| [influenza a, will it keep on mutating?]. | | 2016 | 22197172 |
| drb1*12:01 presents a unique subset of epitopes by preferring aromatics in pocket 9. | this study characterized the unique peptide-binding characteristics of hla-drb1*12:01 (dr1201), an allele studied in the context of various autoimmune diseases, using a peptide competition assay and structural modeling. after defining influenza a/puerto rico/8/34 matrix protein m1 (h1mp) 40-54 as a dr1201 restricted epitope, the critical anchor residues within this sequence were confirmed by measuring the relative binding of peptides with non-conservative substitutions in competition with biotin ... | 2012 | 22196942 |
| the use of masks and respirators to prevent transmission of influenza: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. | there are limited data on the use of masks and respirators to reduce transmission of influenza. a systematic review was undertaken to help inform pandemic influenza guidance in the united kingdom. the initial review was performed in november 2009 and updated in june 2010 and january 2011. inclusion criteria included randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental and observational studies of humans published in english with an outcome of laboratory-confirmed or clinically-diagnosed influenza ... | 2012 | 22188875 |
| recent progress in computational approaches to studying the m2 proton channel and its implication to drug design against influenza viruses. | for quite a long period of time in history, many intense efforts have been made to determine the 3d (three-dimensional) structure of the m2 proton channel. the reason why the m2 proton channel has attracted so many attentions is because (1) it is the key for really understanding the life cycle of influenza viruses, and (2) it is indispensable for conducting rational drug design against the flu viruses. recently, the long-sough 3d structures of the m2 proton channels for both influenza a and b vi ... | 2012 | 22182249 |
| shifting of immune responsiveness to house dust mite by influenza a infection: genomic insights. | respiratory viral infections have been associated with an increased incidence of allergic asthma. however, the mechanisms by which respiratory infections facilitate allergic airway disease are incompletely understood. we previously showed that exposure to a low dose of house dust mite (hdm) resulted in enhanced hdm-mediated allergic airway inflammation, and, importantly, marked airway hyperreactivity only when allergen exposure occurred during an acute influenza a infection. in this study, we ev ... | 2012 | 22174454 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the non-structural (ns) gene of influenza a viruses isolated in kazakhstan in 2002-2009. | although the important role of the non-structural (ns1 and nep) gene of influenza a in virulence of the virus is well established, our knowledge about the extent of variation in the ns gene pool of influenza a viruses in their natural reservoirs in kazakhstan is incomplete. 17 influenza a viruses of different subtypes were studied in this paper. seven types of haemagglutinin and five different neuraminidase subtypes in eight combinations were found among the isolated viruses. a comparison of nuc ... | 2011 | 22160937 |
| does history repeat itself? wavelets and the phylodynamics of influenza a. | unprecedented global surveillance of viruses will result in massive sequence data sets that require new statistical methods. these data sets press the limits of bayesian phylogenetics as the high-dimensional parameters that comprise a phylogenetic tree increase the already sizable computational burden of these techniques. this burden often results in partitioning the data set, for example, by gene, and inferring the evolutionary dynamics of each partition independently, a compromise that results ... | 2012 | 22160768 |
| respiratory viruses transmission from children to adults within a household. | the aim of this study was to examine the rate of transmission of influenza and other respiratory viruses from children attending an emergency department to their family members in the household using active surveillance. | 2012 | 22119589 |
| oseltamivir, an influenza neuraminidase inhibitor drug, does not affect the steady-state pharmacokinetic characteristics of cyclosporine, mycophenolate, or tacrolimus in adult renal transplant patients. | an influenza neuraminidase inhibitor drug, oseltamivir (os) may be prescribed to renal transplant patients to prevent and treat influenza a and b illness. a pharmacokinetic (pk) interaction between os and immunosuppressive drugs might adversely affect the efficacy and/or toxicity of the latter agents. this study was conducted to determine whether adverse symptoms and acute drug interactions occur during their coadministration. | 2011 | 22105586 |
| estimating pandemic vaccine effectiveness in two italian regions using the screening method, 2009-2010. | the objective of this study, conducted within the i-move project, was to estimate pandemic ve against laboratory confirmed cases in two italian regions using the screening method. we calculated vaccine coverage using the number of first doses of pandemic vaccine administered and demographic data. a case was defined as a patient who was swabbed from week 44 of 2009 to week 3 of 2010 and who tested positive for a/h1n1v using rt-pcr. a case was considered vaccinated against influenza a/h1n1v if she ... | 2012 | 22100893 |
| 2009 influenza a in infants hospitalized at younger than 6 months. | to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of infants hospitalized at <6 months of age with 2009 influenza a infection. | 2012 | 22099687 |
| comparing three basic models for seasonal influenza. | in this paper we report the use of the open source spatiotemporal epidemiological modeler (stem, www.eclipse.org/stem) to compare three basic models for seasonal influenza transmission. the models are designed to test for possible differences between the seasonal transmission of influenza a and b. model 1 assumes that the seasonality and magnitude of transmission do not vary between influenza a and b. model 2 assumes that the magnitude of seasonal forcing (i.e., the maximum transmissibility), bu ... | 2011 | 22094336 |
| immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a monovalent inactivated 2009 influenza a vaccine in adolescents: with special reference to pre-existing antibody. | to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza vaccine in japanese adolescents. | 2012 | 22094234 |
| structural investigation of rimantadine inhibition of the am2-bm2 chimera channel of influenza viruses. | the m2 channel of influenza a is a target of the adamantane family antiviral drugs. two different drug-binding sites have been reported: one inside the pore, and the other is a lipid-facing pocket. a previous study showed that a chimera of m2 variants from influenza a and b that contains only the pore-binding site is sensitive to amantadine inhibition, suggesting that the primary site of inhibition is inside the pore. to obtain atomic details of channel-drug interaction, we determined the struct ... | 2011 | 22078564 |
| h1n1v at a seroepidemiological glance: is the nightmare over? | when the second wave of pandemic influenza a h1n1v 2009 (h1n1v) emerged in the winter of 2010/2011, public health authorities were afraid of dangerous implications and severe clinical courses again. as further h1n1v waves might appear, achievement of sufficient herd immunity is a matter of urgency. the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against h1n1v by hemagglutination-inhibition test (hi) after the second wave. we compared our recent findings with our dat ... | 2012 | 22065279 |
| pandemic a/h1n1v influenza 2009 in hospitalized children: a multicenter belgian survey. | during the 2009 influenza a/h1n1v pandemic, children were identified as a specific "at risk" group. we conducted a multicentric study to describe pattern of influenza a/h1n1v infection among hospitalized children in brussels, belgium. | 2011 | 22060843 |
| pandemic influenza a-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy without neurologic sequelae. | we describe an 8-year-old girl with the mildest form of acute necrotizing encephalopathy, associated with pandemic influenza a. she manifested a convulsion engendering deterioration of consciousness, although cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging within 4 hours after the convulsion revealed no abnormalities. cranial magnetic resonance imaging 20 hours after the convulsion revealed lesions of the thalamus bilaterally, brainstem tegmentum, internal capsule, and white matter. s ... | 2011 | 22000319 |
| oseltamivir shortens hospital stays of critically ill children hospitalized with seasonal influenza: a retrospective cohort study. | antiviral therapy reduces symptom duration and hospitalization risk among previously healthy and chronically ill children infected with seasonal influenza. the effect of oseltamivir on outcomes of hospitalized children is unknown. the primary objective of this study was to determine whether oseltamivir improves outcomes of critically ill children hospitalized with influenza. | 2011 | 21997661 |
| post-tsunami outbreaks of influenza in evacuation centers in miyagi prefecture, japan. | we describe 2 post-tsunami outbreaks of influenza a in evacuation centers in miyagi prefecture, japan, in 2011. although containment of the outbreak was challenging in the evacuation settings, prompt implementation of a systemic approach with a bundle of control measures was important to control the influenza outbreaks. | 2012 | 21976468 |
| single virus and nanoparticle size spectrometry by whispering-gallery-mode microcavities. | detecting and characterizing single nanoparticles and airborne viruses are of paramount importance for disease control and diagnosis, for environmental monitoring, and for understanding size dependent properties of nanoparticles for developing innovative products. although single particle and virus detection have been demonstrated in various platforms, single-shot size measurement of each detected particle has remained a significant challenge. here, we present a nanoparticle size spectrometry sc ... | 2011 | 21934982 |
| influenza transmission during a one-year period (2009-2010) in a sahelian city: low temperature plays a major role. | this work aimed at studying the link between some climatic factors and the occurrence of influenza in niamey, niger. patients with influenza like illness or severe acute respiratory illness were recruited through a sentinel network. a nasopharyngeal swab was sampled and tested for influenza viruses a and b by rt-pcr. time series of daily counts of influenza cases and climatic factors were linked using a generalized additive model. among the 320 patients recruited, 76 were confirmed positive for ... | 2012 | 21933356 |
| atypical immunologic response in a patient with crim-negative pompe disease. | we report the clinical course of a patient with severe infantile onset pompe disease [cross-reactive immunologic material (crim) negative, r854x/r854x] who was diagnosed prenatally and received standard dosing of alglucosidase alfa (myozyme®) enzyme replacement therapy (ert) from day 10 of life until she passed away at the age of 3 years 9 months. in the immediate neonatal period there was cardiomegaly on chest x-ray, cardiac hypertrophy by echocardiogram, and development of a wide complex tachy ... | 2011 | 21889385 |
| pandemic influenza: a never-ending story. | a novel pandemic influenza emerged in 2009, something that hasn't been seen since 1977. the following issues will be introduced and discussed in this review: the history of influenza pandemics, the emergence of the novel pandemic influenza of 2009, epidemics in the southern and northern hemispheres after the recognition of index cases in the united states, mortality, viral characteristics, prevention in the household setting, clinical aspects, diagnosis, treatment and immunization. some question ... | 2011 | 24031128 |
| influenza a presenting as viral encephalitis in an adult. | in adults, influenza a may be accompanied by a variety of neurological findings. influenza-associated encephalitis (iae) is rare in adults, and usually follows influenza a after 2 days. in patients with influenza who later develop encephalitis, the diagnosis of iae is relatively straightforward. we present a rare case of iae in an adult who presented with viral encephalitis that was later attributed to antecedent influenza a. | 2012 | 21831435 |
| detection of respiratory viruses on air filters from aircraft. | to evaluate the feasibility of identifying viruses from aircraft cabin air, we evaluated whether respiratory viruses trapped by commercial aircraft air filters can be extracted and detected using a multiplex pcr, bead-based assay. | 2011 | 21707676 |
| reduction in the incidence of influenza a but not influenza b associated with use of hand sanitizer and cough hygiene in schools: a randomized controlled trial. | laboratory-based evidence is lacking regarding the efficacy of nonpharmaceutical interventions (npis) such as alcohol-based hand sanitizer and respiratory hygiene to reduce the spread of influenza. | 2011 | 21691245 |
| oseltamivir use in low-birth weight infants during the 2009 nh1n1 influenza a outbreak in the western cape, south africa. | before vaccination against nh1n1 influenza was available in south africa our hospital experienced an outbreak of nh1n1 infection on the maternal and neonatal platform. oseltamivir was administered to nine low birth weight infants, five for therapy and four for prophylaxis. the median gestational age was 31 (27-37) weeks and the birth weight was 1660 (720-2360) g. respiratory function improved in those with confirmed disease and none receiving prophylaxis developed worsening respiratory symptoms. ... | 2012 | 21653546 |
| admission diagnoses of children 0-16 years of age hospitalized with influenza. | the prompt diagnosis of influenza enables the institution of antiviral therapy and adequate cohorting of patients, but scarce data are available to help clinicians correctly suspect influenza in children at the time of admission. this 16-year retrospective study assessed the main admission diagnoses of 401 children aged ≤16 years hospitalized with virologically confirmed influenza. the clinical data were derived from a systematic review of the medical records of the children. sepsis-like illness ... | 2012 | 21643867 |
| parainfluenza virus infections in children with hematologic malignancies. | parainfluenza virus (piv) infections are an important cause of morbidity in children with upper or lower respiratory tract infection (urti and lrti, respectively). however, the epidemiology of piv infections in children with cancer has not been well studied. | 2011 | 21540759 |
| what's new in respiratory infections and tuberculosis 2008-2010. | over the past few years there have been an increasing number of research articles published in thorax on respiratory tract infections (including tuberculosis) affecting children and adults. although these articles cover a wide variety of areas, several broad themes can be discerned. these include greater interest in viral respiratory infections (partially stimulated by the recent influenza a pandemic), improved characterisation of who is at risk of community-acquired pneumonia and mycobacterial ... | 2012 | 21502098 |
| impaired tumor antigen processing by immunoproteasome-expressing cd40-activated b cells and dendritic cells. | professional apcs, such as dendritic cells, are routinely used in vitro for the generation of cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for tumor antigens. in addition to dendritic cells, cd40-activated b cells and variant k562 leukemic cells can be readily transfected with nucleic acids for in vitro and in vivo antigen presentation. however, the expression of immunoproteasome components in dendritic cells may preclude display of tumor antigens such as mart1/melana. here, we use three target epitopes, tw ... | 2011 | 21400024 |
| antigen-specific adaptive immune responses in fingolimod-treated multiple sclerosis patients. | t cells exit secondary lymphoid organs along a sphingosine1-phosphate (s1p) gradient and, accordingly, are reduced in blood upon fingolimod-mediated s1p-receptor (s1pr)-blockade. serving as a model of adaptive immunity, we characterized cellular and humoral immune responses to influenza vaccine in fingolimod-treated patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) and in untreated healthy controls. although the mode of action of fingolimod might predict reduced immunity, vaccine-triggered t cells accumulat ... | 2011 | 21387383 |
| a review of mathematical models of influenza a infections within a host or cell culture: lessons learned and challenges ahead. | most mathematical models used to study the dynamics of influenza a have thus far focused on the between-host population level, with the aim to inform public health decisions regarding issues such as drug and social distancing intervention strategies, antiviral stockpiling or vaccine distribution. here, we investigate mathematical modeling of influenza infection spread at a different scale; namely that occurring within an individual host or a cell culture. we review the models that have been deve ... | 2011 | 21356136 |
| pandemic influenza: implications for preparation and delivery of critical care services. | in a 5-week span during the 1918 influenza a pandemic, more than 2000 patients were admitted to cook county hospital in chicago, with a diagnosis of either influenza or pneumonia; 642 patients, approximately 31% of those admitted, died, with deaths occurring predominantly in patients of age 25 to 30 years. this review summarizes basic information on the biology, epidemiology, control, treatment and prevention of influenza overall, and then addresses the potential impact of pandemic influenza in ... | 2017 | 21220275 |
| efficacy and safety of cvt-e002, a proprietary extract of panax quinquefolius in the prevention of respiratory infections in influenza-vaccinated community-dwelling adults: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. | cvt-e002 (a proprietary extract) was found to be effective in the prevention of upper respiratory infections (uris) in healthy adults, and institutionalized and community-dwelling seniors. a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out to determine effects of cvt-e002 in the prevention of uris in influenza-vaccinated community-dwelling adults. 783 community-dwelling adults were randomized to receive placebo, 400 mg or 800 mg treatment/d (1 : 1 : 1) for 6 months ... | 2011 | 23074661 |
| facial variant of guillain-barré syndrome in a patient, days after being vaccinated for influenza a. | | 2011 | 21163237 |
| successful use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for ph1n1-induced refractory hypoxemia in a child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. | to report the first successful use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to 2009 ph1n1 influenza a infection in a child status post the fontan operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. | 2011 | 21116209 |
| improvement in long-term ecmo by detailed monitoring of anticoagulation: a case report. | the use of unfractionated heparin (ufh) as an anticoagulant during long-term extracorporeal support presents a unique challenge for the clinician in balancing the amount of anticoagulant to maintain adequate anticoagulation without causing excessive bleeding. activated clotting times (act) and activated partial thromboplastin times (aptt) are the most common modality to monitor ufh on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo). limitations to these tests include consumptive coagulopathies, clott ... | 2011 | 21057061 |
| diffusion-influenced transport of ions across a transmembrane channel with an internal binding site. | we develop a microscopic theory for ion transport across a transmembrane channel with an internal binding site. the ion flux is determined by the rate constants for binding to the internal site from the two sides of the membrane and the corresponding unbinding rate constants. the binding rate constants are formulated in terms of diffusion-influenced reactions. the theory allows a reconciliation of experimental data on the conductance of the influenza a m2 proton channel with the structure and dy ... | 2010 | 20625440 |
| computer-assisted resilience training to prepare healthcare workers for pandemic influenza: a randomized trial of the optimal dose of training. | working in a hospital during an extraordinary infectious disease outbreak can cause significant stress and contribute to healthcare workers choosing to reduce patient contact. psychological training of healthcare workers prior to an influenza pandemic may reduce stress-related absenteeism, however, established training methods that change behavior and attitudes are too resource-intensive for widespread use. this study tests the feasibility and effectiveness of a less expensive alternative - an i ... | 2010 | 20307302 |
| human bocavirus infections in hospitalized greek children. | the epidemiology of human bocavirus (hbov) infections has not been described in greece, a south-eastern european country. to define the epidemiological profile and the clinical characteristics associated with hbov infection in a population of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection. | 2010 | 22371728 |
| immunization updates and challenges. | childhood vaccination recommendations in the united states have increased throughout the years. many providers, patients, and families are overwhelmed and have concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccines. various barriers and challenges exist for healthcare providers to successfully implement the vaccination recommendations. this review will discuss the 2009 and newly released 2010 immunization recommendations, as well as challenges and strategies to improve vaccination in children an ... | 2010 | 20125025 |
| [research progress of neuraminidase inhibitors for anti-influenza]. | influenza is a global contagious disease, which causes hundreds of thousands of people deaths. and new subtype of influenza may cause pandemic influenza, and lead to more serious consequence. drugs for anti-influenza have played very important roles in influenza treatment and prevention, especially neuraminidase inhibitors are effective on both influenza a and b which have more safety and tolerance, therefore they have been widely used for influenza treatment. however, several viral drug-resista ... | 2009 | 20055166 |
| reuse, recycle, reweigh: combating influenza through efficient sequential bayesian computation for massive data. | massive datasets in the gigabyte and terabyte range combined with the availability of increasingly sophisticated statistical tools yield analyses at the boundary of what is computationally feasible. compromising in the face of this computational burden by partitioning the dataset into more tractable sizes results in stratified analyses, removed from the context that justified the initial data collection. in a bayesian framework, these stratified analyses generate intermediate realizations, often ... | 2017 | 26681992 |
| [a case of non-herpetic acute limbic encephalitis associated with influenza a infection]. | | 2010 | 23858615 |
| the influenza-a mystery: insight from bioinformatics resources and analysis. | | 2009 | 20011154 |
| moebius syndrome associated with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. | the authors present a newborn infant from the second pregnancy whose mother experienced influenza a infection in the first trimester. the birth was at term without complications, but 11 hours later, cyanosis and tachypnoe developed. the final diagnosis was hypoplastic left heart syndrome with simultaneous moebius syndrome. in conclusion the authors indicate that echocardiography is of great importance in the diagnosis of this complex heart disease as it helps to analyze in detail the options in ... | 2009 | 19634579 |
| antibody response to influenza vaccine in coronary artery disease: a substudy of the flucad study. | influenza vaccination is recommended for patients with cardiovascular diseases. the main reason for the low vaccination rates in such patients is insufficient knowledge about vaccination efficacy, including immune response to the vaccine. the aim of this study was to assess humoral response to influenza vaccination in patients with coronary artery disease. | 2009 | 19564837 |
| high-resolution solid-state nmr of anisotropically mobile molecules under very low-power (1)h decoupling and moderate magic-angle spinning. | we show that for observing high-resolution heteronuclear nmr spectra of anisotropically mobile systems with order parameters less than 0.25, moderate magic-angle spinning (mas) rates of approximately 11khz combined with (1)h decoupling at 1-2khz are sufficient. broadband decoupling at this low (1)h nutation frequency is achieved by composite pulse sequences such as waltz-16. we demonstrate this moderate mas low-power decoupling technique on hydrated popc lipid membranes, and show that 1khz (1)h ... | 2009 | 19501003 |
| steric effects and mass-transfer limitations surrounding amplification reactions on immobilized long and clinically relevant dna templates. | dna and rna are commonly captured on solid substrates during purification and isolation, where they can be transferred to downstream amplification and transcription reactions. when compared to the solution phase, however, immobilized dna- and rna-directed reactions are less efficient because of a variety of complex factors. steric inhibition because of the bead surface and neighboring biological polymers, a change in solution chemistry because of the high local concentration of template molecule ... | 2009 | 19466779 |
| biodiversity informatics: automated approaches for documenting global biodiversity patterns and processes. | data about biodiversity have been scattered in different formats in natural history collections, survey reports and the literature. a central challenge for the biodiversity informatics community is to provide the means to share and rapidly synthesize these data and the knowledge they provide us to build an easily accessible, unified global map of biodiversity. such a map would provide raw and summary data and information on biodiversity and its change across the world at multiple scales. | 2009 | 19129210 |
| myositis, rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome complicating influenza a in a child. | a previously fit and healthy 8-year-old boy died following severe complications of influenza a. he developed lethargy and vomiting before presentation. on presentation to medical attention, on day 4 of his illness, he was in extremis and had extensive myositis, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure and compartment syndrome, which were resistant to supportive medical management. | 2009 | 22180756 |
| distribution and dynamics of adamantanes in a lipid bilayer. | the adamantanes are a class of compounds that have found use in the treatment of influenza a and parkinson's disease, among others. the mode of action for influenza a is based on the adamantanes' interaction with the transmembrane m2 channel, whereas the treatment of parkinson's disease is thought to relate to a channel block of n-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. an understanding of how these compounds interact with the lipid bilayer is thus of great interest. we used molecular-dynamics simulations ... | 2008 | 18835906 |
| cardiac tamponade and heart failure as a presentation of influenza. | a case of influenza a myopericarditis is presented in a patient with cardiac tamponade and immunomediated cardiac failure. myocarditis is a rare and potentially lethal complication of infection with influenza a, and may manifest with a wide spectrum of cardiac involvement, from mild myocarditis to cardiogenic shock. even with full supportive therapy, mortality is significant, and normalization of left ventricular function may occur in up to 50% of cases. in the present report, previous literatur ... | 2007 | 18651009 |
| successful management of influenza a associated fulminant myocarditis: mobile circulatory support in intensive care unit: a case report. | a 26-year-old woman was referred to an emergency department because of common flu-like syndrome with hemodynamic collapse. in intensive care unit (icu), she was diagnosed as a probable septic shock. but despite treatment her condition rapidly deteriorated during the subsequent hours. diagnosis of cardiogenic shock was established. mechanical circulatory support was inserted into the patient. she was transferred in a cardio-vascular surgical icu where at the 5th day of mechanical circulatory supp ... | 2008 | 18638393 |
| expression of mxa mrna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in parkinson's disease. | one of the clinical features in the patients with parkinson's disease (pd) is an apparent low incidence of colds. mxa protein is an interferon-induced protein which inhibits influenza a viral infection. mxa protein has been found in association with lewy bodies in neurons in pd patients' brains. we performed a semiquantitative mrna analysis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using specific primers for mxa protein. when the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were incubated ... | 1999 | 18591118 |
| zanamivir for the prevention of influenza in adults and children age 5 years and older. | on a yearly basis there are 3-5 million severe cases and 250,000-500,000 deaths worldwide attributed to influenza. four antiviral medications are currently available on the market; however, resistance has resulted in the armamentarium being shrunk to two remaining active treatment options for influenza. these two neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir and zanamivir, are recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza a and b in children and adults. zanamivir, which is the focus of this ... | 2007 | 18488077 |
| effects of a traditional taiji/qigong curriculum on older adults' immune response to influenza vaccine. | previous studies have suggested that taiji (t'ai chi) practice may improve immune function. the current study examined whether 5 months of moderate traditional taiji and qigong (tq) practice could improve the immune response to influenza vaccine in older adults. fifty older adults participated in this study. baseline pre-vaccine blood samples were collected. subjects received the 2003-2004 influenza vaccine during the 1st week of the intervention. post-vaccine blood samples were collected 3, 6 a ... | 2008 | 18487887 |
| use of antiviral prophylaxis in influenza outbreaks in long term care facilities. | influenza is a major cause of illness and death in residents of long term care facilities for the elderly, in part because residents' age and underlying illness increase the risk of serious complications, and in part because institutional living increases the risk of influenza outbreaks. the administration of antiviral medications active against influenza to persons exposed to influenza has been shown to protect them effectively from illness, and mass antiviral prophylaxis of residents is an eff ... | 2000 | 18159289 |
| it's not just about the mask. | occupational health and infection prevention and control should utilize both the precautionary principal and the scientific literature to ensure staff safety during an influenza pandemic. the literature indicates that n95 respirators should be used whenever the mode of transmission is not clearly understood. however, focusing just on the type of respiratory protection while necessary is not sufficient. a multi-pronged approach to staff safety should be used when planning for an influenza pandemi ... | 2007 | 18030034 |
| sirolimus in chronic allograft nephropathy in pediatric recipients. | can is a common cause of late graft loss. nephrotoxicity due to cnis is known to contribute to can. we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of srl in pediatric renal tx recipients showing can in their allograft biopsy. twenty-one patients aged 10.4 +/- 4.6 yr at tx time receiving cnis as primary immunosuppression were converted to srl at 58.9 +/- 49.1 months after tx, due to progressive decline of renal function and biopsy proven can. mean follow-up after switch was 19.7 +/- 9.5 mon ... | 2007 | 17910656 |
| immunogenicity and safety of intradermal influenza immunization at a reduced dose in healthy children. | we conducted this study to test the hypothesis that intradermal influenza vaccination at one fifth of a standard dose elicits comparable immunogenicity to full-dose intramuscular vaccination in children. | 2007 | 17545373 |
| clinical benefits with oseltamivir in treating influenza in adult populations : results of a pooled and subgroup analysis. | influenza is a potentially life-threatening illness that affects approximately 10% of the population annually, with resulting personal misery and societal disruption. oseltamivir is a novel influenza treatment that has been extensively investigated. we describe a series of retrospective analyses investigating various measures of clinical efficacy across different populations of influenza-infected patients enrolled in studies of oseltamivir (tamiflu((r))) that were conducted within the clinical d ... | 2003 | 17535069 |
| effect of different temperatures on the stability of avian influenza reference reagents. | the production and supply of reference reagents for the diagnosis of avian influenza (ai) is one of the duties of the world organization for animal health reference laboratories. the lyophilized reagents are routinely shipped on dry ice to both national and international clients. in order to determine the effect of different short-term storage temperatures on the activity of ai reference reagents, vials containing lyophilized avian influenza a antigens and antisera preparations were maintained a ... | 2007 | 17494585 |
| similarity in pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate in japanese and caucasian subjects. | the pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate in healthy japanese (n = 14) and caucasian (n = 14) males were compared. subjects in each ethnic group were randomized to twice-daily oral oseltamivir 75 mg, 150 mg, or placebo for 13 doses. oseltamivir was well tolerated across doses and ethnic groups. oseltamivir was rapidly absorbed and hydrolyzed to oseltamivir carboxylate in all subjects. the mean plasma concentration-time profiles for oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate we ... | 2007 | 17456583 |
| a generalized born implicit-membrane representation compared to experimental insertion free energies. | an implicit-membrane representation based on the generalized born theory of solvation has been developed. the method was parameterized against the water-to-cyclohexane insertion free energies of hydrophobic side-chain analogs. subsequently, the membrane was compared with experimental data from translocon inserted polypeptides and validated by comparison with an independent dataset of six membrane-associated peptides and eight integral membrane proteins of known structure and orientation. compari ... | 2007 | 17218457 |
| structure, dynamics and topology of membrane polypeptides by oriented 2h solid-state nmr spectroscopy. | knowledge of the structure, dynamics and interactions of polypeptides when associated with phospholipid bilayers is key to understanding the functional mechanisms of channels, antibiotics, signal- or translocation peptides. solid-state nmr spectroscopy on samples uniaxially aligned relative to the magnetic field direction offers means to determine the alignment of polypeptide bonds and domains relative to the bilayer normal. using this approach the (15)n chemical shift of amide bonds provides a ... | 2007 | 17180622 |
| the 'co-delivery' approach to liposomal vaccines: application to the development of influenza-a and hepatitis-b vaccine candidates. | dna vaccination with mammalian-expressible plasmid dna encoding protein antigens is known to be an effective means to elicit cell-mediated immunity, sometimes in the absence of a significant antibody response. this may be contrasted with protein vaccination, which gives rise to antibody responses with little evidence of cell-mediated immunity. this has led to considerable interest in dna vaccination as a means to elicit cell-mediated immune responses against conserved viral antigens or intracell ... | 2006 | 16952877 |
| pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir in young and very elderly subjects. | pharmacokinetic studies of oseltamivir in very elderly patients (> or = 80 y) have not previously been performed. | 2006 | 16940405 |
| an object simulation model for modeling hypothetical disease epidemics - epiflex. | epiflex is a flexible, easy to use computer model for a single computer, intended to be operated by one user who need not be an expert. its purpose is to study in-silico the epidemic behavior of a wide variety of diseases, both known and theoretical, by simulating their spread at the level of individuals contracting and infecting others. to understand the system fully, this paper must be read together in conjunction with study of the software and its results. epiflex is evaluated using results f ... | 2006 | 16928271 |
| chinese medicinal herbs for influenza: a systematic review. | influenza is an acute respiratory communicable disease which can cause high morbidity and mortality in an epidemic. traditional chinese medicinal herbs following a particular theory may be a potential medicine of choice. | 2006 | 16566677 |
| bosentan therapy for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. | we performed an open-label multicenter study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (cteph). | 2005 | 16236895 |
| [recognition of the threats caused by infectious diseases in the netherlands in 2002 and 2003 by the weekly meetings of the early warning committee]. | to establish whether the meetings of the so-called 'early warning committee' recognise all the threats to the public health in the netherlands caused by infectious diseases. | 2005 | 16235803 |
| amantadine for traumatic brain injury: does it improve cognition and reduce agitation? | to review the available literature pertaining to amantadine as therapy for improving cognition and reducing agitation following a non-penetrating traumatic brain injury (tbi). | 2005 | 15811161 |
| a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of intestinal failure. | intestinal failure is most commonly treated by the administration of total parenteral nutrition (tpn). in some patients, however, surgical therapy may increase the ability to use the intestine for nutrition and thereby decrease the complications of tpn therapy. a multidisciplinary comprehensive intestinal failure program was initiated at the university of nebraska medical center in october 2000. here we describe the surgical approaches to patients with short bowel syndrome and the subsequent imp ... | 2005 | 15694812 |
| adverse effects of amantadine and oseltamivir used during respiratory outbreaks in a center for developmentally disabled adults. | antiviral prophylaxis is recommended for the control of institutional influenza a outbreaks. in long-term-care institutions other than nursing homes, neither the seriousness of influenza nor the risks and benefits of antiviral prophylaxis is clearly understood. we studied the severity of illness due to influenza among adults residing in a center for the developmentally disabled and assessed adverse reactions to amantadine and oseltamivir prophylaxis. | 2004 | 15566030 |
| specificity of neuraminidase activity from influenza viruses isolated in different hosts tested with novel substrates. | influenza a and b viruses isolated in vero and madin darby canine kidney (mdck) cells as well as in fertilised hen eggs were tested for the specificity of their neuraminidase (na) activity. novel glycoconjugates with variations of terminally bound sialic acid mimicking the three main receptor types for influenza viruses were synthesised. these new substrates together with the lectin from ricinus communis were used in a solid phase microtitre assay for the detection of na specificity. egg or mdck ... | 2004 | 15503202 |
| cd8+ t cells oligoclonally expanded in synovial fluid at onset of spondyloarthropathy selectively proliferate in response to self-antigens: characterization of cell specificities in nonclonal populations. | to characterize putative t cells responsible for the pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies (spa). | 2004 | 15468361 |
| validation of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for determination of rimantadine hydrochloride in rimantadin100 tablets and the method application to dissolution test monitoring. | a capillary zone electrophoretic method with indirect uv-detection for determination of rimantadine, an antiviral drug against influenza a, in tablets was validated. instrumental precision, the method precision, accuracy, calibration curve linearity, selectivity, robustness, and time stability of the sample and the standard were tested. the method was also applied to monitor dissolution tests of the tablets. the possibility of addition of an internal standard for improvement of the method precis ... | 2004 | 15089046 |
| influenza vaccination for the pediatric patient: a focus on the new intranasal, cold-adapted, live attenuated vaccine. | flumist is the first live attenuated, cold-adapted intranasal influenza vaccine (laiv) approved for the prevention of influenza a and b. clinical trials have shown that annual vaccination with laiv is effective for the prevention of influenza. laiv appears well tolerated in healthy patients 5-49 years of age. the most common adverse events are abdominal pain, chills, cough, diarrhea, headache, irritability, lethargy, muscle aches, otitis media, rhinitis, sinusitis, sore throat, and vomiting. flu ... | 2004 | 23118696 |
| influenza prophylaxis in the long-term care facility: a case-control study of the risk factors for adverse drug reactions to amantadine. | amantadine hydrochloride remains an inexpensive means of influenza a prophylaxis, but it is reported to have a high incidence of adverse drug reactions (adrs) in residents of long-term care facilities (ltcfs) compared with newer, more expensive drugs. | 2003 | 24944424 |
| lupane triterpenes and derivatives with antiviral activity. | betulin and betulinic acid have been modified at the c-3 and c-28 positions and the antiviral activity of derivatives has been evaluated in vitro. it was found that simple modifications of the parent structure of lupane triterpenes produced highly effective agents against influenza a and herpes simplex type 1 viruses. | 2003 | 14505668 |
| safety and immunoenhancing effect of a chlorella-derived dietary supplement in healthy adults undergoing influenza vaccination: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | enhancement of immune function has been claimed as a benefit of some natural health products, although few have been subjected to randomized clinical trials. we evaluated the effect of an oral dietary supplement derived from the edible microalga chlorella pyrenoidosa on immune response after influenza vaccination. | 2003 | 12874157 |
| why do older people not get immunised against influenza? a community survey. | many older people who would benefit from influenza vaccine do not get immunised. we carried out a postal questionnaire survey of people aged 65 years and over living in the community to explore views about influenza vaccine and identify ways of improving uptake. completed questionnaires were returned by 1468/2553 (57.5%). vaccine coverage for 1998-1999 season was 50.5% (95% confidence interval (ci) 47.9-53.1%). important predictor variables for non-uptake included absence of medical risk factors ... | 2003 | 12744874 |
| pkr is not required for interferon-gamma inhibition of vsv replication in neurons. | in this report, the contribution of pkr to the ifn-gamma mediated inhibition of vsv replication in neurons was examined. ifn-gamma treatment of nb41a3 murine neuroblastoma cells resulted in the reduced expression of vsv protein during infection. pkr was found to be modestly upregulated in nb41a3 cells following ifn-gamma treatment. the phosphorylation state of pkr and its downstream target, eif2alpha, were unaffected by either ifn-gamma or vsv infection. inhibition of pkr through the use of 2-am ... | 2003 | 12725691 |
| surveillance of influenza in europe from october 1999 to february 2000. | surveillance of influenza through eiss (european influenza surveillance scheme) during the 1999 to 2000 winter shows that influenza affected most of the 11 participating countries and was particularly active in december 1999 and january 2000. influenza a( | 2000 | 12631855 |
| hydrogen/deuterium exchange of hydrophobic peptides in model membranes by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | we demonstrate here that the hydrogen/deuterium solvent exchange (hdx) properties of the transmembrane fragment of the m2 protein of influenza a (m2-tm) incorporated into lipid vesicles or detergent micelles can be studied with straightforward electrospray (esi) and nanospray mass spectrometry (ms) configurations provided that key factors, including sample preparation techniques, are optimized. small unilamellar vesicle preparations were obtained by solubilizing dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine ( ... | 2002 | 12484457 |
| effects of prebiotics on the immune response to vaccination in the elderly. | prebiotics stimulate the growth of bifidogenic bacteria in the gut. the aim of this work was to assess the effects of a prebiotic mixture on the immune response in healthy elderly people. | 2017 | 12405649 |
| uniformity, ideality, and hydrogen bonds in transmembrane alpha-helices. | protein environments substantially influence the balance of molecular interactions that generate structural stability. transmembrane helices exist in the relatively uniform low dielectric interstices of the lipid bilayer, largely devoid of water and with a very hydrophobic distribution of amino acid residues. here, through an analysis of bacteriorhodopsin crystal structures and the transmembrane helix structure from m2 protein of influenza a, some helices are shown to be exceptionally uniform in ... | 2002 | 12324426 |
| influenza infection promotes macrophage traffic into arteries of mice that is prevented by d-4f, an apolipoprotein a-i mimetic peptide. | we reported that hdl loses its antiinflammatory properties during acute influenza a infection in mice, and we hypothesized that these changes might be associated with increased trafficking of macrophages into the artery wall. the present study tested this hypothesis. | 2002 | 12196340 |
| vaccines for pneumonia and new antiviral therapies. | influenza and pneumococcal diseases are preventable to a large extent. the health care financing agency of medicare and the joint commission on accreditation of healthcare organizations have made prevention of these two diseases a top priority. immunization should remain the primary tool for prevention. when influenza epidemics appear, practitioners should be aware that effective drugs are available to treat influenza a or b if given promptly after the onset of illness. | 2001 | 11680115 |
| stress and influenza viral infection: modulation of proinflammatory cytokine responses in the lung. | viral infection of the respiratory tract induces a complex series of cellular and molecular events leading to immunological responses designed to terminate viral replication. anti-viral immunity involves natural resistance mechanisms that overlap and modulate the development of the subsequent adaptive immune responses. an experimental murine infection with influenza a/pr8 virus was used to examine the effects of stress-induced activation of the nervous and endocrine systems on components of inna ... | 2001 | 11535264 |
| synthetic biomimetic supra molecular biovector (smbv) particles for nasal vaccine delivery. | for the optimal delivery of antigens to mucosal tissues, especially as nasal sprays, protein antigen alone is often not sufficient. a clear need for nasal delivery systems has therefore evolved, especially for influenza a vaccines. such technologies will be even more essential for new modern vaccines based on recombinant antigens. here we describe synthetic biomimetic supra molecular biovector (smbv) which have proven in preclinical and clinical evaluation to be suitable candidates for the deliv ... | 2001 | 11516783 |
| [influenza vaccination of healthy adults]. | a substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 21 june 1999. cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. | 2001 | 11360353 |
| fdg- and dopa-pet in postencephalitic parkinsonism. | we report a case of a 74-year old woman who following an acute virus encephalitis developed an akinetic-rigid parkinson syndrome with tremor, hypokinesia, hypomimia, rigidity and cogwheel phenomenon in all four extremities, brady-dysdiadochokinesia as well as myoclonic jerks of the arms. many of the clinical features of this postencephalitic parkinsonism (pep) suggested the diagnosis of sporadic encephalitis lethargica, first described by von economo 1917. cerebral spinal fluid showed signs of a ... | 2000 | 11145004 |
| changing t cell specificity by retroviral t cell receptor display. | the diversity of the t cell receptor (tcr) repertoire is limited, because of the processes of positive and negative t cell selection. to obtain t cells with specificities beyond the immune system's capacity, we have developed a strategy for retroviral tcr display. in this approach, a library of t cell variants is generated in vitro and introduced into a tcr-negative murine t cell line by retroviral transfer. we document the value of tcr display by the creation of a library of an influenza a-spec ... | 2000 | 11121060 |
| protective effects of quercetin during influenza virus-induced oxidative stress. | oxidative stress was found to have a role in many viral diseases including aids, hepatitis and influenza. in the present study the pathology of influenza viral infection in the lungs, which may lead to oxidative stress, was investigated and an attempt was made to study the efficacy of anti-oxidants as therapeutic agents. adult male mice of swiss albino type were infected with influenza virus (a/hong kong/8/68) and studied for the antioxidant status in the lungs by evaluating the lung enzymatic a ... | 2000 | 24394509 |
| peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis with busulfan and cyclophosphamide conditioning: report of toxicity and immunological monitoring. | multiple sclerosis (ms) is an immune-mediated disease that may be amenable to high-dose immunosuppression with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (sct) in selected patients. five ms patients (all women, ages 39-47 years) received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) for stem cell mobilization, cd34 cell selection for t-cell depletion, a preparatory regimen of busulfan (1 mg/kg x 16 doses) and cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg), and antithymocyte globulin (10 mg/kg x 3 doses) at the ti ... | 2000 | 11071262 |
| phylogenetic analysis of influenza a viruses of h9 haemagglutinin subtype. | a 380 nucleotide region (bases 613 to 992) of the ha1 part of the haemagglutinin (h) gene was obtained for 35 influenza viruses of h9 subtype isolated from around the world over the past 33 years. these were analyzed phylogenetically and compared with sequences from 19 h9 subtype viruses available in the genbank database. these viruses do not show such clear geographical lineages as other subtypes (i.e. h5 or h7) and there is a high degree of variation at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin. ... | 2000 | 19184825 |
| multicomponent domino reactions for the synthesis of biologically active natural products and drugs. | a main issue in modern synthetic organic chemistry, which deals with the preparation of natural products, pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, agrochemicals, and other important materials, is the improvement of efficiency, the avoidance of toxic reagents, the reduction of waste, and the responsible treatment of our resources. one of the ways to fulfill these goals is the development and use of domino processes, which consist of several bond-forming reactions and which allow the highly efficient synthes ... | 2000 | 10861729 |