| hep-2 cell- and herpes simplex virus type 1- induced deoxythymidine kinases: inhibition by derivatives of 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine. | 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (f(3)thd), its free base and nucleotide triphosphate derivative, along with the nucleotide monophosphate and nucleotide triphosphate of deoxythymidine (dthd), were investigated as inhibitors of hep-2 cell deoxythymidine kinase (dtk) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-induced dtk. 5-trifluoromethyluracil did not inhibit cellular or viral dtk. f(3)dthd competitively inhibited phosphorylation of dthd by both the hep-2 cell- and the hsv-1-induced dtk. the k(map ... | 1978 | 213016 |
| restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of herpes simplex virus dna: a novel epidemiological tool applied to a nosocomial outbreak. | in a blind study, 14 isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) that included nine isolates from a temporal cluster of hsv infections in a hospital pediatric intensive care unit and five unrelated isolates were analyzed by digestion of their dna with four restriction endonucleases. these enzymes (hsui, bglii, ecori, and hpai) cleave the dna in about 52 sites. to date, at least 16 sites have been found to be variable in the sense that they may be present or absent independently of any other ... | 1978 | 213496 |
| some structural antigens of herpes simplex virus type 1. | several of the major structural polypeptides of herpes simplex virus were obtained in purified form by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified virus particle polypeptides. antisera made by footpad inoculation of these polypeptides into rabbits were used to study the antigenic properties of two envelope glycoproteins and of the major capsid protein. | 1975 | 213527 |
| marker rescue of temperature-sensitive mutants by defective dna of herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1978 | 213880 |
| physical mapping of temperature-sensitive mutations of herpes simplex virus type 1 by intertypic marker rescue. | | 1978 | 213887 |
| a herpes simplex virus 1 integration site in the mouse genome defined by somatic cell genetic analysis. | transfection experiments with hsv 1 in which one uses herpes simplex virus (hsv) thymidine kinase (tk) as a selectable prototrophic marker yield two classes of transformed cells: stable and unstable. in this report, we test the hypothesis that the stability phenotype can be explained by virus genome integration into a recipient cell chromosome. the method of analysis is by means of somatic cell genetics. we have isolated a series of microcell hybrids between a tk- chinese hamster cell line and a ... | 1978 | 214240 |
| antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in india. | antibody activity to herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) and type-2 (hsv-2) was measured by the indirect hemagglutination (iha) test in sera from 124 women with squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 46 women with non-cervical cancer and 116 matched normal women. the type-specific antibodies were assayed by iha inhibition test. the proportion of cervical cancer cases positive for hsv-2 infection was significantly greater than that of non-cervical cancer cases and matched control women. n ... | 1978 | 214407 |
| synthesis of herpes simplex virus dna in preparations of chromatin from infected cell nuclei. | chromatin prepared from cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 can synthesize both virus and cell dna in vitro. the rate of synthesis is comparable to that of isolated whole nuclei. incorporation is limited, and both cell and virus dna synthesis are sensitive to the presence of virus-specific antiserum and phosphonoacetate. in chromatin from cells infected with a phosphonoacetate resistant virus mutant, both types of dna synthesis are resistant to the presence of the inhibitor ... | 1978 | 214524 |
| synthesis and biological activities of some uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of pyrimidine nucleosides. | the 5'-hydroxymethylene function of several uracil and cytosine nucleosides has been modified to produce a variety of uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of 2'-deoxy-beta-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl- and beta-d-arabino-pentofuranosylpyrimidines. in addition, the 5 position in many of these nucleosides has been substituted by a halogen atom. twenty-one of the 35 compounds synthesized and examined for biological activity have not been previously reported. the purity of the products ... | 1978 | 214555 |
| recombinants between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2: analyses of genome structures and expression of immediate early polypeptides. | recombinants between temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) were constructed. using restriction endonucleases, we analyzed the genome composition of 17 intertypic recombinants and detected crossovers in every region of the genome. the virion dna of one recombinant appeared to be largely "frozen" in two of the four possible genome arrangements of hsv. knowledge of the genome structures of recombinants enabled us to physically map immediate early polype ... | 1978 | 214575 |
| physical mapping of herpes simplex virus-induced polypeptides. | analysis of the polypeptides induced by 29 herpes simplex virus type 1/type 2 intertypic recombinants and correlation of the data with the crossover points in the recombinant dnas have enabled the map positions of many polypeptides to be deduced. these include 25 polypeptides which label with [35s]methionine, 11 which label with [32p]orthophosphate, and 4 which label with [14c]glucosamine. together with the data of preston et al. (j. virol., in press) on the mapping of five immediate-early polyp ... | 1978 | 214583 |
| enhanced plating efficiency of herpesvirus dna on herpes simplex virus type 1 dna-transformed cells. | partial resistance of hamster cells transformed by sheared herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna to superinfection by intact hsv could be overcome by transfection with viral dna's. hsv dna plated more efficiently on hsv type 1 dna-transformed hamster cells than on spontaneously transformed hamster or rabbit cells or on hamster cells transformed by other dna viruses. | 1979 | 214606 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 defective in transcriptional and post-transcriptional functions required for viral dna synthesis. | | 1978 | 214940 |
| effect of treatment with 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine on herpes simplex virus encephalitis in normal and immunosuppressed mice. | 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5-ethyl-durd), an analog of thymidine, was evaluated for its capacity to inhibit herpes simplex virus (hsv) replication in vitro and in vivo. the 50% effective dose concentration of 5-ethyl-durd for hsv types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) cultured in vero cells was 6 and 9 mug/ml, respectively. levels of 5-ethyl-durd 14-fold in excess of the 50% effective dose for hsv-1 did not inhibit the formation of confluent monolayers by vero cells, suggesting that the compound was not cyt ... | 1978 | 215081 |
| transformation of hamster embryo fibroblasts by a specific fragment of the herpes simplex virus genome. | isolated restriction endonuclease fragments of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genome were introduced into hamster embryo cells to identify dna sequences capable to transforming the cells with respect to acquisition of properties correlated with tumorigenicity. one of the fragments generated by cleavage of hsv-1 dna with the restriction endonuclease xba i was found to induce transformation at a frequency of about 10 colonies per quantity of fragment recovered from 1 microgram of uncut dn ... | 1978 | 215318 |
| lymphocyte stimulation by herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigens. 1. culture conditions, cell fractionation and presentation of hsv antigens. | optimal culture conditions for rabbit lymphocytes were established. inclusion of 2-mercaptoethanol in the medium greatly enhanced responses. lymphocytes from the blood of hsv-immunized rabbits responded specifically in vitro to heat-killed (56 degree, 60 min) or uv-inactivated hsv preparations. a uv dose of 13,392 ergs/mm2 was the most suitable inactivating dose. oral intramucosal injection was the most effective way of generating blood lymphocyte responses to hsv, but animals immunized in trade ... | 1977 | 216529 |
| herpetic whitlow. | three patients with herpetic whitlow are presented. virus typing revealed herpes simplex virus type 1 in two and type 2 in one of the cases. there is a high risk of infection among medical personnel. | 1979 | 216646 |
| characterization of transcription-deficient temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1978 | 217153 |
| polyamine turnover and leakage during infection of hela and l-cells with herpes simplex virus type 1. | | 1978 | 217159 |
| host defenses in herpes simplex infections of the nervous system: effect of antibody on disease and viral spread. | balb/c mice passively immunized with antibody to herpes simplex virus type 1 and challenged in the footpad with 10(5.7) plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus type 1 were shown to be protected from neurological disease and death compared with control mice treated with normal serum or antibody to sindbis virus. one hundred percent of untreated mice had virus recoverable from dorsal root ganglia by 48 h after infection. whereas amputation of the infected limb at 48 h had no effect, antibody ... | 1979 | 217828 |
| replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in macrophages from resistant and susceptible mice. | studies were carried out to determine whether the in vitro capacity of adherent peritoneal cells to replicate herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) might correlate with the in vivo susceptibility of mice genetically resistant, moderately susceptible, or very susceptible to hsv-1 infection. unstimulated and proteose peptone-stimulated monolayers restricted viral replication when infected immediately, but replicated hsv-1 when infected after 3 to 7 days of culture. macrophages from resistant c57bl/6 ... | 1979 | 217830 |
| effect of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection on the cellular dna polymerase activities of mouse cell cultures. | thymidine kinase-deficient mouse cell cultures infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 exhibited a maximum of virus dna synthesis around 8 h post-infection as determined by pulse labelling with 3h-thymidine. cellular dna synthesis was progressively inhibited, but still appreciable until 8 h post-infection and not completely abolished at any time during the infectious cycle. phosphonoacetic acid was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of virus dna synthesis only when added to infected ... | 1978 | 217947 |
| replication of animal viruses in differentiating muscle cells: vaccinia and herpes simplex virus type 1. | cells cultured from the breast muscles of 11 to 12-day-old chick embryos were infected in the undifferentiated mitotic myoblast stage or in the terminally differentiated non-mitotic myotube stage with one of two dna viruses, vaccinia and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). dna synthesis was measured and production ov virus-specific dna detected in cells infected as myoblasts or myotubes by isotope labelling, autoradiographic and buoyant density centrifugation techniques. furthermore, fully fuse ... | 1978 | 217953 |
| nucleosides. 110. synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of some 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyarabinofuranosylpyrimidine nucleosides. | a series of 5-substituted 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)cytosines 7a-d and their corresponding uracils 9a-d,f were prepared by condensation of 3-o-acetyl-5-o-benzoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-arabinosyl bromide (5) with appropriately trimethylsilylated pyrimidines followed by saponification of the protected nucleosides 6 or 8. 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (7e) was obtained by iodination of 7a. iodination of 8a followed by removal of the protecting acyl-prote ... | 1979 | 218006 |
| transfection of human lymphoblastoid cells with herpes simplex viral dna. | the "calcium/dimethyl sulfoxide shock" method of transfection was adapted for use in human lymphoid cell cultures. one microgram of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna regularly initiated virus replication in four lymphoblastoid cell lines. per 10(5) cells exposed to 1 microgram of dna, 0.5--5 cells formed an infectious center. the minimal infective dose of dna was approximately 500 ng. | 1979 | 218224 |
| lethal herpes simplex virus type 1 hepatitis in a normal adult. | a fatal case of human herpes simplex type 1 hepatitis is presented and compared with cases previously reported. the patient presented with fulminant hepatic necrosis, coagulopathy, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and absence of typical herpetic mucocutaneous lesions. liver biopsy helped to establish a presumptive diagnosis in this patient and in one previously reported case. theoretically, early diagnosis might enable application of specific antiviral therapy in future cases of this usually fatal ... | 1979 | 218866 |
| reduction of 51cr-permeability of tissue culture cells by infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. | infection of different strains of tissue culture cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) resulted in a reduced 51cr-permeability. a stability of the cellular membrane to triton x-100, toxic sera and hsv-specific complement-mediated immune-cytolysis could be observed simultaneously. the results differed with respect to the cell strain used in the experiments. | 1979 | 218898 |
| antiherpesvirus activity in human sera and urines after administration of adenine arabinoside: in vitro and in vivo synergy of adenine arabinoside and arabinosylhypoxanthine in combination. | the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of adenine arabinoside (ara-a) in rabbit kidney microtiter tissue cultures (rk-13) to a prototype strain of herpes simplex virus, type 1 (e115) based upon inhibition of cytopathic effects is 1.5 mug/ml. in this system, the mic of arabinosylhypoxanthine (ara-hx), the major in vivo metabolic derivative of ara-a, is 75 mug/ml. inhibition of cytopathic effects of herpes simplex virus, type 1 (hsv-1) in microtiter wells of rk-13 cells varies directly with th ... | 1978 | 219024 |
| herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in organotypic cultures of mouse central and peripheral nervous system. 2. electron microscopic observations of myelin degeneration. | organotypic cultures of mouse spinal cord with attached dorsal root ganglia, which contain both central and peripheral myelin in the one unit of tissue, were infected with hsv 1 or hsv 2 and studied using electron microscopy. intranuclear viral nucleocapsids and intracytoplasmic enveloped particles were found in the schwann cells associated with peripheral myelin and in oligodendroglia associated with central myelin. degeneration of peripheral myelin most commonly involved an asymmetrical swelli ... | 1979 | 219153 |
| control of herpes simplex virus type 1 mrna synthesis in cells infected with wild-type virus or the temperature-sensitive mutant tsk. | this paper deals with control of mrna levels, assayed by in vitro translation, in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). a particularly useful marker has been pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase (dpyk) mrna, for which the enzymatically active product can be assayed quantitatively. cells infected with the hsv-1 temperature-sensitive mutant tsk at the nonpermissive temperature (38.5 degrees c) or with wild-type hsv-1 in the continuous presence of cycloheximide contained no dete ... | 1979 | 219222 |
| persistence of herpes simplex virus type 1 in rat neurotumor cells. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection of a rat central nervous system tumor cell line led to almost complete destruction of the cells. cells that survived the infection could be isolated and shown to produce infectious hsv particles for variable lengths of time in culture ranging from 20 to 57 passages. even though infectious virus production eventually ceased, the cell lines continued to produce herpes-specified proteins as measured by immunological techniques. these cells also showed h ... | 1979 | 219234 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 angelotti and a defective viral genotype: analysis of genome structures and genetic relatedness by dna-dna reassociation kinetics. | dna-dna reassociation kinetics of herpes simplex virus type 1 angelotti dna and a class of defective viral dna revealed that the viral standard genome has a total sequence complexity of about 93 x 10(6) daltons and that a portion of 11 x 10(6) daltons occurs twice on the viral genome. these results agree with structural features of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna derived from electron microscopic studies and restriction enzyme analyses by several investigators. the defective viral dna (molecular ... | 1979 | 219238 |
| molecular genetics of herpes simplex virus. ii. mapping of the major viral glycoproteins and of the genetic loci specifying the social behavior of infected cells. | we have mapped the location in herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna of (i) three mutations at different loci (syn loci) which alter the social behavior of infected cells from clumping of rounded cells to polykaryocytosis, (ii) a mutation which determines the accumulation of one major glycoprotein [vp8.0(c(2))], and (iii) the sequences encoding four major virus glycoproteins [vp8.0(c(2)), vp7(b(2)), vp8.5(a), and vp19e(d(2))]. the experimental design and results were as follows. (i) analysis of hsv-1 x ... | 1979 | 219254 |
| anatomy of herpes simplex virus dna. xi. apparent clustering of functions effecting rapid inhibition of host dna and protein synthesis. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strains inhibit the synthesis of both dna and protein of the host cell more rapidly than hsv-1 strains. several intertypic hsv-1 x hsv-2 recombinants and parental strains were examined for their ability to inhibit rapidly the synthesis of host protein and dna. the two functions cosegregated in all of eight recombinants tested and are therefore controlled by the same gene or by different genes in the same region of the viral dna. | 1979 | 219262 |
| [comparative study of the effectiveness of the purification and concentration of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2]. | the results of comparative studies on concentration and purification of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) by ficol density gradient centrifugation are presented. a two-phase distribution of extracellular hsv was established in phycol density gradient centrifugation: in zones with density of 1.110-1.114 and 1.088-1.085 g/ml. the effectiveness of purification of hsv preparations recovered from the corresponding gradient zones was determined by electron microscopy and quantit ... | 1979 | 219611 |
| persistence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in infected individuals. | during a 23-month period, 18 patients with facial or genital herpetic lesions were examined; culture specimens from each patient were obtained three times per week for virologic studies. the isolated viruses were identified, and the average duration of herpesvirus in lesions was determined. herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was isolated from facial lesions for a mean duration of 3 1/2 days. in contrast, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was isolated from genital lesions for a mean duration o ... | 1979 | 219784 |
| evaluation of indirect hemagglutination and its inhibition in the differentiation between antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 for seroepidemiologic studies: use of a ii/i index threshold of 85 and an assay of type-specific antibodies. | two parameters, a ii/i index threshold value of 85 and an assay of type-specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), were assessed, for seroepidemiologic purposes, for their efficacy in the establishment of past infections with hsv-1 and hsv-2 as indicated by the results of tests for indirect hemagglutination and its inhibition. neither criterion alone established past infection with either hsv-1 or hsv-2. however, by combination of the two parameters, antibodie ... | 1979 | 220339 |
| neonatal herpes simplex infection possibly acquired via maternal breast milk. | a newborn infant with disseminated herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection was determined serologically to have acquired the infection postnatally; his mother was found to have hsv-1 in her breast milk but had no history of genital lesions and negative viral cultures of cervix, vagina, and throat. we suggest that hsv-infected maternal breast milk may be a source of this infection for susceptible infants. | 1979 | 220584 |
| transcription of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna by eukaryotic and prokaryotic rna polymerases: size and sequence analysis of rna. | | 1979 | 220787 |
| physical mapping of herpes simplex virus-coded functions and polypeptides by marker rescue and analysis of hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants. | a number of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants and one pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase-deficient mutant of herpes simplex virus (hsv), have been located on the physical map of the genome by means of marker rescue experiments and by the analysis of the crossover points in intertypic recombinants between hsv types 1 and 2. the physical map is compared to the genetic map and certain anomalies identified. analysis of infected-cell polypeptides specified by intertypic recombinants has allowed t ... | 1978 | 221322 |
| annealing of alkali-resistant hsv dna strands and isolation of s and l components. | dna isolated from highly purified virions of herpes simplex virus type-1 (hf strain) was denatured by centrifugation in alkaline sucrose gradients. dna molecules corresponding to intact single-stranded virion dna (50 x 10(6) daltons) were isolated and adjusted to neutral ph. the dna was annealed under conditions permitting reassociation of intact single-stranded molecules and studied by electron microscopy. three classes of dna molecules showing double-stranded sequences were observed: (a) fully ... | 1978 | 221326 |
| human herpesvirus 1 as a model of regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular metabolism: a review. | | 1978 | 221332 |
| regulation of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna synthesis: temperature-shift studies with dna-negative temperature-sensitive mutants. | the regulation of expression of viral genes involved in the synthesis of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna was studied using three dna- temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants (b, c, and d). these mutants were examined for their ability to synthesized viral dna and polypeptides following temperature shift-down in the presence or absence of the transcription inhibitor actinomycin d. the results demonstrated that the b gene product is required transiently early in infection and apparently controls a tran ... | 1978 | 221333 |
| virus transcript mapping studies in cells infected with temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simples virus type 1. | nuclear and cytoplastic transcripts, synthesized in cells infected with six dna-negative temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of hsv-1 (ts b, ts d, ts e, ts k, ts s and ts t) under non-permissive conditions, were isolated and hybridized to unlabelled fragments of hsv-1 dna, generated by restriction endonuclease digestion and immobilized on to nitrocellulose membranes by the method of southern (1975). in this way it has been possible to map those regions of the hsv-1 genome represented by stable tr ... | 1978 | 221335 |
| location of non-temperature-sensitive genes on the genetic map of herpes simplex virus type 1. | by constructing crosses involving the genes coding for the enzyme deoxypyrimidine kinase and for resistance to the drug phosphonoacetic acid, it has been possible both to extend the genetic analysis of hsv-1 such that the eight possible progeny genotypes which arise from a three-factor cross can be identified and also to precisely locate the gene for the plaque-morphology marker syn, the gene for deoxypyrimidine kinase dpyk and the gene for resistance to phosphonoacetic acid paar. | 1978 | 221337 |
| the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1: cell-free protein synthesis and substrate specificity studies. | the hsv thymidine kinase genetic system has a number of advantages for the study of virus and cell genetics. both forward and reverse mutants are readily selected. the enzyme can be assayed directly in the presence of the cell tk by the choice of the appropriate substrate, for example, 125idc. the gene product, hsv tk, can be identified by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mutants can be found with alterations in the electrophoretogram. the in vitro synthesis of hsv tk in response to hs ... | 1978 | 221338 |
| effect of cyclic nucleotides on the response of cells to infection by various herpesviruses. | the effect of varying the intracellular cyclic nucleotide concentration of mouse cells infected with hsv-1 or of duck embryo fibroblasts infected with marek's disease virus has been studied. it has been shown in each case that agents that elevate the intracellular camp levels increase the yield of infectious virus or viral dna, but inhibit cell division. cgmp enhances synthesis of viral dna but allows continued synthesis of cell dna. | 1978 | 221343 |
| the use of intertypic recombinants for analysis of gene organization in herpes simplex virus. | analysis of the dna sequence arrangement and polypeptides specified by 28 hsv-1 x hsv-2 recombinants show the following: (i) recombinants with heterogeneous l and s components or with heterogenous inverted repeats are viable. (ii) hsv-1 and hsv-2 genes appear to be functionally equivalent and with few exceptions co-linearly arranged. co-linear dna maps have been established. (iii) at most two arrangements of hsv dna are capable of replication. this is consistant with current studies suggesting t ... | 1978 | 221347 |
| mapping of the herpes simplex virus dna sequences in three herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-transformed cell lines. | we have made use of a novel filter hybridization approach in order to map the herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna sequences which are present in three hsv thymidine kinase (tk)-transformed cell lines. the cell line 33a+ which was produced by infection of 3t3 tk- cells with uv-irradiated hsv-2 (333) was found to contain one contiguous stretch of viral dna sequences which maps between 0.15 and 0.57 on the hsv-2 genome. the sequences mapping from 0.31 to 0.37 were present in 3--4-fold higher abundance t ... | 1978 | 221351 |
| enhanced efficiency of transfection of hsv dna in hsv-1 dna-transformed hamster cells. | the efficiency of transfection, i.e., the number of plaques per microgram of dna, was compared for herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2, and herpesvirus eidolon (antigenically unrelated to hsv) dnas in hsv dna-transformed cells (eh/a44) and control hamster cells (eht). the efficiency of transfection of hsv-1 and hsv-2 dnas was significantly higher in eh/a44 cells than in eht cells, showing that an early step in hsv infection was involved in the partial resistance of hsv dna-transformed c ... | 1978 | 221357 |
| the dna of serially passaged herpes simplex virus: organization, origin, and homology to viral rna. | high-density dna prepared from serially passaged herpes simplex virus contains three major classes of modified viral dna molecules. the altered dna molecules are composed of multiple repetitions of sequences derived from the right-hand side of the s region of the parental plaque-purified viral dna. the repeat units contained in the three types of high-density dna share most of their dna sequences but differ with respect to a small region derived from the unique sequences of the s component of hs ... | 1978 | 221364 |
| inhibition of the multiplication of herpes simplex virus by aliphatic nitrosamines. | non-toxic doses of dimethylnitrosamine and diethylnitrosamine inhibit the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in hep-2, wi-38 and primary hek cells. these results are somewhat unexpected, since both hep-2 and wi-38 cells lack detectable microsomal enzyme activity. the possible significance of the preliminary results is discussed. | 1978 | 221368 |
| herpes simplex virus vaccine: protection from stomatitis, ganglionitis, encephalitis and latency. | a mouse model system was developed for studying the pathogenesis of oral infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and the protection offered by prior immunization with a nucleic acid-free vaccine. of non-immunized mice, 95-100% developed ulcerative lesions 3-5 days following application of virus to abraded oral epithelial surfaces. infection of the ipsilateral sensory (trigeminal) ganglion and the cerebellum occurred by day 2 and sequentially progressed to the contralateral ganglion by day 4 a ... | 1978 | 221370 |
| interferon in the replication of herpes simplex virus in normal and pathological nerve cells. | previous results obtained in experimental and clinical trials have demonstrated that topical combined thrapy with human interferon (hi) and human colostral secretory immunoglobulin a (s-iga) is effective against herpetic corneal infection. this therapy prevented encephalitis in rabbits but could not completely prevent recurrences either in rabbits or in patients. a number of in vitro studies were designed to elucidate the role of these factors in herpes simplex virus replication in the nervous s ... | 1978 | 221373 |
| differences in susceptibility to herpes simplex virus infection of inbred strains of mice. | marked differences were observed between the susceptibility of adult c57bl/6 and dba/2 mice to infection with hsv-1. these differences were seen after various infection schedules but were most marked after i.p. infection. a significant difference between the ld50 after i.p. infection was also observed between lps-resistant c3h/hej and the closely related lps-sensitive c3heb/fej mice. injection of lps significantly increased the ld50 after i.p. infection with hsv in c57bl/6 or c3h/hej mice but no ... | 1978 | 221403 |
| adeno-associated virus dna replication complexes in herpes simplex virus or adenovirus-infected cells. | a complex which is active in in vitro synthesis of adeno-associated virus (aav) dna was solubilized from vero cells that were co-infected with aav and either adenovirus (ad5) or a herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) as the helper virus. the complexes from the ad5 and hsv-1-infected cells sedimented at 23 s and 28 s, respectively. the optimal conditions for in vitro dna synthesis for the two types of complex using the endogenous aav template and the endogenous dna polymerase, differed with respec ... | 1979 | 221504 |
| structure and origin of defective genomes contained in serially passaged herpes simplex virus type 1 (justin). | restriction enzyme and hybridization analyses have revealed that high-density dna prepared from passage 15 of serially passaged herpes simplex virus type 1 (justin) contains three major classes of modified viral dna molecules, each composed of distinct but closely related types of repeate units. the dna sequences within the three types of repeat units are colinear with the dna sequences located at the right end (between coordinates 0.94 and 1.0) of the parental herpes simplex virus type 1 genome ... | 1979 | 221666 |
| membrane proteins specified by herpes simplex viruses. iii. role of glycoprotein vp7(b2) in virion infectivity. | experiments done with a temperature"sensitive mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) have revealed that one of the virisn glycoproteins, designated vp7(b2), is apparently not required for the production of enveloped virus particles, whereas it does play a critical role in virion infectivity. the mutant, designated hsv-1[hfem]tsb5, fails to accumulate vp7(b2) at nonpermissive temperature and produces virions that lack detectable quantities of this glycoprotein and that have very low specif ... | 1979 | 221669 |
| origin of two different classes of defective hsv-1 angelotti dna. | during serial passages of herpes simplex virus (hsv) at high multiplicity of infection, virions containing defective viral dna accumulate in the progeny. the defective dna molecules are made up by repeats of restricted portions of the standard viral genome. two different classes of defective dna derived from hsv-1 angelotti (ang) in independent series of high moi-passages were studied. the nucleotide sequences contained in the defective dna were localized on the parental viral genome. one of the ... | 1979 | 221886 |
| vaccinia virus replication requires active participation of the host cell transcriptional apparatus. | the ability of vaccinia virus to replicate in bsc-40 monkey cells whose nuclei have been functionally inactivated was examined. exposure of cell monolayers to ultraviolet radiation at doses that did not alter the cells' capacity to support a subsequent infection by a cytoplasmic virus (vesicular stomatitis virus) caused a reduction to less than 10% in the observed yield of infectious progeny from vaccinia virus and herpes simplex virus (type 1) infections. similarly, replication of vaccinia vir ... | 1979 | 221909 |
| detection by complementation of defective or uninducible (herpes simplex type 1) virus genomes latent in human ganglia. | reconstruction experiments have shown that temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)(glasgow strain 17) grow, complement, and recombine with similar efficiency in human nerve ganglion cells, human brain cells, normal human fibroblasts (wi38), and baby hamster kidney (bhk) 21/c13 hamster cells. cultures of human trigeminal, superior cervical, and vagus ganglia that had failed to release herpes simplex virus spontaneously were superinfected with a range of ts mutant ... | 1979 | 221922 |
| viral nucleic acid synthesis in hsv infected neural cells. | hsv-1 replication and synthesis of viral dna and rna have been examined in gliomas of human (cox) and rat origin (c6) and in mouse neuroblastomas (d2). cox cells fully support hsv-1 replication and show patterns of viral dna and rna synthesis similar to those seen in continuous line cells. hsv-1 also grows to high titers in d2 cells but without concomitant high levels of viral dna and rna synthesis in the infected cells. finally, hsv-1 established a persistent infection in c6 cells. viral mrna a ... | 1979 | 222245 |
| persistence, reactivation, and cell transformation by human herpeviruses: herpes simplex 1, 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv), varicella-zoster (vzv), epstein-barr virus (ebv). | | 1979 | 222414 |
| thin-layer immunoassay for determination of antibodies to herpes simplex virus. | thin-layer immunoassay (tia) is a simple serological technique suitable for analysis of large numbers of samples. in this study, tia was evaluated for determination of antibodies to herpes simplex virus. herpes simplex virus antigen used in tia was purified from material released from virus-infected cells. the results obtained by tia were compared with those obtained by neutralization and complement fixation tests. tia was found to be as sensitive as the neutralization test for demonstration of ... | 1979 | 222798 |
| herpes virus infection as a cofactor in carcinogenesis: supernatants of herpes virus type 1- and type 2-infected cell cultures contain a cell growth-stimulating factor. | some cell cultures synthesize a mitogenic factor (dnasf) following their lytic infection with either hsv-1 or hsv-2 which is shed into the medium. of six cell lines permissive to hsv infection tested, three produce dnasf (cv1, hf, mca) and a significantly higher (3h)-tdr incorporation was obtained with indicator cells growing in supernatants of virus-infected cells (supv+) than in the corresponding supernatants of sham-treated cells (supv-). sometimes the values obtained with supv+ exceed those ... | 1979 | 223098 |
| (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a potent and selective anti-herpes agent. | of a series of five newly synthesized 2'-deoxyuridine derivatives, including 5-vinyl-durd, 5-ethynyl-durd, 5-(1-chlorovinyl)-durd, (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-durd, and (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-durd, the last two compounds were found to exert a marked inhibitory effect on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 [id50 (mean inhibitory dose), 0.004-0.02 microgram/ml]. both (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-durd and (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-durd were highly selective in their anti-herpes activity in that they did not aff ... | 1979 | 223163 |
| association of herpes simplex virus (hsv) with cervical cancer by lymphocyte reactivity with hsv-1 and hsv-2 antigens. | twenty-six women with invasive cervical cancer were examined for lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (pha) herpes simplex virus (hsv). blood specimens were obtained from each patient before radiation therapy and separated into subpopulations by ficoll-hypaque centrifugation. lymphocytes were cultured in rpmi-1640 containing autologous plasma and exposed to pha, hsv-1, hsv-2, and control antigens. the results compared with those of women having negative papanicolaou smears and matched ... | 1979 | 223438 |
| properties of herpes simplex virus dna polymerase and characterization of its associated exonuclease activity. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna polymerase was isolated on a large-scale from african green monkey kidney cells infected with hsv type 1 (hsv-1) strain angelotti. after dna-cellulose chromatography the enzyme showed a specific activity of 48,000 units/mg protein. three major single polypeptides with molecular weights of 144,000, 74,000 and 29,000 were copurified with the enzyme activity at the dna-cellulose ste. by its chromatographic behavior and by template studies, the hsv dna polymerase activ ... | 1979 | 223846 |
| defective reactivation of ultraviolet light-irradiated herpesvirus by a bloom's syndrome fibroblast strain. | we have used the technique of host cell reactivation of uv-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 1 as a measure of the repair capacity of three bloom's syndrome skin fibroblast strains. at low multiplicity of infection (less than 6 x 10(-4) plaque-forming unit/cell), reactivation of the virus by the bloom's syndrome strains was indistinguishable from that by normal strains. reactivation at higher multiplicities was measured using an infectious centers assay. at 3 plaque-forming units/cell, surviv ... | 1979 | 225021 |
| the polypeptide and the dna restriction enzyme profiles of spontaneous isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 from explants of human trigeminal, superior cervical and vagus ganglia. | analysis of the infected cell polypeptides and the dna restriction profiles of 31 hsv-1 isolates from the trigeminal, superior cervical and vagus ganglia from 17 individuals (12 u.s.a., 2 japanese, 3 norwegian) could be classified as 15 different virus strains. with the exception of the three norwegian isolates which gave identical profiles, virus isolates from the ganglia of different individuals could all be distinguished from one another. in contrast virus isolates from the trigeminal, superi ... | 1979 | 225415 |
| phosphorylation of arabinofuranosylthymine in non-infected and herpesvirus (tk+ and tk-)-infected cells. | the phosphorylation of arabinofuranosylthymine (arathd) has been studied both in non-infected cells and in those infected with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1, lennette; hsv-1, ies and hsv-2, d-316). in these experiments, hsv strains were used which either contain (lennette, tk+ and d-316 tk+) or lack (ies, tk-) the capacity to induce pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase. it was found that extracellularly administered arathd is phosphorylated to ara ttp via aratmp and aratdp in both non-infected an ... | 1979 | 225422 |
| further characterization of herpes virus persistence. | infection of cell cultures with herpes simples virus type 1 (hsv-1) under standard culture conditions yielded persistently infected cells capable of continued growth in the presence of virus and of forming colonies in agarose. the ability of an infected culture to yield cells able to survive hsv-1 infection was directly related to the presence of s phase cells (cells actively engaged in dna synthesis) at the time of infection. only when very high multiplicities of infecting virus (greater than 1 ... | 1979 | 225430 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of isogenic epstein-barr virus genome-negative and -positive burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) genome-negative burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines bjab and ramos and their in vitro ebv-converted sublines bjab-b1, bjab-a5, bjab-b95-8, and aw-ramos were infected with high multiplicities of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1; 10 to 70 pfu/cell). cultures were monitored for cell growth and hsv-1 dna synthesis. ebv-converted bjab cultures were more permissive for hsv-1 infection than bjab cultures. significant cell killing and hsv-1 dna synthesis were observed du ... | 1979 | 225521 |
| isolation and localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 mrna. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna bound to cellulose has been used as a reagent to isolate viral mrna for size analysis on denaturing agarose gels. total viral polysomal polyadenylated rna was isolated from cells late after infection when such rna has sequences encoded by approximately 45% of the hsv dna. this rna has a size range of from 1.5 to greater than or equal to 8 kilobases, with certain sizes, such as 1.7 to 1.9 kilobases, being favored. we have used the restriction endonucleases hindiii a ... | 1979 | 225543 |
| characterization of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase (thymidine kinase) and thymidylate kinase as a multifunctional enzyme in cells transformed by herpes simplex virus type 1 and in cells infected with mutant strains of herpes simplex virus. | pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase (thymidine kinase [tk]) was purified from two herpes simplex virus type 1 (hvs-1)-transformed tk-deficient mouse (lmtk-) cell lines and from lmtk- cells infected with hsv-1 mutant viruses coding for variant tk enzymes. these preparations exhibited normal or variant virus-induced thymidylate kinase activities correlating with their relative tk activities. neither virus-induced activity was detected in lmtk- cells infected with an hsv-1 tk-deficient mutant. th ... | 1979 | 225551 |
| physical mapping of paar mutations of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 by intertypic marker rescue. | mutations (paar) in herpes simplex virus (hsv) which confer resistance to phosphonoacetic acid involve genes associated with virus-induced dna polymerase activity. two mutants of hsv (hsv-1 tsh and hsv-2 ts6) produce a thermolabile dna polymerase activity. in this study, the ts lesions present in these mutants and those present in two independent phosphonoacetic acid-resistant mutants of hsv-1 and hsv-2 (paar-1 and paar-2) have been physically mapped by restriction endonuclease analysis of recom ... | 1979 | 225553 |
| selective assay for herpes simplex viruses expressing thymidine kinase. | a technique for selecting herpes simplex viruses expressing the viral thymidine kinase (tk+) from a population of predominantly tk- viruses was developed. this was accomplished by infecting tk- cells and incubating the cultures under a liquid overlay medium containing methotrexate. since the tk- cells survive in this medium for only a limited period of time, it was necessary to add fresh uninfected tk- cells 48 h after infection. the technique allowed the detection and quantitation of the tk+ vi ... | 1979 | 225554 |
| regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. viii. the transcription program consists of three phases during which both extent of transcription and accumulation of rna in the cytoplasm are regulated. | this report concerns the stable viral rna sequences that accumulate in hep-2 cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. by hybridizing labeled total dna and restriction endonuclease dna fragments with excess unlabeled total nuclear and cytoplasmic rna, we determined the genetic complexity of the rna and we mapped the regions on the physical map of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna that are homologous to the rna. our results show the following. (i) the viral rnas accumulating in the nucleus a ... | 1979 | 225555 |
| isolation and localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 mrna abundant before viral dna synthesis. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna covalently bound to cellulose was used as a reagent to isolate viral rna transcripts for size analysis on denaturing agarose gels. nuclear and polyribosomal rna isolated at 2 h postinfection (p.i.) migrated with sizes between 1,500 and 5,500 nucleotides. at 6 h p.i. (when viral dna synthesis is underway), viral polyribosome-associated polyadenylated rna showed different discrete sizes of species predominating, with rna larger than 5,500 nucleotides clearly ... | 1979 | 225564 |
| transfer of the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene from human cells to mouse cells by means of metaphase chromosomes. | thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient human cells were infected with ultraviolet light-inactivated herpes simplex virus type 1, and "transformed" cells that expressed herpes tk activity were isolated. purified metaphase chromosomes were isolated from the transformed human line and incubated with tk-deficient mouse cells. tk+ cells were selected, and it was shown that these cells were gene transferents which expressed herpes tk activity, identical to that found in the transformed human cells. the gene ... | 1979 | 225836 |
| interaction of human lymphocytes and viruses in vitro. | interaction between phytohaemagglutinin (pha) stimulated human lymphocytes and two dna viruses (adenovirus type 5 and herpes simplex virus type 1) considered to be closely connected with lymphoid tissues has been studied. the fate of the same viruses was investigated also in non-stimulated separated lymphocytes for comparative purposes. to elicit this interaction infectivity titrations, immunofluorescent technique and electron microscopy were used. the production of viral antigens was investigat ... | 1979 | 225930 |
| involvement of eucaryotic deoxyribonucleic acid polymerases alpha and gamma in the replication of cellular and viral deoxyribonucleic acid. | in an effort to identify the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) polymerase activities responsible for mammalian viral and cellular dna replication, the effect of dna synthesis inhibitors on isolated dna polymerases was compared with their effects on viral and cellular dna replication in vitro. dna polymerase alpha, simian virus 40 (sv40) dna replication in nuclear extracts, and cv-1 cell (the host for sv40) dna replication in isolated nuclei all responded to dna synthesis inhibitors in a quantitatively ... | 1979 | 226127 |
| phosphorylation of 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5',dideoxyuridine by herpes simplex virus type 1 encoded thymidine kinase. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) encoded thymidine kinase converts 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (aidurd), a highly specific anti-herpes agent, into the 5'-diphosphate (aidudp) derivative in vitro. aidudp was identified by its acid lability, sensitivity to alkaline phosphatase hydrolysis, chromatographic behavior, and ratio of double isotope (125i, 32p) labeling. atp, but not amp, is a phosphate donor, and the direct transfer of the beta and gamma phosphate of atp as pyrophosphate to a ... | 1979 | 226542 |
| electron microscopic mapping of proteins bound to herpes simplex virus dna. | exonuclease digestion experiments have suggested that there is a protein(s) bound close to one or both ends of herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv) dna. the existence of such bound proteins has been positively demonstrated and their positions on the hsv genome determined by application of a newly developed method for electron microscopic mapping of proteins bound to nucleic acids. purified hsv dna was treated with dinitrofluorobenzene under conditions that covalently attach the dinitrophenyl (dnp) group ... | 1979 | 226938 |
| orientation of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early mrna's. | we have determined the orientation of 4 immediate early (ie) mrna's on the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome by mapping cdna's complementary to the 3'-termini of messages. these ie mrna's are transcribed by a pre-existing cell rna polymerase, and we propose a model which allows their synthesis from a circular template using a single virus promoter region. the promoter region, which is located in the two repetitive dna regions which flank the short unique region of the virus genome, may serve to ... | 1979 | 226944 |
| cloning of the active thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 in escherichia coli k-12. | a herpes simplex virus dna fragment that is produced by digestion with bamhi endonuclease and carries the thymidine kinase (tk; atp:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.21) gene has been cloned in escherichia coli. a recombinat plasmid, pfg5, has been analyzed extensively and a detailed restriction map is presented. pfg5 dna efficiently transforms tk- mouse l cells. the tk coding sequence in the cloned fragment has been localized and a smaller recombinant plasmid, pag0, also carrying an act ... | 1979 | 226978 |
| differential and selective inhibition of cellular and herpes simplex virus dna synthesis by arabinofuranosyladenine. | the influence of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (beta araado) and of its anomer 9-alpha-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (alpha araado) was studied in non-infected cells and cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv type 2 (hsv-2). alpha araado is a strong inhibitor of proliferation of non-infected cells. multiplication of hsv-1 and hsv-2 is not affected at all by alpha araado, while their growth is strongly inhibited by beta araado. alpha araado exerts no effect on the incorpor ... | 1979 | 227462 |
| natural killing of herpes simplex virus type 1-infected target cells: normal human responses and influence of antiviral antibody. | studies of a mouse model of genetic resistance to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) indicate that the marrow-dependent effector cell of allogeneic resistance plays an important role in natural resistance to this virus infection. since the marrow-dependent effector cell appears to be closely related to the natural killer (nk) cells, an nk assay with hsv-1-infected fibroblasts [nk(hsv-1)] has been developed to study this resistance mechanism in humans. incubation of effector and target cells for ... | 1979 | 227799 |
| herpes virus production as a marker of repair in ultra-violet irradiated human skin cells of different origin. | confluent cultures of human skin fibroblasts were irradiated with ultra-violet light 0 to 48 hours before infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv). the one-cycle viral yield was measured. different responses were obtained according to the origin of the host cells. (1) cells from three normal donors showed a dose-dependent recovery of hsv production during the 36--40 hours following u.v. exposure. the recovery was maximal for a dose at which a plateau level of unscheduled dna synthesis (u ... | 1979 | 227802 |
| kinetic studies of herpes simplex virus type 1-encoded thymidine and thymidylate kinase, a multifunctional enzyme. | | 1979 | 227850 |
| effect of antiviral lipids, heat, and freezing on the activity of viruses in human milk. | semliki forest virus (sfv), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), coxsackievirus b4, and cytomegalovirus (cmv) were added to human milk, which was then subjected to treatments that approximated those required for the decontamination or storage of milk. boiling was the only treatment that eliminated these viruses from the milk. pasteurization (at 62.5 c for 30 min) did destroy cmv, but the other viruses could still be detected. all of the viruses except hsv-1 were detectable after the contaminated ... | 1979 | 227969 |
| evidence for herpes simplex virus type-selective receptors on cellular plasma membranes. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) interfered with the adsorption of subsequently added homotypic but no heterotypic hsv, suggesting that the cellular receptors involved were type-selective. both infective and u.v.-irradiated virus could block the attachment of virions to cellular surface receptors. the adsorption rate was studied by assaying non-adsorbed infective virus remaining in the fluid medium and cell-associated 3h-thymidine labelled hsv, and hsv mutants assayed in presence of phosphono ... | 1979 | 227992 |
| mouse hybrid cell lines produce antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1. | a solid-phase radioimmunoassay procedure has been devised for the assay of antibodies produced in the mouse to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). it is based on the adsorption of virus to flexible micro-well plates and uses radio-iodine-labelled rabbit antibody against mouse immunoglobulin to assess antibody binding. using this assay for screening, cell hybrids have been obtained which yield monoclonal antibody to hsv-1. the hybrids are between spleen cells from hyperimmune mice and an immunog ... | 1979 | 228002 |
| induction of thymidine kinase and dnase in varicella-zoster virus-infected cells and kinetic properties of the virus-induced thymidine kinase. | thymidine kinase (tk), dna polymerase, and dnase activities were induced in human foreskin fibroblasts after varicella-zoster virus infection. the induced tk and dnase activities have electrophoretic mobilities different from the corresponding host enzymes. varicella-zoster virus-induced tk was purified and separated from the host enzyme by affinity column chromatography. this enzyme has been shown to have a broader substrate specificity with respect to either the phosphate donor or acceptor as ... | 1979 | 228052 |
| separation and characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early mrna's. | polyadenylated immediate-early transcripts of herpes simplex virus type 1, made in bhk cells infected and maintained in the presence of cycloheximide, have been separated on denaturing agarose gels containing methyl mercuric hydroxide. three virus-specific mrna bands of estimated sizes 4.7, 3.0, and 2.0 kilobases (kb) were detected, and these mrna's were mapped on the virus genome and also used to direct protein synthesis in vitro. the 4.7- and 3.0-kb mrna's hybridized predominantly to certain d ... | 1979 | 228058 |
| abnormal properties of an immediate early polypeptide in cells infected with the herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant tsk. | previous studies (r. j. watson and j. b. clements, virology 91:364--379, 1978; c. m. preston, j. virol. 29:275--284, 1979) have shown that the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) mutant tsk has a temperature-sensitive lesion in an immediate early polypeptide whose function is to induce synthesis of new viral transcripts, including mrna, for pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase. the studies presented here examine the properties of immediate early polypeptides in wild-type hsv-1 and tsk-infected ... | 1979 | 228063 |
| bami, kpni, and sali restriction enzyme maps of the dnas of herpes simplex virus strains justin and f: occurrence of heterogeneities in defined regions of the viral dna. | we present the locations of the cleavage sites for the bami, kpni, and sali restriction endonucleases within the dna molecules of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strains justin and f. these restriction enzymes cleave the hsv-1 dna at many sites, producing relatively small fragments which should prove useful in future studies of hsv-1 gene structure and function. the mapping data revealed the occurrence of heterogeneity within three regions of the viral genome including (i) the region spannin ... | 1979 | 228068 |
| dnase induced after infection of kb cells by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2. ii. characterization of an associated endonuclease activity. | purified preparations of the "exonuclease" specified by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) possess an endonuclease activity. the exonuclease and endonuclease activities copurify and cosediment in a sucrose density gradient. endonuclease activity is only observed in the presence of a divalent cation, and mg(2+) or mn(2+) is equally effective as a cofactor with an optimal concentration of 2 mm. a slight amount of endonuclease activity is observed in the presence of ca(2+), wher ... | 1979 | 228069 |
| hybrid plasmids containing an active thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus 1. | the gene for the thymidine kinase (tk) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is located in the kpni m and bamhi p fragments of the genome (wigler et al., cell 11, 223-232 (1977)). these fragments have been inserted into the ecori and bamhi sites, respectively, of plasmid pbr322, and propagated in e.coli. the tk gene contained in the recombinant plasmids was shown to be biologically active when introduced into tk- mouse l cells. detailed restriction site maps of the bamhi p fragment have been co ... | 1979 | 228250 |
| molecular genetics of herpes simplex virus: the terminal a sequences of the l and s components are obligatorily identical and constitute a part of a structural gene mapping predominantly in the s component. | in herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) dna, a small sequence, designated the a sequence, flanks the reiterated sequences at the ends of both the l and s components. the a sequence is the only sequence shared by the termini of all isomeric arrangements of hsv-1 dna that arise from inversions of the covalently linked l and s components. we report that the a sequence, although present in both components, is a part of a structural gene mapping predominantly in the reiterated sequences of the s component. ... | 1979 | 228300 |