| physiological and pathobiological significance of ocular glycoproteins. i. studies using fluorescein labelled glycine max. | cell surface carbohydrates play an important role in several biological, immunological, and neoplastic phenomena including development, growth regulation, cellular locomotion, receptor activation, and tumour metastasis. fluorescein labelled lectins which bind to specific carbohydrate residues in glycoproteins and glycolipids are being increasingly used as chemical probes to study cell components. several different preparations of ocular tissues from human, rabbit, and rat were examined for the d ... | 1985 | 4038883 |
| protein degradation in rumen and amino acid absorption in small intestine of lactating dairy cattle fed heat-treated whole soybeans. | four lactating holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulae and t-type cannulae in proximal duodenum and terminal ileum were used to measure protein degradation in the rumen and amino acid flow and absorption in the small intestine. soybean meal, whole soybeans, and whole soybeans extruded at 132 and 149 degrees c provided 50% of the protein in diets that contained 51% grain, 36% corn silage, and 13% alfalfa hay (dry matter). spot samples of digesta were collected from duodenum and ileum during 96 h ... | 1985 | 4038985 |
| protection against dimethylhydrazine-induced adenomatous tumors of the mouse colon by the dietary addition of an extract of soybeans containing the bowman-birk protease inhibitor. | dimethylhydrazine (dmh) induces adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum in rodents; this animal cancer model system is thought to closely resemble human colorectal cancer. an extract of soybeans containing the bowman-birk protease inhibitor added to the diet of dmh-treated mice resulted in a significant suppression of adenomatous tumors of the colonic mucosa. non-treated mice maintained on the same diet for most of their natural life-span (1.5 years) showed no observable health problems. | 1985 | 4040444 |
| effect of phytate on aflatoxin formation by aspergillus parasiticus grown on different grains. | aflatoxin production by aspergillus parasiticus on corn, soybean, and cottonseed in the absence or presence of added sodium phytate was examined. no variation in aflatoxin concentrations was found in raw, chemically sterilized, or autoclaved soybeans whereas a five-fold reduction in total aflatoxins was found in cottonseed after addition of 330 micrograms sodium phytate to 10 g of autoclaved material. however, phytate did not affect aflatoxin production on non-sterile cottonseeds, although in co ... | 1985 | 4069189 |
| aflatoxin production in some varieties of soybeans (glycine max l.). | | 1973 | 4202363 |
| [characterization of a trypsin-like proteinase (acrosin) from boar spermatozoa by inhibition with different protein proteinase inhibitors, ii. inhibitors from leeches, soybeans, peanuts, bovine colostrum and sea anemones]. | | 1972 | 4403328 |
| effect of some pelleting agents and sodium humate as spray on dry matter yield and nutrient uptake of soybean (glycine max l. cv bragg) in a saline-sodic soil. | | 1974 | 4480492 |
| unidentified factor activities in whole soybeans required for optimum growth of coturnix quail. | | 1972 | 4563004 |
| biological and physiological factors in soybeans. | | 1974 | 4592393 |
| occurrence of aflatoxins and aflatoxin-producing strains of aspergillus spp. in soybeans. | above average rainfall in maryland during august, september, and october 1971 resulted in heavy mold growth in soybeans while still in the field. of 28 samples of soybean seed, aflatoxins were found in 14, 2 of which had been used in poultry feed. aflatoxins were identified by thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry, and chicken embryo bioassay. aspergillus spp. were isolated from 11 samples, and 5 of these isolates produced aflatoxins when grown in liquid culture. | 1972 | 4673021 |
| isolation and characterization of bacteriophage sbx-1 and its bacterial host, both endemic in soybeans. | a phage, sbx-1, and its bacterial host, xanthomonas sp. 1, were isolated consistently from roots, internal portions of stems, and leaves of soybean plants. phage titer in leaves was highly variable. it was very low in seedlings, reached a maximum of 10(4) pfu/ml of sap after 11 weeks of plant growth and again dropped to very low levels. we isolated sbx-1 from plants of all 45 varieties studied, but not consistently from some. plants of some varieties also carried xanthomonas sp. 2, which was res ... | 1973 | 4737642 |
| contribution of trypsin inhibitors to the deleterious effects of unheated soybeans fed to rats. | | 1973 | 4796250 |
| comparisons of nitrogen fixation estimates in soybeans by nodule weight, leghemoglobin content, and acetylene reduction. | | 1973 | 4796348 |
| somatic crossing over in glycine max (l.) merrill: mutagenicity of sodium azide and lack of synergistic effect with caffeine and mitomycin c. | glycine max (soybean) is one angiosperm which lends itself to the study of somatic crossing over. this is made possible because some varieties have gene combinations y(11)y(11), y(11)y(11) and y(11)y(11) in the segregating populations from y(11)y(11) plants. the gene in question is responsible for chlorophyll synthesis. the y(11)y(11) plants have dark green leaves, y(11)y(11) are light green and y(11)y(11) plants are golden yellow. the heterozygous plants have dark green, yellow and dark green-y ... | 1973 | 4797661 |
| fatty acid composition of chicks fed full-fat soybeans. | | 1974 | 4858374 |
| trypsin inhibitor content in some varieties of soya bean (glycine max l.) and sunflower seeds (helianthus annuus l.). | | 1974 | 4859576 |
| biochemical and nutritional assessment of different varieties of soybeans. | | 1972 | 5062148 |
| mellein and 4-hydroxymellein production by aspergillus ochraceus wilhelm. | mellein and 4-hydroxymellein are isocoumarin compounds produced by aspergillus ochraceus wilhelm. they are structurally similar to the dihydroisocoumarin moiety of ochratoxin a, a toxic metabolite of the same fungus, and they possibly have similar biological properties. production of mellein and 4-hydroxymellein on synthetic media and natural solid substrates was determined. several carbon and nitrogen sources supported production of these metabolites in stationary culture. additional zinc and m ... | 1972 | 5064985 |
| effect of cooked soybeans on performance, fatty acid composition and pork carcass characteristics. | | 1971 | 5106333 |
| the utilization of unextracted raw and extruded full-fat soybeans by the chick. | | 1971 | 5106715 |
| pelleting of soybean (glycine max) seeds with activated charcoal and humus. | | 1971 | 5108332 |
| effect of feeding soybeans of formaldehyde-treated soybeans on lipid metabolism in ruminants. | | 1971 | 5167272 |
| effect of azotobacter chroococcum and tryptophan on the inoculation of soybean (glycine max (l.) merril) with rhizobium japonicum. | | 1969 | 5271557 |
| raw soybeans and cystine metabolism. | | 1965 | 5321077 |
| ddt residues in tobacco and soybeans grown in soil treated with ddt. | | 1969 | 5387693 |
| the use of raw and extruded soybeans in layer diets. | | 1969 | 5387889 |
| effect of raw soybeans on levels of protein and nucleic acids in the rat pancreas. | | 1969 | 5389757 |
| separation of a mouse growth inhibitor in soybeans from trypsin inhibitors. | | 1970 | 5466150 |
| purification and some properties of a non-haem iron protein from the bacteroids of soya-bean (glycine max merr) nodules. | a non-haem iron protein was isolated from an extract of soya-bean nodule bacteroids by a procedure including protamine sulphate and heat precipitation followed by chromatography on deae-cellulose. the purified protein contains non-haem iron and acid-labile sulphur and exhibits a spectrum with a rather broad absorption shoulder in the region 380-440nm and a more prominent peak at 280nm. from sedimentation-velocity measurements an apparent s(20,w) value of 1.3s was calculated. the protein function ... | 1970 | 5529239 |
| nutritional value of soybeans in the diet of depancreatized chickens. | | 1970 | 5530321 |
| correlation analysis of criteria of symbiotic nitrogen. fixation by soybeans (glycine max merr.). | | 1970 | 5535969 |
| effect of raw and heated soybeans on gain, nutrient digestibility, plasma amino acids and other blood constituents of growing swine. | | 1967 | 5624670 |
| biochemical changes in the pancreases of chicks fed raw soybeans and soybean meal. | | 1967 | 5625405 |
| trypsin inhibition, hemagglutination, and intraperitoneal toxicity in extracts of phaseolus vulgaris and glycine max. | | 1966 | 5949799 |
| effect of soybean meal, raw soybeans, corn gluten feed, and urea on the concentration of rumen fluid components at intervals after feeding. | | 1967 | 6069995 |
| [catalytic concentration, multiple forms, and lectin affinity of microsomal enzymes from human tissues: lectins as reagents, ii (author's transl)]. | we estimated the concentrations, multiple forms, and lectin binding of five microsomal enzymes in particle free extracts from human kidney, pancreas, jejunal mucosa, and normal and cancerous liver. while arylesterase markedly reacted only with concanavalin a, arylamidase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and cholinesterase were intensely precipitated by lectins from ricinus communis 120, canavalia ensiformis, triticum vulgare and phaseolus vulgaris s. agglutinins from glycine max ... | 1981 | 6120206 |
| purification and characterization of mrna from soybean seeds. identification of glycinin and beta-conglycinin precursors. | poly(a)-rich rna was isolated from developing soybean seeds (glycine max (l.) merr.) and fractionated on linear log sucrose gradients. two major fractions sedimenting at 18 s and 20 s were separated and then purified by further sucrose gradient fractionation. both fractions were active as messengers when added to a rabbit reticulocyte lysate protein synthesis system. the 18 s fraction caused proteins migrating primarily to the 60,000-dalton region of a sodium dodecyl sulfate gel to be produced, ... | 1981 | 6167584 |
| evaluation of active versus passive uptake of metabolites by rhizobium japonicum bacteroids. | rhizobium japonicum bacteroids were isolated anaerobically from soybean [glycine max (l.) merr] nodules. the bacteroids, which were capable of acetylene reduction and respiration, were used to study the uptake of metabolites by a method which permits correction for nonspecific adsorption of metabolites and estimation of total cell volume. these determinations permit active uptake to be assessed from metabolite accumulation against a concentration gradient. succinate, malate, alpha-ketoglutarate, ... | 1984 | 6203891 |
| purification and properties of protease f, a bacterial enzyme with chymotrypsin and elastase specificities. | it has been previously demonstrated that commercial bacterial fibrinolysin (ec 3.4.21.7) selectively cleaves the bond between met-53 and ala-54 in ovine prolactin (199 amino acids). a one-step purification procedure on deae-cellulose for protease f, which is the active component of bacterial fibrinolysin, and properties of the purified enzyme are reported. the enzyme is homogeneous as judged by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. its molecular weight, calculated from gel filtration experiments on se ... | 1983 | 6226244 |
| organization and expression of leghaemoglobin genes. | leghaemoglobin genes in soybean (glycine max) are present as a moderately reiterated family of sequences. since there are identical restriction site patterns of these sequences in dna isolated from leaf, root, or nodule tissue, the data suggest that no major changes in the organization or methylation of leghaemoglobin genes occur during their induction. cloned soybean leghaemoglobin-cdna cross hybridized with rna from root nodules of kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris), and to a lesser extent, of p ... | 1982 | 6282418 |
| interspecific plasmid and genomic dna sequence homologies and localization of nif genes in effective and ineffective strains of rhizobium japonicum. | three strains of rhizobium japonicum were examined for the presence of interspecific conserved plasmid-borne dna sequences and the location of their nif dna sequences. strains 61a76 and 110, which both form effective (nitrogen fixing) nodules on soybeans show very low (24%) total dna sequence homology with each other; strain 61a76 contains one plasmid, and strain 110 contains no identifiable plasmids. strain 61a24 which forms ineffective nodules on soybeans shows relatively high (50%) sequence h ... | 1981 | 6286824 |
| isolation and expression of rhizobium japonicum cloned dna encoding an early soybean nodulation function. | a first visible step in the nodulation of legumes by rhizobium spp. is the deformation and curling of root hairs. we have identified and cloned dna sequences encoding this function from two strains of rhizobium japonicum (usda 122 and usda 110) with a weakly homologous probe from rhizobium meliloti. root hair curling encoded by the cloned dna fragments was examined on soybeans (glycine soja ) after conjugative transfer of these sequences in broad-host-range vectors to various bacterial genera. p ... | 1984 | 6327649 |
| characterization of the binding of the tc-83 strain of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus to bw-j-m, a mouse macrophage-like cell line. | the first step in virus replication is attachment of the virus to the host cell surface. to investigate this process, the binding of tc-83 (the attenuated strain of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus) to bw-j-m (a macrophage-like murine cell culture line) has been characterized. the binding of radiolabelled virus can be blocked by excess unlabelled virus and has a ph optimum in the physiological range. binding is saturable; analysis using scatchard plots or the computerized binding data a ... | 1983 | 6337232 |
| pancreatic proteinases from man, trout, rat, pig, cow, chicken, mink and fox. enzyme activities and inhibition by soybean and lima bean proteinase inhibitors. | 1. the specific activities of the trypsins and chymotrypsins, measured with synthetic substrates, varied within one order of magnitude. 2. the trout trypsin and chymotrypsin were 5-15 times as efficient in hydrolyzing casein as the remaining animals. 3. the inhibition of total caseinolytic activity in extracts of pancreatic tissue by sbti and inhibitors in crude extracts of raw soybeans varied ten-fold. 4. the animals may be ranked as follows according to the sensitivity of the caseinolytic acti ... | 1983 | 6340948 |
| protease inhibitors: possible anticarcinogens in edible seeds. | protease inhibitors, which are common constituents of seeds (rice, beans, and maize) have been shown to inhibit breast, colon, and skin cancers in animal experiments. epidemiological studies have shown that diets rich in these components (ie seed proteins) decrease the occurrence of prostatic, breast, and colon cancers in man. we have demonstrated that a typical purified inhibitor from soybeans, the bowman-birk inhibitor, is excreted in the feces complexed with digestive proteases from the duode ... | 1983 | 6346296 |
| lectin receptors as markers of lymphoid cells. i. demonstration in tissue section by peroxidase technique. | the distribution of lectin binding receptors in human lymphoid tissue (lymph node and tonsil) was studied in an effort to identify lectins with potential application as cell markers. using a simple peroxidase technique applicable to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue, the binding properties of five lectins were investigated: concanavalin a (con a), arachis hypogaea (peanut agglutinin), lotus tetragonolobus (asparagus pea), glycine max (soybean agglutinin) and bandeiraea simplicifolia. thre ... | 1984 | 6380299 |
| comparison of in vitro and in vivo measurements of dietary ca exchangeability and bioavailability. | an in vitro method for measuring dietary mineral exchangeability (miscibility with an extrinsic isotopic tracer) was tested by comparison with in vivo measurements in rats. collards, spinach and soybeans, intrinsically labeled with 45ca, were fed to rats together with extrinsically added 47ca. absorption of both tracers was determined by measuring their concentrations in the femur 2 days after consumption of the labeled test meals. the same intrinsically and extrinsically labeled foods were dige ... | 1983 | 6401805 |
| [inhibitory effect of lectins extracted from arachis hypogea and soybeans on germ cell migration in the embryo of xenopus laevis (amphibia, anura)]. | effect of injection of arachis hypogea (pna) and soybean (sba) lectins on the migration of xenopus primordial germ cells (pgcs) were investigated. pna inhibited almost entirely the pgcs migration, more than sba. our results indicated that the inhibition of the migration could be a consequence of the lectin-induced alterations of cell surface properties. | 1983 | 6412978 |
| gossypol in cottonseed products: toxicology and inactivation. | the little attention given to the potential of cottonseeds as food for monogastric animals and man is due to the presence of toxic principles in them, especially gossypol. the injury to livestock associated with ingestion of cottonseeds results from the unfavorable physiological effect of gossypol per se, as well as from its adverse effects on the protein nutritive value of the food (mainly by rendering lysine metabolically unavailable). various approaches have been employed to overcome these pr ... | 1983 | 6414436 |
| differentiation of bacillus anthracis and other bacillus species by lectins. | bacillus anthracis was agglutinated by several lectins, including those from griffonia simplicifolia, glycine max, abrus precatorius, and ricinus communis. some strains of bacillus cereus var. mycoides (b. mycoides) were strongly reactive with the lectin from helix pomatia and weakly reactive with the g. max lectin. the differential interactions between bacillus species and lectins afforded a means of distinguishing b. anthracis from other bacilli. b. cereus strains exhibited heterogeneity with ... | 1984 | 6418761 |
| radiolabeled iron in soybeans: intrinsic labeling and bioavailability of iron to rats from defatted flour. | soybeans can be efficiently labeled with radiolabeled iron by supplying the iron via a nutrient culture medium as an iron salt or as a chelate. by using dual labeled iron and edta, it was determined that none of the chelator was transported to the shoots with the iron. therefore, the use of chelated iron as the iron source in the nutrient medium should not affect assessments of bioavailability of iron from plants. bioavailability (determined from whole-body retention curves of 59fe in rats) of i ... | 1984 | 6427432 |
| a possible mechanism for the cellular coaggregation between actinomyces viscosus atcc 19246 and streptococcus sanguis atcc 10557. | the cells of actinomyces viscosus atcc 19246 (av19246) and streptococcus sanguis atcc 10557 (ss10557) coaggregated immediately after mixing in 40 mm-tris/hcl buffer. optimal conditions were ph 7.5 in the presence of ca2+ at 0.1 mm or higher. na2 edta and its analogues, na2mgedta and na2mnedta at 7.5 mm inhibited the coaggregation. trypsin and heat treatment impaired the reactive site on av19246 cells, but not on ss10557 cells. the coaggregates, once formed, dissociated gradually during extended ... | 1984 | 6481336 |
| phytoalexin synthesis in soybean cells: elicitor induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase mrnas and correlation with phytoalexin accumulation. | a glucan elicitor from cell walls of the fungus phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea, a pathogen of soybean (glycine max), induced large and rapid increases in the activities of enzymes of general phenylpropanoid metabolism, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and of the flavonoid pathway, acetyl-coa carboxylase and chalcone synthase, in suspension-cultured soybean cells. the changes in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase activities were correlated with corresponding changes in the mrn ... | 1984 | 6540068 |
| studies on the inhibition of pancreatic and microbial lipases by soybean proteins. | a protein, molecular weight 70,000 that inhibits pancreatic lipase has been isolated from soybean seeds. inhibition is not reversed by colipase unless bile salts are added to the assay system. inhibitory properties of the purified protein are very similar to those of serum albumin or alpha-lactoglobulin. it has been confirmed that, during intestinal lipolysis of dietary fats, bile salts play an essential role for the activation of the lipase-colipase system in the presence of inhibitory proteins ... | 1984 | 6542933 |
| [genetic improvement of grain legumes of importance to latin american diet and the soy bean]. | common beans and soybeans can be considered as the most important food legumes in the latin american nutritional context, each of them presenting specific problems. the production of common beans has not increased in the last decade, and insects and diseases attacks are menacing it. on the other hand, soybeans have shown a tremendous increase in production, becoming rapidly an important export cash crop. however, its use in human consumption is quite restricted, in spite of the efforts of some c ... | 1984 | 6543422 |
| the use of blends of cassava flour and extruded full-fat soybeans in diets for broiler chickens. | a study was conducted to determine the effects of blending different levels of a low-prussic acid cassava flour with extruded full-fat soybeans in diets for growing broiler chickens. the full-fat soybeans contribute oil which increases the energy content of the diet, aids in overcoming the dusty nature of cassava, and provide high-quality protein. one-third, two-thirds, and all of the maize was replaced by cassava in diets with none, 12.5 and 25% extruded full-fat soybeans. diets were fed in pel ... | 1984 | 6544063 |
| flow cytometric analysis of the binding of eleven lectins to human t- and b-cells and to human t- and b-cell lines. | the relative surface binding of 11 lectins to human peripheral blood t- and b-lymphocytes, to molt-4 and jm t-cell lines, and to 6410 and nc37 b-cell lines was determined by flow cytometry. the lectins from lens culinaris (lca), ricinus communis (rca), arachis hypogaea (pna), abrus precatorius (apa), ulex europaeus (uea-f), sarothamnus scoparius (sas-f), helix pomatia (hpa), phaseolus coccineus (l-pha), glycine max (sba), and triticum vulgare (wga) were fluoresceinated and incubated with living, ... | 1984 | 6609053 |
| a survey of the nutritional and haemagglutination properties of legume seeds generally available in the uk. | eighty-five samples from fifteen different legume seed lines generally available in the uk were examined by measurements of their net protein utilization by rats and by haemagglutination tests with erythrocytes from a number of different animal species. from these results the seeds were classified into four broad groups. group a seeds from most varieties of kidney (phaseolus vulgaris), runner (phaseolus coccineus) and tepary (phaseolus acutifolius) beans showed high reactivity with all cell type ... | 1983 | 6615758 |
| intracellular occurrence of cowpea mild mottle virus in two unrelated plant species. | the filamentous particles of cowpea mild mottle virus (cmmv) were detected only in the cytoplasm of palisade, mesophyll, parenchyma and epidermal cells of glycine max (papilionaceae) and nicotiana clevelandii (solanaceae). they were aggregated to form either sheets or bundles or, more frequently, brush-like inclusions. although cmmv was initially considered to be a possible member of the carlavirus group, it differs from aphid-borne carlaviruses in its intracellular occurrence and transmission b ... | 1983 | 6629699 |
| elements in major raw agricultural crops in the united states. 1. cadmium and lead in lettuce, peanuts, potatoes, soybeans, sweet corn, and wheat. | | 1983 | 6655141 |
| trypsin inhibitor effects on food intake and weight gain in zucker rats. | decreased body weight and increased pancreas weight which occur in rats fed raw soybeans are thought to be due to the presence of trypsin inhibitors in the soybeans (sbti). since trypsin is postulated to be a negative feedback signal for cholecystokinin (cck) secretion, sbti may have these effects by increasing secretion of cck. cck is a putative satiety signal; thus, increased secretion of cck could decrease food intake, and, if maintained over a period of time, body weight. in these experiment ... | 1983 | 6657770 |
| bowman-birk soybean protease inhibitor as an anticarcinogen. | vegetarian populations show a decreased occurrence of breast, colon, and prostatic cancers. epidemiological studies have identified seeds (maize, corn, and beans) as protective agents in these cancers. we have selected to study one abundant component of all seeds, protease inhibitors. synthetic and natural protease inhibitors have been shown to inhibit tumor promotion in vivo and in vitro. in the present study, we report that a typical, natural protease inhibitor, the bowman-birk inhibitor isola ... | 1983 | 6682011 |
| labeling of soybeans with the stable isotope 70zn for use in human metabolic studies. | radiozinc (65zn) was used to assess the efficiency of incorporation of the label into soybean seeds by means of a noncycling hydroponic system. it was found that 21.3 and 27.6% of the applied dose was incorporated into the mature seeds when the tracer was applied during vegetative or flowering stages of growth cycle, respectively. the latter method was adapted to labeling with the stable isotope 70zn, and quantitative incorporation of this isotope was investigated within and among hydroponic cul ... | 1983 | 6682436 |
| iron absorption from legumes in humans. | iron bioavailability in a variety of legumes was determined by radioisotopic measurements of iron absorption in human subjects. soybeans, black beans, lentils, mung beans, and split peas were prepared as soups, labeled by the extrinsic tag method, and served to fasting subjects. mean percentage absorption was uniformly low, ranging from 0.84 to 1.91%. differences in absorption between the means were not statistically significant. the results indicate that these five commonly eaten legumes are al ... | 1984 | 6741854 |
| a new mitogenic d-galactosephilic lectin isolated from seeds of the coral-tree erythrina corallodendron. comparison with glycine max (soybean) and pseudomonas aeruginosa lectins. | the lectin of erythrina corallodendron (caesalpiniaceae) seeds was purified by heating, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and affinity chromatography on acid-treated sepharose. the purified lectin is similar to the soybean lectin in being a glycoprotein of molecular weight around 110 000 - 120 000 and having d-galactosephilic activity. this lectin, like the soybean and pseudomonas aeruginosa lectins, binds to d-galactosamine, n-acetyl-d-galactosamine, alpha- and beta-galactosides as well as to d-g ... | 1981 | 6790142 |
| the effects of bivalent cations on ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. | the half-saturation constants for binding of the bivalent cations (mg2+, ni2+, co2+, fe2+ and mn2+) to ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from glycine max and rhodospirillum rubrum were measured. the values obtained were dependent on the enzyme and the cation present, but were the same for both oxygenase and carboxylase activities. ribulose bisphosphate rather than its cation complex was the true substrate. the kinetic parameters vmax.(co2), vmax.(o2), km(co2), km(o2), and k1(o2) were d ... | 1981 | 6796054 |
| specificities of antisera directed against soybean lipoxygenases-1 and -2 and purification of lipoxygenase-2 by affinity chromatography. | antiserum directed against lipoxygenase-1 from soybean (glycine max (l). merr. var. williams) was developed in rabbits with electrophoretically pure lipoxygenase-1 as an antigen. to remove traces of lipoxygenase-1 from a lipoxygenase-2 preparation the latter was chromatographed over a column of sepharose 4b to which antibodies directed against lipoxygenase-1 were coupled. during affinity chromatography of lipoxygenase-2 no protein and only a small amount of activity were lost. affinity-purified ... | 1982 | 6816287 |
| lectins as markers of human epidermal cell differentiation. | the expression of sugar residues on human epidermal cells was investigated by means of lectin binding, as a way of determining membrane structural changes occurring during the differentiation of the epidermis. fourteen lectins of different sugar specificity were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc-lectins) and tested in fluorescence microscopy on frozen sections of normal human epidermis. in parallel, fitc-lectins were tested on psoriatic-involved epidermis to visualize differences ... | 1982 | 6816653 |
| protein quality and oil digestibility of lupinus mutabilis: metabolic studies in children. | the nutritional quality of lupins (lupinus mutabilis) for infants and children was evaluated in two sets of balance studies. in the first the digestibility and protein quality of diets based on lupin flour, with and without methionine supplementation, were compared with those of a control diet consisting of casein, sucrose and vegetable oil. apparent nitrogen absorption from lupin flour (81.8 and 84.3% of intake) was slightly but significantly less than that during casein control periods (87.2 a ... | 1983 | 6834148 |
| a soybean lectin having 4-o-methyl-d-glucuronic acid specificity. | evidence is presented for the presence of a new lectin activity in soybean seeds [glycine max (l.) merrill] that has specificity towards the 4-o-methyl-d-glucurono-l-rhamnan exopolysaccharide produced by certain strains of rhizobium japonicum. bacterial agglutination and precipitin reactions revealed the lectin activity in phosphate-buffered saline extracts of seeds of all cultivars tested, including the "lectinless" varieties. reaction of such extracts with carbohydrate haptens demonstrated tha ... | 1983 | 6838587 |
| mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and reproductive effects of dibromochloropropane (dbcp). | dibromochloropropane (dbcp), a brominated organochlorine nematocide, has been used since the mid-1950s. its primary value was its effectiveness on perennial crops without damaging the plants. dbcp also had less acute toxicity than earlier soil fumigants such as ethylene dibromide. dbcp became widely used on citrus, grapes, peaches, pineapple, soybeans and tomatoes. in central america and israel, banana trees were treated with dbcp. by 1975, 25 million pounds were being produced in the u.s. per y ... | 1983 | 6888412 |
| soybeans vs. textured soy proteins as meat extenders. cooking losses, palatability, and thiamin content of freshly cooked and frozen meat loaves. | the effects of replacing 30 percent of the ground beef in meat loaves with boiled ground soybeans or textured soy protein (tsp) were studied. the substitutions were equally effective in increasing yields of freshly cooked, raw frozen and cooked, and cooked, frozen, and reheated meat loaves. scores for several palatability characteristics, including general desirability, were higher for meat loaves containing soybeans than for loaves containing tsp. the mixtures and loaves contained similar amoun ... | 1982 | 6889616 |
| soybean (glycine max [l.] merrill) as a short-term assay for study of environmental mutagens. a report of the u.s. environmental protection agency gene-tox program. | the soybean (glycine max [l.] merrill) spot test is suggested as a preliminary screening test for environmental mutagens. this system makes use of various types of spots that originate from the treatment of seeds or seedlings with mutagens. the homozygous dominant y11y11 dark green leaves may show light green and very dark green spots; the heterozygous y11y11 light green leaves may show dark green, yellow or twin spots; and the homozygous recessive y11y11 yellow leaves show light green receptors ... | 1982 | 6891026 |
| zinc absorption from composite meals. ii. influence of the main protein source. | the absorption of zinc in man from composite meals of conventional foods with various main protein sources was measured with a radionuclide technique. the meals were extrinsically labeled with 65zn and the absorption of zinc was determined from a measurement of the whole-body retention of the isotope about 2 weeks after ingestion of the labeled meal. the meals consisted of a meat patty made from either chicken, beef, or soybeans, and included potatoes, tomatoes, and white bread. for meals based ... | 1980 | 6893252 |
| lymphocyte cell surface glycoproteins which bind to soybean and peanut lectins. | in cellular immunology, peanut (arachis hypogaea) lectin has been used to selectively agglutinate immature lymphoid cells and soybean (glycine max-lectin to agglutinate b lymphocytes. we have used affinity chromatography to study the surface glycoproteins of rat and mouse lymphoid cells which bind to these lectins. thymocyte and t and b lymphocyte glycoproteins were analysed either without modification (native) or after the removal of sialic acid with neuraminidase (asialo). the only native glyc ... | 1982 | 6980823 |
| the role of lectins in blood group serology. | many lectins display blood group activity, and extracts from dolichos biflorus (anti-a1), ulex europaeus (anti-h), and vicia graminea (anti-n) seeds provide an alternative to human sera as a source of blood-typing reagents. however, the major application of lectins in blood group serology undoubtedly lies in the recognition and elucidation of red celll polyagglutination. in this respect, lectins from arachis hypogaea (anti-t/tk), salvia sclarea (anti-tn). salvia horminum (anti-tn + cad). dolicho ... | 1980 | 6998652 |
| mutagenicity of municipal water obtained from an agricultural area. | we have studied the mutagenicity of the water from lake bloomington and of the tap water that is made from the lake water. the lake, which is the source of drinking water for bloomington, illinois (pop. 44,000), is surrounded by land that is farmed intensively--being mainly in maize and soybeans. samples were collected monthly from may through october 1979 and concentrated 3,000x with xad-2 resin. nearly all of the lake and tap water concentrates were mutagenic in salmonella typhimurium ta98 and ... | 1981 | 7026225 |
| clotting and other plasma factors in experimental endotoxemia: inhibition of degradation by exogenous proteinase inhibitors. | endotoxemia in dogs was induced by a slow intravenous infusion of e. coli endotoxin for 2 h. thereby, a significant decrease was observed in the plasma levels of several clotting, fibrinolysis and complement factors. the changes were studied over an experimental period of 14 h and checked for statistical significance by three-way analysis of variance. application of the broad-spectrum proteinase inhibitor aprotinin (trasylol) from bovine organs clearly lowered the endotoxin-induced decline of th ... | 1981 | 7028486 |
| the effects of soybean trypsin inhibitors on the pancreas of animals and man: a review. | human trypsin is more resistant to inhibition than is the trypsin of other mammalian species. the effect on human trypsin of soybean trypsin inhibition in soy protein does not appear to be a potential hazard to man. therefore, the elimination of sti does not seem to be necessary for humans. in animal diets, however, pancreatic toxicity must be considered whenever soybean protein is utilized. soybeans should be treated to increase their nutritional benefits and decrease any animal health risks (2 ... | 1982 | 7036513 |
| biosynthetic control of the natural abundance of carbon 13 at specific positions within fatty acids in saccharomyces cerevisiae. isotopic fractionation in lipid synthesis as evidence for peroxisomal regulation. | measurements of the natural abundance of 13c at c-1, c-9, and c-10 in fatty acids synthesized by saccharomyces cerevisiae grown aerobically at 30 degrees c show that alkyl chain positions derived from the carboxyl group of the acetate precursor must be enriched in 13c by 2.5 +/- 0.6 parts per thousand while those derived from the methyl group in acetate must be depleted in 13c by an equal amount. selective depletions of 13c observed at the c-9 and c-10 positions of palmitoleate and oleate requir ... | 1982 | 7040368 |
| use of lectins for detection of glycoconjugates in the glandular cells of the human bronchial mucosa. | paraffin-embedded human bronchial biopsies, obtained in macroscopically healthy areas, were examined using nine peroxidase-bound lectins. these were either isolated or purified by affinity column chromatography (ulex europeus, triticum vulgare, glycine max, and arachis hypogatea lectins) or commercial preparations (lotus tetragonolobus, canavalia ensiformis, helix pomatia, phaseolus vulgaris, and lens culinaris lectins) and conjugated to peroxidase (except for concanavalin a). these labeled lect ... | 1982 | 7130674 |
| [effect of protease inhibitors on influenza virus reproduction]. | natural inhibitors of proteases have been shown to inhibit plaque production by influenza virus. investigation of the fate of viral intracellular proteins revealed the inhibiting effect of these inhibitors on their posttranslation cutting. it is assumed, therefore, that the antiviral effect of the preparation under study is associated with inhibition of viral proteins cutting, in particular, of hemagglutinin. a comparative study of the antiviral activity of inhibitors of proteases from various s ... | 1982 | 7135926 |
| circular dichroism studies on conformational transitions of phytohemagglutinins effected by some alcohols. | the effects of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2,2,2,-trifluoroethanol (tfe) on conformation of 10 phytohemagglutinins (lectins) were examined by applying the circular dichroism (cd) method. concanavalin a and the lectins isolated from pea (pisum sativum), lentil (lens culinaris), soybean (glycine max), peanut (arachis hypogaea), dolichos biflorus, sophora japonica, lotus tetragonolobus, ulex europaeus i, and phaseolus vulgaris (leucoagglutinin) were used. slight changes in the structure of th ... | 1982 | 7150429 |
| lectins and the soybean-rhizobium symbiosis. i. immunological investigations of soybean lines, the seeds of which have been reported to lack the 120 000 dalton soybean lectin. | seeds of six soybean lines (glycine max (l.) merr. cv. columbia, d68-127, norredo, sooty, t-102, wilson 5) have been reported to lack the 120 000 dalton soybean lectin. immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay using anti-soybean lectin immunoglobulin failed to detect the lectin in seeds of five lines, but d68-127 seeds contained as much soybean lectin as the control line, harosoy 63. the d68-127 seed lectin could be purified by affinity chromatography on sepharose-n-caproylgalactosamine, and was ind ... | 1980 | 7190028 |
| nodulation of soybeans carrying the nodulation-restrictive gene, rj1, by an incompatible rhizobium japonicum strain upon mixed inoculation with a compatible strain. | the rj1 gene in soybeans prevents nodulation by most strains of rhizobium japonicum. several strains, however, are known to nodulate rj1 plants in vermiculite or sand culture. pure broth cultures of one of these strains (61 nalr) and a strain producing the typical non-nodulating response with rj1 (i-110 ars) were mixed and used as inoculum on clark rj1 soybeans in a growth chamber experiment. both strains carried drug resistance markers and were identified using selective media. analysis of the ... | 1980 | 7190864 |
| effect of raw legume diets on disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of chicks. | the effect of four raw legume diets: field beans (vicia faba) (rfb), navy beans (phaseolus vulgaris) (rnb), soybeans (glycine soja) (rsb) and bitter vetch (vicia ervilia) (rbv), on disaccharidase activities in chick small intestine have been studied. maltase and sucrase activities, which vary with age, were determined in 1 to 60 day old animals, rfb and rbv diets had no effect on maltase activity and only increased sucrase activity in 60 day old chicks. both maltase and sucrase activities decrea ... | 1980 | 7192009 |
| effects of ingesting soy or egg lecithins on serum choline, brain choline and brain acetylcholine. | rats were fed lecithins, derived from eggs or soybeans, to determine whether the fatty acid composition of the phosphatidylcholine altered choline availability. rats were fed either a single meal containing 5 g phosphatidylcholine or a lecithin-containing diet for 3 weeks, including approximately 5 g phosphatidylcholine per day. each form of dietary lecithin elevated blood choline, brain choline and brain acetylcholine significantly (p < 0.05). there was no difference in response to egg- or soy- ... | 1981 | 7192727 |
| interaction of lectins from soybean and peanut with rhizobia that nodulate soybean, peanut, or both plants. | four of 14 strains of rhizobium japonicum from soybean nodulated peanut (arachis hypogaea l. cultivar jumbo virginia), and 3 of 8 rhizobium sp. strains from peanut nodulate soybean (glycine max (l.) merr. cultivar harosoy 63). cells of three peanut rhizobia bound fluorescent- and radioisotope-labeled soybean lectin. two of these strains failed to nodulate soybean, and conversely, two peanut strains that nodulated soybean did not bind to soybean lectin. both culture medium and age had pronounced ... | 1980 | 7195297 |
| soybean diet lowers breast tumor incidence in irradiated rats. | this paper examines the relationship between feeding a diet rich in protease inhibitors and the reduction of mammary cancer induced by x-irradiation in sprague-dawley rats. of a total of 145 irradiated animals, 44% of the 45 rats fed a raw soybean diet containing a high concentration of protease inhibitor developed mammary tumors as compared to 74% of 50 rats fed a casein diet containing no protease inhibitor. animals fed purina rat chow which contained low levels of protease inhibitor exhibited ... | 1980 | 7196809 |
| food antibodies in milk from guatemalan women. | this study investigates the presence of antibodies against food products in milk samples from 30 guatemalan women of 3 different socioeconomic status: 10 rural poor, 10 urban poor, and 10 urban privileged. the 3 groups had varied dietary habits. both the rural and urban poor mothers do not consume cow's milk. black beans are consumed more often by the urban groups while soy bean products are consumed by both rural and urban poor regularly. milk samples were collected from the mothers. the ... | 1981 | 7196944 |
| studies on lectins. li. the role of mn2+ in the activity of the soybean lectin. | in contradistinction to previous reports, the lectin of soybeans (glycine soja) has been shown to retain its erythroagglutinating activity after complete removal of manganese from its molecule. the applied demetallization procedures (dialysis against 0.1 m hcl or 1m acetic acid and against 0.1 m edta following by dialysis against 1 m acetic acid) had no effect on the stability of the lectin subunit structure, as proved by ultracentrifugation analysis or thin-layer chromatography on sephadex g-20 ... | 1981 | 7197555 |
| the isolation and characterization of a root lectin from soybean (glycine max (l), cultivar chippewa). | a lectin has been isolated from the roots of 5-day soybean (glycine max (l) cultivar chippewa) seedlings, and its properties have been compared to those of the soybean seed lectin. the sugar-binding activities of the two lectins, both in terms of specific hemagglutinating activity and sugar specificity, are indistinguishable. molecular properties of the two lectins, measured as relative molecular weights, isoelectric and electrophoretic patterns, amino acid compositions, immunochemical cross-rea ... | 1981 | 7198118 |
| soybean proteinase inhibitors and human proteolytic enzymes: selective inactivation of inhibitors by treatment with human gastric juice. | the stability of soybean proteinase inhibitors to 0.1 m hcl and to human gastric juice was investigated. purified kunitz soybean inhibitor (sbti), purified lima bean inhibitor (lbi), and crude, aqueous extract (1:5 w/v) of three varieties of soybeans were incubated for 24 hours at 37 degrees. the sbti, the lbi, and the soybean extracts were mixed with gastric juice or 0.1 m hcl in amounts corresponding to 4.0 g sbti, 2.4 g lbi, and 130 g soybean meal per liter. the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhib ... | 1981 | 7198142 |
| effect of microwave heating of soybeans on protein quality. | the purpose of this study was to determine the protein quality of microwave cooked soybeans by the rat growth and protein efficiency ratio method (per). it was found that properly cooked, dry, hulled, whole soybean seeds had a per of 2.4 +/- .06 (mean +/- standard error) and a mean weekly weight gain of 21.2 +/- 1.1 which were equivalent to 2.53 +/- .10 and 18.3 +/- 1.0 g for casein, respectively. these data demonstrate the value of microwave cooked soybeans and suggest further research on the p ... | 1981 | 7199277 |
| availability to rats of zinc from soybean seeds as affected by maturity of seed, source of dietary protein, and soluble phytate. | male rats were used to assess the availability of zinc in soybean seeds (glycine max, var. 'amsoy') as affected by maturity of seed, dietary protein source, and exogenous dietary sodium phytate. seeds were harvested from either 84- (immature) or 120-day-old (mature) plants grown in 65zn-labeled nutrient solutions that contained either 0.066 or 0.262 ppm zinc as zinc sulfate. increased zinc supply to plants increased the zinc content of seeds; immature seeds had higher concentrations of zinc than ... | 1982 | 7200513 |
| [agronomic, nutritional and processing characteristics of soybean germ plasm with colored seed coats]. | ten soybean varieties with colored seed coats were evaluated in jaboticabal, with the objective of obtaining information as to color preference in the direct use of soybeans in human consumption. the above-mentioned material showed good adaptation to the local environmental conditions: plant cycles were smaller than the santa rosa (121 days), varying from 107 to 119 days, in spite of the fact that some varieties started blooming later than santa rosa. all materials are within the minimum standar ... | 1981 | 7201302 |
| reduction of the soy-induced inhibition of nonheme iron absorption. | recent studies in normal men have demonstrated that soy products have a pronounced inhibitory effect on the absorption of nonheme dietary iron. the purpose of the present investigation was to explore approaches to overcoming this inhibition. a modest but significant increase in iron absorption was observed when test meals containing either isolated soy protein or whole soybeans were baked at 200 degrees c. the addition of 100 mg ascorbic acid to a meal containing isolated soy protein had a more ... | 1982 | 7201739 |
| in vitro evaluation of fungicides and antibiotics against macrophomina phaseolina (tassi) goid, the incitant of leaf spot of soybean (glycine max.). | | 1981 | 7309555 |
| [sensitivity of different biological methods for differentiating the protein value of various foods]. | the nutritive value of proteins from different sources was studied. the value for per, weight of the animals, iec, npr, ndpcal%, digestibility (d), and biological value (bv) was determined with diets containing 7% of total protein. the best results were obtained for milk, opaque-2 corn, rice and soybeans. the association of rice + soybeans was optimum. the results suggest also that it is advantageous to supplement wheat with cassava. comparison of the results obtained by the different biological ... | 1981 | 7337518 |
| identification of "nodule-specific" host proteins (nodoulins) involved in the development of rhizobium-legume symbiosis. | infection of legume roots with rhizobium species results in the development of a root nodule structure in which the bacteria form an intracellular symbiosis with the plant. we report here that the infection of soybean (glycine max l.) roots with rhizobium japonicum results in the synthesis by the plant of at least 18-20 polypeptides other than leghemoglobin during the development of root nodules. identification of these "nodule-specific" host polypeptides (referred to as nodulins) was accomplish ... | 1980 | 7388942 |