| clinical isolates of candida guilliermondii include candida fermentati. | clinical isolates of candida guilliermondii that were investigated by isoenzyme and randomly amplified polymorphic dna analyses represented two distinct species. the two species were distinguished on the basis of delayed fermentation of galactose. the larger group of isolates was closely related to the anamorph c. guilliermondii atcc 6260t (t = type strain) and its teleomorph, yamadazyma (= pichia) guilliermondii atcc 46036t. the remaining group, whose members fermented galactose, was very simil ... | 1997 | 9103626 |
| biodiversity of yeasts from illinois maize. | microflora in wound sites of preharvest maize (including bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi) may play a role in attracting insects to maize plants and may also interact with growth and mycotoxin production by filamentous fungi. as little data are available about the yeasts occurring on maize from the u.s. corn belt, samples of milled maize from experimental plantings at the university of illinois river valley sand field were analyzed. yeast counts showed slight yearly fluctuation and varied ... | 1997 | 9115092 |
| characterization of beta-1,2-mannosyltransferase in candida guilliermondii and its utilization in the synthesis of novel oligosaccharides. | a particulate insoluble enzyme fraction containing mannosyltransferases from candida guilliermondii ifo 10279 strain cells was obtained as the residue after extracting a 105,000 x g pellet of cell homogenate with 1% triton x-100. incubation of this fraction with a mannopentaose, manalpha1-->3(manalpha1-->6)manalpha1-->2manalpha1+ ++-->2man, in the presence of gdp-mannose and mn2+ ion at ph 6.0 gave a third type of beta-1,2 linkage-containing mannohexaose, manbeta1-->2manalpha1-->3(manalpha1-->6) ... | 1997 | 9201988 |
| upstream parameters affecting the cell growth and xylitol production by candida guilliermondii fti 20037. | the effects of yeast extract (0-10 g/l), methanol (0-10% v/v), acetic acid (0-1.0 g/l), furfural (0-0.5 g/l), glucose (0-30 g/l), inoculum age (15-70 h) and product concentration (18-230 g/l) on the xylose-xylitol conversion by candida guilliermondii fti 20037 were studied. the xylitol specific productivity increased about 35% at a yeast extract concentration of 1.0 g/l, whereas glucose showed a strong inhibitory effect on the xylitol production and a stimulating effect on the growth of c. guill ... | 1997 | 9232892 |
| in vitro antifungal properties of mouthrinses containing antimicrobial agents. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antifungal properties of seven commercial mouthrinses containing antimicrobial agents. these included cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc), chlorhexidine digluconate (chx), hexetidine (hex), sanguinarine (sng), and triclosan (trn). the minimum fungicidal concentration (mfc) against six species of yeasts was determined by a broth macrodilution method. the kill-time of mouthrinses at half the concentration of the commercial formulations was also ... | 1997 | 9287062 |
| characterization of yeasts associated with portuguese pork-based products. | yeasts from pork-based products, such as country-cured hams and several types of bacon, were studied. contamination levels ranged from 10(3)-10(9) cfu/g of fat. identification using a simplified method (sim) showed that the predominant species were debaryomyces hansenii, cryptococcus laurentii, cryptococcus humicolus, debaryomyces polymorphus and pichia guilliermondii. lipolytic activity was observed in 24 out of 29 of the isolated strains and was not a determinant for attaining high levels of c ... | 1997 | 9310855 |
| [phagocytosis of fungi in the peripheral blood neutrophils of two children with cancer during treatment with fluconazole]. | we report on two children with malignancy who showed fungemia despite the antifungal treatment with fluconazole. case 1 was a 7-year-old girl with a recurrence of stage iv neuroblastoma. she had profound neutropenia and fungemia developed after a month-long treatment with fluconazole. her peripheral blood smear showed phagocytosis in the neutrophils and they were identified as fungi by immunofluorescence method (fungi flora y). she died two days after the diagnosis of fungemia. rhodotorula rubra ... | 1997 | 9311273 |
| differentiation between debaryomyces hansenii/candida famata complex and candida guilliermondii by polymerase chain reaction. | primers for the differentiation of the debaryomyces hansenii/candida famata complex were designed from large subunit ribosomal dna base sequences. with these primers, a polymerase chain reaction test amplified dnas from all the species of the debaryomyces hansenii/candida famata complex and distinguished this complex from candida guilliermondii. | 1997 | 9395057 |
| [thermostable riboflavin kinase in the yeast pichia guilliermondii]. | it is found out when studying the process of riboflavin kinase (e.c.2.7.1.26) thermoinactivation in cell-free extracts of yeast, that the reaction of riboflavin phosphorylation in the cells of this organism are catalyzed by two enzymes one of which is distinguished by high thermal stability. the inactivation rate constant of the process of thermoinactivation (k(in)) at 90 degrees c is 11.2 x 10(-4) sec-1 for thermostable enzyme and 4.0 x 10(-2) sec-1 for another one. the enzymes are considerably ... | 1997 | 9454372 |
| candida guilliermondii infection in scid mice in association with the acceleration of the elimination of transfused human red blood cells. | an acceleration of the elimination of transfused human (hu) red blood cells (rbc) was found in c.b-17 scid (scid) mice that were kept in our facility. yeast like organisms were isolated from their tap water just as a pure culture and the two isolates sw5 and sw6 were assigned to be candida guilliermondii by analysing their generic small subunit ribosomal rna sequences. to test whether the isolates are infectious in mice, we inoculated scid and balb/c mice orally with sw5 and observed them for 63 ... | 1998 | 9498116 |
| adaptation and reutilization of candida guilliermondii cells for xylitol production in bagasse hydrolysate. | the xylitol productivity increased by about 15% with the use of cells of candida guilliermondii fti 20037 previously recycled through four consecutive batch cultures and adapted to the sugar cane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate. furthermore, the more concentrated the hydrolysate, the more necessary was the adaptation of the cells, owing to the presence of toxic substances at high concentration which inhibited the xylose-xylitol conversion by the yeast. | 1998 | 9542108 |
| in vitro activities of terbinafine against cutaneous isolates of candida albicans and other pathogenic yeasts. | terbinafine is active in vitro against a wide range of pathogenic fungi, including dermatophytes, molds, dimorphic fungi, and some yeasts, but earlier studies indicated that the drug had little activity against candida albicans. in contrast, clinical studies have shown topical and oral terbinafine to be active in cutaneous candidiasis and candida nail infections. in order to define the anti-candida activity of terbinafine, we tested the drug against 350 fresh clinical isolates and additional str ... | 1998 | 9593126 |
| cloning and expression of candida guilliermondii xylose reductase gene (xyl1) in pichia pastoris. | a xylose reductase gene (xyl1) of candida guilliermondii atcc 20118 was cloned and characterized. the open reading frame of xyl1 contained 954 nucleotides encoding a protein of 317 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 36 kda. the derived amino acid sequence of c. guilliermondii xylose reductase was 70.4% homologous to that of pichia stipitis. the gene was placed under the control of an alcohol oxidase promoter (aox1) and integrated into the genome of a methylotrophic yeast, pichia past ... | 1998 | 9615481 |
| rapid identification of candida albicans and other human pathogenic yeasts by using short oligonucleotides in a pcr. | a pcr system that can quickly and accurately identify 14 species of human pathogenic yeasts was developed. the procedure distinguished between nine species of a closely related clade, lodderomyces elongisporus, candida parapsilosis, a new candida sp., c. sojae, c. tropicalis, c. maltosa, c. viswanathii, c. albicans, and c. dubliniensis and between another five more divergent species, pichia guilliermondii, c. glabrata, c. zeylanoides, c. haemulonii, and c. haemulonii type ii. a rapid dna extract ... | 1998 | 9620392 |
| infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by candida guilliermondii. | to describe the manifestations of infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by candida guilliermondii in a corneal transplant performed for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. | 1998 | 9625567 |
| synthesis of protoporphyrin ix induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid in yeast cells in the presence of 2,2;-dipyridyl | 5-aminolevulinic acid (ala), a precursor of porphyrin synthesis, increased the production of various porphyrin compounds in candida guilliermondii cells. metalloporphyrins and protoporphyrin ix (ppix) were predominantly accumulated, respectively, at ala concentrations of 0.2-0.4 mm and at those higher than 1.5 mm. 2,2;-dipyridyl which complexed with bivalent metals significantly increased the content of endogenous ppix even at ala concentrations lower than 0.5 mm. under these conditions, the yea ... | 1998 | 9668214 |
| fungemia in cancer patients in brazil: predominance of non-albicans species. | the objective of this study was to characterize the epidemiology of candidemia in cancer patients in the city of rio de janeiro, brazil. an 18-month survey of fungemia in patients with cancer was undertaken in three hospitals in rio de janeiro. forty-three episodes of candidemia were identified in 43 patients, 43 of which were episodes of candidemia; in ten case the strains were not available for further identification of species and were excluded from this analysis. the overall distribution of ... | 1998 | 9750336 |
| effect of elevated oxygen and carbon dioxide on the surface growth of vegetable-associated micro-organisms. | the impact of a novel type of modified atmosphere (ma), referred to as high o2-ma, on micro-organisms associated with the spoilage of minimally-processed vegetables was studied. pure cultures of pseudomonas fluorescens, enterobacter agglomerans, aureobacterium strain 27, candida guilliermondii, c. sake, salmonella typhimurium, salm. enteritidis, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, leuconostoc mesenteroides var. mesenteroides, lactobacillus plantarum and lactococcus lactis were cultured on ... | 1999 | 10196748 |
| partial purification and properties of putrescine oxidase from candida guilliermondii. | putrescine oxidase ([po]; e.c. 1.4.3.4), which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of putrescine into gamma-aminobutyraldehyde, has been partially purified from candida guilliermondii. among the substrates tested, putrescine has the highest reaction rate, followed by spermidine and cadaverine. the k(m) values for putrescine, spermidine, and cadaverine were 20, 200, and 1.1 mm, respectively. the optimum ph and the temperature for po were 8.0 and 37 degrees c, respectively. growth of candida speci ... | 1999 | 10390812 |
| trehalose accumulation by tropical yeast strains submitted to stress conditions. | trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide that accumulates in saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been implicated in survival under various stress conditions by acting as membrane protectant, as a supplementary compatible solute or as a reserve carbohydrate which may be mobilized during stress. however, most of these studies have been done with strains isolated from european or asian habitats of temperate climate. in this study, yeasts living in tropical environments, isolated from different microhabitat ... | 1999 | 10427413 |
| a rapid method for detecting and distinguishing clinically important yeasts by heteroduplex mobility assays (hmas). | heteroduplex mobility assays (hmas) of 700 bp amplified products of a 17s rdna region were used to identify and differentiate seven yeast species of clinical importance candida albicans, torulopsis (candida) glabrata, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida (pichia) guilliermondii and hansenula (pichia) anomala. distance of heteroduplex migration (dhe) was found to be negatively correlated to the number of nucleotide differences between amplified dna sequences. | 1999 | 10441196 |
| in-vitro antifungal activity of liposomal nystatin in comparison with nystatin, amphotericin b cholesteryl sulphate, liposomal amphotericin b, amphotericin b lipid complex, amphotericin b desoxycholate, fluconazole and itraconazole. | the in-vitro susceptibilities of 120 clinical isolates of yeasts to liposomal nystatin were compared with those to amphotericin b lipid complex (ablc), liposomal amphotericin b (lab), amphotericin b cholesteryl sulphate (abcd), amphotericin b desoxycholate, nystatin, fluconazole and itraconazole. yeast isolates examined included strains of candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, candida glabrata, candida krusei, candida guilliermondii, candida tropicalis, candida kefyr, candida viswanathii, cand ... | 1999 | 10511410 |
| identification of an ars element and development of a high efficiency transformation system for pichia guilliermondii. | an autonomously replicating sequence element adjacent to the rib1 gene encoding gtp cyclohydrolase ii of the yeast pichia guilliermondii was identified by transformation experiments. detailed sequence analysis unveiled two potential ars elements located 5' and 3' of the rib1 open reading frame. the chromosomal fragment containing the ars-like sequence 3' to the rib1 structural gene, called pgars, conferred high transformation frequencies of 10(4)-10(5) transformants/microg of dna to a puc19-deri ... | 1999 | 10541859 |
| proton-pumping-atpase-targeted antifungal activity of a novel conjugated styryl ketone. | nc1175 (3-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-propenoyl]-4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)vinyle ne]-1- ethyl-4-piperidinol hydrochloride) is a novel thiol-blocking conjugated styryl ketone that exhibits activity against a wide spectrum of pathogenic fungi. incubation of nc1175 with various concentrations of cysteine and glutathione eliminated its antifungal activity in a concentration-dependent fashion. since nc1175 is a lipophilic compound that has the potential to interact with cytoplasmic membrane components, we exam ... | 1999 | 10582888 |
| case report. osteomyelitis caused by high resistant candida guilliermondii. | we describe a case of a 57-year-old patient with osteomyelitis at a finger of his right hand caused by candida guilliermondii. the strains isolated were highly resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole. using the three methods, microdilution, agardilation and e-test, the highest minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) amounted to > 256 micrograms ml-1 for fluconazole and > 32 micrograms ml-1 for itraconazole. to our knowledge, this is the first time such high values have been described for c. g ... | 1999 | 10592705 |
| purification and characterization of acetyl esterase from candida guilliermondii. | an extracellular acetyl esterase (ec 3.1.1.6) from candida guilliermondii nrrl y-17257 was purified to homogeneity by acetone precipitation and qae sepharose anion-exchange chromatography. the enzyme was a monomer with an apparent molecular weight of 67 kda and a pi of 7.6. it had maximum activity at ph 7.5 and at 50-60 degrees c. it was relatively stable over a ph range of 5.8-8.0 and exhibited thermal stability up to 60 degrees c. the km and vmax values on alpha-naphthylacetate were 2.63 mm an ... | 2000 | 10736022 |
| proton translocating atpase mediated fungicidal activity of a novel complex carbohydrate: can-296. | can-296 is a complex carbohydrate (approximately 4300 da) isolated from the cell wall of mucor rouxii. it exhibits excellent in vitro fungicidal activity against a wide spectrum of pathogenic yeasts, including isolates resistant to azoles and polyenes. the rapid irreversible action of can-296 on intact fungal cells and protoplasts suggested a membrane-located target for its action. the proton translocating atpase (h+-atpase) of fungi is an essential enzyme required for the regulation of intracel ... | 2000 | 10755243 |
| [synergistic effect of rib80 and hit mutations on riboflavin biosynthesis and iron transport in the yeast pichia guilliermondii]. | mutant strains of the yeast pichia guilliermondii, carrying both rib80 and hit mutations in a haploid genome, were derived from previously obtained strains with defective rib80 or hit genes, exerting negative control of the riboflavin biosynthesis and iron transport in pichia guilliermondii. the double mutant rib80hit strains exhibited an increased level of riboflavin biosynthesis and higher activities of gtp cyclohydrolase and riboflavin synthetase. iron deficiency caused an additional increase ... | 2000 | 10776615 |
| [evaluation of a new method for antifungal drugs susceptibility testing to yeasts]. | we compared the etest with a broth microdilution method (fp panel), performed according to the national committee for modified clinical laboratory standards (nccls) document m27-p guidelines, for determining the mics of 81 clinical isolates of yeasts (7 candida albicans, 8 candida glabrata, 10 candida parapsilosis, 6 pichia anomala, 10 candida tropicalis, 4 candida guilliermondii, 4 candida krusei, 6 trichosporon cutaneum, 5 candida ciferrii, 3 candida famata, 4 candida norvegensis, 2 rhodotorul ... | 2000 | 10783576 |
| iron uptake by the yeast pichia guilliermondii. flavinogenesis and reductive iron assimilation are co-regulated processes. | pichia guilliermondii cells overproduce riboflavin (vitamin b2) in responce to iron deprivation. the increase in ferrireductase activity in iron-starved p. guilliermondii cells correlated with the increase in flavin excretion. as in saccharomyces cerevisiae, a typical b-type cytochrome spectrum was associated with the plasma membrane fraction of p. guilliermondii and the cell ferrireductase activity was strongly inhibited by diphenylene-iodonium, an inhibitor of flavoproteins, in both yeasts. mu ... | 1999 | 10816728 |
| use of immobilized candida cells on xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse. | in this study we used the yeast candida guilliermondii fti 20037 immobilized by entrapment in ca-alginate beads (2.5-3 mm diameter) for xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate in a repeated batch system. the fermentation runs were carried out in 125- and 250-ml erlenmeyer flasks placed in an orbital shaker at 30 degrees c and 200 rpm during 72 h, keeping constant the proportion between work volume and flask total volume. according to the results, cell vi ... | 2000 | 10817210 |
| nosocomial candida guilliermondii fungemia in cancer patients. | from 1988 to 1998, we identified nine patients with candida guilliermondii fungemia. four of the five patients with nosocomial infection died, while all of the non-nosocomial cases survived, even though one half of them (2/4) did not receive any treatment nosocomial c guilliermondii fungemia is often associated with poor outcome despite aggressive antifungal therapy. | 2000 | 10823569 |
| taxonomic relationships among the taxa in the candida guilliermondii complex, as revealed by comparative electrophoretic karyotyping. | electrophoretic karyotypes of 15 type strains of the taxa in the candida guilliermondii complex including candida fukuyamaensis nakase et al. and candida xestobii yarrow et s. a. meyer were comparatively analysed by using the chef (contour-clamped homogeneous electric field) method of pfge. eighteen strains (isolated from various natural sources in china) which were originally identified as c. guilliermondii by conventional methods were also included. six electrophoretic karyotype groups were re ... | 2000 | 10826830 |
| dna fingerprinting patterns of candida species using hinfi endonuclease. | strain delineation was performed by means of restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) of genomic dna with the restriction enzyme hinfi followed by conventional electrophoresis. a total of 337 yeast isolates representing 21 candida species and five non-candida yeast species was evaluated. a survey of isolates showed that candida albicans and non-albicans species could be divided into mutually exclusive groups, and that subgroups could be created. individual rea patterns for 111 c. albicans isolate ... | 2000 | 10843084 |
| effects of environmental conditions on xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase production by candida guilliermondii. | the effects of environmental conditions, namely initial ph (2.5-7.0) and temperature (25 and 35 degrees c), on xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase levels, as well as on xylitol production, were evaluated. although the fermentative parameter values increased with an increase in ph and temperature (the maximum yp/s and qp were 0.75 g/g and 0.95 g/[l.h], respectively, both attained at ph 6.0, 35 degrees c), the highest xylose reductase activities (nearly 900 iu/mg of protein) were observed a ... | 2000 | 10849803 |
| effect of the oxygen transfer coefficient on xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate by continuous stirred-tank reactor fermentation. | the effect of the oxygen transfer coefficient on the production of xylitol by bioconversion of xylose present in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate using the yeast candida guilliermondii was investigated. continuous cultivation was carried out in a 1.25-l fermentor at 30 degrees c, ph 5.5, 300 rpm, and a dilution rate of 0.03/h, using oxygen transfer coefficients of 10, 20, and 30/h. the results showed that the microbial xylitol production (11 g/l) increased by 108% with the decrease i ... | 2000 | 10849823 |
| effects of initial ph on biological synthesis of xylitol using xylose-rich hydrolysate. | sugarcane bagasse, an agricultural residue plentiful in brazil, was utilized for xylitol production by a biotechnological process. a medium fermentation prepared with this xylose-rich biomass at an oxygen transfer volumetric coefficient of 10/h1 and different initial ph values was inoculated with cells of candida guilliermondii fti 20037. the maximum values of xylitol and cell volumetric productivities (qp = 0.56 g/[l.h] and qx = 0.11 g/[g.h]), xylitol yield factor (yp/s = 0.79 g/g), and xylose ... | 2000 | 10849833 |
| inhibition of microbial xylitol production by acetic acid and its relation with fermentative parameters. | precipitated sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate containing acetic acid was fermented by candida guilliermondii fti20037 under different operational conditions (ph 4.0 and 7.0, three aeration rates). at ph 7.0 and kla of 10 (0.75 vvm) and 22.5/h (3.0 vvm) the acetic acid had not been consumed until the end of the fermentations, whereas at the same ph and kla of 35/h (4.5 vvm) the acid was rapidly consumed and acetic acid inhibition was not important. on the other hand, fermentations at ... | 2000 | 10849838 |
| exposure to subtherapeutic concentrations of polyene antifungals suppresses the adherence of candida species to denture acrylic. | the adherence of candida species to denture acrylic is the initial event leading to candida-associated denture stomatitis, with candida albicans being the main aetiological agent. however, the increased incidence of immunocompromised patients in the community has resulted in the emergence of a number of non-albicans candida species as causative agents of this disease, which is commonly managed by topically delivered polyene antifungals. hence, we investigated the effect of the exposure of dentur ... | 2000 | 10859432 |
| adhesion of oral candida species to human buccal epithelial cells following brief exposure to nystatin. | opportunistic oral infections caused by candida albicans and non-albicans candida species are particularly common in compromised patients. nystatin, which belongs to the polyene group of antimycotics, is frequently used as a topical agent in the treatment of oro-pharyngeal candidosis. it is recognized that due to the delivery mode of nystatin (i.e. topical, intermittent), as well as the cleansing effect of saliva within the oral environment, the yeasts undergo a relatively brief exposure to this ... | 1999 | 10895691 |
| comparative evaluation of a commercial system for identification of candida lusitaniae. | the ability of the api candida system (biomérieux, france) to identify candida lusitaniae isolates was evaluated in comparison to the auxacolor and id 32c systems using 52 clinical isolates previously identified on the basis of their morphology and their biochemical reactions in the auxacolor and id 32c systems. the api candida system failed to definitively identify most of the strains tested within 24 h. no beta-maltosidase activity was detected in 28 strains, and supplementary tests were requi ... | 2000 | 10898145 |
| enzymatic degradation of nitriles by a candida guilliermondii ufmg-y65. | candida guilliermondii ufmg-y65, isolated from a gold mine, was able to utilize different nitriles and the corresponding amides as sole source of nitrogen, at concentrations up to 2 m. resting cells cultivated on ycb-acetonitrile medium showed nitrile hydrolyzing enzyme activities against acrylonitrile and benzonitrile. these enzymes were inducible and intracellular; the optimum ph was 7.0-8.0, and the optimum temperature 25 degrees c-30 degrees c. liquid chromatographic analysis indicated that ... | 2000 | 10913974 |
| incorporation of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids by a yeast (fo726a). | an eicosapentaenoic acid (epa)- and docosahexaenoic acid (dha)-incorporating yeast, fo726a, was putatively identified as candida guilliermondii on the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. culture conditions for fo726a were investigated with respect to cell mass productivity, cellular accumulation of total lipid, triglyceride (tg), epa and dha. when grown at 20 degrees c for 24 h in an optimal medium containing 1 g scrap fish oil, the yeast yielded 820 mg dry cel ... | 2000 | 10945786 |
| oversynthesis of riboflavin by yeast pichia guilliermondii in response to oxidative stress. | the effect of oxidative stress on riboflavin (vitamin b2) biosynthesis and iron accumulation in flavinogenic yeast p. guilliermondii was investigated. treatment of p. guilliermondii cells with superoxidgenerating agent methylviologen leads to elevated production of malondialdyhyd (mda) which reflects the overall cellular oxidation state. increased iron content in the cells and enhanced productivity of flavinogenesis under these conditions has been shown too. significant increasing of mda and rib ... | 2000 | 10979575 |
| susceptibility of fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of candida spp. to echinocandin ly303366, itraconazole and amphotericin b. | the in vitro activity of ly303366 was compared with those of itraconazole and amphotericin b against 156 fluconazole-resistant (mic > or = 16 mg/l) clinical isolates of candida spp. an adaptation of the nccls reference method was employed for determination of mics. ly303366 was more potent than either itraconazole or amphotericin b against candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida krusei and candida tropicalis, even against isolates with itraconazole mics > or = 1 mg/l. ly303366 was less poten ... | 2000 | 10980178 |
| flow cytometry antifungal susceptibility testing of pathogenic yeasts other than candida albicans and comparison with the nccls broth microdilution test. | candida species other than candida albicans frequently cause nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients. some of these pathogens have either variable susceptibility patterns or intrinsic resistance against common azoles. the availability of a rapid and reproducible susceptibility-testing method is likely to help in the selection of an appropriate regimen for therapy. a flow cytometry (fc) method was used in the present study for susceptibility testing of candida glabrata, candida guilli ... | 2000 | 10991856 |
| chemostat study of xylitol production by candida guilliermondii. | the mechanism of production of xylitol from xylose by candida guilliermondii was studied using chemostat cultures and enzymatic assays. the maximum dilution rate in aerobic conditions was 0.34 1/h. no xylitol was produced. under oxygen-limited conditions xylose uptake was impaired and glycerol accumulated but no xylitol was detected. under transient oxygen limitation, caused by a gradual decrease in the agitation rate, onset of xylitol, acetate and residual xylose accumulation occurred simultane ... | 2001 | 11234956 |
| in-vitro activity of five antifungal agents against uncommon clinical isolates of candida spp. | a broth microdilution method and an agar dilution method were used for testing fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, flucytosine and amphotericin b against 98 clinical isolates belonging to seven species of candida. the approximate rank order of fluconazole mics was candida lusitaniae approximately candida kefyr < candida famata approximately candida guilliermondii < candida pelliculosa approximately c. lipolytica approximately candida inconspicua. candida lypolitica and c. pelliculosa were t ... | 1999 | 11252339 |
| lysophosphatidylcholine derived from deer antler extract suppresses hyphal transition in candida albicans through map kinase pathway. | a family of 2-lysophosphatidylcholines (lyso-pcs) was isolated from deer antler extract, guided exclusively by hyphal transition inhibitory activity in candida albicans. structural determination of the isolated lyso-pcs by spectroscopic methods, including infrared spectroscopy, 1h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr), 13c nmr, 2d correlation spectroscopy nmr, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry, confirmed that the natural products were composed of at least four diffe ... | 2001 | 11278174 |
| improvement of xylitol production by candida guilliermondii fti 20037 previously adapted to rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate. | to evaluate a simple and economical technique to improve xylitol production using concentrated xylose solutions prepared from rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate. | 2001 | 11298935 |
| hwy-289, a novel semi-synthetic protoberberine derivative with multiple target sites in candida albicans. | the antifungal properties of 515 synthetic and semi-synthetic protoberberines were investigated. hwy-289 was chosen for further study because it exhibited the most significant anti-candida activity (mics were 1.56 mg/l for candida albicans and candida krusei; 6.25 mg/l for candida guilliermondii) but did not demonstrate toxicity in rats. hwy-289 inhibited the incorporation of l-[methyl-(14)c]methionine into the c-24 of ergosterol in whole cells of c. albicans (ic(50) 20 microm). however, hwy-289 ... | 2001 | 11328760 |
| azasordarins: susceptibility of fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of candida spp. to gw 471558. | the in vitro activity of the azasordarin gw 471558 was compared with those of amphotericin b, flucytosine, itraconazole, and ketoconazole against 177 clinical isolates of candida spp. gw 471558 showed potent activity against candida albicans, candida glabrata, and candida tropicalis, even against isolates with decreased susceptibility to azoles. candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida lusitaniae, and candida guilliermondii are resistant to gw 471558 in vitro (mics, >128 microg/ml). | 2001 | 11353650 |
| flucytosine primary resistance in candida species and cryptococcus neoformans. | the in vitro activity of flucytosine (5fc) against 1,140 clinical isolates of candida spp. and cryptococcus neoformans was evaluated and compared with the activity of amphotericin b, fluconazole and itraconazole. overall, 87.72% (1,000/1,140) of yeasts were susceptible to 5fc. this agent showed less potent in vitro activity against candida glabrata, candida krusei, candida guilliermondii and cryptococcus neoformans (mic90s, 8-16 microg/ml) and intermediate activity or resistance to 6.5% of candi ... | 2001 | 11399020 |
| concentration of docosahexaenoic acid from fish oils using geotrichum sp. fo347-2. | geotrichum sp. fo347-2 could use refined sardine oil as a sole carbon source. dry cell mass reached a maximum of 0.788 g per g of the oil added for 72 h. total weight of the cellular lipids was largest around 24 h, when the contents of triglyceride and free fatty acid were 63.6 and 22.2%, respectively. docosahexaenoic acid (dha) was incorporated and concentrated in the cellular lipids, and the content reached 25.9% for 24 h, adding sardine oil containing 12.3% dha. dha and eicosapentaenoic acid ... | 2001 | 11440112 |
| antifungal activity of histatin-5 against non-albicans candida species. | fungicidal effects of histatin-5 against 26 oral isolates belonging to 5 non-albicans candida species were examined. fifty microm of histatin-5 killed more than 95% of candida tropicalis and candida guilliermondii isolates and more than 90% of candida parapsilosis and candida krusei. however, candida glabrata was less sensitive to the peptide (mean 62.9%). our results, taken together, demonstrated that histatin-5 possessed the fungicidal activity against candida species other than c. glabrata. | 2001 | 11442851 |
| application of factorial design to the study of xylitol production from eucalyptus hemicellulosic hydrolysate. | this study deals with the bioconversion of xylose into xylitol by candida guilliermondii fti 20037 using eucalyptus hemicellulosic hydrolysate obtained by acid hydrolysis. the influence of various parameters (ammonium sulfate, rice bran, ph, and xylose concentration) on the production of xylitol was evaluated. the experiments were based on multivariate statistical concepts, with the application of factorial design techniques to identify the most important variables in the process. the levels of ... | 2001 | 11456294 |
| antifungal resistance in non- albicans candida species. | non- candida albicans species have emerged as important bloodstream pathogens. they tend to have decreased susceptibility to antifungal agents in vitro and cause infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. fluconazole resistance can emerge in any candida spp., but is most commonly seen with candida krusei, for which resistance is universal, and with candida glabrata. amphotericin b resistance has also been increasingly reported, most notably in isolates of candida lusitaniae and can ... | 1999 | 11504464 |
| multiplex pcr using internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 regions for rapid detection and identification of yeast strains. | multiplex pcr amplification followed by either agarose gel electrophoresis (pcr-age) or microchip electrophoresis (pcr-me) was used to test a total of 120 fungal strains. the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) and its2 regions and the 5.8s ribosomal dna (rdna) region of the fungi were amplified by using universal primers its1 and its4. the its2 region was simultaneously amplified by using universal primers its3 and its4. since trichosporon asahi and t. asteroides showed similar lengths for two ... | 2001 | 11574582 |
| bioconversion of nitriles by candida guilliermondii cct 7207 cells immobilized in barium alginate. | nitrile degradation by candida guilliermondii cct 7207 using free and immobilized cell systems was compared. different specific growth rates were observed for immobilized (mumax=0.021 h(-1)) and the free cells (mumax=0.029 h(-1)). the maximum specific rate of acetic acid formation was 0.387 h(-1) and 0.266 h(-1) for free and immobilized cells, respectively. cell adhesion to the support materials was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. when immobilized, the yeast was able to use high nitri ... | 2001 | 11601626 |
| [formation of xylitol in candida guilliermondii 2581 culture]. | the yeast strain candida guilliermondii 2581 was chosen for its ability to produce xylitol in media with high concentrations of xylose. the rate of xylitol production at a xylose concentration of 150 g/l is 1.25 g/l per h; the concentration of xylitol after three days of cultivation is 90 g/l; and the relative xylitol yield is 0.6 g per g substrate consumed. the growth conditions were found that resulted in the maximum relative xylitol yield with complete consumption of the sugar: xylose concent ... | 2001 | 11605470 |
| evaluation of etest method for determining caspofungin (mk-0991) susceptibilities of 726 clinical isolates of candida species. | the performance of the etest for testing the susceptibilities to caspofungin (mk-0991) of 726 isolates of candida spp. was assessed against the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) microdilution broth method. the nccls method employed rpmi 1640 broth medium, and mics were read after incubation for 48 h at 35 degrees c. mics were determined by etest for all 726 isolates with rpmi agar containing 2% glucose (rpg) and were read after incubation for 48 h at 35 degrees c. the ... | 2001 | 11724849 |
| in vitro activity of 6 antifungal agents on candida species isolated as causative agents from vaginal and other clinical specimens. | to study the susceptibility pattern of candida species isolated from various clinical specimens to common usable antifungals in libya. | 2001 | 11744942 |
| antifungal activity of propolis on different species of candida. | propolis is a resinous material collected by bees from the buds or other parts of plants. it is known for its biological properties, having antibacterial, antifungal and healing properties. the antifungal activity of propolis was studied in sensitivity tests on 80 strains of candida yeasts: 20 strains of candida albicans, 20 strains of candida tropicalis, 20 strains of candida krusei and 15 strains of candida guilliermondii. the yeasts showed a clear antifungal activity with the following order ... | 2001 | 11766101 |
| metabolic study of the adaptation of the yeast candida guilliermondii to sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. | batch xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate by candida guilliermondii was performed by progressively adapting the cells to the medium. samples were analyzed to monitor sugar and acetic acid consumption, xylitol, arabitol, ethanol, and carbon dioxide production, as well as cell growth. both xylitol yield and volumetric productivity remarkably increased with the number of adaptations, demonstrating that the more adapted the cells, the better the capacity of the yeast t ... | 2001 | 11778887 |
| [effect of rib83 mutation on riboflavin biosynthesis and iron assimilation in pichia guilliermondii]. | the monogenic rib83 mutation blocked riboflavin oversynthesis in the yeast pichia guilliermondii and lowered iron acquisition by cells, their ferric reductase activity, and the growth rate in iron-deficient media. mutants with the combined mutations of rib83 with rib80 and rib81 (the last two mutations impair the negative control of riboflavin synthesis and thus cause its oversynthesis) were unable to depress the enzymes of flavinogenesis (gtp cyclohydrolase and riboflavin synthase) and to overp ... | 2001 | 11785131 |
| candida guilliermondii fungemia in cancer patients: report of three cases. | | 1999 | 11810492 |
| improvement in xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate achieved by the use of a repeated-batch immobilized cell system. | candida guilliermondii cells were immobilized in ca-alginate beads and used for xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate during five successive fermentation batches, each lasting 48 hours. the bioconversion efficiency of 53.2%, the productivity of 0.50 g/l x h and the final xylitol concentration of 23.8 g/l obtained in the first batch increased to 61.5%, 0.59 g/l x h and 28.4 g/l, respectively, in the other four batches (mean values), with variation coefficients of up t ... | 2002 | 11930897 |
| preliminary kinetic characterization of xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase extracted from candida guilliermondii fti 20037 cultivated in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate for xylitol production. | candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was cultured in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate supplemented with 2.0 g/l of (nh4)2so4, 0.1 g/l of cacl2 x 2h2o, and 20.0 g/l of rice bran at 35 degrees c; ph 4.0; agitation of 300 rpm; and aeration of 0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 vvm. the high xylitol production (20.0 g/l) and xylose reductase (xr) activity (658.8 u/mg of protein) occurred at an aeration of 0.4 vvm. under this condition, the xylitol dehydrogenase (xd) activity was low. the apparent k(m) for xr and xd against ... | 2001 | 11963895 |
| extraction by reversed micelles of the intracellular enzyme xylose reductase. | xylose reductase enzyme (ec 1.1.1.21) produced by candida guilliermondii in sugarcane bagasse was extracted by reversed micelles of n-benzyl-n-dodecyl-n-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride cationic surfactant. an experimental design was employed to evaluate the influences of the following factors on the enzyme extraction: temperature, cosolvent, and surfactant concentration. a model was used to represent the enzyme recovery and fit of the experimental data. the extraction yielded a total reco ... | 2001 | 11963903 |
| feasibility of copper uptake by the yeast pichia guilliermondii isolated from sewage sludge. | copper is one of the most abundant toxic heavy metals in municipal wastewaters and, in consequence, in sewage sludge and compost. the ability of a strain of the yeast pichia guilliermondii, which was isolated from sewage sludge, to eliminate copper has been evaluated, using both viable and nonviable biomass. it has been found that raising concentrations of copper affected both morphology and physiological parameters of the viable yeast, and it is thought that a process of bioaccumulation may be ... | 2002 | 12002567 |
| isolation and characterisation of 8-hydroxy-3z,5z-tetradecadienoic acid, a putative intermediate in pichia guilliermondii gamma-decalactone biosynthesis from ricinoleic acid. | during a screening procedure for the discovery of a strong gamma-decalactone producer from ricinoleic acid, we observed that the yeast pichia guilliermondii accumulated transiently 8-hydroxy-3z,5z-tetradecadienoic acid 1 during gamma-decalactone biosynthesis in the stationary phase of growth. the structural elucidation of 1 was based on nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, ultraviolet and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments. the occurrence of 1 is discussed in relation with previou ... | 2002 | 12007654 |
| oxygen uptake rate in production of xylitol by candida guilliermondii with different aeration rates and initial xylose concentrations. | the global oxygen uptake rate (our) and specific oxygen uptake rates (sour) were determined for different values of the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (15, 43, and 108 h(-1)), and for varying initial xylose concentrations (50, 100, 150, and 200 g/l) in shaking flasks. the initial cell concentration was 4.0 g/l, and there was only significant growth in the fermentation with the highest oxygen availability. in this condition, our increased proportionally to cell growth, reaching maxim ... | 2002 | 12018229 |
| xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase activities of candida guilliermondii as a function of different treatments of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate employing experimental design. | the sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate, which is rich in xylose, can be used as culture medium for candida guilliermondii in xylitol production. however, the hydrolysate obtained from bagasse by acid hydrolysis at 120 degrees c for 20 min has by-products (acetic acid and furfural, among others), which are toxic to the yeast over certain concentrations. so, the hydrolysate must be pretreated before using in fermentation. the pretreatment variables considered were: adsorption time (15,37.5, and 60 min) ... | 2002 | 12018268 |
| influence of oxygen availability on cell growth and xylitol production by candida guilliermondii. | oxygen availability is the most important environmental parameter in the production of xylitol by yeasts, directly affecting yields and volumetric productivity. this work evaluated the cell behavior in fermentations carried out with different dissolved oxygen concentrations (0.5-30.0% of saturation), as well as a limited oxygen restriction (0% of saturation), at several oxygen volumetric transfer coefficients (12 < or = kla < or = 70 h(-1)). these experiments allowed us to establish the specific ... | 2002 | 12018271 |
| use of immobilized candida yeast cells for xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate: cell immobilization conditions. | candida guilliermondii cells were immobilized in ca-alginate beads and used for xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. a full factorial design was employed to determine whether variations in the immobilization conditions would have any effects on the beads, chemical stability and on the xylitol production rates. duplicate fermentation runs were carried out in 125-ml erlenmeyer flasks maintained in a rotatory shaker at 30 degrees c and 200 rpm for 72 h. samples were p ... | 2002 | 12018274 |
| xylose reductase activity of candida guilliermondii during xylitol production by fed-batch fermentation: selection of process variables. | xylose reductase activity of candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was evaluated during xylitol production by fed-batch fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. a 2(4-1) fractional factorial design was used to select process variables. the xylose concentrations in the feeding solution (s(f)) and in the fermentor (s0), the ph, and the aeration rate were selected for optimization of this process, which will be undertaken in the near future. the best experimental result was achieved at s(f) = 45 g ... | 2002 | 12018309 |
| the identification and characterization of osmotolerant yeast isolates from chemical wastewater evaporation ponds. | ramat hovav is a major chemical industrial park manufacturing pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and various aliphatic and aromatic halogens. all wastewater streams are collected in large evaporation ponds. salinity in the evaporation ponds fluctuates between 3% (w/v) and saturation and ph values range between 2.0 and 10.0. we looked for microorganisms surviving in these extreme environmental conditions and found that 2 yeast strains dominate this biotope. 18s rdna sequence analysis identified the iso ... | 2002 | 12037616 |
| [riboflavin overproduction in 4-aminopyrazole[3,4-d]pyrimidine-treated yeast pichia guilliermondii]. | more than 90 mutants resistant to the adenine analogue 4-aminopyrazole[3,4-d]pyrimidine (4-app), were isolated from a wild-type strain of yeast pichia guilliermondii. some of appr mutants accumulated noticeable amounts of products absorbing at 260 nm in the culture medium, probably nucleotides and their derivatives. in comparison to the parent strain, the mutant appr-27 synthesized greater amounts of xanthine and uracil suggesting the presence of defects in the regulation of de novo biosynthesis ... | 2002 | 12068578 |
| cutaneous candidiasis in a dog caused by candida guilliermondii. | | 2002 | 12081309 |
| new chromogenic agar medium for the identification of candida spp. | a new chromogenic agar medium (candida diagnostic agar [cda]) for differentiation of candida spp. is described. this medium is based on sabouraud dextrose agar (oxoid cm41) and contains (per liter) 40.0 g of glucose, 10.0 g of mycological peptone, and 15.0 g of agar along with a novel chromogenic glucosaminidase substrate, ammonium 4-(2-[4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-vinyl)-1-(propan-3-yl-oate)-quinolium bromide (0.32 g liter(-1)). the glucosaminidase substrat ... | 2002 | 12089051 |
| influence of ph on the xylose reductase activity of candida guilliermondii during fed-batch xylitol bioproduction. | the influence of ph on the xylose reductase (xr) activity was studied. the fed-batch fermentation using exponential feeding rate was employed to produce xylitol. the feeding started when the xylose concentration in the fermenter reached 50 g/l and the ph was adjusted to 2.5, 4.0 or 6.0. the best results for xr activity (0.567 u/mg(protein)) and xylitol volumetric productivity (1.06 g/l.h) were achieved with ph 6.0. | 2002 | 12111747 |
| metabolic behavior of immobilized candida guilliermondii cells during batch xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse acid hydrolyzate. | candida guilliermondii cells, immobilized in ca-alginate beads, were used for batch xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzate. maximum xylitol concentration (20.6 g/l), volumetric productivity (0.43 g/l. h), and yield (0.47 g/g) obtained after 48 h of fermentation were higher than similar immobilized-cell systems but lower than free-cell cultivation systems. substrates, products, and biomass concentrations were used in material balances to study the ways in which the dif ... | 2002 | 12115432 |
| [the photodynamic inactivation of candida guilliermondii in the presence of photodithazine]. | photodithazine, a glucosamine salt of chlorin e6, enhanced the inactivation of candida guilliermondii cells by visible light. the sensitizing effect of photodithazine was found to be related to free or cell surface-bound molecules of this dye. sodium azide (a singlet oxygen quencher) and propyl gallate (an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation) protected yeast cells from the photodithazine-enhanced photoinactivation. | 2002 | 12138756 |
| [the reversion of pichia guilliermondii transformants to the wild-type phenotype]. | pichia guilliermondii strain with blocked gtp cyclohydrolase ii was transformed using replicative plasmids and their fragments containing the structural gene rib7 of this enzyme. experiments showed that the presence of an ars element and the promoter region of the gene in the genome of transformants reduces the probability of their reversion to the wild-type phenotype. different types of recombination in the yeast p. guilliermondii are discussed. | 2002 | 12138759 |
| esterase activity in various candida species. | the aim of the present study is to ascertain esterase activities of various species of candida. a total of 125 strains isolated and identified by conventional methods were tested for esterase activity using the tween 80 opacity test. our results showed that 58 of 59 strains of candida albicans, all of the candida tropicalis strains (n = 38) and all of the candida guilliermondii strains (n = 3) produced positive results, whereas the remaining candida species did not. the tween 80 opacity test is ... | 2002 | 12166351 |
| pathology of a mouse model of x-linked chronic granulomatous disease. | a colony of knockout mice (gene designation cybb tm1) has been maintained at this institution for 5 years. these mice are lacking the b subunit of nadph oxidase and are susceptible to experimental infection with aspergillus fumigatus. the purpose of this study was to document the spontaneous diseases present in these mice which are a murine model of x-linked chronic granulomatous disease and to compare these lesions to those of chronic granulomatous disease in humans. lesions were documented in ... | 2002 | 12213046 |
| fermentability of grape must after inhibition with dimethyl dicarbonate (dmdc). | dimethyl dicarbonate (dmdc) was added to grape must and to synthetic media and results showed that, at 20 degrees c, 150 mg.l(-)(1) dmdc completely inhibited the fermentation of a grape must that was previously inoculated with 10(6) cells.ml(-)(1) saccharomyces bayanus and saccharomyces uvarum. brettanomyces intermedius, candida guilliermondii, hansenula jadinii, hansenula petersonii, kloeckera apiculata, pichia membranaefaciens, and saccharomyces cerevisiae were inhibited by 250 mg.l(-)(1). can ... | 2002 | 12236685 |
| antifungal effects of endodontic medicaments. | the eradication of root canal infection is paramount in endodontic treatment. because fungi are involved in some types of root canal infections, the purpose of this study was to investigate the antifungal effects of several medicaments against the following selected fungal species: candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida parapsilosis, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the agar diffusion test was the method used. calcium sulphate or zinc oxide in glycerin showed no inhibit ... | 2001 | 12360664 |
| [cloning and expression of a gene encoding riboflavin synthase of the yeast pichia guilliermondii]. | | 2002 | 12379014 |
| native valve endocarditis due to pichia ohmeri. | candida species can cause clinical manifestations in various organs of the cardiovascular system, i.e., the pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium, with endocarditis being the best-known clinical entity. endocarditis is seen primarily in intravenous drug users and in individuals with damaged native valves, especially in congenital heart disease or rheumatic valvular diseases, and in prosthetic heart valves. the authors present a case of pichia ohmeri endocarditis in an intravenous drug user, w ... | 2002 | 12382036 |
| in vivo pathogenicity of eight medically relevant candida species in an animal model. | the relative pathogenicity of eight medically important candida species was investigated in a mouse model. | 2002 | 12382088 |
| identification and antifungal susceptibility of candida isolated from intensive care unit patients. | candida was isolated in 205 of 1060 clinical specimens (19.33%) in our laboratary sent from the intensive care unit for mycological investigation between january 98-december 99. all isolated strains were identified to species level using the api candida system (bio-meieux, france) as follows; candida albicans (n:115, 56.09%), candida tropicalis (n:23, 11.21%), candida parapsilosis (n:21, 10.24%), candida glabrata (n:12, 5.83%). candida kefyr (n:9, 4.39%), candida lusitaniae (n:7, 3.41%), candida ... | 2002 | 12437230 |
| fungal infection of the radicular dentin. | although fungi have been detected in infected root canals, their precise role as endodontic pathogens has not yet been elucidated. the purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of radicular dentin colonization by five fungal species. bovine root sections were infected with each of the following fungal species: candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida parapsilosis, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. after 14 days, the sections were fixed in glutaraldehyde, split i ... | 2002 | 12470022 |
| ascomycetous yeasts from tropical intertidal dark mud of southeast brazilian estuaries. | four different intertidal estuarine sediments had distinct yeast communities. one-hundred-ninety-three yeast isolates were classified in 47 species, with 34 of these in the genus candida. candida tropicalis was the only ascomycetous species isolated from all four sites. other opportunistic pathogens including candida glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida parapsilosis and candida krusei were present, especially at the more polluted sites. pichia species were also frequent isolates with pichia ... | 1997 | 12501313 |
| bioremediation of chromium by the yeast pichia guilliermondii: toxicity and accumulation of cr (iii) and cr (vi) and the influence of riboflavin on cr tolerance. | a comparative study has been made on the sensitivity of the yeast pichia guilliermondii to cr (iii) and cr (vi) as well as on the cr uptake potential at growth-inhibitory concentrations of chromium. the strains used in the study were either isolated from natural sources or obtained from a laboratory strain collection. the results show that most of the natural strains were more tolerant to chromium and were able to grow in the presence of 5 mm cr (iii) or 0.5 mm cr (vi), that is at concentrations ... | 2003 | 12608581 |
| bioconversions of maize residues to value-added coproducts using yeast-like fungi. | agricultural residues are abundant potential feedstocks for bioconversions to industrial fuels and chemicals. every bushel of maize (approximately 25 kg) processed for sweeteners, oil, or ethanol generates nearly 7 kg of protein- and fiber-rich residues. currently these materials are sold for very low returns as animal feed ingredients. yeast-like fungi are promising biocatalysts for conversions of agricultural residues. although corn fiber (pericarp) arabinoxylan is resistant to digestion by co ... | 2003 | 12702445 |
| occurrence of yeasts in municipal wastes and their behaviour in presence of cadmium, copper and zinc. | seven yeasts strains have been isolated from sewage sludge. also six samples of compost with different sieving, composting times and origins, have been analysed. apparently, composting processes negatively affect the viability of yeasts, as none could be isolated from the compost samples. the margins of tolerance of the yeasts to cd, cu and zn have been determined. the physiological response to metals was similar in all the species studied, and in general, kinetic parameters (mu and lag) were af ... | 2003 | 12761769 |
| xylitol production from high xylose concentration: evaluation of the fermentation in bioreactor under different stirring rates. | to investigate the production of xylitol by the yeast candida guilliermondii fti 20037, in a bioreactor, from rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate with a high xylose concentration. | 2003 | 12859766 |
| xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzate in fluidized bed reactor. effect of air flowrate. | cells of candida guilliermondii immobilized onto porous glass spheres were cultured batchwise in a fluidized bed bioreactor for xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolyzate. an aeration rate of only 25 ml/min ensured minimum yields of xylose consumption (0.60) and biomass production (0.14 g(dm)/g(xyl)), as well as maximum xylitol yield (0.54 g(xyt)/g(xyl)) and ratio of immobilized to total cells (0.83). these results suggest that cell metabolism, although slow because of o ... | 2003 | 12892483 |
| a clarification of the relationship of candida guilliermondii to other yeasts by a study of their mating types. | | 1954 | 13211564 |