| freezing and storing ditylenchus dipsaci in liquid nitrogen. | after 18 months of storage at -150 c, some larvae of ditylenchus dipsaci, which had been treated in a 7.5% solution of dimethyl sulphoxide and cooled to -25 c before storage, were still viable on thawing. some survivors penetrated and developed normally in stems of alfalfa seedlings. tests showed that active larvae could be frozen directly, thus eliminating the need to use the quiescent stage of this nematode previously thought necessary for successful storage at cryogenic temperatures. the meth ... | 1975 | 19308154 |
| mass culturing of ditylenchus dipsaci to yield large quantities of inoculum. | methods are described for rearing large quantities of ditylenchus dipsaci on alfalfa tissues. nematodes and alfalfa seed were disinfected and nematodes were reared in quantities sufficient to provide a continuous supply of inoculum for our alfalfa-breeding program. nematodes reproduced best in darkness at 20-25 c. cultures reached maximum numbers in 3-6 wk. | 1974 | 19308113 |
| effect of acclimation temperature on infection of alfalfa by ditylenchus dipsaci. | ditylenchus dipsaci showed an affinity, in relation to infection, for the temp at which it had been acclimated. the optimum infective temp was also correlated with field temp when collections were made during different seasons and from climatically different geographical areas. nematode developmental stage did not influence infectivity. | 1974 | 19319367 |
| ultrastructure changes induced by stem nematodes in hypocotyl tissue of alfalfa. | scarified seeds of medicago sativa l. 'ranger' and 'lahontan' alfalfa were allowed to imbibe water for 36 hr and then were inoculated with stem nematodes, ditylenchus dipsaci kühn. seedlings were grown in sterilized provo sand at 20 c and hypocotyl sections harvested at 1, 3 and 7 days. evidence from electron micrographs indicated that cells of noninfected control plants contained normally developing chloroplasts bearing stroma, thylakoids, starch grains and plastoglobuli. the cytoplasm containe ... | 1973 | 19319326 |
| fine structure analyses of stem nematode-induced white flagging in medicago sativa. | white flagging of alfalfa, medicago sativa 'ranger, found associated with ditylenchus dipsaci in the columbia river basin was observed in northern utah during 1971. this is a report on chloroplast changes, induced by d. dipsaci in alfalfa leaves, as observed with an electron microscope. leaves from alfalfa plants infected with d. dipsaci were either devoid of normal pigmentation or displayed various shades of yellow-green. cells of leaf tissue from noninfected plants exhibited normal chloroplast ... | 1973 | 19319316 |
| attraction of ditylenchus dipsaci and meloidogyne hapla by resistant and susceptible alfalfa seedlings. | ditylenchus dipsaci kühn were equally attracted to and equally invaded resistant ('lahontan') and susceptible ('ranger') germinating alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) seedlings exposed singly in moist sand except at a distance of 12.5 mm at 20 c when the susceptibles proved more attractive than the resistants. larvae hatching from egg-masses of meloidogyne hapla chitwood were also attracted equally to germinating seedlings of resistant ('m-9') and susceptible ('lahontan') alfalfa offered singly. when ... | 1971 | 19322372 |
| agriculturally-polluted irrigation water as a source of plant-parasitic nematode infestation. | water from a major irrigation canal and water from a deep well was used to irrigate plants growing in methyl bromide fumigated screenhouse ground beds. nematode populations in these beds were compared during three seasons of continuous cropping to alfalfa, bean, eggplant, mint, sugarbeet, or wheat. beds irrigated with canal water became heavily infested with a variety of plant parasitic nematodes while those receiving well water did not. | 1970 | 19322327 |
| calcium nutrition and resistance of alfalfa to ditylenchus dipsaci. | stem nematode-susceptible 'atlantic' and resistant 'lahontan' alfalfa seedlings, grown in sand and watered with complete nutrient solutions containing 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, or 12.0 mm ca/liter, were inoculated with ditylenchus dipsaci (the stem nematode) 5-6 days after emergence. approximately equal numbers of nematodes entered the tissues of each variety/ca concentration within 2 days. penetration was reduced at 12 mm ca/liter. reproduction during 21 days following inoculation yielded 3-fold, or ... | 1970 | 19322318 |
| host resistance reflected in differential nematode population structures. | relative efficiency of host plants to support reproduction of the garlic race of ditylenchus dipsaci can be partially explained by diflerential population structures. if axenic cultures of callus tissue from onion, white clover, red clover, and alfalfa are arranged in order of decreasing host suitability, the nematode populations are simultaneously arranged in order of increasing maleness. | 1968 | 5657331 |
| changes in concentrations of nitrogen and free and bound amino acids in alfalfa and pea infected by ditylenchus dipsaci. | | 1966 | 5912635 |
| rhizobium leguminosarum symbiovar trifolii, ensifer numidicus and mesorhizobium amorphae symbiovar ciceri (or mesorhizobium loti) are new endosymbiotic bacteria of lens culinaris medik. | a total of 142 rhizobial bacteria were isolated from root nodules of lens culinaris medik endemic to tunisia and they belonged to the species rhizobium leguminosarum, and for the first time to ensifer and mesorhizobium, genera never previously described as microsymbionts of lentil. phenotypically, our results indicate that l. culinaris medik strains showed heterogenic responses to the different phenotypic features and they effectively nodulated their original host. based on the concatenation of ... | 2016 | 27267929 |
| dynamics of microbial community during ensiling direct-cut alfalfa with and without lab inoculant and sugar. | to gain deeper insights into the clostridial community dynamics and chemical transformations during the ensiling of alfalfa. | 2017 | 28370869 |
| fluorescence in situ hybridization probing of protozoal entodinium spp. and their methanogenic colonizers in the rumen of cattle fed alfalfa hay or triticale straw. | to develop and test a fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) based technique and to identify and quantify simultaneously those methanogenic populations colonizing entodinium spp. in the rumen of cows fed different forages. | 2014 | 24118832 |
| natural occurrence of entomophthoroid fungi of aphid pests on medicago sativa l. in argentina. | four species of entomophthoroid fungi, pandora neoaphidis (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae), zoophthora radicans (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae), entomophthora planchoniana (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) and neozygites fresenii (neozygitales: neozygitaceae) were found to infect aphis craccivora, therioaphis trifolii, and acyrthosiphon pisum and unidentified species of acyrthosiphon on lucerne in argentina. samples were collected from five sites (ceres, rafaela, sarmiento, monte ... | 2014 | 24721275 |
| culture and metabolism of the rumen ciliate epidinium ecaudatum crawley. | the rumen ciliate epidinium ecaudatum was cultured for 6 months in the presence of two strains of bacteria, starch, alfalfa, linseed oil meal, and buffered saline. the cultures required daily transfer and addition of fresh substrate. the protozoan degraded starch, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, and cottonseed oil meal, and the fermentation end products from the breakdown of starch were acetic and butyric acids with traces of formic, propionic, and lactic acids, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. ... | 1962 | 16349619 |
| population and function analysis of cultivable bacteria associated with spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora margarita. | this study was aimed to investigate the diversity and function of bacterial population associated with gigaspora margarita spores. the fungus was propagated in sterilized sand/soil pots using alfalfa (medicago sativa), grain sorghum (sorghum bicolor), or maize (zea mays) as host plants, or in sterilized vermiculite pots using alfalfa as host plants, respectively. bacteria were isolated from the new-formed spores using diluted plate method, and typical bacterial isolates were identified according ... | 2017 | 28391471 |
| colorimetric and electrochemical bacteria detection using printed paper- and transparency-based analytic devices. | the development of transparency-based electrochemical and paper-based colorimetric analytic detection platforms is presented as complementary methods for food and waterborne bacteria detection from a single assay. escherichia coli and enterococcus species, both indicators of fecal contamination, were detected using substrates specific to enzymes produced by each species. β-galactosidase (β-gal) and β-glucuronidase (β-glucur) are both produced by e. coli, while β-glucosidase (β-gluco) is produced ... | 2017 | 28225595 |
| rapid identification of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o serogroups from fresh produce and raw milk enrichment cultures by luminex bead-based suspension array. | the u.s. food and drug administration's bacteriological analytical manual (bam) chapter 4a describes a luminex microbead-based suspension array used to screen colonies for 11 clinically relevant shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) serogroups: o26, o45, o91, o103, o104, o111, o113, o121, o128, o145, and o157. we evaluated the usefulness of this method to identify stec-positive enrichment samples before agar plating. twelve e. coli strains were added to three types of fresh produce (bagg ... | 2016 | 28221928 |
| nutritional models of experimentally-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (sara) differ in their impact on rumen and hindgut bacterial communities in dairy cows. | effects of subacute ruminal acidosis (sara) challenges on the bacteria in rumen fluid, cecal digesta, and feces of dairy cows were determined using 16s rrna gene pyrosequencing and real-time quantitative pcr. six non-lactating holstein cows with cannulas in the rumen and cecum were used in a 3 × 3 latin square arrangement of treatments. during the first 3 wk of each experimental period, cows received a control diet containing 70% forages on a dry matter (dm) basis. in wk 4 of each period, cows r ... | 2016 | 28179895 |
| differential attachment of salmonella enterica and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli to alfalfa, fenugreek, lettuce, and tomato seeds. | vegetable seeds have the potential to disseminate and transmit foodborne bacterial pathogens. this study was undertaken to assess the abilities of selected salmonella and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) strains to attach to fungicide-treated versus untreated, and intact versus mechanically damaged, seeds of alfalfa, fenugreek, lettuce, and tomato. surface-sanitized seeds (2 g) were exposed to four individual strains of salmonella or ehec at 20°c for 5 h. contaminated seeds were rinsed ... | 2017 | 28130295 |
| identification of bean hydroxycinnamoyl-coa:tetrahydroxyhexanedioate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (hhht): use of transgenic alfalfa to determine acceptor substrate specificity. | transgenic alfalfa ( medicago sativa l.) provides a useful reverse genetics platform to elucidate acceptor substrate specificity for uncharacterized bahd family hydroxycinnamoyl-coa hydroxycinnamoyl transferases. tissues of many plant species accumulate hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives, often esters, thought to serve in protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. in many cases, these specialized metabolites are produced by bahd family hydroxycinnamoyl-coa hydroxycinnamoyl transferases (hcts). be ... | 2017 | 27807616 |
| plasma inactivation of microorganisms on sprout seeds in a dielectric barrier discharge. | fresh produce is frequently contaminated by microorganisms, which may lead to spoilage or even pose a threat to human health. in particular sprouts are considered to be among the most risky foods sold at retail since they are grown in an environment practically ideal for growth of bacteria and usually consumed raw. because heat treatment has a detrimental effect on the germination abilities of sprout seeds, alternative treatment technologies need to be developed for microbial inactivation purpos ... | 2016 | 27668570 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the mshsp17.7 gene from medicago sativa l. | heat shock proteins (hsps) are ubiquitous protective proteins that play crucial roles in plant development and adaptation to stress, and the aim of this study is to characterize the hsp gene in alfalfa. here we isolated a small heat shock protein gene (mshsp17.7) from alfalfa by homology-based cloning. mshsp17.7 contains a 477-bp open reading frame and encodes a protein of 17.70-kda. the amino acid sequence shares high identity with mthsp (93.98 %), pshsp17.1 (83.13 %), gmhsp17.9 (74.10 %) and s ... | 2016 | 27193169 |
| sinorhizobium meliloti functionally replaces 3-oxoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (fabg) by overexpressing nodg during fatty acid synthesis. | in sinorhizobium meliloti, the nodg gene is located in the nodfeg operon of the symbiotic plasmid. although strong sequence similarity (53% amino acid identities) between s. meliloti nodg and escherichia coli fabg was reported in 1992, it has not been determined whether s. meliloti nodg plays a role in fatty acid synthesis. we report that expression of s. meliloti nodg restores the growth of the e. coli fabg temperature-sensitive mutant cl104 under nonpermissive conditions. using in vitro assays ... | 2016 | 26975437 |
| transcriptome-enabled discovery and functional characterization of enzymes related to (2s)-pinocembrin biosynthesis from ornithogalum caudatum and their application for metabolic engineering. | (2s)-pinocembrin is a chiral flavanone with versatile pharmacological and biological activities. its health-promoting effects have spurred on research effects on the microbial production of (2s)-pinocembrin. however, an often-overlooked salient feature in the analysis of microbial (2s)-pinocembrin is its chirality. | 2016 | 26846670 |
| sinorhizobium meliloti low molecular mass phosphotyrosine phosphatase smc02309 modifies activity of the udp-glucose pyrophosphorylase exon involved in succinoglycan biosynthesis. | in gram-negative bacteria, tyrosine phosphorylation has been shown to play a role in the control of exopolysaccharide (eps) production. this study demonstrated that the chromosomal orf smc02309 from sinorhizobium meliloti 2011 encodes a protein with significant sequence similarity to low molecular mass protein-tyrosine phosphatases (lmw-ptps), such as the escherichia coli wzb. unlike other well-characterized eps biosynthesis gene clusters, which contain neighbouring lmw-ptps and kinase, the s. m ... | 2016 | 26813656 |
| abundance, diversity and community composition of free-living protozoa on vegetable sprouts. | interactions with free-living protozoa (flp) have been implicated in the persistence of pathogenic bacteria on food products. in order to assess the potential involvement of flp in this contamination, detailed knowledge on their occurrence, abundance and diversity on food products is required. in the present study, enrichment and cultivation methods were used to inventory and quantify flp on eight types of commercial vegetable sprouts (alfalfa, beetroot, cress, green pea, leek, mung bean, red ca ... | 2016 | 26742616 |
| development of prototypes of bioactive packaging materials based on immobilized bacteriophages for control of growth of bacterial pathogens in foods. | due to lack of adequate control methods to prevent contamination in fresh produce and growing consumer demand for natural products, the use of bacteriophages has emerged as a promising approach to enhance safety of these foods. this study sought to control listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupes and rte meat and escherichia coli o104:h4 in alfalfa seeds and sprouts under different storage conditions by using specific lytic bacteriophage cocktails applied either free or immobilized. bacteriophage c ... | 2016 | 26490649 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of arginine biosynthesis in sinorhizobium meliloti 1021. | l-ornithine production in the alfalfa microsymbiont sinorhizobium meliloti occurs as an intermediate step in arginine biosynthesis. ornithine is required for effective symbiosis but its synthesis in s. meliloti has been little studied. unlike most bacteria, s. meliloti 1021 is annotated as encoding two enzymes producing ornithine: n-acetylornithine (nao) deacetylase (arge) hydrolyses nao to acetate and ornithine, and glutamate n-acetyltransferase (argj) transacetylates l-glutamate with the acety ... | 2015 | 26271664 |
| presence and correlation of some enteric indicator bacteria, diarrheagenic escherichia coli pathotypes, and salmonella serotypes in alfalfa sprouts from local retail markets in pachuca, mexico. | data on the presence of diarrheagenic escherichia coli pathotypes (deps) in alfalfa sprouts and correlations between the presence of coliform bacteria (cb), fecal coliforms (fc), e. coli, deps, and salmonella in alfalfa sprouts are not available. the presence of and correlations between cb, fc, e. coli, deps, and salmonella in alfalfa sprouts were determined. one hundred sprout samples were collected from retail markets in pachuca, hidalgo state, mexico. the presence of indicator bacteria and sa ... | 2015 | 25719889 |
| production of curcuminoids from tyrosine by a metabolically engineered escherichia coli using caffeic acid as an intermediate. | curcuminoids are phenylpropanoids with high pharmaceutical potential. herein, we report an engineered artificial pathway in escherichia coli to produce natural curcuminoids through caffeic acid. arabidopsis thaliana 4-coumaroyl-coa ligase and curcuma longa diketide-coa synthase (dcs) and curcumin synthase (curs1) were used to produce curcuminoids and 70 mg/l of curcumin was obtained from ferulic acid. bisdemethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin were also produced, but in lower concentrations, by ... | 2015 | 25641677 |
| comparison of eight different agars for the recovery of clinically relevant non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli from baby spinach, cilantro, alfalfa sprouts and raw milk. | the fda bacteriological analytical manual (bam) chapter 4a recommends several agars for isolating non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec); not all have been thoroughly tested for recovering stecs from food. using e. coli strains representing ten clinically relevant o serogroups (o26, o45, o91, o103, o104, o111, o113, o121, o128, o145) in artificially-contaminated fresh produce--bagged baby spinach, alfalfa sprouts, cilantro, and raw milk--we evaluated the performance of 8 differen ... | 2015 | 25475297 |
| functional and structural diversity in gh62 α-l-arabinofuranosidases from the thermophilic fungus scytalidium thermophilum. | the genome of the thermophilic fungus scytalidium thermophilum (strain cbs 625.91) harbours a wide range of genes involved in carbohydrate degradation, including three genes, abf62a, abf62b and abf62c, predicted to encode glycoside hydrolase family 62 (gh62) enzymes. transcriptome analysis showed that only abf62a and abf62c are actively expressed during growth on diverse substrates including straws from barley, alfalfa, triticale and canola. the abf62a and abf62c genes were expressed in escheric ... | 2015 | 25267315 |
| interactive effects of temperature, ph, and water activity on the growth kinetics of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o104:h4 3. | the risk of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains has become a growing public health concern. several studies characterized the behavior of e. coli o157:h7; however, no reports on the influence of multiple factors on e. coli o104:h4 are available. this study examined the effects and interactions of temperature (7 to 46°c), ph (4.5 to 8.5), and water activity (aw ; 0.95 to 0.99) on the growth kinetics of e. coli o104:h4 and developed predictive models to estimate its growth pote ... | 2014 | 25198132 |
| effectiveness of calcium hypochlorite on viral and bacterial contamination of alfalfa seeds. | alfalfa sprouts have been involved in numerous foodborne outbreaks, which has increased the awareness for seed and sprout safety. this study compared the effectiveness of calcium hypochlorite (ca(ocl)2) on the inactivation of bacteria and viruses on alfalfa seeds and in the presence of a simulated organic load. alfalfa seeds were inoculated with human norovirus (hunov) genogroup ii (gii), murine norovirus (mnv), tulane virus (tv), escherichia coli o104:h4, and salmonella enterica serovar agona. ... | 2014 | 25055022 |
| intravenous lipopolysaccharide challenge alters ruminal bacterial microbiota and disrupts ruminal metabolism in dairy cattle. | in the present study, three primiparous lactating holstein cows (260-285 d in lactation) were used in a 3 × 3 latin square design to assess the effects of three doses (0.0, 0.4 and 0.8 μg/kg body weight) of lipopolysaccharide (lps, escherichia coli 0111:b4) on changes in ruminal microbiota and ruminal fermentation. ruminal ph was linearly decreased (p< 0.001) by lps challenge, and the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, total volatile fatty acids and amino n increased linearly (p< 0 ... | 2014 | 24774964 |
| detection of five shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli genes with multiplex pcr. | escherichia coli serogroup o157 is the pathogen most commonly associated with foodborne disease outbreaks, but epidemiological studies suggest that non-o157 shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) is a major player as well. the ten most clinically relevant stecs belong to serogroups o26, o103, o111, o145, o157, o91, o113, o128, o45, and o121; but emerging strains, such as o104:h4 that was identified with the 2011 german outbreak, could become more prevalent in the future. a 75-min conventional mult ... | 2014 | 24549195 |
| large-scale gaseous acetic acid treatment to disinfect alfalfa seeds inoculated with escherichia coli. | most outbreaks of foodborne illness related to sprout consumption are ascribed to bacterial contamination of its seeds, and they need disinfection before sprouting. recently, gaseous acetic acid (gaa) treatment received great attention as a method for seed disinfection. in this study, the effect of gaa treatment on alfalfa seed disinfection was evaluated in a large-scale device to simulate practical applications. alfalfa seeds (3 kg) inoculated with escherichia coli were treated with 8.7% (vol/v ... | 2014 | 24400985 |
| effects of feeding selenium-enriched alfalfa hay on immunity and health of weaned beef calves. | previously, we reported that feeding selenium (se)-enriched forage improves antibody titers in mature beef cows, and whole-blood se concentrations and growth rates in weaned beef calves. our current objective was to test whether beef calves fed se-enriched alfalfa hay during the transition period between weaning and movement to a feedlot also have improved immune responses and slaughter weights. recently weaned beef calves (n = 60) were fed an alfalfa-hay-based diet for 7 weeks, which was harves ... | 2013 | 24142411 |
| plane of nutrition during the preweaning period but not the grower phase influences the neutrophil activity of holstein calves. | two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of plane of nutrition during (1) the pre- and immediate postweaning periods and (2) the grower phase on the performance and leukocyte responses of holstein calves. in experiment 1, 39 (2 ± 1 d old) colostrum-fed heifer calves were randomly assigned to 2 planes of nutrition, a low (lpn; n = 19) and a high plane of nutrition (hpn; n = 20). calves in the lpn treatment were offered 418 g/d of dry matter (dm) of a 20% crude protein (cp)/20% fa ... | 2013 | 24035017 |
| behavior of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, enteroinvasive e. coli, enteropathogenic e. coli, and enterotoxigenic e. coli strains on alfalfa sprouts. | data about the behavior of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (non-o157 stec), enteroinvasive e. coli (eiec), enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec), and enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) on seeds and alfalfa sprouts are not available. the behavior of stec, eiec, etec, and epec was determined during germination and sprouting of alfalfa seeds at 20 ± 2°c and 30 ± 2°c and on alfalfa sprouts at 3 ± 2°c. when alfalfa seeds were inoculated with stec, eiec, etec, or epec strains, all these diarrhea ... | 2013 | 23905800 |
| the sinorhizobium meliloti lysr family transcriptional factor lsrb is involved in regulation of glutathione biosynthesis. | glutathione, a key antioxidant in sinorhizobium meliloti, is required for the development of alfalfa (medicago sativa) nitrogen-fixing nodules. this tripeptide can be synthesized by both γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (gsha) and glutathione synthetase (gshb) in escherichia coli and s. meliloti. genetic evidence has indicated that the null mutant of s. meliloti gsha or gshb1 does not establish efficient symbiosis on alfalfa. however, the transcriptional regulation of gsha and gshb has not been we ... | 2013 | 23883684 |
| simple, rapid, and reliable detection of escherichia coli o26 using immunochromatography. | shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o26 has been increasingly associated with diarrheal disease all over the world. we developed an immunochromatographic (ic) strip for the rapid detection of e. coli o26 in food samples. to determine the specificity of the ic strip, pure cultures of 67 e. coli and 22 non-e. coli strains were tested with the ic strip. the ic strip could detect all (18 of 18) e. coli o26 strains tested and did not react with strains of any other e. coli serogroup or non- ... | 2013 | 23643115 |
| grain-based versus alfalfa-based subacute ruminal acidosis induction experiments: similarities and differences between changes in milk fatty acids. | subacute ruminal acidosis (sara) is one of the most important metabolic disorders, traditionally characterized by low rumen ph, which might be induced by an increase in the dietary proportion of grains as well as by a reduction of structural fiber. both approaches were used in earlier published experiments in which sara was induced by replacing part of the ration by a grain mixture or alfalfa hay by alfalfa pellets. the main differences between both experiments were the presence of blood lipopol ... | 2013 | 23628250 |
| e. coli o157:h7 population reduction from alfalfa seeds with malic acid and thiamine dilauryl sulfate and quality evaluation of the resulting sprouts. | it has been reported that washing seeds with a 20000 ppm ca(ocl)(2) solution as recommended by the u.s. food and drug administration is unable to eliminate e. coli cells attached to seed surfaces, and the bacterial cells that have survived a sanitation wash can proliferate during sprouting to a high population. the objectives of this research were to examine the efficacy of malic acid (ma) and thiamine dilauryl sulfate (tds) combined treatments on the inactivation of e. coli o157:h7 on alfalfa s ... | 2012 | 22309403 |
| dietary supplementation of rosmarinus officinalis l. leaves in sheep affects the abundance of rumen methanogens and other microbial populations. | rumen microbiome has a great influence on ruminant health and productivity. different plant extracts have been tested for their ability to modulate the rumen microbiome to improve feed digestion and fermentation. among the evaluated plant extracts, essential oils, tannins, and saponins appeared to have positive effects on rumen protein metabolism, volatile fatty acids production, and methane and ammonia production. | 2016 | 27123239 |
| effects of different sources of physically effective fiber on rumen microbial populations. | physically effective fiber is needed by dairy cattle to prevent ruminal acidosis. this study aimed to examine the effects of different sources of physically effective fiber on the populations of fibrolytic bacteria and methanogens. five ruminally cannulated holstein cows were each fed five diets differing in physically effective fiber sources over 15 weeks (21 days/period) in a latin square design: (1) 44.1% corn silage, (2) 34.0% corn silage plus 11.5% alfalfa hay, (3) 34.0% corn silage plus 5. ... | 2016 | 26365790 |
| subacute ruminal acidosis challenge changed in situ degradability of feedstuffs in dairy goats. | this study investigated the effects of wheat-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (sara) on rumen bacterial populations and in situ degradabilities of ndf, starch, and crude protein of feeds. four multiparous dairy goats (bw=60±3.3kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were assigned to a 2×2 crossover design (28-d treatment periods separated by a 7-d washout interval). the treatment diets consisted of 2 levels of cracked wheat: 0 (control, corn based concentrate) and 35% (diet-induced sara, wheat-based c ... | 2014 | 24913652 |
| effect of dietary physically effective fiber on ruminal fermentation and the fatty acid profile of milk in dairy goats. | the objective of this experiment was to characterize the relationship among rumen fermentation variables, milk fatty acid profile, and dietary physically effective neutral detergent fiber (pendf) content in a study that controlled for the potential confounding effects of dissimilar dry matter intake among treatments. ten multiparous xinong saanen dairy goats were divided into 2 groups with 2 ruminally cannulated goats per group. goats in each group were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments (hig ... | 2014 | 24508430 |
| postprandial changes of fiber-degrading microbes in the rumen of sheep fed diets varying in type of forage as monitored by real-time pcr and automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. | four ruminally cannulated sheep were used in a crossover design to assess the postprandial changes of fiber-degrading microbes in the solid phase of the rumen of sheep fed 2 high-forage diets. the diets had forage:concentrate ratio of 70:30 (dm basis) and either alfalfa (medicago sativa) hay (al) or grass hay (gr) as forage (for). sheep were fed twice daily, and samples from solid rumen digesta were taken at 0, 4, and 8 h after the morning feeding. postprandial changes of dna concentrations of a ... | 2012 | 23100580 |
| effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme application on the microbial attachment and digestion of barley straw in vitro. | the effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (efe; a mixture of two preparations from trichoderma spp., with predominant xylanase and β-glucanase activities, respectively) on colonization and digestion of ground barley straw and alfalfa hay by fibrobacter succinogenes s85 and ruminococcus flavefaciens fd1 were studied in vitro. the two levels (28 and 280 μg/ml) of efe tested and both bacteria were effective at digesting ndf of hay and straw. with both substrates, more ndf hydrolysis (p<0.01) was ... | 2012 | 25049480 |
| [response of alfalfa seed to stress storage conditions]. | the seed germination rate, seed mortality, seedling length, and infection rate of alfalfa (medicago sativa l. cv. 'longdong') were measured at constant temperature 20 degrees c every 60 days during one year storage period after inoculated or no inoculated by fusarium avenaceum under room temperature (rt), 35 degrees c, and 35 degrees c and +10% seed moisture content (smc) conditions. field emergence rates of seeds under above treatments were also observed, and seed-borne fungi were detected unde ... | 2002 | 12418255 |
| increased resistance to fungal wilts in transgenic eggplant expressing alfalfa glucanase gene. | the wilt diseases caused by verticillium dahliae and fusarium oxysporum are the major diseases of eggplant (solanum melongena l.). in order to generate transgenic resistance against the wilt diseases, agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was performed to introduce alfalfa glucanase gene encoding an acidic glucanase into eggplant using neomycin phosphotransferase (npt-ii) gene as a plant selection marker. the transgene integration into eggplant genome was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (p ... | 2014 | 24757318 |
| in vitro selection of alfalfa plants resistant to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis. | from two lines of medicago sativa characterized by a high regeneration capability, calli resistant to culture filtrate of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis have been selected. in these calli regeneration capability was greatly reduced and only one plant per callus was recovered. regenerated plants have been evaluated for resistance to culture filtrate and for in vivo resistance to the pathogen. three plants out of eight were resistant to the fungus and a high correlation between resistance t ... | 1987 | 24240327 |
| influence of nonhosts, crucifers, and fungal parasites on field populations of heterodera schachtii. | heterodera schaehtii egg number decline under nonhosts was surveyed for 3-4 years at soil depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm in three fields in the imperial valley, california. in the two fields continously cropped to alfalfa, annual decline rates were 49 and 63%, respectively, and did not differ (p = 0.05) between depths. in the third field, cropped to annual nonhosts and fallowed, decline rates of 56 and 80% at 0-30-cm and 30-60-cm depths, respectively, were significantly different (p = 0.05). egg ... | 1981 | 19300739 |
| inoculation of pah-degrading strains of fusarium solani and arthrobacter oxydans in rhizospheric sand and soil microcosms: microbial interactions and pah dissipation. | very little is known about the influence of bacterial-fungal ecological interactions on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) dissipation in soils. fusarium solani mm1 and arthrobacter oxydans mshm11 can dissipate pahs in vitro. we investigated their interactions and their effect on the dissipation of three pahs-phenanthrene (phe), pyrene (pyr) and dibenz(a,h)anthracene (dba)-in planted microcosms, in sterile sand or non-sterile soil. in sterile sand microcosms planted with alfalfa, the two micr ... | 2013 | 23543362 |
| endobacter medicaginis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from alfalfa nodules in an acidic soil. | a bacterial strain designated m1ms02(t) was isolated from a surface-sterilized nodule of medicago sativa in zamora (spain). the 16s rrna gene sequence of this strain showed 96.5 and 96.2 % similarity, respectively, with respect to gluconacetobacter liquefaciens ifo 12388(t) and granulibacter bethesdensis cgdnih1(t) from the family acetobacteraceae. the novel isolate was a gram-stain-negative, non-sporulating, aerobic coccoid to rod-shaped bacterium that was motile by a subpolar flagellum. the ma ... | 2013 | 23002052 |
| control of xiphinema index populations by fallow plants under greenhouse and field conditions. | the dagger nematode xiphinema index has a high economic impact in vineyards by direct pathogenicity and above all by transmitting the grapevine fanleaf virus (gflv). agrochemicals have been largely employed to restrict the spread of gflv by reducing x. index populations but are now banned. as an alternative to nematicides, the use of fallow plants between two successive vine crops was assessed. we selected plant species adapted to vineyard soils and exhibiting negative impact on nematodes and we ... | 2012 | 22376084 |
| antiviral, immunomodulatory, and free radical scavenging activities of a protein-enriched fraction from the larvae of the housefly, musca domestica. | in our previous study, protein-enriched fraction (pef) that was isolated from the larvae of the housefly, musca domestica l. (diptera: muscidae), showed excellent hepatoprotective activity as well as the potential for clinical application in therapy for liver diseases. in this study, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and free radical scavenging activities of pef were evaluated. the antiviral results demonstrated that pef inhibited the infection of avian influenza virus h9n2 and had a virucidal effect ... | 2013 | 24735244 |
| examination of commercially available copper oxide wire particles in combination with albendazole for control of gastrointestinal nematodes in lambs. | control of gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) remains a critical issue due to the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance. the objective of the experiment was to determine the efficacy of copper oxide wire particles (cowp) from three commercial sources and a combination of cowp and albendazole to control gin and/or haemonchus contortus in lambs. naturally infected katahdin lambs in early june 2014 and 2015 were randomly assigned to receive no cowp (con; n=9 and 12) or 2g cowp in a gel capsule as cop ... | 2016 | 26790729 |
| anthelmintic effect of carob pods and sainfoin hay when fed to lambs after experimental trickle infections with haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus colubriformis. | the aim of the study was to compare the in vivo anthelmintic activity of sainfoin hay (onobrychis viciifolia) and carob pod meal (ceratonia siliqua) against gastrointestinal nematodes. seven days before infection, 64 naive lambs were assigned to four different groups: group s received sainfoin hay and group car was fed with carob pods. the remaining lambs received lucerne hay (medicago sativa) and were assigned to positive (non-treated, nt) and negative (treated, t) control groups (treatment wit ... | 2014 | 25526546 |
| effect of sericea lespedeza leaf meal pellets on adult female haemonchus contortus in goats. | sericea lespedeza (sl; lespedeza cuneata) is a perennial warm-season forage rich in condensed tannins (ct) that has been reported to have anthelmintic activity against small ruminant gastrointestinal nematodes (gin), particularly haemonchus contortus, a highly pathogenic blood-feeder, but the mechanism of action of ct against h. contortus is not clearly understood. an experiment with young goats was designed to study the effect of sl leaf meal pellets on (1) a mature h. contortus infection, and ... | 2015 | 25465738 |
| survival of murine norovirus, tulane virus, and hepatitis a virus on alfalfa seeds and sprouts during storage and germination. | human norovirus (hunov) and hepatitis a virus (hav) have been involved in several produce-associated outbreaks and identified as major food-borne viral etiologies. in this study, the survival of hunov surrogates (murine norovirus [mnv] and tulane virus [tv]) and hav was investigated on alfalfa seeds during storage and postgermination. alfalfa seeds were inoculated with mnv, tv, or hav with titers of 6.46 ± 0.06 log pfu/g, 3.87 ± 0.38 log pfu/g, or 7.01 ± 0.07 log 50% tissue culture infectious do ... | 2013 | 24014537 |
| effect of nonhost cultivars on heterodera schachtii population dynamics. | broadcast plantings of nonhost cultivars (alfalfa, barley, bean, onion, potato, and wheat) in soil in redwood boxes (4.2 x 30 x 14 cm) infested with heterodera schachtii reduced the initial nematode populations (p = 0.05). the reduction was greater with sugarbeets, a host, than with all other cropping treatments except onion, bean, and fallow (p = 0.05). after 80 days, when the root growth of all treatments had completely penetrated the soil, the nematode population was lower under onion than un ... | 1980 | 19300671 |
| potential transfer of extended spectrum β-lactamase encoding gene, blashv18 gene, between klebsiella pneumoniae in raw foods. | this study investigated the transfer frequency of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase-encoding gene (blashv18) among klebsiella pneumoniae in tryptic soy broth (tsb), pasteurized milk, unpasteurized milk, alfalfa sprouts and chopped lettuce at defined temperatures. all transconjugants were characterized phenotypically and genotypically. kp04(δkm) and kp08(δkm) isolated from seed sprouts and kp342 were used as recipients in mating experiments with k. pneumoniae atcc 700603 serving as the donor. in ... | 2016 | 27554144 |
| mutational approach for n2-fixing and p-solubilizing mutant strains of klebsiella pneumoniae rsn19 by microwave mutagenesis. | nitrogen (n) fixing klebsiella pneumoniae rsn19 has high inorganic phosphorus (p) solubilizing capability, but its n2-fixing capability is limited. in order to acquire a p-solubilizing mutant strain with high efficiency n-fixing capability, different microwave irradiation intensities and durations were tested on rsn19 in an attempt to produce mutants with improved n2-fixation and p-solubilization capabilities. the effect of microwave irradiation power and time were studied and the microwave muta ... | 2011 | 25187147 |
| phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis of lactic acid bacteria isolated from forage crops and grasses in the tibetan plateau. | a total of 140 lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains were isolated from corn, alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, and indian goosegrass in the tibetan plateau. according to phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16s rdna sequence, and reca gene pcr amplification, these lab isolates were identified as belonging to five genera and nine species. corn contained more lab species than other forage crops. leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, lactobacillus brevis, and weissella ... | 2012 | 22367939 |
| meta-analysis of effects of inoculation with homofermentative and facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, and the performance of dairy cows. | forages are usually inoculated with homofermentative and facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (lab) to enhance lactic acid fermentation of forages, but effects of such inoculants on silage quality and the performance of dairy cows are unclear. therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of lab inoculation on silage quality and preservation and the performance of dairy cows. a second objective was to examine the factors affecting the response to silage inoculatio ... | 2017 | 28342607 |
| interactive effect of inoculant and dried jujube powder on the fermentation quality and nitrogen fraction of alfalfa silage. | the interactive effect of inoculants and dried jujube powder (djp) on the fermentation and nitrogen fraction (pa, pb1, pb2, pb3 and pc fractions) of alfalfa silage was investigated. three of the lactobacillus plantarum inoculants (lp1, lp2 or lp3) were used. the djp was added at rates of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 or 15% of the whole fresh forage. the combination of djp and inoculants decreased the ph value and ammonia nitrogen content and increased the pc portion. as the djp ratio increased, there was a pe ... | 2017 | 27611989 |
| effects of chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole on fermentation quality of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silage inoculated with or without lactobacillus plantarum lp. | the effects of pesticides and lactobacillus plantarum (lp) on fermentation quality of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silage were investigated. chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole were sprayed on the surface of alfalfa plants at 658.6 and 45.0 g active ingredient/ha, respectively. alfalfa plants were harvested on day 5 post-application and ensiled with or without lp. chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole decreased the yeast count of alfalfa material (p < 0.05). both pesticides increased the butyric ... | 2017 | 27346034 |
| in vitro ruminal fermentation of treated alfalfa silage using ruminal inocula from high and low feed-efficient lactating cows. | to assess the effect of two additives on alfalfa silage and on in vitro ruminal fermentation when using ruminal inocula from high feed-efficient (he) and low feed-efficient (le) lactating cows. | 2016 | 27241014 |
| control of escherichia coli o157:h7 in contaminated alfalfa silage: effects of silage additives. | this study was conducted to examine if adding microbial inoculants or propionic acid to alfalfa silages contaminated with escherichia coli o157:h7 would inhibit the growth of the pathogen during or after ensiling. alfalfa forage was harvested at the early bloom stage, wilted to a dry matter concentration of 54%, chopped to 19-mm lengths, and ensiled after treatment with one of the following: (1) distilled water (control); (2) 1×10(5) cfu/g of e. coli o157:h7 (ec); (3) ec and 1×10(6) cfu/g of lac ... | 2016 | 27040788 |
| cytorhabdovirus p3 genes encode 30k-like cell-to-cell movement proteins. | plant viruses encode movement proteins (mp) to facilitate cell-to-cell transport through plasmodesmata. in this study, using trans-complementation of a movement-defective turnip vein-clearing tobamovirus (tvcv) replicon, we show for the first time for cytorhabdoviruses (lettuce necrotic yellows virus (lnyv) and alfalfa dwarf virus (adv)) that their p3 proteins function as mp similar to the tvcv p30 protein. all three mp localized to plasmodesmata when ectopically expressed. in addition, we show ... | 2016 | 26700068 |
| evaluation of aerated steam treatment of alfalfa and mung bean seeds to eliminate high levels of escherichia coli o157:h7 and o178:h12, salmonella enterica, and listeria monocytogenes. | sprouts contaminated with human pathogens are able to cause food-borne diseases due to the favorable growth conditions for bacteria during germination and because of minimal processing steps prior to consumption. we have investigated the potential of hot humid air, i.e., aerated steam, to treat alfalfa and mung bean seeds which have been artificially contaminated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar weltevreden, and listeria monocytogenes scott a. in additio ... | 2013 | 23709507 |
| lucerne transient streak virus; a recently detected virus infecting alfafa (medicago sativa) in central saudi arabia. | a survey was conducted to determine the status of lucerne transient streak virus (ltsv) in three high-yielding alfalfa regions in central saudi arabia (riyadh, qassim, and hail) during 2014. three hundred and eight symptomatic alfalfa, and seven sonchus oleraceus samples were collected. das-elisa indicated that 59 of these samples were positive to ltsv. two isolates of ltsv from each region were selected for molecular studies. rt-pcr confirmed the presence of ltsv in the selected samples using a ... | 2017 | 28167887 |
| effects of ruminal dosing of holstein cows with megasphaera elsdenii on milk fat production, ruminal chemistry, and bacterial strain persistence. | megasphaera elsdenii is a lactate-utilizing bacterium whose ruminal abundance has been shown to be greatly elevated during milk fat depression (mfd). to further examine this association, a total of 23 cannulated multiparous holstein cows were examined in 3 experiments in which strains of m. elsdenii were directly dosed into the rumen (~2 × 10(12) cells/dose); control cows were dosed with sterile lactate-free culture medium. cows were fed a total mixed ration (292 g of starch/kg of dry matter) th ... | 2015 | 26298766 |
| fermentation of alfalfa wet-fractionation liquids to volatile fatty acids by streptococcus bovis and megasphaera elsdenii. | "green juice", obtained by squeezing fresh alfalfa leaves inoculated with lactic acid bacteria, was fermented at room temperature for 7-21 d to obtain 12-47 g lactic acid l(-1). inoculation of green juice with streptococcus bovis and incubation at 39°c reduced fermentation time to 8-12h. the resulting "brown juice" from either fermentation had a ph of ∼4.5 and a protein precipitate. upon adjustment to ph 5.2-6.8 and inoculation with megasphaera elsdenii, brown juice was fermented within 48 h to ... | 2013 | 23732922 |
| a pathotype system to describe intraspecific variation in pathogenicity of meloidogyne chitwoodi. | tests of eight dutch meloidogyne chitwoodi isolates to the differential set for host races 1 and 2 in m. chitwoodi provided no evidence for the existence of host race 2 in the netherlands. the data showed deviations from expected reactions on the differential hosts, which raised doubts of the usefulness of the host race classification in m. chitwoodi. the term ''pathotype'' is proposed for groups of isolates of one meloidogyne sp. that exhibit the same level of pathogenicity on genotypes of one ... | 1999 | 19270911 |
| importance of temperature in the pathology of meloidogyne hapla and m. chitwoodi on legumes. | effects of temperatures on the host-parasite relationships were studied for three legume species and four populations of root-knot nematodes from the western united states. the nematode populations were meloidogyne hapla from california (mhca), utah (mhut), and wyoming (mhwy), and a population of m. chitwoodi from utah (mcut). the legumes were milkvetch (astragalus cicer), alfalfa (medicago sativa), and yellow sweet clover (melilotus officinalis). all milkvetch plants survived inoculation with a ... | 1997 | 19274139 |
| resistance of auto- and allotetraploid triticeae species and accessions to meloidogyne chitwoodi based on genome composition. | the columbia root-knot nematode meloidogyne chitwoodi parasitizes several plant species, including grasses that have been developed for semiarid environments, and substantially reduces the productivity of cereals and the longevity of perennial grasses growing under semiarid conditions throughout the intermountain region. thirty-two auto- and allotetraploid (2n = 28) taxa in the perennial triticeae were evaluated as possible sources of resistance to m. chitwoodi. low levels of root galling were o ... | 1997 | 19274138 |
| host suitability of twelve leguminosae species to populations of meloidogyne hapla and m. chitwoodi. | legumes of the genera astragalus (milkvetch), coronilla (crownvetch), lathyrus (pea vine), lotus (birdsfoot trefoil), medicago (alfalfa), melilotus (clover), trifolium (clover), and vicia (common vetch) were inoculated with a population of melaidogyne chitwoodi from utah or with one of three m. hapla populations from california, utah, and wyoming.thirty-nine percent to 86% of alfalfa (m. scutellata) and 10% to 55% of red clover (t. pratense) plants survived inoculation with the nematode populati ... | 1996 | 19277158 |
| host tests to differentiate meloidogyne chitwoodi races 1 and 2 and m. hapla. | the reproductive factor (r = final egg density at 55 days / 5,000, initial egg density) of meloidogyne chitwoodi race 2 (alfalfa race) on 46 crop cultivars ranged from 0 to 130. the reproductive efficiency of m. chitwoodi race 1 (non-alfalfa race) and m. chitwoodi race 2 was compared on selected crop cultivars. the basic difference between the two races lay in their differential reproduction on thor alfalfa and red cored chantenay carrot. m. chitwoodi race 2 reproduced on alfalfa but not on carr ... | 1988 | 19290239 |
| differential response of thor alfalfa to meloidogyne chitwoodi races and m. hapla. | second-stage juveniles (j2) of races 1 and 2 of meloidogyne chiiwoodi and m. hapla readily penetrated roots of thor alfalfa and columbian tomato seedlings; however, few individuals of m. chitwoodi race 1 were able to establish feeding sites and mature on alfalfa. histopathological studies indicate that j2 of race 1 either failed to initiate feeding sites or they caused cell enlargement without typical cell wall thickening. the protoplasm of these cells coagulated, and juveniles of race 1 did not ... | 1988 | 19290231 |
| effect of soil temperature on reproduction of meloidogyne chitwoodi and m. hapla alone and in combination on potato and m. chitwoodi on rotation plants. | meloidogyne chitwoodi developed and reproduced more rapidly than m. hapla in potato roots at 15, 20, or 25 c when both species of nematodes were inoculated simultaneously at 250 or 1,000 juveniles of each. at 30 c significantly more m. hapla than m. chitwoodi females were found at the lower inoculum level after 41 days. more m. chitwoodi than m. hapla juveniles were extracted from soil at 15, 20, and 25 c, but only at the lower inoculum level at 30 c. potato was considered a more suitable host f ... | 1984 | 19294027 |
| biological relationship of meloidogyne hapla populations to alfalfa cultivars. | greenhouse and growth chamber studies were established to determine if there are pathological and physiological differences among meloidogyne hapla populations from california (ca), nevada (nv), utah (ut), and wyoming (wy) on alfalfa cultivars classified as resistant or susceptible to root-knot nematodes. in the greenhouse, plant survival was not consistent with resistance classifications. while all highly resistant nevada synthetic germplasm (nev syn xx) plants survived inoculation with all nem ... | 1995 | 19277299 |
| resistance of lathyrus species and accessions to the northern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne hapla. | the leguminous plant genus lathyrus contains many species useful for soil conservation and reclamation. some of these species may also have vaiue in the united states for forage production. the extent of genetic variation among lathyrus populations in reaction to most disease pathogens is not known. we examined 28 usda agricultural research service plant introduction accessions representing 16 lathyrus species for their ability to tolerate attack by the northern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne h ... | 1992 | 19283053 |
| susceptibility of nevada synthetic xx germplasm to a california race of meloidogyne hapla. | | 1989 | 19287611 |
| pathogenicity of two populations of meloidogyne hapla chitwood on alfalfa and sainfoin. | the pathogenicity of two populations of the northern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne hapla chitwood, population 1 (p1) from alfalfa and population 2 (p2) from sainfoin, was studied on both alfalfa and sainfoin for 25 weeks. alfalfa and sainfoin plants inoculated with p2 had significantly (p </= 0.05) higher mortality than plants inoculated with p1. plant stands over all weeks for the uninoculated control, p1, and p2 were 90.5, 78.5, and 64.0% for alfalfa and 84.5, 51.0, and 41.0% for sainfoin, r ... | 1989 | 19287580 |
| nematode-degree days, a density-time model for relating epidemiology and crop losses in perennials. | the impact of meloidogyne hapla on alfalfa (medicago sativa) yield was described by a multiple point damage model as a function of current plant status, cumulative pest stress, and crop history. nematode-degree days (ndd(female symbol)), calculated on a physiologic time scale as total area under the adult female population density curve, were used to express m. hapla parasitism as cumulative nematode dosage. ndd(female symbol) increased exponentially over physiological time at rates relative to ... | 1987 | 19290114 |
| influence of alfalfa plant growth on the multiplication rates and ceiling population density of meloidogyne hapla. | the rates of reproduction and multiplication of meloidogyne hapla decreased as a result of self-regulatory, density-dependent processes with time and nematode population increase in the soil and roots of medicago sativa cv. cuf 101. juvenile, egg, and mature female population densities increased at a maximum rate until damage to the host resulted in alfalfa yield reductions. temporal differences in multiplication and reproduction rates of m. hapla were observed to be a function of initial popula ... | 1986 | 19294220 |
| interaction of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae and cultivars of alfalfa susceptible and resistant to meloidogyne hapla. | the interaction between vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (vam) fungi and the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne hapla) was investigated using both nematode-susceptible (grasslands wairau) and nematode-resistant (nevada synthetic xx) cultivars of alfalfa (medicago sativa) at four levels of applied phosphate. mycorrhizal inoculation improved plant growth and reduced nematode numbers and adult development in roots in dually infected cultures of the susceptible cultivar. the tolerance of plants to nema ... | 1986 | 19294155 |
| influence of meloidogyne hapla on alfalfa yield and host population dynamics. | self-thinning in alfalfa, a dynamic process involving the progressive elimination of the weakest plants, was enhanced by meloidogyne hapla. alfalfa stand densities decreased exponentially with time and were reduced 62% (p = 0.05) in the presence of m. hapla. as stand densities decreased over time, mean plant weights increased at a rate 2.59 times faster in the absence of m. hapla. in a stepwise multiple regression analysis, 65% of the total variation in yield could be explained by changes in sta ... | 1985 | 19294119 |
| response of two alfalfa cultivars to meloidogyne hapla. | | 1983 | 19295860 |
| effects of dcpa, eptc, and chlorpropham on pathogenicity of meloidogyne hapla to alfalfa. | treatments wilh the herbicides chlorpropham (isopropyl m-chlorocarbinilate), dcpa (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate), and el'tc (s-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), alone or in combination with meloidogyne hapla chilwood, significantly reduced the growth of both nemalode-resistant 'nev syn xx' atttt susceptible 'ranger" alfalfa (medicago saliva l.) seedlings. m. hapla infection of both alfalfas was reduced by all herbicides because of fewer available infective courts in the treated plants. eptc, ho ... | 1979 | 19305525 |
| penetration and development of meloidogyne hapla in resistant and susceptible alfalfa under differing temperatures. | studies were conducted to examine under differing temperatures (12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 c) the penetration anti development of meloidogyne hapla in resistant lines '298' and 'nev. syn xx', and susceptible 'lahontan' and 'ranger' hardy-type alfalfas. the results indicated that resistance to m. hapla was similar to that previously described for m. incognita in nonhardy alfalfa. although initial penetration in resistant seedlings was similar to that of susceptible seedlings, nematode larvae fail ... | 1977 | 19305571 |
| effect of plant age on resistance of alfalfa to meloidogyne hapla. | meloidogyne hapla-resistant plants grown from cuttings and inoculated with m. hapla larvae were free of galls. however, 35 to 48% of the seedling intercross progeny of resistant genotypes that were inoculated in the germinated seed stage were galled. there was an inverse relationship between the age of plants grown from seed and the percentage of plants galled by m. hapla; the older the plants at inoculation, the greater the percentage of gall-free plants. the per cent of galled plants was signi ... | 1972 | 19319252 |
| transcriptome analysis of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars infected with root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | nematodes are one of the major limiting factors in alfalfa production. root-knot nematodes (rkn, meloidogyne spp.) are widely distributed and economically important sedentary endoparasites of agricultural crops and they may inflict significant damage to alfalfa fields. as of today, no studies have been published on global gene expression profiling in alfalfa infected with rkn or any other plant parasitic nematode. very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute to ... | 2015 | 25822722 |
| transcriptome analysis of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars infected with root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | nematodes are one of the major limiting factors in alfalfa production. root-knot nematodes (rkn, meloidogyne spp.) are widely distributed and economically important sedentary endoparasites of agricultural crops and they may inflict significant damage to alfalfa fields. as of today, no studies have been published on global gene expression profiling in alfalfa infected with rkn or any other plant parasitic nematode. very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute to ... | 2015 | 25710378 |
| nutsedge counts predict meloidogyne incognita juvenile counts in an integrated management system. | the southern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), yellow nutsedge (cyperus esculentus) and purple nutsedge (cyperus rotundus) are important pests in crops grown in the southern us. management of the individual pests rather than the pest complex is often unsuccessful due to mutually beneficial pest interactions. in an integrated pest management scheme using alfalfa to suppress nutsedges and m. incognita, we evaluated quadratic polynomial regression models for prediction of the number of m. ... | 2008 | 19259526 |
| species-dependent effects of border cell and root tip exudates on nematode behavior. | abstract effects of border cell and root tip exudates on root knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) behavior were examined. in whole-plant assays using pea, m. incognita second-stage juveniles (j2) accumulated rapidly around the 1- to 2-mm apical region ensheathed by border cells, but not in the region of elongation. within 15 to 30 min, j2 which had accumulated within detached clumps of border cells lost motility and entered into a quiescent state. when border cells (and associated root tip exu ... | 2000 | 18944426 |