| [a case report of psittacosis and chlamydial isolation from a dead pet bird]. | a 33-year-old previously healthy woman was seen at this hospital after a week of fever and nonproductive cough. a roentgenogram of the chest showed consolidation in the left upper and middle lung fields. transbronchial lung biopsy from left s1 + 2 revealed an increase of mononuclear leukocytes within the interstitial spaces and slight cell infiltration with in the alveoli. bronchoalveolar lavage cellular constituents showed 47% alveolar macrophage, 38% lymphocytes and 15% neutrophils. she had ke ... | 1990 | 2214397 |
| treatment of chlamydial infections. | antibiotic therapy of chlamydial infections means treatment of an intracellular parasite. that is, the antibiotic drug has to pass not only over the cell membrane of the organism but also over the cell membrane of the host cell and over the membrane lining the intracytoplasmatic vacuole, where the chlamydiae reproduce. to what extent antibiotic may induce "latent" chlamydial infections is badly defined. beta-lactam antibiotics in certain concentrations may induce cell wall-deficient forms of chl ... | 1990 | 2218418 |
| characterisation of chlamydia psittaci isolated from a horse. | this paper describes the isolation and characterisation of a strain of chlamydia psittaci obtained from a nasal swab taken from a horse with serous nasal discharge. initial isolation was achieved in cycloheximide-treated mccoy cell monolayers. chlamydial inclusions stained by immunofluorescence either with a rabbit antiserum raised against c. psittaci or with a monoclonal antibody directed against the genus-specific lipopolysaccharide antigen were single and compact. they did not stain with iodi ... | 1990 | 2219661 |
| efficacy against ovine enzootic abortion of an experimental vaccine containing purified elementary bodies of chlamydia psittaci. | a vaccine prepared from purified, inactivated elementary bodies of chlamydia psittaci protected sheep against abortion after subcutaneous challenge with live chlamydiae. immunoblot analysis of serum samples revealed a consistently dominant antibody response against the chlamydial major outer membrane protein in all vaccinated sheep. reactions to other chlamydial antigens were also detected but were less pronounced or inconsistent. serological responses detected by complement fixation were variab ... | 1990 | 2219662 |
| [an outbreak of ornithosis at a textile factory]. | for the first time an outbreak of ornithosis at a textile factory is described. the data on the specific epidemiological features of the outbreak, the specific clinical features of the disease, the results of catamnestic observations and the study of the titers of specific antibodies in the complement fixation test are presented. | 1990 | 2220219 |
| chlamydiosis in captive raptors. | chlamydia psittaci was isolated from four red-tailed hawks (buteo jamaicensis) that died suddenly and from seven birds that survived at a raptor rehabilitation center in california in 1983. one hundred captive raptors representing 14 species in five families were subsequently tested serologically and by direct cloacal culture. c. psittaci was isolated from seven clinically normal birds. forty-four percent of the raptors were considered positive using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), ... | 1990 | 2241695 |
| immunity to chlamydia psittaci with particular reference to sheep. | chlamydia psittaci, a zoonotic bacterium, is the causal agent of enzootic abortion of ewes, an important disease of sheep in many european countries. the major thrust of current chlamydial research is directed towards the human pathogen chlamydia trachomatis. this review attempts to bring together relevant information concerning the host immune response to all members of the genus chlamydiae and show how this has led to an increased understanding of the ovine humoral and cell mediated immune res ... | 1990 | 2247939 |
| experimental conjunctival infection of lambs with a strain of chlamydia psittaci isolated from the eyes of a sheep naturally affected with keratoconjunctivitis. | five ram-lambs were inoculated into the left conjunctival sac with the 15r isolate of chlamydia psittaci, recovered from a sheep with keratoconjunctivitis. a sixth ram-lamb was kept in contact with them. the five lambs developed varying degrees of acute conjunctivitis and 14 days later c psittaci could be recovered from the inoculated eyes, from which branhamella ovis was also isolated. the eyes were examined regularly for four months; c psittaci could not be re-isolated but the eyes developed v ... | 1990 | 2260264 |
| psittacosis: a clinical review. | the records of the public health laboratory at leeds were searched and cases in which a four-fold rise of antibodies to chlamydia psittaci had occurred were reviewed. clinical and epidemiological features of these cases are presented. the importance of birds as a potential source of infection is emphasised. | 1990 | 2273272 |
| [frequency of abortion and seroprevalence of the principal diseases causing ovine infectious abortion in the area of rabat (morocco)]. | a survey was carried out on 23 sheep flocks to estimate the frequency of abortion as well as the prevalence of antibodies against abortive infections. during the visit of each farm, a questionnaire was completed with the collaboration of the owner and blood samples were collected from all aborted ewes and some of those with normal lambing. a rate of 7% abortion was reached in both aborted and normally lambed ewes. anti-chlamydia psittaci antibodies were the most frequently detected (14 flocks). ... | 1990 | 2288452 |
| breeding performance of sheep infected with chlamydia psittaci (ovis) during their preceding pregnancy. | | 1990 | 2301111 |
| immunological specificity of monoclonal antibodies to chlamydia psittaci ovine abortion strain. | fifty-one monoclonal antibodies were prepared by two different techniques against chlamydia psittaci strain a22 isolated from an ovine abortion. these antibodies were tested for reactivity by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique with eleven reference chlamydia strains (nine c. psittaci, one chlamydia trachomatis and one chlamydia pneumoniae). four classes of specificity were recognized for monoclonal antibodies: genus, species, subspecies and type specificity. the type-specific mono ... | 1990 | 2307492 |
| muramic acid is not detectable in chlamydia psittaci or chlamydia trachomatis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | by using the powerful separation technique of capillary gas chromatography combined with the selectivity of mass spectrometric detection, muramic acid was not detectable in purified elementary bodies of chlamydia psittaci cal 10 (less than or equal to 0.006%) or c. trachomatis serovar e (less than or equal to 0.02%). this confirms previous reports which suggested the absence of a typical peptidoglycan in chlamydia spp. | 1990 | 2307520 |
| the ovine immune response to chlamydia psittaci; histopathology of the lymph node. | the histopathological response of the ovine popliteal lymph node to infection by an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci was studied. after infection of 10 seronegative sheep by the subcutaneous route, the draining popliteal lymph nodes enlarged considerably. by day 6, expansion was more marked in the medulla than in the cortex but, by day 18, cortical follicles were prominent. immunoglobulin-containing cells increased in number both in the medulla and cortex between days 6 and 18. c. psi ... | 1990 | 2312799 |
| enzootic abortion of ewes. | | 1990 | 2316135 |
| observations on the pathogenesis of chlamydia psittaci infection of pregnant sheep. | susceptible pregnant sheep were infected with chlamydia psittaci at different stages of early and mid-gestation. placentas and foetuses were examined by microbiological, serological, histopathological and immunochemical methods at various intervals thereafter. while ewes were susceptible to infection from early gestation onwards and infections of placentas and foetuses occurred from about 60 days gestation (dg), pathological changes were not detected until after 90 dg. these changes consisted of ... | 1990 | 2324344 |
| a study of human respiratory tract chlamydial infections in cambridgeshire 1986-88. | human respiratory tract chlamydial infections have been studied in cambridgeshire for many years, but until recently we have been unable to distinguish between infection with chlamydia psittaci or chlamydia pneumoniae (twar). in this study, we have employed the micro-immunofluorescence (micro-if) test for this purpose and to look for the relative incidence of c. psittaci and c. pneumoniae infections in cambridgeshire. among 50 patients with community-acquired respiratory tract symptoms whose ser ... | 1990 | 2347386 |
| [ocular findings in infection-linked immune phenomena and secondary diseases (the so-called reiter's syndrome)]. | between 1981 and 1987 the authors saw 12 patients with reiter's syndrome. lesions included 6 cases of bilateral conjunctivitis in patients with chlamydial infection, 3 of unilateral serofibrinous iridocyclitis in patients with yersinia enterocolitica, 1 case of bilateral iridocyclitis in a patient with positive chlamydial complement-binding reaction, 1 case of bilateral follicular conjunctivitis following acute gonococcal urethritis, and one case of unilateral serofibrinous iridocyclitis, in a p ... | 1990 | 2348635 |
| [clinical and diagnostic aspects of sporadic ornithosis]. | | 1990 | 2356512 |
| chlamydial infection of subcutaneous conjunctival transplants in guinea pigs. | the development and testing of candidate vaccines for trachoma are constrained because only humans and nonhuman primates are susceptible to conjunctival infection with chlamydia trachomatis. guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic), an analogous disease of guinea pigs, provides a useful, less expensive model to study ocular chlamydial infections. gpic is caused by a chlamydia psittaci strain whose external constituents are very similar to those of c. trachomatis. to develop a better model for ... | 1990 | 2365567 |
| immunization against chlamydial genital infection in guinea pigs with uv-inactivated and viable chlamydiae administered by different routes. | female guinea pigs were immunized with viable or uv light-inactivated chlamydiae (agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis), belonging to the species chlamydia psittaci, by intravenous, subcutaneous, oral, or ocular routes. all animals were then inoculated vaginally with viable chlamydiae to determine the extent of protection against challenge infection induced by the various regimens. the course of genital infection was significantly reduced in intensity in all groups of animals except the ... | 1990 | 2370110 |
| multiple tandem promoters of the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1) of chlamydia psittaci. | the transcription of omp1, the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein, was studied for two strains of chlamydia psittaci, guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) and mouse pneumonitis (mn). the transcriptional initiation sites for the omp1 of each strain were mapped by s1 nuclease and primer extension analyses. three different sizes of omp1 transcripts were observed for gpic and four were observed for mn. the production of these transcripts appeared to be the consequence of multiple t ... | 1990 | 2387624 |
| protection of sheep against chlamydia psittaci infection with a subcellular vaccine containing the major outer membrane protein. | an outer membrane (om) preparation from elementary bodies (ebs) of chlamydia psittaci (ovine abortion strain) was used to vaccinate pregnant ewes in a single subcutaneous dose and was found to achieve protection after subcutaneous challenge with infectious organisms. inactivated purified ebs used as a single-dose vaccine also gave protection. the ratio of live to dead lambs was significantly higher in the vaccinated groups (16:1 and 15:1, respectively) than in the placebo group (8:9). polyacryla ... | 1990 | 2387636 |
| protective effect of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against abortion in mice infected by chlamydia psittaci. | the role of antibody in preventing placental and fetal infection by chlamydia psittaci was studied in mice. pregnant mice were passively immunized with polyclonal sera or monoclonal antibodies (mabs) at day 11 of gestation. the mice were intravenously challenged the following day with the virulent ab7 ovine abortion strain of c. psittaci. mice were either killed on day 16 of gestation to determine placental and fetal chlamydial infection levels or were permitted to have and raise their young unt ... | 1990 | 2396474 |
| clinical and immunological responses of ewes following vaccination with an experimental formalin-inactivated chlamydia psittaci (ovis) vaccine and subsequent challenge with the live organism during pregnancy. | the protection afforded by an experimental, killed, adjuvanted vaccine derived from the a22 strain of chlamydia psittaci (ovis) against ovine enzootic abortion was studied. the vaccine was used undiluted (group a), at a dilution of 10(-3) (group b) and at a dilution of 10(-6) (group c). a fourth control group (group d) was inoculated with all components of the vaccine except the chlamydial antigen. a group of rams (group r) was also vaccinated with the chlamydial antigen diluted to 10(-3). anima ... | 1990 | 2397374 |
| protection of ewes vaccinated with a22 strain chlamydia psittaci (ovis) against challenge in pregnancy with homologous and heterologous strains of the organism. | fifty ewes were randomly divided into four groups. groups a and b were vaccinated with an experimental vaccine derived from the a22 isolate of chlamydia psittaci (ovis), an isolate known to cause ovine enzootic abortion (oea). groups c and d were unvaccinated controls. in mid-pregnancy, animals in group a and c were challenged with live a22 c. psittaci (ovis) and those in b and d were challenged with a field isolate of the organism (bs) against which the commercially available a22 vaccine appear ... | 1990 | 2397375 |
| use of the ideia elisa to detect chlamydia psittaci (ovis) in material from aborted fetal membranes and milk from ewes affected by ovine enzootic abortion. | the ideia elisa was used to detect chlamydia psittaci (ovis) antigen in ewes' milk to which were added serial dilutions of chlamydiae titrated as inclusion forming units (ifus) in mccoy cell tissue culture. the test was able to detect as few as 35 ifus/ml of the organism. the elisa was then used to detect chlamydial antigen in fetal membranes and milk from ewes clinically affected with ovine enzootic abortion (oea). the results were compared with results of isolation of chlamydiae in mccoy cell ... | 1990 | 2397377 |
| detection and differentiation of chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydia psittaci, and chlamydia pneumoniae by dna amplification. | the polymerase chain reaction was used to detect major outer membrane protein (momp) gene sequences from the three species of chlamydia. using three primer pairs and one restriction enzyme digestion, three distinct genotypes, corresponding to the three species, chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydia pneumoniae, and chlamydia psittaci, were demonstrated. c. trachomatis was amplified by all three primer pairs and the amplified fragment was digested by ecori. c. pneumoniae was amplified by only two of th ... | 1990 | 2401796 |
| [clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis]. | clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis experienced from 1980 to 1988 were analyzed. the following results were obtained. 1) sixteen patients were male; twenty were female. the thirty-six patients ranged in age from 29 to 76 years. 2) fifteen patients had been exposed to parakeets prior to the onset of illness. 3) high fever (94.1%) and cough (94.4%) were prominent clinical symptoms. 4) the number of pneumonic foci per lung field by chest x-ray, showed the right inferior lobe was most frequ ... | 1990 | 2401812 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the 60 kda cysteine rich outer membrane protein of chlamydia psittaci strain eae/a22/m. | | 1990 | 2402464 |
| efficacy of a vaccine to prevent chlamydia- or campylobacter-induced abortions in ewes. | in a sheep flock, chlamydia psittaci, campylobacter fetus, ca jejuni, and salmonella dublin caused abortions. a vaccine that contained c psittaci type i from 2 sources: a cow with pneumonia and an aborted ovine fetus, ca fetus, ca jejuni, and 4 strains of k99 escherichia coli was given to 240 ewes before they were bred. all fetuses, placentas, and lambs, that died within 36 hours of birth were examined for infectious agents. of 55 abortions, 30 (55%) were caused by chlamydia or campylobacter spp ... | 1990 | 2407704 |
| a tissue culture procedure for the isolation of chlamydia psittaci from koalas (phascolarctos cinereus). | | 1985 | 2415101 |
| ultrastructural study of mode of entry of chlamydia psittaci into l-929 cells. | the entry of chlamydia psittaci into l-929 cells was studied morphologically by transmission electron microscopy and quantitatively by a method that discriminates between attachment and uptake. upon adsorption of 3h-labeled elementary bodies (ebs) to host cells at 4 degrees c, the ebs bound efficiently to the l-cell surface. binding reached an equilibrium level of 55% in 3 h. ultrastructural analysis revealed that ebs were bound preferentially to the tips and sides of microvilli at this temperat ... | 1986 | 2430888 |
| antigenic specificity of human antibody to chlamydia in trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum. | an understanding of the molecular basis of the humoral immune response to chlamydial infections in man requires the identification of target antigens to which antibodies are directed. the antigenic specificity of antibody from patients with lymphogranuloma venereum (lgv) or trachoma was therefore assessed by western blotting. surface polypeptides were first identified using purified chlamydial outer membrane complex as antigen. antibodies in sera from patients with lgv but not from control negat ... | 1986 | 2433383 |
| common surface epitope of bartonella bacilliformis and chlamydia psittaci. | a serosurvey revealed intense cross-reactivity between bartonella bacilliformis and chlamydia psittaci. one of the cross-reacting bartonella antigens was identified as lipopolysaccharide which reacted with bartonella as well as with chlamydia serum antibodies. a monoclonal bartonella antibody bound to bartonella lipopolysaccharide as well as to the surfaces of bartonella bacilliformis and chlamydia psittaci. it was thus demonstrated that chlamydia psittaci carries a surface epitope identical to ... | 1988 | 2461660 |
| identification of conserved regions for species and subspecies specific epitopes on the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia trachomatis. | proteolytic peptides containing the serological epitopes present on the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia trachomatis were studied by immunoblots. monoclonal antibodies which have been defined by micro-immunofluorescence typing as serovar-, subspecies and species-specific were utilized. the reactivity of either serovar-specific or species-specific monoclonal antibodies in the immunoblots was similar to that in the micro-immunofluorescence test. however, monoclonal antibodies which demons ... | 1987 | 2462152 |
| molecular cloning of a gene encoding a chlamydia psittaci 57-kda protein that shares antigenic determinants with ca. 60-kda proteins present in many gram-negative bacteria. | in order to develop reagents to study the immune response of guinea pigs to infection by chlamydia psittaci guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis strain (gpic), we constructed a plasmid clone bank with c. psittaci dna. one of the recombinant clones isolated produced large amounts of a 57-kilodalton (kda) protein that was immunoreactive with sera from gpic infected guinea pigs. while investigating this recombinant protein, we discovered that all the gram-negative bacteria analyzed so far have immun ... | 1989 | 2470639 |
| identification of genus-specific epitopes on the outer membrane complexes of chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia psittaci immunotypes 1 and 2. | polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were used to study the immunogenic and antigenic characteristics of chlamydiae. we focused on the most predominant proteins in the outer membrane complex, the major outer membrane protein (momp) and the doublet consisting of proteins of 57 and 62 kilodaltons (57-62 kda doublet). immunoblot analyses were performed with chlamydial elementary bodies by using (i) immune sera from sheep which had undergone a recent episode of abortion due to the ovine abortion (oa ... | 1989 | 2474507 |
| serological response to chlamydial infection in sheep, studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. | two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) using highly purified elementary bodies (eb) of chlamydia psittaci a/22 strain (ovine) or 6bc strain (psittacine) were set up for the detection of antichlamydial antibodies in sheep. no significant differences were observed between the two elisas, whereas these tests proved to be more sensitive than complement fixation test and showed a good correlation (r = 0.75) with immunofluorescence assay. the periodate treatment of chlamydial antigens modified ... | 1989 | 2483345 |
| measurement of igg concentration in ovine fetal fluids: a useful diagnostic test. | the veterinary diagnostic laboratory at oregon state university received 172 aborted ovine fetuses during the 1985-1987 lambing seasons; from 120 of these, body fluids were evaluated for igg levels. fifty-two (43%) of the fetal fluids had immunoglobulin g (igg) levels greater than 15 mg/dl. forty-five (87%) of the fluids with elevated igg levels were confirmed or presumed toxoplasma or chlamydia abortions. a mean fetal fluid igg concentration of 111.5 +/- 78 mg/dl was found for the 26 toxoplasma ... | 1989 | 2488331 |
| a rapid monoclonal immunofluorescence assay for chlamydia psittaci in fecal smears from psittacine birds. | one hundred two fecal specimens from psittacine birds submitted to veterinary laboratory services of the california department of food and agriculture at petaluma were screened for chlamydia psittaci by a direct immunofluorescence assay using a fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody conjugate specific for chlamydia sp. results were compared with those obtained by isolation of chlamydia in cultures of mccoy mouse cells. the relative specificity of the direct fluorescent antibody test on fecal sm ... | 1989 | 2488333 |
| evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for detection of chlamydia psittaci in vaginal secretions, placentas, and fetal tissues from aborting ewes. | a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the detection of chlamydia trachomatis in human urogenital and conjunctival specimens was compared with isolation in cell culture for the detection of chlamydia psittaci in vaginal and placental swabs from aborting ewes and swabs of aborted fetal tissues. the eia on vaginal swabs collected from 10 ewes experimentally infected with c. psittaci had a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 85.7%. vaginal swabs collected at the time of abortio ... | 1989 | 2488715 |
| characterization of gamma interferon-mediated cytotoxicity to chlamydia-infected fibroblasts. | addition of murine recombinant gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) to mouse fibroblast cultures infected with chlamydia psittaci was found to induce a cytotoxic response that was dependent on the concentration of ifn-gamma added and the multiplicity of infection given. no cytotoxicity was observed for uninfected cells treated with ifn-gamma, nor did infection alone elicit cytotoxicity. cytotoxicity was detected only if ifn-gamma was present for at least the first 18 h of a 30-h incubation period. cytot ... | 1989 | 2492975 |
| differential modulation of lymphocyte proliferative responses and lymphokine secretion in mice during development of immunity to chlamydia psittaci. | a murine model was utilized to study immune responses occurring during the period of acquisition of immunity to chlamydial infection. c3h (h-2k) mice were immunized by intramuscular injection of 5 x 10(3) viable chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies (ebs) by a protocol which permits animals to survive an otherwise lethal intraperitoneal challenge 10 days later with the homologous chlamydial strain. spleen cells assayed during the 10-day period of development to immunity showed depressed prolifera ... | 1989 | 2496033 |
| interferon-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity inhibits chlamydia psittaci replication in human macrophages. | interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) previously has been shown to inhibit the replication of chlamydia psittaci in epithelial cells by inducing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the enzyme that decyclizes tryptophan to n-formylkynurenine. the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in ifn-mediated inhibition of c. psittaci in human macrophages has now been examined. peripheral blood monocytes from normal donors were isolated and cultivated 10-14 days to allow differentiation to macrophages. cells were then treat ... | 1989 | 2501398 |
| [use of rokitamycin dry syrup in cases of upper deep cervical lymphadenitis and otitis media with exudatives]. | dry syrup of rokitamycin (rkm.ds), a new macrolide antibiotic with 16-membered ring developed by toyo jozo co., ltd., was used on cases of upper deep cervical lymphadenitis (udcl) and of otitis media with exudatives (ome) likely caused by chlamydia infections, and its clinical effects were investigated. 1) in four cases of udcl (c. psittaci infections), daily doses of 20.0-28.6 mg/kg were administered for 10-42 consecutive days and good efficacies were observed with two cases of excellent result ... | 1989 | 2501435 |
| prevalence of antibodies in goats in north-eastern brazil to selected viral and bacterial agents. | | 1989 | 2552630 |
| sheep-acquired severe chlamydia psittaci infection in pregnancy. | there have been five confirmed cases of severe chlamydia psittaci infection during pregnancy, three having been treated in edinburgh, scotland. the most recent case is presented and previous experience is reviewed. the illness usually causes thrombocytopenia with disseminated intravascular coagulation, renal failure and hepatic dysfunction during the late second and early third trimester. the outcome for the fetus is usually fatal and the infection only resolves after delivery or abortion. the m ... | 1989 | 2565261 |
| genetic diversity of avian and mammalian chlamydia psittaci strains and relation to host origin. | genetic relationships were reported for chlamydia psittaci derived from psittacine birds, pigeons, turkeys, humans, cats, muskrats, cattle, and sheep and for c. trachomatis, including representative strains of the three biovars, through physical analysis of genomic dna including dna fingerprinting with restriction endonuclease sali, dna-dna hybridization in solution with s1 nuclease, and southern analysis with genomic dna probes. a total of 26 strains were divided into four groups of c. psittaci ... | 1989 | 2565333 |
| the presence of ornithosis antibodies in teheran's "city"-pigeons. | in teheran, wild town pigeons were investigated for ornithosis showing a contamination rate of 46%. | 1989 | 2599390 |
| current situation and alternatives for diagnosis and control of chlamydiosis in the federal republic of germany. | | 1989 | 2599940 |
| which atypical pneumonia? | | 1989 | 2600450 |
| analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence of chp1, a phage which infects avian chlamydia psittaci. | we report the complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage chp1. the genome was found to be 4877 bases long and it potentially codes for 11 proteins. open reading frames (orfs) 6 and 7 lie within orfs 2 and 1 respectively but are in a second reading frame. no significant dna homology was found when chp1 was compared to the embl database. the n-terminal amino acid sequences of the three structural proteins vp1, vp2 and vp3 were determined and it was found that they were encoded by orfs 1, 2 and ... | 1989 | 2607341 |
| sequence analysis of the major outer membrane protein gene of an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci. | the major outer membrane protein (momp) gene from an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci (s26/3) has been cloned and sequenced. the gene shows the features of other chlamydial momps but comparison with the previously reported sequence for the ovine abortion isolate a22/m has revealed substantial sequence divergence which is clustered into the same four intramolecular regions as the sequence variation found between c. trachomatis serovars. subsequent restriction enzyme analysis of a22/m d ... | 1989 | 2612883 |
| [the clinical effectiveness of oflx in the treatment of chlamydial pneumonia]. | we treated three patients of chlamydial pneumonia with oflx, two patients were diagnosed as psittacosis and one as pneumonia associated with twar strain by serologic test. three hundred mg of oflx was orally administered three times per day and the duration of treatment was from seven to fourteen days, and we compared the clinical effectiveness of oflx in three cases (mild: 1, moderate: 2) with that of mino in eleven cases (mild: 3, moderate: 8), who were administered two hundred mg of mino two ... | 1989 | 2614088 |
| ultrastructural studies on the intracellular fate of chlamydia psittaci (strain guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis) and chlamydia trachomatis (strain lymphogranuloma venereum 434): modulation of intracellular events and relationship with endocytic mechanism. | previous observations on the highly infectious lgv strain 434 of chlamydia trachomatis and the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) strain of c. psittaci (which requires centrifugation of inocula with host cell monolayers for maximum infectivity) indicated that infectivity differences were expressed, not at entry, but at an intracellular stage affecting multiplication. centrifugation increased the potential of internalized chlamydiae to undergo productive infection. here, analysis of the i ... | 1989 | 2614396 |
| a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) protocol for the specific detection of chlamydia spp. | the polymerase chain reaction is an in vitro procedure for primer-directed enzymatic amplification of specific template nucleic acid sequences. this technique was used to detect and differentiate chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia psittaci in laboratory samples of infected mccoy cells. the polymerase chain reaction was shown to be both sensitive, detecting in the order of one chlamydial dna molecule in 10(5) cells, and specific. no cross reaction (amplified product) was detected when a variety ... | 1989 | 2615767 |
| a clinical and epidemiological study of "ornithosis" caused by chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae (strain twar). | ornithosis is a notifiable disease in sweden since 1954. in 1981 and 1982 a sharp increase in the number of notifications occurred. since then the number has declined but is still high. a changed epidemiology characterized by no history of bird contact and no common source, raised the suspicion of a new agent. serological data now suggest that the epidemic was to a substantial part due to chlamydia pneumoniae (strain twar) (48% of the patients during 1981-1982 compared to 9% during 1984-1987). d ... | 1989 | 2617210 |
| [inventory of the shedding of chlamydia psittaci by parakeets in the utrecht area using elisa]. | using a chlamydia-elisa test to detect the agent in cloacal swabs in budgerigars and other parakeets, the following findings may be summarised: --10/25 breeders of budgerigars (40 per cent) housed birds shedding the agent, involving ten per cent of all birds tested, average shedding being 28 per cent in positive lofts. --4/15 pet shops (27 per cent) were found to have positive birds on sale, at least three per cent of all tested birds being shedders, the proportion of shedders averaging nine per ... | 1989 | 2617495 |
| plasmid diversity within the genus chlamydia. | examination of 12 chlamydia psittaci strains recovered from nine different host species (three avian and six mammalian) revealed the presence of a 7.5 kb plasmid in all isolates except two ovine abortion strains, the human strain iol207 and the cal 10 strain. restriction mapping analysis distinguished four different plasmids that were associated with avian, feline, equine and guinea-pig c. psittaci isolates, respectively. the restriction maps of these four c. psittaci plasmid types all differed ... | 1989 | 2621449 |
| conserved dna sequences in chlamydial plasmids. | two 7.4-kb plasmids from chlamydia psittaci have been cloned and characterized. these plasmids are quite distinct from the 6.2-kb c. psittaci and the c. trachomatis plasmids when compared by restriction endonuclease analysis. the plasmids show considerable cross-hybridization, with only a small region highly conserved and identified as a 4 x 22-bp tandemly repeated region. this sequence is identical in the two size categories of c. psittaci plasmids and differs from c. trachomatis plasmids by on ... | 1989 | 2623085 |
| a raw milk--chlamydia connection? | | 1989 | 2626293 |
| pathogenesis of chlamydial infections. | | 1989 | 2671975 |
| serological cross-reactivity among chlamydial strains in a family outbreak of psittacosis. | three members of a family of nine persons contracted psittacosis with severe pneumonia, respiratory failure, delirium, hepatitis and renal involvement. a newly purchased cockatiel was probably the primary source of infection but person-to-person transmission is likely to have taken place between twin brothers who shared a bedroom, one of whom had no direct contact with birds. type-specific chlamydial serological tests identified the infecting agent as chlamydia psittaci. the highest titres in th ... | 1989 | 2674292 |
| biology of chlamydiae. | | 1989 | 2689403 |
| genetic, immunologic, and pathologic characterization of avian chlamydial strains. | chlamydia psittaci is a diverse group of organisms that affects birds and mammals. the number of biovars is unknown, and less is known about the number of serovars. our restriction endonuclease analysis indicates that there are at least 5 biovars including avian, abortion-enteritis, ipa, m56, and gpic. monoclonal antibody studies revealed 4 serovars in the avian biovar. monoclonal antibody studies have not yet been performed to identify multiple serovars in the other biovars; however, microimmun ... | 1989 | 2689404 |
| isolation and identification of chlamydia psittaci from pet birds. | culturing of chlamydia psittaci from pet birds requires the inoculation of a susceptible living host system with suspensions of various tissues from dead birds or with tracheal and/or cloacal swabs and fresh feces from live birds. cell cultures have been used as the host system. the most commonly used cell cultures for isolation of c psittaci from pet birds are mccoy and mouse l cells. the sensitivity and specificity of cell culture equals or surpasses embryonating chicken eggs and mice, and res ... | 1989 | 2689411 |
| methods of chlamydial antigen detection. | | 1989 | 2689412 |
| [successful treatment of a patient with fulminant psittacosis]. | a previously healthy 40-year-old woman was admitted with severe dyspnea, cough and slight fever. chest x-ray film revealed bilateral widespread opaque infiltration with ground glass shadows around it. the laboratory examination showed moderate hepatic and muscular injury with disseminated intravascular coagulation. in addition her arterial blood gas showed severe hypoxemia (pao2: 25 torr under room air). moreover, about 1 week prior to admission, 2 baby budgerigars she had been raising for half ... | 1989 | 2693784 |
| erythema nodosum--a manifestation of chlamydia pneumoniae (strain twar) infection. | we describe 2 cases of erythema nodosum (en) secondary to an infection with the twar strain of chlamydia, recently designated chlamydia pneumoniae. two young patients, 17 and 11 years old, were admitted with en and no physical signs of pneumonia. one patient had a non-productive cough and fever. the other patient only ran a high fever. chest radiography revealed bronchopneumonias. infection with the c. pneumoniae species was proven by serologic testing using microimmunofluorescence technique. se ... | 1989 | 2694350 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci in free-ranging koalas (phascolarctos cinereus): dna hybridization and immuno-slot blot analyses. | dna-slot hybridization and immuno-slot blot analyses were compared for the detection of chlamydia psittaci in crude swab material from free-ranging koalas. immuno-slot blot analysis detected chlamydiae in 43 out of 68 koalas, with the sensitivity of the assay varying from 52 to 73% depending on the site of infection. gene probe analysis was also used employing a genus-specific probe pcko-10 isolated from a koala chlamydial gene library (ocular strain) and a plasmid probe pcku cloned from a uroge ... | 1989 | 2696197 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the major outer membrane protein genes of two chlamydia psittaci strains. | we cloned and sequenced the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) of two chlamydia psittaci strains, guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) strain 1, and meningopneumonitis (mn) strain cal-10. intraspecies alignment of the two c. psittaci momp genes revealed 80.6% similarity, and interspecies comparison of c. trachomatis and c. psittaci momp genes yielded about 68% similarity. as found previously for c. trachomatis momp sequences, stretches of predominantly conserved sequence ... | 1989 | 2707861 |
| atypical pneumonia. | | 1989 | 2716319 |
| further characterization of a bacteriophage recovered from an avian strain of chlamydia psittaci. | the genome of a 22 nm icosahedral phage which infects some avian chlamydia psittaci strains recovered from domestic ducks has been characterized as a ss circular dna molecule of about 4850 bases. the replicative form of this genome was isolated from purified chlamydial organisms. a restriction endonuclease cleavage site map of the genome was constructed from dsdna synthesized in vitro from ss phage dna and ecori fragments were then cloned into puc9. the phage genome was detected only by southern ... | 1989 | 2732718 |
| fatty acid profiles of chlamydia using capillary gas chromatography. | fatty acid profiles of purified elementary bodies of chlamydia trachomatis (ct) serotypes d, g and l3 were investigated by gas liquid chromatography (glc) utilizing three fused silica capillary columns of different polarities. ct serotype c and c. psittaci (cp) strain dd34 were investigated using one column only due to the lack of adequate quantities of purified material. significantly similar fatty acid profiles were observed in the serotypes examined. however, based on the percentage ratio of ... | 1989 | 2742369 |
| [ornithosis in domestic and imported bird species]. | in investigations of imported bird species, domestic fowl and feral birds, ornithosis antibodies were found also in feral city pigeons and sparrows which live among them. | 1989 | 2744466 |
| chlamydia psittaci excretion in ovine milk tested. | | 1989 | 2750065 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis determination of the genome size of obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the genera chlamydia, rickettsiella, and porochlamydia. | the chromosome length of obligate intracellular procaryotes was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of intact or noti- and sfii-restricted genomes. sizes averaged 2,100, 1,720, 1,550, 2,650, and 1,450 kilobases for rickettsiella grylli, rickettsiella melolonthae, porochlamydia buthi, porochlamydia chironomi, and chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis, respectively. an sfii restriction map of the r. melolonthae genome was derived. | 1989 | 2753864 |
| chlamydia in ovine milk. | | 1989 | 2756637 |
| an outbreak of psittacosis in minnesota turkey industry workers: implications for modes of transmission and control. | from june through november 1986, an outbreak of psittacosis occurred in turkey industry workers in central minnesota. a total of 186 suspect cases were identified, and 122 cases (66%) were serologically confirmed. cases occurred in three turkey processing plants, two rendering plants, one farm, and one "further processing" plant (where meat is removed from previously eviscerated carcasses and consumer products, such as roasts, are made). as in previous outbreaks, workers exposed to the viscera o ... | 1989 | 2764001 |
| variations in the virulence of strains of chlamydia psittaci for pregnant ewes. | invasive and non-invasive strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from faeces of clinically healthy ewes and from vaginal swabs of ewes which had aborted were injected intravenously or intradermally into pregnant ewes. the results were studied by recording the ewes' thermal and serological responses, lambing performance and the excretion of chlamydia from the vagina. the differences between the effects of different invasive strains were greater after intradermal inoculation than after intravenous ... | 1989 | 2773238 |
| [incidence of coxiella burnetti and chlamydia psittaci in cattle in southern bohemia]. | in 1986 and 1987 in six districts and 22 localities of the southern bohemian region, and in one district and one locality of the western bohemian region the total of 747 head of cattle was examined by a microagglutination method (mar) and complement fixation method (kfr) for antibodies to coxiella burnetii and chlamydia psittaci. the positivity of c. burnetii detection was 44.4% in mar and 16.5% in kfr. the positivity of chl. psittaci detection was 7.1%. the widespread incidence and highly posit ... | 1989 | 2800248 |
| chlamydia infections in racing pigeons in great britain: a retrospective serological survey. | | 1989 | 2800294 |
| seroprevalence of chlamydia psittaci-specific antibodies in small stock in namibia--epidemiological study with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an igg (h+l)-elisa was applied as a screening test for antibodies against chlamydia (c.) psittaci in sera of goats and sheep in namibia. in 576 (27.3%) of a total of 2,107 sera (299 = 25.2% of 1,185 caprine and 277 = 30.0% of 922 ovine sera) chlamydial antibodies could be detected. 86% of all farms tested revealed seropositive animals. chlamydial infections were prevalent in all the geographical regions tested. the infection rates per state veterinary district varied from 12.0% (otjiwarongo) to ... | 1989 | 2800787 |
| characterization of the new chlamydia agent, twar, as a unique organism by restriction endonuclease analysis and dna-dna hybridization. | several molecular techniques were used for comparison of the novel chlamydia agent, twar, with chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia psittaci. unlike all serotypes of c. trachomatis and most strains of c. psittaci, the eight twar isolates examined did not contain extrachromosomal dna. twar was readily distinguished from c. trachomatis or c. psittaci by restriction endonuclease analysis, whereas identical or nearly identical restriction patterns were observed among the twar isolates. southern blot ... | 1987 | 2822763 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of dna from two isolates of chlamydia psittaci obtained from human abortions. | | 1987 | 2825905 |
| comparison of chlamydia psittaci isolates by restriction endonuclease and dna probe analyses. | dnas from eight chlamydia psittaci isolates (koala conjunctivitis, avian psittacosis, avian ornithosis, ovine abortion, ovine polyarthritis, sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis, and feline conjunctivitis) and one chlamydia trachomatis isolate (lymphogranuloma venereum) were compared by restriction endonuclease and dna probe analyses. digestion with hindiii yielded a series of discrete fragments which allowed the differentiation of most isolates. a gene probe, pfen207, which encodes the chlamydia-s ... | 1988 | 2826336 |
| serological investigations for some bacterial and viral pathogens in fallow deer (cervus dama) and wild boar (sus scrofa) of the san rossore preserve, tuscany, italy. | sera of 43 fallow deer (cervus dama) of the san rossore preserve (tuscany, italy) were examined for antibodies against eight pathogens; one proved positive for brucella sp., 21 for listeria monocytogenes, 34 for chlamydia psittaci, three for coxiella burnetii, one for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, 11 for parainfluenza-3 virus, 25 for bovine viral diarrhea virus and six for bovine respiratory syncytial virus. no age and sex difference in the positivity rates and titers was evidenced, w ... | 1988 | 2832622 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of dna from chlamydia trachomatis biovars. | dna from a total of 60 chlamydia trachomatis isolates was examined by restriction endonuclease analysis. strains from all established biovars and serovars were tested. there was great diversity between the mouse biovar and the lymphogranuloma venereum (lgv) and trachoma biovars. the lgv and trachoma biovar isolates generated similar fragment patterns; however, distinct fragments appeared to be unique to both biovars, thus allowing differentiation of these two major groups. in most cases, strains ... | 1988 | 2835386 |
| [serological survey of feline leukemia virus infection and the outcome of antibody-positive cats]. | a serological survey was carried out to examine the presence of antibodies against feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen (focma) in 208 cat sera collected at teikyo university school of medicine. seven cats (3.4%) were positive for felv antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay whereas no cat was positive for focma antibody by indirect membrane immunofluorescent test. anemia, leukemia and/or lymphoma formation were not observed in these felv ... | 1988 | 2840305 |
| comparison of dna-spot hybridization, cell culture and direct immunofluorescence staining for the diagnosis of avian chlamydiae. | dna-spot hybridization, cell culture and direct immunofluorescence staining were compared for the detection of avian chlamydia psittaci strains in cell culture dilutions and in routine samples submitted for diagnosis. with dilutions of infected cell culture material, growth in bgm cells was by far the most sensitive technique, detecting 0.01 infected cells (20 elementary bodies) ml-1. dna-spot hybridization and direct immunofluorescence staining were of approximately equal sensitivity, both dete ... | 1988 | 2847401 |
| disulfide-mediated interactions of the chlamydial major outer membrane protein: role in the differentiation of chlamydiae? | the effects of exogenous reducing agents on a number of biological properties of purified chlamydia trachomatis lgv-434 and chlamydia psittaci meningopneumonitis elementary bodies (ebs) have been examined in an attempt to identify in vitro correlates of early events in the differentiation of the infectious eb to the replicative cell type, the reticulate body (rb). treatment of ebs with dithiothreitol elicited a number of changes normally associated with differentiation to the rb. ebs in the pres ... | 1985 | 2857160 |
| outbreak of psittacosis associated with a cockatiel. | | 1987 | 2888965 |
| respiratory tract infections and importation of exotic birds. | | 1988 | 2895349 |
| twar--chlamydia in a new guise? | | 1988 | 2896832 |
| chlamydial infection. | | 1988 | 2896939 |
| psittacine birds and chlamydia. | | 1988 | 2903406 |
| mouse models for evaluation of virulence of chlamydia psittaci isolated from ruminants. | intestinal strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from faeces of clinically healthy sheep or goats were differentiated from pathogenic strains isolated from animals affected with chlamydial diseases by their virulence in mice. the invasiveness of strains after footpad inoculation was estimated in non-pregnant mice by recording the colonisation and the enlargement of the spleen on days 6 and 9 after inoculation. the abortifacient effect was judged by measuring the colonisation of placenta and fet ... | 1989 | 2922503 |
| comparison of protein patterns between invasive and non-invasive ovine strains of chlamydia psittaci. | protein patterns displayed in sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds) electrophoresis by invasive and noninvasive strains of chlamydia psittaci showed three constant differences, the most distinctive being a band at 90 kd from invasive strains. in comparison with other methods so far described, this method provides a more efficient means of differentiating between invasive and non-invasive strains. furthermore, it may lead to the development of improved methods of diagnosis. | 1989 | 2922504 |
| relationship between virulence of chlamydia psittaci strains and establishment of persistent infection of mccoy cells. | the pathogenicity of chlamydial strains for their natural hosts and their ability to induce persistent infections in mccoy cells were compared. both virulent and avirulent strains persistently infected mccoy cells, but the appearance of the cell culture varied between strains. avirulent strains induced completely inapparent persistent infection (infection type 1), while with invasive strains the culture alternated between periods of cell multiplication and periods of extensive cytopathic change ... | 1989 | 2922922 |