| [morbidity with temporary disability among beet sugar factory workers]. | | 1983 | 6648636 |
| historical review of legislative and national initiatives for sickle cell disease. | the genes responsible for the transmission of sickle cell syndromes from one generation to the next were introduced into the new world during the 17th century. however, this disease was not recorded in the medical literature in the united states until 1910 by herrick of chicago. during the next 40 years, many additional cases were reported and a fairly large bibliography developed which dealt essentially with descriptive, clinical and pathological aspects of the disease. new interest in the synd ... | 1983 | 6367520 |
| localization of filipin-sterol complexes in the membranes of beta vulgaris roots and spinacia oleracea chloroplasts. | filipin was used as a cytochemical probe for membrane sterols in the root storage tissue of the red beet beta vulgaris l. and the chloroplasts of spinacia oleracea l. in unfixed beet tissue, filipin lysed the cells. freeze-fracture replicas revealed that the filipin-sterol complexes were tightly aggregated in the plasma membrane, while in thin section the complexes corrugated the plasma membrane. if the cells were fixed with glutaraldehyde prior to the filipin treatment, the cell structure was p ... | 1982 | 16662716 |
| limiting factors in photosynthesis: iii. effects of iron nutrition on the activities of three regulatory enzymes of photosynthetic carbon metabolism. | when fe was withheld from sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv f58-44h1), the activities of nadp-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, and ribulose 5-phosphate kinase were not diminished, while chlorophyll per area was decreased by 75%. on resupplying fe, chlorophyll per area increased to control levels within 5 days, whereas the activities of the three enzymes remained approximately constant. these results support the view advanced earlier (terry 1980 plant physiol ... | 1982 | 16662713 |
| sucrose and glucose uptake into beta vulgaris leaf tissues : a case for general (apoplastic) retrieval systems. | concentration curves for sugar and amino acid uptake by beta vulgaris l. leaf tissues contained both a saturable and a linear component. similarly shaped curves were obtained for influx of sucrose, glucose, and 3-o-methyl glucose by leaf discs, whole petiole slices, petiole segments containing pith tissue only, and petiole segments containing vascular bundles, although the tissues took up the various sugars via different proportions of saturable versus linear uptake. two millimolar p-chloromercu ... | 1982 | 16662694 |
| biosynthesis, translocation, and accumulation of betaine in sugar beet and its progenitors in relation to salinity. | like other halophytic chenopods, sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) can accumulate high betaine levels in shoots and roots. n,n,n-trimethylglycine impedes sucrose crystallization and so lowers beet quality. the objective of this research was to examine the genetic variability and physiological significance of betaine accumulation in sugar beet and its relatives. three cultivated genotypes of b. vulgaris and two genotypes of the wild progenitor b. maritima l. were grown with and without gradual salini ... | 1982 | 16662637 |
| salt tolerance in crop plants monitored by chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo. | the potential of measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo to detect cellular responses to salinity and degrees of salt stress in leaves was investigated for three crop plants. sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) (salt tolerant), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) (moderately salt tolerant), and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. cv canadian wonder) (salt intolerant) were grown in pots and watered with mineral nutrient solution containing 100 millimolar nacl. the fast rise in variable chlorophyll fluore ... | 1982 | 16662611 |
| diurnal pattern of translocation and carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves of beta vulgaris l. | transitions in carbohydrate metabolism and translocation rate were studied for evidence of control of export by the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. klein e.) source leaf. steady-state labeling was carried out for two consecutive 14-hour light periods and various quantities related to translocation were measured throughout two 24-hour periods. starch accumulation following illumination was delayed. near the end of the light period, starch stopped accumulating, whereas photosynthesis rate and sucrose ... | 1982 | 16662555 |
| nucleoside diphosphate levels in taproots and fibrous roots of beta vulgaris l. : implifications for control of sucrose allocation between two sinks. | sucrose synthase (ec 2.4.1.13) of sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) fibrous roots has a distinctly different order of preference for nucleoside diphosphate substrates than that of the taproot enzyme (silvius, snyder 1979 plant physiol 64: 1070-1073). separation and quantitation of udp, adp, and gdp in root extracts by high-pressure liquid chromatography revealed that udp levels in taproot tissue were 5 to 10 times greater than those of fibrous root tissues. the lower fibrous root udp levels were asso ... | 1982 | 16662470 |
| potassium nutrition and translocation in sugar beet. | the effect of increased net foliar k(+) accumulation on translocation of carbon was studied in sugar beet (beta vulgaris, l. var. klein e and us h20) plants. net accumulation of recently absorbed k(+) was studied by observing arrival of (42)k(+) per unit area of leaf. labeled k(+) was added to give an initial concentration at 2 or 10 millimolar k(+) in mineral nutrient solution. because the newly arrived k(+) constitutes a small part of the total leaf k(+) in plants raised in 10 millimolar k(+), ... | 1982 | 16662439 |
| [physiologico-hygienic basis for a set of health promotion measures for machine operators in sugar beet factory]. | | 1982 | 6214451 |
| distribution of nitrapyrin [12-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine] and 2-chloro-6-(dichloromethyl)-pyridine in red beet treated with nitrapyrin. | | 1982 | 7087403 |
| [properties of the soil dust released during sugar beet cultivation]. | | 1982 | 6284593 |
| a reanalysis of the two-component phloem loading system in beta vulgaris. | kinetic analysis of [(14)c]sucrose loading into sugar beet leaf discs revealed the presence of two transport components. at low exogenous sucrose concentrations, a saturable component, which exhibited michaelis-menten characteristics, was the main mode of transport. at concentrations greater than 50 millimolar, phloem loading was dominated by a linear component which appeared to operate as a first order kinetic transport process. over the exogenous sucrose concentrations employed, influx could b ... | 1982 | 16662285 |
| fluid flow pattern in upflow reactors for anaerobic treatment of beet sugar factory wastewater. | residence-time-distribution experiments for the fluid in a 30-m(3) pilot plant and a 200-m(3) prototype upflow reactor were performed by means of continuous injection of an licl solution as a tracer in the influent of the reactor and measurement of the response of this stimulus on several location in the reactor and in the effluent. in a similar way as described in an article published earlier, models have been developed by use of the measured data of the fluid flow pattern which consisted of re ... | 1982 | 18546313 |
| [protein enrichment of sugar beet bagasse for fermentation]. | leached beet pulp is a plentiful waste in the sugar beet industry in chile, reaching 100.000 metric tons per year on a dry basis. it represents an interesting substrate for protein upgrading through fermentation by cellulolytic organisms, because of the high content of cellulose and hemicellulose, with small amounts of protein and lignin (table 1). the fermentation of leached beet pulp by the cellulolytic fungus trichoderma reesei qm 9414 was studied under carbon limitation, with the celluloses ... | 1982 | 6965247 |
| glutamate and serine as competing donors for amination of glyoxylate in leaf peroxisomes. | when provided with glycollate, peroxisomal extracts of leaves of spinach beet (beta vulgaris l. cv.) converted l-serine and l-glutamate to hydroxypyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate respectively. when approximately saturating concentrations of each of these amino acids were incubated separately with glycollate, the utilization of serine was greater than that of glutamate. the utilization of glutamate was substantially reduced by the presence of relatively low concentrations of serine in the reaction mix ... | 1981 | 24276826 |
| metabolism and decarboxylation of glycollate and serine in leaf peroxisomes. | the linked utilization of glycollate and l-serine has been studied in peroxisomal preparations from leaves of spinach beet (beta vulgaris l.). the generation of glycine from glycollate was found to be balanced by the production of hydroxypyruvate from serine and similarly by 2-oxoglutarate when l-glutamate was substituted for l-serine. in the presence of l-malate and catalytic quantities of nad(+), about 40% of the hydroxypyruvate was converted further to glycerate, whereas with substrate quanti ... | 1981 | 24276825 |
| effects of two growth retardants on tissue permeability in pisum sativum and beta vulgaris. | the effects of growth retardants, 4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyltrimethylammonium chloride-1-piperidine carboxylate (amo-1618 or amo) and 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (ccc), applied with and without gibberellic acid (ga3), on β-[(3)h]alanine uptake and leakage from pea (pisum sativum l.) and betacyanin efflux from beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) tissue were examined. both compounds decreased the amount of β-[(3)h]alanine taken up into pea leaf discs, and increased the quantity of ra ... | 1981 | 24301150 |
| mg(2+)-dependent, cation-stimulated inorganic pyrophosphatase associated with vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l.). | vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) posess a mg(2+)-dependent, alkaline pyrophosphatase (ppase) activity which is further stimulated by salts of monovalent cations. the requirement for mg(2+) is specific. mn(2+) and zn(2+) permitted only 20% and 12%, respectively, of the ppase activity obtained in the presence of mg(2+) while ca(2+), co(2+) and cu(2+) were ineffective. stimulation of mg(2+)-ppase activity by salts of certain monovalent cations was due to the catio ... | 1981 | 24276765 |
| characterisation of a salt-stimulated atpase activity associated with vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l.). | ion stimulation and some other properties of an atpase activity associated with vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) have been determined. the atpase had a specific requirement for mg(2+) and in the presence of mg(2+) it was stimulated by salts of monovalent cations. the degree of stimulation by monovalent salts was influenced mainly by the anion and the order of effectiveness of the anions tested was cl(-)>hco 3 (-) >br(-)>malate>acetate>so 4 (2-) . for any given ... | 1981 | 24276764 |
| assessment of glycinebetaine and proline compartmentation by analysis of isolated beet vacuoles. | vacuoles isolated from storage root tissue of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) do not leak significant quantities of betanin, sucrose, na(+) or k(+) during isolation. this indicates that analysis of vacuoles in vitro gives meanigful information about the compartmentation of solutes in vivo. preparations of vacouoles were used to determine the distribution of glycinebetaine and proline between vacuole and cytoplasm in beet cells. both compounds were detected in preparations of isolated beet vacuoles. ... | 1981 | 24276704 |
| [effect of working conditions on the morbidity among workers of the sugar beet seed plants]. | | 1981 | 7303563 |
| uptake and distribution of n-phosphonomethylglycine in sugar beet plants. | glyphosate (n-phosphonomethylglycine) was readily transported in sugar beet plants (beta vulgaris l., klein e type, monogerm). concentrations in sink leaves reached 2.5 to 13.7 micromolar in 10 hours from a 15 millimolar solution supplied to one mature leaf. distribution of glyphosate followed that of [(3)h]sucrose used as a marker for materials transported by phloem, indicating that this is the primary means for distribution of glyphosate. possible mechanisms of entry into the sieve tubes were ... | 1981 | 16661977 |
| blood glucose and insulin levels in normal subjects following a meal with and without added sugar beet pulp. | the fibrous components of sugar beet pulp were investigated to determine whether they would reduce the post-prandial rise in blood glucose and plasma insulin levels when incorporated into a mixed meal. on two separate occasions six healthy volunteers were given either a control meal (providing 86 g carbohydrate) or an identical meal with the addition of 20 g sugar beet pulp (test meal). blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured post-prandially for 3 hours. there was no significant di ... | 1981 | 6274715 |
| relative efficiency of sticky and cylindrical electrical grid traps in capturingspodoptera exigua. | the relative efficiency of sticky traps and cylindrical electrical grid traps for capturing male beet armyworm moths,spodoptera exigua (hubner), was studied using night vision equipment. the sticky and grid traps captured 34 and 40%, respectively, of the insects which oriented to them. the grid trap's capacity was limited only by the size of the receptacle (3.8-liter bucket) at the base of the funnel. the maximum capacity of the sticky trap was ca. 110 insects, and the efficiency of this trap de ... | 1981 | 24420687 |
| determination of the membrane potential of vacuoles isolated from red-beet storage tissue : evidence for an electrogenic atpase. | the membrane potential of isolated vacuoles of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) was estimated using several methods. the quenching of the fluorescence of the cyanine dyes 3,3'-diethylthiodicarbocyanine iodide (dis-c2-(5)) and 3,3'-dipropylthiodicarbocyanine iodide (dis-c3-(5)) in vacuoles indicated a transmembrane potential difference, negative inside at low external potassium concentrations. the δψ was found to be-55 mv with two other methods, the distribution of (204)t1(+) in the presence of valino ... | 1981 | 24302383 |
| substrate specificity of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from plant scopolia japonica calluses and a suggestion with reference to the structure of beet araban. | substrate specificity of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from plant scopolia japonica was examined using three kinds of arabinodisaccharides prepared from natural sources of synthetically. this enzyme hydrolyzed arabinofuranosyl-arabinoses which had either an alpha-(1 leads to 3) or a alpha-(1 leads to 5) linkage, but hydrolyzed arabinopyranosyl-arabinose having a alpha-(1 leads to 5) linkage to a lesser degree. alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (alpha-l-arabinofuranoside arabinofuranohydrolase, ec 3.2.1. ... | 1981 | 7248307 |
| [analytical and galenical study of the coloring matter from the red beet purified by fermentation (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 7325543 |
| [medical aspects of using pesticides and mineral fertilizers in sugar beet cultivation]. | | 1981 | 6259017 |
| atpase and acid phosphatase activities associated with vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l.). | phosphatase activities were measured in preparations of vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l.). the vacuoles possessed both acid phosphatase and atpase activities which could be distinguished by their susceptibility to inhibition by low concentrations of ammonium molybdate [(nh4)6mo7o24·4h2o]. the acid phosphatase was completely inhibited by 100 μm ammonium molybdate but the atpase was unaffected. the acid phosphatase was a soluble enzyme which hydrolysed a large num ... | 1980 | 24306686 |
| effect of rapid changes in sink-source ratio on export and distribution of products of photosynthesis in leaves of beta vulgaris l. and phaseolus vulgaris l. | effects of increasing sink-source ratio on rate of translocation and net carbon exchange were studied by darkening all but one source leaf of beta vulgaris l. or one primary leaf of phaseolus vulgaris l. rates of export of labeled material and patterns of its distribution among sinks were studied by means of gm detectors. changes in export and import rates were compared with adjustments in starch, sucrose, and glucose levels in sugar beet source leaves before and during treatment.sugar beet sour ... | 1980 | 16661558 |
| alkali cation/sucrose co-transport in the root sink of sugar beet. | the mechanism of sucrose transport into the vacuole of root parenchyma cells of sugar beet was investigated using discs of intact tissue. active sucrose uptake was evident only at the tonoplast. sucrose caused a transient 8.3 millivolts depolarization of the membrane potential, suggesting an ion co-transport mechanism. sucrose also stimulated net proton efflux. active (net) uptake of sucrose was strongly affected by factors that influence the alkali cation and proton gradients across biological ... | 1980 | 16661546 |
| effects of ph and ethephon on betacyanin leakage from beet root discs. | betacyanin leakage from beet root discs was found to increase with decreasing ph of the incubation medium. although 10 millimolar ca(2+) reduced pigment leakage at ph 3.5, it was ineffective at ph 2.3. leakage was also stimulated by 100 micrograms per milliliter (2-chloroethyl)-phosphonic acid (ph 3.1), but when the solution was neutralized, this leakage was eliminated. bubbling c(2)h(4) through a neutral medium containing beet discs had no effect on pigment leakage; it appears that the effect o ... | 1980 | 16661525 |
| [role of pesticides in creating unfavorable working conditions in sugar beet weeding]. | | 1980 | 6160082 |
| composition of suberin-associated waxes from the subterranean storage organs of seven plants : parsnip, carrot, rutabaga, turnip, red beet, sweet potato and potato. | the waxes associated with the suberin in the periderm of the underground storage organs of parsnip (pastinaca sativa l.), carrot (daucus carota l.), rutabaga (brassica napobrassica mill.), turnip (brassica rapa l.), red beet (beta vulgaris l.), sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) and potato (solanum tuberosum l.) were isolated, fractionated into hydrocarbon, wax ester, free fatty alcohol and free fatty acid fractions, and analyzed by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. the amount of ... | 1980 | 24310190 |
| absorption, excretion and tissue distribution of stable zinc and 65zinc in ponies. | absorption excretion and tissue distribution of stable zn and 65zn in mature ponies were studied in three experiments. in the first experiment, the metabolism of stable, dietary zn and intravenously administered 65zn was studied in three ponies in a 3 x 3 latin square design. the ponies were fed a corn and beet pulp diet containing 35 mg zn/kg or the same diet with 250 or 520 mg of supplemental zn as zno. the ponies absorbed and retained more stable zn when fed 250 mg of supplemental zn that whe ... | 1980 | 7462116 |
| analytical characterization of beetroot vacuole membrane. | vacuoles from beetroot (beta vulgaris l. var. esculenta gürke) isolated by a mechanical procedure were osmotically lysed to separate the membrane and sap components for analysis. approximately 62% of the vacuole proteins, 70% of the nondialyzable carbohydrates and almost all of the phospholipids and sterols were recovered in the membrane fraction. the vacuole membrane had a phospholipid protein ratio of 0.68 and a sterol:phospholipid ratio of 0.21. 17 complex polar lipids including phosphatides ... | 1980 | 7419602 |
| purification and some properties of cell wall-bound invertases from sugar beet seedlings and aged slices of mature roots. | cell wall-bound invertases (ec 3.2.1.26) from both sugar beet seedlings and aged slices of mature roots were purified to homogeneity separately with cm-cellulose chromatography and bio-gel p-150 gel filtrations. the enzymes behaved similarly throughout the purification procedures. the purified enzymes are identical as characterized by specific activity, gel electrophoretic mobility, k(m) for sucrose and raffinose (1.33 and 4.0 millimolar, respectively), mobility on bio-gel p-150 (molecular weigh ... | 1980 | 16661402 |
| isolation of protoplasts and vacuoles from storage tissue of red beet. | a fast and efficient method is described for the isolation of protoplasts and vacuoles from storage tissue of beta vulgaris l. the viability of the isolated protoplasts is indicated by the development within a few hours of plasma strands with active cyclosis as well as by transport activity.the effect of aging of the tissue on the yield and on the properties of the protoplasts is examined. adding 1 millimolar dithiothreitol to the water during the aging of the tissue prevents a change of the cel ... | 1980 | 16661387 |
| effect of anoxia on atp levels and ion transport rates in red beet. | the atp content of disks of storage tissue of red beet is reduced under n(2) atmosphere to between 10 and 25% of its value in air. plasmalemma fluxes of k(+) and cl(-) are inhibited within 1 minute or less following removal of o(2), and the extent of this inhibition is entirely attributable to the depletion of atp. the atp content remains approximately constant or decreases slightly for up to 1 hour under n(2). on return to air, the atp content recovers, reaching 75% of the aerobic level within ... | 1980 | 16661317 |
| atp levels and their effects on plasmalemma influxes of potassium chloride in red beet. | tissue atp concentrations in slices of red beet increase progressively with time for up to 7 days after cutting the root. atp levels are higher in slices taken from stored roots than in slices from fresh roots. atp is reduced during incubation in salt solutions.plasmalemma influxes were measured by 6 minutes incubation with (42)k and/or (36)c1 under conditions in which cation and anion influxes are independent. both fluxes showed an approximately linear correlation with atp level when the latter ... | 1980 | 16661316 |
| [energy requirements of sugar beet growers]. | energy requirements were determined on the average for female sugar-beet raisers during the main labour processes as follows (kcal/min): 3.64 during weeding 2.03 during manual separation of sugar-beet roots from beet tops, and 4.05 in the course of sugar-beet pulling from the soil. daily energy requirement amounted on the average to 3577 kcal during care on sugar-beet crops and to 3272 kcal during harvesting. | 2006 | 7405129 |
| [correlation of the nitrate and ascorbic acid content in vegetables and fruits]. | comparison of the evidence on the content of nitrates and ascorbic acid in vegetables and fruits shows that the content of ascorbic acid in fruits exceeds that of nitrates whereas in a number of vegetables the nitrate content is greater than that of ascorbic acid. with increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizers introduced, the content of nitrates in vegetables grows more intensively as compared to ascorbic acid. the range of these variations is relative to the type and grade of vegetables. d ... | 2013 | 6250287 |
| two forms of α-glucosidase from sugar-beet seeds. | two forms of α-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.20), designated as i and ii, have been isolated from sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) seeds by a procedure including fractionation with ammonium sulfate and ethanol, carboxymethyl-cellulose column chromatography, and preparative disc gel electrophoresis. the two enzymes were homogeneous by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. their molecular weights were 98,000 (i) and 60,000 (ii). α-glucosidase i readily hydrolyzed maltose, isomaltose, kojibiose, maltotriose ... | 1980 | 24310138 |
| limiting factors in photosynthesis: ii. iron stress diminishes photochemical capacity by reducing the number of photosynthetic units. | it has been proposed that fe stress may be used in the study of limiting factors in photosynthesis as an experimental means of varying photochemical capacity in vivo (plant physiol 1980 65: 114-120). in this paper the effect of fe stress on photosynthetic unit number, size, and composition was investigated by measuring p(700), cytochrome (cyt) f, chlorophyll (chl) a, and chl b in sugar beet leaves. the results show that when fe stress reduced chl per unit area by 80% (from 60 to 12 micrograms pe ... | 1980 | 16661124 |
| limiting factors in photosynthesis: i. use of iron stress to control photochemical capacity in vivo. | the possibility of using fe stress as an experimental tool in the study of limiting factors was explored. results show that fe stress decreased the chlorophyll (chl) a, chl b, carotene, and xanthophyll content of leaves of sugar beets (beta vulgaris l.) and that the maximum rate of photosynthetic co(2) uptake (p(max)) per unit area was linearly related to chl (a + b) per unit area. measurements of noncyclic atp formation by isolated chloroplasts at light saturation indicate that photosynthetic e ... | 1980 | 16661123 |
| [nitrite and nitrate content of foods sampled during national food quality monitoring]. | the aim of the french national inquiry of food quality is to ascertain the presence in food of many contaminants, in particular nitrates and nitrites. because of variability of contamination in samples, a great number of determinations were carried out for each food kind (2296 determinations in 62 foods kinds). nitrate amounts are in fact very high in beet roots, white beets, celery salads, radishes and green salads. | 1980 | 7258921 |
| [purification of the coloring matter from the red beet by fermentation (author's transl)]. | | 1980 | 7191686 |
| [studies of the nitrogen and carbon content of culture media and of mushrooms, as well as the free amino acid composition of myecelia and fruiting bodies of lentinus edodes]. | the level contents of nitrogen and carbon in the analysed nature substances may be considered the reason for the good growth of lentinus edodes on this culture medium (sugar-beet molasses and sawdust). the separate parts of fruit-bodies are showing differences in contents of nitrogen, carbon and free amino-acids; the gills have the highest, the stalk the lowest concentration, that of the hats is taking a middle position. young and old mycelia as well as the separate parts of fruit bodies are dif ... | 1980 | 7191608 |
| characteristics of the sucrose uptake system of vacuoles isolated from red beet tissue. kinetics and specifity of the sucrose uptake system. | the uptake of sucrose against a concentration gradient into the dextran-impermeable [(3)h]h2o space of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) vacuoles has been studied using silicone-layer-filtering centrifugation on both fluorometric and (14)c-measurement of sucrose. sucrose transport into vacuoles proceeds partly by an active transport system and partly by passive permeation. the k m(20°c) for active sucrose uptake was found to be about 22 mm and the v max(20°c) was about 174 nmol sucrose x (unit betacya ... | 1979 | 24310973 |
| comparative enzymic studies of sucrose metabolism in the taproots and fibrous roots of beta vulgaris l. | comparative enzymic studies of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) taproots and fibrous roots revealed differences in invertase (ec 3.2.1.26) and sucrose synthetase (ec 2.4.1.13) activity. invertase activity of the two root forms differs with respect to specific activity, ph optimum, and enzyme solubility. acid invertase (ph 4.5) in the taproot was restricted to the peripheral meristematic tissue which produces cells for both taproot and fibrous root growth. this finding supports the hypothesis that t ... | 1979 | 16661094 |
| erratum. | a news and comment briefing, "carcinogens in scotch" (24 aug., p. 769), incorrectly reported that carrot and beet juice contain relatively high levels of nitrosamines. so far as is known, they do not. they do contain nitrates and nitrites, the precursors of nitrosamines. | 1979 | 17796916 |
| sucrose uptake by sugar beet tap root tissue. | sucrose uptake by discs of mature sugar beet root tissue incubated in [(14)c]-sucrose exhibited nonsaturating kinetics over the concentration range of 1 to 500 millimolar. uptake was inhibited by dinitrophenol, sodium cyanide, low o(2), and penetrating sulfhydryl inhibitors. atpase inhibitors, sodium fluoride, and oligomycin reduced uptake by 20 and 40%, respectively. uptake as asymmetrically labeled sucrose ([(14)c]glucose) occurred with approximately 80% retention of asymmetry, indicating a no ... | 1979 | 16661065 |
| effect of exogenously supplied foliar potassium on phloem loading in beta vulgaris l. | the effect of foliar application of k(+) on processes associated with phloem loading was investigated in source leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). kci was supplied exogenously at concentrations of up to 100 millimolar in the solution bathing the abraded upper epidermis of source leaves. k(+) added at concentrations below 30 millimolar generally promoted the rate of export of material derived from (14)co(2) but not from exogenously applied [(14)c]sucrose. paralleling promotion of export, th ... | 1979 | 16661003 |
| sucrose translocation and storage in the sugar beet. | several physiological processes were studied during sugar beet root development to determine the cellular events that are temporally correlated with sucrose storage. the prestorage stage was characterized by a marked increase in root fresh weight and a low sucrose to glucose ratio. carbon derived from (14)c-sucrose accumulation was partitioned into protein and structural carbohydrate fractions and their amino acid, organic acid, and hexose precursors. the immature root contained high soluble aci ... | 1979 | 16660821 |
| [yeasts in beet sugar production]. | | 2006 | 481271 |
| phloem loading of sucrose: involvement of membrane atpase and proton transport. | p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid markedly inhibited sucrose accumulation into sugar beet source leaves without inhibiting hexose accumulation. the site of inhibition is proposed to be the plasmalemma atpase, since the atpase-mediated h(+) efflux was completely inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid under conditions where intracellular metabolism, as measured by photosynthesis and hexose accumulation, was unaffected. fusicoccin, a potent activator of active h(+)/k(+) exchange, stimul ... | 1979 | 16660804 |
| the location of acid invertase activity and sucrose in the vacuoles of storage roots of beetroot (beta vulgaris). | vacuoles were isolated from freshly cut slices of the storage roots of beetroot (beta vulgaris), and from slices that had been washed in aerated water for 1-3 days. the unique vacuolar location of betanin permitted the use of a correlative method to determine whether sucrose and acid invertase were located in the vacuoles. the specific content (the activity of the enzyme or amount of substrate per mg of protein) and the percentage recoveries for betanin, sucrose and acid invertase were determine ... | 1979 | 454363 |
| a study of formate production and oxidation in leaf peroxisomes during photorespiration. | when glycolate was metabolized in peroxisomes isolated from leaves of spinach beet (beta vulgaris l., var. vulgaris) formate was produced. although the reaction mixture contained glutamate to facilitate conversion of glycolate to glycine, the rate at which h(2)o(2) became "available" during the oxidation of [1-(14)c]glycolate was sufficient to account for the breakdown of the intermediate [1-(14)c]glyoxylate to formate (c(1) unit) and (14)co(2). under aerobic conditions formate production closel ... | 1979 | 16660715 |
| accumulation of sucrose in vacuoles isolated from red beet tissue. | vacuoles were isolated from red beets (beta vulgaris l.) by slicing the tissue and separated using a discontinuous dextran gradient centrifugation. the uptake of sucrose against a concentration gradient into the dextran-impermeable [(3)h]-h2o space of these organelles was studied using silicone layer filtering centrifugation on both fluorometric and (14)c-measurement of sucrose. the rate is 24 nmol sucrose (unit betacyanin)(-1) h(-1) and appears to be stimulated by atp to an uptake rate of 34 nm ... | 1979 | 24407383 |
| superiority of a soil debris isolation method over a beet seed colonization method for assay of rhizoctonia solani at high soil inoculum densities. | a quantitative soil debris isolation method (all debris from known weight of soil plated) and a garden beet seed saprophytic colonization method were compared over a 1-year period for assaying rhizoctonia solani population. four fields of different soil textures were selected. within each field four areas of healthy and four areas of diseases (rhizoctonia root and crown rot) sugarbeets were sampled bimonthly from august 1976 until june 1977. the maximum numbers of r. solani colonies obtained by ... | 1979 | 427651 |
| influence of the addition of urea to a low-protein diet on plasma amino acids and other metabolites in growing bulls fed sugar beet silage. | | 1978 | 33511 |
| source and sink leaf metabolism in relation to phloem translocation: carbon partitioning and enzymology. | the import-export transition in sugar beet leaves (beta vulgaris) occurred at 40 to 50% leaf expansion and was characterized by loss in assimilate import and increase in photosynthesis. the metabolism and partitioning of assimilated and translocated c were determined during leaf development and related to the translocation status of the leaf. the import stage was characterized by c derived from either (14)c-translocate or (14)c-photosynthate being incorporated into protein and structural carbohy ... | 1978 | 16660297 |
| nitrite studies in oesophageal cancer. | as nitrate consumption may have considerable importance for the in vivo formation of nitrites and potentially carcinogenic n-nitroso compounds, we have studied salivary nitrite levels in patients with oesophageal cancer and adult volunteers before and after administering 100 ml beet juice containing 160 mg nitrate. initial salivary nitrite levels were slightly lower in the cancer patients, perhaps because of previous malnutrition. in both groups there was a marked increase in salivary nitrite le ... | 1978 | 631641 |
| alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from rhodotorula flava. | an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (ec 3.2.1.55) from the culture fluid of rhodotorula flava ifo 0407 grown on beet arabinan as a carbon source has been highly purified. the purified enzyme has a ph optimum of 2.0. the enzyme is unusually acid stable, retaining 82% of its activity after being maintained for 24 h at ph 1.5 and at 30 degrees c. the apparent km and vmax values of the enzyme for phenyl alpha-l-arabinofuranoside were determined to be 9.1 mm and 72.5 mumol per min per mg of protein, respe ... | 1978 | 25260 |
| levels of short-chain fatty acids and of abscisic acid in water-stressed and non-stressed leaves and their effects on stomata in epidermal strips and excised leaves. | straight-chain saturated fatty acids (c6-c11) and abscisic acid (aba) accumulate in the leaves of phaseolus vulgaris l. and hordeum vulgare l. under water stress. aba and certain of the fatty acids, particularly decanoic and undecanoic acid, can inhibit stomatal opening and cause stomatal closure in epidermal strips of commelina communis l. depending on the incubating medium used. 10(-4) m (±)-aba inhibits opening in media containing either high or relatively low concentrations of kcl but causes ... | 1978 | 24414272 |
| inhibition of plant cell membrane transport phenomena induced by zearalenone (f-2). | zearalenone (f-2), an estrogenic factor produced by a number of fusarium spp., stimulates a leakage of electrolytes, β-cyanin and aminoacids from three plant tissues. f-2 inhibits rubidium uptake in roots of zea mays l. and beta vulgaris l. var. rubra. however the effect in the latter tissue is evident after long-term treatments with the toxin. rubidium uptake is not affected in solanum tuberosum l. var. bintje. the toxin also causes inhibition of h(+) extrusion, of root elongation, of atpase ac ... | 1978 | 24408260 |
| a population genetic analysis of self- and cross-incompatibility in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | a population genetic model is proposed for the reproduction of self-incompatible inbred lines in which incompatibility is controlled by 1-4 loci. from theoretical considerations it was expected that: a) with the random matings of lines in, (obtained by self-pollination of n generations), some lines would be cross-incompatible (all the plants within these lines would be homozygous for s-genes) and the rest would be cross-compatible (retain heterozygosity for one or more s-genes); b) in the case o ... | 1978 | 24317368 |
| [analytical evidences of sugar added to wine]. | in many countries addition of sugar to the grape must for increasing the alcohol concentration is autorized by regulation. this addition must be supervised by a priori and a posteriori controls. the saccharose from sugar beet contrains 100 mg/kg of betain, which can be determined in wine after purification by ion exchange and gas chromatography of a decomposition product of its butylester. methyl betaine has been used as internal standard to improve the method. the natural wine contains low quan ... | 1978 | 754584 |
| biological protection of emerging sugar-beet against damping-off established by mycoparasitism in non-sterilized soil. | | 1978 | 726716 |
| [causes of poisoning during work in sugar beet fields following the use of polychloropinene]. | | 1978 | 146634 |
| water flow in beta vulgaris storage tissue. | the relative magnitudes of the hydraulic resistances, water capacities, and water potential equilibration time constants for the single cell, for the apoplast, and for the symplast in higher plant tissue are assessed. swelling of beetroot (beta vulgaris, var. ;detroit red') storage tissue sections in pure water is measured using a displacement transducer. this method of measurement avoids the difficulty of solute diffusion in the apoplast. theoretical analysis of the experimental results shows t ... | 1977 | 16660159 |
| sucrose hydrolysis in relation to phloem translocation in beta vulgaris. | asymmetrically labeled sucrose, (14)c(fructosyl)sucrose, was used to determine whether sucrose undergoes extracellular hydrolysis during phloem translocation in the sugar beet, beta vulgaris. in addition, the metabolism of various sugars accumulated and translocated was determined in various regious of the plant. these processes were studied in detached regions as well as in the intact, translocating plant in the source leaf, along the translocation path, and in a rapidly growing sink leaf and s ... | 1977 | 16660089 |
| photosynthesis, growth, and the role of chloride. | previous studies with isolated chloroplasts have indicated that cl(-) is an essential cofactor for photosynthesis. considerable support for the postulated cl(-) requirement in photosynthesis came from the observation that cl(-) is essential for growth. data are presented which show that a 60% reduction in growth which occurred in cl(-) -deficient sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) was not due to an effect of cl(-) on the rate of photosynthesis in vivo (net co(2) uptake per unit area of attached leave ... | 1977 | 16660047 |
| ethylene-induced fine structure alterations in cotton and sugarbeet radicle cells. | electron microscopic examination of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) radicles subjected to ethylene at 1, 10, 100 microliters per liter and a saturated ethylene atmosphere showed distinct ultrastructural differences compared to aerobic, control tissue and to anaerobic, nitrogen-treated radicles. short term ethylene treatments of 1 hour induced the formation of cisternal stacks of rough endoplasmic reticulum in undifferentiated radicle cells. similar profiles of rou ... | 1977 | 16660025 |
| sugar selectivity and other characteristics of phloem loading in beta vulgaris l. | the rate of phloem loading, its selectivity, and the disposition of labeled carbon were studied following application of (14)c-labeled sugars to the free space of source leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). buffered 10 mm solutions of (14)c-labeled sucrose, fructose, stachyose, mannitol, 3-0-methyl glucose or l-glucose were applied to the abraded epidermis of source leaves held in the dark. distribution of the labeled carbon from sugar taken up from the free space was studied by micro-densit ... | 1977 | 16659975 |
| phloem loading of sucrose: ph dependence and selectivity. | autoradiographic, plasmolysis, and (14)c-metabolite distribution studies indicate that the majority of exogenously supplied (14)c-sucrose enters the phloem directly from the apoplast in source leaf discs of beta vulgaris. phloem loading of sucrose is ph-dependent, being markedly inhibited at an apoplast ph of 8 compared to ph 5. kinetic analyses indicate that the apparent k(m) of the loading process increases at the alkaline ph while the maximum velocity, v(max), is ph-independent. the ph depend ... | 1977 | 16659931 |
| the effect of iron, tin, aluminium, and chromium on fading, discoloration, and precipitation in berry and red beet juices. | the effect of iron(ii), tin(ii), aluminium(iii), and chromium(iii) on the properties of red whortleberry, blackcurrant, and red beet juices was followed during storage for 10 months at 5 degrees c. the colour and ph changes were studied, and the precipitates formed were weighed and their metal contents assayed. of the metals tested, only tin caused bluish discoloration in the berry juices. in the case of iron, aluminium, and chromium the low ph prevented this type of discoloration. in berry juic ... | 1977 | 16411 |
| the effect of temperature on glycollate decarboxylation in leaf peroxisomes. | [1-(14)c]glycollate was oxidised to(14)co2 by peroxisomes isolated from leaves of spinach beet about 3 times as rapidly at 35°c as at 25°c; the rate was further increased with rise in temperature to a maximum at 55°c. these increases are shown to be mainly due to the increased h2o2 available to oxidise glyoxylate non-enzymically as a result of the higher temperature coefficient of glycollate oxidase activity relative to that of catalase. these results are compared with similar increases in the r ... | 1977 | 24425260 |
| isolation of vacuoles from root storage tissue of beta vulgaris l. | morphologically intact and osmotically active vacuoles were isolated from root storage tissue of the red beet beta vulgaris l., and the factors influencing both yield and stability of the vacuoles were determined. successful isolation depended upon slicing the tissue in an apparatus specifically designed to cut open plant cells without the use of high shear forces and to liberate cellular organelles into an undisturbed reservoir of osmoticum. the resulting brei was centrifuged at 2,000g for 10 m ... | 1976 | 16659738 |
| [aneuploids from the progeny of triploid sugar beets]. | the crossing of sugar beet triploids with triploids (3x x 3x) produced 25.1 +/- 5.16% of aneuploids, the crossing of triploids with tetraploids (3x x 4x) resulted in 17.7 +/- +/- 2.66% of aneuploids, and the crossing of triploids with diploids (3x x 2x) yielded 12.4 +/- 2.36% of aneuploids. in the combinations 3x x 2x and 3x x 4x all the theoretically possible forms of aneuploids were observed. after free pollination of aneuploids with different numbers of chromosomes their progenies comprise 71 ... | 2008 | 1030859 |
| [primary selection of active strains of penicillia and their utilization for controlling sugar beet black root]. | | 2006 | 1012078 |
| effects of inorganic salts on tissue permeability. | inorganic solutes are shown to alter the permeability of root and leaf tissues. experiments with beet root tissues reveal that cacl(2) decreases leakage of betacyanin from the tissue, that (nh(4))(2)so(4) increases leakage, and that each salt can relieve the effects of the other. a comparison of cations and anions shows a range of effects with the various solutes. experiments with rumex obtusifolius l. leaf discs reveal that whereas cacl(2) defers the development of senescence, (nh(4))(2)so(4) h ... | 1976 | 16659643 |
| ethylene formation in sugar beet leaves: evidence for the involvement of 3-hydroxytyramine and phenoloxidase after wounding. | ethylene production by sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaf discs is inhibited by white (or red, >610 nm) light or by wounding. in contrast, in wounded leaf discs, ethylene production is stimulated by light. the effect of light on wounded leaf discs has been studied by using an in vitro system which mimics the loss of compartmentation in the wounded leaf. chlorophyll-free extracts from sugar beet leaves stimulate the production of the superoxide free radical ion (as a prerequisite for ethylene for ... | 1976 | 16659639 |
| characteristics of external nadh oxidation by beetroot mitochondria. | mitochondria isolated from fresh red beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) tissue do not oxidize external nadh with o(2) as the electron acceptor. these mitochondria have a rotenone- and antimycin-insensitive pathway of nadh oxidation associated with the outer membrane and are capable of reducing cytochrome c or potassium ferricyanide. they are also capable of oxidizing internal nadh via the inner membrane electron transport chain with normal rotenone and antimycin sensitivity and adp/o ratios. they diffe ... | 1976 | 16659616 |
| specially designed sweeteners and food for diabetics--a real need? | in the first part of this study, the effect of four isocaloric mixed breakfast meals on the blood glucose and urinary glucose losses was tested in nine adult diabetics and in three healthy subjects, ages 60 to 75. three of the test meals consisted of a base diet supplemented with applesauce sweetened with sucrose, fructose, or sorbitol. in the fourth test meal, the starch was increased together with saccharine. in the second part of the study, analyses for free glucose and sucrose in several tim ... | 1976 | 937227 |
| [study of betacyanin-discolorating enzyme]. | an enzyme catalyzing the discoloration and breakdown of betacyanins was isolated from beet roots beta vulgaris by centrifugation in sucrose density gradient (2.5 m, 2.0 m, 1.5 m, 1.0 m, tris-hcl buffer, 0.05 m, ph 7.2), and purified 100-fold. the enzyme activity induced the discoloration of betanin, betanidin. it was found that the beet root enzyme exists in an insoluble state and is firmly bound with subcellular structures, which were isolated by centrifugation in sucrose gradient. the optimal ... | 1976 | 17435 |
| evidence for phloem loading from the apoplast: chemical modification of membrane sulfhydryl groups. | the water-soluble, sulfhydryl-specific, chemical modifier p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid reversibly inhibited the accumulation of exogenously supplied (14)c-sucrose into leaf discs of beta vulgaris. p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid treatment did not inhibit photosynthesis or respiration or induce membrane leakage to sucrose, indicating that the site of inhibition was the plasmalemma. the active loading of sucrose and (14)co(2)-derived assimilates into the phloem and their translocation f ... | 1976 | 16659588 |
| qualitative tests for added coloring matter in meat products. | the rapid qualitative detection of coal tar dyes, chemicals added to color meat products, and some natural coloring materials was investigated through extraction and subsequent identification by spectrophotometric, paper chromatographic, and specific reaction techniques. these techniques will detect the presence of coal tar dyes, imidazole, histamine, histidine, cochineal, beet powder, annatto, alkanet, carotene, paprika, saffron, turmeric, and materials causing discoloration in meats. | 1976 | 1270383 |
| effects of sulfur on the photosynthesis of intact leaves and isolated chloroplasts of sugar beets. | effects of sulfur on photosynthesis in sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv. f58-554h1) were studied by inducing sulfur deficiency and determining changes in the photosynthesis of whole attached leaves and of isolated chloroplasts. the rates of photosynthetic co(2) uptake by intact leaves, photoreduction of ferricyanide, cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation of isolated chloroplasts, and the rate of co(2) assimilation by ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, decreased with decrease in total leaf sul ... | 1976 | 16659509 |
| hydrogen peroxide production and the release of carbon dioxide during glycollate oxidation in leaf peroxisomes. | the rate at which h2o2 becomes available during glycollate oxidation for further oxidation reactions, especially that of glyoxylate to formate and co2, in peroxisomes from spinach-beet (beta vulgaris l., var. vulgaris) leaves has been determined by measuring o2 uptake in the presence and absence of added catalase. the rates observed under air and pure o2 were sufficient to account for the (14)co2 released from [l-(14)c]glycollate under these conditions; the two reactions showed similar character ... | 1976 | 24430751 |
| partial purification and properties of adenosine nucleosidase from leaves of spinach beet (beta vulgaris l.). | adenosine nucleosidase (ec 3.2.2.7), which catalyses the irreversible hydrolysis of adenosine to adenine and ribose, has been isolated and purified about 40-fold from leaves of spinach beet (beta vulgaris l.). the enzyme appeared to be specific for adenosine only among the naturally-occurring nucleosides, but comparable activity was also found with adenosine n-oxide. adenosine hydrolysis, which had an optimum at ph 4.5, did not require phosphate ions nor was it stimulated by their presence. the ... | 1976 | 24424769 |
| in vivo conversion of 5-oxoproline to glutamate by higher plants. | l-(u-(14)c)-5-oxoproline (pyrollidone carboxylic acid or pyroglutamic acid) was infiltrated into detached leaves of a number of species and incubated for 1 to 6 hours. in every case, conversion to labeled glutamate and glutamine was observed. the amount converted varied from 1 to 64% of the total label fed depending on the species. the ratio of glutamate-(14)c to glutamine-(14)c ranged from 5 in vicia faba to 1 in sugar beet. this ratio could be affected by preinfiltrating various compounds befo ... | 1976 | 16659431 |
| anaphylactoid reactions in connection with infusion of invert sugar solutions are due to macromolecular contaminants. | 13 untoward mold anaphylactoid reactions were observed in patients infused with invert sugar solutions in sweden during a 7-month period in 1973: an incidence of 1/31,000 infusions. immunological and physicochemical analysis of invert sugar solutions and of the raw material, sucrose, revealed traces of native alpha-1,6-glucan with molecular weight of 10-100 millions as contaminant. this indicates, that the sucrose had been exposed to microbial contamination during its manufacture from sugar-beet ... | 1976 | 1270158 |
| polygalacturonase activity of penicillum sp 7/4b/ei 1 mutant grown on some by-products of food industry. | pectolytic activity of the penicillum sp 7/4b/e11 mutant, which synthesized effectively pg and was not capable of producing pe, was studied on some by-products of food industries (apple pulp, beet pulp, and mixtures of apple pulp or beet pulp with wheat bran) supplemented in some experiments with mineral salts of the czapek's medium. the strain showed good growth but a low pg activity when grown on by-products without mineral salts and an increase in pg activity after cultivation on these by-pro ... | 1976 | 937088 |
| [tularemia infection rate and evaluation of the risk of the infection being contracted by workers of sugar-refineries processing surag-beet from areas of its endemic incidence (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 132284 |
| relationship between beet root pigment and uric acid crystals. | | 1976 | 56329 |
| purification and properties of s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase from leaves of spinach beet. | | 1976 | 3135 |
| the action of hydrogen peroxide on the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid by spinach-beet phenolase. | treatment of spinach-beet phenolase with h2o2 under aerobic conditions results in a stimulation of the p-coumaric acid hydroxylation it catalyses, but not the caffeic acid oxidation. spectroscopic evidence suggests that an oxygenated enzyme species is formed under these conditions. | 1975 | 814897 |