| antibodies to enterobacteriaceae in ankylosing spondylitis. | serological studies on ankylosing spondylitis (as; n = 82) show that although statistically more as patients than controls (n = 24) may possess elevated serum titres to enterobacteria such as salmonella, shigella and yersinia, this does not necessarily imply enterobacterial involvement in as, as other groups without enteritis or arthropathies that frequent health care facilities (n = 72) may also display this phenomenon, presumably due to increased exposure. moreover, an inventory of all detecta ... | 1986 | 3092349 |
| effect of 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone, methotrexate, and vincristine on the antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotiam, piperacillin, and netilmicin. | using the checkerboard agar dilution technique, antibacterial activity and in vitro interactions of 4 antineoplastic agents and 5 antimicrobial drugs were examined against 56 strains of 7 bacterial species. 5-fluorouracil was found to inhibit all strains of staphylococcus aureus and of staphylococcus epidermidis at a concentration of 0.8 micrograms/ml or less. 84% of all gram-negative strains were inhibited synergistically when 5-fluorouracil was combined with beta-lactam antibiotics. methotrexa ... | 1986 | 3093153 |
| bacterial resistance after in vitro exposure to amikacin and netilmicin. | | 1986 | 3093226 |
| do clinical microbiology laboratories report complete bacteriology in urine from patients with long-term urinary catheters? | bacteriuria associated with long-term urinary catheters (those in place for greater than or equal to 30 days) appears to be the most common nosocomial infection in u.s. medical care facilities. this bacteriuria is polymicrobial and dynamic and accompanied by fevers, catheter obstructions, bacteremias, and deaths. we compared the reporting by our research laboratory of bacteria present in urine from long-term-catheterized nursing home patients with that by two commercial laboratories. the commerc ... | 1986 | 3093528 |
| [a case of sino-broncho-bronchiolitis with persistent infection of the lower airway due to klebsiella pneumoniae]. | | 1986 | 3093606 |
| the immune response of a marine teleost, pseudopleuronectes americanus, (winter flounder) to the protozoan parasite glugea stephani. | g. stephani is an intracellular cyst-forming microsporidan parasite that is found in the intestine of winter flounder (wf) pseudopleuronectes americanus. no detectable humoral response was seen in parasitized fish or in fish injected with either spores or spore homogenate from this parasite. quantification of total immunoglobulin (ig) levels showed a decrease in ig levels rather than enhancement, 21 days after intramuscular (im) injections of spores (3 x 10(6)/ml). when a second injection of spo ... | 1986 | 3094232 |
| aztreonam in the treatment of severe urinary tract infections in pediatric patients. | aztreonam was administered to 30 patients, ages 0.03 to 15.4 years, with severe and in 21 cases complicated urinary tract infections caused by members of the family enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa which were resistant to ampicillin and susceptible to the study drug in vitro. a mean dose of 47.7 mg/kg was given intramuscularly every 12 h to 26 patients. in four patients with renal insufficiency, the dose was reduced according to pharmacokinetic data. permanent urine sterilization an ... | 1986 | 3094442 |
| comparison of effectiveness of aminoglycosides and cephalosporins in gram-negative rods. | aminoglycosides and cephalosporins belong among antimicrobials with a pronounced effect on most gram-negative rods. in vitro susceptibility and resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, netilmicin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, cefsulodin, cefoperazone in klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter spp., proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested by the quantitative dilution micromethod. selected, highly susceptible strains of the above species were furthermore compared for ... | 1986 | 3095073 |
| immunogenic properties of klebsiella pneumoniae type 2 capsular polysaccharide. | the immunoprotective activity of klebsiella pneumoniae k2 cell surface preparations and purified capsular polysaccharide was tested in mice. the 50% protective dose (pd50), expressed as capsular polysaccharide content, was 2 ng for cell surface preparations and 50 ng for purified capsular polysaccharide. both preparations lost their immunoprotective activity after alkali treatment. immune sera were raised in rabbits immunized with cell surface preparations. the precipitating and hemagglutinating ... | 1986 | 3095240 |
| neutralization and lipoprotein binding of lipopolysaccharides in tolerant rabbit serum. | we examined the ability of sera drawn from rabbits made tolerant to lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli o18 to inhibit heterologous lps-induced gelation of limulus lysate. compared with a pool of pretolerant sera, a pool of tolerant sera from these rabbits neutralized 5.5-fold more lps from salmonella typhimurium, 4.9-fold more lps from pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 10.0-fold more lps from klebsiella pneumoniae. because previous studies have found that lps bound to lipoprotein is less t ... | 1986 | 3095436 |
| [enhancement of virulence in experimental mixed infection with escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae, or pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice]. | | 1986 | 3095458 |
| [in-vitro activity of cefonicid on hospital bacteria. regression line and proposal for critical values]. | antimicrobial activity of cefonicid, a new second generation cephalosporin, against 315 hospital isolates (4th trimester 1984) was investigated. e. coli and proteus mirabilis were the most susceptible species. all e. coli strains except one were inhibited at 8 mg/l (modal mic: 0.5); mics of all indole + proteus were 8 mg/l (modal mic: 0.06). another group was moderately susceptible: mics of klebsiella and citrobacter ranged from 0.12 to 128 mg/l, but mics of 50% of these strains were less than o ... | 1986 | 3095773 |
| [current status and the development of resistance of important urinary pathogens to antibiotics in the suhl district 1970-1984]. | in a retrospective study over a period from 1970 to 1984 the distribution of frequency and the behaviour of the resistance of urine germs out of more than 43,000 sendings from outpatient and hospital institutions of the county of suhl were analysed. in the period of observation the proportion of isolated e. coli redoubled and was nearly 68% in 1984. conspicuous were a decrease of the isolates of str. faecalis from 32 to 4% and an increase of problem germs of the klebsiella group to 9.7%. the res ... | 1986 | 3095995 |
| the anti-microbial activity, beta-lactamase stability, and disk diffusion susceptibility testing of carumonam (ro 17-2301, ama-1080), a new monobactam. | carumonam, a new monobactam, was found to have an anti-microbial spectrum similar to aztreonam. its spectrum includes enterobacteriaceae, haemophilus influenzae, pathogenic neisseria species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and some streptococci. staphylococcus species, enterococci, and many other nonenteric gram-negative bacilli were not inhibited. enterobacteriaceae resistant to cefoperazone (minimum inhibitory concentrations [mics] greater than or equal to 32 mg/l) were more likely inhibited by carum ... | 1986 | 3096130 |
| rapid, direct antibiotic susceptibility testing of blood culture isolates using the abbott avantage system. | the abbott avantage (av) is an updated version of the ms-2 system that provides antibiotic-susceptibility results in four to six hours. although the system compared favorably with reference methods in several laboratory evaluations, little information exists regarding its performance with inocula obtained directly from blood cultures. the authors compared av and a modified disk-diffusion test using standardized inocula obtained directly from the blood culture bottles for 58 isolates (46 patients ... | 1986 | 3096131 |
| organization of the genes for nitrogen fixation in photosynthetic bacteria and cyanobacteria. | | 1986 | 3096194 |
| community-acquired pneumonia caused by mixed aerobic bacteria. | mixed bacterial pneumonia caused by organisms other than anaerobes has been infrequently reported. we describe six cases and review the literature. two patients had co-infection with s pneumoniae and l pneumophila. two were infected with s pneumoniae and k pneumoniae and the others simultaneously harbored m tuberculosis and n asteroides. the first two sets of patients had bacteria isolated from usually sterile sites (blood and lung), while the latter harbored repeatedly isolated organisms not us ... | 1986 | 3096644 |
| [intestinal microflora of patients with antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis associated with klebsiella oxytoca and clostridium difficile enterotoxin]. | | 1986 | 3097201 |
| microcalorimetric studies on the effects of media and environmental conditions on the growth of bacteria. | a study has been made of the effects of media and oxygen tension on the power-time (p-t) traces exhibited by cells of klebsiella aerogenes, staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the p-t traces were more complex in shape when the cells were grown in rich nutrient medium than when grown in chemically-defined glucose-limited medium. there was less waste heat and more biomass was produced during growth in nutrient broth. the oxygen tension had a profound effect on the shape of the p-t tr ... | 1986 | 3097461 |
| [does radiosterilization of the vagina occur through therapeutic radiation dosages?]. | the endogenous genital flora is a major source of infections of the female genital tract, especially in patients with cervical or endometrial cancer. until recently the "radiosterilisation of the vagina", respectively a prophylactic and/or therapeutic effect of irradiation (external high voltage as well as intracavitary-radium) concerning infections was postulated in the literature. this theory was disproved in a prospective clinical and bacteriological study covering 48 patients with advanced c ... | 1986 | 3097858 |
| eye infections caused by respiratory pathogens in mechanically ventilated patients. | | 1987 | 3098502 |
| [serological diagnosis of anti-pseudomonas, anti-klebsiella and anti-e. coli antibody by elisa]. | | 1986 | 3098866 |
| [whole blood chemiluminescence response and virulence of various organisms in systemic infection]. | | 1986 | 3098869 |
| [protective effect of tumor necrosis factor (tnf) obtained by genetic recombination against experimental bacterial or fungal infection]. | recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhutnf) enhanced nonspecific resistance of mice to various bacterial and fungal infections, indicating that the protective effect previously reported by us with serum tnf (stnf) prepared in mice, could be attributed to this macrophage-derived factor. comparative assays with both tnf preparations have shown that the protection against the infections challenges was largely correlated with antitumor activity. the protective effect of the rhutnf preparation, ... | 1987 | 3099988 |
| ceftazidime and amikacin alone and in combination against pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacteriaceae. | the efficacy of ceftazidime alone and combined with amikacin was studied in a rabbit model simulating closed-space infections at locally neutropenic sites. six strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and six enterobacteriaceae (two strains each of klebsiella pneumoniae and serratia marcescens and one strain each of escherichia coli and citrobacter freundii) in pooled rabbit serum were each inoculated into separate subcutaneous semipermeable chambers. intramuscular antibiotic therapy was begun 4 hr la ... | 1987 | 3100127 |
| in vitro activity of sch-34343, a new penam, and other antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of sch-34343, a new penam antibiotic, was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative isolates from cancer patients, and compared to that of 7 other antimicrobial agents. sch-34343 was extremely active against the enterobacteriaceae with mic90 ranging from 0.39 to 6.25 micrograms/ml for citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp. and serratia marcescens. it was less active against acinetobacter spp. (mic90 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml) ... | 1986 | 3100147 |
| lymphocyte response to klebsiella in ankylosing spondylitis. | the lymphocyte response of mononuclear cells (mnc) to klebsiella (klebs) was studied in ankylosing spondylitis (asp) and, for comparison, in patients convalescing from klebs infection and in hla-b27+ and b27- healthy blood donors. when large doses of various klebs cell envelope structures were used, mnc from all healthy blood donors were stimulated to produce lif but not to synthesize significant amounts of dna. in contrast, mnc from convalescent patients showed lif synthesis (but no significant ... | 1986 | 3100299 |
| ciclosporin and prednisone v. prednisone in treatment of graves' ophthalmopathy: a controlled, randomized and prospective study. | forty patients with graves' ophthalmopathy stages iii-v were divided into two groups in a random manner according to their year of birth. group i received prednisone in decreasing dosage. group ii received prednisone at a comparable dosage and ciclosporin. steroids were discontinued after 10 weeks in the two groups. in the patients of group ii, ciclosporin was continued over 12 months. the therapeutic effect was assessed by an activity score based on subjective and objective symptoms (computeriz ... | 1986 | 3100309 |
| bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with azlocillin in an in-vitro capillary model. | an in-vitro pharmacokinetic model was used to study the bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with azlocillin. ciprofloxacin alone produced excellent bactericidal activity against highly susceptible strains of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae. against a strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa, ciprofloxacin in clinically achievable dosing schedules produced a rapid bactericidal effect, but bacterial regrowth occurred. azlocillin in combination with ciprofloxacin pro ... | 1986 | 3100491 |
| [studies of experimental localized pneumonia associated with lung cancer]. | | 1986 | 3100701 |
| [comparison of in vitro activities of first, second and third generation cephem antibiotics against various pathogens isolated from clinical material in 1985]. | in vitro susceptibilities of 2,133 strains of various pathogens isolated from clinical materials in 1985 to various cephem antibiotics were studied using the showa disk diffusion test. the following antibiotics were evaluated: cephalexin (cex), cephalothin (cet), cefazolin (cez), cefotiam (ctm), cefoxitin (cfx), cefmetazole (cmz), cefotaxime (ctx), cefoperazone (cpz), ceftizoxime (czx), cefmenoxime (cmx), latamoxef (lmox) and cefsulodin (cfs). s. aureus: susceptible strains to cet, cez, ctm, cfx ... | 1986 | 3100836 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of neem oil. | | 1986 | 3102364 |
| in vitro activity of ofloxacin against 210 clinical isolates of typhoid salmonellae. | 210 clinical isolates of typhoid salmonellae, cultivated from blood of patients with typhoid fever (108 strains of salmonella typhi, 99 strains of salmonella paratyphi a and three strains of salmonella paratyphi b) as well as 266 random clinical isolates of escherichia coli (n = 152), klebsiella spp. (n = 51) and proteus spp. (n = 63) were tested for susceptibility to ofloxacin, using an agar dilution method. all the typhoid salmonellae were found to be highly sensitive to ofloxacin with mics ra ... | 1986 | 3102385 |
| interactions of antimicrobial agents and antineoplastic agents. | the in-vitro interactions of four antimicrobial agents (piperacillin, dibekacin, minocycline, norfloxacin) and four antineoplastic agents (mitomycin c, bleomycin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil) were examined by the chequerboard dilution method using 108 clinical isolates of four species of gram-negative bacilli. among the antimicrobial agents, piperacillin showed the greatest degree of synergism and norfloxacin the least. the frequency of synergism was essentially similar among the antineoplastic ... | 1986 | 3102447 |
| antibacterial properties of imipenem with special reference to the activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci, cefotaxime-resistant enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | imipenem was examined with standardized agar dilution procedures against a wide range of bacteria. geometric mean mics against the genera escherichia, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter and serratia were 0.1-0.4 mg/l, and proteus and providencia spp. were inhibited by 0.25-4 mg/l. acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratum strains were inhibited by concentrations ranging from 0.12-0.5 mg/l. methicillin-susceptible staphylococci were highly susceptible to the drug (mics: less than or equal to ... | 1986 | 3102452 |
| [comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1984). i. susceptibility distribution]. | our research group was engaged for 3 years (1979-1981) in a study on sensitivities to antibiotics of 4 bacterial groups including representative pathogenic bacteria found in cases of urinary tract infections; i.e. e. coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter spp., and proteus spp. since 1982, all the bacterial strains isolated by our group from patients with urinary tract infections and deemed by doctors in charge as pathogens were sent to the laboratory of clinical pathology of juntendo university, wh ... | 1986 | 3102808 |
| [comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1984). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | cases with infections of urinary tracts were divided into 3 groups of the simple infections, and complicated infections without indwelling of catheter, and complicated infections with indwelling of catheter. susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens which were isolated from patients with these infections were determined. there was no tendency of decline in the su ... | 1986 | 3102809 |
| a comparison of cefotaxime versus cefamandole in prophylaxis for surgical treatment of the biliary tract. | fiscal considerations prompted comparison of cefotaxime (a third generation cephalosporin) with cefamandole (a second generation cephalosporin) for prophylaxis in the surgical treatment of the biliary tract. one hundred and eight patients who underwent an operation upon the biliary tract received three 1 gram doses of cefotaxime (54 patients) or cefamandole (54 patients) at induction of anesthesia and then one and three hours later. the study was prospective, blinded and randomized. the groups ( ... | 1987 | 3103245 |
| imipenem and ceftazidime resistance in pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella pneumoniae. | | 1987 | 3104275 |
| simultaneous determination of carbohydrates and products of carbohydrate metabolism in fermentation mixtures by hplc. | an improved procedure for separating and quantitating carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids in fermentation mixtures metabolized by intestinal microflora is described. the high-pressure liquid chromatographic method is efficient, reproducible, and sensitive. a column packed with cation-exchange resin in the hydrogen form, eluted isocratically with 0.028 m h2so4 at 40 degrees c separates the compounds of interest. the eluate is monitored with ultraviolet and refractive index detectors in ser ... | 1987 | 3104385 |
| [post-antibiotic effect in the treatment of infections in neutropenic patients]. | | 1986 | 3105033 |
| augmentation of spontaneous cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes by ru 41.740 is due to monocyte-derived factors distinct from interleukin 2, interferon alpha and gamma. | in vitro exposure of human blood lymphoid cells to ru 41.740 (biostim), a glucoprotein extract of klebsiella pneumoniae, augments spontaneous cytotoxicity of the lymphocytes. it was observed that the augmentation could be blocked by inhibitors of rna- and protein-synthesis, but not by an inhibitor of dna-synthesis. the increased cytotoxicity of biostim-treated cells could not be explained by an increased proportion of lymphocytes binding to the target cells (k562). this indicates that biostim ac ... | 1987 | 3105419 |
| [principles for analyzing the kinetic curves of the antimicrobial effect in dynamic systems simulating the pharmacokinetic profiles of antibiotics]. | alternative variants of the available methods for estimating the antimicrobial effect kinetics in the in vitro dynamic systems were analyzed. for defining and analyzing the concentration-effect relations in the in vitro dynamic systems it was recommended that two integral parameters characterizing the antimicrobial effect duration (te) and intensity (ie) irrespective of the recording means be used. te is defined by the time from the moment of antibiotic administration into the dynamic system til ... | 1987 | 3105433 |
| silver-coated nylon fiber as an antibacterial agent. | a blend of nylon fiber and silver-coated nylon fiber (the latter known as x-static) was used in these experiments. this fiber was bactericidal when bacteria were exposed to it directly or to an extract derived from its prior incubation in salt solution. at ambient temperatures, a rapid exponential decrease of survival occurred, usually after a delay of approximately 1 h. the rate of killing (decrease of survival) increased with an increase in x-static percentage of the fiber blend, temperature o ... | 1987 | 3105444 |
| monuril and modification of pathogenicity traits in resistant microorganisms. | | 1987 | 3106045 |
| [treatment of urinary tract infections with solcourovac]. | urinary tract infections are among the most common infections found in women. if recurrences or reinfections become frequent treatment can be problematic. immunisation of the patients by vaccinating them against urinary tract pathogens offers a possibility of managing these infections. in clinical trials we tested solcourovac, a new vaccine to counteract bacterial pathogens, with regard to efficacy, frequency of recurrence, and tolerance. 113 of the 118 patients included in this study with bacte ... | 1987 | 3106132 |
| spontaneous inhibition of bacterial growth in experimental gram-negative endophthalmitis. | we compared the growth patterns of gram-negative bacilli in the vitreous humor (experimental endophthalmitis in rabbits) and in a subcutaneous site of infection (croton oil pouches in rats). in untreated animals, inoculation of klebsiella pneumoniae or pseudomonas aeruginosa into either site was followed by a period of rapid bacterial multiplication. thereafter, the numbers of bacteria in the vitreous humor fell spontaneously, whereas those in the subcutaneous site remained stable. during treatm ... | 1987 | 3106256 |
| dynamics of ceftazidime-pefloxacin interaction shown by a new killing curve-chequerboard method. | since in-vitro methods for studying drug interactions are difficult to evaluate and different results occur with the chequerboard (isobolograms-fic index) and killing curve methods, a new approach associating these two methods was used to study the ceftazidime-pefloxacin interaction. in 64 tubes in a chequerboard pattern, viable bacteria were counted at 0, 2.5, 5 and 24 h, by a microdilution method and a multiple inoculator replicating method. the bacterial inoculum consisted of 5 x 10(6)-10(7) ... | 1987 | 3106301 |
| in-vitro bacterial killing kinetics of ticarcillin/clavulanic acid. | an in-vitro model was developed to study the rates of killing by ticarcillin/clavulanic acid combinations of various beta-lactamase producing, ticarcillin resistant, logarithmic phase clinical isolates. killing, defined as a 3 log reduction, was dependent on the organism, the concentration of clavulanic acid and the duration of exposure. for most isolates studied an optimum period of exposure to and concentration of clavulanic acid could be defined. certain test strains showed optimum response t ... | 1987 | 3106304 |
| gas chromatographic technique to simultaneously quantitate the gases produced by intestinal microorganisms from fermentation mixtures. | | 1987 | 3106391 |
| characterization of self-transmissible plasmids determining lactose fermentation and multiple antibiotic resistance in clinical strains of klebsiella pneumoniae. | the lactose fermentation (lac+) and antibiotic resistance (r+) phenotypes were conjugally transferred from klebsiella pneumoniae strains (k166, k182, k186, k218, and k220) to salmonella typhi, s. typhimurium, shigella flexneri, and vibrio cholerae. the genes for lactose fermentation and antibiotic resistance were located on the plasmids. further analysis of plasmid dna from these isolates indicated the presence of multiple plasmids (mr ranged less than 2.7 to 70 x 10(6)). the lac+r+ plasmids p16 ... | 1987 | 3107002 |
| survival of pathogenic bacteria in various freshwater sediments. | four human-associated bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella newport, escherichia coli, and klebsiella pneumoniae, were tested for survival in five freshwater sediments. bacterial survival in continuous-flow chambers was monitored over 14-day periods on sediments ranging from organically rich high-clay fractions to organically poor sandy fractions. bacterial die-off ranged from 1 to 5 orders of magnitude in sediments. e. coli survived as long as or longer than s. newport. p. aeruginosa and ... | 1987 | 3107467 |
| the post-antimicrobial suppressive effect of quinolone agents. | a post-antimicrobial effect (pae) was seen with all of the new 4-quinolones studied: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cl-934, ro 23-6240, a-56619 and s-25930. the post-antimicrobial suppression of growth was for 4-8 h in the case of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens and pseudomonas aeruginosa. pea was demonstrated both in mueller-hinton broth at ph 7.4 and in urine at ph 5.5 with a mg2+ concentration of 9.5 mm. resistant organisms, with mics greater than 4 micrograms/ml, show ... | 1987 | 3107958 |
| effect of various inducing agents on bacteriocin (klebocin) production by klebsiella pneumoniae. | the influence of various inducing agents on growth, synthesis and release of klebocin by klebsiella pneumoniae was studied. a significant level of klebocin was detected only after induction. the highest level of klebocin was achieved with mitomycin c followed by rifampicin and polymyxin b. chloramphenicol and uv irradiation did not show any effect on klebocin production. maximum klebocin release occurred after 8 h of induction with all the agents. concentration of mitomycin c did not show any si ... | 1987 | 3108118 |
| klebsiella pneumoniae nif-lac fusions are expressed in agrobacterium tumefaciens c58. | plasmids containing hybrid genes, in which different klebsiella pneumoniae nif (nitrogen-fixation) promoters were fused with the structural part of the escherichia coli lac operon, were introduced into a double auxotrophic derivative of agrobacterium tumefaciens c58. a study of their expression in the new host was made simple by the inherent inability of a. tumefaciens c58 to produce beta-galactosidase unless provided with the wild-type lac operon of e. coli. as shown by quantitative measurement ... | 1987 | 3108628 |
| evaluation of the genetic and embryotoxic effects of bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (tbto), a broad-spectrum pesticide, in multiple in vivo and in vitro short-term tests. | the genetic and embryotoxic effects of bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (tbto) were evaluated in multiple in vivo and in vitro short-term tests preparatory to its potential wide use as a molluscicide in control of schistosomiasis. when tested in the rec assay in bacillus subtilis, tbto was not mutagenic and it did not induce reverse mutations in klebsiella pneumoniae. neither in the presence nor in the absecne of rat liver activation system did tbto produce point mutations in salmonella typhimurium stra ... | 1987 | 3108662 |
| etiology and diagnosis of neonatal conjunctivitis. | chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the most inflamed eye of 13 of 107 (12%) infants with neonatal purulent conjunctivitis and from none of 100 healthy infants (p less than 0.01). staphylococcus aureus was recovered from 49 (46%) inflamed eyes and from 8 (8%) healthy eyes (p less than 0.01). streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from very few infants with conjunctivitis but not from controls. no org ... | 1987 | 3109205 |
| in vitro evaluation of ro 23-6240, a new fluorinated 4-quinolone. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of ro 23-6240 was assessed and compared with those of ciprofloxacin and beta-lactam antibiotics including several oral compounds against members of the family enterobacteriaceae (n = 130) and pseudomonas spp. (n = 31). in general, ro 23-6240 was 2 dilution steps less active than ciprofloxacin. for the pseudomonas spp. the mics for 90% inhibition were 2 and 0.5 mg/1 for ro 23-6240 and ciprofloxacin, respectively. for the other species tested, the mic90 values f ... | 1987 | 3109817 |
| deletions in the tetracycline resistance determinant reduce the thermosensitivity of a trfa(ts) derivative of plasmid rp1 in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | a derivative of the broad-host-range plasmid rp1, pme301, was temperature-sensitive (ts) at 43 degrees c for maintenance in pseudomonas aeruginosa, p. mendocina, klebsiella aerogenes and escherichia coli. in e. coli, the ts defect of pme301 could be complemented in trans by the cloned trfa gene, which is known to be essential for rp1 replication in e. coli and p. aeruginosa. because pme301 expressed a ts phenotype in p. mendocina and k. aerogenes, we assume that the trfa function is also vital i ... | 1987 | 3111504 |
| [prevention of gram-negative and gram-positive infections with 3 intravenous immunoglobulin preparations and therapy of experimental polymicrobial burn infection with intravenous pseudomonas immunoglobulin g and ciprofloxacin in an animal model]. | three immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous infusion were compared in vivo to determine their relative protective capacity against several gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens. polyglobin n is a conventional igg concentrate. psomaglobin n is identical in formulation to polyglobin n but is prepared from the plasma of donors who have naturally high levels of antibody to lipopolysaccharide antigens of pseudomonas aeruginosa. iggma is a conventional igg concentrate containing 12% igg and ... | 1987 | 3112021 |
| the growth of microorganisms in total parenteral nutrition admixtures. | total nutrient admixtures (tnas) containing glucose, amino acids, and lipid emulsion in one container and amino acid/dextrose solutions [conventional total parenteral nutrition (tpn) formulations] were studied in a controlled laboratory experiment for their ability to support the growth of microorganisms. both tna and conventional tpn formulations for peripheral and central venous administration with standard additives were inoculated with microorganisms to provide 10(1)-10(2) colony-forming uni ... | 1987 | 3112431 |
| [study of the sensitivity to pipemidic acid, pefloxacin and norfloxacin of 444 bacterial strains isolated at a general hospital]. | after one year of use of pefloxacin in the intensive care unit, medicine unit and surgery unit and the following recent commercialization without prescription of norfloxacin, we studied for a period of two months (april and may 1986) the susceptibility to pipemidic acid, to pefloxacin and norfloxacin of 444 bacteria strains isolated obtained from clinical specimens. the antibiotic susceptibility is determined by disk diffusion test. we obtained the following results: susceptible methicillin stap ... | 1987 | 3112705 |
| bacterial interference by anaerobic species isolated from human feces. | eighty-four anaerobic fecal isolates obtained from five healthy volunteers were tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro growth of eight species of enterobacteriaceae, four species of faculative gram-positive cocci, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. forty-nine of the 84 anaerobic isolates (58%) inhibited the growth of at least one indicator bacterium. isolates of bacteroides and bifidobacterium spp. were most consistently inhibitory. anaerobic cocci and clostridia were infrequently inhibitory; eub ... | 1987 | 3113937 |
| purification and properties of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent histidine decarboxylases from klebsiella planticola and enterobacter aerogenes. | histidine decarboxylases from klebsiella planticola and enterobacter aerogenes were purified to homogeneity and compared with the histidine decarboxylase from morganella morganii. all three enzymes required pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as a coenzyme, showed optimal activity at ph 6.5, decarboxylated only histidine among the amino acids derived from protein, and were tetramers or dimers of identical subunits. amino-terminal sequences of the three enzymes showed up to 81% homology through residue 33, bu ... | 1987 | 3114230 |
| noma neonatorum. | noma neonatorum is a gangrenous process involving oral, nasal and anal area and occasionally, the eyelids and scrotum. it is seen during the first few weeks of neonatal life. the disease is caused by p. aeruginosa and is usually fatal. noma neonatorum should be distinguished from the regular noma as it comprises a distinct age group, clinical course, microbiology and prognosis. | 1987 | 3116121 |
| identification of two chemical types of k21 capsular polysaccharide from klebsiellae. | strains of klebsiella pneumoniae of serotype k21 are frequently involved in outbreaks of nosocomial infections. the type strain of klebsiella pneumoniae k21 (which we have renamed k21a) produces capsular polysaccharide that contains mannose, galactose and glucuronic acid in the ratio 2:2:1. in contrast, all eight of the randomly chosen isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae that were initially typed as k21 were shown by paper chromatography and nmr spectroscopy to produce a different capsular polysac ... | 1987 | 3116172 |
| [in vitro studies on microbial incorporation of nitrogen from [15n2] urea and [15n]ammonium chloride by human intestinal flora]. | 6 typical bacteria species of the human intestinal flora (e. coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, streptococcus faecalis, bacteroides fragilis, bifidobacterium sp.) were incubated in a liquid medium for 48 h with [15n2]-urea and [15n]-ammonium chloride. the rates of [15n]-incorporation were calculated. they depend reproducible on the species examined, on the kind of the offered npn-substance and on the amount of npn-substance in the medium. with [15n2]-urea the minimal rate of incorpor ... | 1987 | 3116431 |
| [an information system for hospital hygiene. iii. exploratory data analysis of the dynamic aspects in the pathogen spectra of patient specimens from two intensive care units at a berlin university hospital]. | for the 18-months period ending june 1986 the computerised database of the institutes of medical microbiology and of hygiene at berlin free university showed about 12,200 specimens from 1,236 intensive care patients. in addition to a traditional tabulation of pathogens by site (urine, wound, bronchial secretion and blood) and service (multidisciplinary post-operative, 4,628 isolates and internal medicine, 1,813 isolates) resulting in a time aggregated assessment of the patients at both intensive ... | 1987 | 3116792 |
| comparative study with enoxacin and netilmicin in a pharmacodynamic model to determine importance of ratio of antibiotic peak concentration to mic for bactericidal activity and emergence of resistance. | an in vitro pharmacokinetic model was used to study the comparative antibacterial activities of multiple-dose regimens of enoxacin and netilmicin. strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus were exposed to changing drug concentrations, mimicking human two-compartment pharmacokinetics. oral administration was simulated for the quinolone, and intravenous administration was simulated for the aminoglycoside. similar ratios of peak concentrat ... | 1987 | 3116917 |
| serum bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect in serum of patients with urinary tract infection receiving high-dose amikacin. | ten patients received a 30-min infusion of amikacin (30 mg/kg) on day 1 and 15 mg/kg on day 2. mean serum creatinine was 1.1 +/- 0.3 (standard deviation) mg/dl before and 1.0 +/- 0.3 mg/dl 3 days after the second infusion. mean serum amikacin concentrations before, at the end of infusion, and 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after 30 and 15 mg/kg were 0, 157, 79, 31, 16, 5, 5, 85, 51, 19, 12, and 5 mg/liter, respectively. five strains each of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis susceptible and r ... | 1987 | 3116918 |
| pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of gentamicin in an experimental pleural empyema rabbit model. | the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of gentamicin were investigated in an experimental pleural empyema rabbit model. pleural effusion was induced by the intrapleural administration of turpentine, and empyema was induced by direct inoculation of the effusion with klebsiella pneumoniae. pleural empyema compared with effusion was characterized by lower ph, oxygen tension (pao2), and glucose levels and higher leukocyte count, lactic acid concentration, and paco2. after a single administrat ... | 1987 | 3116920 |
| clinical consequences of development of resistance to third generation cephalosporins. | eighteen patients are described in whom initially sensitive microorganisms were replaced by resistant isolates during administration of ceftriaxone (n = 8), cefoperazone (n = 5), moxalactam (n = 4), cefotaxime (n = 2) or ceftazidime (n = 1), despite combination with aminoglycosides. all patients had documented gram-negative infections; in 12 patients underlying haematological diseases were present. resistant strains of enterobacter cloacae (14), serratia marcescens (4), klebsiella oxytoca (3), p ... | 1987 | 3117534 |
| [bacteriologic quality of water from the rhine and its tributaries in the rhine-neckar region. i. bacterial count and enterobacteriaceae of the current status of pollution]. | during the period of may 1982 to january 1983 and march 1986 to may 1986, 164 water-specimens had been collected along the river rhine and its affluxes in the overcrowded rhine-neckar-region from 34 collecting-sites on 8 different days. the specimens were tested for the total-germ-count and the titers of different enterobacteriaceae-species. the total-germ-count examined concentrations of several hundreds up to 1.8 million germ in 1 ml river-water. extremely high concentrations were found along ... | 1987 | 3118608 |
| [ability to survive and interactions of selected bacterial species in activated carbon filters]. | the survival and the interactions of selected, hygienically relevant bacterial species in activated carbon filters was investigated. the numbers of escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and p. putida increased in previously sterilized filters. after inoculation all bacteria (10(6] were adsorbed. during a period of 6-10 days the filter effluent contained no detectable bacteria. after that the colony numbers increased to a constant level of 10(4)-10(5) colony forming units (cfu)/ml effluent and ... | 1987 | 3118614 |
| immunological activities of ru-41740, a glycoproteic extract from klebsiella pneumoniae. ii.--activation of macrophage cytotoxicity against tumour cells and production of a cytotoxic factor. | ru-41740, a glycoprotein extract from klebsiella pneumoniae, is an immunomodulating agent with a broad spectrum of activities. it enhances several macrophage functions, including interleukin-1 (il-1) secretion. present data show that ru-41740 was able to promote murine macrophage cytotoxicity against tumour cells. a soluble cytotoxic factor (cf) was found in supernatants from macrophage cultures stimulated with ru-41740. these supernatants were shown to contain il-1. cf was detected on l-929 cel ... | 1987 | 3118904 |
| immunological properties of a penicillinase produced by alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans. | rabbit antiserum was prepared to the penicillinase of alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans gn14062. the antibody gave a single precipitin line in double immunodiffusion assays with the penicillinases from strain gn14062 and from two other a. denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans strains. the precipitin line given by the gn14062 enzyme gave a reaction of complete identity with the precipitin lines of the penicillinases from the other a. denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans strains. furthermore, ... | 1987 | 3119550 |
| bacterial capsular polysaccharides--biochemistry, immunity and vaccine. | the biochemical basis of immunogenicity to bacterial capsular polysaccharides (pss) has been extensively studied. antibody responses to ps antigens can be greatly affected by their physico-chemical properties, e.g. molecular size, specific determinants, conformation etc. at present, three bacterial ps vaccines, including meningococcal, pneumococcal, and h. influenzae type b, have been licensed in the u.s.a. many other pss, such as group b streptococcus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella, are ... | 1987 | 3119993 |
| the effect of uropathogenic bacteria on ureteral motility. | the effect of bacterial products of various strains obtained from patients with urinary tract infections was tested on peristalsis of sheep ureteral rings. in 55-70% spontaneous rhythmic contractions were inhibited by addition of small amounts of growth supernatants from escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella pneumoniae. the isolates were also tested on mesenteric artery ring preparations. in these vessels the isolates induced tonic contractions, particularly when the vessel had ... | 1987 | 3120388 |
| recovery of beta-lactamase producing bacteria in pediatric infections. | the presence of beta-lactamase producing bacteria (beta lpb) was investigated in specimens obtained from 1469 children who presented with infections of the skin and soft tissue (648), upper respiratory tract (514), pulmonary sites (137), surgical sites (113), and other (57). of 4989 bacterial isolates recovered, 910 (18%) were beta lpb, 492 (54%) aerobes, and 418 (46%) anaerobes. the beta lpb were recovered in 751 (51%) of the children. the most frequently recovered beta lpb was staphylococcus a ... | 1987 | 3121158 |
| isolation, sequencing, and mutagenesis of the niff gene encoding flavodoxin from azotobacter vinelandii. | the niff gene encoding flavodoxin from azotobacter vinelandii op was cloned and its dna sequence determined. it is located adjacent to, or possibly within, the major nif cluster and it is preceded by nif-specific regulatory elements. southern hybridization analysis revealed that there is only a single copy of the niff gene on the a. vinelandii op genome. mutant strains were constructed which have an insertion mutation or an insertion and a deletion mutation within the niff gene coding sequence. ... | 1988 | 3121629 |
| in vivo postantibiotic effect in a thigh infection in neutropenic mice. | the postantibiotic effect (pae) is the suppression of bacterial growth that persists after limited exposure of organisms to antimicrobial agents. we demonstrated and standardized the in vivo pae in a thigh infection model in neutropenic mice. inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis induced paes of 1.4-7.5 h against aerobic gram-negative bacilli, whereas beta-lactam antibiotics did not induce significant paes. against aerobic gram-positive cocci, cell wall-active agents and inhibitors of ... | 1988 | 3121761 |
| incidence and microbiological etiology of middle ear effusion complicating endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. | | 1988 | 3121762 |
| [susceptibility of bacteria isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1985)]. | it has been more than 4 years since third-generation cephems were introduced into clinical practice. the range of our drug selection definitely tends to increase, because we today have more antibiotics with wider spectrum, antibiotics with strong activities only against gram-negative strains, such as monobactams, and those with tremendously high activities such as quinolone carboxylic acid derivatives, in comparison to those we had in the past. among isolates obtained mainly from sputa of 567 pa ... | 1987 | 3121887 |
| [susceptibility of clinical bacterial isolates to aztreonam]. | in vitro activities of 7 antimicrobial agents against organisms (474 strains) isolated from patients with various infections in ehime university hospital from may to july 1986 were investigated. summarized results are as follows: 1. aztreonam (azt) showed potent activities against escherichia coli, citrobacter sp., klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, proteus sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and haemophilus influenzae. 2. antimicrobial activities of azt were especially superior against proteus ... | 1987 | 3121888 |
| enumeration of pathogenic bacteria from sewage sludge in kuwait. | domestic sewage in kuwait is mainly treated by an activated sludge process. sewage sludges at different treatment stages and the digested sludge were studied for their content of pathogenic bacteria. two gram-positive cocci and eight gram-negative bacilli were isolated and enumerated in the sewage sludges and in raw sewage. during march, aeromonas hydrophila was the dominant bacterium isolated. serratia liquefaciens in raw sewage and sludge-2, and salmonella species in digested sludge were domin ... | 1987 | 3121985 |
| progress in immunization against pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella spp. | | 1987 | 3122194 |
| roles of the beta-d-ribofuranose ring and the functional groups of the d-ribose moiety of adenosylcobalamin in the diol dehydratase reaction. | four analogs of adenosylcobalamin (adocbl) modified in the d-ribose moiety of the co beta ligand were synthesized, and their coenzymic properties were studied with diol dehydratase of klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 8724. 2'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (2'-dadocbl) and 3'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (3'-dadocbl) were active as coenzyme. 2',3'-secoadenosylcobalamin (2',3'-secoadocbl), an analog bearing the same functional groups as adocbl but nicked between the 2' and 3' positions in the ribose moiety, and its ... | 1988 | 3122837 |
| assessment of antiseptic bladder washout procedures using a physical model of the catheterised bladder. | a simple physical model of the catheterised bladder has been used to assess the activities of antiseptic agents that have been recommended as bladder instillations in the treatment of urinary tract infections in patients with indwelling catheters. the activities of povidone-iodine, phenoxyethanol, chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine supplemented with edta + tris, noxythiolin and neomycin were examined against selected species of uropathogens. except for phenoxyethanol against pv. stuartii and possibly ... | 1987 | 3122868 |
| bacterial adhesion to intravenous cannulae: influence of implantation in the rabbit and of enzyme treatments. | comparison was made of the adhesion of staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa to six types of intravascular cannula material. adhesion to materials removed from rabbit tissues did not differ significantly between types of material or between bacterial species. in contrast, major differences were found when unimplanted materials were examined; the overall rank order of adhesiveness of bacteria to unimplanted materials ( ... | 1988 | 3123262 |
| difficidin and oxydifficidin: novel broad spectrum antibacterial antibiotics produced by bacillus subtilis. i. production, taxonomy and antibacterial activity. | difficidin and oxydifficidin, two novel macrocyclic polyene lactone phosphate esters were discovered in fermentation broths of each of two strains of bacillus subtilis: atcc 39320 and atcc 39374. difficidin and oxydifficidin each showed a broad spectrum of activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. many of the susceptible aerobes and anaerobes were human pathogens resistant to one or more antibiotics. difficidin and oxydifficidin when administered intraperitoneally protected mice against a ... | 1987 | 3123448 |
| susceptibility of gentamicin sensitive and resistant gram negative bacilli to ceftazidime. | the in-vitro activity of ceftazidime was compared with other third-generation cephalosporins and gentamicin against 409 isolates. ceftazidime was the most active agent against enterobacter sp., proteus mirabilis, serratia sp., proteus sp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. it was less active against escherichia coli and klebsiella than moxalactam and cefotaxime but more active than cefoperazone. against gentamicin resistant e. coli, klebsiella, enterobacter and p. aeruginosa, ceftazidime was more activ ... | 1987 | 3124067 |
| prospects for the prevention and control of gram-negative nosocomial infections. | nosocomial infections of bacterial origin continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among virtually all hospitalized patient populations. it is estimated that nearly 5% of all hospitalized individuals will acquire an infection during their stay. approximately 3% of nosocomial infections will contribute to an eventual fatal outcome. preeminent among nosocomial pathogens are the aerobic gram-negative bacilli, with escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella spp. being t ... | 1987 | 3124364 |
| the effect of the immunomodulator ru 41,740 (biostim) on the specific and nonspecific immunosuppression induced by thermal injury or protein deprivation. | we studied the effect of ru 41,740 (biostim), a primary macrophage stimulator, in the following two immunosuppressive conditions in rats: (1) a 30% full-thickness burn that leads to significant decreases in cell-mediated (delayed-type hypersensitivity [dth]), humoral (anti-tetanus toxoid antibody production), and nonspecific immunity (staphylococcus aureus 502a skin abscess) and (2) protein malnutrition using a 2% protein diet for eight weeks. biostim administered by gastric intubation at dosage ... | 1988 | 3124797 |
| sterility testing of home and inpatient parenteral nutrition solutions. | the microbial contamination rate was compared for parenteral nutrition solutions prepared by patients for home use and by pharmacy personnel for inpatient use. phase i validated the ivex 0.22-micron inline filter as a tool for microbiological testing by inoculating small numbers of organisms in 5% dextrose injection and testing for recovery. phase ii validated the same method for determining microbial contamination of total parenteral nutrition (tpn) solutions. phase iii compared inpatient and h ... | 1988 | 3125353 |
| genetic regulation of the specific and non-specific component of immunity. | bi-directional selective breeding for antibody (ab) responsiveness to heterologous erythrocytes (selection i) produced a high (h) and a low (l) responder line of mice which were also remarkably separated for ab responses to many unrelated natural antigens (ags) such as heterologous proteins, viruses, bacteria, parasites and haptens carried by these immunogens. the character "quantitative ab responsiveness" is controlled by several independently segregating loci (polygenic regulation). the major ... | 1987 | 3127332 |
| preliminary experience with ceftazidime monotherapy in perinatal infection. | ceftazidime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was used as monotherapy to treat 75 term neonates with suspected perinatal bacterial infection. septicemia was documented in ten patients (13%). ceftazidime was administered as 25 mg/kg doses intravenously every 12 h. peak serum concentrations at 0.5 h after dose ranged from 57 to 115 micrograms/ml and trough serum concentrations prior to next dose from 2 to 15 micrograms/ml. the overall clinical, bacteriological and laboratory response to ceftazidime ... | 1987 | 3127359 |
| homocitrate cures the nifv- phenotype in klebsiella pneumoniae. | dinitrogenase was isolated from a culture of a klebsiella pneumoniae nifv- strain derepressed for nitrogenase in the presence of homocitrate. the enzyme isolated from this culture was identical to the wild-type dinitrogenase. these data provide in vivo evidence that the absence of homocitrate is responsible for the nifv- phenotype. | 1988 | 3127384 |
| characterization of three group a klebicin plasmids: localization of their e colicin immunity genes. | we have investigated the immunity to e colicins conferred by three group a klebicin plasmids. pp5a, which encodes klebicin a1-p5, like pclo-df13, confers immunity to colicin e6 on escherichia coli k12, whilst pp5b and pp3, which encode klebicins a2-p5 and a3-p3 respectively, both confer immunity to colicin e3. we have determined the restriction endonuclease and functional maps of the three group a klebicin plasmids. by sub-cloning and transposon mutagenesis we have investigated the relationship ... | 1987 | 3127541 |
| enoxacin: in-vitro and animal evaluation as a parenteral and oral agent against hospital bacterial isolates. | enoxacin was evaluated in in-vitro tests and in studies of effectiveness and blood concentrations in the mouse. enoxacin was active against both susceptible and multiresistant hospital isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae and staphylococci. less susceptible were streptococci and anaerobes. of nine quinolones tested, only norfloxacin was equivalent in vitro. the mbcs of enoxacin were one- to twofold greater than the mics, and enoxac ... | 1988 | 3129392 |
| catabolism of arginine, citrulline and ornithine by pseudomonas and related bacteria. | the distribution of the arginine succinyltransferase pathway was examined in representative strains of pseudomonas and related bacteria able to use arginine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source for growth. the arginine succinyltransferase pathway was induced in arginine-grown cells. the accumulation of succinylornithine following in vivo inhibition of succinylornithine transaminase activity by aminooxyacetic acid showed that this pathway is responsible for the dissimilation of the carbon skele ... | 1987 | 3129535 |