune cells in its favour. various m. tuberculosis gene fami ... | 2015 | 25648374 |
| tuberculosis as a cause or comorbidity of childhood pneumonia in tuberculosis-endemic areas: a systematic review. | pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children worldwide, with most cases occurring in tuberculosis-endemic settings. studies have emphasised the potential importance of mycobacterium tuberculosis in acute severe pneumonia in children as a primary cause or underlying comorbidity, further emphasised by the changing aetiological range with rollout of bacterial conjugate vaccines in high mortality settings. we systematically reviewed clinical and autopsy studies done ... | 2015 | 25648115 |
| pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (pfada) in the diagnosis of tuberculous effusions in a low incidence population. | previous studies have assessed the diagnostic ability of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (pfada) in detecting tuberculous pleural effusions, with good specificity and sensitivity reported. however, in north western europe pfada is not routinely used in the investigation of a patient with an undiagnosed pleural effusion, mainly due to a lack of evidence as to its utility in populations with low mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) incidence. | 2015 | 25647479 |
| highly reproducible absolute quantification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by digital pcr. | digital pcr (dpcr) offers absolute quantification through the limiting dilution of template nucleic acid molecules and has the potential to offer high reproducibility. however, the robustness of dpcr has yet to be evaluated using complex genomes to compare different dpcr methods and platforms. we used dna templates from the pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis to evaluate the impact of template type, master mixes, primer pairs and, crucially, extraction methods on dpcr performance. performance wa ... | 2015 | 25646934 |
| the pleiotropic transcriptional response of mycobacterium tuberculosis to vitamin c is robust and overlaps with the bacterial response to multiple intracellular stresses. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) owes its success as a pathogen in large measure to its ability to exist in a persistent state of 'dormancy' resulting in a lifelong latent tuberculosis (tb) infection. an understanding of bacterial adaptation during dormancy will help in devising approaches to counter latent tb infection. in vitro models have provided valuable insights into bacterial adaptation; however, they have limitations because they do not disclose the bacterial response to the intracellula ... | 2015 | 25645949 |
| the uptake of trehalose glycolipids by macrophages is independent of mincle. | trehalose glycolipids play an important role in the pathogenesis of mycobacterium tuberculosis and are used as adjuvants for vaccines; however, much still remains unanswered about the mechanisms through which these glycolipids exert their immunomodulatory potential. recently, the macrophage-inducible c-type lectin mincle was determined to be the receptor for trehalose glycolipids, yet the role played by mincle in glycolipid uptake is unknown. accordingly, we developed several fluorescent trehalo ... | 2015 | 25645884 |
| tuberculous spondylitis in russia and prominent role of multidrug-resistant clone mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing b0/w148. | extrapulmonary and, in particular, spinal tuberculosis (tb) constitutes a minor but significant part of the total tb incidence. in spite of this, almost no studies on the genetic diversity and drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from spinal tb patients have been published to date. here, we report results of the first russian and globally largest molecular study of m. tuberculosis isolates recovered from patients with tuberculous spondylitis (tbs). the majority of 107 isolates ... | 2015 | 25645851 |
| a novel antimycobacterial compound acts as an intracellular iron chelator. | efficient iron acquisition is crucial for the pathogenesis of mycobacterium tuberculosis. mycobacterial iron uptake and metabolism are therefore attractive targets for antitubercular drug development. resistance mutations against a novel pyrazolopyrimidinone compound (pzp) that is active against m. tuberculosis have been identified within the gene cluster encoding the esx-3 type vii secretion system. esx-3 is required for mycobacterial iron acquisition through the mycobactin siderophore pathway, ... | 2015 | 25645825 |
| characterization of novel acyl coenzyme a dehydrogenases involved in bacterial steroid degradation. | the acyl coenzyme a (acyl-coa) dehydrogenases (acads) fade34 and casc, encoded by the cholesterol and cholate gene clusters of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rhodococcus jostii rha1, respectively, were successfully purified. both enzymes differ from previously characterized acads in that they contain two fused acyl-coa dehydrogenase domains in a single polypeptide. site-specific mutagenesis showed that only the c-terminal acad domain contains the catalytic glutamate base required for enzyme acti ... | 2015 | 25645564 |
| delamanid (opc-67683) for treatment of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. | the research and development of delamanid was carried out by otsuka pharmaceutical development and commercialization (osaka, tokyo, japan). it belongs to the group of nitroimidazoles. it inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids, crucial component of the cell wall of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. it is insoluble in water and its activity was proven in several in vitro and in vivo studies. its market approval was obtained in april 2014 in europe. its bactericidal activity was demonstrated ... | 2015 | 25645397 |
| lspa gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis co-transcribes with rv1540 and induced by surface and acidic stress. | lipoprotein signal peptidase, lspa (rv1539), is the only known gene in mycobacterial genome for cleaving the signal sequence from prolipoprotein to form mature lipoprotein. it has been implicated in maintaining the virulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the regulation of lspa had not been studied so far. here, we identify a novel operon lspa-rv1540 in m. tuberculosis. we detected co-transcription of the open reading frames of lspa-rv1540 in in-vitro as well as in ex-vivo conditions. analysis o ... | 2015 | 25644771 |
| molecular insights into the binding of coenzyme f420 to the conserved protein rv1155 from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | coenzyme f420 is a deazaflavin hydride carrier with a lower reduction potential than most flavins. in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), f420 plays an important role in activating pa-824, an antituberculosis drug currently used in clinical trials. although f420 is important to mtb redox metabolism, little is known about the enzymes that bind f420 and the reactions that they catalyze. we have identified a novel f420 -binding protein, rv1155, which is annotated in the mtb genome sequence as a putat ... | 2015 | 25644473 |
| triazole: a promising antitubercular agent. | tuberculosis is a contagious disease with comparatively high mortality worldwide. the statistics shows that around three million people throughout the world die annually from tuberculosis and there are around eight million new cases each year, of which developing countries showed major share. therefore, the discovery and development of effective antituberculosis drugs with novel mechanism of action have become an insistent task for infectious diseases research programs. the literature reveals th ... | 2015 | 25643871 |
| a new butenolide cinnamate and other biological active chemical constituents from polygonum glabrum. | phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of polygonum glabrum afforded one new natural product (-)-2-methoxy-2-butenolide-3-cinnamate (1) along with six known compounds, β-hydroxyfriedalanol (2), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxystilbene (3), (-) pinocembrin (4), sitosterol-(6'-o-palmitoyl)-3-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), (-) pinocembrin-5-methyl ether (6) and sitosterol-3-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (7). compound 1 showed promising in vitro anti-hiv-1 activity against primary isolates h ... | 2015 | 25643642 |
| prisons as reservoir for community transmission of tuberculosis, brazil. | we conducted a population-based study of tuberculosis (tb) cases in dourados, brazil, to assess the relationship between incarceration and tb in the general population. incarceration was associated with tb in an urban population; 54% of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were related to strains from persons in prisons. tb control in prisons is critical for reducing disease prevalence. | 2015 | 25642998 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis suppresses innate immunity by coopting the host ubiquitin system. | mycobacterium tuberculosis ptpa, a secreted tyrosine phosphatase essential for tuberculosis pathogenicity, could be an ideal target for a drug against tuberculosis, but its active-site inhibitors lack selectivity over human phosphatases. here we found that ptpa suppressed innate immunity dependent on pathways of the kinases jnk and p38 and the transcription factor nf-κb by exploiting host ubiquitin. binding of ptpa to ubiquitin via a region with no homology to human proteins activated it to deph ... | 2015 | 25642820 |
| little difference between minimum inhibitory concentrations of mycobacterium tuberculosis wild-type organisms determined with bactec mgit 960 and middlebrook 7h10. | the mic wild-type (wt) distribution for mycobacterium tuberculosis in bactec 960 mgit is not defined, which may result in poor reproducibility for drug susceptibility testing (dst), as several dst methods with different breakpoints are in use. in a comparison between mgit and middlebrook 7h10 medium of seven first- and second-line drugs, including 133 mic determinations of 15 wt isolates, we found an agreement of 91.7% within ± one mic dilution step. the results confirm the agreement in mic test ... | 2015 | 25640156 |
| anti-mycobacterial activity of tamoxifen against drug-resistant and intra-macrophage mycobacterium tuberculosis. | recently, it has become a struggle to treat tuberculosis with the current commercial antituberculosis drugs because of the increasing emergence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant (xdr) tuberculosis. we evaluated here the antimycobacterial activity of tamoxifen, known as a synthetic anti-estrogen, against eight drug-sensitive or resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb), and the active intracellular killing of tamoxifen on tb in macrophages. the re ... | 2015 | 25639719 |
| reduction of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in bacillus calmette guerin immunized people is due to training of innate immunity. | the currently used vaccine for prevention of tuberculosis is bacillus calmette guerin, which has been associated with a protective effect of 51% against tuberculosis. new vaccination strategies based on an enhancement of adaptive t-cell based immunity have been unsuccessful in increasing the efficiency of bcg immunisation. the proposed hypothesis is that a reduction of mycobacterium (m.) tuberculosis infection in bacillus calmette guerin immunized people is due to training of innate immunity. ev ... | 2015 | 25639709 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis reca is indispensable for inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent bactericidal activity of thp-1-derived macrophages in vitro. | our knowledge about the mechanisms utilized by mycobacterium tuberculosis to survive inside macrophages is still incomplete. one of the mechanism that protects m. tuberculosis from the host's microbicidal products and allows bacteria to survive involves dna repair systems such as the homologous recombination (hr) and nonhomologous end-joining (nhej) pathways. it is accepted that any pathway that contributes to genome maintenance should be considered as potentially important virulence factor. in ... | 2015 | 25639683 |
| antitubercular activity of ru (ii) isoniazid complexes. | despite the resistance developed by the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strains, isoniazid (inh) has been recognized as one of the best drug for treatment of tuberculosis (tb). the coordination of inh to ruthenium metal centers was investigated as a strategy to enhance the activity of this drug against the sensitive and resistant strains of mtb. the complexes trans-[ru(nh3)4(l)(inh)](2+) (l=so2 or nh3) were isolated and their chemical and antituberculosis properties studied. the minimal inhibit ... | 2015 | 25638418 |
| virtual screening for the identification of novel inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall synthesis: inhibitors targeting rmlb and rmlc. | tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases in humans. it has caused more than 100 million deaths since its discovery in 1882. currently, more than 5 million people are infected with tb bacterium each year. the cell wall of mycobacterium tuberculosis plays an important role in maintaining the ability of mycobacteria to survive in a hostile environment. therefore, we report a virtual screening (vs) study aiming to identify novel inhibitors that simultaneously target rmlb and rml ... | 2015 | 25637777 |
| interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor are not essential parameters of cd4+ t-cell responses for vaccine control of tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the world's population and causes >8 million cases of tuberculosis annually. new vaccines are necessary to control the spread of tuberculosis. t cells, interferon γ (ifn-γ), and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) are necessary to control m. tuberculosis infection in both humans and unvaccinated experimental animal models. however, the immune responses necessary for vaccine efficacy against m. tuberculosis have not been defined. the multifunctional activit ... | 2015 | 25637347 |
| identifying essential genes in mycobacterium tuberculosis by global phenotypic profiling. | transposon sequencing (tnseq) is a next-generation deep sequencing-based method to quantitatively assess the composition of complex mutant transposon libraries after pressure from selection. although this method can be used for any organism in which transposon mutagenesis is possible, this chapter describes its use in mycobacterium tuberculosis. more specifically, the methods for generating complex libraries through transposon mutagenesis, design of selective pressure, extraction of genomic dna, ... | 2015 | 25636614 |
| iron acquisition strategies in mycobacteria. | iron is an essential element to most life forms including mycobacterial species. however, in the oxidative atmosphere iron exists as insoluble salts. free and soluble iron ions are scarce in both the extracellular and intracellular environment which makes iron assimilation very challenging to mycobacteria. tuberculosis, caused by the pathogen, mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the most infectious and deadly diseases in the world. extensive studies regarding iron acquisition strategies have b ... | 2015 | 25636179 |
| design of novel mycobacterium tuberculosis pantothenate synthetase inhibitors: virtual screening, synthesis and in vitro biological activities. | pantothenate synthetase (ps) enzyme involved in the pantothenate biosynthetic pathway is essential for the virulence and persistent growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). it is encoded by the panc gene, and has become an appropriate target for developing new therapeutics for tuberculosis. here we report new inhibitors active against mtb ps developed using energy based pharmacophore modelling of the available proteininhibitor complex (3ivx) and virtual screening of a large commercial librar ... | 2015 | 27490037 |
| a virtual screen discovers novel, fragment-sized inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis inha. | isoniazid (inh) is usually administered to treat latent mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infections and is used in combination therapy to treat active tuberculosis (tb). unfortunately, resistance to this drug is hampering its clinical effectiveness. inh is a prodrug that must be activated by mtb catalase-peroxidase (katg) before it can inhibit inha (mtb enoyl-acyl-carrier-protein reductase). isoniazid-resistant cases of tb found in clinical settings usually involve mutations in or deletion of ka ... | 2015 | 25636146 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv has a single nucleotide polymorphism in phor which affects cell wall hydrophobicity and gene expression. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is a successful pathogen that can adapt to multiple environmental niches. as part of its repertoire of adaptive responses, two-component regulatory systems play a major role in co-ordinating gene expression at the global level. the phopr system controls major cellular functions, including respiration, lipid metabolism, the immediate and enduring hypoxic responses, stress responses and persistence. we identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) found in the sensor ... | 2015 | 25635271 |
| the tuberculosis drug discovery and development pipeline and emerging drug targets. | the recent accelerated approval for use in extensively drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis (mdr-tb) of two first-in-class tb drugs, bedaquiline and delamanid, has reinvigorated the tb drug discovery and development field. however, although several promising clinical development programs are ongoing to evaluate new tb drugs and regimens, the number of novel series represented is few. the global early-development pipeline is also woefully thin. to have a chance of achieving the goa ... | 2015 | 25635061 |
| tuberculosis in elephants-a reemergent disease: diagnostic dilemmas, the natural history of infection, and new immunological tools. | tuberculosis (tb) in elephants has been described since ancient times. however, it was not until 1996 when infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in a herd of circus elephants that significant research into this disease began. the epidemiology and natural history of tb were unknown in elephants since there had been no comprehensive screening programs, and diagnostic techniques developed for cervidae and bovidae were of unknown value. and, while precepts of test and slaughter we ... | 2015 | 25633896 |
| prenatal passive transfer of mycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies in asian elephant (elephas maximus) calves. | asian elephant (elephas maximus) dams and their newborn calves were tested for mycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies in serum. blood was drawn from dams prior to calving and from calves on their day of birth. all six calves born to tuberculosis-reactive dams were also tuberculosis reactive, suggesting prenatal passive placental transfer of tuberculosis antibodies. in contrast, all three calves born to tuberculosis-nonreactive dams lacked detectable tuberculosis antibodies in pre-suckling or day- ... | 2014 | 25632691 |
| human cd8 t lymphocytes recognize mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens presented by hla-e during active tuberculosis and express type 2 cytokines. | cd8 t cells contribute to protective immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis. in humans, m. tuberculosis reactive cd8 t cells typically recognize peptides associated to classical mhc class ia molecules, but little information is available on cd8 t cells recognizing m. tuberculosis ags presented by nonclassical mhc class ib molecules. we show here that cd8 t cells from tuberculosis (tb) patients recognize hla-e-binding m. tuberculosis peptides in a cd3/tcr αβ mediated and cd8-dependent manner ... | 2015 | 25631937 |
| mycobacterial dna extraction for whole-genome sequencing from early positive liquid (mgit) cultures. | we developed a low-cost and reliable method of dna extraction from as little as 1 ml of early positive mycobacterial growth indicator tube (mgit) cultures that is suitable for whole-genome sequencing to identify mycobacterial species and predict antibiotic resistance in clinical samples. the dna extraction method is based on ethanol precipitation supplemented by pretreatment steps with a molysis kit or saline wash for the removal of human dna and a final dna cleanup step with solid-phase reversi ... | 2015 | 25631807 |
| tuberculosis in australia: bacteriologically-confirmed cases and drug resistance, 2011. a report of the australian mycobacterium reference laboratory network. | the australian mycobacterium reference laboratory network collects and analyses laboratory data on new cases of disease caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. in 2011, a total of 1,057 cases were identified bacteriologically; an annual reporting rate of 4.6 cases per 100,000 population. eighteen children aged less than 15 years plus an additional 11 children from the torres strait protected zone had bacteriologically-confirmed tuberculosis. results of in vitro drug susceptibility test ... | 2014 | 25631600 |
| mycobacterial nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase: structure, mechanism, and implications for drug discovery. | nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase nadd is an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of the nad cofactor, which has been implicated as a target for developing new antimycobacterial therapies. here we report the crystal structure of mycobacterium tuberculosis nadd (mtnadd) at a resolution of 2.4 å. a remarkable new feature of the mtnadd structure, compared with other members of this enzyme family, is a 310 helix that locks the active site in an over-closed conformation. as a result, mtna ... | 2015 | 25631047 |
| head and neck tuberculosis: 6-year retrospective study. | pulmonary involvement exists in 80% of cases of infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis; however, in up to 20% of cases there may be extra-pulmonary involvement. in the ent area, the most common site is cervical lymphadenitis, affecting approximately 95% of cases. | 2016 | 25630666 |
| development of an esi-lc-ms-based assay for kinetic evaluation of mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate kinase activity and inhibition. | a simple and reliable liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (lc-ms) assay has been developed and validated for the kinetic characterization and evaluation of inhibitors of shikimate kinase from mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtsk), a potential target for the development of novel antitubercular drugs. this assay is based on the direct determination of the reaction product shikimate-3-phosphate (s3p) using electrospray ionization (esi) and a quadrupole time-of-flight (q-tof) detector. a comparative ... | 2015 | 25629762 |
| molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in kaohsiung city located at southern taiwan, 2000-2008. | we present the first comprehensive analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) isolates circulating in southern taiwan. in this 9-year population-based study, the tb situation in the kaohsiung region was characterized by genotypic analysis of 421 mtb isolates. | 2015 | 25629610 |
| structome analysis of virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis, which survives with only 700 ribosomes per 0.1 fl of cytoplasm. | we previously reported the exquisite preservation of the ultrastructures of virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis cells processed through cryofixation and rapid freeze substitution. here, we report the "structome" analysis (i.e., the quantitative three-dimensional structural analysis of a whole cell at the electron microscopic level) of virulent m. tuberculosis using serial ultrathin sections prepared after cryofixation and rapid freeze substitution and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy ... | 2015 | 25629354 |
| manipulation of the endocytic pathway and phagocyte functions by mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan. | lipoarabinomannan is a major immunomodulatory lipoglycan found in the cell envelope of mycobacterium tuberculosis and related human pathogens. it reproduces several salient properties of m. tuberculosis in phagocytic cells, including inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, inhibition of phagolysosome biogenesis, and inhibition of apoptosis as well as autophagy. in this review, we present our current knowledge on lipoarabinomannan structure and ability to manipulate the endocytic path ... | 2014 | 25629008 |
| immune status and serial quantiferon-tb gold in-tube screening for latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among hiv-infected persons in a country with a low tuberculosis incidence. | | 2015 | 25628342 |
| primary/local hepatic tuberculosis without dissemination. | we present a rare case of primary hepatic tuberculosis in a 50-year-old man who presented with pain at the right hypochondrium. the diagnosis was established by fine-needle aspiration cytology (fnac) of the primary hepatic lesions in both lobes of the liver, which was further supported by histopathological examination and tissue pcr for mycobacterium tuberculosis in the fnac specimens. | 2015 | 25628318 |
| immune requirements for protective th17 recall responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. | tuberculosis (tb) vaccine development has focused largely on targeting t helper type 1 (th1) cells. however, despite inducing th1 cells, the recombinant tb vaccine mva85a failed to enhance protection against tb disease in humans. in recent years, th17 cells have emerged as key players in vaccine-induced protection against tb. however, the exact cytokine and immune requirements that enable th17-induced recall protection remain unclear. in this study, we have investigated the requirements for th17 ... | 2015 | 25627812 |
| transcription and translation of the rpsj, rpln and rrna operons of the tubercle bacillus. | several species of the genus mycobacterium are human pathogens, notably the tubercle bacillus (mycobacterium tuberculosis). the rate of proliferation of a bacterium is reflected in the rate of ribosome synthesis. this report describes a quantitative analysis of the early stages of the synthesis of ribosomes of m. tuberculosis. specifically, the roles of three large operons, namely: the rrn operon (1.7 microns) encoding rrs (16s rrna), rrl (23s rrna) and rrf (5s rrna); the rpsj operon (1.93 micro ... | 2015 | 25627442 |
| mobile based gold nanoprobe tb diagnostics for point-of-need. | nanotechnology based diagnostics has provided improved tools for pathogen detection and sensitive and specific characterization of antibiotic resistance signatures. tuberculosis (tb) is caused by members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) and, according to the world health organization, is one of the most serious infectious diseases in the world. recent advances in molecular diagnostics of tb have improved both the detection time and sensitivity but they still require specialized t ... | 2015 | 25626530 |
| severe mycobacterium tuberculosis-related immune reconstitution syndrome in an immunocompetent patient. | we present a young immunocompetent male with diagnosed sputum culture-positive tuberculosis on intensive phase with observed daily four-drug antituberculosis therapy. he presented at 1-month of treatment with sequential bilateral pneumothoraces, increase in cavitation and consolidation and respiratory failure. repeat smears for acid-fast bacilli had downgraded, and cultures were negative. quantiferon-gold (initially negative) was now strongly positive. a diagnosis of possible immune reconstituti ... | 2015 | 25624652 |
| anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment normalizes tuberculosis granuloma vasculature and improves small molecule delivery. | tuberculosis (tb) causes almost 2 million deaths annually, and an increasing number of patients are resistant to existing therapies. patients who have tb require lengthy chemotherapy, possibly because of poor penetration of antibiotics into granulomas where the bacilli reside. granulomas are morphologically similar to solid cancerous tumors in that they contain hypoxic microenvironments and can be highly fibrotic. here, we show that tb-infected rabbits have impaired small molecule distribution i ... | 2015 | 25624495 |
| comparison of the clinical characteristics of mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria patients with joint involvement. | nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) joint involvement is rare. however, the incidence of ntm disease is increasing and it is difficult to distinguish ntm from mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). here, the clinical characteristics of ntm joint involvement were compared with those of mtb. distal joint involvement and precipitating factors were significantly more frequent for ntm joint infections. because pathologic findings of ntm and mtb were similar, microbiological investigations are needed. | 2015 | 25623639 |
| pilot study to detect airborne mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure in a south african public healthcare facility outpatient clinic. | airborne transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis remains an occupational health hazard, particularly in crowded and resource-limited healthcare settings. | 2015 | 25623206 |
| latency-associated protein rv2660c of mycobacterium tuberculosis augments expression of proinflammatory cytokines in human macrophages by interacting with tlr2. | one-third of the world's human population is latently infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), and individuals with latent infection have a 10% risk of developing active tuberculosis (tb) disease in their lifetime. rv2660c (encoding a hypothetical protein) is closely correlated with dormancy of mtb. studies have found that rv2660c was preferentially expressed during latent infection for adaptation to lack of nutrition and hypoxia; however, the precise function is unknown. identification a ... | 2015 | 25622945 |
| bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline. | new regimens to shorten tuberculosis treatment and manage patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis who are infected with hiv are urgently needed. experimental and clinical evidence suggests that the new drugs bedaquiline (b) and pretomanid (pa), combined with an existing drug, pyrazinamide (z), and a repurposed drug, clofazimine (c), may assist treatment shortening of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25622149 |
| enhancement of in vitro activity of tuberculosis drugs by addition of thioridazine is not reflected by improved in vivo therapeutic efficacy. | assessment of the activity of thioridazine towards mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), in vitro and in vivo as a single drug and in combination with tuberculosis (tb) drugs. | 2014 | 25621361 |
| whole genome response in guinea pigs infected with the high virulence strain mycobacterium tuberculosis tt372. | in this study we conducted a microarray-based whole genomic analysis of gene expression in the lungs after exposure of guinea pigs to a low dose aerosol of the atypical beijing western cape tt372 strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis, after harvesting lung tissues three weeks after infection at a time that effector immunity is starting to peak. the infection resulted in a very large up-regulation of multiple genes at this time, particularly in the context of a "chemokine storm" in the lungs. over ... | 2014 | 25621360 |
| stressed mycobacteria use the chaperone clpb to sequester irreversibly oxidized proteins asymmetrically within and between cells. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) defends itself against host immunity and chemotherapy at several levels, including the repair or degradation of irreversibly oxidized proteins (iops). to investigate how mtb deals with iops that can neither be repaired nor degraded, we used new chemical and biochemical probes and improved image analysis algorithms for time-lapse microscopy to reveal a defense against stationary phase stress, oxidants, and antibiotics--the sequestration of iops into aggregates in ... | 2015 | 25620549 |
| erratum for jamieson et al., whole-genome sequencing of the mycobacterium tuberculosis manila sublineage results in less clustering and better resolution than mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (miru-vntr) typing and spoligotyping. | | 2015 | 25617443 |
| correction for das et al., structure of crga, a cell division structural and regulatory protein from mycobacterium tuberculosis, in lipid bilayers. | | 2015 | 25617366 |
| tlr9 gene region polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis in vietnam. | humans exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) show variation in susceptibility to infection and differences in tuberculosis (tb) disease outcome. toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) is a pattern recognition receptor that mediates recognition of mtb and modulates mtb-specific t-cell responses. using a case-population design, we evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the tlr9 gene region are associated with susceptibility to pulmonary or meningeal tb as well as neurologic present ... | 2015 | 25616954 |
| antibacterial drug discovery: doing it right. | antibacterial drug discovery needs to develop new strategies to identify attractive hit-target couples for more effective lead finding and optimization. in this issue of chemistry & biology, park and coworkers describe a novel target-based whole cell combination screening approach resulting in the identification of new inhibitors of biotin biosynthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25615950 |
| a rapid amplification/detection assay for analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis using an isothermal and silicon bio-photonic sensor complex. | global tuberculosis (tb) control is hampered by cost and slow or insensitive diagnostic methods to be used for tb diagnosis in clinic. thus, tb still remains a major global health problem. the failure to rapidly and accurately diagnose of tb has posed significant challenges with consequent secondary resistance and ongoing transmission. we developed a rapid mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) amplification/detection method, called mtb isothermal solid-phase amplification/detection (mtb-isad), that c ... | 2015 | 25615836 |
| devr pcr for the diagnosis of intraocular tuberculosis. | to compare the efficacy of devr and mpb64 pcr in the diagnosis of intraocular tuberculosis. | 2015 | 25615810 |
| clinics of ocular tuberculosis. | ocular tuberculosis is an extrapulmonary tuberculous condition and has variable manifestations. the purpose of this review is to describe the clinical manifestations of ocular tuberculosis affecting the anterior and posterior segments of the eye in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. | 2015 | 25615807 |
| fast and low-cost decentralized surveillance of transmission of tuberculosis based on strain-specific pcrs tailored from whole genome sequencing data: a pilot study. | molecular epidemiology has transformed our knowledge of how tuberculosis (tb) is transmitted. whole genome sequencing (wgs) has reached unprecedented levels of accuracy. however, it has increased technical requirements and costs, and analysis of data delays results. our objective was to find a way to reconcile speed and ease of implementation with the high resolution of wgs. the targeted regional allele-specific oligonucleotide pcr (trap) assay presented here is based on allele-specific pcr targ ... | 2015 | 25614157 |
| 'tree-in-bud': thinking beyond infectious causes. | high-resolution computed tomography is an important diagnostic instrument in pneumology. the 'tree-in-bud' sign is a common finding in hrct scans. the list of the most frequent differential diagnoses for 'tree-in-bud' sign includes infections with mycobacterium tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria, and other bacterial, fungal, or viral pathogens. other causes could be immunological, congenital, and idiopathic disorders as well as aspiration or inhalation of toxic agents. rare differential d ... | 2015 | 25613822 |
| increasing the structural coverage of tuberculosis drug targets. | high-resolution three-dimensional structures of essential mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) proteins provide templates for tb drug design, but are available for only a small fraction of the mtb proteome. here we evaluate an intra-genus "homolog-rescue" strategy to increase the structural information available for tb drug discovery by using mycobacterial homologs with conserved active sites. of 179 potential tb drug targets selected for x-ray structure determination, only 16 yielded a crystal stru ... | 2015 | 25613812 |
| total synthesis of (-)-caprazamycin a. | caprazamycin a has significant antibacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb). the first total synthesis is herein reported and features a) the scalable preparation of the syn-β-hydroxy amino acid with a thiourea-catalyzed diastereoselective aldol reaction, b) construction of a diazepanone with an unstable fatty-acid side chain, and c) global deprotection with hydrogenation. this report provides a route for the synthesis of related liponucleoside antibiotics with fatty-acid side ... | 2015 | 25613457 |
| anti-mycobacterial peptides: from human to phage. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is the major pathogen of tuberculosis (tb). with the growing problem of m. tuberculosis resistant to conventional antibiotics, especially multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) and extensively-drug resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb), the need for new tb drugs is now more prominent than ever. among the promising candidates for anti-tb drugs, anti-mycobacterial peptides have a few advantages, such as low immunogenicity, selective affinity to prokaryotic negatively charg ... | 2015 | 25613372 |
| [clinical differentiation between intestinal tuberculosis and morbus crohn]. | we describe a case of intestinal tuberculosis in a 34-year-old indonesian woman. she presented with diarrhoea, weight loss, fever and night sweat over a period of weeks. she underwent colonoscopy which showed a major cobblestone pattern like necrosis in part of the colon. an mr scan showed oedema involving the small intestine near the ileocoecal area and abdominal lymphadenopathy. because of the patient history of recent tb exposure, ethnicity and positive t-spot-tb, she was given a course of fo ... | 2015 | 25612982 |
| [tubercular spondylodiscitis in a young woman with thoracic backpain]. | we present a case of a young woman experiencing high thoracic backpain and neurological symptoms of medullar compression due to spondylodiscitis from mycobacterium tuberculosis. an important differential diagnosis of spondylodiscitis is metastatic lesions of the spine. metastatic lesions most often appear in the thoracic region of the spine and high thoracic pain should be considered a "red flag". both conditions often show up late on conventional imaging and we discuss the need for the primary ... | 2015 | 25612960 |
| the effects of sp110's associated genes on fresh cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis in han chinese population. | sp110 is a promising anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) gene. to investigate the effects of sp110 and its associated genes, i.e., mybbp1a and rela, on pathological progression of mtb infection, an association study with 424 patients of fresh pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) and 424 healthy controls was performed. moreover, classification and regression tree and multifactor dimensionality reduction were employed to explore the effects of gene-gene interactions on cavitary ptb. the results indicate ... | 2016 | 25612917 |
| variability in tuberculosis granuloma t cell responses exists, but a balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is associated with sterilization. | lung granulomas are the pathologic hallmark of tuberculosis (tb). t cells are a major cellular component of tb lung granulomas and are known to play an important role in containment of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection. we used cynomolgus macaques, a non-human primate model that recapitulates human tb with clinically active disease, latent infection or early infection, to understand functional characteristics and dynamics of t cells in individual granulomas. we sought to correlate t cel ... | 2015 | 25611466 |
| comparison of the mycobacterium growth indicator tube method and the method of proportion for drug susceptibility testing of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | tuberculosis is an important public health problem in developed and, especially, developing countries. the incidence of multi-drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mdr-tb) has increased in recent years. mycobacterial culture and susceptibility testing must be rapidly concluded for effective treatment and control of the disease. the present study evaluated the reliability of the mycobacterium growth indicator tube (mgit) method for testing the susceptibility of m. tuberculosis to four first- ... | 2014 | 25610306 |
| discordance between xpert mtb/rif assay and bactec mgit 960 culture system for detection of rifampin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in a country with a low tuberculosis (tb) incidence. | among 452 samples that were positive by the xpert mtb/rif (xpert) assay and mgit 960 system (mgit), 440 and 10 mycobacterium tuberculosis samples were detected as rifampin susceptible and rifampin resistant, respectively. two isolates that were rifampin susceptible by the mgit system were rifampin resistant by the xpert assay. rpob sequencing identified a silent (ctg521ttg) mutation in one isolate and a missense (gac516tac) mutation in another. the detection of rifampin resistance is imperfect w ... | 2015 | 25609730 |
| detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis by easynat diagnostic kit in sputum samples from tanzania. | the easynat assay was evaluated for the detection of tuberculosis in sputum smears from presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) patients in an african high-tb and high-hiv setting. the sensitivity of the easynat assay was 66.7%, and the specificity and positive predictive value were 100% for the culture-positive patients. the sensitivity was only 10% in the smear-negative and culture-positive patients. | 2015 | 25609720 |
| surface plasmon resonator using high sensitive resonance telecommunication wavelengths for dna sensors of mycobacterium tuberculosis with thiol-modified probes. | various analytes can be verified by surface plasmon resonance, thus continuous improvement of this sensing technology is crucial for better sensing selection and higher sensitivity. the spr sensitivity on the wavelength modulation is enhanced with increasing wavelengths. the telecommunication wavelength range was then utilized to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) under two situations, without immobilization and with 5'-thiol end labeled is6100 dna probes, for sp ... | 2014 | 25609049 |