| sequence variation of block iii segment identifies three distinct lineages within eggplant mottled dwarf virus isolates from italy, spain and greece. | partial polymerase (l) gene sequences of 919 nts, including the conserved segments pre-motif a and motif a of block iii, of 20 eggplant mottled dwarf virus (emdv) isolates were generated, and trimmed sequences of 889 nts, based on the length of available sequences of other isolates, were used to determine phylogenetic relationships. phylogenetic reconstructions revealed two divergent lineages, designated as genetic group a (italian isolates) and group b, with the latter further divided into subg ... | 2016 | 26982474 |
| genetic variation of eggplant mottled dwarf virus from annual and perennial plant hosts. | the genetic diversity of eggplant mottled dwarf virus (emdv), a member of the family rhabdoviridae, was studied using isolates collected from different herbaceous and woody plant species and remote geographic areas. sequences corresponding to the n, x, p, y, m and g orfs as well as the untranslated regions (utrs) between orfs were determined from all isolates. low genetic diversity was found in almost all genomic regions studied except for the x orf and the utrs, which were more variable, while ... | 2016 | 26660163 |
| development of one-tube real-time qrt-pcr and evaluation of rna extraction methods for the detection of eggplant mottled dwarf virus in different species. | a one-tube real-time qrt-pcr assay was developed, for the detection and quantification of eggplant mottled dwarf virus (emdv), a pathogen affecting cultivated and ornamental plants. the amplification efficiency of the assay was 98% and the linear range of quantification was from 20 to 2×10(8) rna transcripts. total rna extraction methods (three developed methods and one commercially available rna extraction kit) were evaluated using tissues from seven different plant species and synthetic emdv r ... | 2015 | 25445799 |
| a novel strategy for the determination of a rhabdovirus genome and its application to sequencing of eggplant mottled dwarf virus. | a novel strategy employing the rhabdovirus untranslated conserved intergenic regions was developed and applied successfully for the determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of eggplant mottled dwarf virus (emdv). the emdv genome contains seven open reading frames with the same organization as potato yellow dwarf virus (pydv), the type species of the genus nucleorhabdovirus. these two species encode five core genes [nucleocapsid (n), phosphoprotein (p), matrix (m), glycoprotein (g), and ... | 2013 | 23558438 |
| lectins as probes for the assay of rhabdovirus infections in plants. | thirteen different, biotinylated plant lectins were tested for their ability to recognize specifically the glycoproteins of the two different plant rhabdoviruses potato yellow dwarf virus and eggplant mottled dwarf virus. all viruses were propagated on the same plant host species, nicotiana rustica l. the lectin-binding to the viral proteins was tested after electrophoretic separation and transfer to nitrocellulose membranes. besides purified virus also partially pure virus preparations were use ... | 1987 | 3680462 |
| a study of the structure of eggplant mottled dwarf virus. | | 1973 | 4139808 |
| prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (entomophthoromycota) of aphids (hemiptera: aphididae) on solanaceous crops in argentina. | solanum melongena l. and capsicum annuum l. were sampled in argentina to determine the prevalence of fungal diseased aphids. the pathogens identified were pandora neoaphidis (remaudière & hennebert) humber and zoophthora radicans (brefeld) batko (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) on aphids from eggplants; and p. neoaphidis and entomophthora planchoniana cornu (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) on aphids from peppers. the highest fungal prevalence was 45.5% (n=2296) and 98.1% (n=3212) from ... | 2014 | 24956128 |
| vegetable contamination by the fecal bacteria of poultry manure: case study of gardening sites in southern benin. | a study was conducted in southern benin to assess the contamination of vegetables by fecal coliforms, escherichia coli, and fecal streptococci as one consequence of the intensification of vegetable cropping through fertilization with poultry manure. for this purpose, on-farm trials were conducted in 2009 and 2010 at yodo-condji and ayi-guinnou with three replications and four fertilization treatments including poultry manure and three vegetable crops (leafy eggplant, tomato, and carrot). samplin ... | 2016 | 27069914 |
| suppression of sos repair in e. coli: possible mechanism of antimutagenicity and protective effects of common vegetables. | this study aims to understand variations in antimutagenic potential of vegetables, as observed in reduction of uv-induced mutation (rif(s)→rif(r)) in escherichia coli cells. on further investigation, the juice of vegetables [eggplant (small-violet), pepper (hot arbol), bean (french), and tomato] was found to suppress mutagenic sos response as measured by cell filamentation, lexa degradation, and induction of defective prophage as per their antimutagenic potential. cell filamentation which was ob ... | 2014 | 24224832 |
| draft genome sequence of an isolate of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, the causal agent of fusarium wilt of eggplant. | here, we present the genome sequence of an isolate (14004) of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, an eggplant pathogen. the final assembly consists of 1,631 scaffolds with 53,986,354 bp (g+c content, 46.4%) and 16,485 predicted genes. | 2017 | 28209821 |
| synthesis and fungicidal activity of tryptophan analogues - the unexpected calycanthaceous alkaloid derivatives. | a series of 21 n-protected tryptophan derivatives were synthesised from tryptophan in good yields. their structures were characterised by ir, (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, dept (90° and 135°) and ms analysis. the synthesised compounds were evaluated against a wide variety of plant pathogen fungi. compounds a19 and a21 displayed activity against fusarium oxysporum (f. oxysporum), and compound a21 showed high activity against f. oxysporum and eggplant verticillium, with ec50 values of 58.27 and 77.39 μg ml ... | 2017 | 27653454 |
| detailed mapping of a resistance locus against fusarium wilt in cultivated eggplant (solanum melongena). | this is the first report on genetic mapping of a resistance locus against fusarium wilt caused by the plant pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae in cultivated eggplant. | 2016 | 26582508 |
| increased resistance to fungal wilts in transgenic eggplant expressing alfalfa glucanase gene. | the wilt diseases caused by verticillium dahliae and fusarium oxysporum are the major diseases of eggplant (solanum melongena l.). in order to generate transgenic resistance against the wilt diseases, agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was performed to introduce alfalfa glucanase gene encoding an acidic glucanase into eggplant using neomycin phosphotransferase (npt-ii) gene as a plant selection marker. the transgene integration into eggplant genome was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (p ... | 2014 | 24757318 |
| first detection of klebsiella variicola producing oxa-181 carbapenemase in fresh vegetable imported from asia to switzerland. | the emergence and worldwide spread of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae is of great concern to public health services. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in fresh vegetables and spices imported from asia to switzerland. | 2015 | 26448862 |
| a generic model for spoilage of acidic emulsified foods: combining physicochemical data, diversity and levels of specific spoilage organisms. | the spoilage pattern of three emulsified, vegetable-based spreads of low ph (3.90-4.15) adjusted with acetic acid was characterized by correlating the growth of spoilage flora with the organoleptic and physicochemical changes, as well as the changes in the species composition of the dominant microflora during storage under isothermal conditions. in a further step, a generic (hereafter called 'unified') model was developed to describe the maximum specific growth rate of the specific spoilage orga ... | 2014 | 24287294 |
| a description of the lactic acid bacteria microbiota associated with the production of traditional fermented vegetables in vietnam. | an important part of the daily nourishment in vietnam constitutes of fermented vegetables. bacteria and especially lactic acid bacteria play a central role in the production of many fermented vegetables. the current study was conducted to investigate the diversity of native lactic acid bacteria (lab) populations in 'dua muoi' (mustard and beet fermentation) and 'ca muoi' (eggplant fermentation), three types of popular traditional fermented vegetables of vietnamese origin. to this end a polyphasi ... | 2013 | 23500611 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne arenaria and pasteuria penetrans in a long-term crop rotation study. | the endospore-forming bacterium pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). the primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of crop sequence on abundance of p. penetrans. the experiment was conducted from 2000 to 2008 at a field site naturally infested with both the bacterium and its host meloidogyne arenaria and included the following crop sequences: continuous peanut (arachis hypogaea) (p-p-p) and peanut rotated with either 2 years of ... | 2009 | 22736828 |
| tropical rotation crops influence nematode densities and vegetable yields. | the effects of eight summer rotation crops on nematode densities and yields of subsequent spring vegetable crops were determined in field studies conducted in north florida from 1991 to 1993. the crop sequence was as follows: (i) rotation crops during summer 1991; (ii) cover crop of rye (secale cereale) during winter 1991-92; (iii) 'lemondrop l' squash (cucurbita pepo) during spring 1992; (iv) rotation crops during summer 1992; (v) rye during winter 1992-93; (vi) 'classic' eggplant (solanum melo ... | 1994 | 19279897 |
| effects of tropical rotation crops on meloidogyne arenaria population densities and vegetable yields in microplots. | the effects of 12 summer crop rotation treatments on population densities of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 and on yields of subsequent spring vegetable crops were determined in microplots. the crop sequence was: (i) rotation crops during summer 1991 ; (ii) cover crop of rye (secale cereale) during winter 1991-92; (iii) squash (cucurbita pepo) during spring 1992; (iv) rotation crops during summer 1992; (v) rye during winter 1992-93; (vi) eggplant (solanum melongena) during spring 1993. the 12 rotat ... | 1994 | 19279880 |
| expression of a cystatin transgene in eggplant provides resistance to root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | root-knot nematodes (rkn) cause substantial yield decline in eggplant and sustainable management options to minimize crop damage due to nematodes are still limited. a number of genetic engineering strategies have been developed to disrupt the successful plant-nematode interactions. among them, delivery of proteinase inhibitors from the plant to perturb nematode development and reproduction is arguably the most effective strategy. in the present study, transgenic eggplant expressing a modified ri ... | 2016 | 27516765 |
| efficacy of various application methods of fluensulfone for managing root-knot nematodes in vegetables. | fluensulfone is a new nematicide in the flouroalkenyl chemical group. a field experiment was conducted in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the efficacy of various application methods of fluensulfone for control of meloidogyne spp. in cucumber (cucumis sativus). treatments of fluensulfone (3.0 kg a.i./ha) were applied either as preplant incorporation (ppi) or via different drip irrigation methods: drip without pulse irrigation (drip np), pulse irrigation 1 hr after treatment (drip +1p), and treatment at ... | 2016 | 27418698 |
| systemic acquired resistance activation in solanaceous crops as a management strategy against root-knot nematodes. | activators of systemic acquired resistance (sar), such as salicylic acid (sa) and its synthetic functional analogues benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothionic acid-s-methyl ester (bth) and 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (ina), were tested on tomato, eggplant and pepper for the control of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. effects on plant fitness, nematode reproduction and root galling were screened in relation to different methods of application, to different applied dosages of chemicals ... | 2016 | 26085141 |
| solanum torvum responses to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | solanum torvum sw is worldwide employed as rootstock for eggplant cultivation because of its vigour and resistance/tolerance to the most serious soil-borne diseases as bacterial, fungal wilts and root-knot nematodes. the little information on solanum torvum (hereafter torvum) resistance mechanisms, is mostly attributable to the lack of genomic tools (e.g. dedicated microarray) as well as to the paucity of database information limiting high-throughput expression studies in torvum. | 2013 | 23937585 |
| root-knot nematode management in double-cropped plasticulture vegetables. | combination treatments of chisel-injected fumigants (methyl bromide, 1,3-d, metam sodium, and chloropicrin) on a first crop, followed by drip-applied fumigants (metam sodium and 1,3-d +/- chloropicrin) on a second crop, with and without oxamyl drip applications were evaluated for control of meloidogyne incognita in three different tests (2002 to 2004) in tifton, ga. first crops were eggplant or tomato, and second crops were cantaloupe, squash, or jalapeno pepper. double-cropped vegetables suffer ... | 2006 | 19259431 |
| effect of meloidogyne incognita and importance of the inoculum on the yield of eggplant. | the relationship between population densities of race 1 of meloidogyne incognita and yield of eggplant was studied. microplots were infested with finely chopped nematode-infected pepper roots to give population densities of 0, 0.062, 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 eggs and juveniles/cm(3) soil. both plant growth and yield were suppressed by the nematode. a tolerance limit of 0.054 eggs and juveniles/cm(3) soil and a minimum relative yield of 0.05 at four or more eggs and juve ... | 1986 | 19294216 |
| potential of tissue culture for breeding root-knot nematode resistance into vegetables. | plant protoplast technology is being investigated as a means of transferring root-knot nematode resistance factors from solanum sisymbriifolium into the susceptible s. melongena. solanum sisymbriifolium plants regenerated from callus lost resistance to meloidogyne javanica but retained resistance to m. incognita. tomato plants cloned from leaf discs of the root-knot nematode resistant 'patriot' were completely susceptible to m. incognita, while sections of stems and leaves rooted in sand in the ... | 1982 | 19295668 |
| heterologous expression of the mi-1.2 gene from tomato confers resistance against nematodes but not aphids in eggplant. | the mi-1.2 gene in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) is a member of the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (nblrr) class of plant resistance genes, and confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.), the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae), and the sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci). mi-1.2 mediates a rapid local defensive response at the site of infection, although the signaling and defensive pathways required for resistance are largely unknown. in this study, eggplant ... | 2006 | 16610741 |
| viroid rna turnover: characterization of the subgenomic rnas of potato spindle tuber viroid accumulating in infected tissues provides insights into decay pathways operating in vivo. | while biogenesis of viroid rnas is well-known, how they decay is restricted to data involving host rna silencing. here we report an alternative degradation pathway operating on potato spindle tuber viroid (pstvd), the type species of nuclear-replicating viroids (family pospiviroidae). northern-blot hybridizations with full- and partial-length probes revealed a set of pstvd (+) subgenomic (sg)rnas in early-infected eggplant, some partially overlapping and reaching levels comparable to those of th ... | 2015 | 25662219 |
| characterization of bacteria degrading 3-hydroxy palmitic acid methyl ester (3oh-pame), a quorum sensing molecule of ralstonia solanacearum. | bacterial wilt pathogen ralstonia solanacearum causes severe crop loss of eggplant, which is of economic importance in india. 3-hydroxy palmitic acid methyl ester (3oh-pame) is the main quorum sensing molecule governing the expression of virulence factors in r. solanacearum. ability of 164 bacterial isolates from the xylem of eggplant (solanum melongena l.), chilli pepper (capsicum annuum l.) and wild eggplant (solanum torvum sw.) to degrade 3oh-pame was tested by disc diffusion assay. enzymatic ... | 2015 | 25580768 |
| an effector gene hopa1 influences on virulence, host specificity, and lifestyles of pseudomonas cichorii jbc1. | pseudomonas cichorii is a devastating pathogen which infects a wide range of ornamental as well as agricultural crops worldwide. characterization of virulence genes helps to understand pathogens' infection processes, which may lead to development of resistant crops. for functional validation of novel genes, we re-constructed pucp18 vector with λ phage red operon and sacb gene (pucp18_reds), which simplified conventional marker exchange system. the effector gene hopa1 of p. cichorii jbc1 was mark ... | 2014 | 25127676 |
| implication of an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene and a phosphinothricin n-acetyltransferase gene in the diversity of pseudomonas cichorii virulence. | pseudomonas cichorii harbors the hrp genes. hrp-mutants lose their virulence on eggplant but not on lettuce. a phosphinothricin n-acetyltransferase gene (pat) is located between hrpl and an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (aldh) in the genome of p. cichorii. comparison of nucleotide sequences and composition of the genes among pseudomonads suggests a common ancestor of hrp and pat between p. cichorii strains and p. viridiflava strains harboring the single hrp pathogenicity island. in contrast, phylo ... | 2011 | 24704843 |
| eggplant and related species are promising genetic resources to dissect the plant immune response to pseudomonas syringae and xanthomonas euvesicatoria and to identify new resistance determinants. | the apparent lack of durability of many resistance (r) genes highlights the need for the constant identification of new genetic sources of resistance for the breeding of new disease-resistant crop cultivars. to this end, we screened a collection of accessions of eggplant and close relatives for resistance against pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (pto) and xanthomonas euvesicatoria (xeu), foliar plant pathogens of many solanaceous crops. both pathogens caused substantial disease on most genotypes ... | 2014 | 24684604 |
| evaluation of the biocontrol potential of purpureocillium lilacinum qlp12 against verticillium dahliae in eggplant. | a fungus with broad spectrum antifungal activity was isolated from the soil in qinling mountain, shaanxi province, in china. the fungus was identified as purpureocillium lilacinum based on its rdna gene analysis. the strain, coded as qlp12, showed high inhibition activity on fungal mycelium growth in vitro, especially to mucor piriformis, trichothecium roseum, rhizoctonia solani, and verticillium dahliae, and its potential for biocontrol efficacy of eggplant. verticillium wilt disease caused by ... | 2017 | 28303252 |
| towards the identification of type iii effectors associated with ralstonia solanacearum virulence on tomato and eggplant. | for the development of pathogen-informed breeding strategies, identifying the microbial genes involved in interactions with the plant is a critical step. to identify type iii effector (t3e) repertoires associated with virulence of the bacterial wilt pathogen ralstonia solanacearum on solanaceous crops, we used an original association genetics approach combining dna microarray data and pathogenicity data on resistant eggplant, pepper, and tomato accessions. from this first screen, 25 t3es were fu ... | 2015 | 26368514 |
| genetic diversity of the bacterial wilt pathogen ralstonia solanacearum using a rapd marker. | bacterial wilt caused by ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive disease of many economically important crop species. a significant variation in wilt incidence and severity in eggplant and potato was observed among the growing areas surveyed. r. solanacearum isolates obtained both from eggplant and potato belong to biovar iii, while isolates from eggplant belong to race 1 and isolates obtained from potato belong to race 3. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique was used as a tool for ... | 2015 | 26302834 |
| genome-enabled phylogeographic investigation of the quarantine pathogen ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 and screening for sources of resistance against its core effectors. | phylogeographic studies inform about routes of pathogen dissemination and are instrumental for improving import/export controls. genomes of 17 isolates of the bacterial wilt and potato brown rot pathogen ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (r3bv2), a select agent in the united states, were thus analyzed to get insight into the phylogeography of this pathogen. thirteen of fourteen isolates from europe, africa, and asia were found to belong to a single clonal lineage while isolates from south a ... | 2015 | 25710204 |
| ralstonia solanacearum type iii secretion system effector rip36 induces a hypersensitive response in the nonhost wild eggplant solanum torvum. | ralstonia solanacearum is a gram-negative soil-borne bacterium that causes bacterial wilt disease in more than 200 plant species, including economically important solanaceae species. in r. solanacearum, the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) type iii secretion system is required for both the ability to induce the hypersensitive response (hr) in nonhost plants and pathogenicity in host plants. recently, 72 effector genes, called rip (ralstonia protein injected into plant cells), have ... | 2014 | 24745046 |
| phenylpropanoids accumulation in eggplant fruit: characterization of biosynthetic genes and regulation by a myb transcription factor. | phenylpropanoids are major secondary metabolites in eggplant (solanum melongena) fruits. chlorogenic acid (cga) accounts for 70-90% of total phenolics in flesh tissues, while anthocyanins are mainly present in the fruit skin. as a contribution to the understanding of the peculiar accumulation of these health-promoting metabolites in eggplant, we report on metabolite abundance, regulation of cga and anthocyanin biosynthesis, and characterization of candidate cga biosynthetic genes in s. melongena ... | 2015 | 26858726 |
| survival and growth of salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7 and staphylococcus aureus in eggplant dip during storage. | eggplant dip is an internationally popular appetizer, prepared in some instances under uncertain hygienic conditions with inconsistent refrigeration. this study examined the effects of citric acid on the survival of pathogenic microorganisms (salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7 and staphylococcus aureus) and naturally present organisms (lactic acid bacteria, lab, aerobic bacteria, apc and yeast and mold, ym) in eggplant dip during storage. eggplant dip with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 or 0.8% ... | 2015 | 25590259 |
| eggplant mild leaf mottle virus (emlmv), a new putative member of the genus ipomovirus that harbors an hc-pro gene. | since 2003, a new viral disease of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) has been spreading in fields in the jordan and arava valleys, israel. the symptoms of this disease include mild leaf mottling and varying degrees of fruit distortion. this disease can be transmitted by mechanical sap inoculation, as well as by the whitefly bemisia tabaci (homoptera, aleyrodidae) and has been tentatively named eggplant mild leaf mottle virus (emlmv). our study aimed to determine the complete sequence and genome or ... | 2012 | 22086504 |
| virus-induced gene silencing in eggplant (solanum melongena). | eggplant (solanum melongena) is an economically important vegetable requiring investigation into its various genomic functions. the current limitation in the investigation of genomic function in eggplant is the lack of effective tools available for conducting functional assays. virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) has played a critical role in the functional genetic analyses. in this paper, trv-mediated vigs was successfully elicited in eggplant. we first cloned the cds sequence of pds (phytoene ... | 2012 | 22268843 |
| emergence and diversity of begomoviruses infecting solanaceous crops in east and southeast asia. | over the past three decades diseases caused by whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (begomoviruses) have emerged to be important constraints to the production of solanaceous crops, particularly tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and peppers (capsicum spp.), in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. the most studied of these is tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv), which has spread to many other areas from its likely origin in the mediterranean basin region. the virus is usually associated ... | 2014 | 24440320 |
| rapid spread of a recently introduced virus (tomato yellow leaf curl virus) and its vector bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) in liaoning province, china. | in liaoning province, china, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) was first detected in 2009 and in only four counties. to quantify the spread of tylcv and to identify potential factors influencing its spread in liaoning province, we assayed for tylcv within 1,055 whiteflies (bemisia tabaci (gennadius) complex) from 74 populations and 29 counties in 2011. the b. tabaci species of these individuals was determined based on molecular markers. tylcv was found in 13 counties (donggang, liaoyang, kaz ... | 2014 | 24665690 |
| development of an improved isolation approach and simple sequence repeat markers to characterize phytophthora capsici populations in irrigation ponds in southern georgia. | phytophthora capsici, the causal agent of phytophthora blight, is a major concern in vegetable production in georgia and many other states in the united states. contamination of irrigation water sources by p. capsici may be an important source of inoculum for the pathogen. a simple method was developed in this study to improve the efficiency of recovering p. capsici from fruits used as baits in irrigation ponds. in contrast to direct isolation on agar plates, infected fruit tissues were used to ... | 2009 | 19581483 |
| phytophthora infestans enters the genomics era. | summary phytophthora infestans, cause of late-blight, is the most devastating disease of potato world-wide. recent years have seen a dramatic intensification in molecular biological studies of p. infestans, including the development of novel tools for transformation and gene silencing and the resources for genetical, transcriptional and physical mapping of the genome. this review will focus on the increasing efforts to use these resources to discover the genetic bases of pathogenicity, avirulenc ... | 2001 | 20573013 |
| assessment of heavy metal pollution in vegetables and relationships with soil heavy metal distribution in zhejiang province, china. | there are increasing concerns on heavy metal contaminant in soils and vegetables. in this study, we investigated heavy metal pollution in vegetables and the corresponding soils in the main vegetable production regions of zhejiang province, china. a total of 97 vegetable samples and 202 agricultural soil samples were analyzed for the concentrations of cd, pb, as, hg, and cr. the average levels of cd, pb, and cr in vegetable samples [chinese cabbage (brassica campestris spp. pekinensis), pakchoi ( ... | 2015 | 26013654 |
| [study on content and intake status of vegetable fiber in rural residents in china]. | to study the distribution and intake of vegetable fiber of chinese rural residents. | 2007 | 18303630 |
| determination of cadmium, lead and zinc in vegetables in jaipur (india). | an atomic absorption spectroscopic method was used for the determination of lead, cadmium and zinc in vegetables grown in and around jaipur food stuffs irrigated with industrial waste water. vegetable samples were collected after maturity, and analyzed, such as spinach (spinacia oleracea), ladyfinger (abelmoschus esulentus), pepper mint (menthe pipereta), brinjal (solanum melongena), coriander (coriandrum sativum), cauliflower (brassica oleracea), onion (allium cepa), radish (raphanus sativus), ... | 2014 | 26445755 |
| alpha-tocopherol content in 62 edible tropical plants. | vitamin e was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method. all the plants tested showed differences in their alpha-tocopherol content and the differences were significant (p < 0.05). the highest alpha-tocopherol content was in sauropus androgynus leaves (426.8 mg/kg edible portion), followed by citrus hystrix leaves (398.3 mg/kg), calamus scipronum (193.8 mg/kg), starfruit leaves averrhoa belimbi (168.3 mg/kg), red pepper capsicum annum (155.4 mg/kg), local celery apiu ... | 2001 | 11410015 |
| traditional chinese medicine, food therapy, and hypertension control: a narrative review of chinese literature. | despite the lack of english literature about traditional chinese medicine (tcm) food therapy, there is abundant chinese literature about the application of food therapy for hypertension control. this paper summarizes basic concepts of tcm, the principles of food therapy and its application for hypertension control according to chinese literature. in tcm, food is conceptualized according to both nutritional and functional aspects, and can be used to treat illnesses. four principles of tcm food th ... | 2016 | 27852126 |
| [vitamin c in fruits and vegetables]. | strong opinion about reducing vitamin c content in traditional cultivars of fruits and vegetables as a result of intensive farming practices, on the one hand, and depletion of soil, waste of fertilizers, on the other hand, takes place. the aim of the study was to assess changes in vitamin c content in fresh vegetables, fruits and berries from the 40s of last century to the present. available national and foreign data from official tables of the chemical composition tables published in different ... | 2013 | 24006751 |
| une-en iso/iec 17025:2005-accredited method for the determination of pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable samples by lc-ms/ms. | a rapid, simple and sensitive multi-residue method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification and confirmation of 69 pesticides in fruit and vegetables using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). the samples were extracted following the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe method known as quechers. mass spectrometric conditions were individually optimised for each analyte in order to achieve maximum sensitivity in multiple reaction monitoring ( ... | 2010 | 20730643 |
| genetic diversity, population structure, and resistance to phytophthora capsici of a worldwide collection of eggplant germplasm. | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is an important solanaceous crop with high phenotypic diversity and moderate genotypic diversity. ninety-nine genotypes of eggplant germplasm (species (s. melongena, s. incanum, s. linnaeanum and s. gilo), landraces and heirloom cultivars) from 32 countries and five continents were evaluated for genetic diversity, population structure, fruit shape, and disease resistance to phytophthora fruit rot. fruits from each line were measured for fruit shape and evaluated f ... | 2014 | 24819601 |
| latex-vegetable syndrome due to custard apple and aubergine: new variations of the hevein symphony. | an increasing number of vegetables with crossreactions to latex are being described in patients with latex-vegetable syndrome. we present two of these vegetables, custard apple linked in two previous cases with latex sensitisation, and aubergine, that had not been described up to now in patients with latex sensitisation. the diagnosis of both cases was based on the clinical history, positive skin prick test (spt) and specific ige to the offending vegetables, as well as to positive spt and specif ... | 2005 | 16433216 |
| biocompatible colloidal dispersions as potential formulations of natural pyrethrins: a structural and efficacy study. | biocompatible colloidal dispersions of the micro- and nanoemulsion type based on lemon oil terpenes, polysorbates, water, and glycerol were used for the formulation of pyrethrins, botanical insecticides derived from the white pyrethrum daisy, tanacetum cinerariifolium. the proposed formulation is based on pyrethrin-containing water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsions that could be diluted in one step with an aqueous phase to obtain kinetically stable oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsions. structural characte ... | 2015 | 25946579 |
| special plant species determines diet breadth of phytophagous insects: a study on host plant expansion of the host-specialized aphis gossypii glover. | host specialization is a ubiquitous character of phytophagous insects. the polyphagous population is usually composed of some subpopulations that can use only a few closely related plants. cotton-melon aphids, aphis gossypii glover exhibited strong host specialization, and the cotton- and cucurbits-specialized biotypes had been clearly identified. however, the experimental work that addressed the roles of plant species in determining diet breadth of phytophagous insects is rare. in the present s ... | 2013 | 23580128 |
| insecticide resistance traits differ among and within host races in aphis gossypii. | the polyphagous cotton-melon aphid aphis gossypii glover is structured into geographically widespread host races comprising a few clones specialised on cucurbitaceae, cotton, eggplant or pepper. to assess insecticide resistance among and within host races, leaf disc bioassays were conducted on aphid clones collected from cucurbitaceae (genotypes c4 and c9), cotton (genotypes burk and ivo), eggplant (genotype auber) and pepper (genotype psp4). molecular diagnostic (pcr-rflp) and enzyme assays wer ... | 2010 | 19908228 |
| ecological specialization of the aphid aphis gossypii glover on cultivated host plants. | many plant-feeding insect species considered to be polyphagous are in fact composed of genetically differentiated sympatric populations that use different hosts and between which gene flow still exists. we studied the population genetic structure of the cotton-melon aphid aphis gossypii that is considered as one of the most polyphagous aphid species. we used eight microsatellites to analyse the genetic diversity of numerous samples of a. gossypii collected over several years at a large geographi ... | 2009 | 19635073 |
| genetic analysis of environmental strains of the plant pathogen phytophthora capsici reveals heterogeneous repertoire of effectors and possible effector evolution via genomic island. | phytophthora capsici is a virulent oomycete pathogen of many vegetable crops. recently, it has been demonstrated that the recognition of the rxlr effector avr3a1 of p. capsici (pcavr3a1) triggers a hypersensitive response and plays a critical role in mediating non-host resistance. here, we analyzed the occurrence of pcavr3a1 in 57 isolates of p. capsici derived from globe squash, eggplant, tomato and bell pepper cocultivated in a small geographical area. the occurrence of pcavr3a1 in environment ... | 2015 | 26443834 |
| entomopathogenic potential of trichoderma longibrachiatum and its comparative evaluation with malathion against the insect pest leucinodes orbonalis. | the widespread use of chemical pesticides in agriculture has led to the pollution of environmental systems and has caused various health disorders in animals and humans. biological pest control is one of the most environmentally friendly methods in modern agriscience. such methods protect crops from pests and do not pollute the environment. a strain of trichoderma longibrachiatum was isolated and identified from the soil environment of the north 24 parganas district, eastern india. a spore suspe ... | 2016 | 26676413 |
| in silico prediction of proteins related to xyloglucan fucosyltransferases in solanaceae genomes. | two independent studies have shown that the cell wall of pollen tubes from tobacco and tomato species contained fucosylated xyloglucan (xyg). these findings are intriguing as many reports have shown that xyg of somatic cells of these species is not fucosylated but instead is arabinosylated. in order to produce fucosylated xyg, plants must express a functional galactoside α-2-fucosyltransferase. here, using a bioinformatics approach, we show that several candidate genes coding for xyg fucosyltran ... | 2015 | 26176901 |
| sprout vacuum-infiltration: a simple and efficient agroinoculation method for virus-induced gene silencing in diverse solanaceous species. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is a robust technique for identifying the functions of plant genes. tobacco rattle virus (trv)-mediated vigs has been commonly used in many plants. in order to overcome the limitations of existing agroinoculation methods, we report an easy and effective method of agroinoculation for virus-induced gene silencing-sprout vacuum-infiltration (svi). using sprout vacuum-infiltration, we have successfully silenced the expression of phytoene desaturase and mg-protopor ... | 2012 | 22717672 |
| salinity-induced expression of hkt may be crucial for na(+) exclusion in the leaf blade of huckleberry (solanum scabrum mill.), but not of eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | reduced na(+) accumulation in the leaf blade is an important aspect of salinity tolerance and high affinity k(+) transporters (hkts) are known to play a significant role in the process. huckleberry and eggplant have previously been shown to display 'excluder' and 'includer' characteristics, respectively, under salt stress, but the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated. here, we isolated the cdna of the hkt homologs, solanum scabrum hkt (sshkt) from huckleberry and solanum melongena hk ... | 2015 | 25796329 |
| identification and characterization of cbl and cipk gene families in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is an edible vegetable cultivated and consumed worldwide. but the production of eggplant is significantly limited by the soil salinization in greenhouse cultivation system. the main ions are na(+), ca(2+), mg(2+), k(+), cl(-), and so4 (2-) in the salty soils. calcineurin b-like proteins (cbls) are calcium sensors and control the affinities and activities of numerous ion transporters with cbl-interacting protein kinases (cipks). in this study, a total of 5 cbl and ... | 2016 | 27287616 |
| novel insight into the mechanism underlying light-controlled anthocyanin accumulation in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | eggplant is rich in anthocyanins, which are the major secondary metabolites and beneficial to human health. we discovered that the anthocyanin biosynthesis of eggplant cultivar 'lanshan hexian' was regulated by light. in this study, we isolated two blue light receptor genes, smcry1 and smcry2, and negative/positive anthocyanin regulatory factors smcop1 and smhy5 from eggplant. in terms of transcript levels, smcry1, smcry2 and smhy5 were up-regulated by light, while smcop1 was down-regulated. sub ... | 2016 | 27297989 |
| so near and yet so far: the specific case of ralstonia solanacearum populations from côte d'ivoire in africa. | the genetic and phenotypic diversity of côte d'ivoire ralstonia solanacearum strains was assessed on a 168-strain collection sampled on solanaceae both in the southern lowlands and western highlands. phylotypes i, ii, and iii were prevalent, though at unexpected frequencies. phylotype i strains (87.5%) were genetically diverse and overrepresented in all agroecological areas, including highlands (aez iii). phylotype ii strains (10.7%) only belonged to one tropical lowland-adapted broad host range ... | 2012 | 22533876 |
| genetic mapping of a major dominant gene for resistance to ralstonia solanacearum in eggplant. | resistance of eggplant against ralstonia solanacearum phylotype i strains was assessed in a f(6) population of recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a intra-specific cross between s. melongena mm738 (susceptible) and ag91-25 (resistant). resistance traits were determined as disease score, percentage of wilted plants, and stem-based bacterial colonization index, as assessed in greenhouse experiments conducted in réunion island, france. the ag91-25 resistance was highly efficient toward str ... | 2013 | 22930132 |
| biosynthesis of jasmonic acid by several plant species. | six plant species metabolized (18)o-labeled 12-oxo-cis,cis-10,15-phytodienoic acid (12-oxo-pda) to short chain cyclic fatty acids. the plant species were corn (zea mays l.), eggplant (solanum melongena l.), flax (linum usitatissimum l.), oat (avena sativa l.), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), and wheat (triticum aestivum l.). among the products was jasmonic acid, a natural plant constituent with growth-regulating properties. the pathway is the same as the one recently reported by us for jasmoni ... | 1984 | 16663643 |
| diversity of ralstonia solanacearum in french guiana expands knowledge of the "emerging ecotype". | although bacterial wilt remains a major plant disease throughout south america and the caribbean, the diversity of prevalent ralstonia solanacearum populations is largely unknown. the genetic and phenotypic diversity of r. solanacearum strains in french guiana was assessed using diagnostic polymerase chain reactions and sequence-based (egl and muts) genotyping on a 239-strain collection sampled on the families solanaceae and cucurbitaceae, revealing an unexpectedly high diversity. strains were d ... | 2014 | 24283538 |
| comparison between solanum torvum sw. and s. melongena l. after ralstonia solanacearum inoculation. | bacterial wilt, caused by ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the most devastating plant diseases, affecting some economically important solanaceae crops. in contrast, solanum torvum, also known as wild eggplant, does not wilt when infested with r. solanacearum. in order to describe the mechanism underlying the response of s. torvum, it was compared with the cultivated eggplant, s. melongena, when both were infected with the same r. solanacearum strain. no wilting occurred in s. torvum, although t ... | 2014 | 24853578 |
| leaf morphological characters can be a factor for intra-varietal preference of whitefly bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) among eggplant varieties. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) meam1, is considered a serious pest of horticultural and many other crops. while eggplant (solanum melongena) is one of the most favored host plants, the whiteflies exhibit preferences among different varieties. we hypothesized that certain morphological leaf characteristics of different varieties, like leaf trichome density, trichome length, leaf lamina thickness and leaf color, may affect whitefly landing, feeding and ovipositio ... | 2016 | 27081849 |
| intra- and interspecific competition between western flower thrips and sweetpotato whitefly. | the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), are both invasive insect pests and are present in most of the same agricultural crops without a clear dominance of either species. here, intra- and interspecific competition in b. tabaci and f. occidentalis was determined under controlled experiments. the results showed that intraspecific competition was distinct in f. occidentalis and that the co-occurrence of b. tabaci ha ... | 2014 | 25480973 |
| ipomovirus--an atypical genus in the family potyviridae transmitted by whiteflies. | ipomoviruses (genus ipomovirus) are whitefly-transmitted viruses assigned to the family potyviridae. they are characterised by filamentous flexible particles and a positive-sense single-stranded rna (+ssrna) genome. the viral genome is translated into a polyprotein precursor, which is processed into mature proteins and a short overlapping open reading frame. the genus ipomovirus contains four accepted species and one unapproved species, and two other tentative members have recently been characte ... | 2014 | 24464680 |
| feeding experience of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) affects their performance on different host plants. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci biotype b is extremely polyphagous with >600 species of host plants. we hypothesized that previous experience of the whitefly on a given host plant affects their host selection and performance on the plants without previous experience. we investigated the host selection for feeding and oviposition of adults and development and survival of immatures of three host-plant-experienced populations of b. tabaci, namely bemisia-eggplant, bemisia-tomato and bemisi ... | 2013 | 24146985 |
| influence of plant combinations on population characteristics of bemisia tabaci biotypes b and q. | in recent years, the dominant biotype of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) has shifted from biotype b to q in many locations of china. our field monitoring showed that b. tabaci biotype q could be found on pepper capsicum frutescens l. while biotype b could not be found on the plant. to study the role of the host plant in the displacement of biotype b by q, the adult mortality, female fecundity, and adult emergence of both biotypes b and q on different host combinations were studied using a model syste ... | 2012 | 22812132 |
| populations of predators and parasitoids of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) after the application of eight biorational insecticides in vegetable crops. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), is an important pest of vegetables and many other crops worldwide. eight biorational insecticides (based on oil, plant derivatives, insect growth regulator and fungus) were evaluated in the field for their influence on populations of six natural enemies of b. tabaci. natural populations of two predators [chrysoperla carnea stephen (neuroptera: chrysopidae) and orius spp. (hemiptera: anthocoridae)] and two genera of pa ... | 2011 | 21480463 |
| [effects of host plants on selection behavior and biological parameters of bemisia tabaci gennadius biotype b]. | based on the observation of free diffusion in petri dish and biology, the selection behavior and biological parameters of bemisia tabaci gennadius biotype b on host plants cucumber, eggplant, pepper, cotton, and sweet potato were investigated. no difference was observed in the individual number of b. tabaci on the five host plant leaves during the early period of free diffusion (within 2 h), but changes were found within the following periods (4-48 h), i.e., the b. tabaci individuals increased o ... | 2009 | 20030150 |
| some biological features of cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) on various host plants. | development and reproduction of the cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) were studied on aubergine, tomato and potato under laboratory conditions (30 degrees c and 55% rh). total life cycle from egg to adult was 14.9, 20.0 and 14.2 days on aubergine, tomato and potato, respectively. immature mortality were 12.9, 18.1 and 12.3% at the same three host plants. females of b. tabaci oviposited means of 51.8, 60.1 and 67.5 eggs on aubergine, tomato and potato, respectively and had a mean longev ... | 2007 | 19090122 |
| development, survivorship and reproduction of eretmocerus sp. nr furuhashii (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) parasitizing bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on glabrous and non-glabrous host plants. | the developmental, survivorship and reproductive biology of eretmocerus sp. nr furuhashii rose & zolnerowich parasitizing bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b on tomato, cucumber, eggplant and collard at 26+/-0.5 degrees c was studied. the mean longevity ranged from 6.5 days on tomato to 8.1 days on collard. the mean lifetime fecundities on tomato, cucumber, eggplant and collard were 35.4, 37.3, 41.4 and 46.4 eggs, whereas the mean lifetime fertility was 20.2, 22.7, 28.3 and 33.6 offspring, resp ... | 2005 | 16048679 |
| structure-activity relationships of antimicrobial gallic acid derivatives from pomegranate and acacia fruit extracts against potato bacterial wilt pathogen. | bacterial wilts of potato, tomato, pepper, and or eggplant caused by ralstonia solanacearum are among the most serious plant diseases worldwide. in this study, the issue of developing bactericidal agents from natural sources against r. solanacearum derived from plant extracts was addressed. extracts prepared from 25 plant species with antiseptic relevance in egyptian folk medicine were screened for their antimicrobial properties against the potato pathogen r. solancearum by using the disc-zone i ... | 2015 | 26080741 |
| molecular diversity of turncurtoviruses in iran. | turnip curly top virus (tctv) is the only member of the newly established genus turncurtovirus (family geminiviridae). as part of an ongoing study to identify additional plant hosts and the diversity of turncurtoviruses, between 2012 and 2014, we sampled symptomatic turnip plants and other crops in the provinces fars and khorasan razavi (southern and northeastern iran, respectively). infection by turncurtoviruses was tested by pcr and/or rolling-circle amplification (rca) coupled with restrictio ... | 2016 | 26611911 |
| differential growth response of various crop species to arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation. | to investigate the growth response of various crop species to mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were applied to glycine max, vigna angularis, senna tora, hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon. zea mays, sorghum bicolor, allium tuberosum, solanum melongena, and capsicum annuum. the biomass of the inoculated crops was measured every two weeks for the 12-week growth period. by measuring biomass, we calculated the mycorrhizal responsiveness of the nine crop species. among the nine cro ... | 2009 | 23983512 |
| suppressive properties of extracts from japanese edible plants regarding nitric oxide generation. | acetone extracts from a total of 30 species (197 samples) of plants commonly eaten in japan were tested for their in vitro inhibitory properties against nitric oxide (no) generation in a murine macrophage cell line, raw 264.7, that had been stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in combination with interferon-g. evaluation of the effects of treatment with 100 mg/ml revealed that 6 extracts (3.1%) exerted a strong inhibitory effect (inhibition rate (ir) > or = 70%) with strong cell viability (cv> or ... | 2017 | 19537895 |
| radiation preservation of foods of plant origin. part vi. mushrooms, tomatoes, minor fruits and vegetables, dried fruits, and nuts. | in this concluding article in the series on the technological feasibility of ionizing radiation treatment for shelf life improvement of fruits and vegetables, the present status of research on several commodities that have not been dealt with earlier is discussed. the commodities include mushrooms, tomatoes, pineapples, lychees, longans, rambutans, mangostenes, guavas, sapotas, loquats, ber, soursops, passion fruits, persimmons, figs, melons, cucumbers, aubergines, globe artichokes, endives, let ... | 1988 | 3280249 |
| omega-3 and omega-6 content of medicinal foods for depressed patients: implications from the iranian traditional medicine. | considering the increasing prevalence of depression in modern societies and the positive effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on depression, this study aims to investigate the omega-3 and omega-6 content of various foodstuffs, prescribed or prohibited by iranian traditional medicine (itm). | 2014 | 25068136 |
| genome wide screening of rnai factors of sf21 cells reveal several novel pathway associated proteins. | rna interference (rnai) leads to sequence specific knock-down of gene expression and has emerged as an important tool to analyse gene functions, pathway analysis and gene therapy. although rnai is a conserved cellular process involving common elements and factors, species-specific differences have been observed among different eukaryotes. identification of components for rnai pathway is pursued intensively and successful genome-wide screens have been performed for components of rnai pathways in ... | 2014 | 25199785 |
| soil chemical property changes in eggplant/garlic relay intercropping systems under continuous cropping. | soil sickness is a critical problem for eggplant (solanum melongena l.) under continuous cropping that affects sustainable eggplant production. relay intercropping is a significant technique on promoting soil quality, improving eco-environment, and raising output. field experiments were conducted from september 2010 to november 2012 in northwest china to determine the effects of relay intercropping eggplant with garlic (allium sativum l.) on soil enzyme activities, available nutrient contents, a ... | 2014 | 25340875 |
| persian traditional medicine and ocular health. | the persian traditional medicine (ptm) system pays special attention to disease prevention. in ptm, physicians believe that overeating may cause accumulation of unhealthy substances in the body and diseases called "emtela." with respect to ocular health, foods can be categorized as beneficial and harmful. harmful foods such as beef, geese, eggplant, cauliflower, and cheese can cause reduced vision. dehydrating foods such as walnut and salty fish and hot foods such as garlic, onion, and pepper ca ... | 2015 | 27800504 |
| growth and physiological changes in continuously cropped eggplant (solanum melongena l.) upon relay intercropping with garlic (allium sativum l.). | relay intercropping represents an alternative for sustainable production of vegetables, but the changes of internally antioxidant defense combined with the growth and yield are not clear. field experiment was carried out to investigate the malondialdehyde (mda) content and activity levels of superoxide dismutase (sod), peroxidase (pod), polyphenol oxidase (ppo), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) in eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and plant height, stem diameter, maximal leaf area, and yield ... | 2015 | 25964788 |
| effect of brick kiln emissions on commonly used vegetables of kashmir valley. | to study the impact of brick kiln emissions on plant growth and productivity, a study was conducted on various biochemical parameters of three main vegetables brassica oleracea l., phaseolus vulgaris l., and solanum melongena l. cultivated in the vicinity of the brick kiln area of the panzan village of district budgam (j&k). plants in the vicinity of brick kilns are direct recipients of emissions and therefore important materials for assessing potential effects of kiln pollutants. the biochemica ... | 2015 | 26788302 |
| acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated co(2) in five c(3) species. | the effect of long-term (weeks to months) co(2) enhancement on (a) the gas-exchange characteristics, (b) the content and activation state of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco), and (c) leaf nitrogen, chlorophyll, and dry weight per area were studied in five c(3) species (chenopodium album, phaseolus vulgaris, solanum tuberosum, solanum melongena, and brassica oleracea) grown at co(2) partial pressures of 300 or 900 to 1000 microbars. long-term exposure to elevated co(2) affected the ... | 1989 | 16666587 |
| nutrient-rich versus nutrient-poor foods for depressed patients based on iranian traditional medicine resources. | considering the positive effects of certain nutrients on depression, increasingly prevalent in the contemporary societies, we investigated the nutritional content of prescribed and prohibited foodstuffs for depressed patients in iranian traditional medicine resources. | 2017 | 26445711 |
| synthesis of theaflavin from epicatechin and epigallocatechin by plant homogenates and role of epicatechin quinone in the synthesis and degradation of theaflavin. | oxidation products of (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin by treatment with homogenates of 62 plants belonging to 49 families were compared. forty-six plants were capable of synthesizing theaflavin, a black tea pigment, regardless of whether they contained catechins. loquat, japanese pear, and blueberry had activities higher than that of fresh tea leaves after 5 h of treatment; furthermore, these plants oxidized theaflavin to theanaphthoquinone. an additional new metabolite, dehydrotheasine ... | 2002 | 11902970 |
| androgenesis in solanaceae. | the solanaceae is one of the most important families for global agriculture. among the different solanaceous species, tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), potato (solanum tuberosum), tomato (solanum lycopersicum), eggplant (solanum melongena), and pepper (capsicum annuum) are five crops of outstanding importance worldwide. in these crops, maximum yields are produced by hybrid plants created by crossing pure (homozygous) lines with the desired traits. pure lines may be produced by conventional breeding m ... | 2016 | 26619864 |
| accumulation of heavy metals in edible parts of vegetables irrigated with waste water and their daily intake to adults and children, district mardan, pakistan. | green vegetable crops irrigated with wastewater are highly contaminated with heavy metals and are the main source of human exposure to the contaminants. in this study accumulation of eight heavy metals (cu, ni, zn, cr, fe, mn, co and pb) in green vegetables like allium cepa, allium sativum, solanum lycopersicum and solanum melongena, irrigated with wastewater in mardan are studied using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. the studied metals in vegetable grown on wastewater irrigated soil were s ... | 2013 | 23194556 |
| unequivocal enantiomeric identification and analysis of 10 chiral pesticides in fruit and vegetables by quechers method combined with liquid chromatography-quadruple/linear ion trap mass spectrometry determination. | in this research, 10 chiral pesticides in fruits and vegetables were simultaneously determined using chiral liquid chromatography triple quadrupole-linear ion trap hybrid mass spectrometry (lc-qqlit). the quechers method was applied for sample preparation, and an enhanced product ion (epi) scan was used to acquire tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) spectra for the library search. parameters including limit of detection (lod), limit of quantification (loq), linearity, relative standard deviation (r ... | 2015 | 26392120 |
| trapping whiteflies? a comparison of greenhouse whitefly (trialeurodes vaporariorum) responses to trap crops and yellow sticky traps. | greenhouse whiteflies, trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood), are notorious pests that, through the reduction of crop yields and excretion of honeydew, cause significant economic losses for sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) growers. chemical and biological controls are the two most common forms of whitefly management in greenhouses. consequently, insecticide resistance and inadequate control have rejuvenated interest in alternative tactics. in the present study, whitefly responses to trap crops ( ... | 2011 | 21394873 |
| agricultural reuse of reclaimed water and uptake of organic compounds: pilot study at mutah university wastewater treatment plant, jordan. | the residues of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), chlorinated benzenes (cbs) and phenols were investigated for soil, wastewater, groundwater and plants. the uptake concentration of these compounds was comparatively determined using various plant types: zea mays l., helianthus annus l., capsicum annum l., abelmoschus esculentus l., solanum melongena l. and lycopersicon esculentum l. which were grown in a pilot site established at mutah university wastewat ... | 2008 | 18471853 |
| pathogenicity of phytophthora infestans on solanaceous and asteraceous plant species in cameroon. | experiments were conducted to detect potential hosts of phytophthora infestans, causal agent of potato late blight. isolates of p. infestans recovered from garden huckleberry (solanum scabrum), potato (s. tuberosum) and tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) were inoculated on detached leaves of 12 solanaceous and 14 asteraceous plant species collected in and around potato fields in the western highlands of cameroon. the inoculated leaves were maintained in petri dishes in the laboratory for 7 days at ... | 2003 | 15151295 |
| the oomycete broad-host-range pathogen phytophthora capsici. | phytophthora capsici is a highly dynamic and destructive pathogen of vegetables. it attacks all cucurbits, pepper, tomato and eggplant, and, more recently, snap and lima beans. the disease incidence and severity have increased significantly in recent decades and the molecular resources to study this pathogen are growing and now include a reference genome. at the population level, the epidemiology varies according to the geographical location, with populations in south america dominated by clonal ... | 2012 | 22013895 |