| evaluation of alternatives to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides against thrips and tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut production. | thrips are important pests of peanut. they cause severe feeding injuries on peanut foliage in the early season. they also transmit tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), which causes spotted wilt disease. at-plant insecticides and cultivars that exhibit field resistance to tswv are often used to manage thrips and spotted wilt disease. historically, peanut growers used the broad-spectrum insecticides aldicarb (irac class 1a; temik) and phorate (irac class 1b; thimet) for managing thrips and thereby re ... | 2016 | 26637534 |
| development and utilization of indel markers to identify peanut (arachis hypogaea) disease resistance. | peanut diseases, such as leaf spot and spotted wilt caused by tomato spotted wilt virus, can significantly reduce yield and quality. application of marker assisted plant breeding requires the development and validation of different types of dna molecular markers. nearly 10,000 ssr-based molecular markers have been identified by various research groups around the world, but less than 14.5% showed polymorphism in peanut and only 6.4% have been mapped. low levels of polymorphism limit the applicati ... | 2015 | 26617627 |
| grafting on a non-transgenic tolerant tomato variety confers resistance to the infection of a sw5-breaking strain of tomato spotted wilt virus via rna silencing. | rna silencing controls endogenous gene expression and drives defensive reactions against invasive nucleic acids like viruses. in plants, it has been demonstrated that rna silencing can be transmitted through grafting between scions and silenced rootstocks to attenuate virus and viroid accumulation in the scions. this has been obtained mostly using transgenic plants, which may be a drawback in current agriculture. in the present study, we examined the dynamics of infection of a resistance-breakin ... | 2015 | 26496695 |
| diversity of thrips species and vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato production systems in kenya. | thrips have been recognized as primary vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) with frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) reported as the most important and efficient vector, while other species such as thrips tabaci lindeman also include populations that can vector the virus. a study was undertaken to establish the diversity of thrips and presence of vectors for tswv in four major tomato production areas in kenya. the cytochrome oxidase 1 (co1) gene was used to generate sequences from thrip ... | 2015 | 26470099 |
| evaluation and identification of candidate genes for artificial microrna-mediated resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is an economically important viral pathogen of a wide range of field and horticultural crops. we developed an artificial microrna (amirna) strategy against tswv, targeting the nucleoprotein (n) and silencing suppressor (nss) genes. the amirna constructs replaced the natural mirna in a shortened arabidopsis 173-nucleotide (nt) mir159a precursor backbone (athmir159a) without the stem base extending beyond the mir/mir* duplex. further, each amirna was modified to co ... | 2016 | 26454192 |
| comparison of small rna profiles in nicotiana benthamiana and solanum lycopersicum infected by polygonum ringspot tospovirus reveals host-specific responses to viral infection. | viral small rnas (vsrnas) are one of the key elements involved in rna silencing-based defense against viruses in plants. we analyzed the vsrna profiles in nicotiana benthamiana and solanum lycopersicum infected by polygonum ringspot virus (polrsv) (tospovirus, bunyaviridae). vsrnas were abundant in both hosts, but a different size profile was observed, with an abundance peak at 21 in n. benthamiana and at 22 nt in tomato. vsrnas mapping to the polrsv l genomic segment were under-represented in b ... | 2016 | 26432447 |
| effect of spinosad resistance on transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus by the western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae). | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted by frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) in a persistent-propagative manner. we previously observed significant results in terms of feeding behavior of spinosad-susceptible (ivf03) and -resistant (spin-r) strains of f. occidentalis using electrical penetration graph. tswv transmission by the two strains was compared in the present study. the results showed that the titer of tswv-n rna (a part of s rna of tswv and encoding the nucleocapsid protein) ... | 2016 | 26377766 |
| thrips transmission of tospoviruses. | one hundred years ago, the disease tomato spotted wilt was first described in australia. since that time, knowledge of this disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and transmitted by thrips (insects in the order thysanoptera) has revealed a complex relationship between the virus, vector, plant host, and environment. numerous tospoviruses and thrips vectors have been described, revealing diversity in plant host range and geographical distributions. advances in characterization of the t ... | 2015 | 26340723 |
| first complete genome sequence of a tomato spotted wilt virus isolate from the united states and its relationship to other tswv isolates of different geographic origin. | we report the first complete nucleotide sequence of a tomato spotted wilt virus (genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae) isolate from the united states. the tripartite genome of pa01 consisted of l, m and s rnas of 8914, 4765 and 2984 nt, respectively. similarity percentages in nucleotide and amino acid sequence among pa01 and previously characterized tswv isolates are provided here. phylogenetic analysis on the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) gene placed pa01 in a different clade from an iso ... | 2015 | 26329831 |
| the silencing suppressor (nss) protein of the plant virus tomato spotted wilt virus enhances heterologous protein expression and baculovirus pathogenicity in cells and lepidopteran insects. | in this work, we showed that cell death induced by a recombinant (vacnss) autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) expressing the silencing suppressor (nss) protein of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) was enhanced on permissive and semipermissive cell lines. the expression of a heterologous gene (firefly luciferase) during co-infection of insect cells with vacnss and a second recombinant baculovirus (vagppolhfluc) was shown to increase when compared to single vagppolhfluc in ... | 2015 | 26323262 |
| effects of thrips density, mode of inoculation, and plant age on tomato spotted wilt virus transmission in peanut plants. | spotted wilt caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv; family bunyaviridae; genus tospovirus) is a serious disease of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) in the southeastern united states. peanut genotypes with field resistance to tswv are effective in suppressing spotted wilt. all commercially available genotypes with field resistance to tswv were developed through conventional breeding. as a part of the breeding process, peanut genotypes are regularly screened under field situations. despite numerou ... | 2015 | 26308816 |
| stable reference gene selection for rt-qpcr analysis in nonviruliferous and viruliferous frankliniella occidentalis. | reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) is a reliable technique for measuring and evaluating gene expression during variable biological processes. to facilitate gene expression studies, normalization of genes of interest relative to stable reference genes is crucial. the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), the main vector of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), is a destructive invasive species. in this study, the exp ... | 2015 | 26244556 |
| small rna profiles of wild-type and silencing suppressor-deficient tomato spotted wilt virus infected nicotiana benthamiana. | tospoviruses are plant-infecting viruses belonging to the family bunyaviridae. we used a collection of wild-type, phylogenetically distinct tomato spotted wilt virus isolates and related silencing-suppressor defective mutants to study the effects on the small rna (srna) accumulation during infection of nicotiana benthamiana. our data showed that absence of a functional silencing suppressor determined a marked increase of the total amount of viral srnas (vsrnas), and specifically of the 21 nt cla ... | 2015 | 26047586 |
| complete sequence of three different biotypes of tomato spotted wilt virus (wild type, tomato sw-5 resistance-breaking and pepper tsw resistance-breaking) from spain. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) occurs worldwide and causes production losses in many important horticultural crops such as tomato and pepper. breeding resistant cultivars has been the most successful method so far for tswv disease control, but only two genes have been found to confer resistance against a wide spectrum of tswv isolates: sw-5 in tomato and tsw in pepper. however, tswv resistance-breaking isolates have emerged in different countries a few years after using resistant cultivars. in ... | 2015 | 26026956 |
| untranslatable tospoviral nss fragment coupled with l conserved region enhances transgenic resistance against the homologous virus and a serologically unrelated tospovirus. | tospoviruses cause severe damages to important crops worldwide. in this study, nicotiana benthamiana transgenic lines carrying individual untranslatable constructs comprised of the conserved region of the l gene (denoted as l), the 5' half of nss coding sequence (nss) or the antisense fragment of whole n coding sequence (n) of watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov), individually or in combination, were generated. a total of 15-17 transgenic n. benthamiana lines carrying individual transgenes wer ... | 2015 | 25721329 |
| structure and function analysis of nucleocapsid protein of tomato spotted wilt virus interacting with rna using homology modeling. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) plays key roles in assembling genomic rna into ribonucleoprotein (rnp), which serves as a template for both viral gene transcription and genome replication. however, little is known about the molecular mechanism of how tswv n interacts with genomic rna. in this study, we demonstrated that tswv n protein forms a range of higher ordered oligomers. analysis of the rna binding behavior of n protein revealed that no specific oligomer bi ... | 2015 | 25540203 |
| genetic dissection of novel qtls for resistance to leaf spots and tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | peanut is an important crop, economically and nutritiously, but high production cost is a serious challenge to peanut farmers as exemplified by chemical spray to control foliar diseases such as leaf spots and thrips, the vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). the objective of this research was to map the quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistance to leaf spots and tswv in one recombinant inbred line (ril) mapping population of "tifrunner × gt-c20" for identification of linked markers fo ... | 2017 | 28197153 |
| erratum to: complete sequence of three different biotypes of tomato spotted wilt virus (wild type, tomato sw-5 resistance-breaking and pepper tsw resistance-breaking) from spain. | | 2017 | 27981408 |
| thrips developmental stage-specific transcriptome response to tomato spotted wilt virus during the virus infection cycle in frankliniella occidentalis, the primary vector. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted by frankliniella occidentalis in a circulative-propagative manner. little is known about thrips vector response to tswv during the infection process from larval acquisition to adult inoculation of plants. whole-body transcriptome response to virus infection was determined for first-instar larval, pre-pupal and adult thrips using rna-seq. tswv responsive genes were identified using preliminary sequence of a draft genome of f. occidentalis as a refer ... | 2017 | 27835811 |
| supervised learning and prediction of spatial epidemics. | parameter estimation for mechanistic models of infectious disease can be computationally intensive. nsoesie et al. (2011) introduced an approach for inference on infectious disease data based on the idea of supervised learning. their method involves simulating epidemics from various infectious disease models, and using classifiers built from the epidemic curve data to predict which model were most likely to have generated observed epidemic curves. they showed that the classification approach cou ... | 2014 | 25457597 |
| evidence of a tomato spotted wilt virus resistance-breaking strain originated through natural reassortment between two evolutionary-distinct isolates. | a tsw resistance-breaking tomato spotted wilt virus field isolate (tswv-p331) found in northern italy originated via reassortment from two evolutionary distinct tswv strains, as revealed by recombination and phylogenetic analysis. compared to the closest isolate present in the database, p331 nss protein carries an unusually high number of amino acid substitutions, but no differences in the nucleocapsid protein. despite these substitutions, p331 nss is a potent silencing suppressor. as shown by p ... | 2015 | 25433286 |
| small rna profiles from virus-infected fresh market vegetables. | functional small rnas, such as short interfering rnas (sirnas) and micrornas (mirnas), exist in freshly consumed fruits and vegetables. these sirnas can be derived either from endogenous sequences or from viruses that infect them. symptomatic tomatoes, watermelons, zucchini, and onions were purchased from grocery stores and investigated by small rna sequencing. by aligning the obtained small rna sequences to sequences of known viruses, four different viruses were identified as infecting these fr ... | 2014 | 25389086 |
| phylogenetic analysis of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) nss protein demonstrates the isolated emergence of resistance-breaking strains in pepper. | resurgence of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) worldwide as well as in hungary causing heavy economic losses directed the attention to the factors contributing to the outbreak of this serious epidemics. the introgression of tsw resistance gene into various pepper cultivars seemed to solve tswv control, but widely used resistant pepper cultivars bearing the same, unique resistance locus evoked the rapid emergence of resistance-breaking (rb) tswv strains. in hungary, the sporadic appearance of rb ... | 2015 | 25331341 |
| the first complete genome sequences of two distinct european tomato spotted wilt virus isolates. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) represents a major constraint to the production of important vegetable and ornamental crops in several countries around the world, including those in europe. in spite of their economic importance, european tswv isolates have only been partially characterized, and a complete genome sequence has not been determined yet. in this study, we completed the whole genome sequence of two distinct tswv isolates from italy, p105 and p202/3wt. the sequences of the l and m seg ... | 2015 | 25326756 |
| interacting virus abundance and transmission intensity underlie tomato spotted wilt virus incidence: an example weather-based model for cultivated tobacco. | through a modeling approach, we investigated weather factors that affect the summer incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), a virus vectored exclusively by thrips, in cultivated tobacco. aspects of thrips and plant biology that affect disease spread were treated as functions of weather, leading to a model of disease incidence informed by thrips and plant biology, and dependent on weather input variables. we found that disease incidence during the summer was influenced by weather affecting ... | 2013 | 23977384 |
| tomato spotted wilt virus infection reduces the fitness of a nonvector herbivore on pepper. | plant pathogens and insect herbivores often share hosts under natural conditions. hence, pathogen-induced changes in a host plant can affect the herbivore and vice versa. even though plant viruses are ubiquitous in the field, little is known about plant-mediated interactions between viruses and nonvector herbivores. here we tested whether the performance of the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype q, was altered when raised on pepper infected with tomato spotted wilt virus ( ... | 2013 | 23786083 |
| second generation peanut genotypes resistant to thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt virus exhibit tolerance rather than true resistance and differentially affect thrips fitness. | spotted wilt disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (family bunyaviridae; genus tospovirus) is a major constraint to peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) production in the southeastern united states. reducing yield losses to tswv has heavily relied on planting genotypes that reduce the incidence of spotted wilt disease. however, mechanisms conferring resistance to tswv have not been identified in these genotypes. furthermore, no information is available on how these genotypes influence thrip ... | 2013 | 23786043 |
| from immunity to susceptibility: virus resistance induced in tomato by a silenced transgene is lost as tgs overcomes ptgs. | tomato line 30.4 was obtained engineering the nucleocapsid (n) gene of tomato spotted wilt virus into plant genome, and immunity to tomato spotted wilt virus infection of its self-pollinated homozygous progeny was observed. despite the presence of a high amount of transgenic transcripts, transgenic proteins have not been detected, suggesting a mechanism of resistance mediated by rna. in the present study, we identify post-transcriptional gene silencing as the main mechanism of resistance, which ... | 2013 | 23738576 |
| expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic study of the nucleocapsid protein of tomato spotted wilt virus. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), which causes severe damage to various agricultural crops such as tomato, pepper, lettuce and peanut, is a negative-stranded rna virus belonging to the tospovirus genus of the bunyaviridae family. viral genomic rna molecules are packaged in the form of ribonucleoprotein complexes, each of which contains one viral rna molecule that is coated with many nucleocapsid (n) proteins. here, the expression and crystallization of tswv n protein are reported. native and sel ... | 2013 | 23722858 |
| phylogenetic and recombination analysis of tomato spotted wilt virus. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) severely damages and reduces the yield of many economically important plants worldwide. in this study, we determined the whole-genome sequences of 10 tswv isolates recently identified from various regions and hosts in korea. phylogenetic analysis of these 10 isolates as well as the three previously sequenced isolates indicated that the 13 korean tswv isolates could be divided into two groups reflecting either two different origins or divergences of korean tswv is ... | 2013 | 23696821 |
| genetic and host-associated differentiation within thrips tabaci lindeman (thysanoptera: thripidae) and its links to tomato spotted wilt virus-vector competence. | of eight thelytokous populations of onion thrips (thrips tabaci) collected from potato (three populations), onion (four) or chrysanthemum (one) hosts from various regions of australia, only those from potato were capable of transmitting tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in controlled transmission experiments. genetic differentiation of seven of these eight populations, and nine others not tested for tswv vector competence, was examined by comparison of the dna sequences of mitochondrial cytochrom ... | 2013 | 23632893 |
| de novo transcriptome sequencing in frankliniella occidentalis to identify genes involved in plant virus transmission and insecticide resistance. | the western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis, a world-wide invasive insect, causes agricultural damage by directly feeding and by indirectly vectoring tospoviruses, such as tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). we characterized the transcriptome of wft and analyzed global gene expression of wft response to tswv infection using illumina sequencing platform. we compiled 59,932 unigenes, and identified 36,339 unigenes by similarity analysis against public databases, most of which were an ... | 2013 | 23434629 |
| identification of expressed resistance gene analogs from peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) expressed sequence tags. | low genetic diversity makes peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) very vulnerable to plant pathogens, causing severe yield loss and reduced seed quality. several hundred partial genomic dna sequences as nucleotide-binding-site leucine-rich repeat (nbs-lrr) resistance genes (r) have been identified, but a small portion with expressed transcripts has been found. we aimed to identify resistance gene analogs (rgas) from peanut expressed sequence tags (ests) and to develop polymorphic markers. the protein seq ... | 2013 | 23384141 |
| thrips tabaci population genetic structure and polyploidy in relation to competency as a vector of tomato spotted wilt virus. | knowledge of population-level genetic differences can help explain variation among populations of insect vectors in their role in the epidemiology of specific viruses. variation in competency to transmit tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) that exists among populations of thrips tabaci has been associated with the presence of cryptic species that exhibit different modes of reproduction and host ranges. however, recent findings suggest that vector competency of t. tabaci at any given location depend ... | 2013 | 23365671 |
| specific insect-virus interactions are responsible for variation in competency of different thrips tabaci isolines to transmit different tomato spotted wilt virus isolates. | local adaptation between sympatric host and parasite populations driven by vector genetics appears to be a factor that influences dynamics of disease epidemics and evolution of insect-vectored viruses. although t. tabaci is the primary vector of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in some areas of the world, it is not an important vector of this economically important plant virus in many areas where it occurs. previous studies suggest that genetic variation of thrips populations, virus isolates, or ... | 2013 | 23358707 |
| host plant resistance against tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut (arachis hypogaea) and its impact on susceptibility to the virus, virus population genetics, and vector feeding behavior and survival. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) severely affects peanut production in the southeastern united states. breeding efforts over the last three decades resulted in the release of numerous peanut genotypes with field resistance to tswv. the degree of field resistance in these genotypes has steadily increased over time, with recently released genotypes exhibiting a higher degree of field resistance than older genotypes. however, most new genotypes have never been evaluated in the greenhouse or laborat ... | 2014 | 24025049 |
| tomato spotted wilt virus benefits a non-vector arthropod, tetranychus urticae, by modulating different plant responses in tomato. | the interaction between plant viruses and non-vector arthropod herbivores is poorly understood. however, there is accumulating evidence that plant viruses can impact fitness of non-vector herbivores. in this study, we used oligonucleotide microarrays, phytohormone, and total free amino acid analyses to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and a non-vector arthropod, twospotted spider mite (tetranychusurticae), on tomato plants, ... | 2013 | 24058708 |
| differential expression of tomato spotted wilt virus-derived viral small rnas in infected commercial and experimental host plants. | viral small rnas (vsirnas) in the infected host can be generated from viral double-stranded rna replicative intermediates, self-complementary regions of the viral genome or from the action of host rna-dependent rna polymerases on viral templates. the vsirna abundance and profile as well as the endogenous small rna population can vary between different hosts infected by the same virus influencing viral pathogenicity and host response. there are no reports on the analysis of vsirnas of tomato spot ... | 2013 | 24143182 |
| phylogenetic analysis of new zealand tomato spotted wilt virus isolates suggests likely incursion history scenarios and mechanisms for population evolution. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is an internationally significant pathogen with a wide host range, vectored by thrips. we have studied the sequence variation and evolutionary mechanisms at play in parts of the l, m and s subgenomes of 23 new zealand tswv isolates collected between 1992 and 2009, aiming to identify the possible geographic origins of isolates. maximum-likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses of new zealand and overseas tswv isolates placed the l and m subgenome sequences of two iso ... | 2014 | 24232914 |
| mutational analysis of two highly conserved motifs in the silencing suppressor encoded by tomato spotted wilt virus (genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae). | tospoviruses cause serious economic losses to a wide range of field and horticultural crops on a global scale. the nss gene encoded by tospoviruses acts as a suppressor of host plant defense. we identified amino acid motifs that are conserved in all of the nss proteins of tospoviruses for which the sequence is known. using tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) as a model, the role of these motifs in suppressor activity of nss was investigated. using site-directed point mutations in two conserved moti ... | 2014 | 24363189 |
| control of viral diseases transmitted in a persistent manner by thrips in pepper (tomato spotted wilt virus). | tomato spotted wilt disease is caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (tospovirus, bunyaviridae), a virus that severely damages and reduces the yield of many economically important plants worldwide and actually it is a major disease affecting the production of tomato and pepper in italy. due to the non-predictive nature of its outbreaks combined with the lack of forecasting, adoption of preventive measures have not always been practical, in fact the disease cycle has proven to be extremely d ... | 2014 | 26080477 |
| disruption of vector transmission by a plant-expressed viral glycoprotein. | vector-borne viruses are a threat to human, animal, and plant health worldwide, requiring the development of novel strategies for their control. tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is one of the 10 most economically significant plant viruses and, together with other tospoviruses, is a threat to global food security. tswv is transmitted by thrips, including the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. previously, we demonstrated that the tswv glycoprotein gn binds to thrips vector midguts. ... | 2014 | 24405031 |
| winter weeds as inoculum sources of tomato spotted wilt virus and as reservoirs for its vector, frankliniella fusca (thysanoptera: thripidae) in farmscapes of georgia. | thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) has a broad host range including crops and weeds. in georgia, tswv is known to consistently affect peanut, tomato, pepper, and tobacco production. these crops are grown from march through november. in the crop-free period, weeds are presumed to serve as a green bridge for thrips and tswv. previous studies have identified several winter weeds as tswv and thrips hosts. however, their ability to influence tswv transmission in crops is still not co ... | 2014 | 24612539 |
| effect of watermelon silver mottle virus on the life history and feeding preference of thrips palmi. | thrips-borne tospoviruses cause numerous plant diseases that produce severe economic losses worldwide. in the disease system, thrips not only damage plants through feeding but also transmit causative agents of epidemics. in addition, thrips are infected with tospoviruses in the course of virus transmission. most studies on the effect of tospoviruses on vector thrips have focused on the tomato spotted wilt virus-frankliniella occidentalis system. thus, we focused on another thrips-borne tospoviru ... | 2014 | 25010157 |
| possible involvement of eef1a in tomato spotted wilt virus rna synthesis. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is a negative-strand rna virus in the family bunyaviridae and propagates in both insects and plants. although tswv can infect a wide range of plant species, host factors involved in viral rna synthesis of tswv in plants have not been characterized. in this report, we demonstrate that the cell-free extract derived from one of the host plants can activate mrna transcriptional activity of tswv. based on activity-guided fractionation of the cell-free extract, we iden ... | 2014 | 25151062 |
| analysis of the a-u rich hairpin from the intergenic region of tospovirus s rna as target and inducer of rna silencing. | earlier work indicated that tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) messenger transcripts, and not the (anti)genomic rnas, are targeted by the rna silencing machinery. here, the predicted au-rich hairpin (hp) structure encoded by the intergenic region (igr) of the tswv s rna, and present at the 3' end of viral mrnas, was analyzed as a target and inducer for rna silencing. virus-derived sirnas (vsirnas) purified from virus infected plants were found to derive from all three genomic rna segments but pred ... | 2014 | 25268120 |
| the asymmetric trimeric ring structure of the nucleocapsid protein of tospovirus. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), belonging to the genus tospovirus of the family bunyaviridae, causes significant economic damage in several vegetables and ornamental plants worldwide. similar to that in all other negative-strand rna viruses, the nucleocapsid (n) protein plays very important roles in their viral life cycle. n proteins protect genomic rnas by encapsidation and form a viral ribonucleoprotein complex (vrnp) with some rna-dependent rna polymerases. here we show the crystal structur ... | 2017 | 28768868 |
| genome-wide discovery of microsatellite markers from diploid progenitor species, arachis duranensis and a. ipaensis, and their application in cultivated peanut (a. hypogaea). | despite several efforts in the last decade toward development of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers in peanut, there is still a need for more markers for conducting different genetic and breeding studies. with the effort of the international peanut genome initiative, the availability of reference genome for both the diploid progenitors of cultivated peanut allowed us to identify 135,529 and 199,957 ssrs from the a (arachis duranensis) and b genomes (arachis ipaensis), respectively. genome sequ ... | 2017 | 28769940 |
| cross-talk between jasmonate and salicylate plant defense pathways: effects on several plant parasites. | plants are often attacked by many herbivorous insects and pathogens at the same time. two important suites of responses to attack are mediated by plant hormones, jasmonate and salicylate, which independently provide resistance to herbivorous insects and pathogens, respectively. several lines of evidence suggest that there is negative cross-talk between the jasmonate and salicylate response pathways. this biochemical link between general plant defense strategies means that deploying defenses agai ... | 2002 | 28547690 |
| towards area wide management of insect vectored viruses of tomatoes in the bowen district. | the bowen region of northern queensland is an important winter production area for tomatoes in australia. there are three economically important viruses in the region that affect tomato, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv), tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and potato leafroll virus (plrv), which are vectored by whiteflies, thrips and aphids, respectively. an area wide management approach is required to lower the primary inoculum throughout the district. to this end, we undertook investigations ... | 2017 | 28625668 |
| the nsm proteins of phylogenetically related tospoviruses trigger sw-5b-mediated resistance dissociated of their cell-to-cell movement function. | the cell-to-cell movement protein (nsm) of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) has been recently identified as the effector of the single dominant sw-5b resistance gene from tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.). although most tswv isolates shows a resistance-inducing (ri) phenotype, regular reports have appeared on the emergence of resistance-breaking (rb) isolates in tomato fields, and suggested a strong association with two point mutations (c118y and t120n) in the nsm protein. in this study the sw-5b ... | 2017 | 28754561 |
| mapping the sw-5 locus for tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in tomatoes using rapd and rflp analyses. | the sw-5 locus confers dominant resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). to map the location and facilitate the identification of markers linked to sw-5 we developed a pair of near-isogenic lines (nils) and an f2 lycopersicon esculentum x l. pennellii population segregating for resistance to tswv. dna from the nils was analyzed using 748 random 10-mer oligonucleotides to discern linked molecular markers using a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) approach. one random primer (gagcacggg ... | 1995 | 24173937 |
| biolistic transformation of chrysanthemum with the nucleocapsid gene of tomato spotted wilt virus. | in vitro regeneration and biolistic transformation procedures were developed for several commercial chrysanthemum dendranthema grandiflora tzvelev, syn. chrysanthemum morifolium ramat. cultivars using leaf and stem explants. studies on the effect of several growth regulators and kanamycin on chrysanthemum regeneration were conducted, and a step-wise procedure to optimize kanamycin selection and recovery of transgenic plants was developed. a population of putative transformed chrysanthemum plants ... | 1995 | 24186624 |
| identification and mapping on chromosome 9 of rapd markers linked to sw-5 in tomato by bulked segregant analysis. | bulked segregant analysis was used to identify random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers linked to the sw-5 gene for resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in tomato. using two pools of phenotyped individuals from one segregating population, we identified four rapd markers linked to the gene of interest. two of these appeared tightly linked to sw-5, whereas another, linked in repulsion phase, enabled the identification of heterozygous and susceptible plants. after linkage analysis ... | 1996 | 24166634 |
| analysis of the tomato spotted wilt virus ambisense s rna-encoded hairpin structure in translation. | the intergenic region (ir) of ambisense rna segments from animal- and plant-infecting (-)rna viruses functions as a bidirectional transcription terminator. the ir sequence of the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) ambisense s rna contains stretches that are highly rich in a-residues and u-residues and is predicted to fold into a stable hairpin structure. the presence of this hairpin structure sequence in the 3' untranslated region (utr) of tswv mrnas implies a possible role in translation. | 2012 | 22363535 |
| transmission of iris yellow spot virus by frankliniella fusca and thrips tabaci (thysanoptera: thripidae). | thrips-transmitted iris yellow spot virus (iysv) (family bunyaviridae, genus tospovirus) affects onion production in the united states and worldwide. the presence of iysv in georgia was confirmed in 2003. two important thrips species that transmit tospoviruses, the onion thrips (thrips tabaci (lindeman)) and the tobacco thrips (frankliniella fusca (hinds)) are known to infest onion in georgia. however, t. tabaci is the only confirmed vector of iysv. experiments were conducted to test the vector ... | 2012 | 22420253 |
| effectiveness of tomato-spotted wilt virus management tactics. | tomato-spotted wilt (tsw) is caused by the tomato-spotted wilt virus (tswv) and is a major disease affecting the production of tomato and pepper in the southeastern united states. before initiating a multistate, regional project addressing this issue, a survey was conducted in north carolina, south carolina, georgia, and florida to assess the need for improved management of tswv in these crops. we investigated farmer's stated effectiveness of four common tswv management tactics (reflective mulch ... | 2012 | 22812134 |
| reflective mulch and acibenzolar-s-methyl treatments relative to thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) and tomato spotted wilt virus incidence in tomato. | management of thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt (tsw) virus typically relies on tactics that either reduce the thrips vector numbers or change the plant's response to the virus to reduce economic loss. we attempted to quantify the interaction between two such tactics, reflective mulch and the plant activator acibenzolar-s-methyl (actigard), respectively, on a tsw-susceptible tomato hybrid. a split plot experiment was conducted in 2009 and 2010 where main-plots were three types of plastic mu ... | 2012 | 22928310 |
| complementation between two tospoviruses facilitates the systemic movement of a plant virus silencing suppressor in an otherwise restrictive host. | new viruses pathogenic to plants continue to emerge due to mutation, recombination, or reassortment among genomic segments among individual viruses. tospoviruses cause significant economic damage to a wide range of crops in many parts of the world. the genetic or molecular basis of the continued emergence of new tospoviruses and new hosts is not well understood though it is generally accepted that reassortment and/or genetic complementation among the three genomic segments of individual viruses ... | 2012 | 23077485 |
| [expression and subcellular location of nsm protein of tomato spotted wilt virus in plant and insect cells]. | expression and subcellular location of nsm protein of tomato spotted wilt virus were studied using plant and insect cells. | 2012 | 23173432 |
| receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determines association of individual potato foliage volatiles with onion thrips preference, cultivar and plant age. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) causes sporadic but serious disease in australian potato crops. tswv is naturally spread to potato by thrips of which thrips tabaci is the most important. prior studies indicated possible non-preference of potato cultivars to t. tabaci. select potato cultivars were assessed for non-preference to t. tabaci in paired and group choice trials. cultivars 'bismark', 'tasman' and 'king edward' were less preferred than 'atlantic', 'russet burbank' and 'shepody'. green le ... | 2017 | 28746359 |
| transcriptome changes associated with tomato spotted wilt virus infection in various life stages of its thrips vector, frankliniella fusca (hinds). | persistent propagative viruses maintain intricate interactions with their arthropod vectors. in this study, we investigated the transcriptome-level responses associated with a persistent propagative phytovirus infection in various life stages of its vector using an illumina hiseq sequencing platform. the pathosystem components included a tospovirus, tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), its insect vector, frankliniella fusca (hinds), and a plant host, arachis hypogaea (l.). we assembled (de novo) re ... | 2017 | 28741996 |
| a single point mutation in tomato spotted wilt virus nss protein is sufficient to overcome tsw-gene-mediated resistance in pepper. | the nonstructural protein (nss) of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) was previously identified as an avirulence determinant for tsw-based resistance on pepper. the nss of wild-type (wt) and resistance-breaking (rb) tswv strains isolated in hungary had only two amino acid substitutions (104, 461). we have analysed the ability of the nss and their point mutant variants to trigger tsw-mediated hypersensitive responses and rna silencing suppressor (rss) activity in patch assays. we identified a singl ... | 2017 | 28631603 |
| three decades of managing tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut in southeastern united states. | southeastern states namely georgia, florida, and alabama produce two-thirds of the peanuts in the united states. thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), which causes spotted wilt disease, has been a major impediment to peanut production for the past three decades. the cultivars grown in the 1980s were extremely susceptible to tswv. early yield losses extended to tens of millions of dollars each year (up to 100% loss in many fields). this situation led to the creation of an interdisc ... | 2017 | 28549856 |
| transcriptome-wide identification of host genes targeted by tomato spotted wilt virus-derived small interfering rnas. | rna silencing mechanism functions as a major defense against invading viruses. the caveat in the rna silencing mechanism is that the effector small interfering rnas (sirnas) act on any rna transcripts with sequence complementarity irrespective of target's origin. a subset of highly expressed viral small interfering rnas (vsirnas) derived from the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv; tospovirus: bunyaviridae) genome was analyzed for their propensity to downregulate the tomato transcriptome. a total o ... | 2017 | 28545854 |