| vaccine development. real and imagined dangers. | | 1991 | 1992338 |
| peptide-induced antiviral protection by cytotoxic t cells. | a specific antiviral cytotoxic immune response in vivo could be induced by the subcutaneous injection of the t-cell epitope of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) nucleoprotein as an unmodified free synthetic peptide (arg-pro-gln-ala-ser-gly-val-tyr-met-gly-asn-leu-thr-ala-gln) emulsified in incomplete freund's adjuvant. this immunization rendered mice into a lcmv-specific protective state as shown by the inhibition of lcmv replication in spleens of such mice. the protection level of t ... | 1991 | 1992491 |
| persistent infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus enhances expression of mhc class i glycoprotein on cultured mouse brain endothelial cells. | brain endothelial cells (ec) represent a major component of the blood/brain barrier, which activated ctl cross to enter the central nervous system. several viruses also penetrate the central nervous system through the blood stream via the brain ec. the studies reported here focus on understanding the principles and consequences of interactions among viruses, lymphocytes, and ec in the brain. as shown persistent but not acute infection by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus enhances the expression ... | 1991 | 2033264 |
| molecular basis of organ-specific selection of viral variants during chronic infection. | viral variants of different phenotypes are present in the central nervous system (cns) and lymphoid tissues of carrier mice infected at birth with the armstrong strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. the cns isolates are similar to the parental virus and cause acute infections in adult mice, whereas the lymphoid isolates cause chronic infections associated with suppressed t-cell responses. in this study, we provide a molecular basis for this organ-specific selection and identify a single ... | 1991 | 2072451 |
| binding of monoclonal antibodies and t cell effector function in vivo. | the capacity of adoptively transferred cd8+ effector t cells to induce meningitis in immunosuppressed, or unsuppressed, recipients infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) may be diminished by prior incubation of the lymphocytes with igm monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for cd8 or thy1.2. the same is true, though to a lesser extent, for the further proliferation of donor t cells in the spleens of the immunosuppressed mice. this inhibition of cell mediated immunity can be over ... | 1990 | 2107142 |
| ifn-gamma production in tissues of mice during acute infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | as shown by a single-cell solid-phase elisa, splenocytes as well as liver lymphoid cells from unmanipulated specific-pathogen free mice synthesized and released ifn-gamma. synthesis of this lymphokine could not be demonstrated either on the transcriptional level by northern blotting or immunocytochemically. thus, ifn-gamma is constitutively produced in mice, although in low quantities. during acute infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, ifn-gamma mrna became detectable in spleen and ... | 1990 | 2109012 |
| mechanism of killing by virus-induced cytotoxic t lymphocytes elicited in vivo. | the mechanism of lysis by in vivo-induced cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) was examined with virus-specific ctl from mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). lcmv-induced t cells were shown to have greater than 10 times the serine esterase activity of t cells from normal mice, and high levels of serine esterase were located in the lcmv-induced cd8+ cell population. serine esterase was also induced in purified t-cell preparations isolated from mice infected with other viruses (m ... | 1990 | 2115090 |
| treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha does not influence the immune pathological response against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha) in the immunopathological events induced by infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus (lcmv) was assessed by treatment of c57bl/6 mice with a sheep antibody to murine tnf alpha antiserum to strongly interfere with anti-listeria host defense. however, despite its effectiveness in listeria infections in vivo, antibody to tnf alpha used at 6 x 10(4) neutralizing units per day subcutaneously had no detectable influence on the kinetics ... | 1990 | 2129499 |
| infection of guinea pigs with two strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | in order to study the lesions produced by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) adult guinea-pigs were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1000 pfu of the we or the armstrong strain of lcmv. the animals were sacrificed at 3, 7, 10 and 14 days p.i. and samples were taken for hematological, histopathological and virological studies. in the guinea-pigs infected with the we strain there was destruction of the splenic red pulp with high titers of virus and different degrees of pneumonitis. the hema ... | 1990 | 2130208 |
| preferential usage of v alpha 4 and v beta 10 t cell receptor genes by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein-specific h-2db-restricted cytotoxic t cells. | correlations between the t cell receptor (tcr) v gene usage and the specificity of t cells have been primarily described for major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-restricted helper t cell responses. in the present study the tcr genes expressed by mhc class i-restricted murine cytotoxic t cells (ctl) specific for a major epitope of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), lcmv-gp2(275-289), were investigated. the tcr primary structure of an lcmv-gp2(275-289) specific h-2db-restric ... | 1990 | 2138558 |
| post-translational processing of the glycoproteins of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | intracellular events in the synthesis, glycosylation, and transport of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) glycoproteins have been examined. we have shown by n-glycanase digestion that lcmv strain arm-4 bears five oligosaccharides on gp-1 and two on gp-2. by pulse-chase labeling experiments in the presence of drugs which inhibit n-linked oligosaccharide addition and processing we demonstrate that addition of high mannose precursor oligosaccharides is necessary for transport and cleavag ... | 1990 | 2141203 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced immunodepression: inherent defect of b and t lymphocytes. | infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) produces a rapidly induced immuno-suppression manifested by low lymphocyte proliferation in response to lipopolysaccharide (lps) and concanavalin a (cona). analysis of the mechanisms underlying the unresponsiveness to these mitogens was undertaken at the cellular and molecular levels 7 days after infection. the selective elimination of cd8+ t cells and the results of coculture experiments demonstrated that unresponsiveness was not ... | 1990 | 2143539 |
| immunosuppression in mice by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection: time dependence during primary and absence of effects on secondary antibody responses. | the kinetic study of immunosuppression caused by infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus we (lcmv-we) was assessed in dba/2 (h-2d) and c57bl/6 (h-2b) mice. infection with lcmv caused suppression of the day 4 igm response (complete in dba/2 and incomplete in c57bl/6) and completely suppressed igg responses on days 9 and 42 to vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) injected 2-11 days after lcmv. suppression was partial when vsv was injected 16-28 days after lcmv-we infection. the obser ... | 1990 | 2170031 |
| viruses as therapeutic agents. ii. viral reassortants map prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus to the small rna of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | nonobese diabetic (nod) mice are the experimental prototype of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm). these mice develop a characteristic autoimmune lesion in the pancreatic islets of langerhans, where infiltrating lymphocytes destroy beta cells, resulting in hypoinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and death. this iddm, which closely resembles that in humans, is prevented by infecting nod mice with particular strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), including armst ... | 1990 | 2191074 |
| genetic basis of viral persistence: single amino acid change in the viral glycoprotein affects ability of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus to persist in adult mice. | this study has identified a single amino acid change in the viral glycoprotein that profoundly affects the ability of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) to persist in its natural host. adult immunocompetent mice infected with a variant of the armstrong strain, spleen isolate clone 13 (sva/sva), harbor virus for several months and exhibit suppressed t cell responses. in contrast, adult mice infected with a reassortant virus (sva/wta) that contains the l segment of the spleen variant and th ... | 1990 | 2212940 |
| perturbation of differentiated functions during viral infection in vivo. in vivo relationship of host genes and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus to growth hormone deficiency. | retarded growth and disordered glucose metabolism secondary to growth hormone (gh) deficiency are associated with persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infection of gh-producing cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. infected c3h/st mice, which are h-2k haplotype, become gh deficient, and lcmv replicates in most (more than 90%) of their gh-producing cells. in contrast, balb/wehi and swr/j mice, which are h-2d and h-2q, respectively, do not develop this gh deficiency, a ... | 1990 | 2221020 |
| the course of lcmv infection in gnotobiotic and conventional adult mice pretreated with attenuated ndv vaccine. | a single intraperitoneal treatment with two different doses of live newcastle disease virus (ndv) containing attenuated ndv vaccine one day before intracerebral inoculation with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) had no influence on the ratio and time of deaths after infection with a 100 ld50 dose of lcmv either in gnotobiotic or in conventional mice. there was no difference either in the ld50 values determined on the basis of three parallel lcmv titration performed on mice pretreated wit ... | 1990 | 2264455 |
| [the detection of a presumed fusion peptide comprising the surface glycoproteins of arenaviruses]. | | 1990 | 2267784 |
| detection of lassa virus rna in specimens from patients with lassa fever by using the polymerase chain reaction. | suitable oligonucleotide primers and probes were synthesized to amplify lassa virus (josiah strain)-specific nucleoprotein and glycoprotein gene fragments by using reverse transcription combined with the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). our primers did not amplify the related lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. by using pcr, about 50 50% tissue culture infective doses could be detected in the supernatant of infected cells. furthermore, in all five serum specimens and four of five urine specimens ... | 1990 | 2279999 |
| enhanced tumor susceptibility of immunocompetent mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | mice infected i.v. with high doses of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv; 10(5)-10(6) plaque-forming units) 8-10 days prior to challenge with the methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma tumor cell line mc57g or the melanoma cell line b16 tumor cells showed an enhanced tumor susceptibility with respect to both growth kinetics of the tumor and the minimal dose necessary for tumor take. after transient initial growth, mc57g tumor cells were all rejected by uninfected c57bl/6 mice by day 14. m ... | 1990 | 2289203 |
| thymic mhc class i gene regulation of susceptibility to lymphocytic choriomeningitis. | susceptibility of mice to intracerebral (i.c.) infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) depends on the lcmv isolate and host genes. we have previously shown that major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i genes regulate susceptibility to lethal disease due to infection with the lcmv-docile isolate derived from the lcmv-ubc strain. the dq allele conferred dominant susceptibility whereas other h-2d region alleles tested (dd, dk, db and ds) conferred resistance. susceptibility l ... | 1990 | 2293422 |
| systemic disease in peromyscus leucopus associated with borrelia burgdorferi infection. | sixteen wild peromyscus leucopus, trapped for the establishment of a breeding colony, developed signs of neurological damage (trembling, incoordination, circling, head tilt, and lameness of the rear legs) 2-47 days after capture in southern wisconsin. spirochetes were cultured from the brain of 5/11 mice, and borrelia burgdorferi was cultured from 1 brain. a spirochete was isolated from the bladder of 1 mouse. the spirochete was identified by fluorescent antibody staining with the monoclonal ant ... | 1990 | 2316794 |
| seromonitoring in small laboratory animal colonies. a five year survey: 1984-1988. | from 1984 to 1988 one thousand serologic investigations of laboratory animal colonies originating from 10 different european countries were performed. the most prevalent infections in mouse stocks were caused by mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), minute virus of mice (mvm), theiler's encephalomyelitis virus (temv), reovirus type 3 (reo3), sendaivirus, and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm). in mice no infections with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcm), polyomavirus, mouse adenovirus, and k-virus were ... | 1990 | 2321435 |
| cytotoxic t lymphocytes do not control lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection of bb diabetes-prone rats. | biobreeding worcester diabetes-prone (bbdp) rats develop insulin-dependent autoimmune-driven diabetes mellitus spontaneously and intravenous administration of 1 x 10(7) p.f.u. of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) to young adult mice prevents disease. the virus is lymphotropic, binding to and replicating in such cells. bbdp rats fail to generate virus-specific major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses when challenged with this dose or other doses o ... | 1990 | 2324708 |
| inhibition of diabetes in bb rats by virus infection. ii. effect of virus infection on the immune response to non-viral and viral antigens. | lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infection prevents the usual insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of aged bb rats (dyrberg, schwimmbeck & oldstone, 1988; schwimmbeck, dyrberg & oldstone, 1988). in this study earlier observations are extended by noting that lcmv infection substantially alters the immune responsesof bb diabetic-prone (dp) rats. the control, uninfected rats make vigorous primary and secondary antibody responses when challenged with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh), human i ... | 1990 | 2335372 |
| demonstration of the antiviral role of natural killer cells in vivo with a natural killer cell-specific monoclonal antibody (nk 1.1). | a monoclonal antibody (nk 1.1) to mouse natural killer (nk) cells selectively depleted nk cell activity in virus-infected mice without significantly depressing other immune functions, including the development of virus-specific cytotoxic t cells. nk cell depletion with this antibody resulted in markedly enhanced plaque-forming unit titers of some (murine cytomegalo, pichinde) but not other (mouse hepatitis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis) viruses. this confirms that nk cells do play a role in regu ... | 1990 | 2352539 |
| inability of interferon to protect virus-infected cells against lysis by natural killer (nk) cells correlates with nk cell-mediated antiviral effects in vivo. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) is a natural killer (nk) cell-sensitive virus, whereas lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) is an nk cell-resistant virus. selective depletion of nk cell activity by injection of mice with anti-asialo gm1 antibody enhanced synthesis of mcmv but not that of lcmv when mice were simultaneously infected with the two viruses. this suggests that the nk cell-mediated antiviral effects may depend on target cell susceptibility to nk cell-mediated lysis rather than the a ... | 1985 | 2413125 |
| perturbation of differentiated functions during viral infection in vivo. i. relationship of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and host strains to growth hormone deficiency. | disordered growth and glucose metabolism secondary to growth hormone deficiency is associated with persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infection. c3h/st, balb/wehi, and swr/j mice infected at birth with lcmv:arm carried virus in their blood and organs throughout life but only c3h/st mice developed growth hormone insufficiency. balb/wehi and swr/j infected mice contained normal amounts of growth hormone in their pituitaries and a relatively small proportion of the cells containin ... | 1985 | 2414901 |
| biology of cloned cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. vi. migration and activity in vivo in acute and persistent infection. | cloned cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) were adoptively transferred to syngeneic mice acutely or persistently (carrier mice) infected with lcmv. although infectious virus was cleared from the spleens during acute lcmv infection begun 24 hr earlier and the spleens remained clear of virus for the 4 days of testing, there was no concomitant reduction of viral titers in lymph nodes. in contrast, adoptive transfer of cloned ctl into animals with per ... | 1986 | 2416821 |
| induction of alloreactive cytotoxic t cells by acute virus infection of mice. | alloreactive cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) distinct from virus-specific ctl and activated natural killer (nk) cells were generated during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infection of c57bl/6j mice. the alloreactive ctl shared similar antigenic markers (thy-1.2+, lyt-2.2+, and asialo gm1-) with the virus-specific ctl that appeared at the same time 7 days postinfection, but had different target specificities. these alloreactive ctl lysed allogeneic but not syngeneic or xenogeneic t ... | 1986 | 2418107 |
| analysis of endogenous and exogenous antigens in the nervous system using whole animal sections. | we describe a method which uses protein blots of whole animal sections to map the distribution of exogenous and endogenous antigens to specific nuclei and tracts within the nervous system (ns). we propose this method as a new approach to analysis of the expression of ns gene products during development and to charting the course and molecular pathogenesis of infectious and immune disorders of the ns. | 1986 | 2420825 |
| molecular and topographic analysis of the glycoproteins of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | | 1986 | 2425233 |
| viral nucleoprotein can be demonstrated on the surface of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-infected cells. | | 1986 | 2425234 |
| genetic reassortants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: unexpected disease and mechanism of pathogenesis. | reassortant viruses of different strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis viruses cause lethal disease after inoculation into neonatal balb/c wehi mice, but, in contrast, parental strains or reciprocal reassortants do not cause lethal disease. the disease is characterized by inhibition of growth and death. the pathogenic mechanism is the induction of interferon combined with higher virus titers and subsequent liver necrosis. the generation of lethal reassortants from nonlethal parent viruses like ... | 1986 | 2426464 |
| proteins of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: antigenic topography of the viral glycoproteins. | topographical relationships among antigenic sites on the envelope glycoproteins of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) were established using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mab) directed against viral gp-1 and gp-2. purified mab were radioiodinated and used as probes in a solid phase competitive binding assay. epitopes on lcmv gp-1 were found to cluster in four antigenic sites. five neutralizing mab raised by immunization with the we strain of lcmv reacted with a single topographic site ... | 1986 | 2426862 |
| mapping arenavirus genes causing virulence. | | 1987 | 2435461 |
| state of viral genome and proteins during persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. | | 1987 | 2435462 |
| functional analysis of t lymphocyte subsets in antiviral host defense. | the role of different t cell subsets in antiviral host defense was investigated by treating thymectomized c57bl/6 and cba/j mice with monoclonal rat anti-lyt-2 or anti-l3/t4 igg 2b antibodies 14 and 10 days before infection. this treatment depleted the respective t cell subsets to undetectable levels in peripheral blood when assayed by immunofluorescence. in mice treated with anti-lyt-2, induction of cytotoxic t cells was reduced to less than 1 to 2% after intravenous infection with armstrong st ... | 1987 | 2435794 |
| mechanism of recovery from acute virus infection. iv. questionable role of mononuclear phagocytes in the clearance of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus from spleens of mice. | after intravenous infection of mice with 10(3) infectious units (iu) the we strain lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus multiplied in the spleens (as in all other major organs), reaching more than 10(8) iu/g of tissue on days 4 to 5. subsequently, the virus was quickly eliminated, being below detectability usually by day 10. during the time of virus clearance, the mononuclear phagocytes (mnp) of the spleen were activated as revealed by suppression of growth of listeria monocytogenes and incr ... | 1987 | 2435795 |
| monoclonal antibodies against viral determinants are not restricted to the k/d end of the major histocompatibility complex. | monoclonal antibodies against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), a natural, high-replicating, noncytolytic pathogen in mice, were obtained from fusions between myeloma cells and lymphoid cells of mice of different h-2 haplotypes at various times (4-24 d) after infection. supernatants from growing hybridomas were tested in a ria, and approximately 15% of all supernatants were positive when tested for specificity on infected vs. uninfected cells of different haplotypes. upon retesting for ... | 1987 | 2439638 |
| molecular definition of a major cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitope in the glycoprotein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | analyses with segmental reassortants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) rna have shown that cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) are induced by and recognize proteins encoded by the viral short segment, which specifies two virus structural proteins, glycoprotein (gp) and nucleoprotein (np). expression of cdna copies of these genes in vaccinia virus vectors demonstrates that c57bl/6 (h2bb) mice mount significant ctl responses to both gp and np. we have used lcmv-specific h2bb-restricted ctl cl ... | 1988 | 2448497 |
| fine mapping of a peptide sequence containing an antigenic site conserved among arenaviruses. | the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) structural glycoproteins gp-1 (mr 44k) and gp-2 (mr 35k) are encoded on a single intracellular proteolytic cleavage precursor glycoprotein, gp-c (mr 76k). we have used a series of synthetic peptides derived from the deduced amino acid sequence of lcmv gp-c to define an antigenic site containing two topographically overlapping epitopes. three mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against two epitopes on gp-2 were assayed for binding in solution phase b ... | 1988 | 2452517 |
| an acquired immune suppression in mice caused by infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | a murine model of virally induced acquired immunodeficiency was analyzed in mice. the effect of systemic infection with various isolates of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) on the capacity of mice to mount a t cell-independent igm and a t cell-dependent igg neutralizing antibody response against a subsequent infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) was analyzed. dba/2 mice infected with the lcmv-we isolate were impaired in their igm and igg responses to vsv. immune suppression wa ... | 1988 | 2452742 |
| fine dissection of a nine amino acid glycoprotein epitope, a major determinant recognized by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific class i-restricted h-2db cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | we define a nine-amino acid (aa) sequence of val-glu-asn-pro-gly-gly-tyr-cys-leu as a major epitope for immunologic recognition of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) by h-2b-restricted ctl. the epitope was characterized using molecular genetics to bracket broadly and chemistry to precisely identify aa residues 278-286 of the viral glycoprotein. the epitope's composition is characteristic of a reverse (beta turn) but not an amphipathic alpha helix. a series of peptides with a single aa sub ... | 1988 | 2457647 |
| antiviral effect of lymphokine-activated killer cells: characterization of effector cells mediating prophylaxis. | lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells generated by cultivation of c57bl/6 mouse spleen cells in the presence of recombinant interleukin-2 were transferred into natural killer (nk) cell-deficient suckling mouse recipients. these mice were then challenged with either murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) or lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcmv) and sacrificed 3 days later. no interleukin 2 infusions were given. mice receiving as few as 5 x 10(5) lak cells had several 100-fold decreases in spleen mcmv tite ... | 1988 | 2458485 |
| on the production of immunoglobulins in the central nervous system: an involvement of b cell stimulatory factor 2/interleukin 6 produced intrathecally? | | 1989 | 2467367 |
| polymorphism of cytotoxic t-lymphocyte clones that recognize a defined nine-amino-acid immunodominant domain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein. | to assess the heterogeneity of cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) directed against viral epitopes, we studied six class i major histocompatibility complex-restricted (h-2db) ctl clones that recognize the same 9-amino-acid immunodominant epitope, amino acids 278 to 286 from envelope glycoprotein 2 (gp2) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). using southern blot analysis of beta-chain rearrangements, we found that each clone has a unique restriction pattern, providing evidence of the independen ... | 1989 | 2467990 |
| anti-viral protection and prevention of lymphocytic choriomeningitis or of the local footpad swelling reaction in mice by immunization with vaccinia-recombinant virus expressing lcmv-we nucleoprotein or glycoprotein. | the viral antigen specificity of primary cytotoxic t cell responses (ctl) of h-2b, h-2k, h-2q, h-2s, h-2f and some h-2-recombinant mice against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv-we isolate) as well as the specificity of some ctl clones and t cell lines was defined on target cells infected with vaccinia-recombinant virus expressing nucleoprotein (np) or glycoprotein (gp). np was recognized together with h-2q (dq), h-2d (dld), h-2s and h-2b (db). gp specificity was restricted to h-2f and h- ... | 1989 | 2468501 |
| [the coagglutination reaction with arbo- and arenaviruses]. | | 1988 | 2470204 |
| antiviral t cell competence and restriction specificity of mixed allogeneic (p1 + p2----p1) irradiation chimeras. | mixed irradiation bone marrow chimeras were prepared by reconstituting lethally irradiated c57bl/10 (b10) or b10.d2 mice with t cell-depleted bone marrow cells of b10 plus b10.d2 origin. these chimeras were healthy and survived well under conventional housing conditions and after experimental laboratory infections. of a total of 17 chimeras tested, 2 died spontaneously or from the injected virus. twelve of fifteen chimeras mounted a measurable cytotoxic t cell response to virus. despite approxim ... | 1989 | 2470518 |
| t cell memory. long-term persistence of virus-specific cytotoxic t cells. | this study documents that virus-specific ctl can persist indefinitely in vivo. this was accomplished by transferring thy-1.1 t cells into thy-1.2 recipient mice to specifically identify the donor t cell population and to characterize its antigenic specificity and function by using a virus-specific ctl assay. thy-1.1+ t cells from mice previously immunized with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) were transferred into thy-1.2 mice persistently infected with lcmv. the transferred lcmv-specif ... | 1989 | 2471771 |
| in vivo expression of perforin by cd8+ lymphocytes during an acute viral infection. | ctl and nk cells cultured in vitro have been shown to contain a cytolytic pore-forming protein (pfp/perforin/cytolysin). to date, it has not been determined whether perforin is expressed by ctl that have been primed in vivo. here, we have infected mice with two strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), one of which mainly produces choriomeningitis and, the other, hepatitis. brain and liver cryostat sections obtained from lcmv-infected mice were stained for various lymphocyte markers, ... | 1989 | 2471775 |
| use of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase at high temperature for sequence analysis of highly structured rna. | avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase (amv rt) is routinely used in the sequence analysis of rna and dna templates. we review the various methods for dealing with secondary structures that would otherwise result in premature termination or sequence compression. based on our experience in sequencing the 11-kb single-stranded rna genome of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, we have found that raising the reaction temperature above 47 degrees c is the simplest way to overcome template s ... | 1989 | 2473018 |
| neutralizing epitopes of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus are conformational and require both glycosylation and disulfide bonds for expression. | lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (armstrong strain) bears two overlapping epitopes, gp-1a (a) and gp-1d (d), recognized by neutralizing antibodies on the major surface glycoprotein gp-1. both are discontinuous conformational epitopes that require prior formation of disulfide bridges and addition of n-linked oligosaccharides. using monoclonal antibodies specific for each of these epitopes, as well as for conformation-independent epitopes, we have investigated the requirements for biosynthesis a ... | 1989 | 2474891 |
| class i mhc can present an endogenous peptide to cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | since class i mhc glycoproteins may function by "screening and selecting" degraded proteins, we wished to determine whether very short peptides made within a cell were detected and bound by mhc, and presented for t cell perusal. we show that a 22 amino acid viral sequence containing a db-restricted nonameric ctl epitope is sufficient to direct ctl recognition/lysis of h2b target cells. the mechanism of epitope presentation is by the "natural" endogenous route, and appears to direct lysis as effe ... | 1989 | 2475568 |
| efficiency and effectiveness of cloned virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes in vivo. | the efficiency of cloned class i mhc restricted ctl specific for the nucleoprotein or glycoprotein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in either mediating virus clearance or immunopathologic disease in mice during acute infection was quantitated. cloned ctl specific for either an internal (nucleoprotein) or surface (glycoprotein) protein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, when administered intracerebrally 5 days after the initiation of infection induced fatal immunopathology, indicating th ... | 1989 | 2476492 |
| molecular analyses of a five-amino-acid cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) epitope: an immunodominant region which induces nonreciprocal ctl cross-reactivity. | the cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection determines the outcome of infection. here we show that this response in balb/c mice (h-2d), when analyzed both at the primary ctl level and using ctl clones, is predominantly monospecific. the vast majority of ctl have a common specificity for a single epitope in the virus nucleoprotein, which can be minimally identified by amino acids gvymg. this epitope is presented by the ld class i glycoprotein. we used ... | 1989 | 2476570 |
| molecularly engineered vaccine which expresses an immunodominant t-cell epitope induces cytotoxic t lymphocytes that confer protection from lethal virus infection. | identification of a single viral t-cell epitope, associated with greater than 95% of the virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) activity in balb/c (h-2d) mice (j. l. whitton, a. tishon, h. lewicki, j. gebhard, t. cook, m. salvato, e. joly, and m. b. a. oldstone, j. virol. 63:4303-4310, 1989), permitted us to design a ctl vaccine and test its ability to protect against a lethal virus challenge. here we show that a single immunization with a recombinant vaccinia virus-lymphocytic choriomening ... | 1989 | 2476571 |
| major histocompatibility complex--dependent t cell epitopes of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein and their protective capacity against viral disease. | in mice the immune response to infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), a member of the arenavirus family, is mainly based on the activity of cytotoxic t cells. the immunogenic epitopes of the viral nucleoprotein recognized by cytotoxic t cells in various inbred strains of mice were defined. these epitopes were located in h-2d and h-2q mice in the amino-terminal region and in h-2b mice in the carboxy-terminal region of the nucleoprotein. a detailed analysis with synthetic peptid ... | 1989 | 2477254 |
| enumeration of single ifn-gamma-producing cells in mice during viral and bacterial infection. | a solid phase immunoenzymatic technique was employed for detecting single ifn-gamma-producing cells (ifn-gamma pc) in the mouse. after infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or listeria monocytogenes, the numbers of ifn-gamma pc in spleens began to rise on day 4, attained maxima on days 7 and 8, and declined thereafter. negative selection in vitro by use of mab and c allowed phenotypic identification of the producer cells; most, if not all, carried thy-1, and approximately one half ex ... | 1989 | 2492578 |
| the combination of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) and non-mhc genes influences murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus pathogenesis. | resistance to the acute lethal disease caused by the docile strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus varies widely between different mouse strains. in order to study the inheritance of host influence on susceptibility to this strain of lcm virus, we crossed the f1 to the parent with the recessive disease phenotype. in all cases, susceptibility was dominant. in backcross progeny obtained from matings of parental strains differing in both major histocompatibility complex (mhc) and non-mh ... | 1989 | 2499033 |
| mechanism of recovery from acute virus infection. viii. treatment of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-infected mice with anti-interferon-gamma monoclonal antibody blocks generation of virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes and virus elimination. | in acutely infected mice the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus multiplies to high titers in essentially all tissues. around day 6, virus clearance sets in, which has previously been shown to be mediated by cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl), probably by releasing (or inducing other cells to release) anti-viral cytokines. to ascertain whether interferon-gamma plays a role, infected mice were injected once i.v. with monoclonal antibody known to neutralize this lymphokine, and the effect thi ... | 1989 | 2503388 |
| the completed sequence of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus reveals a unique rna structure and a gene for a zinc finger protein. | the arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) has a single-stranded rna genome composed of a large (l) and a small (s) rna segment. the completed sequence of lcmv, presented here, reveals a formerly unknown gene (z) on the l genomic segment. this gene is encoded in the positive or message-sense of the viral genomic rna, whereas the adjacent gene (l) is in the genome-complementary, or negative sense. the ambisense polarity of the genes on the l rna reiterates the polarity of genes on ... | 1989 | 2510401 |
| cytotoxic t lymphocyte control of acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection: interferon gamma, but not tumour necrosis factor alpha, displays antiviral activity in vivo. | virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) mediate their antiviral activity either by direct lysis of infected cells, or by the release of soluble lymphokines, or by a combination of the two. we have examined the role played by interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor (tnf alpha) in virus clearance. in vitro the amount of ifn-gamma synthesized by some lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific h-2-restricted ctl clones was quantitatively too small to correlate with a direct ant ... | 1989 | 2514255 |
| high efficiency immunoaffinity purification of anti-peptide antibodies on thiopropyl sepharose immunoadsorbants. | antibodies to peptides are routinely made by immunizing animals with peptide linked to a carrier protein such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh) or bovine serum albumin (bsa) via a disulfide bond. the majority of such a polyclonal antibody response is directed against the carrier protein. the presence of such background antibodies often complicates efforts to characterize the desired anti-peptide antibody; hence it is desirable to isolate the specific fraction of immunoglobulin reactive against ... | 1989 | 2520762 |
| impaired generation of anti-viral cytotoxicity against lymphocytic choriomeningitis and vaccinia virus in mice treated with cd4-specific monoclonal antibody. | the role of cd4+ helper t cells in induction of anti-viral cytotoxic t-cell response was investigated by treating normal and thymectomized c57b1/6 mice with cd4-specific monoclonal antibodies (moab). in cd4-specific moab-treated mice infected with vaccinia or lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), cytotoxic t-cell activity was 5-15 times lower than in normal controls when measured in a 51cr release assay and computed as lytic units 6 and 8 days respectively after virus inoculation. this diff ... | 1989 | 2532394 |
| comparison of isolation in cell culture with conventional and modified mouse antibody production tests for detection of murine viruses. | the sensitivity of the mouse antibody production test with intraperitoneal or intrasplenic inoculation of mice with reovirus type 3, minute virus of mice, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, or mouse hepatitis virus was compared with that of direct isolation in cultured cells. the mouse antibody production test for detection of mouse hepatitis virus was significantly more sensitive than virus isolation in permissive cells, but differences in sensitivity were less marked for the other three virus ... | 1989 | 2536388 |
| dissecting the molecular anatomy of the nervous system: analysis of rna and protein expression in whole body sections of laboratory animals. | nucleic acid hybridization and protein blotting procedures have allowed the specific detection of both rna and protein gene products in whole body sections of a selected host. these procedures permit efficient and reproducible screening of both endogenous and exogenous (viral) gene products, thus facilitating the study of normal differentiation, the localization of virus and the monitoring of viral diseases. although success with rna hybridization has thus far been limited to exogenous viral gen ... | 1986 | 2428441 |
| virus-induced polyclonal cytotoxic t lymphocyte stimulation. | infections with a variety of viruses (lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcmv), murine cytomegalovirus, pichinde virus, vaccinia virus) stimulated c57bl/6 mice to generate allospecific ctl coincidental with the generation of virus-specific ctl. in c57bl/6 (h-2b) mice, lcmv-induced ctl with reactivity against cells from mice bearing gene products of the d, f, k, p, q, and s but not the b mhc loci. studies with congenic mouse strains indicated that the mhc loci coded for the target of the allospecific ... | 1989 | 2537363 |
| enhanced virus replication and inhibition of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus disease in anti-gamma interferon-treated mice. | the role of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) induced during a viral infection in the ability of the host to acquire antiviral immunity was studied in mice. they were injected subcutaneously daily with an ammonium sulfate-precipitated sheep anti-ifn-gamma antibody preparation able to neutralize 10(4) u of ifn-gamma. specificity of the anti-ifn-gamma antiserum was demonstrated by absence of detectable activity against natural ifn-alpha and -beta. controls were treated with a similarly prepared normal ... | 1989 | 2542591 |
| on the cellular source and function of interleukin 6 produced in the central nervous system in viral diseases. | interleukin 6 (il6) was found to be produced in the central nervous system (cns) of icr+/+ mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) or with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). when infecting athymic icr nu/nu mice which cannot develop t cell-mediated meningitis after lcmv infection, no significant synthesis of il6 was detected in the cns. il6 was found, however, to be produced intrathecally in icr nu/nu mice infected with vsv, which causes a t cell-independent acute encephaliti ... | 1989 | 2543584 |
| effects of treatment with il-2 receptor specific monoclonal antibody in mice. inhibition of cytotoxic t cell responses but not of t help. | contribution of il-2r-bearing activated lymphocytes to antiviral host defense was investigated in c57bl/6 mice by treatment in vivo with il-2r-specific mab pc61. when treated on days 0 and 1 with respect to infection with either vaccinia virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus (lcmv) or vesicular stomatitis virus, 6-day immune mice had low numbers of cd8+ t cells that were reduced to about 10% of the values found for infected but otherwise untreated controls. in contrast, the number of c ... | 1989 | 2544648 |
| persistence of the irradiated host component in thymocyte populations from bone marrow radiation chimeras infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | the thymus of chimeras made using t cell-depleted donor bone marrow from thy1.1+ mice and 950 rad thy 1.2+ recipients is dominated initially by cells expressing the thy 1.2+ phenotype of the irradiated host. the thymocyte population recovered at 2 weeks after reconstitution comprises 80% thy 1.2+ cells (host), the remainder being thy 1.1+ (donor). this situation is normally reversed within a further week, with the host ty 1.2+ (donor). this situation is normally reversed within a further week, w ... | 1989 | 2562934 |
| virus-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction is sequentially mediated by cd8+ and cd4+ t lymphocytes. | after subcutaneous inoculation into the hind foot of a mouse, the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus multiplies locally, attaining 10(7)-10(8) mouse infectious units per g of tissue; elimination commences around day 7. about 1 day earlier, the foot begins to swell, which is regarded as a delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction. to answer the question of whether the local inflammatory response is involved in virus clearance, we needed to known what cells mediate both these phenomena. w ... | 1989 | 2566169 |
| viral alteration of cell function. | | 1989 | 2569234 |
| tolerance induction in double specific t-cell receptor transgenic mice varies with antigen. | the crucial role of the thymus in immunological tolerance has been demonstrated by establishing that t cells are positively selected to express a specificity for self major histocompatibility complex (mhc), and that those t cells bearing receptors potentially reactive to self antigen fragments, presumably presented by thymic mhc, are selected against. the precise mechanism by which tolerance is induced and the stage of t-cell development at which it occurs are not known. we have now studied t-ce ... | 1989 | 2573841 |
| mechanism of recovery from acute virus infection. ix. clearance of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus from the feet of mice undergoing lcm virus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. | as shown previously, after inoculation into the footpad of a mouse the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lmc) virus multiplies locally. beginning on day 6 or 7 after infection, the foot undergoes a delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction which consists of two distinct phases that are mediated by cd8+ cells and cd4+ cells, respectively, and at about the same time the virus is eliminated. in general, for terminating infection of the mouse with lcm virus the cd8+ cytotoxic/suppressive t lymphocyte ... | 1989 | 2575136 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mice. | | 1989 | 2575850 |
| interferon enhances the susceptibility of virus-infected fibroblasts to cytotoxic t cells. | interferon (ifn) pretreatment of low-passage mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mef) infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or vaccinia virus rendered these cells two to three times more susceptible to lysis by h-2 restricted, virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) than control, virus-infected mef. the increased sensitivity to lysis correlated with increased expression of surface h-2 antigens, but not viral antigens. continuous cell lines already highly sensitive to ctl-mediated lysis ... | 1985 | 2578543 |
| high-dose survival in the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection is accompanied by suppressed dth but unaffected t-cell cytotoxicity. | provided that intracerebral inoculation is applied, an increase in the virus dose from 10(2) to 10(4) ld50 of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) leads to strikingly reduced mortality. to analyse the background for this autointerference, we measured several virologic and immunologic variables in mice infected with these doses of virus. in the high-dose mice we found generally higher organ virus titres and serum interferon titres than in the low-dose mice. since we could demonstrate that vi ... | 1985 | 2578691 |
| [etiology of iddm]. | | 1989 | 2601056 |
| delayed type-hypersensitivity response of inbred strains of syrian golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) to lethal or non-lethal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infections. | in adult syrian golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus), intraperitoneal or footpad inoculation of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) strains, we or armstrong (arm), caused systemic infection and induced serum lcmv-antibody. hamster and virus strain-dependent lethal disease also occurred. with we, mha and pd4 inbred hamsters failed to eliminate infection and died of wasting disease. lsh and cb inbred hamsters resisted lethal we-disease and cleared infection. lvg hamsters and inbred lhc ... | 1989 | 2622328 |
| detection of perforin and granzyme a mrna in infiltrating cells during infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | the analysis of gene expression in cytotoxic t cells by in situ hybridization of serial liver and brain sections from mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) and immunostaining with t cell marker- and virus-specific antibodies revealed a close histological association of infiltrating lymphocytes expressing the perforin and granzyme a genes with virally infected cells. maximal frequency of perforin and granzyme a mrna-containing cells on liver sections preceded by about 2 day ... | 1989 | 2668013 |
| reactivity and tolerance of virus-specific t cells. | | 1989 | 2701218 |
| detection of virus-specific rna-dependent rna polymerase activity in extracts from cells infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: in vitro synthesis of full-length viral rna species. | we have developed an in vitro assay for the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) rna-dependent rna polymerase with ribonucleoprotein complexes extracted from acutely infected tissue culture cells. the rna products synthesized in vitro corresponded in size to the full-length genomic l and s rnas and subgenomic np and gp mrnas normally produced in vivo during acute lcmv infection. in a temporal analysis spanning the first 72 h of acute infection, the in vitro polymerase activity of ribonucleo ... | 1989 | 2704071 |
| the primary structure of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus l gene encodes a putative rna polymerase. | the complete rna sequence of the l protein gene of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) is presented. it is the first l protein sequence to be obtained for the arenaviridae, a family of single-stranded rna viruses which includes lassa fever virus, and the tacaribe complex viruses such as pichinde and the argentine and bolivian hemorrhagic fever viruses. it is the largest open reading frame on the l rna spanning 6633 nucleotides and coding for a 2210 amino acid protein with a calculated mole ... | 1989 | 2705303 |
| [lymphocytic choriomeningitis causing unilateral deafness]. | lymphocytic choriomeningitis is generally a benign disease passing off without complication. the authors describe a case where the disease appeared in the form of febrile infection and caused permanent unilateral deafness. in connection with this case the authors review briefly the clinical aspects, diagnostic difficulties of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection and wish to draw the attention to the possibility of a lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection in the background of parainfluenz ... | 1989 | 2710545 |
| tacaribe virus l gene encodes a protein of 2210 amino acid residues. | the nucleotide sequence of tacaribe virus (tv) l gene was obtained from two sets of overlapping cdna clones constructed by walking along the virus l rna using two successive synthetic dna primers. analysis of the sequence indicated the existence of a unique long open reading frame in the viral complementary strand. the first in-phase aug codon is in positions 31-33 from the 5' end of the viral complementary l rna surrounded by a sequence favorable for initiation of protein synthesis. the open re ... | 1989 | 2718387 |
| major histocompatibility complex-linked susceptibility or resistance to disease caused by a noncytopathic virus varies with the disease parameter evaluated. | the influence of major transplantation antigens on susceptibility to t cell-mediated disease caused by infection with the noncytopathic virus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) was evaluated in b10 h-2-congenic mice. susceptibility to early t cell-mediated liver cell destruction (day 7-9) and early mortality (before day 12) was h-2dq linked and correlated directly with early (day 6-8) and high cytotoxic t cell activity. in contrast, susceptibility to become an lcmv carrier, inability to r ... | 1989 | 2746160 |
| cloning, analysis, and expression of murine perforin 1 cdna, a component of cytolytic t-cell granules with homology to complement component c9. | the nucleotide sequence coding for the cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) protein perforin 1 (p1) has been determined and the corresponding protein sequence has been derived. murine ctl cdna libraries contained in the vector lambda gt11 were screened by using a monospecific antiserum to purified p1. three recombinant phages were isolated and their cdna inserts were sequenced. the derived protein sequence contains 554 amino acids and displays, as expected, considerable homology with certain functional ... | 1989 | 2783486 |
| the activation of il-2 transcription in l3t4+ and lyt-2+ lymphocytes during virus infection in vivo. | during infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), activation and proliferation of nk cells occurs early, followed by the activation and proliferation of ctl. to investigate the role of endogenously produced growth factors in mediating proliferation of these effector cell types, the transcription of il-2 during infection was studied. we report that il-2 is transcribed in vivo by mouse spleen cells during infection with lcmv. the time course of transcription corresponds to c ... | 1989 | 2783708 |
| mhc and non-mhc genes regulate elimination of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and antiviral cytotoxic t lymphocyte and delayed-type hypersensitivity mediating t lymphocyte activity in parallel. | the course of systemic infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was studied in mouse strains differing in the mhc or non-mhc background. virus clearance rates differed significantly between h-2 identical strains as well as between congenic strains differing in the h-2l subregion, indicating that both h-2 and non-h-2 genes may influence the elimination of this virus. differences in virus spread prior to appearance of the immune response could not explain the observed differences in clear ... | 1989 | 2783710 |
| expression of cytoplasmic granules with t cell-associated serine proteinase-1 activity in ly-2+(cd8+) t lymphocytes responding to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in vivo. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) with specificity for the t cell-associated serine proteinase-1 of the mouse (mtsp-1) were used to study expression and storage of this enzyme in t lymphocytes during lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus infection in vivo. immunohistochemical analysis of splenic tissue at the peak of lcm virus-specific t cell-mediated cytolytic responses, i.e., at day 7 post infection, revealed high numbers of mtsp-1+ t lymphocytes in the interfollicular t cell-dependent area of th ... | 1989 | 2784104 |
| in vivo treatment with an appropriate anti-thy-1.2 monoclonal antibody abrogates hybrid resistance to thy-1.1+ virus-immune effector t cells. | the hybrid resistance (hr) effect operates to limit the induction of t-cell-mediated inflammatory processes following transfer into recipients injected with murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). adoptively transferred thy-1.1+ h-2b (kbdb) lcm virus-immune t cells are inhibited in cyclophosphamide (cy)-suppressed, virus-infected mice that are heterozygous for h-2db (e.g. h-2k x b f1). injection of recipient animals with monoclonal antibody (mab) to thy-1.2 resulted in the elimination ... | 1989 | 2785489 |
| phenotypic and functional analysis of the cellular response in regional lymphoid tissue during an acute virus infection. | a phenotypic and functional analysis has been made of the cellular response in regional lymphoid tissue of c57bl/6j mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. massive recruitment of nondividing cells occurred from 3 days after infection, with total numbers of cd8+ t lymphocytes, b220+ b cells, and thy-1- b220- null cells being high from day 4 to day 6. in contrast, the peak counts for cd4+ t cells were recorded on day 4 and declined dramatically thereafter. enhanced expression of il- ... | 1989 | 2785558 |
| class i gene regulation of haplotype preference may influence antiviral immunity in vivo. | the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv)-specific tc response in (c3 x d2) f1 hybrids (k x d) is markedly biased in favor of the h-2d haplotype. adoptive transfer experiments established that this haplotype preference also applied to t cell function in vivo. using different mouse strain combinations we were unable to detect an influence of sex, non-h-2 background, maternal genotype, or route of priming on the preference pattern. in other haplotype combinations tested (k and b, b and d) no d ... | 1989 | 2788515 |
| consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation for effector t cell function in vivo. | the adoptive transfer of actuely primed and memory virus-immune cd8+ t cells causes enhanced meningitis in both cyclophosphamide (cy) suppressed, and unsuppressed, recipients infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). the severity of meningitis is assessed by counting cells in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) obtained from the cisterna magna, which allows measurement of significant inflammatory process ranging from 3 to more than 300 times the background number of cells found in mice inje ... | 1989 | 2789064 |
| transforming growth factor-beta inhibits the generation of cytotoxic t cells in virus-infected mice. | the immunoregulatory effects of human recombinant transforming growth factor (rtgf) beta 1 and human recombinant glioblastoma-derived t cell suppressor factor (rg-tsf)/tgf beta 2 was investigated in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) or vaccinia virus. starting on the day of infection, i.p. injections of 1 microgram/day or rtgf-beta 1 or rg-tsf/tgf-beta 2 suppressed the generation of virus specific ctl. the effect of tgf-beta on ctl (day 8) was less pronounced when tgf- ... | 1989 | 2809199 |
| effect of attenuated viral vaccines on suckling mice infected with lcmv. | a single intraperitoneal treatment with live newcastle disease virus (ndv) containing attenuated ndv vaccine, and with live infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) containing attenuated ibdv vaccine, one day before intracerebral infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) increased, whereas a similar treatment with inactivated ndv or ibdv vaccine did not influence the death rate of suckling mice from experimental lymphocytic choriomeningitis. thus the attenuated live vaccine stimulat ... | 1986 | 2820179 |
| possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of virus-induced diabetes mellitus. | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus results from destruction of pancreatic beta cells. viruses and autoimmunity have been implicated as possible causes of beta cell destruction in genetically predisposed individuals. the evidence for viruses comes largely from experiments in animals, but several studies in humans point to viruses as triggers in the pathogenesis of diabetes in some cases. in animal models, at least 4 different possible mechanisms for virus-induced diabetes have been proposed. the ... | 1987 | 2824113 |