| [professor wüstenberg 65 years of age]. | | 2014 | 4269881 |
| [result of postoperative radiotherapy of breast carcinoma]. | | 2014 | 4310709 |
| [scintillographic diagnosis]. | | 2014 | 4538795 |
| [electrotherapy of severe arrhythmias]. | | 2014 | 4121286 |
| letter: floor bacteria in an intensive-care unit. | | 2014 | 4127267 |
| [prevention of sensitivity to rh factor by immunosuppressive drugs]. | | 2014 | 4219983 |
| predicting recovery in bell's palsy. | | 2014 | 4064985 |
| [survival of poliovirus in a frozen state]. | | 2014 | 4311284 |
| image reconstruction using electron micrographs of insect flight muscle. use of thick transverse sections to supplement data from tilted thin longitudinal sections. | three-dimensional reconstruction using electron micrographs of thin sections is a powerful technique for determining cross-bridge structure. tilt restrictions in the electron microscope prevent data collection beyond tilt angles of 60 degrees, giving rise to a "missing cone" of transform data. we show here how much of this data can be obtained using micrographs of thick transverse sections, and the effect this data has on reconstructed images of the insect flight muscle myac layer. as a byproduc ... | 2014 | 3955176 |
| [diagnosis and documentation of biliary calculi]. | | 2014 | 3887025 |
| [massive doses of thiamine in neurosurgical resuscitation]. | | 2015 | 4690563 |
| a priori vs. a posteriori probabilities. | | 2015 | 4782674 |
| antifertility agents: introduction and history. | the article is a brief historical account of the birth and development of steroidal contraception. over 400 oral contraceptive agents have been and/or are in use. attention is called to particular medical writers who have composed excellent historical accounts of the development of the synthetic estrogens and progestins used in commercial and investigative oral contraceptives. | 2015 | 4584283 |
| use of a heat transfer analogy for a mathematical model of respiratory tract deposition. | | 2015 | 4422751 |
| neonatal hypothermia in australia. | | 2015 | 4477652 |
| [myxedema coma. study of 3 cases]. | | 2015 | 4353062 |
| [microdetermination of pyrimethamine and 5-aryl-6-alkyl derivatives of 2,4-diaminopyrimidines in biological fluids and tissues by adsorption chromatography on sephadex g-25 and g-10]. | | 2016 | 5097371 |
| [hemolytic uremic (gasser's) syndrome]. | | 2016 | 5012060 |
| immunization with skin isografts taken from tolerant mice. | skin isografts from mice that were immunologically tolerant to allogeneic tissue had the ability to immunize isogeneic recipients against subsequent skin allografts. the immunizing isografts showed no gross signs of rejection themselves and appeared to be only the vehicles for transplantation antigen. it seems likely that allogeneic leukocytes derived from the spleen and bone marrow cells used to confer tolerance were contained in the skin of the tolerant mice and were transferred by the skin is ... | 2016 | 4861519 |
| [anatomo-pathology and spontaneous evolution of colonic polyps and polyposis]. | | 2016 | 4732753 |
| ganglionic cystic defects of bone. | | 2016 | 4703202 |
| hijacking bacterial glycosylation for the production of glycoconjugates, from vaccines to humanised glycoproteins. | glycosylation or the modification of a cellular component with a carbohydrate moiety has been demonstrated in all three domains of life as a basic post-translational process important in a range of biological processes. this review will focus on the latest studies attempting to exploit bacterial n-linked protein glycosylation for glycobiotechnological applications including glycoconjugate vaccine and humanised glycoprotein production. the challenges that remain for these approaches to reach full ... | 2014 | 25244672 |
| total phenolic content and antibacterial activity of five plants of labiatae against four foodborne and some other bacteria. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of thymus vulgaris, thymus caramanicus, zataria multiflora, ziziphora clinopodioides and ziziphora tenuior against four foodborne and four other bacteria including staphylococcus aureus, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus subtilis, mrsa and pseudomona aeruginosa and measuring the amount of total phenolics of the plants. the extracts were prepared by maceration method. ... | 2014 | 25237351 |
| shiga toxin in enterohemorrhagic e.coli: regulation and novel anti-virulence strategies. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) are responsible for major outbreaks of bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) throughout the world. the mortality associated with ehec infections stems from the production and release of a potent shiga toxin (stx) by these bacteria. stx induces cell death in endothelial cells, primarily in the urinary tract, causing hus. stx was first described in shigella dysenteriae serotype i by kiyoshi shiga and was discovered later in ehec. multiple env ... | 2012 | 22919672 |
| novel genomic tools for specific and real-time detection of biothreat and frequently encountered foodborne pathogens. | the bacterial genera escherichia, salmonella, shigella, vibrio, yersinia, and francisella include important food safety and biothreat agents. by extensive mining of the whole genome and protein databases of diverse, closely and distantly related bacterial species and strains, we have identified novel genome regions, which we utilized to develop a rapid detection platform for these pathogens. the specific genomic targets we have identified to design the primers in francisella tularensis subsp. tu ... | 2012 | 22488053 |
| customizable pcr-microplate array for differential identification of multiple pathogens. | customizable pcr-microplate arrays were developed for the rapid identification of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella saintpaul, salmonella typhi, shigella dysenteriae, escherichia coli o157:h7, francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis, francisella tularensis subsp. novicida, vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, yersinia pestis, and yersinia pseudotuberculosis. previously, we identified highly specific primers targeting each of these pathogens. here, we report the development of customizable ... | 2013 | 24215700 |
| development and evaluation of an up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral flow assay for rapid detection of francisella tularensis. | francisella tularensis is a potential biowarfare/bioterrorism agent and zoonotic pathogen that causes tularemia; thus, surveillance of f. tularensis and first-level emergency response using point-of-care testing (poct) are essential. the upt-lf poct assay was established to quantitatively detect f. tularensis within 15 min, and the sensitivity of the assay was 10(4) cfu · ml(-1) (100 cfu/test). the linear quantitative range covered five orders of magnitude, and the coefficients of variation were ... | 2015 | 26608358 |
| synthetic oligosaccharides as tools to demonstrate cross-reactivity between polysaccharide antigens. | escherichia coli o148 is a nonencapsulated enterotoxigenic (etec) gram negative bacterium that can cause diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. the surface-exposed o-specific polysaccharide (o-sp) of the lipopolysaccharide of this bacterium is considered both a virulence factor and a protective antigen. it is built up of the linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit [3)-α-l-rhap-(1→2)-α-d-glcp-(1→3)-α-d-glcnacp-(1→3)-α-l-rhap-(1→] differing from that of the o-sp of s ... | 2012 | 22713129 |
| genomic analysis of the emergence of 20th century epidemic dysentery. | shigella dysenteriae type 1 (sd1) causes recurrent epidemics of dysentery associated with high mortality in many regions of the world. sd1 infects humans at very low infectious doses (10 cfu), and treatment is complicated by the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistant sd1 strains. sd1 is only detected in the context of human infections, and the circumstances under which epidemics emerge and regress remain unknown. | 2014 | 24886041 |
| occurrence of potential bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns isolated from herbal medicinal products sold in different markets of gondar town, northwest ethiopia. | background. the world health organization estimates that about 80% of the world's population uses herbal medicine to treat various illnesses as means of primary healthcare. however, during preparation, herbal plants may be exposed to contamination by potential pathogens, and this may lead to infections. the aim of this study was to determine bacterial contamination of herbal medicinal products and to assess the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolated bacteria. methods. a cross-sectiona ... | 2016 | 27299154 |
| multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing stx nomenclature. | when shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains emerged as agents of human disease, two types of toxin were identified: shiga toxin type 1 (stx1) (almost identical to shiga toxin produced by shigella dysenteriae type 1) and the immunologically distinct type 2 (stx2). subsequently, numerous stec strains have been characterized that express toxins with variations in amino acid sequence, some of which confer unique biological properties. these variants were grouped within the stx1 or stx ... | 2012 | 22760050 |
| the anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of picralima nitida on shigella dysenteriae type i induced diarrhoea in rats. | picralima nitida stapf (apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant used traditionally in cameroon to cure various ailments such as gastrointestinal disorders and dysentery. this study reports the in vitro and in vivo anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of this plant on rats. | 2013 | 23957940 |
| active shiga-like toxin produced by some aeromonas spp., isolated in mexico city. | shiga-like toxins (stx) represent a group of bacterial toxins involved in human and animal diseases. stx is produced by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae type 1, citrobacter freundii, and aeromonas spp.; stx is an important cause of bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus). the aim of this study was to identify the stx1/stx2 genes in clinical strains and outer membrane vesicles (omvs) of aeromonas spp., 66 strains were isolated from children who live in mexico c ... | 2016 | 27725813 |
| characterization of two polyvalent phages infecting enterobacteriaceae. | bacteriophages display remarkable genetic diversity and host specificity. in this study, we explore phages infecting bacterial strains of the enterobacteriaceae family because of their ability to infect related but distinct hosts. we isolated and characterized two novel virulent phages, sh6 and sh7, using a strain of shigella flexneri as host bacterium. morphological and genomic analyses revealed that phage sh6 belongs to the t1virus genus of the siphoviridae family. conversely, phage sh7 was cl ... | 2017 | 28091598 |
| antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of the phytochemicals of whole leucas aspera extract. | to investigate the antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of whole leucas aspera (labiatae) (l. aspera) alcoholic extract. | 0 | 23620850 |
| in vitro antibacterial and in vivo cytotoxic activities of grewia paniculata. | grewia paniculata (family: malvaceae) has been used to treat inflammation, respiratory disorders and fever. it is additionally employed for other health conditions including colds, diarrhea and as an insecticide in bangladesh. the aim of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of different extracts of grewia paniculata. | 0 | 25949950 |
| antimicrobial activity of the mycotoxin citrinin obtained from the fungus penicillium citrinum. | the mycotoxin citrinin was obtained from the fungus penicillium citrinum. it was tested for it's minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) against some gram positive strains viz. staphylococcus aureus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtillis, bacillus cereus, klebsiella pneumoniae, streptococcus pneumoniae, lactobacillus arabinosus and gram negative strains e.coli, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, salmonella typhimurium, proteus mirabilis and vibrio cholerae. further the zones o ... | 2002 | 22557053 |
| antimicrobial action of the leaf extract of lagerstroemia parviflora roxb. | the benzene extract of the leaves of lagerstroemia paviflora roxb was tested for its minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) against gram positive staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, klebsiella pneumoniae, streptococcus pneumoniae, lactobacillus arabinosus and gram negative strains e.coli, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, salmonella typhimurium, proteus mirabilis and vibrio cholerae. further the zones of inhibition produced by the crude extract agains ... | 2002 | 22557054 |
| lethal synergy involving bicyclomycin: an approach for reviving old antibiotics. | one way to address the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance is to revive old compounds that may have intrinsic lethal activity that is obscured by protective factors. bicyclomycin is an old inhibitor of the rho transcription terminator that by itself shows little rapid lethal activity. however, bicyclomycin participates in bacteriostatic synergy, which raises the possibility that conditions for lethal synergy may exist, perhaps through a suppression of protective factors. | 2014 | 25085655 |
| detection of toxigenic vibrio cholerae with new multiplex pcr. | vibrio cholerae (v. cholerae) is the etiological agent of epidemic cholera. in recent years, cholera has become endemic in different regions of the world. traditional culture and microscopic methods are considered the standard for the diagnosis of v. cholerae. however, these methods require days for confirmation. therefore, molecular methods that may be used for the sensitive, accurate, and rapid analysis of v. cholerae are urgently needed. | 2012 | 22632601 |
| [microbiological approach to a possible infective endocarditis case caused by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans]. | aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, a small, gram-negative coccobacillus that grows slow and fastidious, is generally colonized in the oral cavity. it is a rarely seen bacterium because of the difficulty of isolation but it can be a causative agent for dental infections and infective endocarditis (ie) particularly in the persons having prosthetic heart valves. in this report, a possible ie case caused by a.actinomycetemcomitans in a patient with aortic valve replacement has b ... | 2016 | 27175505 |
| antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal potentials of oxalis corniculata and its isolated compounds. | oxalis corniculata is a common medicinal plant widely used against numerous infectious diseases. the agrochemical potential of methanolic extract, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions were assessed to measure the antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities of the plant. the crude, chloroform, and n-butanol soluble fractions showed excellent activities against escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhi, and bacillus subtilis but have no activity ag ... | 2015 | 25873973 |
| antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of the phenolics of leea indica leaf extract. | this study investigated the phytochemical, antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of leea indica leaf ethanol extract. phytochemical values namely total phenolic and flavonoid contents, total antioxidant capacity, dpph radical scavenging effect, fecl3 reducing power, dmso superoxide scavenging effect and iron chelating effects were studied by established methods. antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects were screened by disk diffusion technique, food poison technique and brine ... | 2013 | 23961238 |
| synthesis of some novel bis[1, 2, 4]triazolo[3, 4-b][1, 3, 4]thiadiazine derivatives for antimicrobial evaluation. | a new series of novel bis[1, 2, 4]triazolo[3, 4-b][1, 3, 4]thiadiazines 7a-j has been synthesized by the reaction of [5, 5'-methylenebis(3-methylbenzofuran-7, 5-diyl)]bis[(4-amino-5-thioxo-4, 5-dihydro-1h-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl)methanone] (6) with a variety of phenacyl bromides in ethanol under reflux for 6 h. all the newly synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro activity against certain strains of bacteria such as escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, shigella dysenteriae and shigella f ... | 2011 | 24062120 |
| antibacterial and antifungal activity of holothuria leucospilota isolated from persian gulf and oman sea. | emergence of antimicrobial resistance toward a number of conventional antibiotics has triggered the search for antimicrobial agents from a variety of sources including the marine environment. | 2014 | 25147657 |
| phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of coccinia cordifolia l. plant. | the medicinal plant, coccinia cordifolia l. was analyzed for its chemical composition. the antimicrobial activities of the methanol, water, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of coccinia cordifolia l. plant were evaluated against some gram positive bacteria (sarcina lutea, bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus), gram negative bacteria (salmonella typhi, shigella dysenteriae and escherichia coli) and fungi (candida albicans, aspergillus niger and penicillium notatum). chemical analysis show ... | 2012 | 23009991 |
| stable expression of shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 o-antigen genes integrated into the chromosome of live salmonella oral vaccine vector ty21a. | typhoid fever and shigellosis cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet no anti-shigella vaccine is currently available. however, to protect against typhoid fever, an approved vaccine, based on the attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain ty21a is available. we have investigated ty21a as a live oral vaccine vector for expression of heterologous foreign antigens to protect against other diseases (e.g. shigellosis, anthrax, and plague). shigella lps is a potent vaccine antigen f ... | 2016 | 27655911 |
| evaluation of sample preparation methods for maldi-tof ms identification of highly dangerous bacteria. | to propose a universal workflow of sample preparation method for the identification of highly pathogenic bacteria by maldi-tof ms. | 2012 | 22512320 |
| bacteria and their toxins tamed for immunotherapy. | bacterial toxins share the ability to enter host cells to target various intracellular proteins and to modulate host immune responses. over the last 20 years, toxins and their mutated variants, as well as live attenuated bacteria, have been exploited for vaccination and immunotherapy of various infectious, malignant and autoimmune diseases. the ability of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin to translocate its adenylate cyclase domain across the host cell membrane, as well as the pathway ... | 2012 | 22339216 |
| evaluation of anti-bacterial effects of some novel thiazole and imidazole derivatives against some pathogenic bacteria. | bacterial resistance to antibiotics has motivated the researchers to evaluate the novel anti-bacterial compounds such as some thiazole and imidazole derivatives. thereby, in this work, we investigated the anti-bacterial effects of one new thiazole and two new imidazole derivatives on bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, proteus mirabilis and shigella dysenteriae. | 2015 | 26719785 |
| evaluation of antibacterial and anthelmintic activities with total phenolic contents of piper betel leaves. | the study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial and anthelmintic activities and to determine total phenolic contents of methanolic extract of piper betel leaves. | 2014 | 25386394 |
| an in vitro antibacterial and antifungal effects of cadmium(ii) complexes of hexamethyltetraazacyclotetradecadiene and isomers of its saturated analogue. | to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effects of cadmium(ii) complexes with hexamethyltetraazacyclotetradecadiene ligands. | 2014 | 25312179 |
| antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts of mentha longifolia l. and hydroalcoholic extract of zataria multiflora boiss. plants against important human pathogens. | to determine the potential antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts from mentha longifolia l. (m. longifolia) and hydroalcoholic extract of zataria multiflora boiss. (z. multiflora) against important human pathogens. | 2014 | 25312118 |
| antibacterial activity of actinomycetes isolated from different soil samples of sheopur (a city of central india). | the main objective of the present study was isolation, purification, and characterization of actinomycetes from soil samples, having antimicrobial activity against 12 selected pathogenic strains. soils samples were taken from different niche habitats of sheopur district, madhya pradesh, india. these samples were serially diluted and plated on actinomycete isolation agar media. potential colonies were screened, purified, and stored in glycerol stock. isolates were morphologically and biochemicall ... | 2013 | 23833752 |
| investigations of antimicrobial activity of some cameroonian medicinal plant extracts against bacteria and yeast with gastrointestinal relevance. | resistance against antibiotics of many bacteria is accumulating. therefore, searches for new substances with antimicrobial activity have become an urgent necessity. medicinal plants are frequently used in popular medicine as remedies for many infectious diseases (intestinal infection, malaria, tuberculosis, etc.). | 2012 | 22583961 |
| antimicrobial potency of the leaf - stalk extract of curcuma longa (linn). | the methanolic extract of the leaf-stalk of curcuma longa linn, was tested for its minimum inhibitor concentration (mic) against gram positive-staphylococcus aureus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtilis, klebsiella pnemoniae, bacillus cereus, streptococcus pneumoniae, lactobacillus arabinosus and gram negative e.coli, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, salmonella typhimurium, proteus mirabilis, and vibrio cholerae strains, further, the ones of inhibition produced by the crude ... | 2000 | 22557005 |
| facile microwave-assisted synthesis of te-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods and nanosheets and their characterizations for bone cement applications. | in this work, the authors have fabricated the nanorods and nanosheets of pure and te-doped hap with different te concentrations (0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.24wt%) by microwave-assisted technique at low temperature. the crystallite size, degree of crystallinity and lattice parameters are calculated. fe-sem study confirms that the fabricated nanostructures are nanorods of diameter about 10nm in undoped and at low concentration of te doping. however, at and higher concentration, it becomes nanosheets of a ... | 2017 | 28024611 |
| two novel antimicrobial peptides from skin venoms of spadefoot toad megophrys minor. | amphibian skin contains rich bioactive peptides. especially, a large amount of antimicrobial peptides have been identified from amphibian skin secretions. antimicrobial peptides display potent cytolytic activities against a range of pathogenic bacteria and fungi and play important defense roles. no antimicrobial peptides have been reported from toads belonging to the family of pelobatidae. in this work, two novel antimicrobial peptides (megin 1 and megin 2) were purified and characterized from t ... | 2016 | 27114317 |
| new cationic antimicrobial peptide screened from boiled-dried anchovies by immobilized bacterial membrane liposome chromatography. | an efficient immobilized bacterial membrane liposome chromatography method was used to screen potential antimicrobial peptides from boiled-dried anchovies. a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide (apep10) was successfully isolated by one-step chromatography. the sequence of apep10 was identified as glarclagtl by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (maldi-q-tof ms). the antimicrobial activity assessment indicated that apep10 inhibited the ... | 2014 | 24499191 |
| antibacterial activity of resin rich plant extracts. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of resin rich methanolic extracts (rrmes) of commiphora myrrha, operculina turpethum, and pinus roxburghii. | 2013 | 24302834 |
| [microbial antagonism in the therapy of infectious diseases]. | the history of antibiotics begins with the first observations of pasteur and joubert about microbial antagonism at the end of the xix century. three types of antagonism were studied: bacterial killing by other bacteria, virus against bacteria and blockade of cellular receptors by bacterial filtrates. in the first type, the piocianase from pseudomonas aeruginosa and the activity of bacillus subtilis over mycobacterium tuberculosis were the better examples; in the second, the french d'herelle was ... | 2013 | 24248116 |
| report: studies on antibacterial activity of some traditional medicinal plants used in folk medicine. | ethanolic extracts of eight medicinal plants commonly used in folk medicine were tested for their antibacterial activity against four gram positive strains (bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and, streptococcus pneumoniae) and six gram negative strains (escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis. salmonella typhi para a, salmonella typhi para b and shigella dysenteriae) that were obtained from different pathological laboratories located in karachi, pa ... | 2012 | 22713958 |
| an escherichia coli cell membrane chromatography-offline lc-tof-ms method for screening and identifying antimicrobial peptides from jatropha curcas meal protein isolate hydrolysates. | a novel, simple, and rapid method, named cell membrane affinity extraction (cmae)-offline liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (lc-tof-ms) was developed for screening and identifying antimicrobial peptides from jatropha curcas meal protein isolate hydrolysates (jcmpih) obtained by proteolytic enzyme (pepsin, trypsin, protamex, neutrase, flavourzyme, papain, alcalase, and acid protease) hydrolysis. a cationic antimicrobial peptide (cailthkr, jcpep8) was successfully isolated and ... | 2012 | 22522648 |
| [effects of lamivudine on growth of intestinal characteristic bacteria by microcalorimetry in vitro]. | the study is aimed to investigate the effect of lamivudine on growth and metabolism of three intestinal characteristic bacteria (namely, bifidobacterium adolescentis, escherichia coli and shigella dysenteriae). the growth condition of the three bacteria was quantitatively evaluated by microcalorimetry with four characteristic parameters of the thermal power-time curves, including the growth rate constant (k), thermal power (p), time to peak (t) and calorific value (q). the results showed that th ... | 2013 | 24417087 |
| a proteomics assay to detect eight cbrn-relevant toxins in food. | a proteomics assay was set up to analyze food substrates for eight toxins of the cbrn (chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear) threat, namely ricin, clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (etx), staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins (sea, seb and sed), shigatoxins from shigella dysenteriae and entero-hemorragic escherichia coli strains (stx1 and stx2) and campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). the assay developed was based on an antibody-free sample preparation followed by b ... | 2017 | 28008711 |
| in vitro and in vivo examination of anticolonization of pathogens by lactobacillus paracasei fj861111.1. | very limited information exists on the exclusion of pathogens by probiotics in the gut of the host challenged with pathogens. in this study, we tested probiotic characteristics in vitro and anticolonization ability of lactobacillus paracasei fj861111.1 in mice infected with selected pathogenic microorganisms. the in vitro results indicated that l. paracasei fj861111.1 had a high survival in acidic conditions at ph 2.5 and bile salt concentration at 0.3%, and strong inhibition ability against com ... | 2015 | 26254535 |
| the preliminary assessment of anti-microbial activity of hplc separated components of kirkia wilmsii. | most communities in developing countries rely on traditional medicines for the treatment of diseases. in south africa, the limpopo province, within the lebowakgomo district, uses tuberous roots of kirkia wilmsii, after infusion in water for the treatment of a wide range of diseases by sotho communities. | 2014 | 25371593 |
| hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with clostridium difficile infection. | we report 3 cases of clostridium difficile-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) with biopsy proven renal thrombotic microangiopathy. two patients with acute renal failure were kidney transplants recipients whereas the third patient developed renal failure in the native kidneys. the presentation was preceded by acute diarrhea and stool. clostridium difficile toxin was detected in all the 3 patients. stool studies were negative for escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae and other enteric pat ... | 2014 | 23320969 |
| a novel method for screening of potential probiotics for high adhesion capability. | to screen for potential probiotics with high adhesion capability, a chemostat model-based cultured human feces and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis methods were applied, and the adhesion capability of the isolates was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. lactobacillus plantarum (hm218749), lactobacillus reuteri (eu547310), and enterococcus faecalis (hm218543) were isolated from the slime on the chemostat wall, as these organisms could grow better at 37°c in an anaerobic environment and could r ... | 2015 | 25912863 |
| an environmental escherichia albertii strain, dm104, induces protective immunity to shigella dysenteriae in guinea pig eye model. | the environmental escherichia albertii strain dm104, which cross-reacts serologically with shigella dysenteriae was assessed for pathogenic properties, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in different animal models to evaluate it as a vaccine candidate against s. dysenteriae, which causes the severe disease, shigellosis. the dm104 isolate was found to be non-invasive and did not produce any entero- or cyto-toxins. the strain also showed negative results in the mouse lethal activity assay. th ... | 2014 | 24452425 |
| serological cross-reaction between o-antigens of shigella dysenteriae type 4 and an environmental escherichia albertii isolate. | an environmental freshwater bacterial isolate, dm104, appearing as shigella-like colonies on selective agar plates was found to show strong and specific serological cross-reactivity with shigella dysenteriae type 4. biochemical identification according to the analytical profile index, molecular serotyping by restriction of the amplified o-antigen gene cluster (rfb-rflp), together with phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene and multi-locus sequence analysis, identified the isolate as escheric ... | 2013 | 23748967 |
| a new phthalide from the endophytic fungus xylaria sp. gdg-102. | a new phthalide derivative, xylarphthalide a (1), along with two known compounds (-)-5-carboxylmellein (2) and (-)-5-methylmellein (3), were isolated from the endophytic fungus xylaria sp. gdg-102 cultured from the chinese medicinal plant sophora tonkinensis. their structures were identified by ms and nmr experiments, and the absolute configuration of 1 was further confirmed by single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. compound 1-3 showed antibacterial activities against bacillus megaterium, ba ... | 2017 | 28385040 |
| relationship between drug resistance and the clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeat-associated protein genes cas1 and cas2 in shigella from giant panda dung. | to detect drug resistance in shigella obtained from the dung of the giant panda, explore the factors leading to drug resistance in shigella, understand the characteristics of clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeats (crispr), and assess the relationship between crispr and drug resistance. | 2017 | 28207509 |
| immunization with r-lactococcus lactis expressing outer membrane protein a of shigella dysenteriae type-1: evaluation of oral and intranasal route of administration. | to evaluate the comparative immunogenic potential of food grade lactococcus lactis expressing outer membrane protein a (ompa) of shigella dysenteriae type-1 (sd-1) when administered either orally or intranasally. | 2017 | 27860045 |
| competitive survival of escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae, salmonella typhimurium and shigella dysenteriae in riverbed sediments. | studies on the survival of bacterial enteric pathogens in riverbed sediments have mostly focused on individual organisms. reports on the competitive survival of these pathogens in riverbed sediments under the same experimental setup are limited. we investigated the survival of escherichia coli, salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium, vibrio cholerae and shigella dysenteriae in riverbed sediments of the apies river. experiments were performed in flow chambers containing three sediment types and con ... | 2016 | 27193001 |
| development of recombinant lactococcus lactis displaying albumin-binding domain variants against shiga toxin 1 b subunit. | infections with shiga toxin-producing bacteria, like enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli and shigella dysenteriae, represent a serious medical problem. no specific and effective treatment is available for patients with these infections, creating a need for the development of new therapies. recombinant lactic acid bacterium lactococcus lactis was engineered to bind shiga toxin by displaying novel designed albumin binding domains (abd) against shiga toxin 1 b subunit (stx1b) on their surface. funct ... | 2016 | 27606705 |
| characterization of beauty salon wastewater from kwame nkrumah university of science and technology, kumasi, ghana, and its surrounding communities. | due to the increase in students' population over the years, the kwame nkrumah university of science and technology (knust), kumasi, ghana, and its surrounding communities have seen an increase in the number of beauty salons. the assessment of the quality of salon wastewater has received little attention, as a potential source of environmental and public health hazard, due to the lack of literature on this issue. the main aim of this study is to assess wastewater effluent characteristics in knust ... | 2016 | 27594788 |
| shigella diversity and changing landscape: insights for the twenty-first century. | shigella is a pathovar of escherichia coli comprising four groups, shigella flexneri, shigella sonnei, shigella dysenteriae, and shigella boydii, each of them, with the exception of s.sonnei, comprising several serotypes. shigella accounts for the majority of dysentery causing infections occurring world-wide each year. recent advancements in the shigella field have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host epithelial cell invasion and immune cell function manipula ... | 2016 | 27148494 |
| shiga toxins as multi-functional proteins: induction of host cellular stress responses, role in pathogenesis and therapeutic applications. | shiga toxins (stxs) produced by shiga toxin-producing bacteria shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and select serotypes of escherichia coli are primary virulence factors in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis progressing to potentially fatal systemic complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and central nervous system abnormalities. current therapeutic options to treat patients infected with toxin-producing bacteria are limited. the structures of stxs, toxin-receptor binding, intracellula ... | 2016 | 26999205 |
| shiga toxin 1-producing shigella sonnei infections, california, united states, 2014-2015. | shiga toxins (stx) are primarily associated with shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli and shigella dysenteriae serotype 1. stx production by other shigellae is uncommon, but in 2014, stx1-producing s. sonnei infections were detected in california. surveillance was enhanced to test s. sonnei isolates for the presence and expression of stx genes, perform dna subtyping, describe clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of case-patients, and investigate for sources of infection. during june 2014 ... | 2016 | 26982255 |
| evaluation of antibacterial activity of plant mediated cao nanoparticles using cissus quadrangularis extract. | an assessment of antibacterial activity of greenly synthesized nanoparticles using aqueous stem extract of cissus quadrangularis was carried out. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy, sem, xrd, ftir and further subjected for antibacterial activity against the pathogens staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, shigella dysenteriae and vibrio cholerae. the sem photograph represents cubic and hexagon ... | 2016 | 26723000 |
| comparative analysis of the shiga toxin converting bacteriophage first detected in shigella sonnei. | here we report the first complete nucleotide sequence of a shiga toxin (stx) converting phage from a shigella sonnei clinical isolate that harbors stx1 operon, first identified in the chromosome of shigella dysenteriae type 1. the phage named shigella phage 75/02 stx displayed podoviridae morphology. it proved to be transferable to escherichia coli k-12 strains, and cytotoxicity of the lysogenized strains was demonstrated in vero cell cultures. genomic analysis revealed that the prophage genome ... | 2016 | 26616675 |
| synthesis, density functional theory (dft), urease inhibition and antimicrobial activities of 5-aryl thiophenes bearing sulphonylacetamide moieties. | a variety of novel 5-aryl thiophenes 4a-g containing sulphonylacetamide (sulfacetamide) groups were synthesized in appreciable yields via pd[0] suzuki cross coupling reactions. the structures of these newly synthesized compounds were determined using spectral data and elemental analysis. density functional theory (dft) studies were performed using the b3lyp/6-31g (d, p) basis set to gain insight into their structural properties. frontier molecular orbital (fmos) analysis of all compounds 4a-g wa ... | 2015 | 26556326 |
| stx-producing shigella species from patients in haiti: an emerging pathogen with the potential for global spread. | shiga toxins (stx) are commonly produced by shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and stx-producing escherichia coli. however, the toxin genes have been detected in additional shigella species. we recently reported the emergence of stx-producing shigella in travelers in the united states and france who had recently visited hispaniola (haiti and the dominican republic). in this study, we confirm this epidemiological link by identifying stx-producing shigella from haitian patients attending clinics near ... | 2015 | 26484357 |
| purification and characterization of a shigella conjugate vaccine, produced by glycoengineering escherichia coli. | shigellosis remains a major cause of diarrheal disease in developing countries and causes substantial morbidity and mortality in children. glycoconjugate vaccines consisting of bacterial surface polysaccharides conjugated to carrier proteins are the most effective vaccines for controlling invasive bacterial infections. nevertheless, the development of a multivalent conjugate vaccine to prevent shigellosis has been hampered by the complex manufacturing process as the surface polysaccharide for ea ... | 2016 | 26353918 |
| expression, purification and immunological characterization of recombinant shiga toxin a subunit. | shiga toxin family comprises toxins belonging to two major groups, stx1 and stx2, produced by the bacteria shigella dysenteriae and some strains of escherichia coli. shiga toxins are the leading cause of diarrhea associated with life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus). stxa is a ribosome inactivating protein (rip) which inhibits the protein synthesis in most species of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. an in vitro expression system has not been reported to produce full-length biological activ ... | 2015 | 26282729 |
| inhibition of pathogenic bacterial growth on excision wound by green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles leads to accelerated wound healing activity in wistar albino rats. | an impaired wound healing is one of the major health related problem in diabetic and non-diabetic patients around the globe. the pathogenic bacteria play a predominant role in delayed wound healing, owing to interaction in the wound area. in our previous work we developed green chemistry mediated copper oxide nanoparticles using ficus religiosa leaf extract. in the present study we make an attempt to evaluate the anti-bacterial, and wound healing activity of green synthesized copper oxide nanopa ... | 2015 | 26194977 |
| expression, purification and immunological characterization of recombinant shiga toxin a subunit. | shiga toxin family comprises toxins belonging to two major groups, stx1 and stx2, produced by the bacteria shigella dysenteriae and some strains of escherichia coli. shiga toxins are the leading cause of diarrhea associated with life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus). stxa is a ribosome inactivating protein (rip) which inhibits the protein synthesis in most species of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. an in vitro expression system has not been reported to produce full- length biological acti ... | 2015 | 26149398 |
| synthesis, chiral separation, absolute configuration assignment, and biological activity of enantiomers of retro-1 as potent inhibitors of shiga toxin. | the shiga toxin (stx) family is composed of related protein toxins produced by the bacteria shigella dysenteriae and certain pathogenic strains of e. coli. no effective therapies for stx intoxication have been developed yet. however, inhibitors that act on the intracellular trafficking of these toxins may provide new options for the development of therapeutic strategies. this study reports the synthesis, chromatographic separation, and pharmacological evaluation of the two enantiomers of retro-1 ... | 2015 | 26033849 |
| prevalence of shiga toxin-producing shigella species isolated from french travellers returning from the caribbean: an emerging pathogen with international implications. | shiga toxins (stxs) are potent cytotoxins that inhibit host cell protein synthesis, leading to cell death. classically, these toxins are associated with intestinal infections due to stx-producing escherichia coli or shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, and infections with these strains can lead to haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. over the past decade, there has been increasing recognition that stx is produced by additional shigella species. we recently reported the presence and expression of stx genes i ... | 2015 | 25980352 |
| detection of e. coli o157:h7 and shigella dysenteriae toxins in clinical samples by pcr-elisa. | shiga toxin producing bacteria are potential causes of serious human disease such as hemorrhagic colitis, severe inflammations of ileocolonic regions of gastrointestinal tract, thrombocytopenia, septicemia, malignant disorders in urinary ducts, hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus). shiga toxin 1 (stx1), shiga toxin 2 (stx2), or a combination of both are responsible for most clinical symptoms of these diseases. a lot of methods have been developed so far to detect shiga toxins such as cell culture, el ... | 2015 | 25911087 |
| antibacterial and antispasmodic activities of a dichloromethane fraction of an ethanol extract of stem bark of piliostigma reticulatum. | this study presents the antispasmodic and antibacterial properties of an ethanol extract and fractions the of stem bark of piliostigma reticulatum. | 2017 | 25883517 |
| virulence variations in shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli using the caenorhabditis elegans model. | shigella species and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) belong to the same species genetically, with remarkable phenotypic and genomic similarities. shigella is the main cause of bacillary dysentery with around 160 million annual cases, while eiec generally induces a milder disease compared to shigella. this study aimed to determine virulence variations between shigella and eiec using the nematode caenorhabditis elegans as a model host. caenorhabditis elegans killing- and bacterial colonizat ... | 2015 | 25673655 |
| antibacterial efficacy of five medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant enteropathogenic bacteria infecting under-5 hospitalized children. | to evaluate in vitro antibacterial effectiveness of five medicinal plants used by an indian aborigine, against 8 multidrug-resistant (mdr) enteropathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical samples of under-5 hospitalized children. | 2015 | 25609371 |
| shiga toxin (stx) classification, structure, and function. | shiga toxin (stx) is one of the most potent bacterial toxins known. stx is found in shigella dysenteriae 1 and in some serogroups of escherichia coli (called stx1 in e. coli). in addition to or instead of stx1, some e. coli strains produce a second type of stx, stx2, that has the same mode of action as stx/stx1 but is antigenically distinct. because subtypes of each toxin have been identified, the prototype toxin for each group is now designated stx1a or stx2a. the stxs consist of two major subu ... | 2014 | 25530917 |
| shiga toxin-induced apoptosis is more efficiently inhibited by dimeric recombinant hybrid-igg/iga immunoglobulins than by the parental igg monoclonal antibodies. | shiga toxin 1 (stx1) is a virulence factor of enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli strains such as o157:h7 and shigella dysenteriae. to prevent entry of stx1 from the mucosal surface, an immunoglobulin a (iga) specific for stx1 would be useful. due to the difficulty of producing iga monoclonal antibodies (mab) against the binding subunit of stx1 (stx1b) in mice, we took advantage of recombinant technology that combines the heavy chain variable region from stx1b-specific igg1 mab and the fc region ... | 2014 | 25469594 |
| clinical isolates of shiga toxin 1a-producing shigella flexneri with an epidemiological link to recent travel to hispañiola. | shiga toxins (stx) are cytotoxins involved in severe human intestinal disease. these toxins are commonly found in shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli; however, the toxin genes have been found in other shigella species. we identified 26 shigella flexneri serotype 2 strains isolated by public health laboratories in the united states during 2001-2013, which encode the shiga toxin 1a gene (stx1a). these strains produced and released stx1a as measured by cytotox ... | 2014 | 25271406 |
| proteomes of pathogenic escherichia coli/shigella group surveyed in their host environments. | proteomic studies on shigella dysenteriae, shigella flexneri, enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli and uropathogenic e. coli (upec) are reviewed. upec causes infections in the urogenital tract, whereas the other species colonize and, to varying degrees, invade the intestinal tract. type iii secretion systems used to breach the mucosal barrier by the intestinal pathogens revealed distinct expression patterns in different host environments. dynamic adaptations to changes in nutrient availability and ... | 2014 | 25163594 |
| shiga toxin (stx) classification, structure, and function. | shiga toxin (stx) is one of the most potent bacterial toxins known. stx is found in shigella dysenteriae 1 and in some serogroups of escherichia coli (called stx1 in e. coli). in addition to or instead of stx1, some e. coli strains produce a second type of stx, stx2, that has the same mode of action as stx/stx1 but is antigenically distinct. because subtypes of each toxin have been identified, the prototype toxin for each group is now designated stx1a or stx2a. the stxs consist of two major subu ... | 2014 | 26904753 |
| effect of shiga toxin and its subunits on cytokine induction in different cell lines. | shiga toxins (stxs) are bacterial virulence factors produced by shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and escherichia coli strains. stxs are critical factors for the development of diseases such as severe bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome. additionally, stxs trigger the secretion of pro- inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, particularly in monocytes or macrophages. the inflammatory cytokines result in the modulation of the immune system, local inflammations and enhancement of cytotoxicit ... | 2014 | 25035861 |