| beta2-toxin of clostridium perfringens in a hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas) with enteritis. | an 11-yr-old female hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas) that died with a history of diarrhea and anorexia was submitted for necropsy. major pathologic changes were restricted to the gastrointestinal tract. the small intestinal contents were watery and sanguinous, with a deepening of the red color in the large intestines. the intestinal mucosa was hyperemic. microscopically, lesions consisted of surface epithelial cell necrosis in association with numerous rod-shaped bacteria and high numbers of t ... | 2009 | 20063832 |
| refractive power and biometric properties of the nonhuman primate isolated crystalline lens. | purpose. to characterize the age dependence of shape, refractive power, and refractive index of isolated lenses from nonhuman primates. methods. measurements were performed on ex vivo lenses from cynomolgus monkeys (cyno: n = 120; age, 2.7-14.3 years), rhesus monkeys (n = 61; age, 0.7-13.3 years), and hamadryas baboons (baboon: n = 16; age, 1.7-27.3 years). lens thickness, diameter, and surface curvatures were measured with an optical comparator. lens refractive power was measured with a custom ... | 2010 | 20107174 |
| identification of human specific gene duplications relative to other primates by array cgh and quantitative pcr. | in order to identify human lineage specific (hls) copy number differences (cnds) compared to other primates, we performed pair wise comparisons (human vs. chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan) by using cdna array comparative genomic hybridization (cgh). a set of 23 genes with hls duplications were identified, as well as other lineage differences in gene copy number specific of chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan. each species has gained more copies of specific genes rather than losing gene copies. el ... | 2010 | 20153417 |
| de novo sequencing of two new cyclic theta-defensins from baboon (papio hamadryas) leukocytes by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. | two cyclic theta-defensin peptides were isolated from leukocytes of the hamadryas baboon, papio hamadryas, and purified to homogeneity by gel electrophoresis and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. both peptides had high in vitro activity against escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and candida albicans. here, we report their de novo sequencing by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spec ... | 2010 | 20155756 |
| the pattern of the arterial supply of the pancreas in anthropoid apes, catarrhine monkeys and platyrrhine monkeys. | to get the full understanding of the arterial distribution to the pancreas, the analysis of the distribution of the variety of monkey species would be helpful. in this study, we studied the layout of the pancreatic artery in anthropoids (1 gorilla, 3 chimpanzees and 2 white-handed gibbons), in catarrhine monkeys (1 hamadryas baboon, 2 anubid baboons, 10 savannah monkeys) and in platyrrhine monkeys (6 squirrel monkeys). the pancreas of the monkeys was supplied by the arteries originating from the ... | 2009 | 20166548 |
| on the genetic architecture of cortical folding and brain volume in primates. | understanding the evolutionary forces that produced the human brain is a central problem in neuroscience and human biology. comparisons across primate species show that both brain volume and gyrification (the degree of folding in the cerebral cortex) have progressively increased during primate evolution and there is a strong positive correlation between these two traits across primate species. the human brain is exceptional among primates in both total volume and gyrification, and therefore unde ... | 2010 | 20176115 |
| darwin's apes and "savages". | since his visit to tierra del fuego in the 1830s, darwin had been fascinated by the "savages" that succeeded in surviving on such a "broken beach", and because they were certainly similar in behaviour to our ancestors. however, he was also fascinated by baboons' behaviour, according to brehm's accounts: hamadryas baboons showed a strong altruism to the point of risking their own lives in order to save their infants from attack by dogs. in 1871, he mentions he would rather have descended from bra ... | 2010 | 20338533 |
| attenuation correction for the large non-human primate brain imaging using micropet. | assessment of the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of radiopharmaceuticals in vivo is often performed on animal models of human disease prior to their use in humans. the baboon brain is physiologically and neuro-anatomically similar to the human brain and is therefore a suitable model for evaluating novel cns radioligands. we previously demonstrated the feasibility of performing baboon brain imaging on a dedicated small animal pet scanner provided that the data are accurately corrected for d ... | 2010 | 20360636 |
| strong and consistent social bonds enhance the longevity of female baboons. | longevity is a major component of variation in fitness in long-lived iteroparous species [1-4]. among female baboons, variation in breeding lifespan accounts for approximately 50% of the variation in lifetime fitness [5, 6]. however, we know little about the causes of variation in longevity in primates or other long-lived mammals. savannah baboons form strong, equitable, and enduring relationships with specific female partners, particularly with close relatives and agemates [7-10]. the quality o ... | 2010 | 20598541 |
| comparing responses of four ungulate species to playbacks of baboon alarm calls. | a growing body of evidence suggests that a wide range of animals can recognize and respond appropriately to calls produced by other species. social learning has been implicated as a possible mechanism by which heterospecific call recognition might develop. to examine whether familiarity and/or shared vulnerability with the calling species might influence the ability of sympatric species to distinguish heterospecific alarm calls, we tested whether four ungulate species (impala: aepyceros melampus ... | 2010 | 20607576 |
| design, synthesis, and structure-affinity relationships of regioisomeric n-benzyl alkyl ether piperazine derivatives as sigma-1 receptor ligands. | a series of n-(benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-n'-benzylpiperazines bearing alkyl or fluoroalkyl aryl ethers were synthesized and evaluated at various central nervous system receptors. examination of in vitro sigma1 {[3h]+-pentazocine} and sigma2 ([3h]dtg) receptor binding profiles of piperazines 11-13 and 25-36 revealed several highly potent and sigma1 selective ligands, notably, n-(benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-n'-(4'-methoxybenzyl)piperazine (13, ki=2.7 nm, sigma2/sigma1=38) and n-(benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-n'- ... | 2010 | 20662542 |
| patterns of gastro-intestinal parasites and commensals as an index of population and ecosystem health: the case of sympatric western chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) and guinea baboons (papio hamadryas papio) at fongoli, senegal. | the exponential decline of great apes over the past 50 years has resulted in an urgent need for data to inform population viability assessment and conservation strategies. health monitoring of remaining ape populations is an important component of this process. in support of this effort, we examined endoparasitic and commensal prevalence and richness as proxies of population health for western chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) and sympatric guinea baboons (papio hamadryas papio) at fongoli, se ... | 2011 | 20853397 |
| eight week exposure to a high sugar high fat diet results in adiposity gain and alterations in metabolic biomarkers in baboons (papio hamadryas sp.). | baboons (papio hamadryas sp.) develop features of the cardiometabolic syndrome and represent a clinically-relevant animal model in which to study the aetiology of the disorder. to further evaluate the baboon as a model for the study of the cardiometabolic syndrome, we developed a high sugar high fat diet and hypothesized that it could be used to induce adiposity gain and affect associated circulating biomarkers. | 2010 | 21034486 |
| [data on intestinal parasites of lower monkeys in the adler apery]. | under captive conditions, a parasite fauna connected with the changes in ecological conditions, feeding, and mode of life is usually formed in monkeys. species composition of the intestinal parasites has been investigated in six species of the monkeys (macaca mulatta, m. fascicularis, m. nemestrina, ceropithecus aethiops, papio hamadryas, and p. anubis), which were born in the adler apery and live there for a long time. a comparison with similar investigations carried out in the sukhumi apery, w ... | 2010 | 21061593 |
| chemical characterization of oligosaccharides in the milk of six species of new and old world monkeys. | human and great ape milks contain a diverse array of milk oligosaccharides, but little is known about the milk oligosaccharides of other primates, and how they differ among taxa. neutral and acidic oligosaccharides were isolated from the milk of three species of old world or catarrhine monkeys (cercopithecidae: rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta), toque macaque (macaca sinica) and hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas)) and three of new world or platyrrhine monkeys (cebidae: tufted capuchin (cebus apell ... | 2010 | 21127965 |
| generation of a specific-pathogen-free baboon colony. | we undertook establishing an spf baboon colony in response to requests from researchers. to enable the widest possible future use of spf baboons, our aim was to develop an spf colony of baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) free of 12 target viruses: 5 herpesviruses, 4 retroviruses, simian virus 40, measles, and monkeypox. infant baboons were removed from their mothers within 24 h of birth and nursery-reared. groups of 3 to 8 age-matched conspecifics were isolated in separate rooms for 1 y while unde ... | 2010 | 21205446 |
| not without a fair fight: failed abductions of females in wild hamadryas baboons. | in contrast to other papionin monkeys, hamadryas baboons are characterized by female-biased dispersal. given that hamadryas females do not disperse voluntarily, one mechanism for female transfer between bands is thought to be abductions during aggressive intergroup conflict. to date, however, no successful abductions have been witnessed. we describe three abduction events at the filoha field site in ethiopia, two interband and one intraband, in which the abductors successfully separated a female ... | 2011 | 21359653 |
| relationship between canine dimorphism and mandibular morphology in the hamadryas baboon and the japanese monkey. | to examine morphological interrelationships between canine size and mandibular corpus shape, inter-sex comparisons were made in the hamadryas baboon and the japanese monkey, known to display extreme and moderate canine dimorphism, respectively. results of adult comparisons showed that all mandibular dimensions were significantly larger in the males than in the females in both species. in the hamadryas baboon, the males also exhibited a higher ratio of anterior to posterior corpus height than the ... | 2010 | 21404236 |
| treponema infection associated with genital ulceration in wild baboons. | the authors describe genital alterations and detailed histologic findings in baboons naturally infected with treponema pallidum. the disease causes moderate to severe genital ulcerations in a population of olive baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) at lake manyara national park in tanzania. in a field survey in 2007, 63 individuals of all age classes, both sexes, and different grades of infection were chemically immobilized and sampled. histology and molecular biological tests were used to detect an ... | 2011 | 21411621 |
| primate lens capsule elasticity assessed using atomic force microscopy. | the purpose of this project is to measure the elasticity of the human and non-human primate lens capsule at the microscopic scale using atomic force microscopy (afm). elasticity measurements were performed using afm on the excised anterior lens capsule from 9 cynomolgus monkey (5.9-8.0 years), 8 hamadryas baboon (2.8-10.1 years), and 18 human lenses (33-79 years). anterior capsule specimens were obtained by performing a 5 mm continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and collecting the resulting disk ... | 2011 | 21420953 |
| morphological and physiological aspects of digestive processes in the graminivorous primate theropithecus gelada-a preliminary study. | hindgut fermentation has been suggested to contribute significantly to the digestive process in the gelada (theropithecus gelada). we therefore hypothesized that in an in vitro fermentation test (hohenheim gas test, using gas production as measure of microbial digestion) inoculum based on fresh gelada feces would degrade grass to a similar degree as zebra (equus burchelli chapmani) feces and to a higher degree than that of hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas). additionally, morphology of gelada t ... | 2011 | 21432874 |
| first identification of tannin-binding proteins in saliva of papio hamadryas using ms/ms mass spectrometry. | hamadryas baboons possess salivary proline-rich proteins (prp), as indicated by the presence of pink-staining protein bands using 1d sds gel electrophoresis and coomassie r250 staining. the ability of these protein bands to interact with tannic acid was further examined. in a tannin-binding assay using 5 µg tannic acid mixed with hamadryas whole saliva, we recently found four distinct protein bands of apparently 72, 55, 20, and 15 kda that were precipitated during the experiments. in this work, ... | 2011 | 21520214 |
| tumor necrosis factor α induces a model of preeclampsia in pregnant baboons (papio hamadryas). | preeclampsia is a common disease of pregnancy characterised by maternal hypertension and proteinuria. abnormal placentation in early pregnancy and abnormal cytokine and anti-angiogenic factor expression are thought to contribute to the clinical syndrome of endothelial dysfunction evident in the second half of gestation. the mechanisms underlying both the placental pathology and its translation to the maternal clinical syndrome are not fully understood. a model of preeclampsia manifest by clinica ... | 2011 | 21737300 |
| cancellous and cortical microparticulate allograft for dental implantation: an experimental study in non-human primates. | : a comparison of freeze-dried cancellous and cortical particulate bone allograft was made using a non-human primate model. | 2009 | 22129960 |
| Communication and Cognition in Primate Group Movement. | We here review the communicative and cognitive processes underpinning collective group movement in animals. Generally, we identify 2 major axes to explain the dynamics of decision making in animal or human groups or aggregations: One describes whether the behavior is largely determined by simple rules such as keeping a specific distance from the neighbor, or whether global information is also factored in. The second axis describes whether or not the individual constituents of the group have over ... | 2011 | 22207770 |
| the effects of a single cervical inoculation of chlamydia trachomatis on the female reproductive tract of the baboon (papio anubis). | the baboon (papio hamadryas anubis) can be transcervically instrumented, facilitating studies of intrauterine contraception and reproductive tract infection. we sought to determine if the baboon could become infected with a single cervical inoculation of chlamydia trachomatis. | 2011 | 21921205 |
| Contribution of the crystalline lens gradient refractive index to the accommodation amplitude in non-human primates: In vitro studies. | The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of the gradient refractive index to the change in lens power in hamadryas baboon and cynomolgus monkey lenses during simulated accommodation in a lens stretcher. Thirty-six monkey lenses (1.4-14.1 years) and twenty-five baboon lenses (1.8-28.0 years) were stretched in discrete steps. At each stretching step, the lens back vertex power was measured and the lens cross-section was imaged with optical coherence tomography. The radii of curv ... | 2011 | 22131444 |
| Interspecies difference in placement of developing teeth and its relationship with cross-sectional geometry of the mandibular symphysis in four primate species including modern humans. | The form of the anthropoid mandibular symphysis has recently been addressed in association with spatial requirements for the forming anterior teeth. To evaluate potential relationships between the symphyseal shape and teeth further, the growth patterns of the symphyseal region and the positioning of the tooth crypts were examined using CT data, comparing four primate species (modern humans, chimpanzees, Japanese monkeys, and hamadryas baboons) with varied symphyseal curvature and tooth size. Fir ... | 2011 | 22120684 |
| Hair cortisol levels track phylogenetic and age related differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in non-human primates. | Hair has been shown to archive a uniquely time averaged signal of endocrine activity, and holds attractive advantages for both laboratory and field research. Prior research has explored the potential of hair hormone analysis to examine hormone-behavior relationships. To date, no research has focused on the potential of the technique to investigate age-related changes or taxon differences in endocrine function. It is known that non-human primate infants of many taxa exhibit high cortisol levels a ... | 2011 | 21893059 |
| Male dispersal in a provisioned multilevel group of Rhinopithecus roxellana in Shennongjia Nature Reserve, China. | Most Old World monkeys show male-biased dispersal. We present the first systematic data on male dispersal in a provisioned multilevel group of Rhinopithecus roxellana, based on 4.5 years of field observations in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, China. We evaluated both ultimate (inbreeding avoidance and male mating competition) and proximate (food availability and predation risk) factors influencing male dispersal. The focal group contained 34-53 individuals, in 3-4 one-male units (OMUs) and ... | 2011 | 21898518 |
| vertical ridge augmentation using an equine bone and collagen block infused with recombinant human platelet derived growth factor-bb (rhpdgf-bb): a randomized single-blind histologic study in non-human primates. | background: this study tested the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite and collagen bone blocks of equine origin (ehac), infused with recombinant platelet derived growth factor-bb (rhpdgf-bb), to augment localized posterior mandibular defects in non-human primates (papio hamadryas). methods: bilateral critical-size defects simulating severe atrophy were created at the time of the posterior teeth removal. test and control blocks (without growth factor) were randomly grafted into the respective sites ... | 2012 | 22220770 |
| possible aspects of using cultured stem cell of laboratory primates in experimental medicine. | we describe the methods of isolation and culturing of mesenchymal stem cells from 3 monkey species macaca mulatta, papio hamadryas, and macaca fascicularis. flow cytofluorometry showed that the cells do not express cd34, cd45, and hla-dr, but most of them (78-98%) express cd90 marker. the cardioprotective effects of cultured mesenchymal stem cells in cardiomyopathy induced by administration of antitumor anthracycline drugs (doxorubicin). | 2012 | 23330109 |
| stability of partner choice among female baboons. | in a wide range of taxa, including baboons, close social bonds seem to help animals cope with stress and enhance long-term reproductive success and longevity. current evidence suggests that female baboons may benefit from establishing and maintaining highly individuated relationships with a relatively small number of partners. here, we extend previous work on the stability of female baboons' social relationships in three different ways. first, we assess the stability of females' social relations ... | 2012 | 23885128 |
| [postcoital contraception in primates. ii. examination of sts 153 and sts 287 as interceptives in the baboon (papio hamadryas)]. | the interceptive activity of 2 new synthesized steroid compounds: sts 153 (17 beta-phenylaminocarbonyloxy-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-methyl ether and sts 287 (16 alpha-bromo-17 beta-[n',n'-dimethylhydrazino]-carbonyloxy-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-methyl ether) and of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol was investigated in baboons.--postcoital oral administration of 1--3 mg/kg b. w. sts 153 for 5--7 days and of 1 mg/kg b. w. sts 287 for 5 days resulted in a fertility inhibition of about 90% and 95% respectivel ... | 1998 | 106578 |
| group housing of hamadryas baboons: a new cage design based upon field studies of social organization. | the hamadryas subspecies, which is utilized extensively for laboratory research, has a social structure unique among baboons. field studies have shown that small one male units are the basic grouping in a complex multi-level social system. a housing design for a research colony of hamadryas baboons was conceived to reflect this unique social organization and related behavioral patterns. the outcome of combining such ethological considerations with practical dictates for housing large laboratory ... | 2013 | 3586614 |
| effect of luliberin on the secretion of the luteinizing hormone depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle in intact and castrated female papio hamadryas. | | 2012 | 3306445 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. v. isolation of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione and adrenosterone from adrenal venous blood of macacus rhesus, papio hamadryas, cercopithecus aethiops and erythrocebus patas]. | | 2014 | 4243440 |
| luteinizing hormone levels during the menstrual cycle of the baboon (papio hamadryas). | | 1998 | 110021 |
| [steroid metabolism of primates. 13. isolation of cortisone, tetrahydro-cortisone, tetrahydro-cortisol and allo-tetrahydro-cortisol from the urine of macacus rhesus and papio hamadryas]. | | 2012 | 4624287 |
| [comparative pathology of papio hamadryas]. | | 2013 | 3705718 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. xx. excretion of c21-steroids in urine of women and baboons (papio hamadryas) during pregnancy]. | urinary excretion of 10 c21 steroids was investigated in women and baboons (papio hamadryas) in various stages of pregnancy, in comparison to controls. in pregnant women, excretion of total c21 steroids is slightly increased, whereas in pregnant baboons it is slightly decreased. in women, excretion of tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone is diminished, that of 20 beta-oh-f (11-beta,17alpha,20beta,21-tetrahydroxy-4-pregnen-3,20-dione) and of 11-deoxycortisol is increased. in pregnant baboon ... | 1998 | 104866 |
| [hormonal activity of the hypophysis-gonadal system in male hamadryas baboons in relationship to their hierarchical position]. | hierarchic status-dependent hormonal activity of pituitary-gonadal system was studied in an isolated group of hamadryas baboons. testosterone level was higher in dominating males. the level of sex hormone was higher in aged animals with great muscle mass. no correlation was observed between hierarchic status of hamadryas baboon males and the blood level of luteinizing hormone. | 2013 | 3955222 |
| gc subtypes identified by isoelectric focusing in baboons (papio hamadryas). | phenotyping for gc variants by conventional electrophoresis in 835 papio hamadryas baboons demonstrated a monomorphic population. gc subtyping by polyacrylamide ief gels, ph 4-6, on 394 of these baboons revealed the existence of two common alleles which we named gc1papio and gc2papio. pedigree data confirmed the inheritance of a single locus, two allele system and the observed gene frequencies were 0.593 for gc1papio and 0.407 for gc2papio. | 2014 | 4038495 |
| chromosomes in the chronic reticulosis of the pavian papio hamadryas. | | 2016 | 4804051 |
| gastric haemorrhage and perforation caused by a trichobezoar in a baboon (papio hamadryas). | a captive-bred male baboon presented with severe evidence of blood loss and melaena. an upper gastrointestinal radiological study with gastrografin showed a large trichobezoar. laparotomy confirmed its presence and revealed gastric ulceration with perforation and generalized peritonitis. the condition was successfully treated by surgery. | 1976 | 2366517 |
| mitochondrial genome analyses suggest multiple trichuris species in humans, baboons, and pigs from different geographical regions. | the whipworms trichuris trichiura and trichuris suis are two parasitic nematodes of humans and pigs, respectively. although whipworms in human and non-human primates historically have been referred to as t. trichiura, recent reports suggest that several trichuris spp. are found in primates. | 2015 | 26367282 |
| genetic integration of molar cusp size variation in baboons. | many studies of primate diversity and evolution rely on dental morphology for insight into diet, behavior, and phylogenetic relationships. consequently, variation in molar cusp size has increasingly become a phenotype of interest. in 2007 we published a quantitative genetic analysis of mandibular molar cusp size variation in baboons. those results provided more questions than answers, as the pattern of genetic integration did not fit predictions from odontogenesis. to follow up, we expanded our ... | 0 | 20034010 |
| naturally acquired picornavirus infections in primates at the dhaka zoo. | the conditions in densely populated bangladesh favor picornavirus transmission, resulting in a high rate of infection in the human population. data suggest that nonhuman primates (nhp) may play a role in the maintenance and transmission of diverse picornaviruses in bangladesh. at the dhaka zoo, multiple nhp species are caged in close proximity. their proximity to other species and to humans, both zoo workers and visitors, provides the potential for cross-species transmission. to investigate poss ... | 2013 | 23097447 |
| isolation and characterization of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli isolated from dogs and primates. | although bifidobacteria and lactobacilli have been suggested beneficial for the host and are components of many probiotics and competitive exclusion mixtures, the knowledge on abundance, metabolic and probiotic characteristics in isolates from dogs and monkeys is still limited. the present study was aimed to isolate bifidobacterium and lactobacillus strains (faeces of 22 dogs and of 5 primates: cebus apella, eulemur fulvus, erythrocebus patas, macaca fascicularis, papio hamadryas) with the maldi ... | 2014 | 24239978 |
| natural infection of baboons by entamoeba histolytica elicits anti- gal-lectin heavy subunit iga and igg antibodies with shared epitope specificity to that of humans. | non-human primates, such as baboons (papio hamadryas anubis), are natural hosts for entamoeba species; infections can be asymptomatic or result in invasive lethal disease. it was sought to determine whether following natural infection by entamoeba. histolytica, baboon anti-amebic antibodies recognized native gallectin, a recombinant portion of the lectin heavy subunit (designated lc3) and specific heavy subunit epitopes; we compared the specificity of anti-amebic antibodies from baboons to that ... | 2013 | 24640872 |
| novel genital alphapapillomaviruses in baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) with cervical dysplasia. | genital alphapapillomavirus (αpv) infections are one of the most common sexually transmitted human infections worldwide. women infected with the highly oncogenic genital human papillomavirus (hpv) types 16 and 18 are at high risk for development of cervical cancer. related oncogenic αpvs exist in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. here the authors identified 3 novel genital αpv types (phpv1, phpv2, phpv3) by pcr in cervical samples from 6 of 15 (40%) wild-caught female kenyan olive baboons (papio h ... | 2013 | 22446324 |
| correlation between presence of trypanosoma cruzi dna in heart tissue of baboons and cynomolgus monkeys, and lymphocytic myocarditis. | trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of chagas' disease, preferentially infects cardiac and digestive tissues. baboons living in texas (papio hamadryas) and cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) have been reported to be infected naturally with t. cruzi. in this study, we retrospectively reviewed cases of animals that were diagnosed with lymphocytic myocarditis and used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based method (s36/s35 primer set) to amplify t. cruzi dna from archived frozen and formal ... | 2014 | 24567317 |
| cytoarchitecture and intrafrontal connections of the frontal cortex of the brain of the hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas). | a study was made of the cytoarchitecture of the lateral and medial frontal cortex in the hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas). the frontal cortico-cortical connections of areas 46, 8, 6, and 4 were investigated by injection of wheat-germ agglutinine conjugated to horseradish peroxiase (wga-hrp) into different regions of areas 46, 8, and 6. the lateral region of the frontal lobe of the baboon consists of broad areas of motor (area 4), premotor (area 6), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, each ... | 1991 | 1719042 |
| identification of a derived dental trait in the papionini relative to other old world monkeys. | variation in the shape of teeth provides an immense amount of information about the evolutionary history and adaptive strategy of a mammalian lineage. here, we explore variation in the expression of a purported molar lingual remnant (the interconulus) across the old world monkeys (primates: cercopithecidae) with the aim of elucidating a component of the adaptive radiation of this family. this radiation is characterized by a wide geographic range (asia and africa) as well as diverse dietary niche ... | 2014 | 25100299 |
| ontogenetic scaling of fore limb and hind limb joint posture and limb bone cross-sectional geometry in vervets and baboons. | previous studies suggest that the postures habitually adopted by an animal influence the mechanical loading of its long bones. relatively extended limb postures in larger animals should preferentially reduce anteroposterior (a-p) relative to mediolateral (m-l) bending of the limb bones and therefore decrease a-p/m-l rigidity. we test this hypothesis by examining growth-related changes in limb bone structure in two primate taxa that differ in ontogenetic patterns of joint posture. | 2016 | 27252095 |
| analysis of prostate-specific antigen transcripts in chimpanzees, cynomolgus monkeys, baboons, and african green monkeys. | the function of prostate-specific antigen (psa) is to liquefy the semen coagulum so that the released sperm can fuse with the ovum. fifteen spliced variants of the psa gene have been reported in humans, but little is known about alternative splicing in nonhuman primates. positive selection has been reported in sex- and reproductive-related genes from sea urchins to drosophila to humans; however, there are few studies of adaptive evolution of the psa gene. here, using polymerase chain reaction (p ... | 2014 | 24732672 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. iv. isolation of aldosterone from adrenal venous blood of macacus rhesus, papio hamadryas, cercopithecus aethiops and erythrocebus patas]. | | 1969 | 4982968 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. vi. isolation of progesterone and pregnenolone from adrenal venous blood of macacus rhesus, papio hamadryas, cercepithecus aethiops and erythrocebus patas]. | | 1969 | 4982969 |
| serological evidence of coronavirus infections in native hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas hamadryas) of the kingdom of saudi arabia. | the hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas hamadryas) is the only indigenous species of non-human primates (nhp) found in the kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa). there are no peer-reviewed publications on viral infections of the baboons of ksa. apart from camels, other animals are likely sources of the novel middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (merscov) for humans. we investigated evidence of highly pathogenic coronavirus infections including merscov in a large group of commensal baboons accompan ... | 2017 | 28478775 |
| expression patterns of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (kir) of nk-cell and t-cell subsets in old world monkeys. | the expression of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (kir) on lymphocytes of rhesus macaques and other old world monkeys was unknown so far. we used our recently established monoclonal anti-rhesus macaque kir antibodies in multicolour flow cytometry for phenotypic characterization of kir protein expression on natural killer (nk) cells and t cell subsets of rhesus macaques, cynomolgus macaques, hamadryas baboons, and african green monkeys. similar to human kir, we found clonal expression p ... | 2013 | 23717676 |
| life history theory and dental development in four species of catarrhine primates. | dental development was reconstructed in several individuals representing four species of catarrhine primates--symphalangus syndactylus, hylobates lar, semnopithecus entellus priam, and papio hamadryas--using the techniques of dental histology. bar charts assumed to represent species-typical dental development were constructed from these data and estimated ages at first and third molar emergence were plotted on them along with ages at weaning, menarche, and first reproduction from the literature. ... | 2007 | 17706270 |
| effect of diet on dental development in four species of catarrhine primates. | in this study, dental development is described in two pairs of closely related catarrhine primate species that differ in their degree of folivory: 1) hylobates lar and symphalangus syndactylus, and 2) papio hamadryas hamadryas and semnopithecus entellus. growth increments in histological thin sections are used to reconstruct the chronology of dental development to determine how dental development is accelerated in the more folivorous species of each pair. although anterior tooth formation appear ... | 2003 | 12966517 |
| [the cytogenetic characteristics of b-lymphoid lines from papio hamadryas baboons and macaca arctoides brown macaques]. | a cytogenetic analysis of 9 permanent suspension cell lines was performed. cell lines were obtained from papio hamadryas and macaca arctoides cells by different methods. five cell lines originated from non-malignant parental cells. lines spg-5 and spg-6 were analysed at early stages of cultivation, with normal karyotypes being identified. in cell lines pl-11, mal-1 and mal-4 pathological clones with structural and numerical chromosomal rearrangements appeared only following a long-term cultivati ... | 1994 | 7900211 |
| [chromosome identification in macaca arctoides based on study of the differential staining pattern (g-discs). comparison with papio hamadryas g-discs]. | linear chromosome differentiation pattern of macaca arctoides was studied using the romanovsky-gimsa stain (g-banding). the possibility of the identification of all chromosome pairs according to these data is demonstrated. the phenomenon of the irregular intercellular and chromosome differentiation is found out and a suggestion is made about its relation to a real mosaic functional activity of cell genomes. a great similarity in linear chromosome differentiation for 2 from 42 studied chromosome ... | 1975 | 56288 |
| nonhuman primate ocular biometry. | to examine ocular growth in nonhuman primates (nhps) from measurements on ex vivo eyes. | 2016 | 26780314 |
| the zonules selectively alter the shape of the lens during accommodation based on the location of their anchorage points. | to determine the role of anterior and posterior zonular tension on the optomechanical lens response during accommodation simulation. | 2015 | 25698707 |
| cytogenetic and fertility studies of a rheboon, rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) x baboon (papio hamadryas) cross: further support for a single karyotype nomenclature. | historically, two different numbering systems have been used to describe the baboon and macaque karyotypes. however, g-banding studies and, more recently, fluorescence in situ hybridization results have shown that the two karyotypes are virtually identical. to confirm this hypothesis, cytogenetic analysis of an unusual animal, a rheboon, was undertaken. the rheboon reported here, an 18-year-old male, is the only long-term survivor of 26 pregnancies resulting from matings between female baboons ( ... | 1999 | 10502238 |
| [the characteristics of the intragroup behavior of rhesus macaques and hamadryas baboons during the realization of food motivation in a competitive situation]. | the aim of the present work is to consider the specific interrelations in "family" units of macaques (macaca mulatta) and baboons (papio hamadryas) during food-getting reactions in competitive conditions. detailed analysis of dyadic interactions revealed that competing partners demonstrate more various types of behaviour tactics at the initial stage of learning. at the final one, only males of both investigated species performed instrumental reactions and received the food reward. all females de ... | 2006 | 1300021 |
| [cytoarchitectonics of the frontal area fields of the cerebral cortex in the hamadryas baboon and the rhesus macaque in ontogeny]. | structural organization of the fields 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 47, 44 + 45 + 46 has been studied in papio hamadryas and in macaca rhesus during pre- and postnatal periods of development. volumes of the fields, size of the cells, thickness of the cortex and its layers have been defined. not only certain similarities, but some essential differences have been revealed in the development of the fields mentioned. the differences are manifested in complicating the frontal area of the papio hamadryas cerebral ... | 1983 | 6615248 |
| [identification of simian chromosomes by the differential staining method with romanovskii-giemza stain. ii. papio hamadryas]. | by means of differential staining with the romanovsky - gimsa dye the distribution of g-bands was studied in chromosomes of bone marrow cells and of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes in papio hamadryas. all the homologous chromosome pairs were identified. it was shown, as compared papio hamadryas karyotypes with that of macaca mulatta, that patterns of most chromosomes differentiation were similar. certain differences between these species were observed in the character of differentiation of ... | 1975 | 60271 |
| [identification of simian chromosomes by a method of differential staining with romanovskii--giemsa solution. ii. papio hamadryas]. | by means of differential staining wiyh the romanovsky-- gimsa dye the distribution of g-bands was studied in chromosomes of bone marrow cells and of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes in papio hamadryas. all the homologous chromosome pairs were identified. it was shown, as compared papio hamadryas karyotoypes with that of macaca mulatta, that patterns of most chromosomes differentiation were similar. certain differences between these species were observed in the character of differentiation o ... | 1975 | 57902 |
| the ontogeny of talo-crural appositional articular morphology among catarrhine taxa: adult shape reflects substrate use. | the upper ankle joint forms a single articular plane between organism and the foot and substrate. singular warp analysis shows that its shape reflects substrate use. this study explores whether the differences in shape are genetic with a developmental trajectory evident during ontogeny or epigenetic and the result of substrate use by the individual. a total of 418 matched distal tibial and proximal talar landmarked surfaces from adult and subadult specimens from 12 diverse catarrhine taxa were s ... | 2014 | 24842582 |
| does space in the jaw influence the timing of molar crown initiation? a model using baboons (papio anubis) and great apes (pan troglodytes, pan paniscus). | radiographic and histological studies of baboon (papio hamadryas, p. anubis) and chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) permanent tooth development have found that periods of molar crown mineralization overlap markedly in chimpanzees but are staggered in baboons. here we test the hypothesis that these intertaxon differences in molar initiation are primarily due to the space available in the mandibles of each species for these teeth. this study includes radiographic, linear measurement, and three-dimension ... | 2004 | 14984783 |
| repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation elicits rate-dependent brain network responses in non-human primates. | transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) has the potential to treat brain disorders by tonically modulating firing patterns in disease-specific neural circuits. the selection of treatment parameters for clinical repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) trials has not been rule based, likely contributing to the variability of observed outcomes. | 2013 | 23540281 |
| feasibility of lng-ius in a baboon model. | the baboon (papio hamadryas anubis) is an attractive model for intrauterine contraception research due to anatomic similarity to the human. although non-human primates have previously been used for intrauterine contraception research, it was unknown whether modern intrauterine devices (iuds) can be placed in an anatomically similar position in the baboon. this study sought to determine whether human-use iuds could be seated correctly in the uterus of the baboon. | 2013 | 23114737 |
| relationship between epilepsy and colpocephaly in baboons (papio hamadryas). | brain mri scans revealed various occipital horn variants in a pedigreed baboon colony consisting of papio hamadryas anubis and its hybrids. we retrospectively characterized these variants and evaluated their relationships to epilepsy phenotypes and scalp eeg findings. mri scans (3d, t1-weighted) from 208 baboons (female, 134 female; male, 74; age [mean ± 1 sd], 16 ± 5 y) were reviewed; 139 (67%) of these animals also underwent scalp eeg previously. occipital horn variants included elongation (ex ... | 2016 | 27298250 |
| prevalence and geographical distribution of papio hamadryas papillomavirus 1 (phpv1) in kenyan baboons. | papio hamadryas papillomavirus (phpv) 1, 2, and 3, are alphapapillomaviruses that have been detected in kenyan olive baboons but the distribution is unknown. therefore, cervical screening for phpv1 was performed in baboons from various areas in kenya using a nested polymerase chain reaction. the prevalence rate was 33%. | 2017 | 27726166 |
| indication of higher salivary alpha-amylase expression in hamadryas baboons and geladas compared to chimpanzees and humans. | little is known about salivary alpha-amylase expression in primates. | 2010 | 20202076 |
| dscr9 gene simultaneous expression in placental, testicular and renal tissues from baboon (papio hamadryas). | in 2002 takamatsu and co-workers described the human dscr9 gene and observed that it was transcriptionally active in human testicular tissue, but no protein was identified as a product of this transcript. similar results were obtained in chimpanzee tissue. this gene has not been detected in species other than primates, suggesting that dscr9 is exclusively found in these mammals. | 2012 | 22704171 |
| scalp eeg for the diagnosis of epilepsy and photosensitivity in the baboon. | spontaneous seizures have been observed in several baboon species housed at the southwest national primate research center (snprc), including papio hamadryas anubis and cynocephalus/anubis, hamadryas/anubis, and papio/anubis hybrids. the goal of this study was to establish a noninvasive, reliable electroencephalographic technique to characterize epilepsy phenotypes and assess photosensitivity in these subspecies. thirty baboons with witnessed seizures, and 15 asymptomatic baboons underwent scalp ... | 2004 | 14983467 |
| spatial relationship between the mental foramen and mandibular developing teeth in modern humans, chimpanzees, and hamadryas baboons. | the mental foramen (mf) of adult human mandibles is characterized by its high position and posterosuperior opening orientation, compared with that of nonhuman primates. in this study, to examine when and how such interspecies variations in mf position/orientation are manifested in the context of dental development, positional relationships between the mf and nearby forming teeth (dc, dm1, c, p3) were assessed using ct-scanned growth-series mandibles of the following three species with various mf ... | 2014 | 24913892 |
| inference by exclusion in lion-tailed macaques (macaca silenus), a hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas), capuchins (sapajus apella), and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | previous research has suggested that several primate species may be capable of reasoning by exclusion based on the finding that they can locate a hidden object when given information about where the object is not. the present research replicated and extended the literature by testing 2 old world monkey species, lion-tailed macaques (macaca silenus) and a hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas), and 2 new world species, capuchin monkeys (sapajus apella) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). the new ... | 2015 | 26010194 |
| parasite transmission risk from geophagic and foraging behavior in chacma baboons. | numerous behavioral and ecological factors are associated with parasite transmission. one factor explored in human research, but absent from nonhuman primate research, is parasite transmission from soil ingestion. human studies suggest geophagy, the regular and deliberate consumption of soil, increases risk of soil-transmitted helminth (sth) infection. geophagy, which is prevalent in nonhuman primates, has several positive associations: gastrointestinal distress alleviation, possible mineral sup ... | 2012 | 22707091 |
| body composition and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in captive baboons (papio hamadryas sp.): sexual dimorphism. | baboons (papio hamadryas sp.) exhibit significant sexual dimorphism in body size. sexual dimorphism is also exhibited in a number of circulating factors associated with risk of cardiometabolic disease. we investigated whether sexual dimorphism in body size and composition underlie these differences. we examined data from 28 male and 24 female outdoor group-housed young adult baboons enrolled in a longitudinal observational study of cardiometabolic disease risk factors. animals were sedated with ... | 2014 | 24318937 |
| speciation in the baboon and its relation to gamma-chain heterogeneity and to the response to induction of hbf by 5-azacytidine. | in the baboon (papio species), the two nonallelic gamma-genes produce gamma-chains that differ at a minimum at residue 75, where isoleucine (i gamma-chain) or valine (v gamma) may be present. this situation obtains in baboons that are sometimes designated as papio anubis, papio hamadryas, and papio papio. however, in papio cynocephalus, although the i gamma-chains are identical with those in the above mentioned types, the v gamma-chains have the substitutions ala----gly at residue 9 and ala----v ... | 1984 | 6201212 |
| polymorphism of the ca-i locus of carbonic anhydrase in baboon. | polymorphism of erythrocytic carbonic anhydrase was studied by means of the usual technique of starch gel electrophoresis in papio papio, papio hamadryas, papio cynocephalus and papio anubis. in a sample containing both papio cynocephalus and papio anubis, examples of the homozygote ca-ib/ca-ib were found. a study of parental transmission established the ca-ib allelic form. | 1975 | 804560 |
| the effect of a feeding schedule change and the provision of forage material on hair eating in a group of captive baboons (papio hamadryas sp.). | hair eating in nonhuman primates is thought to result from a frustrated appetitive drive produced by an inappropriate diet. to investigate whether hair eating could be reduced through changes in diet, a 2-part study was conducted with a group of baboons (papio hamadryas sp.). the 1st part involved changing to a twice-daily feeding routine, thus providing prolonged access to an appropriate food source. the 2nd part involved scattering a grain mix to encourage more foraging while maintaining a onc ... | 2015 | 25415057 |
| association between papio hamadryas populations and human gastrointestinal infectious diseases in southwestern saudi arabia. | papio hamadryas baboons, known reservoirs of several infectious diseases, roam and deposit their excreta indiscriminately on footpaths, parks, and streets of the city peripheries of taif, baha, and abha in southwestern saudi arabia. nonetheless, city centers of these places are free of baboons. this study aims to determine the impact of baboons on human gastrointestinal health. | 2015 | 25811201 |
| quantitative genetics, pleiotropy, and morphological integration in the dentition of papio hamadryas. | variation in the mammalian dentition is highly informative of adaptations and evolutionary relationships, and consequently has been the focus of considerable research. much of the current research exploring the genetic underpinnings of dental variation can trace its roots to olson and miller's 1958 book morphological integration. these authors explored patterns of correlation in the post-canine dentitions of the owl monkey and hyopsodus, an extinct condylarth from the eocene. their results were ... | 2009 | 22919117 |
| fecal microbial diversity and putative function in captive western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla), common chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) and binturongs (arctictis binturong). | microbial populations in the gastrointestinal tract contribute to host health and nutrition. although gut microbial ecology is well studied in livestock and domestic animals, little is known of the endogenous populations inhabiting primates or carnivora. we characterized microbial populations in fecal cultures from gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla), common chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) and binturongs (arctictis binturong) to compare the microbiomes associate ... | 2014 | 25236539 |
| hormonal correlates of ontogeny in baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) and mangabeys (cercocebus atys). | this study investigates the relationship between serum hormone levels and morphometrics during ontogeny in olive baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) and sooty mangabeys (cercocebus atys), to test hypotheses about the endocrine regulation of species size differences. first, we expect that levels of hormones and binding proteins predict size change during ontogeny in both species. second, a high level of integration among the hormones and binding proteins analyzed is expected, with the implication th ... | 2008 | 18257016 |
| changes in cerebral blood flow during an alteration in glycemic state in a large non-human primate (papio hamadryas sp.). | changes in cerebral blood flow (cbf) during a hyperglycemic challenge were mapped, using perfusion-weighted mri, in a group of non-human primates. seven female baboons were fasted for 16 h prior to 1-h imaging experiment, performed under general anesthesia, that consisted of a 20-min baseline, followed by a bolus infusion of glucose (500 mg/kg). cbf maps were collected every 7 s and blood glucose and insulin levels were sampled at regular intervals. blood glucose levels rose from 51.3 ± 10.9 to ... | 2017 | 28261040 |
| placental growth factor reduces blood pressure in a uteroplacental ischemia model of preeclampsia in nonhuman primates. | an imbalance in the angiogenesis axis during pregnancy manifests as clinical preeclampsia because of endothelial dysfunction. circulating soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sflt-1) increases and placental growth factor (plgf) reduces before and during disease. we investigated the clinical and biochemical effects of replenishing the reduced circulating plgf with recombinant human plgf (rhplgf) and thus restoring the angiogenic balance. hypertensive proteinuria was induced in a nonhuman primate ( ... | 2016 | 27091894 |
| variation of hair cortisol concentrations among wild populations of two baboon species (papio anubis, p. hamadryas) and a population of their natural hybrids. | male olive (papio anubis) and hamadryas (p. hamadryas) baboons have distinctive sociobehavioral and physical characteristics. in the awash national park, ethiopia, a hybrid population at the contact zone between these two species, exhibits heterogeneous sociobehavioral and physical characteristics. the ambiguity of the hybrid social environment and disruption of parental stress genotypes may be sources of physiological stress for hybrids. we examined levels of chronic stress among males of the t ... | 2015 | 25903227 |
| transesophageal echocardiography in healthy young adult male baboons (papio hamadryas anubis): normal cardiac anatomy and function in subhuman primates compared to humans. | implantable, viable tissue engineered cardiovascular constructs are rapidly approaching clinical translation. species typically utilized as preclinical large animal models are food stock ungulates for which cross species biological and genomic differences with humans are great. multiple authorities have recommended developing subhuman primate models for testing regenerative surgical strategies to mitigate xenotransplant inflammation. however, there is a lack of specific quantitative cardiac imag ... | 2013 | 24707162 |
| age- and gender-associated changes in the concentrations of serum tgf-1β, dhea-s and igf-1 in healthy captive baboons (papio hamadryas anubis). | age-related changes in the concentration of factors like tgf-1β, dhea-s and igf-1 may increase the risk of disease and illnesses in advanced life. a better understanding of these changes would aid in the development of more appropriate treatments and/or preventative care for many conditions associated with age. due to their similar immune system and vulnerability to pathogens, baboons are an ideal model for humans. however, little research has been done examining the general effects of age in ba ... | 2014 | 24161750 |
| evaluation of reproduction and raising offspring in a nursery-reared spf baboon (papio hamadryas anubis) colony. | baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) of a conventional breeding colony were nursery-reared to create a specific pathogen-free (spf) baboon-breeding program. because the founding generations were nursery-reared until 2 years of age, it was suspected that the spf baboons would exhibit increased reproductive challenges as adults. mothering behavior was of interest, because spf females were not exposed to parental role models during the nursery-rearing process. we compared reproductive data from the spf ... | 2013 | 23440922 |
| baboons, water, and the ecology of oxygen stable isotopes in an arid hybrid zone. | baboons regularly drink surface waters derived from atmospheric precipitation, or meteoric water. as a result, the oxygen isotope (δ(18)o) composition of their tissues is expected to reflect that of local meteoric waters. animal proxies of the oxygen isotope composition of meteoric water have practical applications as paleoenvironmental recorders because they can be used to infer aridity and temperature in historic and fossil systems. to explore this premise, we measured the δ(18)o values of hai ... | 2013 | 22902370 |
| tracking development of the corpus callosum in fetal and early postnatal baboons using magnetic resonance imaging. | although the maturation of the corpus callosum (cc) can serve as a sensitive marker for normative antenatal and postnatal brain development, little is known about its development across this critical period. while high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging can provide an opportunity to examine normative brain development in humans, concerns remain over the exposure of developing fetuses to non-essential imaging. nonhuman primates can provide a valuable model for normative brain maturation. baboo ... | 2011 | 22253660 |
| the relationship of accentuated lines in enamel to weaning stress in juvenile baboons (papio hamadryas anubis). | weaning conflict may represent an evolutionary conflict of interest between parent and offspring, an honest signal of need on the part of a weanling, or both. accentuated lines visible in histological sections of teeth are indicators of stress during enamel formation and have been hypothesised to form in baboon teeth during weaning. we analysed growth increments in 5 tooth sections from 2 ugandan baboons (papio hamadryas anubis), using polarised light microscopy, to determine when stresses occur ... | 2010 | 21124031 |