| further characterization of the red beet plasma membrane ca-atpase using gtp as an alternative substrate. | the gtp-driven component of ca(2+) uptake in red beet (beta vulgaris l.) plasma membrane vesicles was further characterized to confirm its association with the plasma membrane ca(2+)-translocating atpase and assess its utility as a probe for this transport system. uptake of (45)ca(2+) in the presence of gtp demonstrated similar properties to those previously observed for red beet plasma membrane vesicles utilizing atp with respect to ph optimum, sensitivity to orthovanadate, dependence on mg:sub ... | 1990 | 16667344 |
| identification of the udp-glucose-binding polypeptide of callose synthase from beta vulgaris l. by photoaffinity labeling with 5-azido-udp-glucose. | the photoaffinity probe 5-azidouridine 5'-[beta-32p]diphosphate glucose (5n3[32p]udp-glc) was used to identify a 57-kda polypeptide as a strong candidate for the udp-glc-binding polypeptide of udp-glucose: (1,3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthase from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. unlabeled 5n3udp-glc was a competitive inhibitor of callose synthase with a ki of 310 microm. callose synthase was purified from plasma membranes by a two-step solubilization with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimeth ... | 1990 | 2137125 |
| diurnal changes in adenylates and nicotinamide nucleotides in sugar beet leaves. | sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv. f58-554h1) were cultured hydroponically in growth chambers at 25°c, with a photon flux density of 500 μmol m(-2)s(-1). measurements were made of net co2 exchange, leaf adenylates (atp, adp and amp), and leaf nicotinamide nucleotides (nad(+), nadp(+), nadh, nadph), over the diurnal period (16h light/8 h dark) and during photosynthetic induction. all the measurements were carried out on recently expanded leaves from 5-week-old plants. when the lights were switched ... | 1990 | 24421062 |
| localization of glyoxylate-cycle marker enzymes in peroxisomes of senescent leaves and green cotyledons. | crude particulate homogenates from leaves of barley (hordeum vulgare l.), rice (oryza sativa l.), leaf-beet (beta vulgaris var. cicla l.) and pumpkin (cucurbita pepo l.) cotyledons were separated on sucrose density gradients. the peroxisomal fractions appeared at a buoyant density of 1.25 g·cm(-3) and contained most of the activities of catalase (ec 1.11.1.6), and hydroxypyruvate reductase (ec 1.1.1.81) on the gradients. in peroxisomal fractions from detached leaves and green cotyledons incubate ... | 1990 | 24202025 |
| a chenopod extensin lacks repetitive tetrahydroxyproline blocks. | an extensin isolated from sugar beet (beta vulgaris) cell suspension cultures fulfills all criteria for membership of the extensin family save one, notably, lack of the ;diagnostic' pentamer ser-hyp-hyp-hyp-hyp. however, sequence analysis of the major tryptic peptides shows that sugar beet extensin shares a motif in common with tomato extensin p1 but differs by the position of an insertion sequence [x] or [y] which, in sugar beet, splits the tetrahydroxyproline block: ser-hyp-hyp-[x]-hyp-hyp-thr ... | 1990 | 16667277 |
| betanin production and release in vitro from suspension cultures of beta vulgaris. | the diverse group of compounds known as plant secondary products includes many compounds with pharmaceutical activity (e.g., morphine, vincristine), fragrances, pigments, latex, enzymes, and carbohydrates (2). the commercial production of such plant secondary metabolites has, until recently, always been via the harvesting of field-grown plants followed by the extraction and/or direct utilization of the active principle(s). the proportion of the plant that is the active ingredient is invariably o ... | 1990 | 21390636 |
| leaf phosphate status, photosynthesis, and carbon partitioning in sugar beet: iii. diurnal changes in carbon partitioning and carbon export. | the effect of low phosphate supply (low p) was determined on the diurnal changes in the rate of carbon export, and on the contents of starch, sucrose, glucose, and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (f2,6bp) in leaves. low-p effects on the activities of a number of enzymes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism were also measured. sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv. f58-554h1) were cultured hydroponically in growth chambers and the low-p treatment induced nutritionally. low-p treatment decreased carbon ... | 1990 | 16667261 |
| [factors enhancing the stability of ascorbic acid in alcohol-free carbonated drinks]. | factors were studied influencing the stability of ascorbic acid (aa) in carbonated drink "legenda". it has been established that beet-tea pigment and its mixture with polyvinylpyrrolidone produce a high stabilizing effect on aa due to formation of stable complexes with aa, which was supported by the data of spectrophotometry. | 2013 | 2346017 |
| protein synthesis stimulated in sonicated sugar beet cells and protoplasts. | sugar beet suspension cells and protoplasts were exposed to 20 khz ultrasound and the amount of 35s-methionine incorporated into cellular protein was determined after 2 days of culture. the incorporation of 35s-methionine in cells was enhanced up to 90% after sonication for 220-770 ms at 1.2-3.5 w/cm2 which reduced viability 5-11% and decreased the average size of cell aggregates. in protoplasts, the 35s-methionine incorporation was increased up to 31% after sonication for 220-550 ms at 0.3-1.0 ... | 1990 | 2281560 |
| activation of plant foliar oxidases by insect feeding reduces nutritive quality of foliage for noctuid herbivores. | the foliage and fruit of the tomato plantlycopersicon esculentum contains polyphenol oxidases (ppo) and peroxidases (pod) that are compartmentally separated from orthodihydroxyphenolic substrates in situ. however, when leaf tissue is damaged by insect feeding, the enzyme and phenolic substrates come in contact, resulting in the rapid oxidation of phenolics to orthoquinones. when the tomato fruitwormheliothis zea or the beet army-wormspodoptera exigua feed on tomato foliage, a substantial amount ... | 1989 | 24271680 |
| use of restriction fragment length polymorphism to fingerprint beets at the genotype and species levels. | cdna probes have been used to assess genetic variation in beet using hybridisation techniques that detect restriction fragment length polymorphism. probes have been identified which differ in the levels of variation that they can detect (i) within closely related genetic material of sugar beet, and (ii) between sugar beet and a taxonomically distant beta species. | 1989 | 24226017 |
| localization of a protein, immunologically similar to a sucrose-binding protein from developing soybean cotyledons, on the plasma membrane of sieve-tube members of spinach leaves. | immunocytochemical studies using antibodies raised against a 62-kda membrane protein isolated from developing soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) cotyledons were performed on leaf tissue of spinach (spinacia oleracea l.). this 62-kda protein was labeled by 6'-deoxy-6'-(4-azido-2-hydroxy)-benzamidosucrose (habs), a photoaffinity sucrose analogue (k. g. ripp et al., 1988, plant physiol.88, 1435-1445). western-blot analysis of spinach plasma-membrane proteins indicated a cross-reactive polypeptide ide ... | 1989 | 24201850 |
| perception/production relationships in the development of the vowel duration cue to final consonant voicing. | the purposes of this study were to assess: (a) the development of identification in children for the vowel duration cue to final consonant voicing and (b) the perception/production relationships in children for the vowel duration cue to final consonant voicing. subjects were 30 children divided equally into three age groups, and 10 adults. productions consisted of 15 repetitions of two target syllables (beet, bead) analyzed acoustically for vowel duration. from these were calculated category bou ... | 1989 | 2601311 |
| nucleotide sequence and transcription of the sugar beet mitochondrial f0f1-atpase subunit 9 gene. | | 1989 | 2531368 |
| comparison of the organization and expression of mtdna of fertile and male-sterile sugar beet varieties (beta vulgaris l.). | analysis of minicircle occurrence in different samples of sugar beet mitochondrial (mt) dna invalidates the postulated relationship between cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) phenotype and the absence of minicircle c and d. in high molecular weight mt dna, two types of restriction patterns are found for fertile genomes and only one type for the cms; in spite of the multiplicity of crosses carried out by plant breeders, all the cms varieties analyzed seem to have derived from the original cytoplasm ... | 1989 | 24225822 |
| purification of an h-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase from vacuole membranes of red beet. | an h(+)-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (ppase) was isolated and purified from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) tonoplast. one major polypeptide of molecular weight 67 kilodalton copurified with fluoride-inhibitable ppase activity when subjected to one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. overall, a 150-fold purification of the ppase was obtained, from the tonoplast fraction, through anion exchange chromatography of the detergent-solubilized membranes followed by ammonium sulfate p ... | 1989 | 16667022 |
| a new cytoplasmic male sterile genotype in the sugar beet beta vulgaris l.: a molecular analysis. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from fertile (n) and possibly new cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) genotypes was studied in the sugar beet beta vulgaris l. it was found by restriction endonuclease analysis that bmc-cms, a cytoplasm that was derived from the wild beet beta maritima, contained a unique type of mtdna which is distinguishable from both the n and s-cms, the only other cms genotype that is currently availabe in b. vulgaris l. the organization of three genes: coxi, coxii and cob, was analyzed ... | 1989 | 24227158 |
| blood glucose response to pea fiber: comparisons with sugar beet fiber and wheat bran. | two new fiber types, pea fiber (pf) and sugar beet fiber (bf), were compared with wheat bran (wb) to investigate the effect on postprandial blood glucose and serum insulin responses in normal subjects. the control meal consisted of 150 g ground beef mixed with 50 g glucose and 20 g lactulose. only addition of pf (15 g pure fiber) reduced the area under the incremental blood glucose curve significantly (by 65%, p less than 0.05). none of the fibers affected the area under the insulin-response cur ... | 1989 | 2547300 |
| genetical control and linkage relationships of isozyme markers in sugar beet (b. vulgaris l.) : 1. isocitrate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, phosphoglucomutase, glucose phosphate isomerase and cathodal peroxidase. | five isozyme systems were genetically investigated. the different separation techniques, the developmental expression and the use as marker system in sugar beet genetics and breeding is discussed. isocitrate dehydrogenase was controlled by two genes. the gene products form inter- as well as intralocus dimers, even with the gene products of the icd gene in b. procumbens and b. patellaris. adenylate kinase was controlled by one gene. three different allelic forms were detected, which were active a ... | 1989 | 24227037 |
| leaf phosphate status, photosynthesis and carbon partitioning in sugar beet: ii. diurnal changes in sugar phosphates, adenylates, and nicotinamide nucleotides. | sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv f58-554h1) were cultured hydroponically in growth chambers. leaf orthophosphate (pi) levels were varied nutritionally. the effect of decreased leaf phosphate (low-p) status was determined on the diurnal changes in the pool sizes of leaf ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (rubp), 3-phosphoglycerate (pga), triose phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, adenylates, nicotinamide nucleotides, and pi. except for triose phosphate, low-p t ... | 1989 | 16666883 |
| leaf phosphate status, photosynthesis, and carbon partitioning in sugar beet: i. changes in growth, gas exchange, and calvin cycle enzymes. | sugar beets (beta vulgaris l. cv f58-554h1) were cultured hydroponically for 2 weeks in growth chambers with two levels of orthophosphate (pi) supplied in half strength hoagland solution. low-p plants were supplied with 1/20th of the pi supplied to control plants. with low-p treatment, the acid soluble leaf phosphate and total leaf p decreased by about 88%. low-p treatment had a much greater effect on leaf area than on photosynthesis. low-p decreased total leaf area by 76%, dry weight per plant ... | 1989 | 16666882 |
| surcose transport in isolated plasma-membrane vesicles from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) evidence for an electrogenic sucrose-proton symport. | an analysis of the molecular mechanism of sucrose transport across the plasmalemma was conducted with isolated plasma-membrane (pm) vesicles. plasma membrane was isolated by aqueous two-phase partitioning from fully expanded sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves. the isolated fraction was predominantly pm vesicles as determined by marker-enzyme analysis, and the vesicles were oriented right-side-out as determined by structurally linked latency of the pm enzyme, vanadate-sensitive mg(2+)-atpase. s ... | 1989 | 24212906 |
| change in target molecular size of the red beet plasma membrane atpase during solubilization and reconstitution. | the plasma membrane atpase from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue associated with either native plasma membrane vesicles, a detergent-solubilized enzyme preparation or reconstituted liposomes was subjected to radiation inactivation analysis to determine if changes in target molecular size occurred with modification of its amphipathic environment. for each preparation of the enzyme, the decline in atp hydrolytic activity with increasing dose of gamma-ray radiation demonstrated a simple e ... | 1989 | 16666782 |
| modification of an essential arginine residue associated with the plasma membrane atpase of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. | the dicarbonyl compounds, phenylgloxyl and 2,3-butanedione were used to demonstrate the presence of an essential arginine residue in the mechanism of the red beet (beta vulgaris l.) plasma membrane atpase. treatment of the red beet atpase with either of these reagents resulted in an inhibition of atp hydrolytic activity protectable by the inclusion of either atp or adp during inhibitor incubation. ligands of the atp hydrolytic reaction also protected against phenylglyoxyl inhibition and affected ... | 1989 | 2523690 |
| phenotypic polymorphism and allele differentiation of isozymes in fodder beet, multigerm sugar beet and monogerm sugar beet. | thirteen enzymes (mdh, sdh, lap, pgm, px, idh, gpi, 6pgd, aph, got, gdh, me and sod) of 3 cultivated beet (b. vulgaris l.) gene pools, comprising 12 accessions of fodder beet, 11 of old multigerm sugar beet and 10 of modern monogerm sugar beet, were investigated using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. eleven accessions of primitive or wild b. vulgaris were also included for the comparison of isozymes. variation in isozyme phenotypes was investigated to detect diversity in the three cultivat ... | 1989 | 24232806 |
| a specific rearrangement of mitochondrial dna induced by tissue culture. | the induction, growth and regeneration of sugar beet callus to whole plants were all found to be highly genotype-specific. regenerants of one line (of sterile cytoplasm) were obtained and a study of the chloroplast and mitochondrial dna in these somaclones was undertaken by gel electrophoresis and cosmid hybridization. in one somaclone a rearrangement in the mitochondrial genome was observed; the novel arrangement of this part of the genome was identical to the corresponding area of the genome o ... | 1989 | 24232792 |
| hormone-free medium will support callus production and subsequent shoot regeneration from whole plant leaf explants in some sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) populations. | sugarbeet plants representing 14 of 16 germplasm sources (4 to 5 plants per source) produced callus from leaf disks on a hormone-free murashige and skoog based medium. overall, 49.2% of explants from partially expanded leaves of whole plants initiated callus (53 of 74 plants tested), in an average time of 96.7 days. the time to callus was considerably longer than the 4-6 weeks observed when 1 mg/l n(6)-benzyladenine has been used in the medium. shoots were regenerated on the hormone-free medium ... | 1989 | 24233142 |
| phenotypic and karyotypic status of beta vulgaris plants regenerated from direct organogenesis in petiole culture. | a method for high frequency in vitro regeneration from petiole explants was tested on nine breeding lines of beta vulgaris l. from the haploid, diploid and tetraploid levels. regenerants could be obtained without a callus step, from excised petioles derived either from axillary buds sprouted in vitro or from field grown plants, by plating the explants on ms medium supplemented with tiba (2,3,5-triiodobenzoïc acid) and bap (6-benzylaminopurine). the multiple shoots obtained were then rooted in vi ... | 1989 | 24232710 |
| susceptibility of udp-glucose:(1,3)-beta-glucan synthase to inactivation by phospholipases and trypsin. | udp-glucose:(1,3)-beta-glucan synthase from beta vulgaris l. was rapidly inactivated by treatment with phospholipases c, d, and a(2). enzyme activity could not be restored to the phospholipase-treated enzyme by the addition of phosphatidylethanolamine or other phospholipids. membrane-bound and solubilized glucan synthase were also trypsin-labile with inactivation rates equal in the presence or absence of divalent cations or chelators. gradual activity declines were observed in membranes incubate ... | 1989 | 16666707 |
| proton-coupled sucrose transport in plasmalemma vesicles isolated from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. cv great western) leaves. | sucrose is the predominant form of photosynthetically reduced carbon transported in most plant species. in the experiments reported here, an active, proton-coupled sucrose transport system has been identified and partially characterized in plasmalemma vesicles isolated from mature sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. cv great western) leaves. the isolated vesicles concentrated sucrose fivefold in the presence of an imposed ph gradient (basic interior). the presence of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydr ... | 1989 | 16666703 |
| minicircle variation in beta mitochondrial dna. | mitochondrial dnas from nine male fertile and eight cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) accessions of wild and cultivated beta beets were investigated for the presence of low molecular weight dna molecules. five different supercoiled dna molecules were detected, varying in size from 1.33 to 1.63 kb. southern hybridizations revealed multimeric forms and sequence homologies between the minicircles. the occurrence of the different minicircles among the 17 accessions was investigated by agarose gel elect ... | 1989 | 24232610 |
| regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity in response to diurnal changes in irradiance. | the regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (rubp) carboxylase (rubisco) activity and metabolite pool sizes in response to natural diurnal changes in photon flux density (pfd) was examined in three species (phaseolus vulgaris, beta vulgaris, and spinacia oleracea) known to differ in the mechanisms used for this regulation. diurnal regulation of rubisco activity in p. vulgaris was primarily the result of metabolism of the naturally occurring tight-binding inhibitor of rubisco, 2-carboxyarabinitol ... | 1989 | 16666642 |
| bioavailability of oxalic acid from spinach, sugar beet fibre and a solution of sodium oxalate consumed by female volunteers. | oxalate bioavailability from sugar beet fibre (40 g), spinach (25 g) and a solution of sodium oxalate (182 mg) was tested in nine women using a triplicated 3 x 3 latin square arrangement. each test substance provided 120 mg oxalic acid. throughout the study the volunteers consumed a control diet and the test substances were administered at breakfast on specified days. after an initial 2-day control period, oxalate was administered in three test periods that consisted of one test day followed by ... | 1989 | 2731814 |
| stable transformation of sugarbeet protoplasts by electroporation. | conditions were optimized for the culture, antibiotic selection and stable transformation by electroporation of suspension culture protoplasts of sugarbeet,beta vulgaris l.. highest plating efficiencies (up to 65% at day 21) were obtained if protoplasts were cultured in pgo salts (de greef and jacobs, 1979) supplemented with 0.1 mg/1 2,4-d, 0.01 mg/l bap and 9% mannitol, and in 0.6% agarose rather than in liquid medium. sensitivity to kanamycin also depended on whether protoplasts were cultured ... | 1989 | 24232987 |
| cell wall proteins from sugar beet cells in suspension culture. | several proteins were extracted from the purified cell walls of suspension-cultured sugar beet cells with 0.5% edta (ph 6.8) after prior extraction of the walls with 0.5% deoxycholate and then with 2 molar nacl. two abundant proteins (p-i and p-ii protein) were separately purified to homogeneity by procedures that included fractionation with ammonium sulfate, column chromatography on deae-cellulose and butyl toyopearl, and preparative polyacrylamide electrophoresis. p-i exists as a dimer of iden ... | 1989 | 16666606 |
| purification and preliminary characterization of sucrose-phosphate synthase using monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies specific for sucrose phosphate synthase (sps; ec 2.4.1.14) have been obtained for the first time. three independent clones have been isolated which inhibited spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaf sps activity and facilitated the enzyme purification by immunoprecipitation. all three clones were specific for the spinach enzyme but neither inhibited nor precipitated the sps present in tissue extracts of maize (zea mays l.), barley (hordeum vulgare l.), soybean (glycine max l.), ... | 1989 | 16666575 |
| leaf carbon metabolism and metabolite levels during a period of sinusoidal light. | photosynthesis rate, internal co(2) concentration, starch, sucrose, and metabolite levels were measured in leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) during a 14-h period of sinusoidal light, which simulated a natural light period. photosynthesis rate closely followed increasing and decreasing light level. chloroplast metabolite levels changed in a manner indicating differential activation of enzymes at different light levels. starch levels declined during the first and last 2 hours of the photoper ... | 1989 | 16666556 |
| photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and export in beta vulgaris l. and phaseolus vulgaris l. during square and sinusoidal light regimes. | rates of photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, starch accumulation and degradation were measured in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) plants under a square-wave light regime and under a sinusoidal regime that simulated the natural daylight period. photosynthesis rate increased in a measured manner in direct proportion to the increasing light level. in contrast to this close correspondence between photosynthesis and light, a lag in photosynthesis rate was seen during the ... | 1989 | 16666555 |
| light/dark profiles of sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and acid invertase in leaves of sugar beets. | the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and acid invertase was monitored in 1- to 2-month-old sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves. sugar beet leaves achieve full laminar length in 13 days. therefore, leaves were harvested at 2-day intervals for 15 days. sucrose phosphate synthase activity was not detectable for 6 days in the dark-grown leaves. once activity was measurable, sucrose phosphate synthase activity never exceeded half that observed in the light-grown leaves. afte ... | 1989 | 16666537 |
| light-dependent kinetics of 2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate metabolism and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity in vivo. | the light-dependent kinetics of the apparent in vivo synthesis and degradation of 2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate (ca1p) were studied in three species of higher plants which differ in the extent to which this compound is involved in the light-dependent regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) activity. detailed studies with phaseolus vulgaris indicate that both the degradation and synthesis of this compound are light-stimulated, although light is absolutely required only for ... | 1989 | 16666511 |
| [determination of elements hazardous to health in vegetables grown in the siedlece district]. | in the years 1986-1987 the content of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel, lead and cadmium was determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method in vegetables grown by gardeners in wegrów, sokołów podlaski and siedlce. these elements were measured in cabbages, tomatoes, carrots, parsley, celery (root and leaves), red beet and potatoes. the content of lead in these vegetables was from 0.0 to 0.596 mg/kg, and that of cadmium was from 0.002 to 0.184 mg/kg (fresh mass). the level of cadmium ... | 1989 | 2602849 |
| dietary fibre enrichment, blood pressure, lipoprotein profile and gut hormones in niddm patients. | the influence of a beet-fibre enriched diet (mean 40 g fibrexr, 27 g dietary fibre per day) on blood pressure, plasma lipoproteins and glycaemic control was studied in 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (nidd) patients. the effect on gastrointestinal hormones was also investigated. beet-fibre and control diets were given in randomized order for 8 weeks each. during the beet-fibre diet the systolic blood pressure decreased (p less than 0.05) and the hdl-cholesterol levels increased (p less than 0. ... | 1989 | 2543553 |
| inhibition of starch absorption by dietary fibre. a comparative study of wheat bran, sugar-beet fibre, and pea fibre. | the effect of dietary fibre on starch absorption was investigated in 8 healthy subjects. amounts of starch escaping small-bowel absorption was assessed by comparison of breath h2 excretion after test meals and after lactulose (10g). after ingestion of bread made from 100g of wheat flour increases in h2 excretion occurred in all subjects; the calculated fractions of unabsorbed starch ranged from 4% to 17% (median, 8%). concurrent ingestion of this bread with either wheat bran, sugar-beet fibre, o ... | 1989 | 2538917 |
| the use of a chloride-sensitive fluorescent probe to measure chloride transport in isolated tonoplast vesicles. | a fluorescence method for the direct measurement of cl(-) transport in isolated tonoplast vesicles is described. this technique utilises the cl(-)-sensitive fluorescent compound, 6-methoxy-1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)quinolinium (spq). this is a water-soluble compound with excitation and emission wavelengths of 350 and 440 nm, respectively. its fluorescence is quenched by cl(-), br(-), i(-), scn(-), no 2 (-) and tetraphenylborate but not by no 3 (-) , so 4 (2-) , iminodiacetate or malate. these effects ... | 1988 | 24220941 |
| transport properties of the tomato fruit tonoplast : iii. temperature dependence of calcium transport. | calcium transport into tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill, cv castlemart) fruit tonoplast vesicles was studied. calcium uptake was stimulated approximately 10-fold by mgatp. two atp-dependent ca(2+) transport activities could be resolved on the basis of sensitivity to nitrate and affinity for ca(2+). a low affinity ca(2+) uptake system (k(m) > 200 micromolar) was inhibited by nitrate and ionophores and is thought to represent a tonoplast localized h(+)/ca(2+) antiport. a high affinity ca(2+) u ... | 1988 | 16666428 |
| effects of inorganic phosphate on the plasma membrane h-atpase from red beet (beta vulgaris l.). | the effects of inorganic phosphate on the plasma membrane h(+)-atpase of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) were studied. atpase activity was inhibited weakly and noncompetitively by phosphate. this anion also relieved the inhibition caused by vanadate by displacing it from the enzyme. from this effect, a dissociation constant for phosphate of 25 millimolar and an extrapolated activity at infinite phosphate concentration of 84% of the activity without inhibitors were calculated. the partial inhibition ... | 1988 | 16666424 |
| characterization of an anion-permeable channel from sugar beet vacuoles: effect of inhibitors. | the vacuole occupies 25-95% of the plant cell volume and plays an essential role in maintaining cytoplasmic homeostasis of nutrients and ions. recent patch-clamp studies identified ion channels and electrogenic pumps as pathways for the movement of ions and metabolites across the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast). at high cytoplasmic ca (>10 m) and negative potentials (inside the vacuole) non-selective channels of the ;slow-vacuolar (sv)-type' were activated resulting in anion release or cation infl ... | 1988 | 16453861 |
| structure of the mitochondrial genome of beta vulgaris l. | the structure of mitochondrial dna (mt-dna) from sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) has been studied by biochemical methods and electron microscopy. it was found to be complex multipartite consisting of two main classes of molecules: high molecules weight (hmw) mtdna and low molecular weight (lmw) mtdna. the hmw mtdna consists of rosette-like structures and globules resembling chromomeres (150-200nm). a typical rosette has a protein core and radially stemming closed dna loops (from 0.6-1.5 μm). the nu ... | 1988 | 24232354 |
| monosomic additions in beet (beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of b. procumbens : 2. effects of the alien chromosomes on in vivo and in vitro plant development. | alien monosomic additions in beet (beta vulgaris), each carrying one of the nine chromosomes of b. procumbens, were grown in vivo and in vitro to study the effect of the alien chromosomes on plant development. all additional chromosomes caused a reduction of the growth rate in vivo, which, in one case was so strong that some of the plants died as seedlings. in general, the morphological plant characteristics were not very useful to distinguish the addition types; this could have been the results ... | 1988 | 24232341 |
| oxygen-18 and deuterium labeling studies of choline oxidation by spinach and sugar beet. | chenopods synthesize betaine by a two-step oxidation of choline: choline --> betaine aldehyde --> betaine. the pathway is chloroplastic; the first step has been shown in isolated spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) chloroplasts to be o(2)- and light-dependent, the role of light being to provide reducing power (p weigel, ea weretilnyk, ad hanson 1988 plant physiol 86: 54-60). here, we report use of in vivo(18)o- and (2)h-labeling in conjunction with fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry to test for ... | 1988 | 16666370 |
| phytochrome mediated regulation of sucrose phosphate synthase activity in maize. | the extractable activity of sucrose phosphate synthase was determined in etiolated seedlings of maize (zea mays l.), soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.), and sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) following treatments of changing light quality. a 30-minute illumination of 30 microeinsteins per square meter per second white light produced a three-fold increase in sucrose phosphate synthase activity at 2 hours postillumination when compared to seedlings maintained in total darkness. etiolated maize seedlings ... | 1988 | 16666344 |
| a small scale procedure for the isolation of transport competent vesicles from plant tissues. | a microscale method for the isolation of selectively sealed microsomal membrane fractions from plant tissue is presented. the method is based on differential centrifugation in a table top microcentrifuge to accommodate small sample size (10-25 g tissue) and the addition of ki or kcl in the homogenization medium for isolating selectively sealed plasma membrane or tonoplast vesicles. this microscale procedure was found to be useful in isolating membranes from red beet (beta vulgaris) storage tissu ... | 1988 | 3239758 |
| monosomic additions in beet (beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of beta procumbens : 1. identification of the alien chromosomes with the help of isozyme markers. | eleven isozyme systems were used to identify the extra chromosomes, originating from beta procumbens, in progenies of 33 monosomic additions in beet (b. vulgaris). nine groups of monosomic additions could be distinguished, representing the nine different chromosome types of b. procumbens. | 1988 | 24232280 |
| [morbidity with temporary loss of work capacity in animal breeders and beet growers]. | | 1988 | 3218177 |
| phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions of the red beet plasma membrane atpase studied in the transient state. | the reaction mechanism of the solubilized red beet (beta vulgaris l.) plasma membrane atpase was studied with a rapid quenching apparatus. using a dual-labeled substrate ([gamma-(32)p]atp and [5',8-(3)h]atp), the presteady-state time course of phosphoenzyme formation, phosphate liberation and adp liberation was examined. the time course for both phosphoenzyme formation and adp liberation showed a rapid, initial rise while the timecourse for phosphate liberation showed an initial lag. this indica ... | 1988 | 16666284 |
| chemical equivalence of phosphoenzyme reaction states in the catalytic mechanism of the red beet (beta vulgaris l.) plasma membrane atpase. | a comparison of two phosphoryl enzyme reaction states associated with the plasma membrane atpase of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue was carried out to determine if their differences in reactivity toward adp and k(+) was related to a structural difference in the site of phosphorylation. using a pulse labeling method it was possible to produce preparations where either the adp-sensitive and -insensitive phosphoenzyme forms or the adp-insensitive phosphoenzyme form alone were trapped as ... | 1988 | 16666283 |
| purification and properties of glucoamylase from sugar beet cells in suspension culture. | glucoamylase and alpha-amylase are present in callus and suspension cultures of sugar beets (beta vulgaris l.) as well as in mature roots. the subcellular localization of glucoamylase differed in callus and suspension-cultured cells: in callus, glucoamylase was present together with alpha-amylase in the soluble fraction of cells, but in suspension cultures, it was present predominantly in the extracellular fraction while most of the alpha-amylase activity remained in cells. glucoamylase activity ... | 1988 | 16666261 |
| localization, solubilization and characterization of plant membrane-associated calcium-dependent protein kinases. | membrane fractions from mature silver beet (beta vulgaris) deveined leaf and leaf stem homogenates have associated ca(2+) -dependent protein kinase. the ca(2+) -dependent protein kinase activity is associated with plasma membranes (density 1.14-1.18 grams per cubic centimeter) as determined from copurification on isopycnic centrifugation with plasma membrane markers such as beta-glucan synthetase, eosin-5-maleimidelabeling, and specific naphthylphthalamic acid-binding. the ca(2+) -dependent prot ... | 1988 | 16666260 |
| a new set of regulatory molecules in plants: a plant phospholipid similar to platelet-activating factor stimulates protein kinase and proton-translocating atpase in membrane vesicles. | 1-o-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, an ether phospholipid from mammals known as platelet-activating factor (paf), specifically stimulates proton transport in zucchini (cucurbita pepo l.) microsomes (g.f.e. scherer, 1985, biochem. biophys. res. commm. 133, 1160-1167). when plant lipids were analyzed by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography a lipid was found with chromatographic properties very similar to the paf (g.f.e. scherer and b. stoffel, 1987, planta, 172, 127-130). this lip ... | 1988 | 24221719 |
| metabolism of naturally occurring [13c]glucose given orally to horses. | in 5 horses, 13co2/12co2 ratios in expired air were determined using isotope mass spectroscopy to investigate metabolism of naturally occurring [13c]glucose. oral glucose tolerance tests (ogtt) were performed using maize or beet glucose. maize has a higher 13c concentration than that of most plants. the 13co2/12co2 ratios after ogtt was performed using maize glucose were compared with 13co2/12co2 ratios in expired air after ogtt was performed using beet glucose. the ratio also was determined dur ... | 1988 | 3178022 |
| production of protein by thermophilic fungi from sugar-beet pulp in solid-state fermentation. | | 1988 | 18584744 |
| a method for calculating sucrose synthesis rates throughout a light period in sugar beet leaves. | sucrose synthesis rate in an exporting sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaf was calculated from simultaneous measurements of export and changes in leaf sucrose level. the amount of recently fixed carbon exported was determined from net carbon assimilated minus the tracer carbon accumulated in the leaf. the relative amount of (14)c accumulated in the leaf supplied with (14)co(2) throughout an entire light period was recorded continuously with a geiger-mueller detector. to produce a continuous time ... | 1988 | 16666222 |
| concentrations of co, cd, cr, ni, and zn in crop plants cultivated in the vicinity of coal-fired power plants. | in order to determine the effect of airborne emissions of trace elements (co, cd, cr, ni and zn) from coal-fired power plants on the environment, concentrations were determined in different species of agricultural plants from the local environment (1-15 km radius) and compared with the corresponding concentrations in soils and fallout. the spatial distribution of trace elements in the soil over 7 years did not indicate any significant increased exposure to plants. in agricultural soils exposed t ... | 1988 | 3406733 |
| mechanisms for light-dependent regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity and photosynthesis in intact leaves. | the mechanisms involved in the in vivo light-dependent regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (rbup(2)) carboxylase [3-phospho-d-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing), ec 4.1.1.39] activity in intact leaves were studied. in the three species examined, phaseolus vulgaris, beta vulgaris, and spinacea oleracea, the regulated level of rbup(2) carboxylase activity (assayed in vitro with saturating substrate) was highly correlated (r = 0.96) with the rate of net co(2) uptake of the corresponding leave ... | 1988 | 16593934 |
| hydrolysis of beet pulp polysaccharides by extracts of solid-state cultures of pencicillium capsulatum. | extracts of solid-state cultures of penicillium capsulatum grown on beet pulp exhibit cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, and pectinolytic activities. such extracts catalyzed extensive solubilization of untreated beet pulp. the effects of ph, temperature, and endproducts on the saccharification process were investigated. | 1988 | 18584628 |
| quantitative and rapid estimation of h fluxes in membrane vesicles : software for analysis of fluorescence quenching and relaxation. | proton transport is often visualized in membrane vesicles by use of fluorescent monoamines which accumulate in acidic intravesicular compartments and undergo concentration-dependent fluorescence quenching. software for an ibm microcomputer is described which permits logging and editing of changes in fluorescence monitored by a perkin-elmer ls-5 luminescence spectrometer. an accurate estimate of the instantaneous rate of fluorescence quenching or recovery is then facilitated by least squares fitt ... | 1988 | 16666064 |
| synergistic interaction between potato glycoalkaloidsα-solanine andα-chaconine in relation to destabilization of cell membranes: ecological implications. | in studies of the lysis of rabbit erythrocytes, red beet cells, andpenicillium notatum protoplasts by the potato glycoalkaloids α-solanine and α-chaconine, the latter was consistently the more membrane-disruptive compound and erythrocytes the more susceptible cell type. a 1∶1 mixture of solanine and chaconine produced pronounced synergistic effects in all three test systems. in beet cells, such effects were apparent from an early stage of treatment and persisted over a period of several hours. w ... | 1988 | 24276139 |
| the influence of dietaryβ-carboline alkaloids on growth rate, food consumption, and food utilization of larvae ofspodoptera exigua (hubner). | β-carboline alkaloids are found worldwide in many plant families. harman, harmine, and other simple β-carboline alkaloids were tested for activity against a generalist phytophagous insect, the beet army worm [spodoptera exigua (hubner)]. chronic dietary exposure tests (neonate to pupa) reveal potent antifeedant and possible toxic effects. acute dietary exposure tests on fifth-instar larvae also demonstrate antifeedant activity. | 1988 | 24275994 |
| evidence for the presence of a sucrose carrier in immature sugar beet tap roots. | the objectives of this work were to determine the path of phloem unloading and if a sucrose carrier was present in young sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) taproots. the approach was to exploit the characteristics of the sucrose analog, 1'-fluorosucrose (f-sucrose) which is a poor substrate for acid invertase but is a substrate for sucrose synthase. ten millimolar each of [(3)h]sucrose and [(14)c]f-sucrose were applied in a 1:1 ratio to an abraded region of an attached leaf for 6 hours. [(14)c]f-sucr ... | 1988 | 16665948 |
| binding of glycolytic enzymes to a particulate fraction in carrot and sugar beet storage roots : dependence on metabolic state. | numerous studies have demonstrated a rapid increase in the respiration rate during aging of slices of tuber and storage roots. to determine the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon, the role of enzyme binding to the subcellular particulate fraction has been assessed in carrot (daucus carota l.) and sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). soluble versus particulate fractions were separated by centrifugation at 16,000g and both fractions assayed for the activities of six glycolytic enzymes. preparations ... | 1988 | 16665910 |
| pyridine nucleotide oxidation by a plasma membrane fraction from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. | the potential role of pyridine nucleotide oxidation in the energization and/or regulation of membrane transport was examined using sealed plasma membrane vesicles isolated from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. in this system, pyridine nucleotide oxidation, which was enhanced in the presence of ferricyanide, occurred. in the presence or absence of ferricyanide, the oxidation of nadh was several-fold greater than the oxidation of nadph, indicating that it was the preferred substrate for ... | 1988 | 2893588 |
| an improved medium for adventitious shoot formation and callus induction in beta vulgaris l. in vitro. | six sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) lines (gwi-248, spb-11, monohy 55, sms-1, el45 and fc607) were tested for regeneration. shoot cultures were initiated in vitro from naked, sterilized embryos obtained from mature seed. excised petioles from cultured shoots were plated on gamborg's b5 medium and four modified murashige and skoog (ms) media. a medium containing ms inorganic salts supplemented with 0.4 mg/1 n(6)-benzyladenine, 0.1 mg/1 indole-3-butyric acid, ten vitamins and six amino acids, termed ... | 1988 | 24241410 |
| uridine 5'-diphospho-d-glucose-dependent vectorial sucrose synthesis in tonoplast vesicles of the storage hypocotyl of red beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva). | tonoplast vesicles were prepared from red-beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva) hypocotyl tubers ("beetroot") known to store sucrose. uptake experiments, employing uridine 5'-diphospho-[(14)c]glucose (udp-[(14)c]glucose) showed the operation of an udp-glucose-dependent group translocator for vectorial synthesis and accumulation of sucrose, recently described for sugarcane and red-beet vacuoles and for tonoplast vesicles prepared from sugarcane suspension cells. characterization of the kinetic p ... | 1988 | 24226185 |
| acid and alkaline invertases in suspension cultures of sugar beet cells. | alkaline invertase was induced during the initiation of suspension cultures of single cells from leaf explants of sugar beets in murashige-skoog liquid medium which contained benzyladenine. this activity was barely detectable in the leaves themselves. in suspension cultures, the presence of both acid and alkaline invertases was detected; alkaline invertase was only present in the cytoplasm of the cultured cells, whereas acid invertase was present in the cytoplasm and cell walls, and was also det ... | 1988 | 16665887 |
| analysis of herbicide residues in sugar beet and sugar. | a simple quantitative tlc method for the determination of the residues of herbicide inhibiting photosynthesis was compared with capillary glc for the analysis of atrazine, chloridazone, lenacil, phenmedipham and desmedipham in sugar beet and sugar. no significant differences in the determination limit and precision of the two methods were found. monitoring of herbicide residue levels in commercial sugar revealed low levels of atrazine (0.003 mg.kg-1 on average) in all the samples. this contamina ... | 1988 | 3412424 |
| radiation preservation of foods of plant origin. part vi. mushrooms, tomatoes, minor fruits and vegetables, dried fruits, and nuts. | in this concluding article in the series on the technological feasibility of ionizing radiation treatment for shelf life improvement of fruits and vegetables, the present status of research on several commodities that have not been dealt with earlier is discussed. the commodities include mushrooms, tomatoes, pineapples, lychees, longans, rambutans, mangostenes, guavas, sapotas, loquats, ber, soursops, passion fruits, persimmons, figs, melons, cucumbers, aubergines, globe artichokes, endives, let ... | 1988 | 3280249 |
| calcium transport in sealed vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue : ii. characterization of ca uptake into plasma membrane vesicles. | calcium uptake was examined in sealed plasma membrane vesicles isolated from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue using (45)ca(2+). uptake of (45)ca(2+) by the vesicles was atp-dependent and radiotracer accumulated by the vesicles could be released by the addition of the calcium ionophore a23187. the uptake was stimulated by gramicidin d but slightly inhibited by carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. although the latter result might suggest some degree of indirect coupling of (45)ca(2+) ... | 1987 | 16665817 |
| calcium transport in sealed vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue : i. characterization of a ca-pumping atpase associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. | calcium transport was examined in microsomal membrane vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue using chlorotetracycline as a fluorescent probe. this probe demonstrates an increase in fluorescence corresponding to calcium accumulation within the vesicles which can be collapsed by the addition of the calcium ionophore a23187. calcium uptake in the microsomal vesicles was atp dependent and completely inhibited by orthovanadate. centrifugation of the microsomal membrane fraction on a ... | 1987 | 16665816 |
| the permeability of electroporated cells and protoplasts of sugar beet. | a simple method has been developed to determine the changes in permeability of protoplasts and intact cells when electroporated. cells and protoplasts of sugar beet, beta vulgaris l., were subjected to electric pulse treatments of different field strengths, pulse number and pulse duration, and the ability to accumulate and retain the hydrophilic dye phenosafranine was determined spectrophotometrically. results of timecourse studies of phenosafranine accumulation and retention indicated that pore ... | 1987 | 24225918 |
| microelectrode measurements on red beet vacuole : biological effect of na or no(3) ions, diffusing from the microelectrode. | glass microelectrodes filled with 3 molar kcl are widely used to measure intracellular potentials and it is usual to try to minimize their electrolyte loss. in these experiments we have used the ionic leak of our microelectrodes, filled with various salt solutions, to introduce a given ion into the red beet vacuole. this allowed us to show that no(3) (-) ions reduce the magnitude of the current spectral density while they do not change the resistance of the tonoplast. this is true when no(3) (-) ... | 1987 | 16665746 |
| enzymatic hydrolysis of beer brewers' spent grain and the influence of pretreatments. | the enzymatic saccharification of plant material has been shown to be of interest in various fields, such as the production of fruit juices(1,2) and the utilization of biomass.(3) a combination of cellulase, pectinase, and hemicellulases is usually used because of the chemical composition of the matrix of plant cell walls.for apples, beet pulp, and potato fiber, almost a complete hydrolysis of polysaccharides is obtained by combining cellulose and pectinase. for nonparenchymatic tissue, the situ ... | 1987 | 18581454 |
| chaps solubilization and functional reconstitution of beta-glucan synthase from red beet root (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. | a method for the solubilization and reconstitution of red beet (1,3)-beta-d-glucan synthase with the detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (chaps) was developed. glucan synthase was effectively solubilized from microsomal or plasma membranes by 0.6% chaps in the presence of egta and edta. chelators were found essential for effective solubilization and divalent cations inhibitory. a preextraction of membranes with 0.3% chaps and 5 millimolar mg(2+) prior to the sol ... | 1987 | 16665729 |
| influence of mannose on the apoplasmic retrieval systems of source leaves. | experiments were conducted in which d-mannose was supplied to mature beta vulgaris l. (sugar beet) leaves, via the transpiration stream, to perturb photosynthetic carbon allocation by sequestering cytosolic pi. biochemical and enzymic analyses conducted on this tissue indicated that mannose 6-p was present, that it was only slowly metabolized, and that after a 24-hour pretreatment sugar metabolism was slightly perturbed. however, sucrose retrieval by the mesophyll tissue was greatly impaired in ... | 1987 | 16665714 |
| glyphosate effects on carbon assimilation, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activity, and metabolite levels in sugar beet leaves. | application of a 17-millimolar solution of glyphosate (glp) to sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves resulted in an immediate and rapid decline in the level of ribulose bisphosphate (rubp). phosphoglyceric acid level began to decrease about 2 hours following the decline in rubp level. photosynthesis rate declined linearly with rubp level, but only when the rubp level had decreased to about twice the rubp carboxylase active site concentration. this occurred about 4 hours following glp-application. ... | 1987 | 16665704 |
| glyphosate effects on carbon assimilation and gas exchange in sugar beet leaves. | the mechanism responsible for the inhibition of net carbon exchange (nce) which was reported previously (dr geiger et al. 1986 plant physiol 82: 468-472) was investigated by applying glyphosate [n-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] to exporting leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). leaf internal co(2) concentration (c(i)) remained constant despite decreases in stomatal conductance and nce following glyphosate treatment, indicating that the cause of the inhibition was a slowing of carbon assimilation r ... | 1987 | 16665703 |
| calcium-independent activation of two plant leaf calcium-regulated protein kinases by unsaturated fatty acids. | two soluble ca2+-dependent protein kinases from silver beet leaves (enzymes i and ii) can be resolved from each other by chromatography on deae-cellulose. enzyme ii is substantially activated by arachidonic, oleic and linoleic acids in the absence of ca2+ but not at high ca2+ concentrations. stearic and arachidic acids do not substantially activate either enzyme at low free ca2+. enzyme i differs from enzyme ii in exhibiting a much lower degree of ca2+-independent activation by unsaturated fatty ... | 1987 | 3663208 |
| cytoplasmic male sterility and nuclear restorer genes in a natural population of beta maritima: genetical and molecular aspects. | one natural population (f0 generation) of beta maritima situated on the french atlantic coast has been analysed. it was composed of 62% female, 30% hermaphrodite and 8% intermediate plants. the analysis of half-sib progeny (f1 generation) obtained from in situ open pollination demonstrates the cytoplasmic determination of male sterility in beta maritima and the restoration of fertility by nuclear genes. the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and the chloroplast dna (ctdna) of sixteen f1 plants, extracted ... | 1987 | 24241183 |
| inhibition of na/h antiport activity in sugar beet tonoplast by analogs of amiloride. | the effects of amiloride and a series of amiloride analogs have been tested on the na(+)/h(+) antiport activity in intact vacuoles and tonoplast vesicles isolated from sugar beet cell suspension cultures. there is a competitive interaction between amiloride analogs and sodium. substitution of one or both h-atoms of the 5-amino group of amiloride (apparent k(i) about 150 micromolar) resulted in a 3- to 200-fold increase in inhibitory potency of the antiport activity. | 1987 | 16665675 |
| [functional activity of the glutathione-ascorbic acid system in sugar beet growers]. | | 1987 | 3424752 |
| sucrose phosphatase associated with vacuole preparations from red beet, sugar beet, and immature sugarcane stem. | the specific phosphatase, sucrose phosphate phosphohydrolase (sucrose phosphatase, ec 3.1.3.24) was present in vacuole preparations from storage tissue of red beet (beta vulgaris l.), sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. cultivar kawemono), and immature sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrid, cultivar nco 310). in red beet vacuole preparations the specific activity of sucrose phosphatase, using the naturally occurring vacuole marker, betanin, as reference, was higher than the specific activity of cytoplasmic ... | 1987 | 16665598 |
| proton transport in plasma membrane and tonoplast vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue : a comparative study of ion effects on deltaph and deltapsi. | the proton transport properties of plasma membrane and tonoplast vesicles isolated from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue were examined and compared. membrane vesicles isolated with 250 millimolar kcl in the homogenization media and recovered at low density following sucrose density gradient centrifugation displayed characteristics of proton transport (nitrate inhibition, no inhibition by orthovanadate, ph optimum of 7.75, pyrophosphate-driven proton transport) which were consistent wit ... | 1987 | 16665490 |
| (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan synthase from sugar beet : ii. product inhibition by udp. | the mode of inhibition of udp, one of the products of the reaction catalyzed by (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan synthase in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) was investigated. in the absence of added udp, the enzyme, in the presence of ca(2+), mg(2+), and cellobiose, exhibited michaelis-menten kinetics and had an apparent k(m) of 260 micromolar for udp-glucose. complex effects on the kinetics of the (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan synthase were observed in the presence of udp. at high udp-glucose concentrations, i.e. g ... | 1987 | 16665479 |
| sterol conjugates of two phenotypically different calli of beta vulgaris. | steryl glycosides are the predominant form of sterol at 88% of the total sterol in non-betalain producing calli of beta vulgaris. the total sterol decreases and sterol form shifts from steryl glycosides to 97% free sterol upon the transition of non-betalain to betalain producing calli. a substantial decrease in stigmasterol (24α--ethylcholesta-5,22e-dien-3β-ol) and sitosterol (24α-ethylcholest-5-en-3β-ol) levels is observed during this transition, and alters the ratio of δ(7):δ(5) sterols. spina ... | 1987 | 24248657 |
| effects of fusicoccin and abscisic acid on glucose uptake into isolated beetroot protoplasts. | uptake of glucose, 3-o-methylglucose and sucrose into beetroot protoplasts is considerably stimulated by 10(-6)m fusicoccin. this effect is decreased in the presence of 10mm na(+) or k(+), 2 mm mg(2+) or ca(2+). whereas fusicoccin causes no change in the ph-optimum of the sugar uptake (ph 5.0), the apparent km of this uptake which obeys a biphasic kinetics is decreased by the action of fusicoccin. in the protoplast suspension, fusicoccin induces an acidification which is suppressed by uncoupling ... | 1987 | 24227331 |
| selective production of sealed plasma membrane vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. | modification of our previous procedure for the isolation of microsomal membrane vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue allowed the recovery of sealed membrane vesicles displaying proton transport activity sensitive to both nitrate and orthovanadate. in the absence of a high salt concentration in the homogenization medium, contributions of nitrate-sensitive (tonoplast) and vanadate-sensitive (plasma membrane) proton transport were roughly equal. the addition of 0.25 m kcl to the ... | 1987 | 2437861 |
| in vitro induction of haploid plants from unpollinated ovules and ovaries of the sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.). | haploid plantlets from male fertile and male sterile sugarbeet plants could be induced at frequencies up to 2.2% using ovule culture. ovary culture on media without charcoal resulted in a similar induction frequency. plant development was inhibited by callus development originating from the mother tissue. when the callus parts were removed and the ovule transferred to a new medium without 2,4 d, callus formation could be inhibited by adding 0.5% charcoal to the medium. up to 6.1% haploids were i ... | 1987 | 24241304 |
| partial purification of digitonin-solubilized beta-glucan synthase from red beet root. | an enriched glucan synthase fraction was obtained from red beet root microsomes by sequential extraction with the detergents 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate and digitonin. the digitonin suspension was centrifuged on a glycerol gradient, where a glucan synthase peak with a specific activity of 30- to 40-fold over microsomes was recovered. most protein contaminants were found in the gradient pellet. the glucan synthase-containing fraction was largely free of plasma membra ... | 1987 | 16665376 |
| salt tolerance in suspension cultures of sugar beet : induction of na/h antiport activity at the tonoplast by growth in salt. | cell suspension cultures of sugar beet were grown at various salinities (0-200 millimolar nacl). their tolerance to na(+) was comparable to that of the intact plant. tonoplast vesicles were prepared by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of microsomal membranes and shown to be highly purified. the vesicles were subjected to a ph jump in the presence of acridine orange and the rate of recovery of fluorescence after addition of na(+) was used as a measure of na(+)-dependent h(+) efflux. in the ... | 1987 | 16665356 |
| the regulation of turgor pressure during sucrose mobilisation and salt accumulation by excised storage-root tissue of red beet. | the changes in turgor pressure that accompany the mobilisation of sucrose and accumulation of salts by excised disks of storage-root tissue of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) have been investigated. disks were washed in solutions containing mannitol until all of their sucrose had disappeared and then were transferred to solutions containing 5 mol·m(-3) kcl+5 mol·m(-3) nacl in addition to the mannitol. changes in solute contents, osmotic pressure and turgor pressure (measured with a pressure probe) w ... | 1987 | 24232965 |
| the influence of atmospheric humidity on leaf expansion in beta vulgaris l. | humidity effects on leaf expansion in sugar beets (beta vulgaris l.) were explored using linear variable differential transducers. in continuous light, an increase in relative humidity (rh) from 35 to 61 or 75% resulted in a rapid increase in leaf extension which was maintained for 10-15 min before slowing down. increasing rh from 35 to 85% increased leaf-extension rate (ler) in light and in dark and substantially diminished the ratio of dark ler to light ler, showing that high humidity can offs ... | 1987 | 24232963 |