| randomized controlled trial comparing submucosal endoscopy with mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in the esophagus and stomach: animal study. | in western countries, endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) has not prevailed as a result of training problems and a target patient population. we have previously reported a hybrid esd technique, submucosal endoscopy with mucosal resection (semr), in which the submucosal dissection is carried out chiefly by blunt balloon dissection. we have also reported successful application in the porcine colon. in the present study, we compared the safety and efficacy of semr with esd in the porcine esophag ... | 2018 | 28664661 |
| safety and efficacy of new biodegradable polymer-based sirolimus-eluting stents in a preclinical model. | new drug-eluting stents (des) designed to overcome the limitations of existing devices should initially be tested in preclinical studies. our objective was to analyze the safety and efficacy of new biodegradable polymer-based des compared with bare-metal stents (bms) and commercially available des in a model of normal porcine coronary arteries. | 2017 | 28647315 |
| annotation of the domestic pig genome by quantitative proteogenomics. | the pig is one of the earliest domesticated animals in the history of human civilization and represents one of the most important livestock animals. the recent sequencing of the sus scrofa genome was a major step toward the comprehensive understanding of porcine biology, evolution, and its utility as a promising large animal model for biomedical and xenotransplantation research. however, the functional and structural annotation of the sus scrofa genome is far from complete. here, we present mass ... | 2017 | 28625053 |
| protein requirements of collared peccary (pecari tajacu). | a nitrogen (n) balance digestion trial was conducted to determine the protein requirement of collared peccaries (pecari tajacu). in a 4 × 4 latin square design, four captive adult male peccaries were fed four isoenergy diets containing four different levels of n (11.7, 16.3, 22.8, and 26.7 g n/kg of dry matter-dm). after 15 days of adaptation, a total collection of feces and urine was carried out for five consecutive days. regression analyses between n intake and n in feces and urine allowed to ... | 2017 | 28623602 |
| adrenergic regulation of cytoplasmic structures related to secretory processes in pig pinealocytes-an ultrastructural, quantitative study. | two structures, considered as secretory in nature, are present in the pinealocytes in of the domestic pig show the presence of two structures, which are considered as secretory in nature - the dense core vesicles (dcv) and the membrane bounded (dense) bodies (mbb). the latter are extremely numerous in pig pinealocytes (they occupy 6-20% of the cytoplasm), and the number of mbb changes under different physiological and experimental conditions. norepinephrine is the main neurotransmitter that regu ... | 2017 | 28622599 |
| epidemiological studies on trichinellosis in pigs (sus scofa) in india. | the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic pigs (sus scrofa)in india. a total of 319 tissue and 279 serum samples were collected from 279 slaughter pigs. the samples were collected from small slaughter shops located in assam, chandigarh (union territory), punjab and uttarakhand states of the country. the presence oftrichinellaspp. antibodies in serum was determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kit and tiss ... | 2017 | 28615865 |
| genome-wide dynamics of nascent noncoding rna transcription in porcine heart after myocardial infarction. | microarrays and rna sequencing are widely used to profile transcriptome remodeling during myocardial ischemia. however, the steady-state rna analysis lacks in sensitivity to detect all noncoding rna species and does not provide separation between transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations. here, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of nascent rna profiles of mrnas, primary micro-rnas, long noncoding rnas, and enhancer rnas in a large animal model of acute infarction. | 2017 | 28611032 |
| repeated subretinal surgery and removal of subretinal decalin is well tolerated - evidence from a porcine model. | subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (pfcl) is a serious complication that can occur after retinal detachment repair. it is possible to remove the pfcl surgically, but retinal damage related to the procedure is unknown. also, increasing interest in subretinal treatment makes it relevant to examine the functional and morphological consequences of repeated subretinal manipulation. we hypothesized that pfcl in a porcine model can be injected in the subretinal space and removed with minimal effect on r ... | 2017 | 28608271 |
| periosteal elevation induces supracortical peri-implant bone formation. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of supracortical peri-implant bone formation after periosteal elevation. | 2017 | 28606438 |
| impact of direct epispinal stimulation on bladder and bowel functions in pigs: a feasibility study. | this study assesses the potential of epispinal (subdural) stimulation application in the treatment of urinary and bowel neurological disorders. acute experiments were performed on a large animal model - the domestic pig - to develop a new methodology facilitating future results and technology transfers to human. | 2018 | 28605134 |
| normal developmental and estrous cycle-dependent histological features of the female reproductive organs in microminipigs. | the microminipig has become an increasingly attractive animal model for various experimental practices because of its manageable size; however, studies of the histological features of the female reproductive organs in microminipigs are limited. the present study investigates the sexual development of the reproductive organs and the cyclical changes during the estrous cycle in female microminipigs. the ovaries, oviducts, uteri, and vaginal tissues from 33 animals aged 0 to 26 months were utilized ... | 2017 | 28580886 |
| mastering lymphatic microsurgery: a new training model in living tissue. | advanced microsurgical techniques have emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of lymphedema, but achieving international standards is limited by a scarcity of adequate training models. the purpose of this report is to describe our in vivo porcine training model for microsurgery. | 2017 | 28570444 |
| renal adiposity confounds quantitative assessment of markers of renal diffusion with mri: a proposed correction method. | recent studies have indicated that excessive fat may confound assessment of diffusion in organs with high fat content, such as the liver and breast. however, the extent of this effect in the kidney, which is not considered a major fat deposition site, remains unclear. this study tested the hypothesis that renal fat may impact diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) parameters, and proposes a 3-compartment model (tcm) to circumvent this effect. | 2017 | 28562413 |
| role of stro-1 sorting of porcine dental germ stem cells in dental stem cell-mediated bone tissue engineering. | stem cells of dental origin emerged as a new source for the regeneration of tissues with advantages mainly including non-invasive collection procedures and lack of ethical contraversies with their harvest or use. in this study, porcine tgscs (ptgscs) were isolated from mandibular third molar tooth germs of 6-month-old domestic pigs. this is the first study that reports the isolation and characterization of tgscs from porcine third molars and their differentiation depending on stro-1 expression. ... | 2017 | 28562085 |
| preclinical pilot study monitoring topical drug penetration and dermal bioavailability of a peptidase inhibitor from different galenic formulations into pig dermis, using cutaneous microdialysis. | cutaneous microdialysis (cm) is an ex vivo technique that allows study of tissue chemistry, including bioavailability of actual tissue concentration of unbound drug in the interstitial fluid of the body. | 2017 | 28556026 |
| assessing immune competence in pigs by immunization with tetanus toxoid. | immune competence can be tested by challenging organisms with a set of infectious agents. however, disease control requirements impose restrictions on the infliction of infections upon domestic pigs. alternatively, vaccinations induce detectable immune responses that reflect immune competence. here, we tested this approach with tetanus toxoid (tt) in young domestic pigs. to optimize the vaccination protocol, we immunized the pigs with a commercial tt vaccine at the age of 21 or 35 days. booster ... | 2018 | 28554336 |
| glucocorticoid receptor number and affinity differ between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and granulocytes in domestic pigs. | the aim of the present study was to characterize the number and affinity of glucocorticoid receptors (gr) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and granulocytes of domestic pigs because glucocorticoid signaling is considered important for animal health and welfare. to investigate gr binding characteristics in intact porcine immune cells, blood samples of 6 castrated male pigs were collected via indwelling vein catheters. porcine pbmc and granulocytes were isolated using two-layer density ... | 2017 | 28554109 |
| atrial myofibroblast activation and connective tissue formation in a porcine model of atrial fibrillation and reduced left ventricular function. | atrial fibrillation (af) is associated with fibrosis that slows electrical conduction and causes perpetuation of the arrhythmia. the molecular characterization of af pathophysiology may provide novel therapeutic options. this study was designed to elucidate profibrotic signaling and myofibroblast activation in a porcine model of atrial tachypacing-induced af and reduced left ventricular function. | 2017 | 28546006 |
| the in vivo performance of a novel thermal accelerant agent used for augmentation of microwave energy delivery within biologic tissues during image-guided thermal ablation: a porcine study. | to investigate the effects of a novel caesium-based thermal accelerant (ta) agent on ablation zone volumes following in vivo microwave ablation of porcine liver and skeletal muscle, and to correlate the effects of ta with target organ perfusion. | 2018 | 28540805 |
| the relationship between surface area and volume of common blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) oviposition sites and carrion body mass. | female blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) demonstrate site preferences when ovipositing on carrion. preference for oviposition sites is believed to reflect the suitability of the site such that the most preferred locations provide offspring with the greatest chance of survival. a number of factors might influence female choice, including area available for oviposition. for species known to aggregate during oviposition, the surface area of oviposition sites may be a key factor in the decision-ma ... | 2017 | 28535281 |
| plasma concentrations of transdermal fentanyl and buprenorphine in pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | to determine the absorption characteristics of fentanyl and buprenorphine administered transdermally in swine. | 2017 | 28526486 |
| detection and evaluation of renal injury in burst wave lithotripsy using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. | burst wave lithotripsy (bwl) is a transcutaneous technique with potential to safely and effectively fragment renal stones. preclinical investigations of bwl require the assessment of potential renal injury. this study evaluates the capabilities of real-time ultrasound and mri to detect and evaluate bwl injury that was induced in porcine kidneys. | 2017 | 28521550 |
| differential expression of genes related to glucose metabolism in domesticated pigs and wild boar. | glucose metabolism is a basic biological process that shows substantial variation within and between species. using pig as a model organism, we investigated differences in glucose metabolic genes in seven tissues from domesticated pigs (rongchang pig and tibetan pig, meanwhile, the tibetan pig just as a special case of the domesticated pig under plateau condition) and wild boar. we found large differences in the expression of genes involved in multiple aspects of glucose metabolism, including ge ... | 2017 | 28508704 |
| a pathway-centered analysis of pig domestication and breeding in eurasia. | ascertaining the molecular and physiological basis of domestication and breeding is an active area of research. due to the current wide distribution of its wild ancestor, the wild boar, the pig (sus scrofa) is an excellent model to study these processes, which occurred independently in east asia and europe ca. 9000 yr ago. analyzing genome variability patterns in terms of metabolic pathways is attractive since it considers the impact of interrelated functions of genes, in contrast to genome-wide ... | 2017 | 28500056 |
| metformin prevents ischaemic ventricular fibrillation in metabolically normal pigs. | metformin is the drug most often used to treat type 2 diabetes. evidence suggests that metformin may reduce mortality of individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism of such an effect is unknown and outcomes of metformin treatment in people without diabetes have not been determined. if metformin favourably affected mortality of non-diabetic individuals, it might have even broader therapeutic utility. we evaluated the effect of metformin on myocardial energetics and ischaemic ventricular f ... | 2017 | 28497164 |
| a porcineex vivolung perfusion model with maximal argon exposure to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. | argon (ar) is a noble gas with known organoprotective effects in rodents andin vitromodels. in a previous study we failed to find a postconditioning effect of ar duringex vivolung perfusion (evlp) on warm-ischemic injury in a porcine model. in this study, we further investigated a prolonged exposure to ar to decrease cold ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation in a porcine model with evlp assessment. domestic pigs (n= 6/group) were pre-conditioned for 6 hours with 21% o2and 79% n ... | 2017 | 28480029 |
| insular east asia pig dispersal and vicariance inferred from asian wild boar genetic evidence. | the formosan wild boar () is an endemic subspecies in taiwan. understanding the origins and spread of the formosan wild boar could help clarify east asian wild boar dispersion. although in situ domestication of the wild boar occurred at a number of domestication centers across east asia, corroborating archaeological and genetic evidence of pig domestication on taiwan is lacking, leading to domestication being described as cryptic. this characterization applies to the lanyu pig-a domestic pig bre ... | 2017 | 28464072 |
| titanium implant functionalization with phosphate-containing polymers may favour in vivo osseointegration. | osseointegration of titanium implants is predictable, but can be improved via surface functionalization. | 2017 | 28453878 |
| magnetic resonance imaging as a noninvasive method for longitudinal monitoring of infusion site reactions following administration of a novel apomorphine formulation. | infusion site reactions are common following subcutaneous infusion of drugs. such reactions can lead to discontinuation of the treatment. therefore, assessment of such reactions is essential during preclinical safety studies, and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can assist in evaluation. here, in vivo and ex vivo mri evaluations were used in addition to classical histopathology to assess the infusion site reaction to nd0701, a novel formulation of apomorphine base developed for the treatment of ... | 2017 | 28443458 |
| heart-rate variability depression in porcine peritonitis-induced sepsis without organ failure. | depression of heart-rate variability (hrv) in conditions of systemic inflammation has been shown in both patients and experimental animal models and hrv has been suggested as an early indicator of sepsis. the sensitivity of hrv-derived parameters to the severity of sepsis, however, remains unclear. in this study we modified the clinically relevant porcine model of peritonitis-induced sepsis in order to avoid the development of organ failure and to test the sensitivity of hrv to such non-severe c ... | 2017 | 28440737 |
| classical swine fever-an updated review. | classical swine fever (csf) remains one of the most important transboundary viral diseases of swine worldwide. the causative agent is csf virus, a small, enveloped rna virus of the genus pestivirus. based on partial sequences, three genotypes can be distinguished that do not, however, directly correlate with virulence. depending on both virus and host factors, a wide range of clinical syndromes can be observed and thus, laboratory confirmation is mandatory. to this means, both direct and indirec ... | 2017 | 28430168 |
| proteomic analysis of the endometrium during early pregnancy in the domestic pig. | reproductive processes in domestic pigs have been studied extensively. pigs are one of the main sources of meat for human consumption and are an established model for investigations into mammalian, including human, reproductive physiology. studies of the uterus during early pregnancy will lead to a better understanding of mechanisms governing pregnancy. proteomics provides the possibility to explore endometrial functions in an unbiased way. the aim of the study was to compare endometrium harvest ... | 2017 | 28416050 |
| a simple method of placing a coronary sinus catheter through the femoral vein in miniature swine. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of placing a coronary sinus (cs) catheter through the femoral veins of miniature swine. a total of 16 male domestic pigs (3-4 months old, 25±2 kg) were used. firstly, the anatomic structure of the cs ostium of swine heart was observed at different angles under x-ray. the guide wire and cobara catheter were subsequently advanced into the right atrium through the femoral vein. subsequently, the guide wire was retracted behind the fix cur ... | 2017 | 28413516 |
| effects of racecadotril on weight loss and diarrhea due to human rotavirus in neonatal gnotobiotic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death in children younger than 5 y, and the most common cause of acute watery diarrhea in young children worldwide is rotaviral infection. medicines to specifically reduce diarrhea would be a desirable adjunctive treatment to supportive fluid therapy to decrease the mortality rate of diarrheal diseases. in this study, we evaluated the efficacy of an antisecretory drug, racecadotril, in treating human rotavirus (hrv)-induced diarrhea in a neonatal ... | 2017 | 28381316 |
| novel effects of identified snps within the porcine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family (ppags) on the major reproductive traits in hirschmann hybrid-line sows. | this is the first study describing identification of snps within the multiple and polymorphic pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family (pags) in the genome of the domestic pig (ppags). we identified ppag-like (ppag-l) genotypes in primiparous and multiparous farmed hybrid-line jsr hirschmann (hrn) sows (n=159), in which various novel associations with their phenotypes for the major reproductive traits have been discovered. genomic dna templates were isolated from the blood and different ppa ... | 2017 | 28371694 |
| featured article: pyruvate preserves antiglycation defenses in porcine brain after cardiac arrest. | cardiac arrest (ca) and cardiocerebral resuscitation (ccr)-induced ischemia-reperfusion imposes oxidative and carbonyl stress that injures the brain. the ischemic shift to anaerobic glycolysis, combined with oxyradical inactivation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), provokes excessive formation of the powerful glycating agent, methylglyoxal. the glyoxalase (glo) system, comprising the enzymes glyoxalase 1 (glo1) and glo2, utilizes reduced glutathione (gsh) supplied by glutathio ... | 2017 | 28361585 |
| defective postsecretory maturation of muc5b mucin in cystic fibrosis airways. | in cystic fibrosis (cf), airway mucus becomes thick and viscous, and its clearance from the airways is impaired. the gel-forming mucins undergo an ordered "unpacking/maturation" process after granular release that requires an optimum postsecretory environment, including hydration and ph. we hypothesized that this unpacking process is compromised in the cf lung due to abnormal transepithelial fluid transport that reduces airway surface hydration and alters ionic composition. using human tracheobr ... | 2017 | 28352653 |
| histological and anatomical structure of the nasal cavity of bama minipigs. | the nasal mucosa is equipped with abundant lymphatic tissues, serving as the first line of defense against invasion by microorganisms. in this study, we characterized the features of the nasal mucosa of bama minipigs (sus scrofa domestica) via histological analysis. | 2017 | 28339502 |
| the early-life environment of a pig shapes the phenotypes of its social partners in adulthood. | social interactions among individuals are abundant, both in natural and domestic populations, and may affect phenotypes of individuals. recent research has demonstrated that the social effect of an individual on the phenotype of its social partners may have a genetic component, known as an indirect genetic effect (ige). little is known, however, of nongenetic factors underlying such social effects. early-life environments often have large effects on phenotypes of the individuals themselves later ... | 2017 | 28327581 |
| intra-luminal gene therapy in the porcine artery using a recombinant adeno-associated virus 9. | the ability to improve or restore blood flow and promote healing in ischemic tissue has many potential clinical applications. augmentation by direct delivery of growth factors may further enhance results, but requires a method for sustained delivery. in this study, we have tested the ability of adeno-associated virus 9 (aav9) delivered within the lumen of a porcine artery to transfect the vessel and produce a desired product. the marker chosen was green fluorescent protein (gfp) (ke et al., 2011 ... | 2017 | 28322993 |
| cardiovascular disease and resuscitated septic shock lead to the downregulation of the h2s-producing enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase in the porcine coronary artery. | downregulation of the hydrogen sulfide (h2s)-producing enzymes cystathionine-γ-lyase (cse), cystathionine-β-synthase (cbs), and/or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-mst) is associated with chronic cardiovascular pathologies. nevertheless, equivocal data are available on both the expression and function of these enzymes in coronary arteries (ca). we recently reported that atherosclerotic pigs subjected to sepsis developed impaired cardiac function, which coincided with decreased myocardial ... | 2017 | 28321823 |
| assessment of the risk of african swine fever introduction into finland using nora-a rapid tool for semiquantitative assessment of the risk. | the nora rapid risk assessment tool was developed for situations where there is a change in the disease status of easily transmissible animal diseases in neighbouring countries or in countries with significant interactions with finland. the goal was to develop a tool that is quick to use and will provide consistent results to support risk management decisions. the model contains 63 questions that define the potential for entry and exposure by nine different pathways. the magnitude of the consequ ... | 2017 | 28303673 |
| insights into early pig domestication provided by ancient dna analysis. | pigs (sus scrofa) were first domesticated between 8,500 and 8,000 cal bc in the near east, from where they were subsequently brought into europe by agriculturalists. soon after the arrival of the first domestic pigs in northern europe (~4500 bc), farmers are thought to have started to incorporate local wild boars into their swine herds. this husbandry strategy ultimately resulted in the domestication of european wild boars. here, we set out to provide a more precise geographic and temporal frame ... | 2017 | 28300151 |
| peri-conceptional under-nutrition alters the expression of trim28 and zfp57 in the endometrium and embryos during peri-implantation period in domestic pigs. | dna methylation is maintained by the main elements of methylation complex-tripartite motif containing 28 (trim28) and zinc finger protein 57 (zfp57). previously, it was found that the activity of trim28 and zfp57 determines the process of dna methylation and preserves over-expression of genes. we hypothesized that restricted diet applied during peri-conceptional period may induce changes in the expression of methylation complex in porcine endometrium and embryos during the peri-implantation peri ... | 2017 | 28295703 |
| effects of different iron supply to pregnant sows (sus scrofa domestica l.) on reproductive performance as well as iron status of new-born piglets. | the present study aimed to investigate the effects of different iron (fe) supply to sows during gestation on their reproductive performance and placental fe load. additionally, the fe status of the corresponding offspring was assessed. twenty multiparous sows were fed from insemination to farrowing with isoenergetic and isonitrogenic balanced diets differing in fe content. the diet low in fe (group -fe) was mainly composed of soybean meal and maize meal and had a fe content of 114 mg/kg dm. for ... | 2017 | 28293962 |
| phosphorylated pullulan coating enhances titanium implant osseointegration in a pig model. | to investigate the effect of coating a titanium implant surface with a phosphorylated exopolysaccharide, pullulan, on the peri-implant bone formation and implant osseointegration. | 2017 | 28291848 |
| cardioprotective effect of nicorandil against myocardial injury following cardiac arrest in swine. | nicorandil, a vasodilatory drug used to treat angina, was reported to protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in various animal models. however, its cardioprotective action following cardiac arrest is unknown. we examined the cardioprotective effects of nicorandil in a porcine model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. | 2017 | 28285861 |
| how much does it cost to look like a pig in a wild boar group? | hybridization between domestic and wild species is known to widely occur and it is reported to be one of the major causes of the current biodiversity crisis. despite this, poor attention has been deserved to the behavioural ecology of hybrids, in particular in relation to their social behaviour. we carried out a camera trap study to assess whether phenotypically anomalous colouration in wild boar, i.e. potentially introgressed with domestic pigs, affected the hierarchical structure of wild boar ... | 2017 | 28274764 |
| sequential activation of different pathway networks in ischemia-affected and non-affected myocardium, inducing intrinsic remote conditioning to prevent left ventricular remodeling. | we have analyzed the pathway networks of ischemia-affected and remote myocardial areas after repetitive ischemia/reperfusion (r-i/r) injury without ensuing myocardial infarction (mi) to elaborate a spatial- and chronologic model of cardioprotective gene networks to prevent left ventricular (lv) adverse remodeling. domestic pigs underwent three cycles of 10/10 min r-i/r by percutaneous intracoronary balloon inflation/deflation in the mid left anterior descending artery, without consecutive mi. sh ... | 2017 | 28266659 |
| the 'real welfare' scheme: benchmarking welfare outcomes for commercially farmed pigs. | animal welfare standards have been incorporated in eu legislation and in farm assurance schemes, based on scientific information and aiming to safeguard the welfare of the species concerned. recently, emphasis has shifted from resource-based measures of welfare to animal-based measures, which are considered to assess more accurately the welfare status. the data used in this analysis were collected from april 2013 to may 2016 through the 'real welfare' scheme in order to assess on-farm pig welfar ... | 2017 | 28249629 |
| continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring study using pigs for the prevention of mechanical recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in esophageal surgery. | during esophageal surgery, clamping injury and injury associated with the use of energy devices are common mechanisms underlying intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve (rln) damage. recently, intraoperative neuromonitoring (ionm) has been applied to prevent rln injury. this study was aimed at investigating the changes in the emg signals associated with clamping injury of the rln caused by picking up of the nerve with tweezers in domestic pigs. | 2017 | 28142325 |
| osteochondrosis, synovial fossae, and articular indentations in the talus and distal tibia of growing domestic pigs and wild boars. | articular osteochondrosis (oc) often develops in typical locations within joints, and the characterization of oc distribution in the pig tarsus is incomplete. prevalence of oc is high in domestic pigs but is presumed to be low in wild boars. postmortem and computed tomography (ct) examinations of the talus and distal tibia from 40 domestic pigs and 39 wild boars were evaluated for the locations and frequencies of oc, synovial fossae, and other articular indentations, and frequency distribution m ... | 2017 | 28129094 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the indigenous i pig (sus scrofa) in vietnam. | the i pig is a long nurtured longstanding breed in vietnam, and contains excellent indigenous genetic resources. however, after 1970s, i pig breeds have become a small population because of decreasing farming areas and increasing pressure from foreign breeds with a high growth rate. thus, there is now the risk of the disappearance of the i pigs breed. the aim of this study was to focus on classifying and identifying the i pig genetic origin and supplying molecular makers for conservation activit ... | 2017 | 28111450 |
| radiosynthesis and evaluation of [11c]3-hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic acid as potential pet ligand for the high-affinity γ-hydroxybutyric acid binding sites. | γ-hydroxybutyric acid (ghb) is an endogenous neuroactive substance and proposed neurotransmitter with affinity for both low- and high-affinity binding sites. a radioligand with high and specific affinity toward the high-affinity ghb binding site would be a unique tool toward a more complete understanding of this population of binding sites. with its high specific affinity and monocarboxylate transporter (mct1) mediated transport across the blood-brain barrier in pharmacological doses, 3-hydroxyc ... | 2017 | 28095676 |
| generation of germline ablated male pigs by crispr/cas9 editing of the nanos2 gene. | genome editing tools have revolutionized the generation of genetically modified animals including livestock. in particular, the domestic pig is a proven model of human physiology and an agriculturally important species. in this study, we utilized the crispr/cas9 system to edit the nanos2 gene in pig embryos to generate offspring with mono-allelic and bi-allelic mutations. we found that nanos2 knockout pigs phenocopy knockout mice with male specific germline ablation but other aspects of testicul ... | 2017 | 28071690 |
| accuracy of echocardiographic area-length method in chronic myocardial infarction: comparison with cardiac ct in pigs. | we evaluated echocardiographic area-length methods to measure left ventricle (lv) volumes and ejection fraction (ef) in parasternal short axis views in comparison with cardiac computed tomography (ct) in pigs with chronic myocardial infarction (mi). | 2017 | 28069008 |
| electrical impedance tomography for non-invasive assessment of stroke volume variation in health and experimental lung injury. | functional imaging by thoracic electrical impedance tomography (eit) is a non-invasive approach to continuously assess central stroke volume variation (svv) for guiding fluid therapy. the early available data were from healthy lungs without injury-related changes in thoracic impedance as a potentially influencing factor. the aim of this study was to evaluate svv measured by eit (svveit) against svv from pulse contour analysis (svvpc) in an experimental animal model of acute lung injury at differ ... | 2017 | 28039243 |
| normal values for heart electrophysiology parameters of healthy swine determined on electrophysiology study. | swine are a well-recognized animal model for human cardiovascular diseases. despite the widespread use of porcine model in experimental electrophysiology, still no reference values for intracardiac electrical activity and conduction parameters determined during an invasive electrophysiology study (eps) have been developed in this species thus far. | 2017 | 28028980 |
| impact of synthetic elements on aortic root haemodynamics: computed fluid dynamics of aortic root reconstruction and valve reimplantation. | the aim was to evaluate the impact of the aortic valve reimplantation (david) and of the aortic root (aor) remodelling (yacoub) on the aor haemodynamics. | 2017 | 28013289 |
| anemia tolerance during normo-, hypo-, and hypervolemia. | restrictive intraoperative fluid management has been demonstrated to improve outcome of visceral and lung surgery in several studies. however, subsequent hypovolemia (hov) may be accompanied by a decrease of anemia tolerance, resulting in increased transfusion needs. we therefore investigated the effect of volume status on anemia tolerance. | 2017 | 27990642 |
| comparable vascular response of a new generation sirolimus eluting stents when compared to fluoropolymer everolimus eluting stents in the porcine coronary restenosis model. | novel sirolimus eluting stents (ses) have shown non-inferior clinical outcomes when compared to everolimus eluting stents (ees), however only limited preclinical data have been published. therefore, we evaluate vascular response of a new generation biodegradable polymer ses (bp-ses: alex plus, balton) and fluoropolymer ees (ees: xience pro, abbott) in the porcine coronary restenosis model. | 2016 | 27976797 |
| social support modulates stress-related gene expression in various brain regions of piglets. | the presence of an affiliative conspecific may alleviate an individual's stress response in threatening conditions. however, the mechanisms and neural circuitry underlying the process of social buffering have not yet been elucidated. using the domestic pig as an animal model, we examined the effect of a 4-h maternal and littermate deprivation on stress hormones and on mrna expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (gr), mineralocorticoid receptor (mr), 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11ß-hsd) ... | 2016 | 27965550 |
| control of african swine fever epidemics in industrialized swine populations. | african swine fever (asf) is a notifiable infectious disease with a high impact on swine health. the disease is endemic in certain regions in the baltic countries and has spread to poland constituting a risk of asf spread toward western europe. therefore, as part of contingency planning, it is important to explore strategies that can effectively control an epidemic of asf. in this study, the epidemiological and economic effects of strategies to control the spread of asf between domestic swine he ... | 2016 | 27938676 |
| somatic cell nuclear transfer followed by cripsr/cas9 microinjection results in highly efficient genome editing in cloned pigs. | the domestic pig is an ideal "dual purpose" animal model for agricultural and biomedical research. with the availability of genome editing tools such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr) and associated nuclease cas9 (crispr/cas9), it is now possible to perform site-specific alterations with relative ease, and will likely help realize the potential of this valuable model. in this article, we investigated for the first time a combination of somatic cell nuclear tran ... | 2016 | 27918485 |
| percutaneous externally assembled laparoscopic vs laparoendoscopic single-site nephrectomy in a porcine model: a prospective, randomized, blinded, study. | to compare the outcomes between laparoendoscopic single-site (less) and a novel percutaneous externally assembled laparoscopic (peal) nephrectomy in an in vivo porcine model. | 2017 | 27917649 |
| early and sustained vasopressin infusion augments the hemodynamic efficacy of restrictive fluid resuscitation and improves survival in a liver laceration model of hemorrhagic shock. | current management of hemorrhagic shock favors restrictive fluid resuscitation before control of the bleeding source. we investigated the additional effects of early and sustained vasopressin infusion in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock produced by liver laceration. | 2017 | 27906869 |
| open versus thoracoscopic rfa-assisted lung resection. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate radio frequency ablation (rfa)-assisted lung parenchymal transection through thoracotomy and thoracoscopy. twelve domestic pigs underwent rfa-assisted lingulectomy: six through thoracotomy (group a), and six with thoracoscopy (group b). there was no mortality, no bleeding, or air leak intra- or postoperatively in either of the groups, and no conversion to open thoracotomy in group b. group a had longer operating period and more pleural adhesions. a barot ... | 2017 | 27875060 |
| comparison of bipolar radiofrequency ablation zones in an in vivo porcine model: correlation of histology and gross pathological findings. | continuing research ex vivo and in vivo with animal models is performed to advance the oncological safety of radiofrequency ablation (rfa) of liver tumors. in these experiments, frequently imaging modalities (e.g. mri or ct) or macro-morphological measurements are used to determine the full extent of the different ablation zones inside of rfa lesions. however, no systematic study has been performed so far, which verified the accuracy of the macro-morphological findings. therefore, the present st ... | 2016 | 27858704 |
| creation of an animal model for long gap pure esophageal atresia. | long gap pure esophageal atresia (lgpea) is a congenital disorder in which the esophagus is in discontinuity, and the proximal and distal ends cannot be anastomosed in a primary fashion. no animal model for pure esophageal atresia exists. here we describe a survival animal model for lgpea, which will ultimately serve to test novel devices and techniques to restore continuity. | 2017 | 27838766 |
| novel y-chromosome short tandem repeats in sus scrofa and their variation in european wild boar and domestic pig populations. | y-chromosome markers are important tools for studying male-specific gene flow within and between populations, hybridization patterns and kinship. however, their use in non-human mammals is often hampered by the lack of y-specific polymorphic markers. we identified new male-specific short tandem repeats (strs) in sus scrofa using the available genome sequence. we selected four polymorphic loci (5-10 alleles per locus), falling in one duplicated and two single-copy regions. a total of 32 haplotype ... | 2016 | 27558303 |
| genomic analysis reveals selection in chinese native black pig. | identification of genomic signatures that help reveal mechanisms underlying desirable traits in domesticated pigs is of significant biological, agricultural and medical importance. to identify the genomic footprints left by selection during domestication of the enshi black pig, a typical native and meat-lard breed in china, we generated about 72-fold coverage of the pig genome using pools of genomic dna representing three different populations of enshi black pigs from three different locations. ... | 2016 | 27808243 |
| septic porcine blood does not further activate coagulation during in vitro membrane oxygenation. | for patients with a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) represents a life-saving measure. frequently, patients with severe ards also show signs of severe sepsis. as blood contact with the membrane oxygenator surface leads to adverse effects due to insufficient biocompatibility partly caused by activation of platelets, coagulation factors and leucocytes, we hypothesized that these adverse effects would be amplified if septic blood in a pre ... | 2017 | 27806995 |
| in-depth proteomic analysis of the porcine retina by use of a four step differential extraction bottom up lc ms platform. | the eye of the house swine (sus scrofa domestica linnaeus, 1758) represents a promising model for the study of human eye diseases encircling neurodegenerative retina disorders that go along with proteomic changes. to provide an in-depth view into the "normal" (untreated & healthy) porcine retina proteome as an important reference, a proteomic strategy has been developed encircling stepwise/differential extraction, lc ms and peptide de novo sequencing. accordingly, pooled porcine retina homogenat ... | 2016 | 27796761 |
| evaluation of dry feeding and liquid feeding to lactating sows under high temperature environment. | liquid feeding system has been introduced to domestic swine farms, but negative cognition about liquid feeding system has been remained for feed waste decay related with poor management and microbial contamination. for these reasons, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding method in lactating sows. | 2016 | 27795834 |
| low-level laser therapy to the bone marrow reduces scarring and improves heart function post-acute myocardial infarction in the pig. | cell therapy for myocardial repair is one of the most intensely investigated strategies for treating acute myocardial infarction (mi). the aim of the present study was to determine whether low-level laser therapy (lllt) application to stem cells in the bone marrow (bm) could affect the infarcted porcine heart and reduce scarring following mi. | 2016 | 26741110 |
| establishment and characterization of porcine focal cerebral ischemic model induced by endothelin-1. | due to well-developed circle of willis in pigs, it is technically challenging to make persistent focal ischemic stroke based on occlusion of cerebral arteries. endothelin-1 could cause a focal lesion by forcing transient but strong vasoconstriction in the circumscribed injected area. its use in porcine stroke model has drawn attention lately. however, all the porcine endothelin-1 induced models were euthanized soon after surgery. whether the brain lesion is persistent, and whether they could cau ... | 2016 | 27773792 |
| diaphragmatic hernia of the stomach with gastric rupture in a domestic pig. | a 5.5-mo-old castrated, male red duroc pig presented acutely with depression and abdominal pain 9 d after an altercation with another pig. a ct examination indicated right pneumothorax and herniation of the stomach into the thoracic cavity. due to a poor prognosis, the pig was euthanized. a necropsy and gross examination revealed a tear of the diaphragmatic muscle in the region of the esophageal hiatus through which the stomach was displaced into the right side of the thoracic cavity. in additio ... | 2016 | 27780007 |
| cardioprotective effects of intracoronary administration of 4-chlorodiazepam in small and large animal models of ischemia-reperfusion. | the translocator protein (tspo) of the mitochondrial membrane has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for mitigation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. administration of 4-chlorodiazepam (4-cld), a tspo ligand, has been shown to confer acute cardioprotective effects in small animals; however, long-term studies and studies in clinically-relevant large animal models are lacking. in the present study we investigated a potential cardioprotective effect of intracoronary administ ... | 2016 | 27643472 |
| reproductive ratio for the local spread of african swine fever in wild boars in the russian federation. | african swine fever (asf) has caused the swine industry of the russian federation substantial economic losses over the last 7 years, and the disease spread from there to a number of neighbouring countries. wild boar has been involved in the spread of the disease both at local and at transboundary levels. understanding asf dynamics in wild boars is prerequisite to preventing the spread and to designing and applying effective surveillance and control plans. the reproductive ratio (r0) is an epidem ... | 2016 | 25704269 |
| biosynthetic nanostructured cellulose patch for chest wall reconstruction: five-month follow-up in a porcine model. | ideal approaches and materials for reconstruction of large chest wall defects remain a topic of debate. we sought to explore the suitability of a reinforced nanostructured cellulose (nc) patch for chest wall reconstruction in an animal model. | 2017 | 27768401 |
| a usability comparison of laser suction handpieces for percutaneous nephrolithotomy. | the holmium laser has revolutionized the practice of minimally invasive endoscopy for kidney stones. recently, a novel, rigid handpiece for use in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) that couples the holmium laser with suction has been developed. to date, limited data exist regarding the usability and ergonomics of such treatment systems. we thus sought to compare surgeon-rated usability with three different suction laser handpieces in a porcine model. | 2016 | 27758119 |
| biological effect on restenosis and vascular healing of encapsulated paclitaxel nanocrystals delivered via coated balloon technology in the familial hypercholesterolaemic swine model of in-stent restenosis. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological efficacy of a novel lower-dose (2.5 µg/mm2) encapsulated paclitaxel nanocrystal-coated balloon (nano-pcb) in the familial hypercholesterolaemic swine (fhs) model of iliofemoral in-stent restenosis. | 2016 | 27753601 |
| osteoblast-like cells with different embryologic origins behave differently in increasing zoledronic acid concentrations: a pilot study in pigs. | we compared the intraindividual effects of increasing zoledronic acid (za) concentrations on osteoblast-like cells with different embryologic origins. | 2017 | 27720655 |
| frequency of vascular inflammation and impact on neointimal proliferation of drug eluting stents in porcine coronary arteries. | we aimed to describe the frequency of vascular inflammatory reactions with second generation drug eluting stents (des) compared to first generation des, and analyze the impact on inflammation and neointimal proliferation in a porcine coronary model. | 2016 | 27713606 |
| minimally invasive beat-by-beat monitoring of cardiac power in normal hearts and during acute ventricular dysfunction. | cardiac power, the product of aortic flow and blood pressure, appears to be a fundamental cardiovascular parameter. the simplified version named cardiac power output (cpo), calculated as the product of cardiac output (co) in l/min and mean arterial pressure (map) in mmhg divided by 451, has shown great ability to predict outcome in a broad spectrum of cardiac disease. beat-by-beat evaluation of cardiac power (pwr) therefore appears to be a possibly valuable addition when monitoring circulatory u ... | 2016 | 27702881 |
| flexible growing rods: a biomechanical pilot study of polymer rod constructs in the stability of skeletally immature spines. | surgical treatments for early onset scoliosis (eos) correct curvatures and improve respiratory function but involve many complications. a distractible, or 'growing rod,' implant construct that is more flexible than current metal rod systems may sufficiently correct curves in small children and reduce complications due to biomechanical factors. the purpose of this pilot study was to determine ranges of motion (rom) after implantation of simulated growing rod constructs with a range of clinically ... | 2016 | 27689140 |
| feasibility of electromagnetically guided transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure. | to develop an electromagnetic navigation technology for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) creation and translate it from phantom to an in-vivo large animal setting. | 2017 | 27686414 |
| hyperpolarized13c,15n2-urea mri for assessment of the urea gradient in the porcine kidney. | a decline in cortico-medullary osmolality gradient of the kidney may serve as an early indicator of pathological disruption of the tubular reabsorption process. the purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of hyperpolarized13c,15n2-urea mri as a biomarker of renal function in healthy porcine kidneys resembling the human physiology. | 2016 | 27670826 |
| comparison of microchip transponder and noncontact infrared thermometry with rectal thermometry in domestic swine (sus scrofa domestica). | during disease outbreaks, core temperature is a useful health metric in swine, due to the presence of pyrexia especially during the acute phase of infection. despite technologic advances in other facets of swine production and health management, rectal thermometry continues to be the 'gold standard' for measuring core body temperature. however, for various reasons, collecting rectal temperatures can be difficult and unsafe depending on the housing modality. in addition, the delay between inserti ... | 2016 | 27657715 |
| the effect of long-term amiodarone administration on myocardial fibrosis and evolution of left ventricular remodeling in a porcine model of ischemic cardiomyopathy. | amiodarone is effective in suppressing arrhythmias in heart failure patients. we investigated the effect of long-term amiodarone administration on myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular (lv) remodeling in a porcine model of ischemic cardiomyopathy. eighteen infarcted farm pigs were randomized to receive long-term amiodarone administration for 3 months (n = 9) or conventional follow-up (n = 9). evolution of lv remodeling over 3 months post-myocardial infarction was examined at tissue level (myo ... | 2016 | 27652141 |
| the 'heritability' of domestication and its functional partitioning in the pig. | we propose to estimate the proportion of variance explained by regression on genome-wide markers (or genomic heritability) when wild/domestic status is considered the phenotype of interest. this approach differs from the standard fst in that it can accommodate genetic similarity between individuals in a general form. we apply this strategy to complete genome data from 47 wild and domestic pigs from asia and europe. when we partitioned the total genomic variance into components associated to subs ... | 2017 | 27649617 |
| prevalence and consequences of chromosomal abnormalities in canadian commercial swine herds. | structural chromosome abnormalities are well known as factors that reduce fertility rate in domestic pigs. according to large-scale national cytogenetic screening programs that are implemented in france, it is estimated that new chromosome abnormalities occur at a rate of 0.5 % in fertility-unproven boars. | 2016 | 27620715 |
| a simulation model to determine sensitivity and timeliness of surveillance strategies. | animal surveillance systems need regular evaluation. we developed an easily applicable simulation model of the german wild boar population to investigate two evaluation attributes: the sensitivity and timeliness (i.e. the ability to detect a disease outbreak rapidly) of a surveillance system. classical swine fever (csf) was used as an example for the model. csf is an infectious disease that may lead to massive economic losses. it can affect wild boar as well as domestic pigs, and csf outbreaks i ... | 2017 | 27619421 |
| simulating the epidemiological and economic effects of an african swine fever epidemic in industrialized swine populations. | african swine fever (asf) is a notifiable infectious disease with a considerable impact on animal health and is currently one of the most important emerging diseases of domestic pigs. asf was introduced into georgia in 2007 and subsequently spread to the russian federation and several eastern european countries. consequently, there is a non-negligible risk of asf spread towards western europe. therefore it is important to develop tools to improve our understanding of the spread and control of as ... | 2016 | 27599924 |
| a cartographic tool for managing african swine fever in eurasia: mapping wild boar distribution based on the quality of available habitats. | the current african swine fever (asf) epidemic in eurasia represents a risk for the swine industry with devastating socio-economic and political consequences. wild boar appears to be a key factor in maintaining the disease in endemic areas (mainly the russian federation) and spreading the disease across borders, including within the european union. to help predict and interpret the dynamics of asf infection, we developed a standardized distribution map based on global land cover vegetation (glob ... | 2017 | 27596983 |
| feasibility of three-dimensional placement of human therapeutic stem cells using the intracerebral microinjection instrument. | the ability to safely place viable intracerebral grafts of human-derived therapeutic stem cells in three-dimensional (3d) space was assessed in a porcine model of human stereotactic surgery using the intracerebral microinjection instrument (imi) compared to a conventional straight cannula. | 2016 | 27593216 |
| urinary bladder matrix scaffolds strengthen esophageal hiatus repair. | laparoscopic repair of the hiatal hernia is associated with a recurrence rate between 12% and 42% depending on the defect size. although the impact of hiatal reinforcement on long-term recurrence remains controversial, the main limitation of this approach has been the risk of adverse events related with the use of synthetic materials in the vicinity of the esophagus. | 2016 | 27565070 |
| influence of on-farm pig salmonella status on salmonella shedding at slaughter. | the risk of salmonella shedding among pigs at slaughter with regard to their previous on-farm salmonella status was assessed in a group of pigs from a farm from ne of spain. a total of 202 pigs that had been serologically monitored monthly during the fattening period and from which mesenteric lymph nodes (mln) and faecal (sfec) samples were collected at slaughter for salmonella isolation were included. a repeated-measures anova was used to assess the relationship between mean od% values during t ... | 2017 | 27549508 |
| periconceptional undernutrition affects in utero methyltransferase expression and steroid hormone concentrations in uterine flushings and blood plasma during the peri-implantation period in domestic pigs. | female undernutrition during early pregnancy may affect the physiological pattern of genomic dna methylation. we hypothesised that in utero dna methylation may be impaired in females fed a restrictive diet in early pregnancy. in this study we evaluated whether poor maternal nutritional status, induced by applying a restricted diet during the peri-conceptional period, may influence: (1) the potential for in utero dna methylation, expressed as changes in the mrna expression and protein abundance o ... | 2017 | 27534526 |
| an experimental comparative study on classic tube thoracostomy and thoracostomy with a newly designed thorax drainage catheter. | the collection of fluids, blood, pus, or air in the pleural cavity is a pathological condition requiring pleural drainage. a newly designed thorax drainage catheter in the prototype phase was used in this experimental study to test its efficacy. | 2016 | 27511340 |