| the substantial hospitalization burden of influenza in central china: surveillance for severe, acute respiratory infection, and influenza viruses, 2010-2012. | published data on influenza in severe acute respiratory infection (sari) patients are limited. we conducted sari surveillance in central china and estimated hospitalization rates of sari attributable to influenza by viral type/subtype. | 2014 | 24209711 |
| update: influenza activity--united states and worldwide, may 19-september 28, 2013. | during may 19-september 28, 2013,* the united states experienced low levels of seasonal influenza activity overall. influenza a (h1n1) pdm09 (ph1n1), influenza a (h3n2), and influenza b viruses were detected worldwide and were identified sporadically in the united states. in june, influenza a (h3n2) variant(†) viruses (h3n2)v were first detected in indiana, and between june 18 and september 28, a total of 20 cases of influenza a variant viruses ([h3n2]v and influenza a (h1n1) variant [h1n1]v) we ... | 2013 | 24153315 |
| incidence of symptomatic a(h1n1)pdm09 influenza during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a rural indian community. | data on influenza illness rates with population denominators are needed to quantify overall morbidity and to prioritize public health intervention strategies. | 2013 | 24103331 |
| influenza transmission in a cohort of households with children: 2010-2011. | households play a major role in community spread of influenza and are potential targets for mitigation strategies. | 2013 | 24086511 |
| immunologic consequences of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer: impaired responses to the influenza vaccine. | to examine the effect of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer on immunologic function and to define the effect on the serologic response to the influenza vaccine. | 2013 | 24036157 |
| immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine candidate versus inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine: a phase iii, randomized trial in adults aged ≥18 years. | two antigenically distinct influenza b lineages have co-circulated since the 1980s, yet inactivated trivalent influenza vaccines (tivs) include strains of influenza a/h1n1, a/h3n2, and only one influenza b from either the victoria or yamagata lineage. this means that exposure to b-lineage viruses mismatched to the tiv is frequent, reducing vaccine protection. formulations including both influenza b lineages could improve protection against circulating influenza b viruses. we assessed a candidate ... | 2013 | 23883186 |
| long-term immunogenicity of the influenza vaccine at reduced intradermal and full intramuscular doses among healthy young adults. | to prepare for vaccine shortages under an influenza pandemic, several antigen-sparing strategies have been investigated. this study was aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine at reduced intradermal and full intramuscular dose. | 2013 | 23858402 |
| long-term and cross-reactive immunogenicity of inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine in the elderly: mf59-adjuvanted vaccine versus unadjuvanted vaccine. | elderly people are at great risk for influenza-related serious complications. however, influenza vaccine-induced antibodies are believed to decline more rapidly in the elderly. this study was designed to evaluate the long-term and cross-reactive immunogenicity among those aged ≥65 years for two seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines during the 2009-2010 influenza season. one vaccine had the mf59 adjuvant, while the other did not contain an adjuvant. serum hemagglutinin inhibition (hi) titers were ... | 2013 | 23852684 |
| immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine candidate: a phase iii randomized controlled trial in children. | mismatch between circulating influenza b viruses (yamagata and victoria lineages) and vaccine strains occurs frequently. | 2013 | 23847058 |
| the safety and immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination: a study of maternal-cord blood pairs in taiwan. | there are little data about adverse effects and immunogenicity of flu vaccine in asian pregnant women. | 2013 | 23762229 |
| influenza activity--united states, 2012-13 season and composition of the 2013-14 influenza vaccine. | during the 2012-13 influenza season in the united states, influenza activity* increased through november and december before peaking in late december. influenza a (h3n2) viruses predominated overall, but influenza b viruses and, to a lesser extent, influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 (ph1n1) viruses also were reported in the united states. this influenza season was moderately severe, with a higher percentage of outpatient visits for influenza-like illness (ili), higher rates of hospitalization, and more rep ... | 2013 | 23760189 |
| burden of seasonal and pandemic influenza-associated hospitalization during and after 2009 a(h1n1)pdm09 pandemic in a rural community in india. | influenza is vaccine-preventable; however, the burden of severe influenza in india remains unknown. we conducted a population-based study to estimate the incidence of laboratory confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations in a rural community in western india. | 2013 | 23690913 |
| regional variation in mortality impact of the 2009 a(h1n1) influenza pandemic in china. | laboratory-confirmed deaths grossly underestimate influenza mortality burden, so that reliable burden estimates are derived from indirect statistical studies, which are scarce in low- and middle-income settings. | 2013 | 23668477 |
| evaluation of a polymerase chain reaction-electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the detection and subtyping of influenza viruses in respiratory specimens. | pcr coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry technology (pcr/esi-tof-ms) (plex-id system, abbott ibis biosciences) was developed to characterize microbial pathogens. | 2013 | 23557709 |
| a subregional analysis of epidemiologic and genetic characteristics of influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 in africa: senegal, cape verde, mauritania, and guinea, 2009-2010. | during the pandemic 2009 episode, we conducted laboratory-based surveillance in four countries from west africa: senegal, mauritania, cape verde, and guinea. specimens were obtained from 3,155 patients: 2,264 patients from senegal, 498 patients from cape verde, 227 patients from mauritania, and 166 patients from guinea; 911 (28.9%) patients were positive for influenza, 826 (90.7%) patients were positive for influenza a, and 85 (9.3%) patients were positive for influenza b. among the influenza a ... | 2013 | 23509122 |
| a randomized trial of candidate inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine versus trivalent influenza vaccines in children aged 3-17 years. | two antigenically distinct influenza b lineages have cocirculated since 2001, yet trivalent influenza vaccines (tivs) contain 1 influenza b antigen, meaning lineage mismatch with the vaccine is frequent. we assessed a candidate inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (qiv) containing both b lineages vs tiv in healthy children aged 3-17 years. | 2013 | 23470848 |
| randomized controlled trial of high-dose intradermal versus standard-dose intramuscular influenza vaccine in organ transplant recipients. | the immunogenicity of standard intramuscular (im) influenza vaccine is suboptimal in transplant recipients. also, recent studies suggest that alloantibody may be upregulated due to vaccination. we evaluated a novel high-dose intradermal (id) vaccine strategy. in conjunction, we assessed alloimmunity. transplant recipients were randomized to receive im or high-dose id vaccine. strain-specific serology and hla alloantibody production was determined pre- and postimmunization. in 212 evaluable patie ... | 2013 | 23406320 |
| global assessment of resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2008-2011: the influenza resistance information study (iris). | following emergence of naturally occurring oseltamivir-resistant influenza a(h1n1) viruses, a global observational investigation, the influenza resistance information study (iris; nct00884117), was initiated in 2008 to study neuraminidase inhibitor (nai) resistance and clinical outcome. | 2013 | 23307766 |
| evaluation of immunogenicity of the 2008-2009 seasonal influenza vaccines by microneutralization test. | for evaluating the immunogenicity of an influenza vaccine, the microneutralization (mn) test has a higher sensitivity and specificity as compared to the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) test. however, the mn test is more time consuming and is difficult to standardize. we performed the mn test to determine its usefulness as an alternative or complementary test to the hi test for evaluating the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines. | 2012 | 23300503 |
| improved immunogenicity with high-dose seasonal influenza vaccine in hiv-infected persons: a single-center, parallel, randomized trial. | hiv-infected persons have less robust antibody responses to influenza vaccines. | 2013 | 23277897 |
| influenza antiviral resistance in the asia-pacific region during 2011. | despite greater than 99% of influenza a viruses circulating in the asia-pacific region being resistant to the adamantane antiviral drugs in 2011, the large majority of influenza a (>97%) and b strains (∼99%) remained susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir. however, compared to the first year of the 2009 pandemic, cases of oseltamivir-resistant a(h1n1)pdm09 viruses with the h275y neuraminidase mutation increased in 2011, primarily due to an outbreak of oseltamivir-r ... | 2013 | 23274624 |
| pandemic h1n1 influenza surveillance in haiti, july-december 2009. | from june 2009 through december 2009, haiti conducted sentinel surveillance for influenza. 499 samples were collected and tested using real-time rt-pcr. 197 (39.5%) were positive for influenza, including 95 (48%) pandemic (h1n1) 2009, 57 (29%) seasonal influenza a and 45 (23%) influenza b. the median age of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 cases was 21.7; two-thirds of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 cases were in patients aged 6 years - 35 years. pandemic activity peaked in september and co-circulated with other infl ... | 2013 | 23199103 |
| [influenza surveillance in nine consecutive seasons, 2003-2012: results from national influenza reference laboratory, istanbul faculty of medicine, turkey]. | influenza is a public health problem that affects 5-20% of the world population annually causing high morbidity and mortality especially in risk groups. in addition to determining prevention and treatment strategies with vaccines and antivirals, surveillance data plays an important role in combat against influenza. surveillance provides valuable data on characteristics of influenza activity, on types, sub-types, antigenic properties and antiviral resistance profile of circulating viruses in a gi ... | 2012 | 23188572 |
| influenza sentinel surveillance in rwanda, 2008-2010. | in 2008, rwanda established an influenza sentinel surveillance (iss) system to describe the epidemiology of influenza and monitor for the emergence of novel influenza a viruses. we report surveillance results from august 2008 to july 2010. | 2012 | 23169976 |
| twenty-five years of outpatient influenza surveillance in south africa, 1984-2008. | understanding the seasonality of influenza can help inform prevention and clinical treatment strategies. the aim of this manuscript is to describe the trends and epidemiology of outpatient influenza in south africa prior to the influenza a(h1n1) pandemic. | 2012 | 23169963 |
| quadrivalent ann arbor strain live-attenuated influenza vaccine. | influenza b is responsible for significant morbidity in children and adults worldwide. for more than 25 years, two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza b viruses, b/yamagata and b/victoria, have cocirculated globally. current influenza vaccine formulations are trivalent and contain two influenza subtype a strains (a/h1n1 and a/h3n2) but only one b strain. in a half of recent influenza seasons, the predominant circulating influenza b lineage was different from that contained in trivalent ... | 2012 | 23151111 |
| trends of influenza infection in suriname. | the trends of influenza infection in suriname were assessed from february 2010 through february 2011. testing of 393 patients with symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ari) revealed 15.3% influenza b and 18.6% could be identified as influenza a positive, consisting of 56% influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 and 44% seasonal a(h3n2). influenza infection occurred throughout the year, and all three influenza types affected young children as the primary population. the annual incidence of a(h1n1)pdm09 was 6. ... | 2013 | 23136977 |
| a clinical trial of intravenous peramivir compared with oral oseltamivir for the treatment of seasonal influenza in hospitalized adults. | seasonal interpandemic influenza causes >200,000 annual hospitalizations in the united states. optimal antiviral treatment in hospitalized patients is not established. | 2013 | 23111657 |
| influenza surveillance in southern thailand during 2009-2010. | the aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of influenza infection among patients with influenza-like illness by real-time rt-pcr in southern thailand from august 2009 to january 2011. the predominant strain in thung song district was influenza a. sporadic cases of influenza occured year round but the incidence peaked from august to november 2009 and july to november 2010. during august to november 2009, pandemic h1n1 (ph1n1) activity was observed along with a low level of seasonal i ... | 2012 | 23077809 |
| a phase ii study of das181, a novel host directed antiviral for the treatment of influenza infection. | das181, a novel host-directed antiviral in development for influenza treatment, was assessed in this phase ii clinical trial. | 2012 | 23045618 |
| update: influenza activity - united states and worldwide, may 20-september 22, 2012. | during may 20-september 22, 2012, the united states experienced low levels of seasonal influenza activity overall; however, more seasonal influenza viruses were detected than in the summer months of previous years. influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 (ph1n1), influenza a (h3n2), and influenza b viruses were detected worldwide and were identified sporadically in the united states. in july, influenza a (h3n2) variant viruses (h3n2v) were first detected in indiana, and since july 12, a total of 306 cases have ... | 2012 | 23034586 |
| pregnancy modifies the antibody response to trivalent influenza immunization. | we report the immunogenicity of trivalent influenza immunization in 29 pregnant women compared with 22 nonpregnant women. we obtained blood specimens on day 0 prior to 2011-2012 influenza vaccine administration and day 28 after immunization. hemagglutination inhibition (hai) geometric mean titers were similar before immunization but were significantly reduced by 40%-50% in pregnant women after immunization for influenza a/california(h1n1) (p = .027) and a/perth(h3n2) (p = .037). postimmunization ... | 2012 | 22984116 |
| sentinel surveillance for influenza and other respiratory viruses in côte d'ivoire, 2003-2010. | many countries in africa have lacked sentinel surveillance systems for influenza and are under-represented in data used for global vaccine strain selection. | 2013 | 22863403 |
| effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines in the united states during a season with circulation of all three vaccine strains. | influenza vaccines may be reformulated annually because of antigenic drift in influenza viruses. however, the relationship between antigenic characteristics of circulating viruses and vaccine effectiveness (ve) is not well understood. we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of us influenza vaccines during the 2010-2011 season. | 2012 | 22843783 |
| longitudinal study of influenza molecular viral shedding in hutterite communities. | the nature of influenza viral shedding during naturally acquired infection is not well understood. | 2012 | 22837493 |
| unexpected severity of cases of influenza b infection in patients that required hospitalization during the first postpandemic wave. | after the last pandemic the knowledge regarding influenza a infection has improved however, the outcomes of influenza b infection remain poorly studied. the aim of this study was to compare the features of influenza b versus influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 infections during the 2010-2011 epidemic-season. | 2012 | 22820034 |
| burden and characteristics of influenza a and b in danish intensive care units during the 2009/10 and 2010/11 influenza seasons. | influenza surveillance in danish intensive care units (icus) was performed during the 2009/10 and 2010/11 influenza seasons to monitor the burden on icus. all 44 danish icus reported aggregate data for incidence and point prevalence, and case-based demographical and clinical parameters. additional data on microbiological testing, vaccination and death were obtained from national registers. ninety-six patients with influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 were recorded in 2009/10; 106 with influenza a and 42 with ... | 2013 | 22793496 |
| cross-lineage influenza b and heterologous influenza a antibody responses in vaccinated mice: immunologic interactions and b/yamagata dominance. | the annually reformulated trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (tiv) includes both influenza a/subtypes (h3n2 and h1n1) but only one of two influenza b/lineages (yamagata or victoria). in a recent series of clinical trials to evaluate prime-boost response across influenza b/lineages, influenza-naïve infants and toddlers originally primed with two doses of 2008-09 b/yamagata-containing tiv were assessed after two doses of b/victoria-containing tiv administered in the subsequent 2009-10 and 201 ... | 2012 | 22745690 |
| age-specific vaccine effectiveness of seasonal 2010/2011 and pandemic influenza a(h1n1) 2009 vaccines in preventing influenza in the united kingdom. | an analysis was undertaken to measure age-specific vaccine effectiveness (ve) of 2010/11 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (tiv) and monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza vaccine (piv) administered in 2009/2010. the test-negative case-control study design was employed based on patients consulting primary care. overall tiv effectiveness, adjusted for age and month, against confirmed influenza a(h1n1)pdm 2009 infection was 56% (95% ci 42-66); age-specific adjusted ve was 87% (95% ci 45-97) in <5-y ... | 2013 | 22691710 |
| humoral antibody response after receipt of inactivated seasonal influenza vaccinations one year apart in children. | annual vaccination against seasonal influenza viruses is recommended for school-age children in some countries. there are limited data on the immunogenicity and efficacy of repeated influenza vaccinations. | 2012 | 22683675 |
| update: influenza activity - united states, 2011-12 season and composition of the 2012-13 influenza vaccine. | during the 2011-12 influenza season in the united states, influenza activity* occurred at low levels during october through december and increased in january and february before peaking in mid-march. influenza a (h3n2) viruses predominated overall, but influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 (ph1n1) and influenza b viruses also circulated widely. this influenza season was mild compared with recent years, with a lower percentage of outpatient visits for influenza-like illness (ili),† lower rates of hospitalizati ... | 2012 | 22672977 |
| association between obesity and vulnerability and serologic response to influenza vaccination in older adults. | serologic response to influenza vaccination declines with age. few other host factors are known to be associated with serologic response. our objective was to determine whether obesity and vulnerability independently predicted serologic response to influenza vaccination. | 2012 | 22484350 |
| evaluation of the cepheid xpert flu assay for rapid identification and differentiation of influenza a, influenza a 2009 h1n1, and influenza b viruses. | the xpert flu assay cartridge is a next-generation nucleic acid amplification system that provides multiplexed pcr detection of the influenza a, influenza a 2009 h1n1, and influenza b viruses in approximately 70 min with minimal hands-on time. six laboratories participated in a clinical trial comparing the results of the new cepheid xpert flu assay to those of culture or real-time pcr with archived and prospectively collected nasal aspirate-wash (na-w) specimens and nasopharyngeal (np) swabs fro ... | 2012 | 22378908 |
| accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic tests: a meta-analysis. | timely diagnosis of influenza can help clinical management. | 2012 | 22371850 |
| update: influenza activity - united states, october 2, 2011-february 11, 2012. | this report summarizes u.s. influenza activity* since the beginning of the 2011-12 influenza season (october 2, 2011) and updates the previous report. from october through early january, influenza activity remained low throughout the united states. activity increased slightly in early february 2012, but remains low. influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 (ph1n1), influenza a (h3n2), and influenza b viruses all have been identified thus far this influenza season, and the majority of viruses in circulation are a ... | 2012 | 22357404 |
| differing clinical characteristics between influenza strains among young healthy adults in the tropics. | influenza infections may result in different clinical presentations. this study aims to determine the clinical differences between circulating influenza strains in a young healthy adult population in the tropics. | 2012 | 22264216 |
| preliminary implications for europe of the 2011 influenza season in five temperate southern hemisphere countries. | the 2011 influenza season (may to october) in the southern hemisphere was dominated by the a(h1n1) viruses that emerged during the 2009 influenza a(h1n1) pandemic and influenza b viruses, although the proportion of these two varied between and within countries. some influenza a(h3n2) viruses were also seen. we discuss here the preliminary implications for europe of the 2011 influenza season in five temperate southern hemisphere countries. | 2011 | 22221494 |
| influenza vaccination for immunocompromised patients: systematic review and meta-analysis from a public health policy perspective. | immunocompromised patients are vulnerable to severe or complicated influenza infection. vaccination is widely recommended for this group. this systematic review and meta-analysis assesses influenza vaccination for immunocompromised patients in terms of preventing influenza-like illness and laboratory confirmed influenza, serological response and adverse events. | 2011 | 22216224 |
| the efficacy of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine in children 2 through 17 years of age: a meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled studies. | nine randomized controlled clinical trials, including approximately 26,000 children aged 6 months to 17 years, have evaluated the efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) against culture-confirmed influenza illness compared with placebo or trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (tiv). the objective of the current analysis was to integrate available laiv efficacy data in children aged 2-17 years, the group for whom laiv is approved for use. | 2012 | 22155144 |
| i-move multi-centre case control study 2010-11: overall and stratified estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in europe. | in the third season of i-move (influenza monitoring vaccine effectiveness in europe), we undertook a multicentre case-control study based on sentinel practitioner surveillance networks in eight european union (eu) member states to estimate 2010/11 influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) against medically-attended influenza-like illness (ili) laboratory-confirmed as influenza. | 2011 | 22110695 |
| influenza viruses in thailand: 7 years of sentinel surveillance data, 2004-2010. | the re-emergence of avian influenza a (h5n1) in 2004 and the pandemic of influenza a (h1n1) in 2009 highlight the need for routine surveillance systems to monitor influenza viruses, particularly in southeast asia where h5n1 is endemic in poultry. in 2004, the thai national institute of health, in collaboration with the u.s. centers for disease control and prevention, established influenza sentinel surveillance throughout thailand. | 2012 | 22074057 |
| antibody persistence and response to 2010-2011 trivalent influenza vaccine one year after a single dose of 2009 as03-adjuvanted pandemic h1n1 vaccine in children. | in 2009, several countries used the aso3-adjuvanted pandemic a/h1n1 vaccine. we assessed the persistence of antibody and the priming induced by a single paediatric dose of this vaccine in children. | 2011 | 22063386 |
| effectiveness of pandemic h1n1-2009 vaccination in reducing laboratory confirmed influenza infections among military recruits in tropical singapore. | limited information is available about pandemic h1n1-2009 influenza vaccine effectiveness in tropical communities. we studied the effectiveness of a pandemic h1n1 vaccination program in reducing influenza cases in singapore. | 2011 | 22053196 |
| influenza disease burden in adults by subtypes following the initial epidemic of pandemic h1n1 in singapore. | peaks of influenza activity in july 2009 and january 2010 were >90% pandemic h1n1 (ph1n1), but by may 2010, h3n2 predominated in hospital attendances (46·5%, versus 38·9% ph1n1); h3n2 hospital attendances were older (72·9% aged ≥60 years versus 13·5% for ph1n1), but the age-stratified proportions admitted for pneumonia ]were similar. as at the end of the third epidemic wave in singapore, ph1n1 cases in hospital attendances were still markedly younger than cases of h3n2 or influenza b, with littl ... | 2011 | 21883962 |
| continued dominance of pandemic a(h1n1) 2009 influenza in victoria, australia in 2010. | the 2010 victorian influenza season was characterized by normal seasonal influenza activity and the dominance of the pandemic a(h1n1) 2009 strain. general practice sentinel surveillance rates peaked at 9.4 ili cases per 1000 consultations in week 36 for metropolitan practices, and at 10.5 ili cases per 1000 in the following week for rural practices. of the 678 ili cases, 23% were vaccinated, a significantly higher percentage than in previous years. a significantly higher percentage of ili patien ... | 2011 | 23908889 |
| immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccination in children with inflammatory bowel disease. | protection against vaccine-preventable diseases is important in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) because of increased susceptibility and severity of infection with immunosuppressive therapy. however, immunosuppressive therapy may affect vaccine response. this study aimed to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccination in children with ibd. | 2012 | 21472826 |
| comparative immunogenicity of recombinant influenza hemagglutinin (rha) and trivalent inactivated vaccine (tiv) among persons > or =65 years old. | alternative substrates for influenza vaccine production are needed to ensure adequate supplies. we evaluated the relative safety and immunogenicity of recombinant hemagglutinin (rha) or trivalent inactivated vaccine (tiv) among 869 > or =65-year-old subjects in a randomized clinical trial. virologic surveillance for influenza-like illness (ili) was conducted during the 2006-2007 epidemic. vaccines were well tolerated. seroconversion rates vs. influenza a/h1n1 and h3n2 antigens were superior in t ... | 2009 | 19879222 |
| coadministration of orally inhaled zanamivir with inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine does not adversely affect the production of antihaemagglutinin antibodies in the serum of healthy volunteers. | zanamivir, a clinically proven potent and specific inhibitor of influenza a and b neuraminidase, has been approved in some countries for the treatment of influenza and is in late-stage development for the prophylaxis of influenza. this study investigated whether the coadministration of zanamivir and influenza vaccine affected the development of antibody responses to injected influenza haemagglutinin. | 1999 | 10429840 |
| annual influenza vaccination: immune response in patients over 10 years. | to determine the effect of repeated annual influenza immunization on the host's serum antibody. | 1996 | 8961518 |
| safety and immunogenicity of the novel seasonal preservative- and adjuvant-free influenza vaccine: blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. | the producers of influenza vaccines are not capable today to meet the global demand for an influenza vaccine in case of pandemic, so the world health organization recommends to develop the own influenza vaccine production in each country. a domestic preservative- and adjuvant-free trivalent split vaccine against seasonal influenza was developed at the research institute for biological safety problems. the paper presents the results of assessing safety and immunogenicity of the influenza split va ... | 2017 | 28842994 |
| update: influenza activity in the united states during the 2016-17 season and composition of the 2017-18 influenza vaccine. | during the 2016-17 influenza season (october 2, 2016-may 20, 2017) in the united states, influenza activity* was moderate. activity remained low through november, increased during december, and peaked in february nationally, although there were regional differences in the timing of influenza activity. influenza a(h3n2) viruses predominated through mid-march and were predominant overall for the season, but influenza b viruses were most commonly reported from late march through may. this report su ... | 2017 | 28662019 |
| efficacy of recombinant influenza vaccine in adults 50 years of age or older. | improved influenza vaccines are needed to control seasonal epidemics. this trial compared the protective efficacy in older adults of a quadrivalent, recombinant influenza vaccine (riv4) with a standard-dose, egg-grown, quadrivalent, inactivated influenza vaccine (iiv4) during the a/h3n2-predominant 2014-2015 influenza season, when antigenic mismatch between circulating and vaccine influenza strains resulted in the reduced effectiveness of many licensed vaccines. | 2017 | 28636855 |
| frequency of respiratory virus infections and next-generation analysis of influenza a/h1n1pdm09 dynamics in the lower respiratory tract of patients admitted to the icu. | recent molecular diagnostic methods have significantly improved the diagnosis of viral pneumonia in intensive care units (icus). it has been observed that 222g/n changes in the ha gene of h1n1pdm09 are associated with increased lower respiratory tract (lrt) replication and worse clinical outcome. in the present study, the frequency of respiratory viruses was assessed in respiratory samples from 88 patients admitted to 16 icus during the 2014-2015 winter-spring season in lombardy. sixty-nine out ... | 2017 | 28591230 |
| effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccine and inactivated influenza vaccine in children during the 2014-2015 season. | a clinical study found that live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) was superior to inactivated influenza vaccine (iiv) against drifted a(h3n2) viruses in children. during the 2014-2015 influenza season, widespread circulation of antigenically and genetically drifted a(h3n2) viruses provided an opportunity to evaluate subtype-specific vaccine effectiveness (ve) of quadrivalent laiv (laiv4) and iiv in children. | 2017 | 28408121 |
| model estimates of the burden of outpatient visits attributable to influenza in the united states. | although many studies have modelled the national burdens of hospitalizations and deaths due to influenza, few studies have considered the outpatient burden. to fill this gap for the united states (us), we applied traditional statistical modelling approaches to time series derived from large medical claims databases held in the private sector. | 2016 | 27821091 |
| duration of fever and other symptoms after the inhalation of laninamivir octanoate hydrate for influenza treatment; comparison among the four japanese influenza seasons from 2011-2012 to 2014-2015. | the duration of fever and other symptoms as markers of the clinical effectiveness of laninamivir octanoate hydrate (laninamivir) were investigated in the japanese 2014-2015 influenza season and the results were compared with those of the previous three seasons, 2011-2012 to 2013-2014. from these four seasons, the data of 636 influenza a(h3n2) and 128 influenza b patients was available for analysis. no significant difference was found in their baseline characteristics. the median duration of feve ... | 2016 | 27493024 |
| a perfect storm: impact of genomic variation and serial vaccination on low influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2014-2015 season. | the 2014-2015 influenza season was distinguished by an epidemic of antigenically-drifted a(h3n2) viruses and vaccine components identical to 2013-2014. we report 2014-2015 vaccine effectiveness (ve) from canada and explore contributing agent-host factors. | 2016 | 27025838 |
| influenza illness in pregnant indian women: a cross-sectional study. | data about burden of influenza in pregnancy in india are scant. in order to assess the contribution of influenza to acute respiratory illness (ari) in pregnancy, 266 north indian pregnant females with febrile ari were studied from december 2014 to may 2015. twin nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were obtained and tested for influenza viruses by rt-pcr. fifty (18.8%) patients tested positive for influenza (a/h1n1pdm09 in 41, a/h3n2 in 8, and influenza b yamagata in 1). rigors, headache, and a fa ... | 2016 | 26903762 |
| seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates: development of a parsimonious case test negative model using a causal approach. | influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) is increasingly estimated using the case-test negative study design. cases have a symptom complex consistent with influenza and test positive for influenza, while non-cases have the same symptom complex but test negative. we aimed to determine a parsimonious logistic regression model for this study design when applied to patients in the community. | 2016 | 26795366 |
| effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccine and inactivated influenza vaccine in children 2-17 years of age in 2013-2014 in the united states. | a postmarketing observational study was initiated to evaluate quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) effectiveness in children aged 2-17 years in the united states. | 2016 | 26589519 |
| effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the united kingdom: 2014/15 end of season results. | the 2014/15 influenza season in the united kingdom (uk) was characterised by circulation of predominantly antigenically and genetically drifted influenza a(h3n2) and b viruses. a universal paediatric influenza vaccination programme using a quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) has recently been introduced in the uk. this study aims to measure the end-of-season influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve), including for laiv, using the test negative case-control design. the overall adjust ... | 2015 | 26535911 |
| influenza activity - united states, 2014-15 season and composition of the 2015-16 influenza vaccine. | during the 2014-15 influenza season in the united states, influenza activity increased through late november and december before peaking in late december. influenza a (h3n2) viruses predominated, and the prevalence of influenza b viruses increased late in the season. this influenza season, similar to previous influenza a (h3n2)-predominant seasons, was moderately severe with overall high levels of outpatient illness and influenza-associated hospitalization, especially for adults aged ≥65 years. ... | 2015 | 26042650 |
| [socio-economic impact of influenza in children:a single-centered hospital study in shanghai]. | to monitor the epidemic pattern of influenza in children during the 2011-2012 season in shanghai and to evaluate the socioeconomic burden of influenza in children. | 2015 | 25876860 |
| evaluation of safety and efficacy of intravenous zanamivir in the treatment of hospitalized japanese patients with influenza: an open-label, single-arm study. | zanamivir is a neuraminidase (na) inhibitor used for the treatment of influenza. there is an unmet need for a parenteral influenza antiviral therapy to treat hospitalized patients. therefore the safety and efficacy profile of intravenous zanamivir (ivz) was examined in japanese patients with severe influenza. | 2015 | 25470818 |
| detection of varying influenza circulation within england in 2012/13: informing antiviral prescription and public health response. | subnational variation of 2009 pandemic influenza activity in england has been reported; however, little work has been published on this topic for seasonal influenza. if variation is present, this knowledge may assist with both identifying the onset of influenza epidemics, informing community antiviral prescription and local health planning. | 2015 | 25096307 |
| a prospective intervention study on higher-dose oseltamivir treatment in adults hospitalized with influenza a and b infections. | it is unclear if higher-dose oseltamivir provides benefit beyond the standard dose in influenza patients who require hospitalization. | 2013 | 24046309 |
| early estimates of seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in europe: results from the i-move multicentre case-control study, 2012/13. | we conducted a test-negative case-control study based in five european sentinel surveillance networks. the early 2012/13 adjusted influenza vaccine effectiveness was 78.2% (95% ci: 18.0 to 94.2) against influenza b, 62.1% (95% ci: -22.9 to 88.3%) against a(h1) pdm09, 41.9 (95% ci: -67.1 to 79.8) against a(h3n2) and 50.4% (95% ci: -20.7 to 79.6) against all influenza types in the target groups for vaccination. efforts to improve influenza vaccines should continue to better protect those at risk o ... | 2013 | 23449183 |
| update: influenza activity - united states, september 30, 2012-february 9, 2013. | influenza activity in the united states began to increase in mid-november and remained elevated through february 9, 2013. during that time, influenza a (h3n2) viruses predominated overall, followed by influenza b viruses. this report summarizes u.s. influenza activity* since the beginning of the 2012-13 influenza season and updates the previous summary. | 2013 | 23425961 |
| vaccine effectiveness of 2011/12 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the united kingdom: evidence of waning intra-seasonal protection. | the 2011/12 season was characterised by unusually late influenza a (h3n2) activity in the united kingdom (uk). we measured vaccine effectiveness (ve) of the 2011/12 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (tiv) in a test-negative case–control study in primary care. overall ve against confirmed influenza a (h3n2) infection, adjusted for age, surveillance scheme and month, was 23% (95% confidence interval (ci): -10 to 47). stratified analysis by time period gave an adjusted ve of 43% (95% ci: -34 to ... | 2013 | 23399424 |
| recrudescent wave of a/h1n1pdm09 influenza viruses in winter 2012-2013 in kashmir, india. | some parts of world, including india observed a recrudescent wave of influenza a/h1n1pdm09 in 2012. we undertook a study to examine the circulating influenza strains, their clinical association and antigenic characteristics to understand the recrudescent wave of a/h1n1pdm09 from november 26, 2012 to feb 28, 2013 in kashmir, india. of the 751 patients (545 outpatient and 206 hospitalized) presenting with acute respiratory infection at a tertiary care hospital in srinagar; 184 (24.5%) tested posit ... | 2013 | 24818063 |
| neutralization titers against influenza a (h3n2) and influenza b viruses among a non-vaccinated population from thailand. | influenza a and b viruses are viral respiratory pathogens that can cause severe infections among birds and mammals. neutralization assays using human sera are useful to evaluate the risk of circulating viruses to humans. in this study, 359 serum samples from healthy thai volunteers, who had not been vaccinated against influenza for at least five years, were investigated by microneutralization (mn) assays against influenza a h3n2 and influenza b viruses in 2009. there was no significant differenc ... | 2012 | 23077847 |
| neuraminidase mutations conferring resistance to laninamivir lead to faster drug binding and dissociation. | the neuraminidase (na) inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir are administered twice daily for 5days for treatment of influenza. laninamivir is a 7-methoxy derivative of zanamivir, but a single dose is effective when taken as the laninamivir octanoate prodrug. we show here in ic50 kinetics assays and a solid phase reactivation assay that compared to zanamivir laninamivir also demonstrates slow binding to but slower dissociation from multiple wild type nas. a d197e mutation in an influenza b and an ... | 2015 | 25499124 |
| c-3 halo and 3-methyl substituted 5'-nor-3-deazaaristeromycins: synthesis and antiviral properties. | to expand on the antiviral properties of 5'-noraristeromycin, synthetic entry into 3-substituted 3-deaza-5'-noraristeromyin derivatives (i.e., bromo, 4; iodo, 5; chloro, 6; and, methyl, 7) has been accomplished from a common intermediate. an extensive antiviral analysis showed 7 to be basically inactive (except for weak effects against vsv) and there were no general trends among the halo compounds (except versus reovirus-1 and influenza b). individually, compound 4 was most favorable towards hcm ... | 2013 | 23176752 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral property of polyoxometalate localized on a cell surface. | cs2k4na[siw9nb3o40] has broad antiviral ability including anti-influenza a, -influenza b, -hsv-1, -hsv-2, -hiv-1, and -hbv. a series of antivirus and/or biochemical experiments and x-ray nanotomography analysis confirm that this kind of broad-spectrum antiviral property is mainly due to its localization on the cell surface. | 2014 | 24878685 |
| multi-center evaluation of the cobas(®) liat(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay for rapid point of care diagnosis. | point of care testing (poct) provides the capability for rapid laboratory test results in patient care environments where a traditional clinical laboratory is not available. pocts have shorter turn-around times (tats), they may be performed by non-laboratory personnel, and the need for transport time is eliminated. the food and drug administration (fda) recently granted clinical laboratory improvements amendment (clia) waiver status to the cobas(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay, a rapid, accurate po ... | 2017 | 28818691 |
| the hemagglutinin-esterase fusion glycoprotein is a primary determinant of the exceptional thermal and acid stability of influenza d virus. | influenza d virus (idv) is unique among four types of influenza viruses in that it utilizes cattle as a primary reservoir. the thermal and acid stability of idv were examined and directly compared with those of influenza a virus (iav), influenza b virus (ibv), and influenza c virus (icv). the results of our experiments demonstrated that only idv had a high residual infectivity (~2.5 log units of 50% tissue culture infective dose [tcid50]/ml) after a 60-min exposure to 53°c in solution at a neutr ... | 2017 | 28808690 |
| seroprevalence of influenza a and b viruses among unvaccinated children in the united arab emirates: a cross-sectional study. | young children are at increased risk of severe influenza disease and, thus, are good candidates for receiving annual vaccination. nevertheless, the influenza vaccine is infrequently given to children in our region. the primary objectives of this study are to monitor the serologic immunities against influenza a and b viruses, and provide pediatric data that support the need for influenza vaccination in the community. | 2017 | 28797306 |
| diagnostic accuracy of the real-time pcr cobas(®) liat(®) influenza a/b assay and the alere i influenza a&b near isothermal nucleic acid amplification assay for the detection of influenza using adult nasopharyngeal specimens. | accurate detection of influenza requires diagnostic testing; however, methods such as radts and central laboratory-based tests are limited by low sensitivity and time constraints, respectively. | 2017 | 28772170 |
| ifitm3 rs12252-c variant increases potential risk for severe influenza virus infection in chinese population. | background: interferon inducible transmembrane 3 (ifitm3) is a key factor in interferon pathway and it involves host's immune response against multiple viruses. ifitm3 rs12252-c was associated with severe influenza virus infection in several studies, however whether this association is universal to all types of influenza virus or diverse ethnic populations remain controversial. method: a case-control genetic association study was performed from september 2013 to april 2014 and september 2014 to ... | 2017 | 28713779 |
| trends of influenza b during the 2010-2016 seasons in 2 regions of north and south italy: the impact of the vaccine mismatch on influenza immunisation strategy. | influenza a and b viruses are responsible for respiratory infections, representing globally seasonal threats to human health. the 2 viral types often co-circulate and influenza b plays an important role in the spread of infection. a 6-year retrospective surveillance study was conducted between 2010 and 2016 in 2 large administrative regions of italy, located in the north (liguria) and in the south (sicily) of the country, to describe the burden and epidemiology of both b/victoria and b/yamagata ... | 2017 | 28708953 |
| influenza vaccines effectiveness 2013-14 through 2015-16, a test-negative study in children. | trivalent inactivated and live attenuated influenza vaccines (iiv3 and laiv3) have been reformulated with an extra b strain (iiv4 and laiv4). they were licensed based on immunogenicity and their effectiveness (ve) still must be empirically tested. | 2017 | 28669621 |
| epidemiological and serological investigation into the role of gestational maternal influenza virus infection and autism spectrum disorders. | the literature concerning gestational maternal influenza virus infection and risk of autism spectrum disorders (asd) is inconclusive. to address this uncertainty, we obtained information from questionnaires and samples from the autism birth cohort, a prospective birth cohort comprising mothers, fathers, and offspring recruited in norway in 1999 to 2008. through questionnaires, referrals, and linkages to the norwegian national patient registry, we identified 338 mothers of children with asd and 3 ... | 2017 | 28656175 |
| anti-musk-positive myasthenic crisis in a 7-year-old female. | a seven-year-old african american female with anti-musk-positive juvenile myasthenia gravis collapsed while at school from progressively worsening weakness and dyspnea. on initial emergency department presentation, she required 15 liters per minute of supplemental oxygen to maintain oxygen saturation above 92%. initial pulmonary function tests and venous blood gas led to the decision to place her on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (nppv) with bipap in the emergency department. due to w ... | 2017 | 28540092 |
| reverse genetics of influenza b viruses. | annual influenza epidemics are caused not only by influenza a viruses but also by influenza b viruses. initially established for the generation of recombinant influenza a viruses, plasmid-based reverse genetics techniques have allowed researchers the generation of wild type and mutant viruses from full-length cdna copies of the influenza viral genome. these reverse genetics approaches have allowed researchers to answer important questions on the biology of influenza viruses by genetically engine ... | 2017 | 28508223 |
| inactivated influenza virus vaccines: the future of tiv and qiv. | influenza viruses continue to be a major public health concern, despite the availability of vaccines. currently licensed influenza vaccines aim at the induction of antibodies that target hemagglutinin, the major antigenic determinant on the surface of influenza virions that is responsible for attachment of the virus to the host cell that is to be infected. currently licensed influenza vaccines come as inactivated or live attenuated influenza vaccines and are trivalent or quadrivalent as they con ... | 2017 | 28505524 |
| detection of influenza viruses by coupling multiplex reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification with cascade invasive reaction using nanoparticles as a sensor. | influenza virus infections represent a worldwide public health and economic problem due to the significant morbidity and mortality caused by seasonal epidemics and pandemics. sensitive and convenient methodologies for detection of influenza viruses are essential for further disease control. loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) is the most commonly used method of nucleic acid isothermal amplification. however, with regard to multiplex lamp, differentiating the ladder-like lamp products d ... | 2017 | 28435249 |
| early administration of neuraminidase inhibitors in adult patients hospitalized for influenza does not benefit survival: a retrospective cohort study. | the administration of neuraminidase inhibitors (nais) within 2 days after the onset of symptoms (early nai therapy) has been shown to reduce mortality in adult patients with severe influenza. however, there is no sufficiently solid evidence supporting the effectiveness of early nai therapy on mortality. we reviewed the clinical data from 506 adult patients who were hospitalized for influenza between march 2010 and march 2014, to investigate the impact of early nai therapy on mortality. nearly on ... | 2017 | 28417272 |
| case report - atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered by influenza b. | influenza a infections have been described to cause secondary hemolytic uremic syndrome and to trigger atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (ahus) in individuals with an underlying genetic complement dysregulation. to date, influenza b has not been reported to trigger ahus. | 2017 | 28320387 |
| cross-protection to new drifted influenza a(h3) viruses and prevalence of protective antibodies to seasonal influenza, during 2014 in portugal. | immune profile for influenza viruses is highly changeable over time. serological studies can assess the prevalence of influenza, estimate the risk of infection, highlight asymptomatic infection rate and can also provide data on vaccine coverage. the aims of the study were to evaluate pre-existing cross-protection against influenza a(h3) drift viruses and to assess influenza immunity in the portuguese population. | 2017 | 28318771 |
| comparison of influenza and rsv diagnostic from nasopharyngeal swabs by rapid fluorescent immunoassay (sofia system) and rapid bedside testing (binaxnow) vs. conventional fluorescent immunoassay in a german university children's hospital. | the sofia fluorescent immunoassay showed excellent sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional fluorescent immunoassay for influenza a (influenza b was not detected during the study period) and rsv in patients with suspected ili (influenza-like illness). thus the fast and easy-to-handle sofia fia leads to rapid and reliable diagnosis, which can be used by clinicians to avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment and rapidly identify patients who need to be isolated upon hospital admission. | 2017 | 28290129 |