| live vaccines for human metapneumovirus designed by reverse genetics. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was first described in 2001 and has quickly become recognized as an important cause of respiratory tract disease worldwide, especially in the pediatric population. a vaccine against hmpv is required to prevent severe disease associated with infection in infancy. the primary strategy is to develop a live-attenuated virus for intranasal immunization, which is particularly well suited against a respiratory virus. reverse genetics provides a means of developing highly ch ... | 2006 | 17181442 |
| animal models for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infections. | since its detection in 2001 the human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a member of the paramyxoviridae family, was observed to be a serious pathogen in human respiratory infections during childhood. meanwhile, several animal models have been established to study the virus-host interactions and pathogenic effects. mainly, small laboratory animals like mice and cotton rats have been used, although the usage of these two species for hmpv research is controversially discussed and contradictious results were ... | 2007 | 17181987 |
| human metapneumovirus in turkey poults. | this study was conducted to reexamine the hypothesis that human metapneumovirus (hmpv) will not infect turkeys. six groups of 2-week-old turkeys (20 per group) were inoculated oculonasally with 1 of the following: noninfected cell suspension; hmpv genotype a1, a2, b1, or b2; or avian metapneumovirus (ampv) subtype c. poults inoculated with hmpv showed nasal discharge days 4-9 postexposure. specific viral rna and antigen were detected by reverse-transcription pcr and immunohistochemical evaluatio ... | 2006 | 17235379 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of hmpv, rsv and rvs infections in young children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has recently been isolated from children with acute respiratory tract infections (rtis). the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hmpv infection need further investigation. | 2007 | 17241812 |
| seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in the canadian province of saskatchewan analyzed by a recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified respiratory virus associated with respiratory tract infection in both adults and children. previous reports showed that infection of hmpv appeared to be ubiquitous. to determine the seroprevalence of hmpv, a total of 576 human sera from patients in saskatchewan, canada, were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on expression of the nucleocapsid (n) protein of hmpv in recombinant baculovirus. the recombinant n protein with ... | 2007 | 17245714 |
| human metapneumovirus in children with influenza-like illness in yucatan, mexico. | the present study suggests that human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important cause of community acquired respiratory infections in children. we report the detection of hmpv in a pediatric population with influenza-like illness in the subtropical area of yucatan in mexico. our data also shows that hmpv circulates in the community with other respiratory pathogens. | 2007 | 17255250 |
| [first detection of human metapneumovirus in a child with respiratory syndrome in hungary]. | human metapneumovirus was identified in 2001 as a respiratory-tract pathogen that has been classified as a new genera in family paramyxoviridae. | 2006 | 17256630 |
| human metapneumovirus induces more severe disease and stronger innate immune response in balb/c mice as compared with respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are members of the pneumovirinae subfamily of paramyxoviridae and can cause severe respiratory disease, especially in infants and young children. some differences in the clinical course of these infections have been described, but there are few comparative data on pathogenesis in humans and animal models. in this study, hmpv and rsv were compared for replication, pathogenesis and immune induction in balb/c mice infected with equi ... | 2007 | 17257445 |
| spectrum of viruses and atypical bacteria in intercontinental air travelers with symptoms of acute respiratory infection. | respiratory infections after air travel are frequent, but epidemiological data are incomplete. using sensitive polymerase chain reactions, we studied the spectrum of atypical bacteria and respiratory viruses in travelers fulfilling the case definition of severe acute respiratory syndrome. a pathogen was identified in 67 travelers (43.2%). influenza and parainfluenza viruses were most prevalent, at 14.2% and 15.5%, respectively. prevalences of adenoviruses, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, a ... | 2007 | 17262708 |
| use of a multiplex real-time pcr to study the incidence of human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus infections during two winter seasons in a belgian paediatric hospital. | viruses are an important cause of acute respiratory tract infection (arti) in children. this study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid molecular diagnostic test (duplex real-time pcr) for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and to determine the frequency of these two viruses as causative agents of arti in belgium. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected over two winter and spring seasons (november 2003 to may 2004 and november 2004 to may 2005) from child ... | 2007 | 17263836 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection using real-time rt-pcr in a hospital in northern taiwan. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly discovered respiratory pathogen. this prospective hospital-based study investigated the clinical role and features of hmpv in taiwan. | 2007 | 17282966 |
| contribution of viruses, chlamydia spp. and mycoplasma pneumoniae to acute respiratory infections in iranian children. | the study reports the frequency and clinical presentation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus, influenza (inf v), parainfluenza, adenovirus (adv), chlamydia spp. and mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with acute respiratory infections (ari) in rasht, iran. nasopharyngeal aspirates and swabs were collected from 261 children in 2003 and 2004. pathogens were detected using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr), confirmed with sequence analysis ... | 2007 | 17287243 |
| clinical findings and unusual epidemiologic characteristics of human metapneumovirus infections in children in the region of basel, switzerland. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) worldwide causes respiratory tract infections with features similar to those of rsv infection. we describe features of hmpv infections in children and compare some of the characteristics with those of rsv infections. from october 2004 to february 2006, 75 patients, 34 hospitalized and 41 outpatients, were diagnosed with hmpv infections by multiplex pcr applied to nasopharyngeal specimens. while hmpv was found rarely in the early phase of the study, a significant incr ... | 2008 | 17297613 |
| detection and typing by molecular techniques of respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection in rome, italy. | detection of a broad number of respiratory viruses is not undertaken currently for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infection due to the large and always increasing list of pathogens involved. a 1-year study was undertaken on children hospitalized consecutively for acute respiratory infection in a pediatric department in rome to characterize the viruses involved. two hundred twenty-seven children were enrolled in the study with a diagnosis of asthma, bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia, or laringo ... | 2007 | 17311326 |
| development of a rapid chromatographic immunoassay for detection of human metapneumovirus using monoclonal antibodies against nucleoprotein of hmpv. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) nucleocapsid (n) protein is a major structural protein that encapsidates the rna genome and is essential for replication and transcription of the hmpv genome. we developed two mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs), designated 3d1 and 5b10, against n protein of hmpv and characterized them by an immunofluorescence assay and an immunoprecipitation assay using trichoplusia ni (tn5) insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus-expressing hmpv n protein. both mabs wer ... | 2007 | 17316081 |
| human metapneumovirus and encephalitis. | | 2007 | 17321201 |
| [isolation of human metapneumovirus from children with acute respiratory tract infection in chongqing, china]. | to isolate and characterize the newly discovered human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in chongqing, china and elucidate the clinical manifestations of hmpv infection. | 2007 | 17349150 |
| acute respiratory infection by human metapneumovirus in children in southern brazil. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been described as an etiologic agent of acute respiratory infections (ari), mainly in pediatric patients. viral isolation is difficult and has low sensitivity, and consequently rt-pcr assays are currently used for detection. | 2007 | 17350886 |
| respiratory picornavirus infections in korean children with lower respiratory tract infections. | recently, human rhinoviruses (rvs) and enteroviruses have been suggested as important etiological agents in young children with lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). we investigated the role of respiratory picornaviruses in hospitalized children with lrti. a total of 233 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from hospitalized children with lrtis from july 2004 to january 2006. all specimens were tested for the presence of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), influenza virus a, influen ... | 2007 | 17366056 |
| [human metapneumovirus as hospitalization cause in children under 3 years old with acute respiratory infections during 2004]. | human metapneumovirus was detected in 15 of 123 children (12%) younger than 3 years of age hospitalized for treatment of acute respiratory infection between july and november 2004. the virus was detected by rt-pcr directly from nasopharyngeal swabs and/or from supernatants after cell culture. children infected with hmpv were mostly younger than one year of age (67%), all presenting with fever and cough. the main cause for hospitalization was the need for oxygen therapy (73%). four hmpv positive ... | 2007 | 17369966 |
| experimental infection of macaques with human metapneumovirus induces transient protective immunity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a member of the family paramyxoviridae, is a causative agent of acute respiratory-tract illness. two main hmpv lineages circulate worldwide and reinfections occur frequently. it is unclear what level of protection is induced by natural hmpv infection, what the durability of this protection is and whether it differs for reinfection with homologous or heterologous viruses. here, protective immunity in cynomolgus macaques at different time points after inoculation with ... | 2007 | 17374769 |
| frequent frameshift and point mutations in the sh gene of human metapneumovirus passaged in vitro. | during the preparation of recombinant derivatives of the can97-83 clinical isolate of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), consensus nucleotide sequencing of the recovered rna genomes provided evidence of frequent sequence heterogeneity at a number of genome positions. this heterogeneity was suggestive of sizable subpopulations containing mutations. an analysis of molecularly cloned cdnas confirmed the presence of mixed populations. the biologically derived virus on which the recombinant system is base ... | 2007 | 17376897 |
| identification of human metapneumovirus and chlamydophila pneumoniae in children with asthma and wheeze in singapore. | the aim of our study was to determine if human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and chlamydophila pneumoniae (cp) could be detected in singaporean asthmatic children and wheezing infants during an acute asthma attack. | 2007 | 17384874 |
| an outbreak of severe respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus in a long-term care facility. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described paramyxovirus that is mainly associated with bronchiolitis in children. we sought to describe the epidemiological, virological, and histopathological findings associated with a large outbreak of hmpv infection in a long-term care facility. | 2007 | 17407031 |
| respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus among elderly patients. | | 2007 | 17407032 |
| high level expression of soluble glycoproteins in the allantoic fluid of embryonated chicken eggs using a sendai virus minigenome system. | embryonated chicken eggs have been used since the mid-20th century to grow a wide range of animal viruses to high titers. however, eggs have found so far only limited use in the production of recombinant proteins. we now describe a system, based on a sendai virus minigenome, to produce large amounts of heterologous viral glycoproteins in the allantoic cavity of embryonated eggs. | 2007 | 17411439 |
| severe human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized children. | human metapneumovirus is a recently discovered pathogen that causes upper and lower respiratory tract disease in children. this study describes the course of illness in hospitalized children with this infection. during a 6-month period, 11 children were diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. oxygen supplementation was required for 82% of patients. severe disease developed in 45%, and mechanical ventilation was required. an apparent life ... | 2007 | 17416883 |
| an improved plaque reduction virus neutralization assay for human metapneumovirus. | virus-neutralizing antibodies against human metapneumovirus (hmpv) have been shown to be important indicators for protection in experimental animal models. an improved plaque reduction virus neutralization assay to detect hmpv-specific neutralizing antibodies was designed using two prototype recombinant hmpv strains expressing green fluorescent protein (gfp). these prototypes represented each of the main antigenic variants of hmpv, because antigenic variability could have implications for vaccin ... | 2007 | 17420056 |
| human metapneumovirus bronchiolitis in infancy is an important risk factor for asthma at age 5. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection plays an important role in the pediatric respiratory infections. however, little is known about the relationship between hmpv-bronchiolitis and the development of subsequent wheezing. the aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome at third to fifth year after admission for hmpv-bronchiolitis and to compare it with children admitted for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-bronchiolitis and with children without lower respiratory disease in the first 2 years ... | 2007 | 17427899 |
| [human metapneumovirus]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), first isolated in the netherlands in 2001, is a member of the genus metapneumovirus of the sub-family pneumovirinae of the family paramyxoviridae. the genomic organization of hmpv is 3'-n-p-m-f-m2-sh-g-l-5'. hmpv resembles the sole member of this genus, avian pneumovirus. hmpv is the most closely related human pathogen to respiratory syncytial virus. phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences indicated that there were two genetic groups. furthermore, each gro ... | 2006 | 17446666 |
| human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly discovered paramyxovirus associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections most commonly in young children, elderly subjects, and immunocompromised patients. hmpv can cause severe infections such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia and is responsible for 5 to 10% of hospitalizations of children suffering from acute respiratory tract infections. such infections are indistinguishable from those caused by human respiratory syncytial virus. the first hmp ... | 2007 | 17458775 |
| community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients: hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, and individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | infection is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients such as hematopoietic/solid organ transplant recipients and individuals with human immunodeficiency virus. community respiratory virus infections are increasingly recognized as a significant threat to these patients. this article reviews current information in the clinical field of community respiratory viruses, including several newly discovered respiratory viruses. respiratory syncytial virus, influenza vir ... | 2007 | 17458776 |
| outbreak of human metapneumovirus detected by use of the vero e6 cell line in isolates collected in yamagata, japan, in 2004 and 2005. | a number of epidemiological studies have shown human metapneumovirus (hmpv) to be one of the most important viral agents associated with acute respiratory infections in humans. however, due to the difficulty in growing the virus, all epidemiological studies of hmpv infection have been performed on the basis of the molecular method. thus, the development of a cell line suitable for the isolation of hmpv from clinical specimens is a crucial step for further research. using the vero e6 cell line, w ... | 2007 | 17460056 |
| avian and human metapneumovirus. | pneumovirus infection remains a significant problem for both human and veterinary medicine. both avian pneumovirus (ampv, turkey rhinotracheitis virus) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are pathogens of birds and humans, which are associated with respiratory tract infections. based on their different genomic organization and low level of nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) identity with paramyxoviruses in the genus pneumovirus, ampv and hmpv have been classified into a new genus referred to as me ... | 2007 | 17470912 |
| diagnosis of a critical respiratory illness caused by human metapneumovirus by use of a pan-virus microarray. | a pan-virus dna microarray (virochip) was used to detect a human metapneumovirus (hmpv) strain associated with a critical respiratory tract infection in an elderly adult with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. this infection had previously eluded diagnosis despite extensive microbiological testing for possible etiologic agents. the patient's hmpv strain did not grow in viral culture, and only one of five specific reverse transcription-pcr assays for hmpv was positive. | 2007 | 17494722 |
| two cases of severe obstructive pneumonia associated with an hku1-like coronavirus. | during the last few years a number of previously undescribed viruses, including human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses sars, nl63 and hku1, and bocavirus, were identified in nasopharyngeal samples from patients with signs of respiratory infections. these viruses may cause mild to life-threatening infections. | 2007 | 17507310 |
| simultaneous detection and high-throughput identification of a panel of rna viruses causing respiratory tract infections. | clinical presentations for viral respiratory tract infections are often nonspecific, and a rapid, high-throughput laboratory technique that can detect a panel of common viral pathogens is clinically desirable. we evaluated two multiplex reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) products coupled with microarray-based systems for simultaneous detection of common respiratory tract viral pathogens. the ngen respiratory virus analyte-specific assay (nanogen, san diego, ca) detects influenza a virus (flu-a) ... | 2007 | 17507510 |
| fatal pneumonia associated with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in a patient with myeloid leukemia and adenocarcinoma in the lung. | we describe a clinical case of a 59 old caucasian male who was delivered to the hospital for severe pneumonia associated to human metapneumovirus. the patient suffered from a leukemia and an adenocarcinoma in the lung and died two weeks after submission due to fatal respiratory failure. | 2007 | 17509965 |
| life-threatening human metapneumovirus infections in west of scotland. | | 2007 | 17512777 |
| a recombinant human monoclonal antibody to human metapneumovirus fusion protein that neutralizes virus in vitro and is effective therapeutically in vivo. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered paramyxovirus that is a major cause of lower-respiratory-tract disease. hmpv is associated with more severe disease in infants and persons with underlying medical conditions. animal studies have shown that the hmpv fusion (f) protein alone is capable of inducing protective immunity. here, we report the use of phage display technology to generate a fully human monoclonal antibody fragment (fab) with biological activity against hmpv. phage anti ... | 2007 | 17522220 |
| adult asthmatics display exaggerated ifngamma responses to human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus are rna viruses associated with lower respiratory tract infections. regular symptomatic re-infection and sequelae are common, particularly in individuals with pre-existing respiratory diseases, such as asthma. our understanding of virus-dependent cytokine responses and potential differences between allergic asthmatics and non-asthmatics is limited. to test our hypothesis that adults with mild allergic asthma, the most common form of this dise ... | 2007 | 17534407 |
| human metapneumovirus: enhanced pulmonary disease in cotton rats immunized with formalin-inactivated virus vaccine and challenged. | cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) are susceptible to the recently discovered human metapneumovirus (hmpv), an agent closely related to human respiratory syncytial virus. since certain respiratory syncytial virus vaccines can induce enhanced disease upon viral challenge, we have done similar experiments with hmpv in cotton rats. young adult cotton rats were vaccinated with a formalin-inactivated preparation of hmpv strain c-85473, or with a mock preparation of the vaccine on day 0 and again on day ... | 2007 | 17543425 |
| influenzavirus infection is a primary cause of febrile respiratory illness in hiv-infected adults, despite vaccination. | there are, to our knowledge, no prospective studies of respiratory tract infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected adults in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) era. we performed a surveillance study of outpatients who presented with fever and respiratory symptoms to examine the role of viral pathogens in these patients. | 2007 | 17578785 |
| impact of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus co-infection in severe bronchiolitis. | we have previously shown high rates of co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in infants with severe bronchiolitis at our institution in 2000-2002, and that co-infection was associated with increased disease severity. in this study, we have attempted to identify differences in intubated infants with severe rsv infection with and without hmpv co-infection. here we show that rsv+/hmpv+ were clinically symptomatic for longer than rsv+/hmpv- infants, but ... | 2007 | 17588245 |
| multicode-plx system for multiplexed detection of seventeen respiratory viruses. | the multicode-plx system (eragen biosciences, inc., madison, wi) for the detection of respiratory viruses uses an expanded genetic alphabet, multiplex pcr chemistry, and microsphere flow cytometry to rapidly detect and specifically identify 17 different respiratory viruses directly in clinical specimens. the multicode-plx system was tested in parallel with direct fluorescent-antibody (dfa) staining and rapid shell vial culture (r-mix cells; diagnostic hybrids, inc. athens, oh) with 354 respirato ... | 2007 | 17596361 |
| detection of viruses identified recently in children with acute wheezing. | the etiologic role of recently identified respiratory viruses for acute wheezing in children is not yet clear. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of recently identified viruses, including human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human bocavirus (hbov), human coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63), and human coronavirus hku1 (hcov-hku1) in children with acute wheezing. viral etiology was identified in 231 children hospitalized with acute wheezing, aged from 1 month to 5 years. viral antigens ... | 2007 | 17597481 |
| viral respiratory tract infections in transplant patients: epidemiology, recognition and management. | viral respiratory tract infections (rtis) are common causes of mild illness in immunocompetent children and adults, with occasional significant morbidity or mortality in the very young, very old or infirm. however, recipients of solid organ transplants (sot) or haematopoietic stem cell transplants (hsct) are at markedly increased risk for significant morbidity or mortality from these infections. the infections are generally acquired by transmission of large respiratory droplets and can be nosoco ... | 2007 | 17600390 |
| [human metapneumovirus as a common cause of respiratory tract disease]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), the newly identified paramyxovirus, causes respiratory infections in children, immunosuppressed patients, and the elderly in different countries of the world. the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of hmpv infection are similar to those in human respiratory syncytial virus infection. the diagnosis of hmpv infection is based on the polymerase chain reaction detection of viral rna or the recording of rising serum antibody titers. there are at least two genotypes ... | 2007 | 17601042 |
| co-infection of human metapneumovirus with adenovirus or respiratory syncytial virus among children in japan. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is one of the etiological agents of acute respiratory tract infections. from june 2005 to may 2006, we collected 185 clinical specimens from children in osaka city, japan, and detected 41 hmpv rna. of the 41 specimens, four (9.8%) also contained other viruses (3 with adenovirus [adv] and 1 with respiratory syncytial virus [rsv]). the clinical symptoms of patients coinfected with adv were indistinct from those of patients mono-infected with hmpv. the symptoms of the o ... | 2007 | 17641470 |
| comparison of different cell lines and incubation times in the isolation by the shell vial culture of human metapneumovirus from pediatric respiratory samples. | we report a prospective study concerning the efficacy of llc-mk2 (continuous monkey kidney cell), hep-2, mdck (madin-darby canine kidney), vero and mrc-5 cell lines, by shell vial assay, and incubation time in the isolation of hmpv from pediatric respiratory samples. the overall sensitivity of the cell lines studied were: 100% for the llc-mk2, 68.7% for the hep-2, 28.1% for the vero, 3.1% for the mdck and 0% for the mrc-5. only one strain (3.1%) showed growth in the four cell lines studied and 1 ... | 2007 | 17644404 |
| airway epithelial cell response to human metapneumovirus infection. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in infants, elderly and immunocompromised patients. in this study, we show that hmpv can infect in a similar manner epithelial cells representative of different tracts of the airways. hmpv-induced expression of chemokines il-8 and rantes in primary small alveolar epithelial cells (sae) and in a human alveolar type ii-like epithelial cell line (a549) was similar, suggesting that a549 cells can be used as a ... | 2007 | 17655903 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in a hematopoietic transplant recipient. | | 2007 | 17660843 |
| mapping and characterization of the primary and anamnestic h-2(d)-restricted cytotoxic t-lymphocyte response in mice against human metapneumovirus. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are important for the control of virus replication during respiratory infections. for human metapneumovirus (hmpv), an h-2(d)-restricted ctl epitope in the m2-2 protein has been described. in this study, we screened the hmpv f, g, n, m, m2-1, and m2-2 proteins using three independent algorithms to predict h-2(d) ctl epitopes in balb/c mice. a dominant epitope (gyiddnqsi) in positions 81 to 89 of the antitermination factor m2-1 and a subdominant epitope (spkagllsl) ... | 2007 | 17670840 |
| cytokine profiles in the respiratory tract during primary infection with human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, or influenza virus in infants. | we characterized the t helper cytokine profiles in the respiratory tract of infants infected with influenza virus, human metapneumovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus to examine whether these agents elicit similar cytokine responses and whether t helper type 2 polarization is associated with wheezing and severe disease. | 2007 | 17671045 |
| a summer outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in a long-term-care facility. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently discovered paramyxovirus, is thought to be primarily a winter-spring pathogen affecting young children with a clinical presentation similar to that of respiratory syncytial virus. in june-july 2006, a respiratory outbreak in a long-term-care facility was reported to the local health department and investigated. surveillance identified 26 residents and 13 staff with acute respiratory illness; 8 residents (31%) developed radiographically confirmed pneumonia ... | 2007 | 17674312 |
| newly discovered respiratory viruses: significance and implications. | with the recent advances in molecular biology and the ability to amplify viral genomes in a non-sequence-dependent manner, several previously unidentified human respiratory viruses have been discovered. there are accumulating data that some of these new pathogens are responsible for a substantial proportion of respiratory tract diseases, particularly in children. this review will focus on several of these newly identified pathogens for which there are clinical data implicating a role of these vi ... | 2007 | 17689145 |
| successful outcome of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) pneumonia in a lung transplant recipient treated with intravenous ribavirin. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has recently been shown to be a prominent cause of respiratory infections in immunocompromised hosts, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. we report a case of hmpv pneumonia in a lung transplant recipient presenting with respiratory failure and sepsis syndrome. hmpv was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction, and treated with intravenous ribavirin with a successful outcome. | 2007 | 17692793 |
| [apnea as a presenting symptom in human metapneumovirus infection]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently described pathogen of lower respiratory tract infections (lrti), has been detected in 5,4% of chilean infants hospitalized for lrti whom are negative for adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and parainfluenza viruses. hmpv may cause bronchiolitis or pneumonia in hospitalized patients, and ocassionally require admission to intensive care units and mechanical ventilation. the infection has been associated with apnea, especially in preterm infa ... | 2007 | 17728921 |
| [human bocavirus infections in spanish 0-14 year-old: clinical and epidemiological characteristics of an emerging respiratory virus]. | in 2005 a new respiratory virus, called human bocavirus (hbov), was cloned from respiratory samples from swedish infants and children with lower respiratory tract infections. | 2007 | 17785157 |
| long-term study on symptomless human metapneumovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. | from october 2004 through october 2006 a study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) recipients. sequential nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) were collected independently from respiratory symptoms and evaluated for hmpv-rna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequence analysis. results indicate epidemiological and molecular differences between the 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 periods and that hmpv seems no ... | 2007 | 17802904 |
| seasonality, incidence, and repeat human metapneumovirus lower respiratory tract infections in an area with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection. | there is limited information regarding the epidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) from africa, despite it being identified as a common pathogen in children with pneumonia. | 2007 | 17848880 |
| prospective study of human metapneumovirus infection: diagnosis, typing and virus quantification in nasopharyngeal secretions from pediatric patients. | during the winter-spring seasons 2004-2005 and 2005-2006, 965 nasopharyngeal aspirates from 871 patients were examined for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) by both monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and reverse transcription (rt)-pcr. | 2007 | 17855163 |
| diagnosis of human metapneumovirus by immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibodies in the north-east of england. | since its discovery in 2001 human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been shown to be a significant cause of human respiratory disease, responsible for 5-8% of respiratory infections in hospitalised children. diagnosis hitherto has been largely carried out by reverse tanscriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) but immunofluorescence staining of cells from nasopharyngeal secretions (if) offers advantages for some laboratories and may produce a more rapid result in urgent cases. we have recently demon ... | 2007 | 17869169 |
| diagnosis and epidemiological studies of human metapneumovirus using real-time pcr. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is prevalent in children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals, but available epidemiological data is limited. | 2007 | 17870660 |
| immunization of syrian golden hamsters with f subunit vaccine of human metapneumovirus induces protection against challenge with homologous or heterologous strains. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly discovered paramyxovirus, is associated with acute respiratory-tract illness, primarily in young children, individuals with underlying disease and the elderly. two genetic lineages of hmpv circulate around the world, and viruses from these two lineages demonstrate antigenic differences. the clinical impact of hmpv warrants the development of vaccines. recombinant soluble fusion (f) proteins of prototype viruses of the two main lineages of hmpv that can be pr ... | 2007 | 17872522 |
| community epidemiology of human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus nl63, and other respiratory viruses in healthy preschool-aged children using parent-collected specimens. | the purpose of this work was to assess the impact of recently described human metapneumovirus and human coronavirus nl63 compared with other respiratory viruses by using sensitive molecular techniques in a cohort of healthy preschool-aged children. we also aimed to assess the use of parent collection to obtain an adequate respiratory specimen from acutely unwell children in the community. | 2007 | 17875651 |
| [analysis of neutralizing activity of sera from 0 to 6 years old children in chongqing area against human metapneumovirus]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been identified as one of the most important viral pathogens for acute respiratory tract infections in children. this study was to observe neutralizing activity to hmpv in sera collected from children without respiratory illnesses aged 0 to 6 years and to investigate the correlation between the level of hmpv igg antibody and neutralizing activity in the same serum. | 2007 | 17880789 |
| a fatal case of encephalopathy possibly associated with human metapneumovirus infection. | | 2007 | 17881883 |
| [prokaryotic expression and antigenic activity analysis on the matrix protein genes of two strains of human metapneumovirus recently identified in beijing]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently identified respiratory virus more like human respiratory syncytial virus in clinical symptoms. matrix protein (m) is one of the most important structural proteins. for further studying of hmpv, the full length of m genes from the recombinant plasmid pucm-m1816 and pucmm1817 were cloned by pcr and sub-cloned into the pet30a(+) vector, which is a prokaryotic expression vector, after dual-enzyme digestion with bam hi and xho i. the positive recombinated pl ... | 2007 | 17886723 |
| intracellular processing, glycosylation, and cell surface expression of human metapneumovirus attachment glycoprotein. | the biosynthesis and posttranslational processing of human metapneumovirus attachment g glycoprotein were investigated. after pulse-labeling, the g protein accumulated as three species with molecular weights of 45,000, 50,000, and 53,000 (45k, 50k, and 53k, respectively). n-glycosidase digestion indicated that these forms represent the unglycosylated precursor and n-glycosylated intermediate products, respectively. after an appropriate chase, these three naive forms were further processed to a m ... | 2007 | 17913798 |
| most human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus in infant nasal secretions is cell free. | nasopharyngeal secretions aspirated from infants with bronchiolitis (npa) are a valuable resource for the study of virus dynamics and local inflammatory responses, however samples are small and difficult to manipulate. | 2007 | 17920332 |
| positive natural selection in the evolution of human metapneumovirus attachment glycoprotein. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly discovered virus of the family paramyxoviridae, has been associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections in different age groups in many countries. the putative attachment (g) glycoprotein of this virus was previously reported to have shown more extensive nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence polymorphism than any other genomic regions of this virus, leading to four sub-lineages. using a maximum likelihood-based codon substitution model of ... | 2008 | 17931731 |
| co-circulation of human metapneumovirus and sars-associated coronavirus during a major nosocomial sars outbreak in hong kong. | the clinico-epidemiological significance of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) detected during the sars outbreak is unknown. | 2007 | 17936066 |
| surveillance of eight respiratory viruses in clinical samples of pediatric patients in southeast brazil. | detection of the eight most common respiratory viruses: human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), influenza virus a and b (ia and ib), parainfluenza viruses 1, 2 and 3 (hpiv1, 2 and 3), adenovirus (ad) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), in order to establish the etiology of acute respiratory infections (aris) and the epidemiology of these viruses in young children seen at hospital universitário, universidade de são paulo, in são paulo, brazil, during 2003. | 2007 | 17940688 |
| respiratory viral infections in transplant recipients. | a wide range of viruses affect the respiratory tract of transplant recipients, including adenovirus, influenza, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus. prospective studies using contemporary diagnostic techniques have recently improved our understanding of the epidemiology and importance of these respiratory viruses among transplant recipients. from these studies, rhinovirus, in particular, has been shown to be one of the most common causes o ... | 2007 | 17944270 |
| vii international symposium on respiratory viral infections. | the vii international symposium on respiratory viral infections was a multidisciplinary forum for the presentation of recent advances in respiratory virus research with special emphasis on antiviral therapies and vaccine strategies. topics covered in invited lectures included detection of novel respiratory viral pathogens and viral evolution, characterization of the 1918 pandemic virus, human metapneumovirus infections, human respiratory epithelial cultures for studying viral pathogenesis, the r ... | 2007 | 17944274 |
| identification and evaluation of a highly effective fusion inhibitor for human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) can cause acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections that are particularly severe in young children, elderly subjects, and immunocompromised patients. to date, no treatments or vaccines are available for hmpv infections. our objective was to assess the inhibitory potential of several peptides derived from the heptad repeat a and b (hra and hrb) domains of the hmpv fusion protein. nine candidate peptides were expressed in escherichia coli or obtained synthetic ... | 2008 | 17967906 |
| rhinovirus infection in hospitalized children in hong kong: a prospective study. | to analyze the clinical features and estimate the hospitalization disease burden of rhinovirus infection in children in hong kong. | 2007 | 17984805 |
| lung function in prematurely born infants after viral lower respiratory tract infections. | chronic respiratory morbidity has been reported in prematurely born infants after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). the aim of this study was to determine the impact of viral lrti on lung function at follow-up of prematurely born infants. | 2007 | 17984809 |
| a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay to genotype human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) genotypes a and b show epidemiological and probably clinical differences. this report describes a fast and simple pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay, involving digestion of the fusion protein gene with tsp509i, that allows lineages a1, a2, b1 and b2 to be distinguished. the assay should help in elucidating the epidemiology of hmpv, and possibly in predicting the severity of clinical infection. | 2008 | 17986211 |
| immunization of macaques with formalin-inactivated human metapneumovirus induces hypersensitivity to hmpv infection. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a member of the family paramyxoviridae, is an important cause of acute respiratory tract disease. in the 1960s, vaccination with formalin-inactivated paramyxovirus preparations--respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and measles virus (mv)--resulted in predisposition for enhanced disease upon natural infection. we have produced a formalin-inactivated hmpv preparation (fi-hmpv), which was used to immunize young cynomolgus macaques. six days after challenge fi-hmpv-primed ... | 2007 | 17996988 |
| outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in psychiatric inpatients: implications for directly observed use of alcohol hand rub in prevention of nosocomial outbreaks. | nosocomial outbreaks of infectious diseases in psychiatric facilities are not uncommon but the implementation of infection control measures is often difficult. here, we report an outbreak of an acute respiratory illness in a psychiatric ward between 29 july and 20 august 2005 involving 31 patients. human metapneumovirus was detected in seven (23%) patients by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. a review of outbreak surveillance records showed that six nosoc ... | 2007 | 18022285 |
| enhanced lung disease and th2 response following human metapneumovirus infection in mice immunized with the inactivated virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus that causes acute respiratory-tract infections in humans. the histopathological and immunological responses to hmpv infection in balb/c mice immunized with inactivated hmpv were characterized. animals were immunized intraperitoneally with pbs, supernatant from non-infected llc-mk2 cells and from heat-inactivated influenza a- or hmpv-infected cells, all in incomplete freund's adjuvant, or with heat-inactivated hmpv without adjuvant, and then infecte ... | 2007 | 18024909 |
| human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus detection in young children with acute bronchiolitis. | this study was conducted to detect human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in young children hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis, using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from 170 children between 1 and 24 months of age admitted to two tertiary hospitals in northeastern thailand, between 2002 and 2004. acute bronchiolitis was defined as the first episode of wheezing associated with tachypnea, increased r ... | 2007 | 18035801 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of metapneumovirus in clinical specimens by indirect fluorescence assay using a monoclonal antibody. | human metapneumovirus, with two known genotypes named a and b, is associated with mild respiratory symptoms to severe lrti in children, high-risk adults and the elderly. rapid and reliable methods of hmpv detection in clinical samples are essential to implement appropriate care, to better understand the pathology of hmpv and to determine its epidemiology. respiratory samples from 1,386 patients collected during 2 consecutive years were screened for hmpv using indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) as ... | 2008 | 18041030 |
| molecular epidemiology and disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus in relation to other potential pathogens in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in jordan. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children. few data about the molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in developing countries, such as jordan, are available. the frequency and severity of infections caused by hrsv were assessed in hospitalized jordanian children <5 years of age compared with other potential etiological agents. overall a potential pathogen was detected in 78% (254/326) of the children. h ... | 2008 | 18041044 |
| vaccination approaches to combat human metapneumovirus lower respiratory tract infections. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was discovered in 2001 as a causative agent of respiratory disease in young children, immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. clinical signs of hmpv infection range from mild respiratory illness to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. two main genetic lineages of hmpv that circulate worldwide were found to be antigenically different, but antibodies against the f protein, the major determinant of protection, were shown to be cross-protective. since the discovery of hmp ... | 2008 | 18054841 |
| human bocavirus commonly involved in multiple viral airway infections. | human bocavirus (hbov) was recently discovered in children with acute respiratory tract infections. we have included a pcr for hbov in a study on airway infections in children. | 2008 | 18069054 |
| [surveillance on human metapneumovirus in infants and children with acute respiratory infections in beijing, from 2004 to 2006]. | to understand the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in infants and young children in beijing, china. | 2007 | 18069558 |
| [epidemiology of acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children]. | more than 200 antigenically distinct viruses have been documented as causes of sporadic or epidemic respiratory infections in infants and children. the lung itself is rarely sampled directly, and sputum representing lower-airway secretions can rarely be obtained from children. in addition culture of secretions from upper respiratory tract is not useful since the normal flora includes the bacteria commonly responsible for pneumonia. clinical and radiology data only suggest the diagnosis. the deve ... | 2007 | 18092718 |
| multiplex real-time pcr for detection of respiratory tract infections. | broad diagnostics of respiratory infection by molecular assays has not yet won acceptance due to technical difficulties and high costs. | 2008 | 18093871 |
| [techniques used for the diagnostic of upper and lower respiratory tract viral infections]. | techniques used for the diagnostic of upper and lower respiratory tract viral infections techniques used for the diagnostic of upper and lower respiratory tract viral infections include conventional procedures and the new molecular tools. serology has no interest for diagnosis. antigen detection can be carried out by simple, easy and cheap tools. they are available at hospital and in community practice as well for the detection of influenza virus, rsv, hmpv, parainfluenza virus and adenovirus. t ... | 2007 | 18095623 |
| [a new virus: the human metapneumovirus]. | | 2007 | 18095627 |
| detection of 12 respiratory viruses with two-set multiplex reverse transcriptase-pcr assay using a dual priming oligonucleotide system. | we intended to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of a multiplex reverse transcriptase- pcr (mrt-pcr) assay kit under dual priming oligonucleotide system (dpo) for the childhood acute respiratory tract infections. | 2007 | 18160832 |
| nucleic acid amplification tests for detection of respiratory viruses. | nucleic acid amplification tests (nats) are increasingly being used for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections. the most familiar formats use dna or rna target amplification methods for enhanced sensitivity above culture and antigen-based procedures. although gel and plate-hybridisation methods are still utilised for analysis of amplified products, detection using "real-time" methods which do not require handling of amplified products are favoured in many laboratories. assays based on nucleic ... | 2007 | 18162249 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus and other viral infections in infants receiving palivizumab. | palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that prevents severe human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infections. | 2008 | 18164233 |
| a community study of clinical traits and risk factors for human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first year of life. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are important respiratory pathogens with similar symptomatology. the aim of this prospective birth cohort study was to identify risk factors for an hmpv or rsv infection during the first year of life in unselected healthy children. we followed 217 children from birth to 1 year of age. nasal swabs and symptom diaries were collected monthly. anti-hmpv and anti-rsv igg antibodies by age 1 year were detected by elisa, and nasal swabs ... | 2008 | 18172683 |
| comparison of a lateral-flow immunochromatography assay with real-time reverse transcription-pcr for detection of human metapneumovirus. | a lateral-flow immunochromatography (ic) assay for the detection of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been developed by using two mouse monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of hmpv. the purpose of this study was to compare the virus detection rate in nasopharyngeal secretions by the ic assay with that by real-time reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). we collected nasopharyngeal swab samples from 247 children with respiratory symptoms in sapporo, japan, during the period from april to ... | 2008 | 18174301 |
| viral etiology of acute respiratory infections with cough in infancy: a community-based birth cohort study. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are a major cause of morbidity in infancy worldwide, with cough and wheeze being alarming symptoms to parents. we aimed to analyze in detail the viral aetiology of ari with such symptoms in otherwise healthy infants, including rhinoviruses and recently discovered viruses such as human metapneumovirus (hmpv), coronavirus nl63 and hku1, and human bocavirus (hbov). | 2008 | 18174876 |
| variant isolates of human metapneumovirus subgroup b genotype 1 in campinas, brazil. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus associated with respiratory illness. the genotypes of hmpv isolates in brazil have not been well characterized. | 2008 | 18178521 |