| [in vitro evaluation of antiviral inhibitors by means of a turbidity method (author's transl)]. | the paper presents a photometric method for the determination of virus-induced alterations (cytopathogenic effects) of cells based on nephelometric analysis. these were taken at varying time intervals after infection and with different multiplicity of infection. it was demonstrated that suppression of virus-induced cpe by the known inhibitors could also be followed by turbidity measurements. the in vitro experiments were carried out in the 2 following virus-cell-systems: pseudorabies virus in ch ... | 1975 | 171906 |
| [respiratory tract infections of viral origin in infants. examination of 103 serum pairs in autumn and following spring]. | in autumn 1973 und about four months later in spring 1974 blood samples were taken from the same 103 children aged from a few months to five years and coming from different parts of bavaria. we examined the samples for complement-fixing antibodies against the influenza virus types a, b and c, the parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3, the adenoviruses and the respiratory-syncytial virus, and for neutralising antibodies against the echo virus type 25. at the commencement of the investigation the m ... | 1975 | 172769 |
| activation of influenza a viruses by trypsin treatment. | | 1975 | 173078 |
| effect of tetraethyl thiuram disulfide (disulfiram) on the multiplication of enveloped viruses. | disulfiram at concentrations between 0.1 and 0.3 mm inhibits the multiplication of semliki forest virus (sfv), fowl plague virus (fpv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and pseudorabies virus (prv), when administered 1 hour before and during adsorption. there is, however, no inhibition of virus multiplication, when the drug is added after adsorption onto chick embryo cells. disulfiram interferes neither with the receptors of the virus nor of erythrocytes, and it d ... | 1975 | 173261 |
| [quantitative and virus specific serum igm detection in newborns (author's transl)]. | serum igm concentration was determined in umbilical cord blood samples from 1000 newborns. 34 cases presenting elevated igm values (greater than or equal to 30 mg%) were tested for virus specific igm antibodies. we could demonstrate such virus specific igm antibodies against cytomegalovirus (4), against rubella, influenza a and influenza b (2 each) and against coxsackie virus (1). the quantitation of igm in blood samples of child bearing women showed no elevated values compared to those of non-p ... | 1975 | 173647 |
| inhibition of cellular protein synthesis by simultaneous pretreatment of host cells with fowl plague virus and actinomycin d: a method for studying early protein synthesis of several rna viruses. | a method is described for analysis of viral protein synthesis early after infection when minute amounts of viral proteins are effectively concealed by large amounts of produced host-specific proteins. the method is superior to a radioimmune assay, since all virus-induced proteins can be measured independent of their immunological reactivity. host-specific protein synthesis can be suppressed by infection with fowl plague virus. addition of actinomycin c 1.25 h postinfection does not prevent this ... | 1975 | 173875 |
| effect of infection with enveloped viruses on nucleotide metabolism. | | 1976 | 176807 |
| mechanism of injury of virus-infected cells by antiviral antibody and complement: participation of igg, f(ab')2, and the alternative complement pathway. | antibody-mediated c-dependent lysis of cell lines infected with herpes simplex type 1 virus, influenza a degrees virus, measles virus, and mumps virus occurred by the alternative c pathway with the participation of igg antibodies. lysis occurred only with immune human sera, mg++ egta immune sera, and immune sera depleted of c4 or treated with fab anti-c4. lysis did not occur with nonimmune sera, mg++ edta immune sera, and immune sera heated 50 degrees c for 25 min, depleted of factor b or treate ... | 1976 | 177712 |
| [acute encephalitis in double infection with herpes simplex and influenza a2(68) viruses]. | | 1976 | 177896 |
| hepatic carbamyl phosphate synthetase and ornithine transcarbamylase in mouse influenze a and influenze b infection. | in mice infected with mouse-adapted influenza a/pr/8/34, hepatic carbamyl phosphate synthetase (cps) activity was reduced to 88%, and ornithine transcarbamylase (otc) was reduced to 83% of control values. in mice infected with mouse-adapted b/lee/40, cps activity was 98% was 94% of control values. these limited reductions in enzyme activity were attributed to a nonspecific debilitating effect of acute influenzal pneumonia. these findings suggest that the pronounced reduction of cps and otc activ ... | 1976 | 177994 |
| genetically determined resistance to infection by hepatotropic influenza a virus in mice: effect of immunosuppression. | mice carrying the gene mx were resistant to the lethal action of a hepatotropic line of avian influenza a virus. in resistant animals, foci of liver necrosis were self-limiting, and maximal virus titers reached were much below those in susceptible animals. resistance could not be abrogated by immunosuppressive treatment with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, or procarbazine, although such treatment prevented cellular infiltration at sites of virus replication and appeared to delay virus clearance. ... | 1976 | 178595 |
| counteraction of poly(4-vinylpyridine-n-oxide) on the depression of viral interferon induction by coal dust. | the depressive activity of coal dust on interferon induction by influenza was markedly subverted when either coal dust or llc-mk2 cell monolayers were pretreated with poly (4-vinylpyridine-n-oside). the polymer alone neither induced interferon synthesis, inhibited viral induction of interferon, influenced viral multiplication, nor affected cellular-induced resistance by interferon. absorption of the polymer to coal dust not only occurred at a more rapid rate than to cell monolayers, but also les ... | 1976 | 178603 |
| fluorosugars inhibit biological properties of different enveloped viruses. | both 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-mannose were found to be potent inhibitors of the synthesis of infectious semliki forest and fowl plague virus in chicken embryo cells and also of pseudorabies virus grown in rabbit kidney cells. it was found that the pseudorabies virus-mediated cell fusion and the synthesis of functional hemagglutinin of fowl plague virus were blocked. in all cases the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-mannose-caused inhibition was stronger than the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glu ... | 1976 | 178923 |
| evaluation of 6-azauridine and 5-iododeoxyuridine in the treatment of experimental viral infections. | the potential antiviral activity of 6-azauridine and 5-iododeoxyuridine was evaluated in a coordinated study at five institutions. experimental models in five species, the mouse, rabbit, swine, cat, and ferret, were established with use of 10 viruses: herpesvirus hominis types 1 and 2, murine cytomegalovirus, vaccinia virus, shope fibroma virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, swine influenza virus, feline viral rhinotracheitis virus, feline panleukopenia virus, and ferret distemper virus. ... | 1976 | 180189 |
| elevated nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test response in acute viral respiratory disease. | | 1976 | 180486 |
| local immunity in newcastle disease: some recent experiments. | following primary exposure by the ocular route to lentogenic newcastle disease virus (ndv) the lacrymal fluid, saliva and tracheal washes of three-week old specific pathogen free chickens acquired specific virus-neutralizing activity which considerably exceeded transudation of circulating antibody. all three secretions contain iga which, at least in saliva, accounted for 85% of its activity, the remanider being due to igg. antibody in secretions limited, but did not prevent, reinfection of the ... | 1976 | 182586 |
| studies on a test vaccine for equine influenza virus. i. production of a test vaccine. | | 1975 | 183036 |
| studies on a test vaccine for equine influenza virus. ii. field trials. | | 1975 | 183037 |
| suppression of glycoprotein formation of semliki forest, influenza, and avian sarcoma virus by tunicamycin. | tunicamycin, a new antibiotic, halts the formation of physical particles of semliki forest and fowl plague virus, whereas avian oncornavirus particles which show a reduction in infectivity and do not contain detectable labeled glycoprotein are released in the presence of the drug. in semliki forest virus-infected cells only the protein moieties of the glycoproteins could be labeled. in cells infected with fowl plague and avian sarcoma virus neither intact glycoproteins nor their protein moieties ... | 1976 | 184299 |
| influence of vaccination with a/pr 8/34 (ho-n1) influenza virus on the oncogenic activity of polyoma virus in newborn wistar rats. | vaccination with the a/pr 8/34 (ho n1) strain of influenza virus can decrease significantly the oncogenic activity of polyomavirus in newborn wistar rats. this effect was regularly observed when animals were vaccinated with 24 hr after birth, whereas vaccinations performed on days 3 and 10 failed to influence the oncogenic potential of polyoma virus. in 3 series of experiments, influenza virus vaccination resulted in sigificantly decreased tumor rates, and, in a 4th series, in reduced tumor grow ... | 1976 | 184938 |
| natural infection with influenza a (h3n2). the development, persistance and effect of antibodies to the surface antigens. | a technique for estimating antibodies to the neuraminidase antigens of influenza a is described. the antibody response to the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens of influenza a (h3n2) was studied in a boys' public school over the four-year period 1970--4. during this time there were two outbreaks of influenza a and the effect of antibody on the result of natural challenge was investigated. no boy who had homotypic neuraminidase antibody had clinical influenza. | 1976 | 185291 |
| preparation of highly labeled hvj in deembryonated eggs. | | 1976 | 185444 |
| v irus and lectin agglutination of erythrocytes: spin label study of membrane lipid-protein interactions. | techniques of spin-label electron spin resonance have been used to prove changes in the structure of the lipid phase of erythrocyte membrane after agglutination by viruses and lectins. when chicken erythrocytes are agglutinated by sendai and influenza viruses and by the lectins concanavalin a and wheat germ agglutinin, the membrane lipid phase becomes more fluid, as detected by three different lipophilic spin-laveled probes. colchicine, vinblastine, and tetracaine inhibit the fluidization of chi ... | 1976 | 185616 |
| [aetiological studies on viral pneumonia (author's transl)]. | 401 cases of viral pneumonia diagnosed between january 1973 and august 1975 were investigated serologically by the complement-fixation test. the percentage distribution of the responsible pathogenic organism in this series of cases was as follows: influenza virus a 45.9%, mycoplasma pneumoniae 19.5%, coxsackie b viruses 9.2%, cytomegalovirus 7.5% and chlamydia psittaci 8.5%. the remaining 9.4% cases were caused by adeno, parainfluenza, measles, influenza b, herpes simplex and respiratory syncyti ... | 1976 | 185813 |
| [stick-plaque test--an economic method of quantitative determination of viruses]. | an economic method for quantitative assay of viruses is presented. in this "canule stick-plaque test" (german abbreviation spt) samples of viruses, geometrically diluted and taken up by a canule, are inoculated by sticking into monolayer cell cultures overlayed with agar medium. a plaquelike cpe detectable by neutral red staining develops in the area of the inoculation. the frequency of this cpe formation depends on the concentration of viruses in the inoculated dilution. this dose-response allo ... | 1976 | 186533 |
| role of interferon in the pathogenesis of virus diseases in mice as demonstrated by the use of anti-interferon serum. ii. studies with herpes simplex, moloney sarcoma, vesicular stomatitis, newcastle disease, and influenza viruses. | the effect of potent sheep anti-mouse interferon globulin was investigated in several different experimental virus diseases of mice. in anti-interferon globulin-treated mice infected intraperitoneally with herpes simplex virus (hsv) type i, the latent period was shortened, and the overall ld50 was increased several hundredfold compared to virus-infected control mice. when hsv was inoculated subcutaneously all anti-interferon globulin-treated mice died, whereas only 5% of virus-infected control m ... | 1976 | 186555 |
| in vivo antiviral activity of d-glucosamine. | intraperitoneal treatments with d-glucosamine, an inhibitor of the glycosylation of the viral envelope, decreased the growth rate of tumors induced in quails or in chicks by rous sarcoma virus and increased the survival of mice inoculated with human influenza virus. | 1976 | 187148 |
| influenza: its antigenic variation and ecology. | influenza viruses have two surface antigens, the glycoprotein structures hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na). antibodies to each of these are associated with immunity, but the structures themselves are antigenically variable. when an antigenic change is gradual over time it is referred to as a drift, while a sudden complete or major change in either or both antigens is termed a shift. the mechanism of antigenic drift is usually attributed to selection of preexisting mutants by pressure fro ... | 1976 | 187273 |
| experimental challenge of pregnant gilts with swine influenza virus after vaccination. | inactivated swine influenza virus was concentrated by filtration. two 5 ml doses given subcutaneously two to three weeks apart to spf gilts of breeding age of bred gilts was antigenic as measured by the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. higher hi titers of longer duration were produced in unvaccinated gilts after experimental challenge. vaccinated gilts reverted to negative (less than 1:20) hi tests after challenge. pigs from vaccinated gilts were heavier when weaned at five weeks of age th ... | 1976 | 188087 |
| [influenza a/equine 2: example for an atypical course in a group of 21 horses]. | | 1976 | 188127 |
| [abortive myxovirus infection in ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. production of heterokaryons in permissive cells and analysis of virus-specific structures]. | hybridization of ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells and chicken fibroblasts using uv-inactivated sendai virus produced the following variants of homo- and heterokaryons: (a) uninfected ehrlich cells, (b) fowl plague virus-infected chicken fibroblasts, (c) uninfected ehrlich cells and uninfected chicken fibroblasts; (d) infected ehrlich cells and infected chicken fibroblasts, (e) infected ehrlich cells and uninfected chicken fibroblasts. the analysis of the material produced by heterokaryons gave th ... | 1976 | 188250 |
| [results of serologic surveys of children with acute stenosing laryngotracheobronchitis]. | the materials of serologic surveys of 269 children with acute stenosing laryngotracheobronchitis hospitalized in children's infectious hospital no. 3, leningrad, are presented. acute stenosing laryngotracheobronchitis developed most frequently against the background of low titres of antibody to viruses of the respiratory group. severe cases of the disease were caused by influenza a2 virus, milder cases by influenza b, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial and adenoviruses. | 1976 | 188258 |
| cell-mediated immunity to sendai virus infection in mice. | the development of a cell-mediated immune response to sendai virus infection in mice was examined by the use of a 51cr release assay of cytotoxicity. a low level of "background cytotoxicity" to sendai virus-infected l cells was found in the spleens of uninfected cba mice. spleen cells from sendai-infected mice showed an elevated level of cytotoxicity against these target cells for a period of 5 weeks, commencing 4 days after infection of the mice. a more transient response was observed in the sp ... | 1977 | 188766 |
| [stich-plaque test--an economic method for quantitative determination of viruses]. | an economic method for quantitative assay of viruses is presented. in this "canule stick-plaque test" (german abbreviation spt) samples of viruses, geometrically diluted and taken up by a canule, are inoculated by sticking into monolayer cell cultures overlayed with agar medium. a plaquelike cpe detectable by neutral red staining develops in the area of the inoculation. the frequency of this cpe formation depends on the concentration of viruses in the inoculated dilution. this dose-response allo ... | 1976 | 188946 |
| a possible mechanism for the action of some myxoviruses. | the redox properties of some myxoviruses [fowl plaque virus strain rostock (fpv), new castle disease virus strain italy (ndv), b/hong kong, a/port chalmers, a/victoria, a/scotland, and a/fort dir) and electron microscopic studies as well as by the determination of the hemagglutination (ha) titer (antigen efficiency). the results have shown that viruses decrease the spin concentration of cu2+ by acting as a reducing species (electron donor) which will result in the inactivation (oxidation) of the ... | 1976 | 189346 |
| viral, mycoplasma and bacterial infections in nurses with symptoms of respiratory diseases. | a consecutive series of 282 nurses of the university hospital, groningen, with complaints of the nose and/or throat associated with coughing and/or hoarseness were examined between april 1965 and february 1968. the intent was to obtain information on the incidence of viral, mycoplasma and bacterial infections, and on the relationship of these infections in nurses with chronic nonspecific lung disease (cnsld). the following results were obtained: 1. virus infections caused by influenza virus (a, ... | 1976 | 189386 |
| sero-epidemiological survey on human and swine influenza a. situation at the onset of summer 1976. | a serological survey was performed to detect the presence of hi antibodies against the swine-like a/new jersey/76 (hsw1 n1) and the human a/victoria 3/75 (h3n2) virus strains in the sera of 700 subjects of different age, and of 244 swine. hi antibodies against a/new jersey/76 strain were not detected in 308 subjects younger than 31 years. they turned out to be present in 8% of the subjects from 31 to 43 years, always at low titre, and at a different titre, in 50% of the subjects from 44 to 58 ye ... | 1976 | 189788 |
| [some ways to eliminate the side effects of antibiotic therapy in experimental pneumonia]. | impairement in the process of tissue respiration at the subcellular level in growing animals with experimental pneumonia are described. under the conditions of antibiotic therapy such impairements aggravated. a combined use of antibiotics with succinic and glutamic acids resulted in improvement of the tissue respiration and acceleration of reparation. possible mechanisms of this phenomenon are discussed. | 1977 | 190945 |
| [the fixing complement antibodies to respiratory viruses--influenza a1, b, c, parainfluenza 1 (sendai), syncytial respiratory, adenovirus, echo 11--and "mycoplasma pneumoniae" in healthy persons (author's transl)]. | serological research of complement fixation test (kolmer micromethod) into 163 young healthy subjects (18-22 years old) in order to point out the contaminations effects of respiratory viruses and of mycoplasma pneumoniae. in is pointed out serological simultaneous reactions on some subjects, expression of multiple infections; the different frequency of serological tests for each antigen, pointing out the rôll played by the singles diseases, the different titre distribution of the antibodies to 1 ... | 1976 | 190954 |
| adenosine triphosphatase activity in myxoviruses. | sendai and pr 8 viral particles show na+-k+-atpase activity, an enzymatic activity which is assumed to be a typical plasma membrane marker and which probably derives from the host cell membrane. attention has been paid to the peculiar behaviour of na+-k+-atpase activity in the two viral strains upon hypoosmotic treatment: sendai viral particles show enzymatic activity only after swelling, when for pr 8 particles the reverse is true. the results obtained are discussed as suggesting a different or ... | 1976 | 191043 |
| effect of virus infection and cycloheximide treatment on the labeling of cellular phospholipids with 32 p. | the total amount and the relative proportions of labeled phospholipids were studied in chorioallantoic membrane cells (cam), chick embryo cells (cec) and l cells which were either infected with newcastle disease virus (ndv), fowl plague virus (fpv) and mouse encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus or treated with cycloheximide. in productively infected or nonproductively infected cells, the total amount of labeled phospholipids was not altered, but the relative proportions of individual phospholipids w ... | 1977 | 192694 |
| infectious causes of equine respiratory disease on ontario standardbred racetracks. | upper respiratory disease has been a serious problem in standardbred horses on racetracks in ontario, with outbreaks occurring once or twice annually in late winter and early spring seasons. to determine the causes of these epidemics, a 3-year investigation was carried out in which nasal swabs and serum samples were obtained at intervals from apparently healthy horses and from horses suffering from upper respiratory disease. the nasal swabs were used to isolate bacteria and viruses. the serum sa ... | 1977 | 192757 |
| suppressed response to interferon inducation in mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus, semliki forest virus, influenza a2 virus, herpesvirus hominis type 2, or murine cytomegalovirus. | mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus, semliki forest virus, influenza a2 virus, herpesvirus hominis type 2, or murine cytomegalovirus developed a state of hyporeactivity to interferon induction. in general, the capacity of infected animals to produce interferon in response to inducers became progressively impaired during the course of infection. the severity and time of onset of hyporeactivity, however, were dependent upon the inducer and the nature of the viral infection. during viral ... | 1977 | 192804 |
| [determination of the diffusion coefficients and average diameters of myxoviruses by laser spectroscopy with optical mixing]. | | 1976 | 193304 |
| demonstration of host antigens in the myxovirus memebrane: lysis of virus by antibody and complement. | complement-mediated lesions developed in myxovirus membranes in the presence of antibody to host antigens. intact virions reacted with antibody to the keratosulphate-like host antigen present in the spike layer. spike-deprived influenza virus reacted in the same way when an antiserum to the forssman glycolipid was used. the holes in the membrane varied considerably in size, but were otherwise similar to those found in erythrocyte membranes. this immune electron microscopy method proved useful fo ... | 1977 | 193355 |
| cytotoxic t cells kill influenza virus infected cells but do not distinguish between serologically distinct type a viruses. | | 1977 | 194164 |
| antiviral activity of some beta-diketones. 1. aryl alkyl diketones. in vitro activity against both rna and dna viruses. | the discovery that 4-[3-ethyl-6-[(3,4-methylenedioxy)phenyl]-3-hexenyl]-3,5-heptanedione (40) exhibited an in vitro inhibitory effect against equine rhinovirus led to a structure--activity study to establish the criteria for optimum activity. modification of the bridge included removal of the ethyl group and reduction of the double bond. the heptanedione was replaced with hexanedione and pentanedione with a minimal effect. the effect of replacing the heptanedione with beta-keto esters and monoke ... | 1977 | 195054 |
| maintenance of viability and comparison of identification methods for influenza and other respiratory viruses of humans. | a comparison of hanks balanced salt solution, veal infusion broth (vib), and charcoal viral transport medium for maintaining viability of type a influenza virus indicated approximately equal survival of virus on all three media at -70 and 4 degrees c, whereas at 25 degrees c virus survived best in vib. vib supplemented with bovine serum albumin was used as transport medium in a community-wide surveillance of febrile respiratory disease for influenza viruses. unfrozen throat swab specimens were p ... | 1977 | 195979 |
| correlation of exposure to various respiratory pathogens with farmer's lung disease. | complement-fixing antibodies (cfa) to a panel of microorganisms commonly associated with respiratory disease were measured in a number of agricultural populations. the panel included mycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza viruses a and b, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus. the agricultural populations were grouped according to a clinical history of farmer's lung disease (fld) and the presence of antibodies to the thermophilic actinomycetes (ta). farmers ... | 1977 | 197136 |
| [effect of glutaraldehyde fixing on immunogenicity of hamster polyoma cells noninfected and infected with influenza virus a-2-pol-29/69]. | | 1977 | 197354 |
| hospital-acquired viral respiratory illness on a pediatric ward. | all 171 patients admitted to four study rooms containing cribs were under surveillance during the winter and spring for development of nosocomial respiratory and infection. one sixth of the 90 children at risk acquired respiratory illness while in the hospital. viruses were isolated from two thirds of the patients with nosocomial infections: rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and influenza a and b. serial viral cultures of the children under surveillance suggested that nine ... | 1977 | 197478 |
| quantitative, semiautomated, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for viral antibodies. | a quantitative, semiautomated, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for viral antibodies was developed. the quantitation was based on the comparison of the antibody activity of a serum to a standard curve obtained from a reference serum. this comparison was made automatically by a programmable calculator connected with the spectrophotometer. the assay was simplified further by use of specially designed disposable microcuvettes and micropipettes. the reproducibility of the test was good (1 sd = 5%), ... | 1977 | 198492 |
| [respiratory diseases in poultry caused by viruses--occurrence and diagnosis (author's transl)]. | the highly intensive conditions, that economic necessity has forced upon the poultry industry, have resulted in strongly changed environmental conditions and management which combined with the use of a constantly increasing number of live vaccines has highly complicated clearing up the etiology in diseased flocks. this is true not least as far as respiratory diseases concerns, which thereby often run an atypical course. a review, however, not complete, is given of the occurrence and diagnostic p ... | 1977 | 198739 |
| [infectious rnas in viruses with a negative genome]. | | 1977 | 198959 |
| [immunofluorescent method of studying autopsy material in acute pneumonia]. | the immunofluorescent procedure in examinations of the autopsy material from 304 fatal cases hospitalized for acute pneumonia permitted to diagnose influenza a2 in 29.0%, influenza b in 18.1%, parainfluenza in 3.5%, adenovirus infection in 9.2% and respiratory syncytial virus infection in 3.5% of the cases. in the period of a high incidence of acute respiratory infection, influenza a2 was detected by this method in 40.9% and influenza b in 50% of the cases. simultaneous examinations of the mater ... | 1977 | 198964 |
| [quantitative indices and physico-chemical properties of non-specific inhibitors of influenza a virus hemagglutination in the sera of different species of animals and birds]. | the results of studies of the quantitative values of nonspecific antihemagglutinins of influenza viruses in the sera of birds, laboratory, wild and domestic animals (altogether 27 species) are presented. the antiviral inhibitors characterized by a number of physicochemical properties (sensitivity to heating, kio4, trypsin, rivanol, 2-mercaptoethanol) were divided into 3 groups, sera of sheep, goats and cattle making up a separate group with regard to their sensitivity to heating and treatment wi ... | 1977 | 198965 |
| [clinical and immunopathological studies of viral nephritis]. | | 1977 | 199763 |
| [antiviral activity in the serum of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia: prognostic significance. preliminary report]. | in view of suggestions that acute myeloblastic leukemia (aml) may be of viral etiology, sera of 31 patients suffering from aml were investigated for antiviral activity. fowl plague virus (fpv), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), bt 20 mammary carcinoma cells and chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) were used as assay systems. in the fpv-bt20 system, 19 of 20 patients whose blood sample was taken when they were in complete remission showed antiviral activity in their sera. these patients stayed in com ... | 1977 | 199938 |
| [abortive myxovirus infection in ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma cells. further study of the nature of the virus-specific structures produced by heterokaryons]. | fowl plague virus-infected cells of ehrlich ascitic carcinoma produce a noninfectious virus which is defective in fragility of its membranes. an attempt has been made to produce nondefective virus by fusion of infected ehrlich cells with permissive cells: infected and non-infected chicken fibroblasts. the fusion of fpv-infected and 3h-uridine labeled ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells with infected unlabeled chicken fibroblasts using inactivated sendai virus resulted in production of two types of l ... | 1977 | 200012 |
| unusual susceptibility of oncogenic viruses to an antiviral antibiotic (bxm-10). | | 1977 | 201600 |
| [antiviral properties of analogs of distamycin a]. | the effect of 9 analogues of distamycin a was studied in a tissue culture with respect to the virus of a smallpox vaccine and classical avian plague. three analogues of distamycin a (i, vi, vii) were studied in chick embryos with respect to the smallpox and influenza viruses. the analogues were characterized by a loss or decrease of the activity against the smallpox vaccine virus as compared to distamycin a. in contrast to distamycin a analogue vii had an inhibitory effect on influenza infection ... | 1977 | 202191 |
| the influence of immunization on the production of interferon in vivo and in vitro. | the present study was undertaken to compare the production of interferon by immunized mice in response to different viral inducers. porton mice were immunized with ndv or a/wr11/57 virus by injecting 6-week-old animals with virus on days 1, 7, and 14. the interferon response was investigated 3 weeks later. compared with controls, the a-immunized mice after stimulation in vivo, produced more interferon when ndv was used as inducer. it was shown in sera as well as in washings of peritoneal cells. ... | 1977 | 202218 |
| [virus inactivation by hydrogen peroxide]. | the effect of h2o2 on adenovirus types 3 and 6, adenoassociated virus type 4, rhinoviruses 1a, 1b, and type 7, myxoviruses, influenza a and b, respiratory syncytial virus, strain long, and coronavirus strain 229e was studied in vitro, using different h2o2 concentration and timec of exposure. h2o2 in a 3 percent concentration inactivated all the viruses under study within 1--30 min. coronavirus and influenza viruses were found to be most sensitive. reoviruses, adenoviruses and adenoassociated vir ... | 1977 | 203115 |
| [experimental study of the antiviral properties of antibiotic 6734-21]. | the effect of antibiotic 6734-21 on the viruses of variolovaccine, herpes simplex, influenza and classical avian plague was studied on various experimental models. antibiotic 6734-21 inhibited development of the variolovaccine virus in the tissue culture, in chick embryos, in rabbits with variolovaccine infection, as well as the development of the viruses of herpes simplex, aueski, and newcastle diseases in the tissue culture. it had a virulicidic effect on the viruses of variolovaccine, influen ... | 1978 | 203225 |
| cell mediated immunity in experimental influenza and parainfluenza infection. | cell mediated immunity (cmi) to sendai and kunz viruses, determined by a 51cr release assay of cytotoxicity, has been shown to develop during the course of these infections. this virus specific response is mediated by sensitised t cells, and takes place against a background of innate cell mediated immunity. the mediator of this innate cytotoxicity exhibits none of the characteristics of t, b or k cells, but bears close resemblance to the nk cell which is spontaneously cytotoxic for certain tumou ... | 1977 | 203505 |
| inborn resistance of mice to myxoviruses: macrophages express phenotype in vitro. | a strain of avian influenza a virus was adapted to grow in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. the adapted strain, called m-tur, induced a marked cytopathic effect in macrophages from susceptible mice. mice homozygous (a2g) or heterozygous (f1 hybrids between a2g and several susceptible strains) for the gene mx, shown previously to induce a high level of resistance towards lethal challenge by a number of myxoviruses in vivo, yielded peritoneal macrophages which were not affected by m-tur. per ... | 1978 | 203652 |
| [potential virostatics. 1. quinoxalines]. | | 1977 | 203954 |
| epizootic swine influenza with evidence of a low rate of human infection associated with occupational exposure to swine. | | 1977 | 204060 |
| determination of the inhibitory effect of several compounds on neuraminidases from virus influenza, v. cholerae and cl. perfringens. | | 1978 | 204527 |
| the effect of ascorbic acid on infection chick-embryo ciliated tracheal organ cultures by coronavirus. | chick embryo tracheal organ cultures showed increased resistance to infection by a coronavirus after exposure to ascorbate, while chick respiratory epithelium and allantois-on-shell preparations showed no increase in resistance to infection by an influenza virus or a paramyxovirus. | 1978 | 205194 |
| intranuclear fibrillary inclusions in influenza pneumonia. | electron microscopical study of the lung tissue from a 75-year-old man who died of influenza pneumonia (a/victoria/ri/76) demonstrated fibrillary inclusions in the nuclei of many alveolar lining cells, in bronchial epithelial cells, and also in endothelial cells. these inclusions were morphologically different from those previously reported in experimental animals. in view of previous experimental studies indicating the necessity of nuclear participation in the replication of influenza virus, th ... | 1978 | 206227 |
| infections with viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae during exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the association of viral and mycoplasma pneumoniae infections with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis was studied by serologic or isolation techniques in 46 adult men during the five years from 1964 through 1968. serologic evidence of viral or m. pneumoniae infection was detected in 25% of 166 episodes of exacerbation and 14% of 138 remission periods (p = 0.02). influenza a virus, parainfluenza virus type 3, and coronavirus oc43 predominated; infections with other viruses were infrequent. ... | 1978 | 206630 |
| susceptibility of human skeletal muscle culture to influenza virus infection. part 2. ultrastructural cytopathology. | cultured post-fused human skeletal muscle monolayers exposed to wsn influenza a virus were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. at 12-14h post-inoculation (p.i.), affected mononuclear cells retracted from the cell surface, but remained anchored to the substrate by taut filar processes. retraction was accompanied by shortening of microvilli, appearance of hemispherical cytoplasmic protrusions and corrugation of the surface proper. these changes were more pronounced at 24 and ... | 1978 | 206670 |
| interferon production in children with respiratory syncytial, influenza, and parainfluenza virus infections. | to better understand the recovery process of infants with lower respiratory tract disease due to respiratory syncytial virus, the production of interferon by 129 children (ages 10 days to 24 months) with rsv infection was compared to that of 20 children with influenza (ages 1 to 36 months), and 37 children with parainfluenza virus infection (ages 4 to 66 months). interferon assays of 285 nasal washes from children with rsv revealed that interferon production occurred in only 5 (4%) of the childr ... | 1978 | 206677 |
| repertoire of antiviral antibodies expressed by somatic cell hybrids. | fusion between p3 x 63 ag8 mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with influenza type a or b or parainfluenza type 1 virus generated reproducibly antiviral antibody-producing somatic cell hybrids (hybridomas). eleven hybridomas derived from spleen cells of mice immunized with influenza type a virus were directed against the viral hemagglutinin, one reacted with a host component derived from chickens, and one expressed a specificity not further characterized. the hybridom ... | 1978 | 206903 |
| [experimental influenza caused by an incomplete form of the agent]. | incomplete form of the influenza virus obtained in accordance with nayak's method was administered intranasally to mice cba and c57bl. from the lung tissue of the infected mice the causative agent could be isolated for 45 days, and from the other internal organs--the first hours after the infection only. in morphological investigation of the lungs of animals infected with an incomplete form of the influenza virus a prevalence of the proliferative component against the background of inflammatory ... | 1978 | 207374 |
| prostaglandin restoration of the interferon response of hyporeactive animals. | virus-infected animals and those bearing various types of malignancies progressively lose the ability to respond to interferon inducers. the interferon response of virus-infected animals could be restored to normal levels when inducers were administered with certain prostaglandins. this suggests that prostaglandins may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of interferon inducers as antiviral and antineoplastic agents. | 1978 | 208154 |
| molecular events during the interaction of envelopes of myxo- and rna-tumor viruses with cell membranes. a 270 mhz h nuclear magnetic resonance study. | | 1978 | 208610 |
| effects and mechanism of the interaction between ceruloplasmin and some viruses or subviral components. | the results of investigations concerning the interaction between ceruloplasmin (a serum nonspecific inhibitor) and some myxo- and paramyxoviruses, as well as certain viruses with oncogenic potential (herpes virus, sv--40) are reviewed. the data presented point out the inhibiting action of ceruloplasmin on virus multiplication and the ceruloplasmin-induced modification in the antigenicity of sendai virus and subviral fractions. the stages and mechanisms of ceruloplasmin action are discussed. | 1978 | 209616 |
| [immunogenic study of killed influenza vaccine purified and concentrated by a chromatographic method on silicate sorbents. i. the immunogenic properties of a vaccine from the a/victoria/72 strain]. | | 1976 | 210537 |
| [immunogenic study of killed influenza vaccine purified and concentrated by a chromatographic method on silica sorbents. ii. the immunogenic properties of a vaccine from the a/scotland/74 strain]. | | 1976 | 210538 |
| [characteristics of the chromatographic purification of influenza viruses on porous silicate sorbents]. | | 1976 | 210541 |
| [control of killed influenza vaccine purified and concentrated on silicate sorbents]. | | 1976 | 210542 |
| immunization against swine influenza in the yale university community. | | 1978 | 210597 |
| overview and horizons in prevention of some human infectious diseases by vaccination. | the present measles problem in the united states, an estimated 918,500 cases in 1977, is attributed to the failure of the 14-year vaccination program to immunize enough children to prevent continued circulation of the virus and recurrent outbreaks. a new strategy for rapidly overcoming this problem is recommended. there appears to be no current congenital rubella syndrome problem against which the rubella vaccination program in the united states is directed. however, the continued annual infecti ... | 1978 | 210652 |
| derivatized silica spheres as immunospecific markers for high resolution labeling in electron microscopy. | for high resolution labeling of influenza virus cell surface antigens on hela cells, an immunospecific marker is used with silica sphere cores of 13--14 nm average diameter. these markers are formed using commercially available silica sphere sols. two other size ranges are available, 7--8 nm and 22--25 nm. the steps for chemical derivatization are described in detail. amino and aldehyde functions are covalently introduced onto the sphere surface. sols of these derivatized silica spheres (dss) ar ... | 1978 | 211138 |
| metabolism of myoinositol in avian and mammalian cells infected with naked and enveloped dna and rna viruses. | the uptake of 3h-inositol into the pool of free inositol and its incorporation into the lipid phosphatidylinositol have been studied in various avian and mammalian cells infected by different viruses. in all the virus-cell systems investigated, virus infection results in a drastically reduced amount of free 3h-inositol about 3 to 5 h post-infection, demonstrable in the infected cells as compared to the mock-infected controls. in contrast, the incorporation of 3h-inositol into lipid can be enhanc ... | 1978 | 211191 |
| [influenza - a more than 1000-year-old historic event]. | | 1978 | 211331 |
| properties of the erythrocyte receptors for influenza c virus. | properties of the receptor for influenza c virus were studied. although the receptor for influenza c virus on chicken erythrocytes was destroyed by the homologous virion, neuraminidase activity could not be detected in any of the influenza c virus strains tested. the receptor activity of chicken erythrocytes for influenza c virus was diminished by formaldehyde treatment but not by periodate oxidation. there was a considerable variation in the pattern and the titer of hemagglutination of influenz ... | 1978 | 211399 |
| [outbreak of equine influenza caused by influenza virus a/equi 1 in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil]. | | 1978 | 211560 |
| further investigations on the antioncogenic activity of a/pr8/34 (hon1)- influenza virus on polyoma virus induced tumors in newborn wistar rats. | the oncogenic activity of polyoma virus in newborn wistar rats can be significantly reduced by simultaneous vaccination with the a/pr8/34 (hon1) strain of influenza virus. the antioncogenic activity (aoa) of influenza virus suspensions was neutralized by the addition of homologous influenza antibodies, indicating that aoa was due to influenza virus and not to any non-viral material possibly present. the aoa of influenza virus was found to decline with storage at 4 degrees c and to depend critica ... | 1978 | 211752 |
| the effect of cyclic nucleotides on virus infection. | the yield of influenza virus from infected primary chick kidney cells (pckc) was enhanced by treatment with dcamp. in addition, rapid serial passages of the virus in treated chick cells at low multiplicities did also exhibit maintenance of high virus titers. the action of dcamp upon viral replication could be reproduced in the chick cells by treatment with various agents known to increase intracellular camp levels by differing mechanisms. furthermore, an adrenergic component in the activation of ... | 1977 | 212982 |
| enhanced susceptibility of virus-infected fibroblasts to cytostasis mediated by peritoneal exudate cells. | | 1978 | 213488 |
| [purification of equine influenza virus a/equi-2/w/9/69 by the sucrose step density gradient ultracentrifugation]. | | 1978 | 213662 |
| [antiviral action of carminomycin and some of its derivatives]. | carminomycin was shown to inhibit the development of both the dna-containing variolovaccine virus and the rna-containing grippe virus in chick embryos. comparison of the effects of rubomycin, carminomycin, 14-oxy-carminomycin and carminomycin complex with bovine serum albumin in experiments with chick embryos showed that the inhibitory effect of carminomycin and its derivatives on the development of the grippe virus was much higher than that of rubomycin. the carminomycin derivatives proved to b ... | 1978 | 214027 |
| augmented immunogenicity of tumor cell membranes produced by infection with influenza virus as compared to moloney sarcoma virus. | the tumor-associated transplantation antigens (tata) of crude membrane extracts from sv40-transformed balb/3t3 tumor cells lytically infected with influenza virus were markedly more immunogenic than were extracts from uninfected cells measured either by the ability to induce heightened resistance to tumorgraft challenge or by heightened lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells in vitro. when intact tumor cells (as opposed to membrane extracts) were productively infected with moloney ... | 1978 | 214226 |
| specific adsorption of h-2-restricted cytotoxi t cells to macrophage monolayers. | these experiments tested whether tc cells specific for foreign antigen (x) plus self h-2 adsorbed to macrophage monolayers displaying (a) x with allogeneic h-2; (b) self h-2 alone; (c) x plus self h-2. specific adsorption occurred only in case (c), a result compatible with altered self and requiring further operational assumptions in dual recognition models. | 1978 | 214513 |
| [immune response of pigs to aujeszky disease virus and swine influenza virus]. | explored was the possibility of simultaneous vaccination of pigs against the aujeszky's disease virus and the swine influenza virus. used were strain mk-25 against the former and strain 3sb against the latter. it was found that at the simultaneous subcutaneous or oral treatment with the two antigens equally effective immunity was built as in the case of vaccination with each one of them used alone. no antagonism was established between the two antigens during the time of immunity building in the ... | 1978 | 214936 |
| factors associated with utilization of the swine flu vaccination program among senior citizens in tompkins county. | the health belief model is tested in the context of the swine flu vaccination program for senior citizens. analysis is based on 232 responses to a questionnaire mailed to a simple random sample of 500 senior citizens in tompkins county, new york. social and psychologic variables identified by the model as important in determining utilization of preventive health services are: perceived susceptibility and severity of disease, perceived efficacy and danger associated with the preventive action, an ... | 1979 | 215853 |
| administrative costs of the influenza control program of 1976--1977 in illinois. | in 1976, many resources of state and local agencies were devoted to planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating the influenza immunization program. the costs included salaries and other expenses of specifically employed personnel; diversion of the time of others from their usual responsibilities; and donated resources. they were assessed retrospectively and reported by responsible local agency personnel on a questionnaire. costs of donated services and other resources were estimated based ... | 1979 | 215854 |