| fungal diversity in the rhizosphere of endemic plant species of tenerife (canary islands): relationship to vegetation zones and environmental factors. | knowledge about fungal diversity scaling relationships relative to that of plants is important to understand ecosystem functioning. tenerife island, a natural laboratory to study terrestrial biodiversity, is represented by six different vegetation zones characterized by specific abiotic conditions and plant communities with a high proportion of endemic plants. little is known about the biodiversity of associated fungi. to understand the relationship between plant and fungal communities, we analy ... | 2009 | 18830279 |
| an integrated approach for the reduction of aflatoxin contamination in chilli (capsicum annuum l.). | an integrated approach for management of aflatoxin contamination in chilli was undertaken by evaluating the fungicides, bioagents and plant extracts against aspergillus flavus under both in vitro and field condition. maximum inhibition of radial growth (91.1%) was observed with 0.3% mancozeb followed by captan (85.2%). carbendazim (73%) was effective and superior over other systemic fungicides. a complete inhibition (100%) of a. flavus was observed in neem seed kernel extract (nske), nimbicidin ... | 2011 | 24425902 |
| contribution of the saprobic fungi trametes versicolor and trichoderma harzianum and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi glomus deserticola and g. claroideum to arsenic tolerance of eucalyptus globulus. | the presence of high concentrations of arsenic (as) decreased the shoot and root dry weight, chlorophyll and p and mg content of eucalyptus globulus colonized with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi glomus deserticola or g. claroideum, but these parameters were higher than in non-am plants. as increased the percentage of am length colonization and succinate dehydrogenase (sdh) activity in the root of e. globulus. trichoderma harzianum, but not trametes versicolor, increased the shoot and root ... | 2009 | 19648001 |
| solid-state fermentation of agro-industrial wastes to produce bioorganic fertilizer for the biocontrol of fusarium wilt of cucumber in continuously cropped soil. | agro-industrial wastes of cattle dung, vinegar-production residue and rice straw were solid-state fermented by inoculation with trichoderma harzianum sqr-t037 (sqr-t037) for production of bioorganic fertilizers containing sqr-t037 and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6pap) to control fusarium wilt of cucumber in a continuously cropped soil. fermentation days, temperature, inoculum and vinegar-production residue demonstrated significant effects on the sqr-t037 biomass and the yield of 6pap, based on fractional ... | 2010 | 21190841 |
| changes in hyphal morphology and activity of phenoloxidases during interactions between selected ectomycorrhizal fungi and two species of trichoderma. | patterns of phenoloxidase activity can be used to characterize fungi of different life styles, and changes in phenoloxidase synthesis were suspected to play a role in the interaction between ectomycorrhizal and two species of trichoderma. confrontation between the ectomycorrhizal fungi amanita muscaria and laccaria laccata with species of trichoderma resulted in induction of laccase synthesis, and the laccase enzyme was bound to mycelia of ectomycorrhizal fungi. tyrosinase release was noted only ... | 2011 | 21286809 |
| greenhouse evaluation of bacillus subtilis ap-01 and trichoderma harzianum ap-001 in controlling tobacco diseases. | two biological control agents, bacillus subtilis ap-01 (larminar(™)) and trichoderma harzianum ap-001 (trisan(™)) alone or/in combination were investigated in controlling three tobacco diseases, including bacterial wilt (ralstonia solanacearum), damping-off (pythium aphanidermatum), and frogeye leaf spot (cercospora nicotiana). tests were performed in greenhouse by soil sterilization prior to inoculation of the pathogens. bacterial-wilt and damping off pathogens were drenched first and followed ... | 2008 | 24031219 |
| herbicidal activity of culture filtrates of trichoderma spp. against two problematic weeds of wheat. | the herbicidal potential of culture filtrates of four trichoderma spp., namely trichoderma harzianum rifai, trichoderma pseudokoningii rifai, trichoderma reesei simmons and trichoderma viride pers., was evaluated against two problematic weeds of wheat, phalaris minor l. and rumex dentatus l. in laboratory bioassays, generally, metabolites of all four trichoderma species significantly reduced various root and shoot growth parameters of the two target weed species. the original concentrations of t ... | 2011 | 21462072 |
| downy mildew resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 in susceptible grapevines partially mimics transcriptional changes of resistant genotypes. | downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, is one of the most severe diseases of grapevine and is commonly controlled by fungicide treatments. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) can induce resistance to downy mildew, although the molecular events associated with this process have not yet been elucidated in grapevine. a next generation rna sequencing (rna-seq) approach was used to study global transcriptional changes associated with resistance induced by t39 in vitis v ... | 2012 | 23173562 |
| comparative study on the effect of chemicals on alternaria blight in indian mustard--a multi-location study in india. | high severity of altemaria blight disease is a major constraint in production of rapeseed-mustard in india. the aim of this study was to investigate the suppressive potential of chemicals viz., zinc sulphate, borax, sulphur, potash and calcium sulphate, aqueous extracts viz., eucalyptus globosus (50 g l-1) leaf extract and garlic (allium sativum) bulb (20 g l-1) extract, cow urine and bio-agents trichoderma harzianum, pseudomonas fluorescence in comparison with the recommended chemical fungicide ... | 2011 | 22167952 |
| deciphering the hormonal signalling network behind the systemic resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum in tomato. | root colonization by selected trichoderma isolates can activate in the plant a systemic defense response that is effective against a broad-spectrum of plant pathogens. diverse plant hormones play pivotal roles in the regulation of the defense signaling network that leads to the induction of systemic resistance triggered by beneficial organisms [induced systemic resistance (isr)]. among them, jasmonic acid (ja) and ethylene (et) signaling pathways are generally essential for isr. however, trichod ... | 2013 | 23805146 |
| analysis of phaseolus vulgaris response to its association with trichoderma harzianum (all-42) in the presence or absence of the phytopathogenic fungi rhizoctonia solani and fusarium solani. | the present study was carried out to evaluate the ability of trichoderma harzianum (all 42-isolated from brazilian cerrado soil) to promote common bean growth and to modulate its metabolism and defense response in the presence or absence of the phytopathogenic fungi rhizoctonia solani and fusarium solani using a proteomic approach. t. harzianum was able to promote common bean plants growth as shown by the increase in root/foliar areas and by size in comparison to plants grown in its absence. the ... | 2014 | 24878929 |
| cloning of a novel l-amino acid oxidase from trichoderma harzianum ets 323 and bioactivity analysis of overexpressed l-amino acid oxidase. | l-amino acid oxidases (laaos) have been isolated from many organisms, such as snake, and are known to have antibacterial activity. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the cloning of cdna encoding a novel trichoderma harzianum ets 323 l-amino acid oxidase (th-l-aao). the protein was overexpressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. comparisons of its deduced amino acid sequence with the sequence of other l-aaos revealed the similarity to be between 9% and 24%. t ... | 2011 | 21797276 |
| interactions between trichoderma harzianum strain t22 and maize inbred line mo17 and effects of these interactions on diseases caused by pythium ultimum and colletotrichum graminicola. | abstract seed treatment with trichoderma harzianum strain t22, which results in colonization of plant roots but little or no colonization of shoots or leaves, had substantial effects on growth of and disease expression in maize inbred line mo17. shoots and roots of 10-day-old seedlings grown in a sandy loam field soil were larger (roots were nearly twice as long) in the presence of t22 than in its absence. both main and secondary roots were increased in size and area and the root hair area was g ... | 2004 | 18943537 |
| disease progression by active mycelial growth and biocontrol of pythium ultimum var. ultimum studied using a rhizobox system. | abstract this study demonstrates that outward growth of mycelium from primary foci through bulk potting mix to roots of adjoining plants can be an important means of spread of damping-off and root rot caused by pythium ultimum. the use of a rhizobox system, which confines plant roots, enabled us to study the spread of actively growing mycelium between root systems placed at precise distances from each other. in steamed potting mix, hyphae of p. ultimum on average grew 9.6 cm from diseased root t ... | 2000 | 18944533 |
| expression of endochitinase from trichoderma harzianum in transgenic apple increases resistance to apple scab and reduces vigor. | abstract the goal of this research was to improve scab resistance of apple by transformation with genes encoding chitinolytic enzymes from the bio-control organism trichoderma harzianum. the endochitinase gene, as cdna and genomic clones, was transferred into apple cv. marshall mcintosh by agrobacterium-transformation. a total of 15 lines were identified as transgenic by nptii enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction and confirmed by southern analysis. substantial differen ... | 2000 | 18944574 |
| effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro biological control of fusarium oxysporum by trichoderma harzianum (t8). | in this study the effect of two plant growth regulators (indolacetic acid, iaa and gibberellic acid, ga3) and also trichoderma harzianum (t8) on the phytopathogen fungus fusarium oxysporium (f15) was investigated. iaa and ga3 with 15 and 30 ppm concentration have no significant effect on t. harzianum (t8) growth. the biocontrol activity of t. harzianum on f. oxysporum was slightly decreased by the presence of iaa and/or ga3. addition of 40 ppm of ga3 to the culture medium of f. oxsporum increase ... | 2007 | 19090187 |
| comparative study of trichoderma gene expression in interactions with tomato plants using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays. | trichoderma spp. are widely used as biopesticides and biofertilizers to control diseases and to promote positive physiological responses in plants. in vitro and in vivo assays with trichoderma harzianum cect 2413 (t34), trichoderma virens gv29-8 (t87) and trichoderma hamatum imi 224801 (t7) revealed that these strains affected the growth and development of lateral roots in tomato plants in different ways. the early expression profiles of these trichoderma strains were studied after 20 h of incub ... | 2012 | 22075029 |
| identification of potential marker genes for trichoderma harzianum strains with high antagonistic potential against rhizoctonia solani by a rapid subtraction hybridization approach. | a rapid subtraction hybridization approach was used to isolate genes differentially expressed during mycelial contact between trichoderma harzianum (hypocrea lixii) and rhizoctonia solani, and could serve as marker genes for selection of superior biocontrol strains. putatively positive clones were evaluated by transcription analysis during mycelial contact with r. solani versus growth on glucose, and for their differential transcription between two strains with either strong or poor biocontrol c ... | 2009 | 19116716 |
| identification, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of antifungal trichoderma from tomato rhizosphere. | the use of trichoderma isolates with efficient antagonistic activity represents a potentially effective and alternative disease management strategy to replace health hazardous chemical control. in this context, twenty isolates were obtained from tomato rhizosphere and evaluated by their antagonistic activity against four fungal pathogens (fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, alternaria alternata, colletotrichum gloeosporoides and rhizoctonia solani). the production of extracellular cell wall d ... | 2016 | 27917337 |
| functional analysis of a subtilisin-like serine protease gene from biocontrol fungus trichoderma harzianum. | the subtilisin-like serine protease gene thss45 has been cloned from trichoderma harzianum accc30371. its coding region is 1302 bp in length, encoding 433 amino acids, with a predicted protein molecular weight of 44.9 kda and pi of 5.91. thss45 was shown by rt-qpcr analysis to be differentially transcribed in response to eight different treatments. the transcription of thss45 was up-regulated when grown in mineral medium, under carbon starvation, and nitrogen starvation, and in the presence of 1 ... | 2014 | 24500477 |
| antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of honey collected from timergara (dir, pakistan). | in this study honeys of acacia modesta, prunus persica, zizyphus sativa and isodon rogosus plants were tested against two gram-positive bacterial strains (staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus), two gram-negative bacterial strains (klebsilla pneumonia and escherichia coli) and two fungal strains (alternaria alternata and trichoderma harzianum) through agar well diffusion method. the tested honeys showed high antimicrobial activities to the tested bacterial and fungal strains. all the tested ... | 2014 | 24374434 |
| [formation peculiarities of quercus robur l. acorn mycobiota under conditions of kyiv polissya]. | the structure of mycobiota (epiphytic and from inner tissues) of q. robur acorns (580 samples) under conditions of kyiv polissya was studied. acorn samples were collected from oak trees during vegetation period. the epiphytes and mycobiota isolated from inner tissues of acorns was represented by 38 and 20 species, respectively. the majority of fungi were isolated in july. cosmopolitan and non-specific species acremonium sp., alternaria alternata, cladosporium cladosporioides, trichoderma harzian ... | 2013 | 24006787 |
| biological control of alternaria fruit rot of chili by trichoderma species under field conditions. | trichoderma strains were evaluated under field conditions to assay their efficacy in suppressing alternaria fruit rot disease and promoting chili plant growth. the experiment was conducted at the botanical garden, rajshahi university, bangladesh from july 2006 to march 2007. application of trichoderma harzianum imi 392432 significantly (p = 0.05) suppressed the disease compared to alternaria tenuis (t2) treatment and improved both growth and yield. the treatment t4 (t. harzianum imi-392432 + a. ... | 2010 | 23956637 |
| production of soluble crude protein using cellulolytic fungi on rice stubble as substrate under waste program management. | the investigation was undertaken to enhance the decomposition process by pre-treatment of rice stubble, having higher concentration of lignin. air-dried rice stubble was treated with 1.8 liter of 1% naoh and autoclaved. six cellulolytic fungi, trichoderma harzianum, penicillium citrinum, curvularia lunata, aspergillus flavus and alternaria alternata were grown in basal synthetic medium along with delignified rice-residue as carbon source for production of soluble crude protein. though the loss o ... | 2005 | 24049491 |
| effect of agricultural amendments on cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) and its rhizospheric microbial communities--a comparison between chemical fertilizers and bioinoculants. | inoculation of leguminous seeds with bioinoculants has been practiced in agriculture for decades to ameliorate grain yield by enhanced growth parameters and soil fertility. however, effective enhancement of plant growth parameters results not only from the direct effects these bioinoculants impose on them but also from their non-target effects. the ability of bioinoculants to reduce the application of chemicals for obtaining optimum yield of legume appears to be of great ecological and economic ... | 2015 | 26231030 |
| antimicrobial and inhibition on heat-induced protein denaturation of constituents isolated from polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. | this study was designed to assess the susceptibility of various microorganisms and inhibition on heat-induced protein denaturation against diosgenin and santonin, isolated from polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. both diosgenin and santonin showed significant zone of inhibition when studied against various gram-positive (bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli and salmonella typhi). in antifungal assay ... | 2015 | 25553804 |
| biodegradation of pesticides using fungi species found in the aquatic environment. | relatively limited attention has been given to the presence of fungi in the aquatic environment compared to their occurrence in other matrices. taking advantage and recognizing the biodegradable capabilities of fungi is important, since these organisms may produce many potent enzymes capable of degrading toxic pollutants. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential ability of some species of filamentous fungi that occur in the aquatic environment to degrade pesticides in untre ... | 2015 | 25860553 |
| nitrogen metabolism and growth enhancement in tomato plants challenged with trichoderma harzianum expressing the aspergillus nidulans acetamidase amds gene. | trichoderma is a fungal genus that includes species that are currently being used as biological control agents and/or as biofertilizers. in addition to the direct application of trichoderma spp. as biocontrol agents in plant protection, recent studies have focused on the beneficial responses exerted on plants, stimulating the growth, activating the defenses, and/or improving nutrient uptake. the amds gene, encoding an acetamidase of aspergillus, has been used as a selectable marker for the trans ... | 2016 | 27536277 |
| genetic transformation of knufia petricola a95 - a model organism for biofilm-material interactions. | we established a protoplast-based system to transfer dna to knufia petricola strain a95, a melanised rock-inhabiting microcolonial fungus that is also a component of a model sub-aerial biofilm (sab) system. to test whether the desiccation resistant, highly melanised cell walls would hinder protoplast formation, we treated a melanin-minus mutant of a95 as well as the type-strain with a variety of cell-degrading enzymes. of the different enzymes tested, lysing enzymes from trichoderma harzianum we ... | 2014 | 25401079 |
| evaluating the effects of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation on antifungal and radical scavenging activities of oliveria decumbens and chaerophyllum macropodum essential oils. | in this study, radical scavenging and antifungal activities of chaerophyllum macropodum and oliveria decumbens essential oils (eos) extracted with microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (mahd) were evaluated in comparison with the same eos extracted by conventional hydrodistillation (hd). the final eo yields that were obtained using hd (after 150 min) and mahd (after 45 min) were 1.72 and 1.67% for c. macropodum and 8.10 and 7.91% for o. decumbens, respectively. there were no significant differenc ... | 2017 | 28371590 |
| phosphate dissolving fungi: mechanism and application in alleviation of salt stress in wheat. | the present investigation reveals the solubilization efficiency of tri-calcium phosphate (tcp), udaipur rock phosphate (urp), aluminium phosphate (ap) and ferric phosphate (fp) by aspergillus niger (itcc 6719) and trichoderma harzianum (itcc 6721) as function of carbon concentrations. increasing glucose concentration from 1 to 7% in the growth medium, though improved the phosphorus (p) solubilization significantly but each fungal strain preferred different optimum carbon concentrations for media ... | 2016 | 27825490 |
| isolation of fungi from heterodera glycines and in vitro bioassays for their antagonism to eggs. | twenty fungi were assayed in vitro for antagonism to eggs of heterodera glycines. eight of the fungi were isolated from cysts or eggs of h. glycines during the current study, one was isolated from panagrellus redivivus, and eleven were obtained from other researchers or collections. the bioassays were conducted on eggs from nematodes that had been grown monoxenically on excised root tips. phoma chrysanthemicola, one strain of verticillium chlamydosporium, and one strain of v. lecanii caused a de ... | 1990 | 19287754 |
| winery biomass waste degradation by sequential sonication and mixed fungal enzyme treatments. | to increase the efficiency of winery-derived biomass biodegradation, grape pomace was ultrasonicated for 20min in the presence of 0.25m, 0.5mand1.0mkoh and 1.0mnaoh. this was followed by treatment with a 1:1 (v/v) mix of crude enzyme preparation derived from phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor for 18h and a further 18h treatment with a 60:14:4:2 percent ratio combination of enzymes derived from aspergillus niger: penicillium chrysogenum: trichoderma harzianum: p. citrinum, repsec ... | 2016 | 27599392 |
| characterization of the cellulolytic secretome of trichoderma harzianum during growth on sugarcane bagasse and analysis of the activity boosting effects of swollenin. | this study demonstrates the production of an active enzyme cocktail produced by growing trichoderma harzianum on sugarcane bagasse. the component enzymes were identified by lcms-ms. glycosyl hydrolases were the most abundant class of proteins, representing 67% of total secreted protein. other carbohydrate active enzymes involved in cell wall deconstruction included lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases (aa9), carbohydrate-binding modules, carbohydrate esterases and swollenin, all present at level ... | 2016 | 26697775 |
| genetic and metabolic biodiversity of trichoderma from colombia and adjacent neotropic regions. | the genus trichoderma has been studied for production of enzymes and other metabolites, as well as for exploitation as effective biological control agents. the biodiversity of trichoderma has seen relatively limited study over much of the neotropical region. in the current study we assess the biodiversity of 183 isolates from mexico, guatemala, panama, ecuador, peru, brazil and colombia, using morphological, metabolic and genetic approaches. a comparatively high diversity of species was found, c ... | 2009 | 19439189 |
| cytoskeleton and mitochondrial morphology of saprotrophs and the pathogen heterobasidion annosum in the presence of suillus bovinus metabolites. | ectomycorrhizal fungi are known to synthesize antifungal compounds both in vitro and in symbiosis with the host-plants. culture filtrates of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus (at phs of 2.5-6) showed antifungal activity towards saprotrophs trichoderma harzianum, and trichoderma virens and the pathogen heterobasidion annosum, by significantly suppressing their growth relative to sterile liquid medium at the same phs. in the presence of the culture filtrates, hyphae of the saprotrophs and ... | 2009 | 19539761 |
| untargeted metabolic profiling of vitis vinifera during fungal degradation. | this paper illustrates the application of an untargeted metabolic profiling analysis of winery-derived biomass degraded using four filamentous fungi (trichoderma harzianum, aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum and p. citrinum) and a yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). analysis of the metabolome resulted in the identification of 233 significant peak features [p < 0.05; fold change (fc) > 2 and signal-to-noise ratio >50] using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry followed by statistical chemom ... | 2015 | 25868913 |
| Rice straw-decomposing fungi and their cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes. | Filamentous fungi colonizing rice straw were collected from 11 different sites in Korea and were identified based on characterization of their morphology and molecular properties. The fungi were divided into 25 species belonging to 16 genera, including 14 ascomycetes, one zygomycete, and one basidiomycete. Fungal cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes were assessed through a two-step process, wherein highly active cellulase- and/or hemicellulaseproducing fungi were selected in a first screening st ... | 2011 | 22210620 |
| cotransformation of trichoderma harzianum with beta-glucuronidase and green fluorescent protein genes provides a useful tool for monitoring fungal growth and activity in natural soils. | trichoderma harzianum was cotransformed with genes encoding green fluorescent protein (gfp), beta-glucuronidase (gus), and hygromycin b (hygb) resistance, using polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation. one cotransformant (thzid1-m3) was mitotically stable for 6 months despite successive subculturing without selection pressure. thzid1-m3 morphology was similar to that of the wild type; however, the mycelial growth rate on agar was reduced. thzid1-m3 was formed into calcium alginate pellets an ... | 2000 | 10653755 |
| potential of various fungi for biomass production of castor. | an experiment was conducted to evaluate biomass production of castor (ricinus communis) with inoculation of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf), trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger. in castor, dual treatment of mycorrhiza and t. harzianum was better for shoot length (29.5 cm), root length (40.3 cm), fresh shoot weight (4.90 g), fresh root weight (1.13 g), number of leaves (10) and leaf area (75.5 cm2) than dual treatment of mycorrhiza and a. niger or mycorrhiza alone. these finding ... | 2013 | 24511751 |
| antifungal cyclic lipopeptides from bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bo5a. | a bioassay-guided fractionation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bo5a afforded the isolation of two new cyclic lipopeptides (1 and 2) as the major lipid constituents (>60%) of the chcl3-meoh (2:1) extract. the chemical structures of the isolated metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (ms), secondary ion mass spectrometry (ms1, ms2), and chemical degradation. the compounds are members of the surfactins family and are based ... | 2013 | 24164115 |
| spirostane, furostane and cholestane saponins from persian leek with antifungal activity. | a phytochemical investigation of the seeds of persian leek afforded the isolation of two new spirostane glycosides, persicosides a (1) and b (2), four new furostane glycosides, isolated as a couple of inseparable mixture, persicosides c1/c2 (3a/3b) and d1/d2 (4a/4b), one cholestane glycoside, persicoside e (5), together with the furostane glycosides ceposides a1/a2 and c1/c2 (6a/6b and 7a/7b), tropeosides a1/a2 and b1/b2 (8a/8b and 9a/9b), and ascalonicoside a1/a2 (10a/10b), already described in ... | 2013 | 23790946 |
| antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of isolated compounds from leaves of breonadia salicina. | breonadia salicina is used traditionally to treat wounds, ulcers, fevers, headaches, and fungal infections. the aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of the plant extract and compounds isolated there from. | 2013 | 23727185 |
| integrated use of biocontrol agents with fungicides to control wilt incidence in pigeon-pea. | when trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger, as biocontrol agents, were included with two fungicides, foltaf 80w (captafol 80%) and blue copper-50, for the treatment of pigeon-pea wilt, the disease was more effectively controlled than when the fungicides were used alone. accordingly, decreased amounts of the fungicides could be used to control the disease without adversely affecting the growth of pigeon-pea. | 1995 | 24414914 |
| new insights in trichoderma harzianum antagonism of fungal plant pathogens by secreted protein analysis. | trichoderma harzianum all42 were capable of overgrowing and degrading rhizoctonia solani and macrophomina phaseolina mycelia, coiling around the hyphae with formation of apressoria and hook-like structures. hyphae of t. harzianum all42 did not show any coiling around fusarium sp. hyphae suggesting that mycoparasitism may be different among the plant pathogens. in this study, a secretome analysis was used to identify some extracellular proteins secreted by t. harzianum all42 after growth on cell ... | 2010 | 20213103 |
| trichoderma harzianum ioc-4038: a promising strain for the production of a cellulolytic complex with significant β-glucosidase activity from sugarcane bagasse cellulignin. | sugarcane bagasse is an agroindustrial residue generated in large amounts in brazil. this biomass can be used for the production of cellulases, aiming at their use in second-generation processes for bioethanol production. therefore, this work reports the ability of a fungal strain, trichoderma harzianum ioc-4038, to produce cellulases on a novel material, xylan free and cellulose rich, generated from sugarcane bagasse, named partially delignified cellulignin. the extract produced by t. harzianum ... | 2010 | 20455032 |
| an innovative brilliant blue fcf method for fluorescent staining of fungi and bacteria. | abstract most natural and synthetic dyes currently used for microbial fluorescent staining are toxic or carcinogenic and are harmful to animals, humans and the environment. a food dye for microbial staining, brilliant blue fcf, was used as an alternative to lactofuchsin and lactophenol blue. brilliant blue fcf shows pronounced microbial cell fluorescence staining of an array of pathogenic/toxigenic (fusarium granunearum 3- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol chemotypes, and escherichia coli o157:h7) and ... | 2010 | 20560873 |
| exposure to bioaerosols during the growth season of tomatoes in an organic greenhouse using supresivit (trichoderma harzianum) and mycostop (streptomyces griseoviridis). | in working environments, especially in confined spaces like greenhouses, elevated concentrations of airborne microorganisms may become a problem for workers' health. additionally, the use of microbial pest control agents (mpcas) may increase exposure to microorganisms. the aim of this study was to investigate tomato growers' exposure to naturally occurring bioaerosol components [dust, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, (1-->3)-beta-d-glucans, and endotoxin] and mpcas applied by drip irrigation. air ... | 2010 | 20622135 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of chiv gene to trichoderma harzianum. | as a soil-borne filamentous fungus, trichoderma harzianum exhibits biological control properties because it parasitizes a large variety of phytopathogenic fungi. in this study, the vectors pbi121 and pcambia1301 and cloning vector puc18 were used to successfully construct expression vector pca-gchiv for filamentous fungi transformation mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens.the chiv gene was successfully transferred into the biocontrol fungus t. harzianum with an efficiency of 90-110 transformant ... | 2010 | 20936373 |
| cumulative role of bioinoculants on growth, antioxidant potential and artemisinin content in artemisia annua l. under organic field conditions. | artemisia annua l. is mostly known for a bioactive metabolite, artemisinin, an effective sesquiterpene lactone used against malaria without any reputed cases of resistance. in this experiment, bioinoculants viz., streptomyces sp. mtn14, bacillus megaterium mtn2rp and trichoderma harzianum thu were applied as growth promoting substances to exploit full genetic potential of crops in terms of growth, yield, nutrient uptake and particularly artemisinin content. further, multi-use of the bioinoculant ... | 2016 | 27565777 |
| exploitation of microbes for enhancing bacoside content and reduction of meloidogyne incognita infestation in bacopa monnieri l. | despite the vast exploration of rhizospheric microbial wealth for crop yield enhancement, knowledge about the efficacy of microbial agents as biocontrol weapons against root-knot disease is scarce, especially in medicinal plants, viz., bacopa monnieri. in the present investigation, rhizospheric microbes, viz., bacillus megaterium, glomus intraradices, trichoderma harzianum thu, and their combinations were evaluated for the management of meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood and bacos ... | 2015 | 24841892 |
| species diversity, distribution, and genetic structure of endophytic and epiphytic trichoderma associated with banana roots. | selective isolation, molecular identification and aflp were used to investigate the distribution of the various species of endophytic and epiphytic trichoderma associated with banana roots and to compare and contrast their genetic structure. three specific groups of trichoderma were observed in the roots of banana. group one, which made up the largest population, comprised t. asperellum, t. virens, and hypocrea lixii, which were isolated from both inside and on the surface of the banana roots, w ... | 2010 | 21063870 |
| biological control of diseases of vegetables grown hydroponically in thailand: challenge and opportunity. | in thailand, yield loss due to plant diseases in vegetables grown hydroponically is very high as a result of the growers` lack of knowledge for controlling diseases and their un- willingness to invest in setting-up the proper hydroponic system from the beginning. severe root rot disease caused by pythium spp. is frequent and can be anticipated in the hot climate in thailand. | 2015 | 27076090 |
| microbe-based technology ameliorates glandular trichomes, secondary metabolites and antioxidants in pelargonium graveolens l'hér. | despite the vast exploration of microbes for plant health, there is a lack of knowledge about the synergistic effects of specific microorganisms in sustainable agriculture, especially in medicinal plants such as pelargonium graveolens l'hér. the aim of this study was to evaluate how synergistic microbes trichoderma harzianum thu, glomus intraradices and bacillus subtilis cim affected crop productivity, secondary metabolites and glandular trichome number in p. graveolens. | 2016 | 26762896 |
| comparative proteomic analysis in pea treated with microbial consortia of beneficial microbes reveals changes in the protein network to enhance resistance against sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | microbial consortia may provide protection against pathogenic ingress via enhancing plant defense responses. pseudomonas aeruginosa pjhu15, trichoderma harzianum tnhu27 and bacillus subtilis bhhu100 were used either singly or in consortia in the pea rhizosphere to observe proteome level changes upon sclerotinia sclerotiorum challenge. thirty proteins were found to increase or decrease differentially in 2-de gels of pea leaves, out of which 25 were identified by maldi-tof ms or ms/ms. these prote ... | 2015 | 26067380 |
| biological management of sclerotinia sclerotiorum in pea using plant growth promoting microbial consortium. | the beneficial plant-microbe interactions play crucial roles in protection against large number of plant pathogens causing disease. the present study aims to investigate the growth promoting traits induced by beneficial microbes namely pseudomonas aeruginosa pjhu15, trichoderma harzianum tnhu27, and bacillus subtilis bhhu100 treated singly and in combinations under greenhouse and field conditions to control sclerotinia sclerotiorum. plants treated with three microbe consortium enhanced plant gro ... | 2015 | 25727183 |
| control of root rot and wilt diseases of roselle under field conditions. | roselle (hibiscus sabdariffa l.) is one of the most important medicinal crops in many parts of the world. in this study, the effects of microelements, antioxidants, and bioagents on fusarium oxysporum, f. solani, and macrophomina phaseolina, the causal pathogens of root rot and wilt diseases in roselle, were examined under field conditions. preliminary studies were carried out in vitro in order to select the most effective members to be used in field control trials. our results showed that micro ... | 2014 | 25606010 |
| biocontrol agents-mediated suppression of oxalic acid induced cell death during sclerotinia sclerotiorum-pea interaction. | oxalic acid (oa) is an important pathogenic factor during early sclerotinia sclerotiorum-host interaction and might work by reducing hydrogen peroxide production (h2 o2 ). in the present investigation, oxalic acid-induced cell death in pea was studied. pea plants treated with biocontrol agents (bcas) viz., pseudomonas aeruginosa pjhu15, bacillus subtilis bhhu100, and trichoderma harzianum tnhu27 either singly and/or in consortium acted on s. sclerotiorum indirectly by enabling plants to inhibit ... | 2015 | 24920251 |
| selectivity of organic products to trichogramma pretiosum riley (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae). | the selectivity of various entomopathogens and one insecticide (chlorpyrifos = positive control) to trichogramma pretiosum riley (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) was evaluated in the laboratory, using the protocol established by the working group on "pesticides and beneficial organisms" of the iobc. the evaluated parameters were parasitism (%), adult emergence (%), and product repellency to the parasitoid when sprayed on host eggs prior to parasitism (free-choice and no-choice tests). most of th ... | 2015 | 26267248 |
| leaf microbiota of strawberries as affected by biological control agents. | the increasing use of biological control agents (bcas) against botrytis cinerea in strawberry raises the question of whether there are any undesirable impacts of foliar applications of bcas on nontarget microorganisms in the phyllosphere. therefore, our objective was to investigate this issue within a field study. strawberry plants were repeatedly sprayed with three bcas-namely, rhizovital 42 fl. (bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42), trianum-p (trichoderma harzianum t22), and naturalis (beauveria ... | 2013 | 24020904 |
| insights into the structure and function of fungal β-mannosidases from glycoside hydrolase family 2 based on multiple crystal structures of the trichoderma harzianum enzyme. | hemicellulose is an important part of the plant cell wall biomass, and is relevant to cellulosic ethanol technologies. β-mannosidases are enzymes capable of cleaving nonreducing residues of β-d-mannose from β-d-mannosides and hemicellulose mannose-containing polysaccharides, such as mannans and galactomannans. β-mannosidases are distributed between glycoside hydrolase (gh) families 1, 2, and 5, and only a handful of the enzymes have been structurally characterized to date. the only published x-r ... | 2014 | 24975648 |
| detoxification of toxic phorbol esters from malaysian jatropha curcas linn. kernel by trichoderma spp. and endophytic fungi. | the presence of phorbol esters (pes) with toxic properties limits the use of jatropha curcas kernel in the animal feed industry. therefore, suitable methods to detoxify pes have to be developed to render the material safe as a feed ingredient. in the present study, the biological treatment of the extracted pes-rich fraction with non-pathogenic fungi (trichoderma harzianum jq350879.1, t. harzianum jq517493.1, paecilomyces sinensis jq350881.1, cladosporium cladosporioides jq517491.1, fusarium chla ... | 2014 | 24504029 |
| differential expression of maize chitinases in the presence or absence of trichoderma harzianum strain t22 and indications of a novel exo- endo-heterodimeric chitinase activity. | the interaction of plants with endophytic symbiotic fungi in the genus trichoderma alters the plant proteome and transcriptome and results in enhanced plant growth and resistance to diseases. in a previous study, we identified the numerous chitinolytic enzyme families and individual enzymes in maize which are implicated in plant disease resistance and other plant responses. | 2010 | 20594307 |
| proteomic analysis of grapevine resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 reveals specific defence pathways activated against downy mildew. | downy mildew is caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola and is one of the most serious diseases of grapevine. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) has previously been shown to induce plant-mediated resistance and to reduce the severity of downy mildew in susceptible grapevines. in order to better understand the cellular processes associated with t39-induced resistance, the proteomic and histochemical changes activated by t39 in grapevine were investigated before and 1 ... | 2012 | 23105132 |
| production of trichodiene by trichoderma harzianum alters the perception of this biocontrol strain by plants and antagonized fungi. | trichothecenes are phytotoxic sesquiterpenic mycotoxins that can act as virulence factors in plant diseases. harzianum a (ha) is a non-phytotoxic trichothecene produced by trichoderma arundinaceum. the first step in ha biosynthesis is the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene (td), a volatile organic compound (voc), catalysed by a sesquiterpene synthase encoded by the tri5 gene. expression of tri5 in the biocontrol strain trichoderma harzianum cect 2413 resulted in production of td i ... | 2015 | 24813508 |
| systemic resistance to gray mold induced in tomato by benzothiadiazole and trichoderma harzianum t39. | gray mold (botrytis cinerea) is an important disease of tomato (solanum lycopersicum). this study examined defense-related gene expression involved in the resistance to b. cinerea that is induced in tomato plants by benzothiadiazole and trichoderma harzianum t39 soil drench. in whole plants, transcriptional changes related to salicylic acid and ethylene were induced by the application of a 0.01% benzothiadiazole solution, whereas changes related to jasmonic acid were induced by the application o ... | 2014 | 24047252 |
| construction of a streptomyces lydicus a01 transformant with a chit42 gene from trichoderma harzianum p1 and evaluation of its biocontrol activity against botrytis cinerea. | streptomyces lydicus a01 and trichoderma harzianum p1 are potential biocontrol agents of fungal diseases in plants. s. lydicus a01 produces natamycin to bind the ergosterol of the fungal cell membrane and inhibits the growth of botrytis cinerea. t. harzianum p1, on the other hand, features high chitinase activity and decomposes the chitin in the cell wall of b. cinerea. to obtain the synergistic biocontrol effects of chitinase and natamycin on botrytis cinerea, this study transformed the chit42 ... | 2013 | 23625216 |
| antagonism of trichoderma harzianum ets 323 on botrytis cinerea mycelium in culture conditions. | abstract previous studies have shown that the extracellular proteins of trichoderma harzianum ets 323 grown in the presence of deactivated botrytis cinerea in culture include a putative l-amino acid oxidase and have suggested the involvement of this enzyme in the antagonistic mechanism. here, we hypothesized that the mycoparasitic process of trichoderma spp. against b. cinerea involves two steps; that is, an initial hyphal coiling stage and a subsequent hyphal coiling stage, with different coili ... | 2012 | 22734558 |
| antifungal saponins from bulbs of garlic, allium sativum l. var. voghiera. | a bioassay-guided phytochemical analysis of the polar extract from the bulbs of garlic, allium sativum l., var. voghiera, typical of voghiera, ferrara (italy), allowed the isolation of ten furostanol saponins; voghieroside a1/a2 and voghieroside b1/b2, based on the rare agapanthagenin aglycone; voghieroside c1/c2, based on agigenin aglycone; and voghieroside d1/d2 and e1/e2, based on gitogenin aglycone. in addition, we found two known spirostanol saponins, agigenin 3-o-trisaccharide and gitogeni ... | 2012 | 22513009 |
| improved sanguinarine production via biotic and abiotic elicitations and precursor feeding in cell suspensions of latex-less variety of papaver somniferum with their gene expression studies and upscaling in bioreactor. | elicitors play an important role in challenging the plant defense system through plant-environment interaction and thus altering the secondary metabolite production. culture filtrates of four endophytic fungi, namely, chaetomium globosum, aspergillus niveoglaucus, paecilomyces lilacinus, and trichoderma harzianum were tested on embryogenic cell suspensions of latex-less papaver somniferum in dose-dependent kinetics. besides this, abiotic elicitors salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and carbon di ... | 2014 | 24677097 |
| in vitro antagonism of cotton seedlings fungi and characterization of chitinase isozyme activities in trichoderma harzianum. | the antagonistic fungus trichoderma harzianum is widely recognized as a potential biocontrol agent against several soil-borne plant pathogens. t. harzinum is rich source of chitinoltic enzymes. in vitro screening of 5 isolates of t. harzinum, one isolate of chaetomium globosum and one isolate of conetherium mentance, revealed that all of them had reduced growth area of macrophomina phaseolina, fusarium solani and rhizoctonia solani on pda medium, significantly. the inhibition percentage ranged f ... | 2010 | 23961072 |
| systemic resistance to powdery mildew in brassica napus (aacc) and raphanus alboglabra (rrcc) by trichoderma harzianum th12. | trichoderma harzianum th12 is a microbial pesticide for certain rapeseed diseases. the mechanism of systemic resistance induced by th12 or its cell-free culture filtrate (cf) in brassica napus (aacc) and raphanus alboglabra (rrcc) to powdery mildew disease caused by ascomycete erysiphe cruciferarum was investigated. in this study, we conducted the first large-scale global study on the cellular and molecular aspects of b. napus and r. alboglabra infected with e. cruciferarum. the histological stu ... | 2015 | 26540161 |
| colonization of onions by endophytic fungi and their impacts on the biology of thrips tabaci. | endophytic fungi, which live within host plant tissues without causing any visible symptom of infection, are important mutualists that mediate plant-herbivore interactions. thrips tabaci (lindeman) is one of the key pests of onion, allium cepa l., an economically important agricultural crop cultivated worldwide. however, information on endophyte colonization of onions, and their impacts on the biology of thrips feeding on them, is lacking. we tested the colonization of onion plants by selected f ... | 2014 | 25254657 |
| microfungi in highly copper-contaminated soils from an abandoned fe-cu sulphide mine: growth responses, tolerance and bioaccumulation. | copper is one of the most dangerous soil contaminants. soils affected by high copper concentrations show low biodiversity and, above all, inadequate environmental quality. microorganisms such as fungi can play a key role in metal-polluted ecosystems via colonization and decontamination. the study is devoted to characterize the microfungal community in highly cu-contaminated bare soil from derelict fe-cu sulphide mines and to isolate microfungal strains able to tolerate and accumulate cu. 11 diff ... | 2014 | 25240213 |
| influence of rhizoctonia solani and trichoderma spp. in growth of bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) and in the induction of plant defense-related genes. | many trichoderma species are well-known for their ability to promote plant growth and defense. we study how the interaction of bean plants with r. solani and/or trichoderma affect the plants growth and the level of expression of defense-related genes. trichoderma isolates were evaluated in vitro for their potential to antagonize r. solani. bioassays were performed in climatic chambers and development of the plants was evaluated. the effect of trichoderma treatment and/or r. solani infection on t ... | 2015 | 26442006 |
| degradation of dyes using crude extract and a thermostable and ph-stable laccase isolated from pleurotus nebrodensis. | three laccase isoenzymes (lac1, lac2 and lac3) have been purified to homogeneity from pleurotus nebrodensis in our previous study. lac2 was shown to be the dominant isoform, capable of oxidizing the majority of laccase substrates and manifesting good thermostability and ph stability. hence, lac2 was selected to decolourize structurally different dyes and the colour removal efficiencies of lac2 and the crude extract of p. nebrodensis were compared. by monitoring the λmax of the reaction system du ... | 2016 | 27354563 |
| de novo transcriptome analyses of host-fungal interactions in oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq.). | basal stem rot (bsr) is a fungal disease in oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq.) which is caused by hemibiotrophic white rot fungi belonging to the ganoderma genus. molecular responses of oil palm to these pathogens are not well known although this information is crucial to strategize effective measures to eradicate bsr. in order to elucidate the molecular interactions between oil palm and g. boninense and its biocontrol fungus trichoderma harzianum, we compared the root transcriptomes of untreate ... | 2016 | 26781612 |
| differential response of extracellular proteases of trichoderma harzianum against fungal phytopathogens. | in the present study, production of extracellular proteases by trichoderma harzianum was evaluated based on the relative gene expression and spectrophotometric assay. the fungal isolates were grown in czapek dox broth medium supplemented with deactivated mycelium of plant fungal pathogens such as fusarium oxysporum, colletotrichum capsici, gloeocercospora sorghi, and colletotrichum truncatum. the maximum protease activity was detected after 48 h of incubation against colletotrichum spp. similarl ... | 2016 | 27278806 |
| trichoderma harzianum t-22 induces systemic resistance in tomato infected by cucumber mosaic virus. | understanding the induction of plant defenses against viruses using biocontrol agents is essential for developing new strategies against these pathogens, given the ineffectiveness of chemical treatments. the ability of trichoderma harzianum, strain t-22 (t22) to control cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) in solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme plants and the changes in the physiology of tomato treated/infected with t22/cmv were examined. plant growth-promoting effects, photosynthetic performance, reac ... | 2016 | 27777581 |
| suppression of the biocontrol agent trichoderma harzianum by mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices in root-free soil | trichoderma harzianum is an effective biocontrol agent against several fungal soilborne plant pathogens. however, possible adverse effects of this fungus on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi might be a drawback in its use in plant protection. the objective of the present work was to examine the interaction between glomus intraradices and t. harzianum in soil. the use of a compartmented growth system with root-free soil compartments enabled us to study fungal interactions without the interfering effec ... | 1999 | 10103232 |
| production and multiplication of native compost fungal activator by using different substrates and its influence on growth and development of capsicum chinensis jacq. "bhut jolokia". | in vitro experiment was carried out to see the effect of saw dusts of pinus kesiya, shorea robusta, and callicarpa arborea on trichoderma harzianum, isolate th-13 mass production, along with its biotization effect on capsicum chinensis jacq. "bhut jolokia." early mycelium initiation (2 days) occurred in s. robusta followed by p. kesiya and c. arborea (3.5 days). the sporulation was observed earlier in s. robusta (100% after 6 days) than p. kesiya (33.4% after 8 days) and c. arborea (16.7% after ... | 2015 | 25632354 |
| construction and functional analysis of trichoderma harzianum mutants that modulate maize resistance to the pathogen curvularia lunata. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was used to generate an insertional mutant library of the mycelial fungus trichoderma harzianum. from a total of 450 mutants, six mutants that showed significant influence on maize resistance to c. lunata were analyzed in detail. maize coated with these mutants was more susceptible to c. lunata compared with those coated with a wild-type (wt) strain. similar to other fungal atmt libraries, all six mutants were single copy integrations, whi ... | 2014 | 24901960 |
| synthesis, spectral investigation (¹h, ¹³c) and anti-microbial screening of benzophenone imines. | new series of benzophenone imines with general formula ph2-c=nr; r = benzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, naphthyl, phenyl, 4-nitrophenyl were synthesized by condensation of dichlorodiphenylmethane and different aromatic primary amines (1:1) those imines were characterized by different physiochemical and spectroscopic techniques like melting point, elemental analysis, ft-ir, multinuclear nmr (¹h, ¹³c). after characterization, imines were subjected to anti-microbial activities. all compounds showed promising ... | 2015 | 26639485 |
| characterization of a novel resistance-related deoxycytidine deaminase from brassica oleracea var. capitata. | brassica oleracea deoxycytidine deaminase (bodcd), a deoxycytidine deaminase (dcd, ec 3.5.4.14) enzyme, is known to play an important role in the trichoderma harzianum ets 323 mediated resistance mechanism in young leaves of b. oleracea var. capitata during rhizoctonia solani infection. bodcd potentially neutralizes cytotoxic products of host lipoxygenase activity, and thereby bodcd restricts the hypersensitivity-related programmed cell death induced in plants during the initial stages of infect ... | 2014 | 24475736 |
| thc6 protein, isolated from trichoderma harzianum, can induce maize defense response against curvularia lunata. | mutant t66 was isolated from 450 mutants (constructed with agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method) of trichoderma harzianum. maize seeds coated with t66 were more susceptible to curvularia lunata when compared with those coated with wild-type (wt) strain. the disease index of maize treated with t66 and wt were 62.5 and 42.1%, respectively. further research showed t-dna has inserted into the orf of one gene, which resulted in the functional difference between wt and t66. the gen ... | 2015 | 24771614 |
| identification and characterization of ethanol utilizing fungal flora of oil refinery contaminated soil. | the indigenous fungal flora of three oil refinery contaminated sites (bharuch, valsad and vadodara) of india has been documented in the present investigation. a total seventy-five fungal morphotypes were isolated from these sites and out of them, only fifteen isolates were capable of utilizing ethanol (0-8%; v:v) as a sole source of carbon and energy for growth. ten percent ethanol was completely lethal for the growth of all the isolated fungus. biochemical characterization of the potent ethanol ... | 2014 | 24068535 |
| [presearch on preventing the medicinal plant diseases with trichoderma harzianum preparation]. | to control the medicinal plant diseases with the preparation of trichoderma harzianum. | 2003 | 15015261 |
| trichoderma harzianum containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and chitinase improved growth and diminished adverse effect caused by fusarium oxysporum in soybean. | an isolate, named trichoderma harzianum t-soybean, showed growth-promoting for soybean seedlings and induced resistance to fusarium oxysporum under greenhouse. compared to control soybean seedlings, fresh weight, dry weight, lateral root number, chlorophyll content, root activity and soluble protein of plants pretreated with t-soybean increased, but initial pod height reduced. furthermore, we found that t-soybean inhibited the growth of f. oxysporum by parasitic function. in addition, plate test ... | 2017 | 28135657 |
| design of an enzyme cocktail consisting of different fungal platforms for efficient hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse: optimization and synergism studies. | lignocellulosic materials represent a very important and promising source of renewable biomass. in order to turn them into fermentable sugars, synergism among the different enzymes that carry out bioconversion of these materials is one of the main factors that should be considered. experimental mixture design was performed to optimize the proportion of enzymes produced by native strains of trichoderma harzianum ioc 3844, penicillium funiculosum atcc 11797, and aspergillus niger atcc 1004, result ... | 2016 | 27254751 |
| changes induced by trichoderma harzianum in suppressive compost controlling fusarium wilt. | the addition of species of trichoderma to compost is a widespread technique used to control different plant diseases. the biological control activity of these species is mainly attributable to a combination of several mechanisms of action, which may affect the microbiota involved in the suppressiveness of compost. this study was therefore performed to determine the effect of inoculation of trichoderma harzianum (t. harzianum) on compost, focusing on bacterial community structure (16s rrna) and c ... | 2013 | 25149244 |
| fusarium oxysporum induces the production of proteins and volatile organic compounds by trichoderma harzianum t-e5. | trichoderma species have been used widely as biocontrol agents for the suppression of soil-borne pathogens. however, some antagonistic mechanisms of trichoderma are not well characterized. in this study, a series of laboratory experiments were designed to characterize the importance of mycoparasitism, exoenzymes, and volatile organic compounds (vocs) by trichoderma harzianum t-e5 for the control of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (foc). we further tested whether these mechanisms were induc ... | 2014 | 25135494 |
| phytohormone profiles induced by trichoderma isolates correspond with their biocontrol and plant growth-promoting activity on melon plants. | the application of trichoderma strains with biocontrol and plant growth-promoting capacities to plant substrates can help reduce the input of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. some trichoderma isolates can directly affect plant pathogens, but they also are known to influence the phytohormonal network of their host plant, thus leading to an improvement of plant growth and stress tolerance. in this study, we tested whether alterations in the phytohormone signature induced by diff ... | 2014 | 25023078 |
| strategies utilized by trophically diverse fungal species for pinus sylvestris root colonization. | physiological changes in host plants in response to the broad spectrum of fungal modes of infection are still not well understood. the current study was conducted to better understand the infection of in vitro cultures of pinus sylvestris l. seedlings by three trophically diverse fungal species, fusarium oxysporum e. f. sm. & swingle, trichoderma harzianum rifai and hebeloma crustuliniforme (bull.) quél. biochemical methods and microscopy were utilized to determine (i) which factors (apoplastic ... | 2014 | 24391166 |
| integrated management of foot rot of lentil using biocontrol agents under field condition. | the efficacy of cowdung, bangladesh institute of nuclear agriculture (bina)-biofertilizer, and bangladesh agricultural university (bau)-biofungicide, alone or in combination, was evaluated for controlling foot rot disease of lentil. the results exhibited that bina-biofertilizer and baubiofungicide (peat soil-based rhizobium leguminosarum and black gram bran-based trichoderma harzianum) are compatible and have combined effects in controlling the pathogenic fungi fusarium oxysporum and sclerotium ... | 2012 | 22580305 |
| inoculation of tomato seedlings with trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effect on growth and control of wilt in tomato seedlings. | a green house study was conducted to investigate the ability of an isolate of trichoderma harzianum (p52) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in enhancing growth and control of a wilt pathogen caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato seedlings. the plants were grown in plastic pots filled with sterilized soils. there were four treatments applied as follows; p52, amf, amf + p52 and a control. a completely randomized design was used and growth measurements and disease assessmen ... | 2011 | 24031662 |
| wetting properties of fungi mycelium alter soil infiltration and soil water repellency in a γ-sterilized wettable and repellent soil. | soil water repellency (swr) has a drastic impact on soil quality resulting in reduced infiltration, increased runoff, increased leaching, reduced plant growth, and increased soil erosion. one of the causes of swr is hydrophobic fungal structures and exudates that change the soil-water relationship. the objective of this study was to determine whether swr and infiltration could be manipulated through inoculation with fungi. the effect of fungi on swr was investigated through inoculation of three ... | 2012 | 23245615 |
| hydroxylation of 1,8-cineole by mucor ramannianus and aspergillus niger. | the monoterpenoid 1,8-cineole is obtained from the leaves of eucalyptus globulus and it has important biological activities. it is a cheap natural substrate because it is a by-product of the eucalyptus cultivation for wood and pulp production. in this study, it was evaluated the potential of three filamentous fungi in the biotransformation of 1,8-cineole. the study was divided in two steps: first, reactions were carried out with 1,8-cineole at 1 g/l for 24 h; afterwards, reactions were carried o ... | 2015 | 26221115 |
| recombinant trichoderma harzianum endoglucanase i (cel7b) is a highly acidic and promiscuous carbohydrate-active enzyme. | trichoderma filamentous fungi have been investigated due to their ability to secrete cellulases which find various biotechnological applications such as biomass hydrolysis and cellulosic ethanol production. previous studies demonstrated that trichoderma harzianum ioc-3844 has a high degree of cellulolytic activity and potential for biomass hydrolysis. however, enzymatic, biochemical, and structural studies of cellulases from t. harzianum are scarce. this work reports biochemical characterization ... | 2015 | 26156238 |
| fungal biodegradation of dibutyl phthalate and toxicity of its breakdown products on the basis of fungal and bacterial growth. | phthalates are esters of phthalic acid that give flexibility to polyvinyl chloride. diverse studies have reported that these compounds might be carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or teratogenic. radial growth rate, biomass, hyphal thickness of neurospora sitophyla, trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger, grown in two different concentrations of dibutyl phthalate (dbp) (500 and 1,000 mg/l) in agar and in submerged fermentation were studied. the inhibitory concentration (ic50) and the constant of bi ... | 2014 | 25063688 |
| anthracnose of lucky bamboo dracaena sanderiana caused by the fungus colletotrichum dracaenophilum in egypt. | dracaena sanderiana, of the family liliaceae, is among the ornamental plants most frequently imported into egypt. typical anthracnose symptoms were observed on the stems of imported d. sanderiana samples. the pathogen was isolated, demonstrated to be pathogenic based on koch's rule and identified as colletotrichum dracaenophilum. the optimum temperature for its growth ranges from 25 to 30 °c, maintained for 8 days. kemazed 50% wettable powder (wp) was the most effective fungicide against the pat ... | 2016 | 27222738 |