| [effects of nutrient medium composition and temperature on the germination of conidia and the entomopathogenic activity of the fungi]. | the effects of nutrient medium composition and temperature on the germination of conidia of the fungi beauveria bassiana (strain alg) and metarhizium anisopliae (strain m-99) and their entomopathogenic activity have been studied. it was demonstrated that the presence of carbohydrates alone was sufficient for the spores of m. anisopliae m-99 to germinate, whereas the germination of b. bassiana alg spores was inhibited by carbohydrates. addition of kj, znso4, or kbr into the czapek medium increase ... | 2006 | 16521582 |
| characterization and ultrastructural localization of chitinases from metarhizium anisopliae, m. flavoviride, and beauveria bassiana during fungal invasion of host (manduca sexta) cuticle. | extracellular chitinases have been suggested to be virulence factors in fungal entomopathogenicity. we employed isoelectric focusing and a set of three fluorescent substrates to investigate the numbers and types of chitinolytic enzymes produced by the entomopathogenic fungi metarhizium anisopliae, metarhizium flavoviride, and beauveria bassiana. each species produced a variety of n-acetyl-(beta)-d-glucosaminidases and endochitinases during growth in media containing insect cuticle. m. flavovirid ... | 1996 | 16535278 |
| culture age, temperature, and ph affect the polyol and trehalose contents of fungal propagules. | the growth and conidial physiology of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, and paecilomyces farinosus were studied under different conditions. the effects of culture age (up to 120 days), temperature (5 to 35(deg)c), and ph (2.9 to 11.1) were determined. growth was optimal at ph 5 to 8 for each isolate and between 20 and 35(deg)c, depending on the isolate. the predominant polyol in conidia was mannitol, with up to 39, 134, and 61 mg g of conidia(sup-1) for b. ba ... | 1996 | 16535354 |
| boophilus microplus infection by beauveria amorpha and beauveria bassiana: sem analysis and regulation of subtilisin-like proteases and chitinases. | beauveria bassiana is a well-known broad-range arthropod pathogen which has been used in biological control of several pest insects and ticks such as boophilus microplus. beauveria amorpha has both endophytic and entomopathogenic characteristics, but its capacity for biological control has still not been studied. during the processes of host infection, b. bassiana and b. amorpha produce several hydrolytic extracellular enzymes, including proteases and chitinases, which probably degrade the host ... | 2005 | 15886912 |
| global gene expression analysis of anopheles gambiae responses to microbial challenge. | anopheles gambiae transcript responses to experimental challenge with heat inactivated salmonella typhimurium, staphylococcus aureus and beauveria bassiana have been analyzed with an affymetrix genechip comprising the entire predicted mosquito transcriptome. significant up- or down-regulation (greater than 2-fold) can be assayed for approximately 2% of the mosquito transcriptome and affected genes represent a variety of functional classes that include immunity, apoptosis, stress response, detoxi ... | 2005 | 15894188 |
| molecular characterisation of beauveria bassiana isolates obtained from overwintering sites of sunn pests (eurygaster and aelia species). | 110 isolates of beauveria (104 b. bassiana, 5 beauveria spp., 1 b. brongniartii) were obtained from sunn pests (eurygaster and aelia species), litter, and other insect samples at overwintering sites in seven countries in the middle east and west asia. dna was extracted from these isolates, and four techniques were used to characterize and to investigate genetic diversity at the molecular level: its-rflp, its sequencing, issr-pcr, and aflp. the its-rflp and its sequences did not detect significan ... | 2005 | 15912946 |
| performance of a prototype baited-trap in attracting and infecting the tick amblyomma variegatum (acari: ixodidae) in field experiments. | investigations were commenced to study the potential use of the fungi, beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, and the attraction-aggregation-attachment pheromone (aaap) for the control of ambloyomma variegatum as an environmentally friendly technology. the objective of the study was to develop and test a device, which could be used for pheromone and carbon dioxide delivery and infection of ticks with the fungi in an attempt to control the tick populations in the vegetation. using a pheromon ... | 2006 | 16596354 |
| wolbachia infection suppresses both host defence and parasitoid counter-defence. | endosymbiotic bacteria in the genus wolbachia have been linked to several types of reproductive parasitism, which enhance their own transmission, while their direct effects on the host vary from beneficial to neutral or detrimental. here, we report negative effects of infection on immunity-related traits of drosophila simulans and the parasitoid wasp leptopilina heterotoma. infected d. simulans showed a reduced ability to encapsulate parasitoid eggs, compared to a tetracycline-treated, bacterium ... | 2006 | 16618671 |
| in vitro entomopathogenic activity of beauveria bassiana against psoroptes spp. (acari: psoroptidae). | an indigenous strain (ihem 18747) of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin (deuteromycetes) was evaluated for its in vitro entomopathogenic activity against the parasitic mite psoroptes ovis hering (acari: psoroptidae) from rabbits. the following aspects were evaluated: (1) effects of conidial concentration on the viability of adult females; (2) influence of the infection on the fertility, and on the hatchability of eggs; (3) and transmission of infection between mites, and from contaminated su ... | 2006 | 16621292 |
| nucleotide excision repair and photoreactivation in the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana, beauveria brongniartii, beauveria nivea, metarhizium anisopliae, paecilomyces farinosus and verticillium lecanii. | to compare the dna repair capabilities of the entomopathogenic fungus (epf) bassiana to the epf beauveria brongniartii, beauveria nivea, metarhizium anisopliae, paecilomyces farinosus, verticillium lecanii, and the fungi aspergillus niger and neurospora crassa. | 2006 | 16629997 |
| novel blastospore-based transformation system for integration of phosphinothricin resistance and green fluorescence protein genes into beauveria bassiana. | a novel system was developed for efficient transformation of the fungal biocontrol agent beauveria bassiana. competent blastospores were prepared and stored in liac- and glycerol-inclusive suspension at -76 degrees c for sequential use in transformation. the system was successfully applied to integrating phosphinothricin resistance gene bar and enhanced green fluorescence protein gene egfp into b. bassiana via blastospore absorption of a plasmid vectoring bar and egfp. a frequency of 24 transfor ... | 2006 | 16639560 |
| carbon requirements of some nematophagous, entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic hyphomycetes as fungal biocontrol agents. | thirty-three carbon sources were evaluated for their effects on spore germination, hyphal growth and sporulation of 11 fungal biocontrol agents, i.e. the nematophagous fungi paecilomyces lilacinus, pochonia chlamydosporia, hirsutella rhossiliensis, h. minnesotensis and arkansas fungus 18, the entomopathogenic fungi lecanicillium lecanii, beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae, and the mycoparasitic fungus trichoderma viride. variations in carbon requirements were found among the fungal sp ... | 2006 | 16649079 |
| biological control of ticks. | ticks have numerous natural enemies, but only a few species have been evaluated as tick biocontrol agents (bcas). some laboratory results suggest that several bacteria are pathogenic to ticks, but their mode of action and their potential value as biocontrol agents remain to be determined. the most promising entomopathogenic fungi appear to be metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana, strains of which are already commercially available for the control of some pests. development of effective ... | 2004 | 15938520 |
| effect of high temperature and water stress on in vitro germination and growth in isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuillemin. | in non-irrigated agricultural fields in tropical zones, high temperature and water stress prevail during the main cropping season. natural epizootics of beauveria bassiana on lepidopteran pests occur during winter. application of b. bassiana during hot months when pest populations are at their climax may prove an effective management strategy. therefore, 29 isolates of b. bassiana were tested for their ability to germinate and grow in temperature and water availability conditions prevailing duri ... | 2005 | 15955335 |
| microbial transformation of curvularin. | the microbiological transformation of curvularin (1) with beauveria bassiana atcc 7159 afforded three new metabolites identified as curvularin-7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (2), curvularin-4'-o-methyl-7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (3), and 6-hydroxycurvularin-4'-o-methyl-6-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4) resulting from hydroxylation, glucosidation, and methylglucosidation of the substrate. isolation of 6-methyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl-4'-o-methyl-1-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (5) from the fermentation broth of ... | 2005 | 16124776 |
| adhesion of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria (cordyceps) bassiana to substrata. | the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana produces at least three distinct single-cell propagules, aerial conidia, vegetative cells termed blastospores, and submerged conidia, which can be isolated from agar plates, from rich broth liquid cultures, and under nutrient limitation conditions in submerged cultures, respectively. fluorescently labeled fungal cells were used to quantify the kinetics of adhesion of these cell types to surfaces having various hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties. ... | 2005 | 16151112 |
| volatile organic compounds released by the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | the composition of volatile organic compounds (voc) released by the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (hyphomycete: deuteromycotina) utilizing two different carbon sources was investigated. analyses were performed by solid-phase microextraction (spme) coupled to capillary gas chromatography (cgc) and cgc-mass spectrometry (ms). major components in glucose-grown cultures were diisopropyl naphthalenes, ethanol, and sesquiterpenes. alkane-grown fungal voc switched to a fingerprint with pre ... | 2008 | 16733086 |
| allee effect in the infection dynamics of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (bals) vuill. on the beetle, mylabris pustulata. | successful infection by beauveria bassiana as with all other entomopathogenic fungi, is accomplished only at a high conidial dose while, theoretically, a single conidium should be sufficient. indeed, this is a major deterrent in its use as a biocontrol agent. high pathogen load for infection is required by organisms which display 'allee' effect. in such organisms, a threshold exists for pathogen dose, below which no infection can be caused. b. bassiana has a semelparous life cycle and, therefore ... | 2006 | 16761186 |
| genetic diversity, reproductive biology, and speciation in the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin. | beauveria bassiana, a mitosporic fungus used for the biological control of many insect species, is recognized as a "species complex" comprising genetically diverse lineages. being predominantly asexual, mating tests cannot be applied to delimit species in this species complex. genetic tests offer an indirect means of identifying species among isolates. to this end, molecular genetic analysis of a sample of b. bassiana isolates with 2 subsamples, 1 representing a worldwide collection and another ... | 2006 | 16767174 |
| new solid-state fermentation chamber for bulk production of aerial conidia of fungal biocontrol agents on rice. | a novel solid-state fermentation apparatus, namely an upright multi-tray conidiation chamber, was developed to facilitate the production of aerial conidia of fungal biocontrol agents, such as beauveria bassiana. the chamber with 25 bottom-meshed metal trays had a capacity of > or =50 kg rice with each tray holding > or =2 kg. in repeated trials, a mean yield of 2.4 (1.8-2.7) x 10(12) conidia kg(-1) rice was harvested from the 7-day cultures of b. bassiana in a fully loaded chamber. the new appar ... | 2006 | 16786244 |
| phylogenetic origins of african and neotropical beauveria bassiana s.l. pathogens of the coffee berry borer, hypothenemus hampei. | a phylogenetic epidemiological study of beauveria bassiana s.l. was conducted for african and neotropical pathogens of the coffee berry borer (cbb), hypothenemus hampei, based on inferences from two nuclear intergenic regions, efutr and bloc. cbb pathogens were distributed among four terminal clades, however, the majority of african and neotropical isolates cluster in a well-supported monophyletic group, informally designated afneo_1. although the relationship between african and neotropical afn ... | 2006 | 16806258 |
| adhesion of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria (cordyceps) bassiana to substrata. | the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana produces at least three distinct single-cell propagules, aerial conidia, vegetative cells termed blastospores, and submerged conidia, which can be isolated from agar plates, from rich broth liquid cultures, and under nutrient limitation conditions in submerged cultures, respectively. fluorescently labeled fungal cells were used to quantify the kinetics of adhesion of these cell types to surfaces having various hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties. ... | 2005 | 16151112 |
| potential of oil-based formulations of beauveria bassiana to control triatoma infestans. | the in vitro development of beauveria bassiana conidia was monitored when immersed in six concentrations of seven non-ionic (mp 6400, mp 600, renex 60, renex 95, span 80, tween 20 and tween 80) and three anionic (dos 75, hostapaval bvq 9 and surfax 220) surfactants and 11 vegetable oils (linseed, soybean, groundnut, rapeseed, thistle, sunflower, olive, sesame, corn, castor, and babassu). the influence of the oils on the settling behavior of triatoma infestans nymphs and the activity of an oil-wa ... | 2005 | 16160769 |
| seasonal abundance and mortality of oebalus poecilus (dallas) (hemiptera: pentatomidae) in a hibernation refuge. | oebalus poecilus (dallas) is an important pest affecting irrigated rice in rio grande do sul, brazil. it hibernates during the coldest months of the year in refuges such as bamboo litter. this study examined o. poecilus hibernation to determine the causes of mortality during this period. the study was conducted in a 140 m(2) bamboo plantation located in a rice-growing area in eldorado do sul county (30 degrees 02 s and 51 degrees 23 w), rs. during june 2000 to april 2002, 63 samples of litter we ... | 2006 | 16862299 |
| [the enzymatic activity of fungi strains isolated from the skin and skin appendages of humans returning from the tropics]. | the aim of the work was to assess the enzymatic activity of 11 fungi strains isolated from the skin of 10 lódź residents who had visited the tropics over 1998-1999. the strains were cultured by jeske and lupa of the voivodeship outpatient clinic of infectious, parasitic and tropical diseases and fungal infections in lódź. they were as follows: trichophyton rubrum and acremonium kiliense from zambia, myriodontium keratinophilum, beauveria bassiana, cladosporium herbarum, candida famata and tricho ... | 2001 | 16886418 |
| medium components and culture conditions affect the thermotolerance of aerial conidia of fungal biocontrol agent beauveria bassiana. | to produce more thermotolerable conidia of beauveria bassiana, a well-known fungal biocontrol agent, by optimizing the medium components and culture conditions. | 2006 | 16910941 |
| acquisition of lethal doses of beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, exposed to foliar spray residues of formulated and unformulated conidia. | secondary acquisition of beauveria bassiana conidia was recorded on the whole bodies and selected body parts of second-instar nymphs and adult female western flower thrips exposed to foliar spray residues of three differently formulated conidial preparations, for 24 h. conidia were formulated in emulsifiable oil or with clay (wettable powder), or were essentially unformulated conidia (technical grade powder suspended in water with a surfactant). formulation had no significant effect on dose acqu ... | 2005 | 16165151 |
| susceptibility of agrilus planipennis (coleoptera: buprestidae) to beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae. | the susceptibility of agrilus planipennis fairmaire (coleoptera: buprestidae) to selected strains of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin and metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin was evaluated through bioassays with direct immersion or foliar exposure under laboratory conditions. results showed that a. planipennis adults were susceptible to b. bassiana and m. anisoplae. significant time-mortality response was found for each isolates. isolate b. bassiana gha ... | 2006 | 16937660 |
| importance of direct spray and spray residue contact for infection of trichoplusia ni larvae by field applications of beauveria bassiana. | commercial formulations and unformulated conidia of beauveria bassiana strain gha were applied to field-grown plants and artificially infested with trichoplusia ni (hübner) larvae to compare the relative insecticidal activity resulting from direct spray contact with insecticidal activity due to contact with dry spray residue. in general, applications to cabbage, brassica oleracea l., resulted in nearly equal mortalities when comparing insects exposed to direct spray contact with those exposed by ... | 2006 | 16937663 |
| [genetic diversity of beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. in forest ecosystem assessed by inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) markers]. | in the present paper, the genetic diversity of 48 beauveria bassiana strains from different altitudes and at different seasons in dabie mountains of western anhui was estimated using inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) markers. twelve among 33 issr primers were chosen for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. seven (2 - 11) markers per primer were scored, and a total of 84 fragments were amplified, in which 73 (81%) were polymorphic. genetic diversity analysis revealed a relatively high l ... | 2006 | 16941785 |
| beauveria bassiana pathogenicity to the citrus rust mite phyllocoptruta oleivora. | the pathogenicity of beauveria bassiana to one of the major pests of citrus crops, phyllocoptruta oleivora, was assessed by inoculating mites with different concentrations of conidia (1 x 10(6), 5 x 10(6), 1 x 10(7), 5 x 10(7) and 1 x 10(8)). treated mites were kept at controlled conditions (25 +/- 0.5 degrees c, 12 h photoperiod and 98% relative humidity) and mite survivorship was evaluated daily. mortality was found to increase in time and was dependent on the conidia concentration, with value ... | 2005 | 16180077 |
| evaluation of the time-concentration-mortality responses of plutella xylostella larvae to the interaction of beauveria bassiana with a nereistoxin analogue insecticide. | six bioassays were conducted to evaluate the interaction between beauveria bassiana sg8702 and a nereistoxin analogue insecticide, diammonium s,s'-(2-dimethylaminotrimethylene)di(thiosulfate), which is highly compatible with the fungal biocontrol agent against diamondback moth plutella xylostella (l.). second-instar larvae were exposed to sprays of b. bassiana alone (assay 1) at concentrations of 21-38, 157-232 and 822-1133 conidia mm(-2) or together with the insecticide at the low application r ... | 2006 | 16235267 |
| differential expression of chitin synthase (chs) and glucan synthase (fks) genes correlates with the formation of a modified, thinner cell wall in in vivo-produced beauveria bassiana cells. | during infection (in vivo), the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana produces yeast-like cells that are surrounded by modified cell walls. these modifications have been related to the fungus ability to limit recognition by the host defense system. the composition of the in vivo cell wall was analyzed using a combination of cytochemical and molecular techniques. the in vivo cell walls still contained both chitin and 1,3-beta-glucan, but they were significantly thinner than in vitro cell wal ... | 2005 | 16244899 |
| molecular and immunological characterization of allergens from the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | entomopathogenic fungi such as beauveria bassiana are considered promising biological control agents for a variety of arthropod pests. beauveria species, however, have the potential to elicit allergenic reactions in humans, although no specific allergens have been characterized to date. | 2006 | 16995945 |
| [evaluation for enhanced aphidicidal activity of a noval emulsifiable formulation of beauveria bassiana conidia]. | a noval emulsifiable formulation (ef) of beauveria bassiana sg8702 containing 10(10) conidia/ml was prepared by suspending dry conidia in mineral oil-based liquid containing emulsifier, stabilizer and uv protectant (emulsion), and then bioassayed on newly merged adults of the green peach aphid, myzus percisae, in parallel to the unformulated conidia (uc). for inoculation, five gradient concentrations of aqueous ef and uc suspensions (5 x 10(5) - 1 x 10(8) conidia/ml) were separately sprayed on t ... | 2003 | 16276902 |
| temperature and moisture requirements for conidial germination of an isolate of beauveria bassiana, pathogenic to rhodnius prolixus. | the effects of temperature, relative humidity and water activity on germination of conidia of an isolate of beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. pathogenic to the triatomine vector of chagas' disease, rhodnius prolixus stål., were investigated in vitro. germination occurred at temperatures between 15 degrees c and 35 degrees c under saturated atmosphere and the optima ranged from 25 degrees c to 30 degrees c. at the extreme temperatures tested (15 degrees c and 35 degrees c) the germination process ... | 1997 | 16283112 |
| oribatid mites as potential vectors for soil microfungi: study of mite-associated fungal species. | the ability of soil-living oribatid mites to disperse fungal propagules on their bodies was investigated. classical plating methods were applied to cultivate these fungi and to study their morphology. molecular markers were used for further determination. the nuclear ribosomal large subunit and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer of dna extracts of the cultured fungi as well as total dna extracts of the mites themselves, also containing fungal dna, were amplified and sequenced. bas ... | 2005 | 16333718 |
| phylogenetic and structural analyses of the mating-type loci in clavicipitaceae. | entomopathogens and other econutritional fungi belonging to clavicipitaceae were phylogenetically analyzed on the basis of the 18s rrna gene and mating-type genes (mat1-1-1 and mat1-2-1). the phylogenies of the mating-type genes yielded better resolutions than that of 18s rrna gene. entomopathogens (cordyceps bassiana, cordyceps brongniartii, cordyceps militaris, cordyceps sinclairii, cordyceps takaomontana, isaria cateniannulata, isaria farinosa, isaria fumosorosea, isaria javanica, lecanicilli ... | 2006 | 17064371 |
| carbohydrate storage in the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana was grown in 1% (wt/vol) gelatin-liquid media singly supplemented with a monosaccharide (glucose or fructose), a disaccharide (maltose or trehalose), a polyol (glycerol, mannitol, or sorbitol), or the amino sugar n-acetyl-d-glucosamine. the relative contributions of the carbohydrate, protein, and water contents in the fungal biomass were determined. carbohydrates composed 18 to 42% of the mycelial dry weight, and this value was lowest in unsupplemen ... | 1990 | 16348325 |
| a toll receptor and a cytokine, toll5a and spz1c, are involved in toll antifungal immune signaling in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | the fungal-specific immune response in the mosquito aedes aegypti involves the toll immune pathway transduced through rel1, a homologue of the nf-kappab transcription factor drosophila dorsal. the toll receptor and its ligand, spätzle (spz), link extracellular immune signals to the toll intracellular transduction pathway. five homologues to the drosophila toll (toll1) receptor (toll1a, toll1b, toll5a, toll5b, and toll4) and three homologues to the drosophila cytokine spätzle (spz1a, 1b, and 1c) ... | 2006 | 17068331 |
| genetic diversity and population structure among strains of the entomopathogenic fungus, beauveria bassiana, as revealed by inter-simple sequence repeats (issr). | inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) markers were used to investigate genetic diversity among 39 isolates of beauveria spp. (36 b. bassiana, one b. brongniartii, one b. amorpha, and one b. velata) isolated from different insect hosts and geographical origins. eighteen among 33 primers that contained different simple sequence repeats (ssr) were chosen for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. considerable intraspecific and interspecific variability among the isolates of beauveria spp. was r ... | 2005 | 16353636 |
| status of eldana saccharina (lepidoptera: pyralidae), its host plants and natural enemies in ethiopia. | surveys for sugarcane stem borers were undertaken in ethiopia to determine the prevalence and distribution of these and their natural enemies in crops and indigenous host plants. eldana saccharina walker was not recovered from sugarcane, but was present in three indigenous wetland sedges, cyperus papyrus, c. fastigiatus and c. dives in the southern, central and northern part of the country. the latter indigenous host plant was present in waterways adjacent to sugarcane on the commercial sugar es ... | 2006 | 17092361 |
| exploiting the genetic diversity of beauveria bassiana for improving the biological control of the coffee berry borer through the use of strain mixtures. | beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogen widely used to control the coffee berry borer in colombia, as part of an integrated pest management strategy. traditionally, the development of fungal insect pathogens as biocontrol agents in crop pests has been oriented towards the selection and formulation of elite clonal strains. instead, we explored the potential application of genetic diversity in b. bassiana by determining the effect of strain mixtures on coffee berry borer mortality compared to clon ... | 2006 | 16362818 |
| study on morphology, pathogenicity, and genetic variability of beauveria bassiana isolates obtained from boophilus microplus tick. | fifty isolates of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin, 1912 (ascomycota: clavicipitaceae) were analyzed by morphology, for their pathogenic potential to boophilus microplus (canestrini, 1887) (acari: ixodidae) larvae, and by random amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction technique. morphological analysis demonstrated that isolates present characteristics compatible to those described for b. bassiana in the literature. virulence test demonstrated that all isolates present lethal ef ... | 2006 | 16374618 |
| a new method to evaluate the biocontrol potential of single spore isolates of fungal entomopathogens. | fifty beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin (ascomycota: hypocreales) strains isolated from the coffee berry borer were used to develop a novel screening method aimed at selecting strains with the highest biocontrol potential. the screening method is based on percent insect mortality, average survival time, mortality distribution, percent spore germination, fungal life cycle duration, and spore production on the insect. based on these parameters, only 11 strains merited further study. the use o ... | 2005 | 17119619 |
| susceptibility of biological stages of the horn fly, haematobia irritans, to entomopathogenic fungi (hyphomycetes). | the susceptibility of the egg, pupa, and adult of haematobia irritans (l.) (diptera: muscidae) to isolates of the fungi metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sor., beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill., and paecilomyces fumosoroseus (wize) brown and smith, was evaluated under laboratory conditions. groups of 20 eggs than 4 h old, pupae less than 48h old and adults were sprayed with a conidial suspension of each isolate. eggs, pupae and adults of horn fly were susceptible to these entomopathogenic fungi. ... | 2005 | 17119632 |
| isolation and characterisation of beauveria bassiana isolates from phylloplanes of hedgerow vegetation. | a leaf imprinting technique combined with a selective medium was used to document the natural occurrence of beauveria bassiana on phylloplanes of typical hedgerow plants (grasses, stinging nettle and hawthorn) in may, july and september in a hedgerow in denmark. the density of b. bassiana (as measured by numbers of colony forming units) was greatest in september and on lower nettle leaves. b. bassiana was isolated from phylloplanes in a different hedgerow the following year and a similar picture ... | 2006 | 16378721 |
| acyl-coa oxidase activity from beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic fungus. | beauveria bassiana produces acyl-co oxidase (aco) in the p(20000 g) fraction of glucose and alkane-grown cultures that catalyze the oxidation of acyl-coas of different chain length. the activity was measured indirectly over the formation of h2o2 via the oxidative-coupled assay system. aco activity was assessed spectrophotometrically in the p(20000 g) fraction of glucose-grown (fs0) and n-alkane grown cultures (fs(alk)), employing acyl-coas of 16 to 24 carbons as substrates. a significant increme ... | 2006 | 17139608 |
| a beauveria phylogeny inferred from nuclear its and ef1-alpha sequences: evidence for cryptic diversification and links to cordyceps teleomorphs. | beauveria is a globally distributed genus of soil-borne entomopathogenic hyphomycetes of interest as a model system for the study of entomopathogenesis and the biological control of pest insects. species recognition in beauveria is difficult due to a lack of taxonomically informative morphology. this has impeded assessment of species diversity in this genus and investigation of their natural history. a gene-genealogical approach was used to investigate molecular phylogenetic diversity of beauver ... | 2005 | 16389960 |
| [pathogenicity of hyphomycet fungi to aphids aphis gossypii glover and myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | the aphids aphis gossypii and myzus persicae are cosmopolitan, poliphagous and damage cultivated plants. the effects of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana (isolate ibcb 66), metarhizium anisopliae (isolate ibcb 121), paecilomyces fumosoroseus (isolate ibcb 141) and lecanicillium (= verticillium) lecanii (isolate jab 02) on third instar nymphs of a. gossypii and m. persicae were evaluated in the laboratory at 25 degrees c, 70 +/- 10% rh and 12h photophase. the aphids were transferred t ... | 2006 | 17144139 |
| sublethal effects of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes) on the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) under laboratory conditions. | sublethal effects were evaluated in subsequent generations of whiteflies bemisia tabaci (gennadius) arising from parental generations exposed in the four nymphal stages to the fungus beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin. examples of such effects include impaired fertility, production of malformations or external variations, and reduced survival of later generations. malformations of the head, legs, wings or abdomen were not observed in adults derived from treated nymphs, nor were negative effe ... | 2006 | 17146585 |
| biological control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus by different strains of metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana and lecanicillium psalliotae fungi. | virulence of 11 native strains of entomopathogenic fungi; metarhizium anisopliae (three strains), beauveria bassiana (six strains) and lecanicillium psalliotae (two strains) collected from different parts of iran, were studied against different developmental stages of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus. after the exposure of ticks to the fungal strains in different concentrations (i.e. 10(3), 10(5), 10(7) conidia/ml), various parameters such as mortality rate and reproductive efficiency of engo ... | 2007 | 17186273 |
| quantification of ultraviolet-c irradiation induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and their removal in beauveria bassiana conidiospore dna. | ultraviolet (uv) radiation-induced dna damage leading to entomopathogenic fungal inactivation is commonly measured by viability counts. here we report the first quantification of uv-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (cpd) in dna of the entomopathogenic fungus, beauveria bassiana. changes in the mobility of uv-c irradiated dna were resolved with cpd specific bacteriophage t4 endonuclease v and alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis. the maximum number of cpd formed in b. bassiana dna in vitro b ... | 2005 | 16392251 |
| pathogenicity of three formulations of entomopathogenic fungi for control of adult haematobia irritans (diptera: muscidae). | powder formulations of three species of entomopathogenic fungi were evaluated for their pathogenic effect upon adult horn flies, hematobia irritans (l.) (diptera: muscidae). flies were treated with conidia and blastospores of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. (strain gha), metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin (strain esci), and paecilomyces fimosoroseus (wize) brown & smith (strain arsef 3581) in the laboratory. at 4 d postexposure, flies treated with b. bassi ... | 2006 | 17195658 |
| effect of combining imidacloprid and diatomaceous earth with beauveria bassiana on mole cricket (orthoptera: gryllotalpidae) mortality. | sublethal doses of three orthopteran-derived strains of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin were topically applied to adult southern mole crickets, scapteriscus borellii giglio-tos (orthoptera: gryllotalpidae), and tested in combination with substrate treatments of diatomaceous earth (de) and imidacloprid. crickets treated only with the high doses (10(8) conidia per cricket) of each of the three b. bassiana strains exhibited the shortest survival times as well as the highest percentage mortal ... | 2006 | 17195659 |
| laboratory evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae against puparia and adults of ceratitis capitata (diptera: tephritidae). | laboratory experiments were done to measure the pathogenicity of 10 autochthonous isolates of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuill. and of five metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorok. toward puparia and adults of the mediterranean fruit fly, ceratitis capitata (wiedemann) (diptera: tephritidae). although all isolates applied via inoculation of the fungal suspensions on the ventral surface of the abdomen were pathogenic to adults, with mortality rates ranging from 30 to 100% and average survival ti ... | 2006 | 17195660 |
| [evaluation of cellular response in engorged females of boophilus microplus (canestrini, 1887) inoculated with metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana, penicillium corylophilum or fusarium oxysporum]. | the effect of beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, penicillium corylophilum or fusarium oxysporum on the dynamic of hemocytes presented in the haemolymph of engorged females of boophilus microplus was studied. the inoculation was carried out with conidia suspension of different fungi in the concentration of 10(8) conidia/ml. a negative control group was inoculated with 0.1% tween 80 water solution and a testimony group was comprised of non inoculated ticks. the haemolymph samples were col ... | 2006 | 17196118 |
| biosynthesis of the 2-pyridone tenellin in the insect pathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | genomic dna from the insect pathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana was used as a template in a pcr with degenerate primers designed to amplify a fragment of a c-methyl transferase (cmet) domain from a highly reduced fungal polyketide synthase (pks). the resulting 270-bp pcr product was homologous to other fungal pks cmet domains and was used as a probe to isolate a 7.3-kb fragment of genomic dna from a bamh1 library. further library probing and tail-pcr then gave a 21.9-kb contig that encoded a 12 ... | 2007 | 17216664 |
| antibacterial activity and in vitro anti-tumor activity of the extract of the larvae of the housefly (musca domestica). | one of the significant characteristics of traditional chinese medicine is the use of insects, other terrestrial arthropods and their products as drugs. in the present work, the extract of housefly (musca domestica) larvae was studied by an agar well diffusion assay and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) determination for detection of antimicrobial activity and by mtt assay method to test its in vitro anti-tumor activity. in our studies, the extract inhibited six tested bacterial pathogens ... | 2007 | 17227700 |
| effect of nutrition on growth and virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | three isolates of the entomopathogen beauveria bassiana along with one strain of metarhizium anisopliae were cultured on seven media with different carbon/nitrogen (c/n) ratios. the effect of nutrition on virulence of the isolates was evaluated via measurement of colony growth, spore yield, germination speed, conidial c/n ratio and pr1 (a serine protease) activity. 'osmotic stress' medium produced the lowest colony growth with low numbers of conidia in all isolates. however, these conidia showed ... | 2007 | 17319877 |
| [selection of beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. and metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorok. isolates against alphitobius diaperinus (panzer) (coleoptera: tenebrionidae)]. | this study was carried out to evaluate entomopathogenic fungi isolates as microbial control agents ofthe lesser mealworm, alphitobius diaperinus (panzer). larvae and adults were inoculated with conidial suspension of 99 isolates of beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. and metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorok. (10(5) to 10(9) conidia/ml). vegetative growth on culture media and sporulation on culture media, cooked rice and lesser mealworm cadavers were also evaluated. isolates of b. bassiana were m ... | 2006 | 17348135 |
| [interaction of metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorok., beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. and the parasitoid oomyzus sokolowskii (kurdjumov) (hymenoptera: eulophidae) with larvae of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae)]. | chemical insecticides are broadly applied to control diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). diamondback moth is a major pest of cruciferous worldwide, and resistance of this pest to insecticide has been often reported. thus, this research investigated the interactions among the fungi metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorok., beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill., and the larval-pupal parasitoid oomyzus sokolowskii (kurdjumov) before and after application of the fungi on dbm larvae offered to the ... | 2006 | 17348136 |
| [community structure of entomogenous fungi in beauveria-inoculated masson's pine forest]. | the study on the community structure of entomogenous fungi in a masson's pine forest having been inoculated with beauveria bassiana for many years showed that there were 4 genus and 7 species of entomogenous fungi, among which, b. bassiana was the dominant species, occupying 63.22% of the total, followed by paeciloniyces (25.86%), metarhizium (9.20%) and verticillumn (1.72%). in terms of insect host diversity, the brillouin index and evenness index were 3.564 and 2.315, and 0.814 and 0.865 for b ... | 2005 | 16515187 |
| screening and secretomic analysis of enthomopatogenic beauveria bassiana isolates in response to cowpea weevil (callosobruchus maculatus) exoskeleton. | the production of cowpea (vigna unguiculata), an important self-sustained crop in latin america and africa, is severely affected by damage by the cowpea weevil callosobruchus maculatus. the presence of a single larva in stored seeds can lead to losses of almost 40%. control of c. maculatus currently relies on the inefficient use of chemical insecticides and post-harvest treatments. the use of entomopathogenic fungus became a reliable alternative for coleopteran pest control and has been extensiv ... | 2007 | 17350346 |
| [effect of temperature and poultry litter in beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. and metarhizium anisopliae (metsch) virulence against the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus (panzer) (coleoptera: tenebrionidae)]. | this study was carried out to evaluate the influence of temperature and poultry litter on germination vegetative growth virulence and conidial production of beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. and metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) isolates on larvae and adults of the lesser mealworm (alphitobius diaperinus) (panzer). the vegetative growth and conidial production were evaluated on culture media. virulence was studied submerging larvae and adults in a conidial suspension (1 x 10(8) conidia/ml). all t ... | 2006 | 17352072 |
| a specific primed immune response in drosophila is dependent on phagocytes. | drosophila melanogaster, like other invertebrates, relies solely on its innate immune response to fight invading microbes; by definition, innate immunity lacks adaptive characteristics. however, we show here that priming drosophila with a sublethal dose of streptococcus pneumoniae protects against an otherwise-lethal second challenge of s. pneumoniae. this protective effect exhibits coarse specificity for s. pneumoniae and persists for the life of the fly. although not all microbial challenges i ... | 2007 | 17352533 |
| duration and spread of an entomopathogenic fungus, beauveria bassiana (deuteromycota: hyphomycetes), used to treat varroa mites (acari: varroidae) in honey bee (hymenoptera: apidae) hives. | a strain of the fungus beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin (deuteromycota: hyphomycetes) isolated from varroa mites, varroa destructor anderson & trueman (acari: varroidae), was used to treat honey bees, apis mellifera l. (hymenoptera: apidae), against varroa mites in southern france. fungal treatment caused a significant increase in the percentage of infected varroa mites compared with control treatments in two field experiments. in the first experiment, hives were treated with a formulation ... | 2007 | 17370802 |
| maturation feeding and transmission of bursaphelenchus xylophilus (nematoda: parasitaphelenchidae) by monochamus alternatus (coleoptera: cerambycidae) inoculated with beauveria bassiana (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes). | we examined the amount of maturation feeding and transmission of pinewood nematodes, bursaphelenchus xylophilus (steiner et buhrer) nickle (nematoda: parasitaphelenchidae), to healthy pine (pinus spp.) trees by pine sawyer monochamus alternatus hope (coleoptera: cerambycidae) adults infected with beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuill. (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes). inoculated beetles fed less than noninoculated beetles, probably because feeding by inoculated beetles began to decrease at about 4 d ... | 2007 | 17370808 |
| impact of moisture on in vitro germination of metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana and their activity on triatoma infestans. | the in vitro germination of 11 metarhizium anisopliae and 11 beauveria bassiana isolates originating from substrates collected in rural peridomestic areas in central brazil where triatomines are common was tested. conidia completed germination up to 24 h after exposure to water activity of > 0.99 aw in all isolates tested. at lower 0.93 aw germination was delayed but conidia of most isolates germinated at high rates (> 98%) within 216 h of incubation. activities of 2 m. anisopliae and 2 b. bassi ... | 2006 | 16546363 |
| susceptibility of adult aethina tumida (coleoptera: nitidulidae) to entomopathogenic fungi. | aethina tumida murray (coleoptera: nitidulidae) is an invasive parasite species in populations of honey bees, apis mellifera l. aiming toward substitution of chemical control, we here identified a naturally occurring fungal pathogen of adult a. tumida from its endemic range in south africa [metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin variety anisopliae strain fi-203]. the susceptibility of adult beetles (n = 400) to this fungus and to three other generalist entomopathogenic fungal isolates [me ... | 2006 | 16573316 |
| endophytic colonization of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) leaves by entomopathogenic fungi. | light and scanning electron microscopy together with fungal isolation techniques were used to detect entomopathogenic fungi within young and adult date palm (phoenix dactylifera) petioles and to assess fungal survival in leaf tissues. the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana, lecanicillium dimorphum and lecanicillium c.f. psalliotae survived inside leaf tissues at least 30 days after inoculation. entomopathogenic fungi colonized inoculated petioles endophytically and were recovered up to 3c ... | 2006 | 16581255 |
| selection of entomopathogenic fungi for use in combination with sub-lethal doses of imidacloprid: perspectives for the control of the leaf-cutting ant atta sexdens rubropilosa forel (hymenoptera: formicidae). | in the first part of this study, four isolates of the fungus beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuillemin (lpp1, lpp2, cg05 and cg24) and one isolate of metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorokin (cg46) were tested against adult foragers of atta sexdens rubropilosa. ants were allowed to walk on filter paper discs, inside petri dishes, previously impregnated with 1 ml of a conidia suspension (2 x 10(7) conidia ml(-1)), maintained at 80% rh and 26 degrees c for 24 h and subsequently, transferred to sterile ... | 2007 | 17404893 |
| endophytic colonisation of opium poppy, papaver somniferum, by an entomopathogenic beauveria bassiana strain. | beauveria bassiana strain eabb 04/01-tip isolated from stem-borer larvae of timaspis papaveris (hymenoptera: cynipidae), a serious pest of opium poppy in spain, was shown to be able to become established endophytically in this pharmaceutical crop. microbiological, molecular and light and electron microscopic methods were used to study fungal colonisation and to describe its mode of penetration. after inoculation with a foliar spray of conidia, microbiological methods showed 100% of plants examin ... | 2006 | 16649082 |
| metabolism of parthenin by beauveria bassiana atcc 7159. | two new metabolites were isolated from the biotransformation reaction of parthenin by beauveria bassiana atcc 7159 along with the known naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones hymenolin and dihydrocoronopilin. the new metabolites: are 3beta,4beta,6beta-trihydroxy-10alphah,11alpha-methyl-ambrosa-1 -en-12-oic acid-gamma-lactone and 3alpha,6beta-dihydroxy-4beta-hydroperoxy-10alphah, 11alpha-methyl-ambrosa-1-en-12-oic acid-gamma-lactone. the structure elucidation of these compounds was achieved b ... | 2007 | 17416201 |
| endophytic colonisation of opium poppy, papaver somniferum, by an entomopathogenic beauveria bassiana strain. | beauveria bassiana strain eabb 04/01-tip isolated from stem-borer larvae of timaspis papaveris (hymenoptera: cynipidae), a serious pest of opium poppy in spain, was shown to be able to become established endophytically in this pharmaceutical crop. microbiological, molecular and light and electron microscopic methods were used to study fungal colonisation and to describe its mode of penetration. after inoculation with a foliar spray of conidia, microbiological methods showed 100% of plants examin ... | 2006 | 16649082 |
| horizontal transmission of beauveria bassiana in anastrepha ludens (diptera: tephritidae) under laboratory and field cage conditions. | the virulence of two products of the fungus beauveria bassiana (lcpp and bassianil) on adult anastrepha ludens (loew) (diptera: tephritidae) and their effect on the mating performance of infected males was evaluated in laboratory and field cage tests. the horizontal transmission capacity of the fungus during copulation or attempted copulation also was quantified using inoculated males as well as the impact of infection on female fecundity and longevity. both fungal products were found to be high ... | 2007 | 17461049 |
| current status and prospects on microbial control in japan. | historically in japan, studies on the diseases of the silkworm, bombyx mori, as a factor affecting the well-being of the silk industry, have dominated insect pathology. however, work by hidaka in 1933 demonstrated the possibility of controlling the pine moth, dendrolimus spectabilis, with the fungus beauveria bassiana and since then, various attempts have been made to develop a method to control insect pests using insect pathogens. the cypovirus product, matsukemin, was the first microbial contr ... | 2007 | 17462666 |
| first case report of empyema caused by beauveria bassiana. | infections with beauveria bassiana are extremely rare in humans. a 51-year-old man was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. thoracic wall resection with lobectomy was applied and empyema has developed after prolonged air leakage. b. bassiana was isolated in pleural fluid. the patient improved without antifungal therapy after thoracotomy with securing of air leakage. | 2006 | 16681819 |
| directed evolution for increased chitinase activity. | directed evolution through dna shuffling and screening was used to enhance the catalytic ability of a fungal, beauveria bassiana, chitinase, bbchit1. the bbchit gene was first linked to various prokaryotic signal sequences and expressed in escherichia coli. the signal peptide, pelb, from erwinia carotovora resulted in greatest chitinase secretion into broth. the nucleotide sequence expressing pelb signal peptide was then incorporated into an e. coli vector to express bbchit1 variants generated b ... | 2007 | 17468866 |
| establishment of the fungal entomopathogen beauveria bassiana (ascomycota: hypocreales) as an endophyte in cocoa seedlings (theobroma cacao). | the fungal entomopathogen beauveria bassiana became established as an endophyte in in vitro-grown cocoa seedlings tested for up to 2 mo after inoculation to the radicle with b. bassiana suspensions. the fungus was recovered in culture from stems, leaves and roots. b. bassiana also was detected as an epiphyte 1 and 2 mo postinoculation. penicillium oxalicum and five bacterial morphospecies also were detected, indicating that these were present as endophytes in the seed. | 2005 | 16722213 |
| a tritrophic effect of host plant on susceptibility of western flower thrips to the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | adult female western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) were exposed 12-24h to bean (phaseolus vulgaris) and impatiens (impatiens wallerana) leaf disks treated with beauveria bassiana conidia and then transferred to clean bean or impatiens at various times post-treatment. significantly greater levels of fungal infection were observed when thrips were treated on bean versus impatiens, but exposure to impatiens following treatment had no effect on fungal infection (percent mortality). this ... | 2007 | 17572438 |
| [efficiency of beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae formulations on amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787) nymphae]. | amblyomma cajennense is a vector of several infectious diseases on mammals and became a serious problem in some localities in brazil. entomopathogenic fungi are very important biocontrol agents and could be a viable alternative for the control of this tick in permanent preserved areas. the aim of this study was to evaluated the mortality of tick nymphae treated with beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae formulations in laboratory conditions. non fed nymphae were inoculated with 2x10(7) a ... | 2007 | 17588319 |
| comparative evaluation and economic potential of ecorational versus chemical insecticides for crucifer flea beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) management in canola. | from 2001 to 2004, field studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of the ecorational insecticides spintor (spinosad), botanigard (beauveria bassiana), neemix (azadirachtin), and surround (kaolin) against crucifer flea beetle on canola, brassica napus l., at the cotyledon stage. the ecorational treatments were compared with a standard foliar chemical insecticide, capture (bifenthrin), and the chemical seed treatment insecticide helix xtra (thiamethoxam). this study indicated that flea beetle ... | 2007 | 17598529 |
| pathogenicity of beauveria bassiana (deuteromycotina: hypomycetes) to larvae of the small poplar longhorn beetle, saperda populnea (coleoptera: cerambycidae). | the small poplar longhorn beetle, saperda populnea is an important pest of lombardy poplars (populus nigra l.) in turkey. a survey for natural entomopathogenic fungi of s. populnea larvae was made in erzurum, turkey, during the period 2004-2005. larvae (13.5%) infected with a strain of the fungus beauveria bassiana were found. the pathogenicity of b. bassiana strain 46 was conducted with different concentrations of conidia (10(6), 10(7) and 10(8) conidia/ml) of this isolate on s. populnea larvae ... | 2006 | 16830195 |
| dispersal of beauveria bassiana by the activity of nettle insects. | recent studies have shown that the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana occurs naturally on the phylloplanes of several plants, including nettles. insects could, by their activity, be contributing to this inoculum by dispersing it from other sites. the potential of nettle aphids microlophium carnosum and their predator anthocoris nemorum to disperse conidia of b. bassiana from soil to nettles and from sporulating cadavers in the nettle canopy was investigated in laboratory experiments. in ... | 2006 | 16843484 |
| [pathogenicity of several fungal species on spodoptera litura]. | the virulence test of five species of entomogenous fungi beauveria brongniartii, beauveria bassiana, paecilomyces fumosoroseus, metarhizium anisopliae and nomuraea rileyi to spodoptera litura larvae showed that b. brongniartii and n. rileyi had evident pathogenic effects on s. litura, with the lt50 value to s. litura 2nd instars being 2.95 and 4.10 days, and the corrected accumulative mortality of the instars being 100% and 95.2%, respectively. the virulence of b. brongniartii and n. rileyi to t ... | 2007 | 17615897 |
| development of a population-based threshold model of conidial germination for analysing the effects of physiological manipulation on the stress tolerance and infectivity of insect pathogenic fungi. | entomopathogenic fungi are being used as biocontrol agents of insect pests, but their efficacy can be poor in environments where water availability is reduced. in this study, the potential to improve biocontrol by physiologically manipulating fungal inoculum was investigated. cultures of beauveria bassiana, lecanicillium muscarium, lecanicillium longisporum, metarhizium anisopliae and paecilomyces fumosoroseus were manipulated by growing them under conditions of water stress, which produced coni ... | 2006 | 16913922 |
| human exposure to airborne fungi from genera used as biocontrol agents in plant production. | the fungi trichoderma harzianum, t. polysporum, t. viride, paeciliomyces fumosoroseus, p. lilacinus, verticillium/lecanicillium lecanii, ulocladium oudemansii, u. atrum and beauveria bassiana are used or considered to be used for biocontrol of pests and plant diseases. human exposure to these fungi in environments where they may naturally occur or are used as biocontrol agents has not been directly investigated to date. this review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of human ex ... | 2007 | 17655172 |
| broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of the reactive compounds generated in vitro by manduca sexta phenoloxidase. | although quinone production and melanin formation are widely recognized as an integral part of the insect defense system, experimental evidence is lacking that the proteolytic activation of prophenoloxidase participates in the direct killing of invading microbes-active phenoloxidase generates quinones that polymerize to form melanin. here, we report the antimicrobial effect of reactive intermediates produced in phenoloxidase-catalyzed reactions. after being treated with manduca sexta phenoloxida ... | 2007 | 17681234 |
| expression of a beauveria bassiana chitinase (bbchit1) in escherichia coli and pichia pastoris. | beauveria bassiana chitinase (bbchit1) is an important cuticle degrading enzyme involved in pathogenesis of fungi against insect. to obtain enough active chitinase for performing in vitro functional analysis, bbchit1 gene was expressed in escherichia coli and pichia pastoris, respectively. the high-level production of recombinant bbchit1 was detected in e. coli expression system, however mainly located in inclusion bodies. refolding of solubilized inclusion body proteins was achieved by dialysis ... | 2007 | 17692532 |
| recalcitrant beauveria bassiana keratitis: confocal microscopy findings and treatment with posaconazole (noxafil). | to report the clinical, confocal microscopic, and histologic appearance of a case of beauveria bassiana keratitis and response to medical therapy. | 2007 | 17721308 |
| analysis of differential gene expression in the generalist entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuillemin grown on different insect cuticular extracts and synthetic medium through cdna-aflps. | the entomopathogen beauveria bassiana has an extremely diverse insect host range in addition to a saprophytic phase. the molecular basis for this plasticity was investigated by a comparative analysis of gene expression patterns through cdna-aflps of a b. bassiana isolate grown on cuticular extracts of insects of diverse orders as well as synthetic medium. for some of the fragments, expression patterns were verified by q-rt-pcr. among the differentially expressed genes two proteases were identifi ... | 2007 | 17723310 |
| factors affecting the occurrence and distribution of entomopathogenic fungi in natural and cultivated soils. | factors affecting the occurrence and distribution of entomopathogenic fungi in 244 soil samples collected from natural and cultivated areas in spain were studied using an integrated approach based on univariate and multivariate analyses. entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from 175 of the 244 (71.7%) soil samples, with only two species found, beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae. of the 244 soil samples, 104 yielded b. bassiana (42.6%), 18 yielded m. anisopliae (7.3%), and 53 soil samp ... | 2007 | 17766099 |
| cytotoxic and antihaptotactic beauvericin analogues from precursor-directed biosynthesis with the insect pathogen beauveria bassiana atcc 7159. | precursor-directed biosynthesis was used to produce analogues of the cyclic depsipeptide mycotoxin beauvericin (1) using the filamentous fungus beauveria bassiana atcc 7159. feeding 30 analogues of d-2-hydroxyisovalerate and l-phenylalanine, the natural 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid and amino acid precursors of beauvericin, led to the biosynthesis of novel beauvericins. six of these were isolated and characterized, and their cytotoxicity and directional cell migration (haptotaxis) inhibitory activity ... | 2007 | 17803266 |
| increased insect virulence in beauveria bassiana strains overexpressing an engineered chitinase. | entomopathogenic fungi are currently being used for the control of several insect pests as alternatives or supplements to chemical insecticides. improvements in virulence and speed of kill can be achieved by understanding the mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis and genetically modifying targeted genes, thus improving the commercial efficacy of these biocontrol agents. entomopathogenic fungi, such as beauveria bassiana, penetrate the insect cuticle utilizing a plethora of hydrolytic enzymes, includ ... | 2007 | 17085713 |
| enhanced efficacy of beauveria bassiana for red flour beetle with reduced moisture. | red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum (herbst), is a major pest of stored and processed grains that is tolerant of beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin under most conditions. laboratory assays demonstrated that desiccating conditions improved the efficacy of the fungus. for t. castaneum larvae exposed to b. bassiana at different vapor pressure deficits (vpds), the lc50 potency ratios were 2.3 for 2.42 kpa and 3.9 for 3.31 kpa compared with 1.06 kpa. there were significant effects of moisture o ... | 2007 | 17849853 |
| comparisons of ecorational and chemical insecticides against crucifer flea beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) on canola. | studies were done comparing the insecticides spintor (spinosad), botanigard (beauveria bassiana), neemix (azadirachtin), and surround (kaolin, a clay) with conventional chemical insecticides capture (bifenthrin) and helix xtra (thiamethoxam), all applied at seven rates in a 7-d assay to assess their impact on adult crucifer flea beetle, phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). lethal time (lt) required for 25, 50, and 75% mortality (lt25, lt50, and lt75) and relative potencies ... | 2007 | 17849871 |
| natural occurrence of beauveria bassiana in hypothenemus hampei (coleoptera: curculionidae) populations in unsprayed coffee fields. | three unsprayed coffee farms (farm 1, 2 and 3) were studied for the natural occurrence of the insect pathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana in hypothenemus hampei populations throughout the rainy season of 2004 (july-november) and 2005 (july-december). b. bassiana infections were found during most sampling dates in both years, on all three farms. the b. bassiana infection levels were higher in 2005 than in 2004 with mean prevalence of 12.1% and 2.7%, respectively. no consistent significant differe ... | 2008 | 17854825 |
| germination polarity of beauveria bassiana conidia and its possible correlation with virulence. | three different germination types of conidia; unidirectional, bidirectional and multidirectional, were revealed through microscopic observations for eight beauveria bassiana isolates germinated on sabouraud dextrose agar. canonical correlation analysis indicated that there is a positive correlation between unidirectional germination and virulence against diamondback moth, plutella xylostella and the colorado potato beetle, leptinotarsa decemlineata. scanning electron microscopy revealed differen ... | 2007 | 17097103 |
| new feather-degrading filamentous fungi. | among 106 filamentous fungi isolated from poultry farm waste, 13 species belonging to seven genera (aspergillus, acremonium, alternaria, beauvaria, curvularia, paecilomyces, and penicillium) were able to grow and produce keratinase in stationary cultures using poultry feather powder as the only substrate. the four most efficient keratinase producers were selected for a comparative study of keratinase production in submerged and stationary conditions. the highest keratinolytic activities were pro ... | 2008 | 17899245 |