| the geographic distribution and ecological preferences of the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis (say), in the u.s.a. | equine piroplasmosis (ep), caused by two parasitic organisms, theileria equi and babesia caballi, is a tick-borne disease of recent concern in horses in the u.s.a. outbreaks of ep have been detected in florida, missouri, kansas and texas. in 2009, ep transmission in texas occurred through the adults of two tick species, amblyomma mixtum [formerly known as amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787)] koch (ixodida: ixodidae) and dermacentor variabilis (say) (ixodida: ixodidae), the american dog tick ( ... | 2015 | 25684582 |
| parasites of domestic and wild canids in the region of serra do cipó national park, brazil. | over recent decades, diseases have been shown to be important causes of extinctions among wild species. greater emphasis has been given to diseases transmitted by domestic animals, which have been increasing in numbers in natural areas, along with human populations. this study had the aim of investigating the presence of intestinal helminths in wild canids (maned wolf, chrysocyon brachyurus, and crab-eating fox, cerdocyon thous) in the serra do cipó national park (43-44º w and 19-20º s) and endo ... | 2012 | 23070438 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum). | amblyomma americanum is an abundant tick in the southeastern, midwestern, and northeastern united states. it is a vector of multiple diseases, but limited genomic resources are available for it. we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of a single female a. americanum collected in georgia using the illumina platform. the consensus sequence was 14,709 bp long, and the mean coverage across the assembly was >12,000×. all expected tick genomic features were present, including two "tick-box" mo ... | 2015 | 26189992 |
| occurrence of pathogenic fungi to amblyomma cajennense in a rural area of central brazil and their activities against vectors of rocky mountain spotted fever. | two isolates of beauveria bassiana and one of purpureocillium lilacinum (=paecilomyces lilacinus) were found infecting amblyomma cajennense engorged females collected on horses (0.15% infection rate from a total of 1982 specimens) and another two isolates of p. lilacinum and one metarhizium anisopliae detected in soils (2.1% from 144 samples) collected in typical pasture habitats of this tick in central brazil from october 2009 to march 2011. fungi were isolated from soils with rhipicephalus san ... | 2012 | 22459109 |
| distribution of ixodid ticks on dogs in nuevo león, mexico, and their association with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | this study aimed to document the geographic distribution of ixodes tick species in dogs and the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in adult ticks and blood samples by amplification of the ospa region of the b. burgdorferi genome. the study area included nine localities in nuevo león state. dna amplification was performed on pools of ticks to calculate the maximum likelihood estimation (mle), and the community composition (prevalence, abundance, and intensity of infestation) was recorded. a ... | 2013 | 23749032 |
| primary embryonic cells of rhipicephalus microplus and amblyomma cajennense ticks as a substrate for the development of borrelia burgdorferi (strain g39/40). | borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme borreliosis, is a spirochetes transmitted by ticks to humans and animals. its cultivation in vitro in tick cells allows studies of its biology and provides methodology for future research in brazil, and for the isolation of borrelia spp. we examined in vitro the characteristics of embryonic cells of rhipicephalus microplus and amblyomma cajennense in cell culture and investigated the suitability of embryonic cells as a substrate for cultivation of b. burgd ... | 2012 | 22990829 |
| free-living ixodid ticks in an urban atlantic forest fragment, state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | as a consequence of the importance of ticks in forests in protected areas, was conducted survey of species of free-living ticks in the natural park municipal curió, state of rio de janeiro, brazil. monthly samples were taken by dragging method, dry ice traps and visual search in two transects. adults and nymphs of amblyomma cajennense (n= 147), amblyomma brasiliense (n= 4) and amblyomma parvum (n= 1) were collected. this is the first occurrence of a. parvum in the state. no correlation was found ... | 2014 | 25054511 |
| rickettsia detected in the reptile tick bothriocroton hydrosauri from the lizard tiliqua rugosa in south australia. | rickettsiosis is a potentially fatal tick borne disease. it is caused by the obligate intracellular bacteria rickettsia, which is transferred to humans through salivary excretions of ticks during the biting process. globally, the incidence of tick-borne diseases is increasing; as such, there is a need for a greater understanding of tick-host interactions to create more informed risk management strategies. flinders island spotted fever rickettsioses has been identified throughout australia (tasma ... | 2016 | 27338482 |
| molecular identification of anaplasma marginale in two autochthonous south american wild species revealed an identical new genotype and its phylogenetic relationship with those of bovines. | anaplasma marginale is a well-known cattle pathogen of tropical and subtropical world regions. even though, this obligate intracellular bacterium has been reported in other host species different than bovine, it has never been documented in myrmecophaga tridactyla (giant anteater) or hippocamelus antisense (taruca), which are two native endangered species. | 2016 | 27229471 |
| amblyomin-x induces er stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and caspase activation in human melanoma and pancreatic tumor cell. | during the last two decades, new insights into proteasome function and its role in several human diseases made it a potential therapeutic target. in this context, amblyomin-x is a kunitz-type fxa inhibitor similar to endogenous tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi) and is a novel proteasome inhibitor. herein, we have demonstrated amblyomin-x cytotoxicity to different tumor cells lines such as pancreatic (panc1, aspc1bxpc3) and melanoma (sk-mel-5 and sk-mel-28). of note, amblyomin-x was not cyto ... | 2016 | 27015684 |
| frequency and distribution of rickettsiae, borreliae, and ehrlichiae detected in human-parasitizing ticks, texas, usa. | to describe the presence and distribution of tickborne bacteria and their vectors in texas, usa, we screened ticks collected from humans during 2008-2014 for rickettsia, borrelia, and ehrlichia spp. thirteen tick species were identified, and 23% of ticks carried bacterial dna from at least 1 of the 3 genera tested. | 0 | 26811941 |
| tick repellents and acaricides of botanical origin: a green roadmap to control tick-borne diseases? | arthropods are dangerous vectors of agents of deadly diseases, which may hit as epidemics or pandemics in the increasing world population of humans and animals. among them, ticks transmit more pathogen species than any other group of blood-feeding arthropods worldwide. thus, the effective and eco-friendly control of tick vectors in a constantly changing environment is a crucial challenge. a number of novel routes have been attempted to prevent and control tick-borne diseases, including the devel ... | 2016 | 27146901 |
| molecular detection of theileria spp. in livestock on five caribbean islands. | theileria spp. are tick-transmitted, intracellular apicomplexan protozoan parasites infecting a wide range of animals. as there is very limited information on the prevalence of theileria spp. in the caribbean we used the recently described genus-specific pan-theileria fret-qpcr to identify infected animals in the region and a standard 18s rrna gene pcr and sequencing to determine the species involved. we found theileria spp. in 9% of the convenience samples of animals (n = 752) studied from five ... | 2015 | 26783522 |
| molecular methods routinely used to detect coxiella burnetii in ticks cross-react with coxiella-like bacteria. | q fever is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by coxiella burnetii. ticks may act as vectors, and many epidemiological studies aim to assess c. burnetii prevalence in ticks. because ticks may also be infected with coxiella-like bacteria, screening tools that differentiate between c. burnetii and coxiella-like bacteria are essential. | 2015 | 26609691 |
| brazilian spotted fever: the importance of dermatological signs for early diagnosis. | brazilian spotted fever is an acute febrile infectious disease caused by rickettsia rickettsii, transmitted by tick bite. as this disease is rare and has high mortality rates in brazil, the clinical aspects and epidemiological data may help the diagnosis. we report a case of brazilian spotted fever in a 19-year-old patient who presented maculopapular exanthema in the palmar region and upper limbs, lymphadenopathy, fever, chills, headache, conjunctival hyperemia, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, myalgi ... | 0 | 25830998 |
| rickettsia rickettsii in amblyomma patinoi ticks, colombia. | | 0 | 25695155 |
| diversity of piroplasms detected in blood-fed and questing ticks from several states in the united states. | piroplasms in the genera babesia, theileria, and cytauxzoon are tick-borne parasites that may be animal and human pathogens. most piroplasms with known life cycles are transmitted by ixodid ticks; however, for many species, the vector is unknown. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and diversity of piroplasms in ticks from several us states. piroplasm-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were used to test 1631 ticks from georgia (n=486), kentucky (n=103), pennsylvania ... | 2014 | 24709338 |
| a serological and molecular survey of babesia vogeli, ehrlichia canis and rickettsia spp. among dogs in the state of maranhão, northeastern brazil. | this study evaluated exposure and infection by tick-borne agents (babesia vogeli, ehrlichia canis and rickettsia spp.) in 172 dogs in rural areas and 150 dogs in urban areas of the municipality of chapadinha, state of maranhão, northeastern brazil, using molecular and serological methods. overall, 16.1% of the sampled dogs (52/322) were seroreactive to b. vogeli, with endpoint titers ranging from 40 to 640. for e. canis, 14.6% of the dogs (47/322) were seroreactive, with endpoint titers from 80 ... | 2015 | 25909250 |
| investigation of tick vectors of hepatozoon canis in brazil. | hepatozoon canis is a common apicomplexan parasite of dogs. in brazil, in addition to rhipicephalus sanguineus, amblyomma ovale, amblyomma cajennense, and rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus have been suggested to act as vectors. the present study aimed to evaluate, under controlled conditions, the acquisition of h. canis by a. ovale, r. sanguineus, and a. cajennense after feeding on naturally infected dogs. cytological and histophatological examinations were performed to recover oocysts and oth ... | 2013 | 24209494 |
| acaricidal properties of vetiver essential oil from chrysopogon zizanioides (poaceae) against the tick species amblyomma cajennense and rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | ticks are arthropods widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, which can transmit infectious agents also responsible for zoonoses. excessive use of conventional acaricides has resulted in the onset of drug resistance by these parasites, thus the need to use alternative methods for their control. this study evaluated the acaricidal activities of chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) essential oils containing different zizanoic and khuzimol (high and low acidity) acid concentrations on a ... | 2015 | 26359641 |
| rickettsial infections in ticks from reptiles, birds and humans in honduras. | ticks were collected from captive reptiles, wild birds, and incidentally from humans at two locations in honduras and part of these were tested for the presence of rickettsia using polymerase chain reaction. the following species of ticks were found: amblyomma dissimile on iguanidae reptiles, amblyomma longirostre and amblyomma nodosum on birds, and amblyomma mixtum (amblyomma cajennense complex) on humans. a. dissimile was infected with rickettsia sp. strain colombianensi. both a. longirostre a ... | 2015 | 26159797 |
| urbanization of brazilian spotted fever in a municipality of the southeastern region: epidemiology and spatial distribution. | brazilian spotted fever is an emerging zoonosis notified mainly in the southeast of brazil, especially due to its high level of lethality. | 2016 | 26083504 |
| post-transcriptional control of amblyomin-x on secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. | angiogenesis is a pivotal process of homeostasis and tissue repair, but it also favours neovascularisation syndromes and cancer nutrition. the chemical mediation of angiogenesis is complex, involving a balance between serine proteases and their inhibitors. we addressed the mechanisms of action of a kunitz serine protease inhibitor (kpi) on spontaneous angiogenesis, using amblyomin-x, a kpi designed from the cdna library of the amblyomma cajennense tick. amblyomin-x treatment (10-1000 ng/10 μl; e ... | 2015 | 25912945 |
| divergent environmental preferences and areas of sympatry of tick species in the amblyomma cajennense complex (ixodidae). | four species of neotropical ticks, amblyomma mixtum, amblyomma cajennense, amblyomma tonelliae and amblyomma sculptum (formerly included in the catch-all name a. cajennense), have an allopatric distribution in much of their range, with areas of parapatry for at least two of them. we inferred the abiotic niches of these organisms using coefficients of a harmonic regression of the temperature and the normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi, reflecting plant stress) from remotely sensed data f ... | 2014 | 25236961 |
| impact of humidity on clustered tick eggs. | eclosion of larvae from clustered tick eggs (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, and ±1,000 eggs) of rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs), rhipicephalus microplus (rm), amblyomma cajennense (ac), and dermacentor nitens (dn) was investigated at 43, 75, and > 98% relative humidity (rh) and 25 °c. susceptibility of eggs to dehydration varied among tick species (rs < rm < ac and dn) and the number of clustered eggs but even singularized eggs of all tested species matured, and larvae eclosed at rh > 98%. a minimum of ... | 2014 | 25199556 |
| genetic characterization of cacipacoré virus from ticks collected in são paulo state, brazil. | cacipacoré virus (cpcv) is a potential emerging virus classified in the genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae. in the present study, we present the genetic characterization of a cpcv isolated from ticks (amblyomma cajennense) collected from a sick capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in são paulo state, brazil. the cpcv isolate shares the typical genomic organization of flaviviruses with 10,857 nucleotides in length and a single open reading frame of 10,284 nucleotides encoding a polyprotein of ... | 2017 | 28220327 |
| seroprevalence of rickettsia spp. in equids and molecular detection of 'candidatus rickettsia amblyommii' in amblyomma cajennense sensu lato ticks from the pantanal region of mato grosso, brazil. | the aim of the study was to evaluate exposure of equids to rickettsial agents (rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia parkeri, 'candidatus rickettsia amblyommii', rickettsia rhipicephali, and rickettsia bellii) and rickettsial infection in ticks of a pantanal region of brazil. sera of 547 equids (500 horses and 47 donkeys) were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence assay. in total, 665 adults and 106 nymphal pools of amblyomma cajennense f. sensu lato, 10 dermacentor nitens neumann ticks, and 88 l ... | 2014 | 26309313 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia bellii and rickettsia sp. strain colombianensi in ticks from cordoba, colombia. | the purpose of this study was to provide molecular evidence of rickettsia spp. in ticks collected from 2 sites of cordoba. from may to june 2009, 1069 amblyomma cajennense ticks were removed from 40 capybaras (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in a rural locality of monteria. furthermore, 458 amblyomma sp. larvae and 20 amblyomma sp. nymphs were collected in a rural locality of los cordobas (cordoba) by drag sampling on vegetation (n=1547). ticks were grouped into pools and tested for rickettsial infec ... | 2014 | 24378078 |
| environmental infestation and rickettsial infection in ticks in an area endemic for brazilian spotted fever. | brazilian spotted fever (bsf), caused by rickettsia rickettsii, is endemic in the municipality of americana, southeastern brazil, where the disease is transmitted by the tick amblyomma cajennense. this study evaluated the tick fauna and rickettsial infection in free-living ticks that were captured monthly using dry ice traps in areas endemic for bsf in americana, from july 2009 to june 2010. two tick species were captured: a. cajennense (6,122 larvae; 4,265 nymphs; 2,355 adults) and amblyomma du ... | 2013 | 24142167 |
| rickettsia infection in amblyomma tonelliae, a tick species from the amblyomma cajennense complex. | the present study was performed to evaluate the rickettsia infection in amblyomma tonelliae ticks from argentina. all ticks were subjected to dna extraction and tested by a battery of pcrs to amplify fragments of four rickettsial genes, 23s-5s, glta, ompa and htra. two ticks were positive. the rickettsia detected in one tick represents a new lineage which is named rickettsia sp. strain el tunal. this new strain belongs to the canadensis group because it is closely related to rickettsia monteiroi ... | 2015 | 25544308 |
| rickettsial infection in ticks from wild birds from cerrado and the pantanal region of mato grosso, midwestern brazil. | the involvement of different species of ticks and wild animals, such as birds, play an important role in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases. birds may serve as reservoirs for some tick-borne diseases, and may carry and spread hematophagous ectoparasites mechanically. this study aimed to show the diversity of ticks on birds and molecular detection of rickettsial infection in ticks from pantanal and cerrado, two similar brazilian biomes characterized by hydrological seasons. during two years, ... | 2015 | 26232933 |
| rickettsial infection in animals, humans and ticks in paulicéia, brazil. | a previous study in paulicéia municipality, south-eastern brazil, reported 9.7% of the amblyomma triste ticks to be infected by rickettsia parkeri, a bacterial pathogen that causes spotted fever in humans. these a. triste ticks were shown to be associated with marsh areas, where the marsh deer blastocerus dichotomus is a primary host for this tick species. during 2008-2009, blood serum samples were collected from 140 horses, 41 dogs, 5 opossums (didelphis albiventris) and 26 humans in farms from ... | 2015 | 25643912 |
| environmentally associated ticks (acari: ixodidae) in campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil. | herein, we report tick species found on wild and domestic animals and in the environment during a one-year sampling period at the brazilian farming research company beef cattle unit (embrapa beef cattle), which is located within the urban area of campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil. from 55 wild hosts including six different species (nasua nasua, cebus spp., cerdocyon thous, myrmecophaga tridactyla, tamandua tetradactyla and dasyprocta aguti), 323 ticks were collected. amblyomma ovale ticks ... | 2013 | 24252958 |
| carbohydrate digestion in ticks and a digestive α-l-fucosidase. | digestive carbohydrases are present in many species of hematophagous arthropoda, including ticks. in this work, amblyomma cajennense (ixodidae) midgut digestive carbohydrases were tracked with different substrates, resulting in the identification of a chitinase and an n-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and the first description of a digestive α-l-fucosidase in ticks. α-l-fucosidases are involved in various physiological processes, and digestive α-l-fucosidases have been shown to be present in other type ... | 2013 | 23994295 |
| investigation of activity of monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids against immature stages of amblyomma cajennense and rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae). | the objective of this study was to assess the acaricidal activity of carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, and (e)-cinnamaldehyde on unengorged larvae and nymphs of amblyomma cajennense and rhipicephalus sanguineus, using the modified larval packet test. carvacrol, eugenol, and (e)-cinnamaldehyde were tested at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 μl/ml, while thymol was tested at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 mg/ml, in all cases with 10 repetitions per treatment. for the a. ... | 2013 | 23842886 |
| amblyomma cajennense (acari: ixodidae) tick populations susceptible or resistant to acaricides in the mexican tropics. | the objectives of the present study were: (i) to identify the frequency of cattle farms with a cohabitation of amblyomma cajennense and rhipicephalus microplus, (ii) to determine the status of susceptibility or resistance to acaricides used in veracruz, mexico, on a. cajennense populations and (iii) to identify factors associated with a. cajennense resistant to acaricides. fifty farms were visited to determine the presence of ticks (a. cajennense and r. microplus) and to collect engorged a. caje ... | 2013 | 23827041 |
| ticks and rickettsial infection in the wildlife of two regions of the brazilian amazon. | during 2009-2012, wild animals and their ticks were sampled in two areas within the amazon biome of brazil, in the states of mato grosso and pará. animal tissues, blood, and ticks were molecularly tested for rickettsia and coxiella dna. a total of 182 wild animals were sampled, comprising 28 mammalian, five avian, and three reptilian species. animal tissues or blood were all negative for rickettsia or coxiella dna. a total of 454 ticks (22 larvae, 226 nymphs, 127 males, 79 females) were collecte ... | 2015 | 25273064 |
| ixodid fauna and zoonotic agents in ticks from dogs: first report of rickettsia rickettsii in rhipicephalus sanguineus in the state of mato grosso do sul, mid-western brazil. | ticks from 148 dogs from the urban area of the municipality of campo grande, state of mato grosso do sul, brazil, were collected, classified and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the identification of rickettsia spp., trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania spp. a total of 2015 ticks were collected. the species rhipicephalus sanguineus (98.9 %) and amblyomma cajennense (1.1 %) were identified. molecular analysis revealed that no tick samples were infected by t. cruzi. regarding leishma ... | 2013 | 23229491 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rrna genes of ticks reveals a deep phylogenetic structure within the genus haemaphysalis and further elucidates the polyphyly of the genus amblyomma with respect to amblyomma sphenodonti and amblyomma elaphense. | we sequenced the entire mitochondrial genomes of 3 species of metastriate ticks: haemaphysalis formosensis, h. parva, and amblyomma cajennense. we also sequenced two thirds (ca. 9500bp) of the mitochondrial genomes of h. humerosa and h. hystricis. we used these 5 mitochondrial genome sequences together with the 13 tick mitochondrial genomes we sequenced previously and the 2 tick mitochondrial genomes sequenced by black and roehrdanz (1998), as well as the nuclear rrna genes from 84 ticks and mit ... | 2013 | 23602360 |
| ticks on birds in a savanna (cerrado) reserve on the outskirts of uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil. | we report tick infestations on birds, in the environment and on domestic animals in a non-forested phytophysiognomy, the savanna-like cerrado sensu stricto, in a natural reserve on the outskirts of the urban area of uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil. overall, 238 birds within 50 species, 15 families and six orders were caught. passeriformes were the most numerous, with 216 birds (90.75%), among which 22 had ticks (n = 31). within this order, the prevalence of tick infestation was 10.2%, and the a ... | 2013 | 23471429 |
| chemical identification of tagetes minuta linnaeus (asteraceae) essential oil and its acaricidal effect on ticks. | the control of tick species that affect animal production is vital for the economic welfare of the cattle industry. this study focused on testing the acaricidal activity of the essential oil from the leaves and stems of tagetes minuta against several brazilian tick species, including rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, amblyomma cajennense and argas miniatus. the chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by chromatography and spectroscopy analyses, which ... | 2013 | 23295821 |
| [detection of rickettsia in ectoparasites of wild and domestic mammals from the cerro chucanti private reserve and from neighboring towns, panamá, 2007-2010]. | ectoparasites are the main vectors of rickettsiosis. in panama, however, limited data are available concerning the arthropod species that serve as vectors or reservoirs. | 2012 | 23242292 |
| occurrence of ectoparasites on dogs in rural regions of the state of minas gerais, brazil. | the present study examined occurrences of ectoparasites and identified them on dogs in rural regions in brazil, and assessed the influence of climate on these parasites. ectoparasites were randomly collected from 194 dogs living on farms located in lavras (n = 92) and nanuque (n = 102) during the dry season. during the subsequent rainy season, the same dogs in lavras (n = 71) and nanuque (n = 66) were resampled. during the experiment, fleas, ticks, lice and fly larvae were collected. the flea sp ... | 2012 | 23070433 |
| features of brazilian spotted fever in two different endemic areas in brazil. | brazilian spotted fever (bsf) caused by rickettsia rickettsii is the most important rickettsiosis and the only reportable tick-borne disease in brazil. in brazil, the hard tick amblyomma cajennense is the most important bsf vector; however, in são paulo state, a. aureolatum was also recognized as a vector species in remaining atlantic forest areas near the metropolitan area of são paulo city. we analyzed clinical and epidemiological features of bsf cases from two distinct areas where a. cajennen ... | 2012 | 23168052 |
| multiplex qpcr assay for identification and differentiation of amblyomma americanum, amblyomma cajennense, and amblyomma maculatum (ixodida: ixodidae) tick species in the eastern united states. | many ticks of the genus amblyomma are vectors of human pathogens, and the correct species identification is medically and epidemiologically important. morphological identification is time-consuming and requires a high level of expertise. identification of engorged, immature, or damaged ticks and the differentiation of closely related species remain problematic. here, we report the development of a real-time taqman assay for the genomic identification and differentiation of amblyomma americanum ( ... | 2014 | 25118411 |
| dynamics of cell and tissue genesis in the male reproductive system of ticks (acari: ixodidae) amblyomma cajennense [corrected] (fabricius, 1787) and amblyomma aureolatum (pallas, 1772): a comparative analysis. | ticks are classified into three families: argasidae, ixodidae, and nutalliellidae. the taxonomy and phylogeny within ixodidae are still discussed by the specialists, thus requiring further studies. amblyomma cajennese and amblyomma aureolatum (brazil) belong to two species complexes known as "cajennese" and "ovale", respectively, and are directly related to the transmission of the brazilian spotted fever. this confirms the medical and veterinary significance of these species, as well as the need ... | 2014 | 24553976 |
| rickettsial infections in ticks from wild birds in paraguay. | ticks were collected from wild birds at 3 locations in paraguay during the south american winter in august and september 2012. in total, 480 birds belonging to 106 species were examined. overall, 31 (6.5%) birds representing 21 species were found parasitized by ticks which were identified as amblyomma calcaratum neumann (2 larvae, 20 nymphs), amblyomma longirostre (koch) (17 larvae, 3 nymphs), amblyomma parvum aragão (7 nymphs), amblyomma aureolatum (pallas) (1 nymph), amblyomma ovale koch (1 ny ... | 2014 | 24231270 |
| actions of the kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor amblyomin-x on vegf-a-induced angiogenesis. | amblyomin-x is a kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor (kunitz-type spi) designed from the cdna library of the amblyomma cajennense tick, which displays in vivo anti-tumor activities. here, the mechanisms of actions of amblyomin-x in vascular endothelial growth factor a (vegf-a)-induced angiogenesis were characterized. topical application of amblyomin-x (10 or 100 ng/10 μl; each 48 h) inhibited vegf-a-induced (10 ng/10 μl; each 48 h) angiogenesis in the dorsal subcutaneous tissue in male swiss m ... | 2012 | 22575283 |
| ticks (ixodida) on humans from central panama, panama (2010-2011). | from january 2010 to december 2011, a total of 138 cases of ticks feeding on humans were reported from 11 locations in central panama. five of these locations were situated in forest environments, three in rural landscapes and three in urban areas. the ticks were submitted to the gorgas memorial institute, where nine species were identified among 65 specimens: amblyomma cajennense s.l., a. dissimile, a. naponense, a. oblongoguttatum, a. ovale, a. sabanerae, a. tapirellum, haemaphysalis juxtakoch ... | 2012 | 22544074 |
| toxicity of solvents and surfactants to amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787) (acari: ixodidae) and dermacentor nitens (neumann, 1897) (acari: ixodidae) larvae. | the objective of this work was to verify the sensitivity of amblyomma cajennense and dermacentor nitens larvae to the solvents ethanol, methanol, acetone, xylol and dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) and the surfactant tween 80. the first four solvents were tested at analytical purity while the dmso and surfactant tween 80 were tested at a concentration of 1%. the substances tested at analytical purity that caused high mortality were also tested at concentrations of 50%, 25% and 1%. the larval packet tes ... | 2012 | 22459626 |
| efficacy of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 against hyalomma dromedarii and amblyomma cajennense tick infestations in camels and cattle. | the recombinant bm86-based tick vaccines have shown their efficacy for the control of cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and r. annulatus infestations. however, cattle ticks often co-exist with multi-host ticks such as hyalomma and amblyomma species, thus requiring the control of multiple tick infestations for cattle and other hosts. vaccination trials using a r. microplus recombinant bm86-based vaccine were conducted in cattle and camels against hyalomma dromedarii and in cattle ... | 2012 | 22446633 |
| capybaras and ticks in the urban areas of uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil: ecological aspects for the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases. | in brazil capybara, the biggest existing rodent species, and associated tick species, amblyomma cajennense and amblyomma dubitatum, are undergoing an unplanned host and parasite population expansion in both urban and rural areas. however, scientific information about such issue, particularly in urban areas, is scanty. such rodent and ticks are associated in some municipalities, particularly in southeastern brazil, with the transmission of the highly lethal rickettsia rickettsia caused spotted-fe ... | 2012 | 22349945 |
| pro-apoptotic effects of amblyomin-x in murine renal cell carcinoma "in vitro". | renal cell carcinoma (rcc) is one of the most lethal urologic cancers and is highly resistant to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. the recombinant protein amblyomin-x, characterized as a kunitz-type protease inhibitor, was obtained from a cdna library from the salivary glands of the amblyomma cajennense tick. this paper reports the biological effect of amblyomin-x on inducing cell death by apoptotic process in vitro. for this purpose, the changes in morphological aspects of cells, the phosphat ... | 2012 | 22281290 |
| susceptibility of the cayenne tick to acaricides. | | 1981 | 7320319 |
| amblyomma sculptum: genetic diversity and rickettsias in the brazilian cerrado biome. | amblyomma sculptum (ixodida: ixodidae) berlese, 1888 is the most important tick vector in brazil, transmitting the bioagent of the most severe form of spotted fever (sf) in part of the cerrado (in the states of minas gerais and são paulo). in another part of the cerrado (central-west region of brazil), a milder form of sf has been recorded. however, neither the rickettsia nor the vector involved have been characterized. the aim of the current study was to analyse genetic variation and the presen ... | 2017 | 28752684 |
| rickettsia amblyommatis infecting ticks and exposure of domestic dogs to rickettsia spp. in an amazon-cerrado transition region of northeastern brazil. | this study was performed in maranhão state, a transition area two brazilian biomes, amazon and cerrado. during 2011-2013, 1,560 domestic dogs were sampled for collection of serum blood samples and ticks in eight counties (3 within the amazon and 5 within the cerrado). a total of 959 ticks were collected on 150 dogs (9.6%). rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) was the most abundant tick (68% of all collected specimens), followed by amblyomma cajennense sensu lato (s.l.) (12.9%), amblyomma p ... | 2017 | 28594882 |
| ambush behavior of the tick amblyomma sculptum (amblyomma cajennense complex) (acari: ixodidae) in the brazilian pantanal. | we herein describe the ambush behavior of amblyomma sculptum (berlese 1888), a widespread and epidemiologically important tick in brazil. along two years of sampling by visual search in the brazilian pantanal, a. sculptum ticks were observed on the vegetation and in the leaf litter. most of the ticks were observed between 10 and 50cm above ground level and less than five percent of the total were positioned below 10cm, indicating that they are seeking for middle or large-sized hosts. in both sea ... | 2017 | 28259592 |
| potential action of extract of acmella oleracea (l.) r.k. jansen to control amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787) (acari: ixodidae) ticks. | the use of synthetic acaricides is currently the main method to control ticks. however, the indiscriminate use of these chemicals can lead to the selection of resistant individuals and in the accumulation of chemical residues in the environment, contaminating the soil and water streams, consequently affecting the flora, fauna, and the human beings as well. in this sense, the objective of this study was to investigate the acaricidal effect of crude ethanolic extract of acmella oleracea (l.) r.k. ... | 2017 | 27707616 |
| isolation of rickettsia amblyommatis in huvec line. | rickettsia amblyommatis, formerly named rickettsia amblyommii and 'candidatus rickettsia amblyommii' is an intracellular bacterium belonging to the spotted fever group rickettsia. it is highly prevalent in amblyomma americanum and in other amblyomma spp. throughout the western hemisphere. r. amblyommatis has been cultivated in chicken fibroblast, primary embryonated chicken eggs, vero cells and arthropod-derived cells. because of the affinity of rickettsiae to invade vascular endothelial cells, ... | 2018 | 29321939 |
| molecular detection and identification of rickettsia species in ticks (acari: ixodidae) collected from belize, central america. | little is known about tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in belize, central america. we tested ixodid ticks for the presence of rickettsia species in three of the six northern and western belizean districts. ticks were collected from domestic animals and tick drags over vegetation in 23 different villages in november 2014, february 2015, and may 2015. a total of 2,506 collected ticks were identified to the following species: dermacentor nitens neumann (46.69%), rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) ... | 2017 | 28981693 |
| relative transcription of autophagy-related genes in amblyomma sculptum and rhipicephalus microplus ticks. | ticks endure stressful off-host periods and perform as vectors of a diversity of infectious agents, thus engaging pathways that expectedly demand for autophagy. little is known of ticks' autophagy, a conserved eukaryotic machinery assisting in homeostasis processes that also participates in tissue-dependent metabolic functions. here, the autophagy-related atg4 (autophagin-1), atg6 (beclin-1) and atg8 (lc3) mrnas from the human diseases vector amblyomma sculptum and the cattle-tick rhipicephalus ... | 2017 | 29181673 |
| sequencing and comparative analysis of the amblyomma sculptum mitogenome. | the mitogenome of amblyomma sculptum was sequenced, providing important information for understanding the evolutionary relationships among species of the a. cajennense complex. the mitochondrial genome has a circular structure with 37 genes, including 13 coding dna sequences, two ribosomal rna genes (12s rrna and 16s rrna) and 22 trna genes. comparative analysis with the mitogenomes of six reference species of the genus amblyomma revealed that the nd5 gene, which is related to energy metabolism, ... | 2017 | 29080758 |
| promising pharmacological profile of a kunitz-type inhibitor in murine renal cell carcinoma model. | renal cell carcinoma (rcc), also called kidney cancer or renal adenocarcinoma, is highly resistant to current treatments. it has been previously reported that a kunitz-type inhibitor domain-containing protein, isolated from the salivary glands of the amblyomma cajennense tick, triggers apoptosis in murine renal adenocarcinoma cells (renca) by inhibiting the proteasome and endoplasmic reticulum stress. of note, amblyomin-x is the corresponding recombinant protein identified in the cdna library fr ... | 2016 | 27566592 |
| amblyomin-x having a kunitz-type homologous domain, is a noncompetitive inhibitor of fxa and induces anticoagulation in vitro and in vivo. | cancer has long been associated with thrombosis and many of the standard chemotherapeutics used to treat cancer are pro-thrombotic. thus, the identification of novel selective anticancer drugs that also have antithrombotic properties is of enormous significance. amblyomin-x is an anticancer protein derived from the salivary glands of the amblyomma cajennense tick. | 2016 | 27479486 |
| rickettsial infection in ticks (acari: ixodidae) of wild animals in midwestern brazil. | ticks collected in the last two decades from free-living and captive wild animals from 28 municipalities of the brazilian state of mato grosso were identified and tested using molecular methods for the presence of rickettsial agents. a total of 4467 ticks (229 larvae, 1676 nymphs, 1565 males, 997 females) representing 27 ixodid species were collected from 235 species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals from three different ecoregions (pantanal, cerrado, and amazonia). the species amblyom ... | 2016 | 26775021 |
| specific role of cytoplasmic dynein in the mechanism of action of an antitumor molecule, amblyomin-x. | the kunitz-type recombinant protein, amblyomin-x, is an antitumor recombinant molecule from a cdna library prepared from the salivary glands of the tick amblyomma cajennense. the primary target of this protein appears to be the proteasome. amblyomin-x increased gene and protein expression of distinct subunits of the molecular motor dynein, which plays a key role in the intracellular transport. herein, amblyomin-x was specifically taken up by tumor cells through lipid-raft endocytic pathways, but ... | 2016 | 26748183 |
| feral pigs as hosts for amblyomma sculptum (acari: ixodidae) populations in the pantanal, mato grosso do sul, brazil. | the pantanal in brazil is the largest floodplain of the world. this ecosystem, rich in wildlife, has a large feral pig population. such a large host biomass must have a strong influence on the parasite fauna. in this work, we evaluated the role of feral pigs in the maintenance of amblyomma sculptum (formerly amblyomma cajennense), the most prevalent tick species in the pantanal. tick infestations were evaluated on 243 feral pigs and their environment. the suitability of domestic pigs, representi ... | 2014 | 25037743 |
| reestablishment of amblyomma tenellum koch, 1844 (acari: ixodidae). | herein, amblyomma tenellumkoch, 1844 (ixodidae) is reestablished as a valid tick name and removed from the synonymy list of amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787), while amblyomma imitatorkohls, 1958, is relegated to a junior synonym of a. tenellum. amblyomma tenellum is redescribed based on the examination of male type specimens collected by deppe at the beginning of the 19th century in mexico and described by koch in 1844. | 2014 | 25017501 |
| ticks on humans in the pantanal wetlands, brazil. | information on ticks biting humans in brazil is very restricted. in fact, many times when human tick-borne diseases are diagnosed, the involved vector tick is not identified, although this may be clinically helpful. pantanal is one of the world's largest floodplains, has an exuberant wildlife, and is place of extensive cattle ranching, ecotourism, and fishing. we herein report tick species found on humans in a 13-month survey in a region with both cattle and wildlife handling in the brazilian pa ... | 2014 | 24861806 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) on swifts (apodiformes: apodidae) in minas gerais, southeastern brazil. | brazil harbors five species of cypseloidinae swifts. those from streptoprocne and cypseloides genera have a very distinct ecology. they shelter at night and build nests in moist cliffs by waterfalls. information about tick infestation of these birds is virtually non-existent and restricted to the description of a new species, ixodes paranaensis, in streptoprocne biscutata in paraná state and another record of this species in streptoprocne zonaris in minas gerais state. we herein report tick infe ... | 2014 | 24696361 |
| reassessment of the taxonomic status of amblyomma cajennense () with the description of three new species, amblyomma tonelliae n. sp., amblyomma interandinum n. sp. and amblyomma patinoi n. sp., and reinstatement of amblyomma mixtum, and amblyomma sculptum (ixodida: ixodidae). | a reassessment of the taxonomic status of amblyomma cajennense based on the morphological analyses of ticks from the whole distribution area of the species resulted in the redescription of a. cajennense, the validation of 2 species which had been reduced to synonymy in the past, amblyomma mixtum and amblyomma sculptum, and the description and definition of 3 new species, amblyomma tonelliae n. sp., amblyomma interandinum n. sp., and amblyomma patinoi n. sp. this study provides descriptions and r ... | 2014 | 24556273 |
| acaricidal activity of essential oil from lippia sidoides on unengorged larvae and nymphs of rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) and amblyomma cajennense (acari: ixodidae). | the aims of this work were to identify the compounds and to investigate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil of lippia sidoides for unengorged larvae and nymphs of rhipicephalus sanguineus and amblyomma cajennense. the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. in total, 22 compounds comprising 98.5% of the total peak area were identified. the major constituent of the essential oil was thymol (69.9%). the acaricidal activity against larvae and nymphs ... | 2014 | 24333789 |
| structural findings and molecular modeling approach of a tfpi-like inhibitor. | specific blood coagulation inhibitors from hematophagous organisms, with different structures and novel mechanism of action, have been described and they represent promising agents for the treatment of a variety of human diseases related to coagulation and cancer. in our lab, the salivary glands transcriptome of the adult amblyomma cajennense tick was previously characterized by expressed sequence tags (est). a transcript that codes for a tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi)-like protein with ... | 2014 | 24330085 |
| a survey of ectoparasites infesting urban and rural dogs of maranhão state, brazil. | this study evaluated for the first time, ectoparasite infestations on dogs from urban and rural areas of the continental land of the state of maranhão, northeastern brazil. in total, 622 dogs were examined for ectoparasite infestations. overall, 392 (63.0%) were infested with ectoparasites, 154 (51.3%) of 300 urban dogs and 238 (73.9%) of 322 rural dogs. five species of ectoparasites were found, three ticks [rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille), amblyomma ovale koch, and amblyomma cajennense (f. ... | 2013 | 23802466 |
| amblyomma cajennense infestation on horses in two microregions of the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | the objective of this study was to evaluate factors associated with infestation by amblyomma cajennense on horses in two microregions of the state of rio de janeiro. horses on 62 farms in the municipalities of the itaguaí and serrana microregions were evaluated between january and may 2009. the animals were examined to determine the presence of ticks and infestation level. the animals' rearing and management were assessed on each farm property using an epidemiological questionnaire. out of the 6 ... | 2013 | 23778827 |
| ticks on birds caught on the campus of the federal rural university of rio de janeiro, brazil. | the prevalence of parasitic infections, particularly those caused by ectoparasites, may influence the biology and ecology of wild birds. the aim of this study was to investigate occurrences and identify the species of ticks collected from wild birds caught on the campus of the federal rural university of rio de janeiro. the birds were caught using mist nets between october 2009 and december 2010. in total, 223 birds were caught, represented by 53 species and 19 families in nine orders. nineteen ... | 2012 | 23070429 |
| electrophysiological responses of the olfactory receptors of the tick amblyomma cajennense (acari: ixodidae) to host-related and tick pheromone-related synthetic compounds. | in the present study, host-related and tick pheromone-related chemical compounds were tested by means of the tip-recording technique in order to obtain electrophysiological responses in olfactory sensilla of non-fed amblyomma cajennense ticks. the following chemicals were tested on the multiporose sensilla di.1, located anterior to haller's organ, and the sensillum dii.1, in the anterior pit of this organ: isobutyric acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, trans-2-heptenal, heptanal, benzaldehyde, sal ... | 2012 | 22925715 |
| comparative efficiency of two models of co2 traps in the collection of free-living stages of ixodides. | traps using carbon dioxide (co(2)) as a chemical attractant are known to be effective when capturing nymphs and adults of some free-living tick species such as amblyomma cajennense and amblyomma parvum. despite the fact that the main source of co(2) is dry ice, the chemical trap which uses 20 % lactic acid (c(3)h(6)o(3)) and calcium carbonate (caco(3)) has been tested as an alternative source of co(2) whenever it is difficult to obtain dry ice. the objective of this paper was to test and compare ... | 2012 | 22915273 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) associated with small terrestrial mammals in the state of minas gerais, southeastern brazil. | from june 2005 to november 2010, 43 small mammals encompassing 6 species of didelphimorphia, 8 species of rodentia, and 1 species of lagomorpha were found parasitized by ticks in the state of minas gerais, southeastern brazil. nine tick species, in total 186 specimens, were identified as follows: amblyomma cajennense (larvae and nymphs) on opossums and rodents; amblyomma ovale (nymphs) on rodents; amblyomma parvum (nymphs) on rodents; amblyomma coelebs (nymphs) on opossums; amblyomma dubitatum ( ... | 2012 | 22585005 |
| analysis of amblyomma sculptum haplotypes in an area endemic for brazilian spotted fever. | amblyomma sculptum (ixodida: ixodidae) berlese, 1888, a member of the amblyomma cajennense complex, is the major vector of brazilian spotted fever (bsf) in southeastern brazil. in this study, the genetic diversity of a. sculptum populations in the state of rio de janeiro (rj), brazil, was investigated because genetic variability in tick populations may be related to vector competence. samples of a. sculptum from 19 municipalities in 7 regions of rj were subjected to dna extraction, amplification ... | 2016 | 27120044 |
| inhibition of the classical pathway of the complement system by saliva of amblyomma cajennense (acari: ixodidae). | inhibition of the complement system during and after haematophagy is of utmost importance for tick success in feeding and tick development. the role of such inhibition is to minimise damage to the intestinal epithelium as well as avoiding inflammation and opsonisation of salivary molecules at the bite site. despite its importance, the salivary anti-complement activity has been characterised only in species belonging to the ixodes ricinus complex which saliva is able to inhibit the alternative an ... | 2016 | 26948715 |
| amblyomma sculptum tick saliva: α-gal identification, antibody response and possible association with red meat allergy in brazil. | the anaphylaxis response is frequently associated with food allergies, representing a significant public health hazard. recently, exposure to tick bites and production of specific ige against α-galactosyl (α-gal)-containing epitopes has been correlated to red meat allergy. however, this association and the source of terminal, non-reducing α-gal-containing epitopes have not previously been established in brazil. here, we employed the α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout mouse (α1,3-galt-ko) model ... | 2016 | 26812026 |
| tick salivary gland as potential natural source for the discovery of promising antitumor drug candidates. | nowadays, the relationship between cancer blood coagulation is well established. regarding biodiversity and bioprospection, the tick biology has become quite attractive natural source for coagulation inhibitors, since its saliva has a very rich variety of bioactive molecules. for instance, a kunitz-type fxa inhibitor, named amblyomin-x, was found through transcriptome of the salivary gland of the amblyomma cajennense. tick. this tfpi-like inhibitor, after obtained as recombinant protein, has pre ... | 2016 | 26796259 |
| molecular evidence of different rickettsia species in villeta, colombia. | the aim of this work was to detect and identify rickettsia species in ticks collected in rural areas of villeta, colombia. tick specimens were collected from domestic animals and walls of houses in five rural villages of villeta town and from humans in naranjal village (same town). moreover, a flea collected from the same area was also processed. dna was extracted and tested by conventional, semi-nested, and nested pcr reactions targeting rickettsial genes. in the ticks collected from humans fro ... | 2016 | 26789730 |
| efficacy of sarolaner (simparic™) against induced infestations of amblyomma cajennense on dogs. | amblyomma cajennense is the main vector of rickettsia rickettsii which causes brazilian spotted fever. this adult tick preferably infests horses and capybaras, but has low host specificity during its immature stages, thus posing a threat to humans and dogs. in this study, the efficacy of sarolaner (simparic™/simparica®, zoetis) when administered once orally to dogs at 2 mg/kg was evaluated against induced infestations of a. cajennense nymphs for up to 35 days after treatment. | 2017 | 28814323 |
| in vitro repellency of deet and β-citronellol against the ticks rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and amblyomma sculptum. | rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and amblyomma sculptum can parasite humans and domestic animals and are vectors of pathogens, including zoonoses. repellents are an important tool of tick control. this study aimed to compare the efficacy of n,n-diethyl- 3-methylbenzamide (deet), a standard repellent, versus β-citronellol in a petri dish bioassay. a semicircle of filter paper (31.8cm(2)) was treated with 87μl of one of four concentrations (0.200, 0.100, 0.050 and 0.025mg/cm(2)) of β-citronello ... | 0 | 28495195 |
| toxic action of acmella oleracea extract on the male reproductive system of amblyomma cajennense ticks. | the present study evaluated through morphohistological and histochemical techniques the effects of different concentrations of crude ethanolic extract of a. oleracea (eeao) (jambu) on the male reproductive system of amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto (s.s.) ticks. the toxicity of this natural chemical was stablished, signalizing the promising potential of the compound as a strategy to control ectoparasites in the near future. for the experiment, 100 males fed on host rabbits with homogeneous wei ... | 2017 | 28917309 |
| life cycle of amblyomma mixtum (acari: ixodidae) parasitizing different hosts under laboratory conditions. | amblyomma mixtum is a tick species in the amblyomma cajennense complex. the known geographic range of a. mixtum extends from texas in the usa to western ecuador and some islands in the caribbean. amblyomma mixtum is a vector of disease agents of veterinary and public health importance. the objective of this study was to describe the life cycle of a. mixtum under laboratory conditions. bovines, rabbits and sheep were infested with larvae, nymphs, and adult ticks under controlled conditions to ass ... | 2017 | 28889342 |
| amblyomma ticks and future climate: range contraction due to climate warming. | ticks of the amblyomma cajennense species complex are important vectors of spotted fever in latin america. environmental conditions determine the geographic distribution of ticks, such that climate change could influence the distribution of tick-borne diseases. this study aimed to analyze the potential geographic distribution of a. cajennense complex ticks in a brazil region under present-day and future climate models, assuming dispersal limitations and non-evolutionary adaptation of these tick ... | 2017 | 28865899 |