| association of environmental traits with the geographic ranges of ticks (acari: ixodidae) of medical and veterinary importance in the western palearctic. a digital data set. | we compiled information on the distribution of ticks in the western palearctic (11°w, 45°e; 29°n, 71°n), published during 1970-2010. the literature search was filtered by the tick's species name and an unambiguous reference to the point of capture. records from some curated collections were included. we focused on tick species of importance to human and animal health, in particular: ixodes ricinus, dermacentor marginatus, d. reticulatus, haemaphysalis punctata, h. sulcata, hyalomma marginatum, h ... | 2012 | 22843316 |
| efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against ctenocephalides felis flea infestation in dogs. | five studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin on cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis, when applied to dogs, including dogs that underwent water exposure or shampooing. | 2015 | 25630582 |
| fipronil and permethrin combination: a novel ectoparasiticide for dogs. | | 2015 | 25622552 |
| efficacy and safety of a permethrin-fipronil spot-on solution (effitix®) in dogs naturally infested by ticks in europe. | effitix is a new broad spectrum product based on the combination of fipronil 6.1% and permethrin 54.5% in a solution for spot-on application. it has been shown to be safe and efficacious in dogs in controlling tick, flea, sandfly, and mosquito infestations in laboratory conditions. the aim of this controlled, randomised study was to assess its safety and efficacy against natural tick infestations in field conditions. one hundred eighty-two privately owned dogs were included in france and germany ... | 2016 | 27703984 |
| the ecological niche of dermacentor marginatus in germany. | the ixodid tick dermacentor marginatus (sulzer, 1776) is endemic throughout southern europe in the range of 33-51 (°) n latitude. in germany, however, d. marginatus was exclusively reported in the rhine valley and adjacent areas. its northern distribution limit near giessen is located at the coordinates 8.32 (°) e/50.65 (°) n. particularly with regard to the causative agents of rickettsioses, tularemia, and q fever, the observed locations as well as the potential distribution of the vector d. ma ... | 2016 | 26993325 |
| changes in the activity of adult stages of dermacentor reticulatus (ixodida: amblyommidae) induced by weather factors in eastern poland. | the host-seeking activity in dermacentor reticulatus ticks undergoes rhythmical changes correlated with environmental conditions. therefore, this study is focused on investigating the activity of adult stages of the species during weather changes occurring in winter months in eastern poland, i.e. a period of tick diapause. | 2014 | 24885216 |
| francisella tularensis: no evidence for transovarial transmission in the tularemia tick vectors dermacentor reticulatus and ixodes ricinus. | tularemia is a zoonosis caused by the francisella tularensis, a highly infectious gram-negative coccobacillus. due to easy dissemination, multiple routes of infection, high environmental contamination and morbidity and mortality rates, francisella is considered a potential bioterrorism threat and classified as a category a select agent by the cdc. tick bites are among the most prevalent modes of transmission, and ticks have been indicated as a possible reservoir, although their reservoir compete ... | 2015 | 26244842 |
| theileria annae (syn. babesia microti-like) infection in dogs in nw spain detected using direct and indirect diagnostic techniques: clinical report of 75 cases. | in north-western spain, piroplamosis caused by theileria annae is now recognized as a serious problem because veterinarians, despite being aware of the clinical signs of piroplasmosis, lack the necessary information on its epidemiology or specific diagnostic tools for its management. this, along with the fact that t. annae infection is also refractory to current piroplamosis treatments, prompted this study designed to assess the clinical presentation and diagnosis of this largely unknown parasit ... | 2015 | 25890106 |
| specific histamine binding activity of a new lipocalin from hyalomma asiaticum (ixodidae) and therapeutic effects on allergic asthma in mice. | lipocalin proteins are secreted by tick salivary glands as an important strategy to interfere with the immune response of hosts. a large number of lipocalins are secreted, but the functions of most of these proteins are unclear. here, we report a new lipocalin protein with particular histamine binding capacity, which was isolated from the salivary glands of the tick hyalomma asiaticum. | 2016 | 27639693 |
| kampinos national park: a risk area for spotted fever group rickettsioses, central poland? | ixodid ticks are important vectors of a variety of bacterial and protozoan pathogens which cause infections in humans. in this study, altogether 1041 questing ixodes ricinus (n = 305) and dermacentor reticulatus ticks (n = 736), sympatrically occurring in kampinos national park (kpn), central-east poland, were analyzed by pcr for rickettsia species. overall, the pathogen prevalence in ticks was 27.5 % for i. ricinus and 42.8 % for d. reticulatus. sequencing analysis showed that the first tick sp ... | 2016 | 27631765 |
| sensitivity to permethrin in a dermacentor reticulatus population from eastern poland in laboratory study. | the action of chemical compounds on the palaearctic tick d. reticulatus (fabricius) (acari: amblyomminae) has been poorly investigated so far. therefore, the effects of application of permethrin on engorged d. reticulatus females have been assessed, and the survival rate for the different developmental stages of the tick species in its non-parasitic phase of the life cycle was determined upon application of the pyrethroid. | 2014 | 24405550 |
| detection of theileria luwenshuni in sheep from great britain. | theileria spp. are tick-borne protozoan parasites of the phylum apicomplexa, order piroplasmida that infect a wide range of wild and domestic animals. in great britain, theileria spp. have been reported from livestock associated with transmission by the tick haemaphysalis punctata. however, these reports have not been associated with disease. this study has investigated the cause of a disease outbreak accompanied by mortality in a flock of sheep grazing reclaimed marshland in north kent. | 2016 | 27075661 |
| structure and mechanism in salivary proteins from blood-feeding arthropods. | the saliva of blood-feeding arthropods contains rich mixtures of ligand binding proteins targeted at inhibiting hemostasis and inflammation in the host. since blood feeding has evolved many times, different taxonomic groups utilize completely different families of proteins to perform similar tasks. structural studies performed on a number of these proteins have revealed biologically novel and sophisticated mechanisms used to perform their functions. here, the results of these structural and mech ... | 2009 | 19925819 |
| a review of piroplasmid infections in wild carnivores worldwide: importance for domestic animal health and wildlife conservation. | piroplasmids are tick-borne protozoan parasites that infect blood cells (erythrocytes, lymphocytes or other leukocytes) or endothelial cells of numerous wild and domestic vertebrates worldwide. they cause severe disease in livestock, dogs, cats, wild mammals and, occasionally, in humans. piroplasmid infections are prevalent in wild carnivores worldwide although there is limited information about their clinical and epidemiological importance. there are currently nine recognized species of babesia ... | 2016 | 27724937 |
| comparative speed of kill of sarolaner (simparica™ chewables) and fluralaner (bravecto(®)) against induced infestations of amblyomma americanum on dogs. | the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, infests dogs and cats in north america and transmits the pathogens ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia ewingii, which cause monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and humans, and cytauxzoon felis which causes cytauxzoonosis in cats. a parasiticide's speed of kill is important to minimize the direct deleterious effects [related to blood-feeding] of tick infestation and reduce the risk of transmission of tick-borne pathogens. in this study the spe ... | 2016 | 27430425 |
| evasins: therapeutic potential of a new family of chemokine-binding proteins from ticks. | blood-sucking parasites, such as ticks, remain attached to their hosts for relatively long periods of time in order to obtain their blood meal without eliciting an immune response. one mechanism used to avoid rejection is the inhibition of the recruitment of immune cells, which can be achieved by a class of chemokine-binding proteins (ckbps) known as evasins. we have identified three distinct evasins produced by the salivary glands of the common brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. they dis ... | 2016 | 27375615 |
| comparative speed of kill of oral treatments with simparica™ (sarolaner) and bravecto®(fluralaner) against induced infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs. | rhipicephalus sanguineus is the most widely distributed tick species infesting dogs worldwide, which may cause discomfort to the host and transmit diseases. acaricides with a rapid and sustained speed of kill are thus important to prevent infestation and to reduce the risk of disease transmission. in this study, the speed of kill of a monthly administered simparica™ (sarolaner) treatment against induced infestations with r. sanguineus on dogs was evaluated and compared with a single dose of brav ... | 2016 | 26911244 |
| comparative speed of kill after treatment with simparica™ (sarolaner) and advantix®(imidacloprid + permethrin) against induced infestations of dermacentor reticulatus on dogs. | ticks are common ectoparasites that infest dogs globally. acaricides with rapid and sustained speed of kill are critical to control infestations and to reduce the risk of disease transmission. this study evaluated the speed of kill for 5 weeks after a single dose of orally administered simparica™ (sarolaner) against induced infestations with dermacentor reticulatus on dogs, compared to advantix® spot-on solution for dogs (imidacloprid + permethrin). | 2016 | 26911323 |
| efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar against fleas, ticks, mites and lice on dogs. | the studies reported here were conducted to ascertain the efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin incorporated in a slow-release matrix collar, against infestations of dogs by fleas, ticks, mites and lice. efficacy was evaluated against the flea ctenocephalides felis felis, the ticks rhipicephalus sanguineus, ixodes ricinus, ixodes scapularis, dermacentor reticulatus and dermacentor variabilis, the mite sarcoptes scabiei and the biting louse trichodectes canis. | 2012 | 22647530 |
| occurrence of tick-transmitted pathogens in dogs in jos, plateau state, nigeria. | canine babesiosis caused by babesia rossi, transmitted by haemaphysalis elliptica in south africa, has also been reported from nigeria. although h. leachi (sensu lato) is widespread in sub-saharan africa, published literature on the occurrence of canine babesiosis is meagre. it has been postulated that the genotype of babesia rossi erythrocyte membrane antigen 1 (brema1) may be linked to virulence of the specific isolate. the primary objective of this study was to detect and characterise tick-bo ... | 2014 | 24661795 |
| ticks infesting domestic dogs in the uk: a large-scale surveillance programme. | recent changes in the distribution of tick vectors and the incidence of tick-borne disease, driven variously by factors such as climate change, habitat modification, increasing host abundance and the increased movement of people and animals, highlight the importance of ongoing, active surveillance. this paper documents the results of a large-scale survey of tick abundance on dogs presented to veterinary practices in the uk, using a participatory approach that allows relatively cost- and time-eff ... | 2016 | 27388169 |
| a review of canine babesiosis: the european perspective. | canine babesiosis is a significant tick-borne disease caused by various species of the protozoan genus babesia. although it occurs worldwide, data relating to european infections have now been collected for many years. these data have boosted the publication record and increased our working knowledge of these protozoan parasites. both the large and small forms of babesia species (b. canis, b. vogeli, b. gibsoni, and b. microti-like isolates also referred to as "b. vulpes" and "theileria annae") ... | 2016 | 27289223 |
| update on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in southern france. | canine babesiosis is an emerging or re-emerging disease caused by babesia and theileria protozoans, also called piroplasms, transmitted by ixodid ticks. in europe, four etiological agents have been identified to date, namely babesia canis, b. vogeli, b. gibsoni and theileria annae. france has a high prevalence of canine babesiosis and two tick species, dermacentor reticulatus and rhipicephalus sanguineus, are supposed to transmit b. canis and b. vogeli respectively. in southern france, where dog ... | 2015 | 26303260 |
| novel rickettsia raoultii strain isolated and propagated from austrian dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | continuous culture of tick cell lines has proven a valuable asset in isolating and propagating several different vector-borne pathogens, making it possible to study these microorganisms under laboratory conditions and develop serological tests to benefit public health. we describe a method for effective, cost- and labor-efficient isolation and propagation of rickettsia raoultii using generally available laboratory equipment and rhipicephalus microplus cells, further demonstrating the usefulness ... | 2016 | 27809928 |
| dna of piroplasms of ruminants and dogs in ixodid bat ticks. | in this study 308 ticks (ixodes ariadnae: 26 larvae, 14 nymphs, five females; i. vespertilionis: 89 larvae, 27 nymphs, eight females; i. simplex: 80 larvae, 50 nymphs, nine females) have been collected from 200 individuals of 17 bat species in two countries, hungary and romania. after dna extraction these ticks were molecularly analysed for the presence of piroplasm dna. in hungary i. ariadnae was most frequently identified from bat species in the family vespertilionidae, whereas i. vespertilion ... | 2016 | 27930692 |
| migratory birds, ticks, and bartonella. | bartonella spp. infections are considered to be vector-borne zoonoses; ticks are suspected vectors of bartonellae. migratory birds can disperse ticks infected with zoonotic pathogens such as rickettsia and tick-borne encephalitis virus and possibly also bartonella. thus, in the present study 386 tick specimens collected in spring 2009 from migratory birds on the mediterranean islands capri and antikythera were screened for bartonella spp. rna. one or more ticks were found on 2.7% of the birds. m ... | 2011 | 22957116 |
| first molecular evidence of hepatozoon canis infection in red foxes and golden jackals from hungary. | recently, hepatozoon canis infection has been detected among shepherd, hunting and stray dogs in the southern part of hungary, which is considered to be free of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and close to the border with croatia. the aim of this study was to acquire information on the possibility that red foxes and/or golden jackals could play a role in the appearance and spread of h. canis in hungary. | 2014 | 24985073 |
| experimental transmission of babesia microti by rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | human babesiosis is considered an emerging threat in china. dozens of human infections with babesia microti have been reported recently, especially in southern china. however, the transmission vectors of this parasite in these areas are not well understood. rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, which is one of the dominant tick species in southern china, is a major vector of bovine babesiosis in china. however, whether this tick has the potential to transmit b. microti has not been tested. the present ... | 2016 | 27112141 |
| transmission routes of african swine fever virus to domestic pigs: current knowledge and future research directions. | african swine fever (asf) is a major threat to the pig industry in europe. since 2007, asf outbreaks have been ongoing in the caucasus, eastern europe and the baltic countries, causing severe economic losses for many pig farmers and pork producers. in addition, the number of asf cases in wild boar populations has dramatically increased over the past few years. evidence supports direct contact with infectious domestic pigs and wild boars, and consumption of contaminated feed, as the main transmis ... | 0 | 26966305 |
| evaluation of the long-term efficacy and safety of an imidacloprid 10%/flumethrin 4.5% polymer matrix collar (seresto®) in dogs and cats naturally infested with fleas and/or ticks in multicentre clinical field studies in europe. | the objective of these two gcp multicentre european clinical field studies was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of a new imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto®, bayer animalhealth, investigational veterinary product(ivp)) in dogs and cats naturally infested with fleas and/or ticks in comparison to a dimpylat collar ("ungezieferband fuer hunde/fuer katzen", beaphar, control product (cp)). | 2012 | 22463745 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia sp. in an austrian fox is distinct from candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis, but closer related to candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris. | candidatus neoehrlichia came under the focus of recent research in terms of human and pet relevance. candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis seems to be relatively abundant in animals and humans from central european countries, whereas candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris was found solely in raccoons from the usa. | 2015 | 26471191 |
| repellency and acaricidal efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against ixodes ricinus and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks on dogs. | a blinded, controlled laboratory study was conducted to assess the repellency and acaricidal activity of a topical spot on formulation, a combination of fipronil and permethrin, against ixodes ricinus and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks on dogs. | 2015 | 26463998 |
| vector-borne transmission of besnoitia besnoiti by blood-sucking and secretophagous flies: epidemiological and clinicopathological implications. | bovine besnoitiosis has been recently diagnosed in a three-parted herd of 796 aubrac and charolais beef cattle in hungary. a large scale serological, histological and molecular survey was initiated in order to uncover important factors in the local epidemiology of the disease. | 2015 | 26338535 |
| detection and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus in baltic countries and eastern poland. | ticks were collected from the vegetation in the baltic countries estonia, latvia, lithuania and eastern poland and analyzed for the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) by amplification of the partial e and ns3 genes. in estonia we found statistically significant differences in the tbev prevalence between i. persulcatus and i. ricinus ticks (4.23% and 0.42%, respectively). in latvia, the difference in tbev prevalence between the two species was not statistically significant (1.02% fo ... | 2013 | 23650497 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis in rodents in an area with sympatric existence of the hard ticks ixodes ricinus and dermacentor reticulatus, germany. | candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis (cnm) has been described in the hard tick ixodes ricinus and rodents as well as in some severe cases of human disease. the aims of this study were to identify dna of cnm in small mammals, the ticks parasitizing them and questing ticks in areas with sympatric existence of ixodes ricinus and dermacentor reticulatus in germany. | 2012 | 23216786 |
| rickettsia species in ticks removed from humans in istanbul, turkey. | a total of 167 ticks collected from humans in istanbul (turkey) in 2006 were screened for rickettsia species, and nested pcrs targeting glta and ompa rickettsial fragment genes were carried out. rickettsia monacensis (51), r. aeschlimannii (8), r. conorii subsp. conorii (3), r. helvetica (2), r. raoultii (1), r. africae (1), r. felis (1), and other rickettsia spp. (2), were detected. to our knowledge, these rickettsia species (except r. conorii) had never been reported in ticks removed from huma ... | 2012 | 22925016 |
| first report of adult hyalomma marginatum rufipes (vector of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus) on cattle under a continental climate in hungary. | south hungary is being monitored for the northward spreading of thermophilic ixodid species, therefore ticks were collected from cattle and wild ruminants (red, fallow and roe deer) in the autumn of 2011. | 2012 | 22889105 |
| the synergistic action of imidacloprid and flumethrin and their release kinetics from collars applied for ectoparasite control in dogs and cats. | the control of tick and flea burdens in dogs and cats has become essential to the control of important and emerging vector borne diseases, some of which are zoonoses. flea worry and flea bite hypersensitivity are additionally a significant disease entity in dogs and cats. owner compliance in maintaining the pressure of control measures has been shown to be poor. for these reasons efforts are continuously being made to develop ectoparasiticides and application methods that are safe, effective and ... | 2012 | 22498105 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum prevalence in ticks and rodents in an urban and natural habitat in south-western slovakia. | ixodes ricinus is the principal vector of anaplasma phagocytophilum, the ethiological agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis in europe. anaplasmosis is an emerging zoonotic disease with a natural enzootic cycle. the reservoir competence of rodents is unclear. monitoring of a. phagocytophilum prevalence in i. ricinus and rodents in various habitat types of slovakia may contribute to the knowledge about the epidemiology of anaplasmosis in central europe. | 2015 | 25980768 |
| babesia spp. in questing ticks from eastern poland: prevalence and species diversity. | a total of 853 questing ixodes ricinus males, females, and nymphs and of 582 questing dermacentor reticulatus males and females were collected from vegetation on the territory of the lublin province (eastern poland). the ticks were examined for the presence of babesia by pcr detecting part of 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene and nuclear small subunit rrna (ss-rdna) for determining of babesia spp. and babesia microti, respectively. the overall incidence of babesia strains in i. ricinus ticks was 4.6 ... | 2015 | 25976982 |
| serological differentiation of antibodies against rickettsia helvetica, r. raoultii, r. slovaca, r. monacensis and r. felis in dogs from germany by a micro-immunofluorescent antibody test. | spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae can cause febrile diseases with or without rash in humans worldwide. in germany only limited data are available about their medical significance. serological screening tests for antibodies against rickettsiae usually only distinguish between sfg and typhus group (tg) rickettsiae due to the strong cross reactivities within the groups. seroprevalence rates in dogs, as possible sentinels for tick-borne diseases, could serve as an indicator for the distribution ... | 2015 | 25889200 |
| repellency, prevention of attachment and acaricidal efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against the main vector of canine babesiosis in europe, dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | dermacentor reticulatus is a european hard tick of major veterinary importance because it is the vector of canine babesiosis due to babesia canis. the efficacy against this particular tick species is therefore a key characteristic for an acaricidal solution for dogs. the repellency, prevention of attachment and acaricidal efficacy of frontline tri- act/frontect, a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against induced infestations of dermacentor reticulatus ticks on dogs were evaluated after ... | 2015 | 25622802 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum: prevalences and investigations on a new transmission path in small mammals and ixodid ticks. | small mammals are crucial for the life history of ixodid ticks, but their role and importance in the transmission cycle of tick-borne pathogens is mostly unknown. candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis (cnm) and anaplasma phagocytophilum are both tick-borne pathogens, and rodents are discussed to serve as main reservoir hosts for cnm but not for the latter especially in germany. analysing the prevalence of both pathogens in small mammals and their ticks in endemic regions may help to elucidate possi ... | 2014 | 25465390 |
| prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) rna in dermacentor reticulatus ticks from natural and urban environment, poland. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) (flaviviridae, flavivirus) is an arthropod-borne virus, an etiologic agent of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe), a human infection involving the central nervous system. the disease is endemic in a large region in eurasia, where it is transmitted mainly by ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus ticks. it is known that also dermacentor reticulatus is involved in circulation of tbev. however, the current knowledge of d. reticulatus importance in tbe epidemiology is s ... | 2014 | 25047961 |
| scabies mites alter the skin microbiome and promote growth of opportunistic pathogens in a porcine model. | the resident skin microbiota plays an important role in restricting pathogenic bacteria, thereby protecting the host. scabies mites (sarcoptes scabiei) are thought to promote bacterial infections by breaching the skin barrier and excreting molecules that inhibit host innate immune responses. epidemiological studies in humans confirm increased incidence of impetigo, generally caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes, secondary to the epidermal infestation with the parasitic mite ... | 2014 | 24875186 |
| rickettsiaceae and anaplasmataceae infections in ixodes ricinus ticks from urban and natural forested areas of poland. | ixodes ricinus is a major vector for a range of microbial pathogens and the most prevalent and widely distributed tick species on the european continent, occurring in both natural and urban habitats. nevertheless, little is known about the relative density of ticks in these two ecologically distinct habitats and the diversity of tick-borne pathogens that they carry. | 2014 | 24661311 |
| efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (bravecto™) or topically applied imidacloprid/moxidectin (advocate®) against generalized demodicosis in dogs. | this laboratory study compared the efficacy of bravecto™ (fluralaner), formulated as a chewable tablet, with the efficacy of advocate® (imidacloprid/moxidectin), formulated for topical administration, against naturally acquired generalized demodicosis in dogs. | 2015 | 25881320 |
| questionnaire-based survey on the distribution and incidence of canine babesiosis in countries of western europe. | the incidence of canine babesiosis may vary considerably from one country to another depending on the distribution of the causative parasite species and their specific vectors. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical occurrence of canine babesiosis diagnosed in european veterinary clinics and propose an updated map of the disease distribution in western europe. questionnaires were sent to companion animal veterinary clinics in spain, france, benelux, germany and austria. the an ... | 2014 | 24626325 |
| a randomized, blinded, controlled and multi-centered field study comparing the efficacy and safety of bravecto (fluralaner) against frontline (fipronil) in flea- and tick-infested dogs. | fluralaner, a new molecular entity of the isoxazoline class, has potent insecticidal and acaricidal activity and can be safely administered orally to dogs. | 2014 | 24593931 |
| a novel high-resolution melt pcr assay discriminates anaplasma phagocytophilum and "candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis". | "candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis" (anaplasmataceae) is an emerging pathogen transmitted by ixodes ticks. conventional pcr and the newly developed high-resolution melt pcr were used to detect and discriminate "candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis" and anaplasma phagocytophilum. both bacterial species were frequently found in ixodes ricinus and ixodes hexagonus but virtually absent from dermacentor reticulatus. in rodents, "candidatus n. mikurensis" was significantly more prevalent than a. phagoc ... | 2013 | 23576542 |
| prevalence of neoehrlichia mikurensis in ticks and rodents from north-west europe. | neoehrlichia mikurensis s an emerging and vector-borne zoonosis: the first human disease cases were reported in 2010. limited information is available about the prevalence and distribution of neoehrlichia mikurensis in europe, its natural life cycle and reservoir hosts. an ehrlichia-like schotti variant has been described in questing ixodes ricinus ticks, which could be identical to neoehrlichia mikurensis. | 2012 | 22515314 |
| a quantitative evaluation of the extent of fluralaner uptake by ticks (ixodes ricinus, ixodes scapularis) in fluralaner (bravecto) treated vs. untreated dogs using the parameters tick weight and coxal index. | fluralaner is a new antiparasitic drug that was recently introduced as bravecto chewable tablets for the treatment of tick and flea infestations in dogs. most marketed tick products exert their effect via topical application and contact exposure to the parasite. in contrast, bravecto delivers its acaricidal activity through systemic exposure. tick exposure to fluralaner occurs after attachment to orally treated dogs, which induces a tick-killing effect within 12 h. the fast onset of killing last ... | 2015 | 26123249 |
| assessment of domestic goats as models for experimental and natural infection with the north american isolate of rickettsia slovaca. | rickettsia slovaca is a tick-borne human pathogen that is associated with scalp eschars and neck lymphadenopathy known as tick-borne lymphadenopathy (tibola) or dermacentor-borne necrosis erythema and lymphadenopathy (debonel). originally, r. slovaca was described in eastern europe, but since recognition of its pathogenicity, human cases have been reported throughout europe. european vertebrate reservoirs of r. slovaca remain unknown, but feral swine and domestic goats have been found infected o ... | 2016 | 27741322 |
| host-feeding behaviour of dermacentor reticulatus and dermacentor marginatus in mono-specific and inter-specific infestations. | given the sympatric occurrence in some regions of europe and the great epidemiological significance of d. reticulatus and d. marginatus species, we investigated the behaviour of these ticks during inter-specific and mono-specific host infestations. | 2015 | 26381387 |
| questionnaire-based survey on distribution and clinical incidence of canine babesiosis in france. | the causative agent of canine babesiosis is the protozoan babesia canis, transmitted by the tick dermacentor reticulatus within france. while the parasite can be found everywhere in france however cases of infection are associated with distinct geographical foci. the aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical occurrence of canine babesiosis diagnosed in veterinary clinics in order to propose an updated map of the disease distribution in france. | 2013 | 23448544 |
| babesia infection in naturally exposed pet dogs from a north-eastern state (assam) of india: detection by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. | the objective of the study was to detect babesia infections in pet dogs of a north-eastern state of india. the diagnostic efficacy of babesia infection by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique has been compared with microscopy examination. for this, a total of 111 blood samples of pet dogs presented at clinical complex of the college of veterinary science, guwahati, assam with clinical signs suspected for babesia infection subjected to the study. a total of 44 (39.63 %) dogs were diagnosed a ... | 2013 | 25320489 |
| a novel combination of fipronil and permethrin (frontline tri-act®/frontect®) reduces risk of transmission of babesia canis by dermacentor reticulatus and of ehrlichia canis by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks to dogs. | the ability of frontline tri-act®/frontect®, a topical ectoparasiticide containing fipronil and permethrin for dogs, to prevent the transmission of babesia canis as well as ehrlichia canis was evaluated by infesting dogs with infected vector ticks. | 2015 | 26586365 |
| canine babesiosis in northwestern india: molecular detection and assessment of risk factors. | in the current study, a total of 214 blood samples from dogs in and around ludhiana, punjab (india), suspected for canine babesiosis were examined with conventional and molecular assays. examination of giemsa-stained peripheral thin blood smears revealed an overall prevalence of 7.47% (16/214) for canine babesiosis encompassing 0.93% (2/214) of large babesia and 6.54% (14/214) of babesia gibsoni. however, molecular diagnosis revealed 15.42% (33/214) samples positive for b. gibsoni infection as e ... | 2014 | 25013798 |
| babesia spp. in ticks and wildlife in different habitat types of slovakia. | babesiosis is an emerging and potentially zoonotic disease caused by tick-borne piroplasmids of the babesia genus. new genetic variants of piroplasmids with unknown associations to vectors and hosts are recognized. data on the occurrence of babesia spp. in ticks and wildlife widen the knowledge on the geographical distribution and circulation of piroplasmids in natural foci. questing and rodent-attached ticks, rodents, and birds were screened for the presence of babesia-specific dna using molecu ... | 2016 | 27207099 |
| knock-down and speed of kill of a combination of fipronil and permethrin for the prevention of ctenocephalides felis flea infestation in dogs. | a topical combination of fipronil + permethrin (frontline tri-act/frontect, merial) has recently been developed to control fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, sandflies and stable flies on dogs. two studies were conducted to assess its speed of kill and knock-down effect on ctenocephalides felis fleas. the combination was compared to either fipronil alone or to a combination of permethrin, dinotefuran, and pyriproxyfen, | 2016 | 26830931 |
| fatal babesia canis canis infection in a splenectomized estonian dog. | a previously splenectomized dog from estonia was presented with a sudden lack of appetite and discoloration of the urine. despite supportive therapy, its condition deteriorated dramatically during 1 day. severe thrombocytopenia and high numbers of protozoan hemoparasites were evident in blood smears, and the hematocrit dropped from 46 to 33 %. the dog was euthanized before specific antibabesial treatment was initiated. blood samples from the dog and from two other dogs in the same household test ... | 2016 | 26810086 |
| assessment of the prophylactic speed of kill of frontline tri-act(®) against ticks (ixodes ricinus and rhipicephalus sanguineus) on dogs. | the objective of the study was to assess the speed of kill of a single topical treatment with a combination of fipronil and permethrin (frontline tri-act(®)/frontect(®)) against experimental infestations of ixodes ricinus and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks on dogs. in this parallel group designed, randomised, single centre, controlled efficacy study, 16 healthy adult dogs were allocated to two groups: 8 dogs were treated with the topical combination on day 0 and the other 8 dogs served as untrea ... | 2016 | 26795064 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis in ticks and rodents from urban and natural habitats of south-western slovakia. | candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis (cnm) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen causing severe disease in immunocompromised patients. in europe, ixodes ricinus is the primary vector and rodents act as reservoir hosts. new data on the prevalence of cnm in ticks and rodents contribute to the knowledge on the distribution of endemic areas and circulation of the bacterium in natural foci. | 2016 | 26728197 |
| abundance and seasonal activity of haemaphysalis concinna (acari: ixodidae) at the border between china and russia in northern inner mongolia, china. | haemaphysalis concinna, a three-host tick vector of several pathogens, poses a high risk to the health of humans and livestock. however, knowledge of the seasonal activities, relative density and other ecological characteristics of this tick is quite limited and fragmentary. this knowledge gap represents a bottleneck in our understanding of the health risks associated with tick-borne pathogens. | 2016 | 26728523 |
| novel foci of dermacentor reticulatus ticks infected with babesia canis and babesia caballi in the netherlands and in belgium. | autochthonous populations of dermacentor reticulatus ticks in the netherlands were discovered after fatal cases of babesiosis occurred in resident dogs in 2004. the presence of d. reticulatus in the netherlands has also linked with the emergence of piroplasmosis in the resident horse population. the aim of this study was to put together results of continued surveillance of field sites and hosts for this tick in the netherlands and also in belgium and determine their infection status for babesia ... | 2015 | 25889392 |
| prevention of babesia canis in dogs: efficacy of a fixed combination of permethrin and fipronil (effitix®) using an experimental transmission blocking model with infected dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | two experimental studies using a transmission blocking model with dermacentor reticulatus ticks infected with babesia canis were performed to test the ability of effitix® to prevent the transmission of babesiosis in dogs. | 2015 | 25595325 |
| no evidence of african swine fever virus replication in hard ticks. | african swine fever (asf) is caused by african swine fever virus (asfv), a tick-borne dna virus. soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros are the only biological vectors of asfv recognized so far. although other hard ticks have been tested for vector competence, two commonly found tick species in europe, ixodes ricinus and dermacentor reticulatus, have not been assessed for their vector competence for asfv. in this study, we aimed to determine whether virus replication can occur in any of these two ... | 2014 | 24980962 |
| anaplasmataceae in wild ungulates and carnivores in northern spain. | wild vertebrates are essential hosts for tick-borne diseases but data on the prevalence and diversity of anaplasma spp. in wildlife are scarce. in this study, we used real-time pcr to investigate the distribution of anaplasma species in spleen samples collected from 625 wild animals (137 cervids, 227 wild boar, and 261 carnivores) in two regions in northern spain. a first generic real-time pcr assay was used to screen for the presence of anaplasma spp. followed by a second species-specific multi ... | 2016 | 26596894 |
| prevalence of infections and co-infections with 6 pathogens in dermacentor reticulatus ticks collected in eastern poland. | occurrence of co-infections with various pathogens in ixodid ticks creates a risk of increased severity of tick-borne diseases in humans and animals exposed to bite of the ticks carrying multiple pathogens. accordingly, co-infections in ticks were subject of numerous analyses, but almost exclusively with regard to ixodes ricinus complex whereas potential tick vectors belonging to other genera were much less studied. taking into consideration the role of dermacentor reticulatus in the transmissio ... | 2017 | 28378977 |
| canine babesiosis and tick activity monitored using companion animal electronic health records in the uk. | recent publications highlighting autochthonous babesia canis infection in dogs from essex that have not travelled outside the uk are a powerful reminder of the potential for pathogen emergence in new populations. here the authors use electronic health data collected from two diagnostic laboratories and a network of 392 veterinary premises to describe canine babesia cases and levels of babesia concern from january 2015 to march 2016, and the activity of ticks during december 2015-march 2016. in m ... | 2016 | 27484328 |
| molecular investigation of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from luanda, angola. | no molecular data have been available on tick-borne pathogens that infect dogs from angola. the occurrence of agents from the genera anaplasma, babesia, ehrlichia and hepatozoon was assessed in 103 domestic dogs from luanda, by means of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dna sequence analysis. | 2016 | 27160839 |
| prevention of transmission of babesia canis by dermacentor reticulatus ticks to dogs treated orally with fluralaner chewable tablets (bravecto™). | the preventive effect of fluralaner chewable tablets (bravecto™) against transmission of babesia canis by dermacentor reticulatus ticks was evaluated. | 2015 | 26040319 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia conorii and other zoonotic spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks, romania. | the diverse tick fauna as well as the abundance of tick populations in romania represent potential risks for both human and animal health. spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae are recognized as important agents of emerging human tick-borne diseases worldwide. however, the epidemiology of rickettsial diseases has been poorly investigated in romania. in urban habitats, companion animals which are frequently exposed to tick infestation, play a role in maintenance of tick populations and as reservo ... | 2016 | 26507182 |
| molecular detection of tick-borne rickettsial and protozoan pathogens in domestic dogs from turkey. | canine tick-borne parasites have emerged in recent years, showing a wider geographic distribution and increased global prevalence. in addition to their veterinary importance, domestic dogs play an important role in the transmission cycles of some agents by acting as reservoirs and sentinels. this study investigated babesia, theileria, anaplasma, and ehrlichia species in asymptomatic dogs in ten provinces of turkey. | 2015 | 25889911 |
| the efficacy of advantix® to prevent transmission of ehrlichia canis to dogs by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. | the capacity of a topical combination of imidacloprid and permethrin (advantix(®)) to prevent transmission of ehrlichia canis was studied in two groups of six dogs. one group served as controls, whereas the other group was treated. all dogs were exposed to e. canis-infected rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks on days 7, 14, 21 and day 28 post acaricidal treatment. the adult r. sanguineus ticks were released into the individual kennels of the dogs to simulate natural tick exposure. in situ tick counts ... | 2013 | 24135158 |
| complete genome sequence of rickettsia slovaca, the agent of tick-borne lymphadenitis. | the present study reports the complete and annotated genome sequence of the human pathogen rickettsia slovaca strain 13-b, which was isolated from a dermacentor tick in slovakia in 1968. the 1.27-mb genome provides further insights into the acquisition of virulence related to genome reduction in rickettsia species. | 0 | 22374949 |
| the prevalence of dirofilaria repens in cats, healthy dogs and dogs with concurrent babesiosis in an expansion zone in central europe. | dirofilaria repens is a mosquito-transmitted, filarial nematode parasitizing dogs, cats and other carnivores. recently, this parasite has spread in central europe, including poland. the aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of d. repens in cats and dogs in different regions of the country and to investigate the occurrence and consequences of co-infection with another fast-spreading vector-borne parasite, babesia canis. | 2016 | 27595920 |
| prevention of transmission of babesia canis by dermacentor reticulatus ticks to dogs after topical administration of fluralaner spot-on solution. | the preventive effect of fluralaner spot-on solution against transmission of babesia canis by dermacentor reticulatus ticks was evaluated. | 2016 | 27241120 |
| molecular identification and antigenic characterization of a merozoite surface antigen and a secreted antigen of babesia canis (bcmsa1 and bcsa1). | babesia canis is an apicomplexan tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan responsible for causing canine babesiosis in europe and west asia. despite its importance, there is no known rapid diagnostic kit detection of b. canis infection in dogs. the present study identified two novel antigens of b. canis and used the recombinant antigens to establish a rapid, specific and sensitive serodiagnostic technique for detection of b. canis infection. | 2016 | 27141812 |
| disseminated infection caused by francisella philomiragia, france, 2014. | | 0 | 26583375 |
| screening of bat faeces for arthropod-borne apicomplexan protozoa: babesia canis and besnoitia besnoiti-like sequences from chiroptera. | bats are among the most eco-epidemiologically important mammals, owing to their presence in human settlements and animal keeping facilities. roosting of bats in buildings may bring pathogens of veterinary-medical importance into the environment of domestic animals and humans. in this context bats have long been studied as carriers of various pathogen groups. however, despite their close association with arthropods (both in their food and as their ectoparasites), only a few molecular surveys have ... | 2015 | 26315069 |
| the effect of synthetic pyrethroids on the attachment and host-feeding behaviour in dermacentor reticulatus females (ixodida: amblyommidae). | the high competence of d. reticulatus in transmission of tick-borne pathogens prompts investigations of the effect of chemicals used as repellents and acaricides on the behaviour of the tick on the host. therefore, this paper presents the effect of permethrin and deltamethrin on the attachment and feeding in this tick species. | 2015 | 26160421 |
| occurrence of ticks and prevalence of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in three types of urban biotopes: forests, parks and cemeteries. | the aim of the present study was to compare different urban biotopes for the occurrence of ixodid tick species, for the population density of ixodes ricinus and for the prevalence rates of two emerging, zoonotic pathogens. altogether 2455 ticks were collected from the vegetation on 30 places (forests, parks, cemeteries) of budapest, hungary. i. ricinus and haemaphysalis concinna were collected in all three biotope types, but dermacentor reticulatus only in parks and forests, and d. marginatus on ... | 2014 | 25127161 |
| the infection of questing dermacentor reticulatus ticks with babesia canis and anaplasma phagocytophilum in the chernobyl exclusion zone. | tick occurrence was studied in the chernobyl exclusion zone (cez) during the august-october 2009-2012. dermacentor reticulatus ticks were collected using the flagging method and then screened for infection with anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia canis by a pcr method incorporating specific primers and sequence analysis. the prevalence of infection with b. canis canis and a. phagocytophilum was found to be 3.41% and 25.36%, respectively. the results present the first evidence of b. canis canis ... | 2014 | 24953751 |
| vector-borne pathogens in ticks and edta-blood samples collected from client-owned dogs, kiev, ukraine. | due to the availability of adequate habitats in urban environments, e.g. city parks and recreational green areas, ticks from such settings may also carry pathogens of veterinary and public health concern. thus, tick-borne infections may readily be identified in companion animals residing in urbanised areas. to investigate the presence of vector-borne pathogens in kiev, ukraine, 52 engorged adult ticks, 33 dermacentor reticulatus and 19 ixodes ricinus, were collected from 15 dogs in the spring of ... | 2013 | 23069260 |
| absence of borrelia spp., candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum in questing adult dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | to determine whether dermacentor reticulatus ticks are infected by borrelia spp., candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis, or anaplasma phagocytophilum, we collected questing adults in the outskirts of berlin, germany, examined them for the presence of dna of these pathogens, and compared the infection rates to those of sympatric ixodes ricinus ticks. questing d. reticulatus adults appeared not to harbor the bacterial pathogens that are prevalent in i. ricinus ticks. based on our sample size, the est ... | 2013 | 22955502 |
| species, developmental stage and infection with microbial pathogens of engorged ticks removed from dogs and questing ticks. | research into tick-borne diseases implies vector sampling and the detection and identification of microbial pathogens. ticks were collected simultaneously from dogs that had been exposed to tick bites and by flagging the ground in the area in which the dogs had been exposed. in total, 200 ticks were sampled, of which 104 came from dogs and 96 were collected by flagging. these ticks were subsequently examined for dna of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp. a ... | 2012 | 22882652 |
| molecular detection and characterization of anaplasma phagocytophilum strains. | the zoonotic rickettsial pathogen anaplasma phagocytophilum has a broad geographic distribution and a high degree of biological and clinical diversity. to investigate the genetic diversity of a. phagocytophilum strains in the baltic region and norway, three species of ixodidae ticks were examined for a. phagocytophilum infection, and two genes of the pathogen genome were analyzed. analysis of partial 16s rrna and partial major surface protein (msp4) gene sequences was accomplished through nested ... | 2012 | 22305337 |
| borrelia diversity and co-infection with other tick borne pathogens in ticks. | identifying borrelia burgdorferi as the causative agent of lyme disease in 1981 was a watershed moment in understanding the major impact that tick-borne zoonoses can have on public health worldwide, particularly in europe and the usa. the medical importance of tick-borne diseases has long since been acknowledged, yet little is known regarding the occurrence of emerging tick-borne pathogens such as borrelia spp., anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp., bartonella spp., "candidatus neoehrlichi ... | 2017 | 28261565 |
| emergence of tick-borne pathogens (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, ricketsia raoultii and babesia microti) in the kyiv urban parks, ukraine. | to date, only limited data about the presence of ticks and circulation of tick-borne pathogens in urban parks of kyiv in northern ukraine are available. in total, 767 ticks (696 ixodes ricinus and 69 dermacentor reticulatus) collected in seven urban parks and one suburban oak wood park in kyiv were individually analyzed by the pcr assays. tick-borne pathogens, namely spirochetes from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and babesia microti, were detected in 11.1% o ... | 2017 | 27923669 |
| the pcr and nested pcr detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti in dermacentor reticulatus f. collected in a new location in poland (trzciel, western poland). | the study was performed in the trzciel forest districts which is located in the west part of poland. the scots pine is the main tree species creating forest landscape there. dermacentor reticulatus, usually found in wet, boggy and damp habitat, in this case was discovered in fresh mixed coniferous forest and fresh coniferous forest. in central europe the dermacentor reticulatus is after ixodes ricinus the second most important vector for tick-borne diseases in europe. the ticks were collected by ... | 2016 | 27787203 |
| the role of particular tick developmental stages in the circulation of tick-borne pathogens affecting humans in central europe. 2. tick-borne encephalitis virus. | hard-bodied ticks transmit various pathogens, such as borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp., babesia spp., and carry numerous other microorganisms with an unknown pathogenic potential. among them, tick-borne encephalitis virus has great importance. in central european conditions all developmental stages of ticks participate in the zoonotic cycle of the tbe virus. according to pathogen and tick biology, the roles of larvae, nymphs and adults are different. la ... | 2016 | 27262951 |
| first molecular evidence of zoonotic bacteria in ticks in bosnia and herzegovina. | in bosnia and herzegovina, the tick fauna is very diverse, but data on the occurrence of zoonotic tick-borne bacteria are lacking. thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis', spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae and francisella tularensis in questing ticks. in 19 (21.8%) of 87 ticks (ixodes ricinus, n = 30; dermacentor reticulatus, n = 54; d. marginatus, n = 3) collected by flagg ... | 2016 | 26799474 |
| molecular detection of emerging tick-borne pathogens in vojvodina, serbia. | ticks play an important role in disease transmission globally due to their capability to serve as vectors for human and animal pathogens. the republic of serbia is an endemic area for a large number of tick-borne diseases. however, current knowledge on these diseases in serbia is limited. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of new emerging tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs and the vegetation from different parts of vojvodina, serbia. a total of 187 ticks, includ ... | 2016 | 26565929 |
| tick-borne diseases (borreliosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis) in german and austrian dogs: status quo and review of distribution, transmission, clinical findings, diagnostics and prophylaxis. | tick-borne diseases (tbd) in dogs have gained in significance in german and austrian veterinary practices. the widespread european tick species ixodes ricinus represents an important vector for spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group and rickettsiales such as anaplasma phagocytophilum. the meadow or ornate dog tick (dermacentor reticulatus) is an important vector for babesia canis, as is the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus) for babesia vogeli in the mediterranean regio ... | 2015 | 26152408 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum in natural rodent and tick communities in southern hungary. | the aim of this study was to investigate the natural cycle of the new human pathogenic bacteria candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum in southern hungary. we collected rodents with live-traps (2010-2013) and questing ticks with flagging in 2012. small mammals were euthanized, tissue samples were collected and all the ectoparasites were removed and stored in 70% alcohol. we found relatively low overall prevalence of tick infestation (8%). samples were analysed for a. ph ... | 2015 | 25468763 |
| identification of babesia species infecting dogs using reverse line blot hybridization for six canine piroplasms, and evaluation of co-infection by other vector-borne pathogens. | canine infection by vector-borne hemoparasites is frequent in tropical and sub-tropical areas where exposure to hematophageous ectoparasites is intensive. a reverse line blot (rlb) assay was designed to improve the simultaneous detection of all named canine piroplasm species combined with other vector-borne pathogens of dogs including ehrlichia canis, hepatozoon canis and leishmania infantum common in the mediterranean basin. blood samples of 110 dogs from spain (n=21), portugal (n=14) and israe ... | 2013 | 23017370 |
| dermacentor reticulatus, a putative vector of babesia cf. microti (syn. theileria annae) piroplasm. | babesia cf. microti (syn. theileria annae, babesia microti-like, babesia vulpes) is a recently recognized tick-borne piroplasm that infects domestic and wild carnivores. although ixodes hexagonus is considered as the leading candidate responsible for the transmission, its capacity to act as a competent vector has not yet been confirmed. this study reports the occurrence of b.cf. microti in unfed dermacentor reticulatus for the first time, suggesting that this tick species may be implicated in th ... | 2017 | 28116531 |
| molecular examinations of babesia microti in rodents and rodent-attached ticks from urban and sylvatic habitats in germany. | small mammals serve as reservoir hosts for tick-borne pathogens, especially for those which are not transmitted transovarially in ticks - such as babesia microti. molecular investigations on the prevalence of b. microti in wild small mammals and on attached ticks from differently structured areas may provide information on the circulation of b. microti in different ecological niches. in 2012 and 2013, 622 rodents (396 myodes glareolus, 178 apodemus flavicollis, 36 apodemus sylvaticus, 4 apodemus ... | 2015 | 25922232 |
| species of ticks and carried pathogens in owned dogs in spain: results of a one-year national survey. | this study presents the results of a national survey in spain on the distribution of ticks on owned dogs, their phenology and the associated pathogens over one year. in the study, 1628 adult ticks were collected on 660 dogs presented to 26 veterinary practices, of which 507 dogs (76.8%) carried at least one adult tick. the primary species of ticks were rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (53%), dermacentor reticulatus (9%), ixodes ricinus (9%), and i. hexagonus (4%). parasitism by two species of these ... | 2017 | 28188085 |