| serological analysis of butyrivibrio from the bovine rumen. | margherita, s. s. (university of california, davis) and r. e. hungate. serological analysis of butyrivibrio from the bovine rumen. j. bacteriol. 86:855-860. 1963.-the cultural and fermentation characteristics of a number of strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens isolated from the bovine rumen of cattle from different areas were determined, and the strains were subjected to serological analysis by the techniques of agglutination, immunodiffusion, and indirect hemolysis. in general, the results of t ... | 1963 | 14066485 |
| biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids by rumen bacteria. | polan, c. e. (north carolina state of the university of north carolina, raleigh), j. j. mcneill, and s. b. tove. biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids by rumen bacteria. j. bacteriol. 88:1056-1064. 1964.-a simple, rapid, specific assay for the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids was developed. with this assay, it was shown that washed suspensions of mixed rumen bacteria hydrogenate linoleic and oleic acids. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a common rumen bacterium, is capable of hydrogen ... | 1964 | 14219019 |
| phylogenetic analysis of fiber-associated rumen bacterial community and pcr detection of uncultured bacteria. | the fiber-associated rumen bacterial community was phylogenetically examined by analysis of 16s rrna gene (16s rdna) sequences. hay stems of orchardgrass and alfalfa were incubated for 6 and 20 h, respectively in the rumen of two different sheep, and total dna was extracted from the incubated stems to clone bacterial 16s rdnas using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). of 91 such clones, 21 showed more than 97% sequence similarity with known isolates, 32 clones had 90-97% similarity with known seque ... | 2003 | 14659538 |
| the butyrivibrio fibrisolvens tet(w) gene is carried on the novel conjugative transposon tnb1230, which contains duplicated nitroreductase coding sequences. | the butyrivibrio fibrisolvens tet(w) gene is located on the conjugative transposon tnb1230. tnb1230 encodes transfer proteins with 48 to 67% identity to some of those encoded by tn1549. tet(w) is flanked by directly repeated sequences with significant homology to oxygen-insensitive nitroreductases. the 340 nucleotides upstream of tet(w) are strongly conserved and are required for tetracycline resistance. | 2004 | 15150255 |
| butyrivibriocin ar10, a new cyclic bacteriocin produced by the ruminal anaerobe butyrivibrio fibrisolvens ar10: characterization of the gene and peptide. | the gene (bvia) encoding the ruminal bacteriocin butyrivibriocin ar10 was cloned from an ecori library by using an oligonucleotide probe based on a partial peptide sequence of the previously isolated peptide. the gene encoded an 80 amino acid prebacteriocin that demonstrated significant identity with the cyclic bacteriocin gassericin a. negative ion time of flight mass spectroscopic analysis (esi/ms) indicated a mass of 5981.5 da for the isolated bacteriocin, a molecular mass that could not be g ... | 2003 | 15162201 |
| use of community genome arrays (cgas) to assess the effects of acacia angustissima on rumen ecology. | this research developed a community genome array (cga) to assess the effects of acacia angustissima on rumen microbiology. a. angustissima produces non-protein amino acids as well as tannins, which may be toxic to animals, and cga was used to assess the effects of this plant on the ecology of the rumen. cgas were developed using a 7.5 cmx2.5 cm nylon membrane format that included up to 96 bacterial genomes. it was possible to separately hybridize large numbers of membranes at once using this min ... | 2004 | 15347749 |
| variation in antimicrobial action of proanthocyanidins from dorycnium rectum against rumen bacteria. | the proanthocyanidin polymer fractions of the leaves of the forage legume dorycnium rectum were analysed by acid catalysis with benzyl mercaptan, nmr and es-ms. the results showed that d. rectum differs from other temperate proanthocyanidin-containing forage legumes in that the range of polymers extends up to very high degrees of polymerisation. three fractions were characterised as low, medium, and high molecular weight proanthocyanidin fractions with mean degree of polymerisations of 10.3, 41 ... | 2004 | 15381413 |
| effect of the microbial feed additive saccharomyces cerevisiae cncm i-1077 on protein and peptide degrading activities of rumen bacteria grown in vitro. | we investigated the potential of the ruminant feed additive saccharomyces cerevisiae cncm i-1077 on protein and peptide degrading activities of the rumen bacterial species prevotella albensis m384, streptococcus bovis 20480, and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 3071 grown in vitro. alive or heat-killed yeast cells were added to bacterial cultures in a complex casein-glucose medium. after incubation of the cultures at 39 degrees c under o(2)-free co(2), peptidase activities were determined in the absenc ... | 2005 | 15702254 |
| horizontal transfer of erythromycin resistance from clostridium difficile to butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | this study demonstrates for the first time the in vitro transfer of the erythromycin resistance gene erm(b) between two obligate anaerobes, the human spore-forming pathogen clostridium difficile and the rumen commensal butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, suggesting that this event might occur also in the natural environment. | 2005 | 16304188 |
| electron microscopy of the microbial populations present and their modes of attack on various cellulosic substrates undergoing digestion in the sheep rumen. | cotton fibers and various cell wall preparations from grass leaves and from the feces of sheep fed on dried grass were placed in the sheep rumen in bags made from 5-mum-mesh nylon cloth. after periods of from 3 to 48 h, bags were removed, and the contents were fixed, embedded, sectioned, and stained for electron microscopy. some of the bacteria present were seen to be closely associated with the cell walls, either tunneling within them or making very close contact. evidence was obtained for diff ... | 1978 | 16345303 |
| effects of combinations of substrates on maximum growth rates of several rumen bacteria. | five rumen bacteria, selenomonas ruminantium, bacteroides ruminicola, megasphaera elsdenii, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and streptococcus bovis were grown in media containing nonlimiting concentrations of glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, xylose and/or lactate. each bacterium was grown with every substrate that it could ferment in every possible two-way combination. only once did a combination of substrates result in a higher maximum growth rate than that observed with either substrate alone ... | 1979 | 16345360 |
| oxaloacetate synthesis in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) was the only enzyme capable of carboxylating pyruvate or phosphoenolpyruvate that could be demonstrated in sonicated cells or cell-free extracts of a group 1 butyrivibrio. | 1979 | 16345406 |
| effect of monensin and lasalocid-sodium on the growth of methanogenic and rumen saccharolytic bacteria. | it is thought that monensin increases the efficiency of feed utilization by cattle by altering the rumen fermentation. we studied the effect of monensin and the related ionophore antibiotic lasalocid-sodium (hoffman-laroche) on the growth of methanogenic and rumen saccharolytic bacteria in a complex medium containing rumen fluid. ruminococcus albus, ruminococcus flavefaciens, and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens were inhibited by 2.5 mug of monensin or lasalocid per ml. growth of bacteroides succinogen ... | 1979 | 16345418 |
| bacterial population adherent to the epithelium on the roo of the dorsal rumen of sheep. | by anaerobic procedures, the total number of adherent bacteria was determined on tissue samples obtained from the roof of the dorsal rumen of three sheep. after four washings, 1.91 x 10, 0.34 x 10, and 1.23 x 10 bacteria per cm were still attached to the rumen epithelium in sheep 1, 2, and 3, respectively. a total of 95 strains of bacteria were isolated from these three samples. based on morphology, gram stain, anaerobiosis, motility, and fermentation end products, they were presumptively identi ... | 1981 | 16345797 |
| degradation of bermuda and orchard grass by species of ruminal bacteria. | fiber degradation in bermuda grass and orchard grass was evaluated gravimetrically and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy after incubation with pure cultures of rumen bacteria. lachnospira multiparus d-32 was unable to degrade plant cell wall components. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 49 degraded 6 and 14.9% of the fiber components in bermuda grass and orchard grass, respectively, and ruminococcus albus 7 degraded 11.4% orchard grass fiber but none in bermuda grass. both b. fibrisolvens ... | 1985 | 16346915 |
| effect of 3-phenylpropanoic acid on growth of and cellulose utilization by cellulolytic ruminal bacteria. | the growth of several cellulolytic species of ruminal bacteria was measured in media containing either cellobiose or cellulose as the energy source and with or without added 3-phenylpropanoic acid (ppa). with ruminoccoccus albus 7 and 8, the addition of ppa greatly enhanced the rate of cellulose utilization but had little effect on the rate of growth when cellobiose was the energy source. comparative rates of growth obtained on either cellobiose or cellulose for ruminococcus flavefaciens fd1 or ... | 1986 | 16347111 |
| enrichment and isolation of rumen bacteria that reduce trans- aconitic acid to tricarballylic acid. | bacteria from the bovine rumen capable of reducing trans-aconitate to tricarballylate were enriched in an anaerobic chemostat containing rumen fluid medium and aconitate. after 9 days at a dilution rate of 0.07 h, the medium was diluted and plated in an anaerobic glove box. three types of isolates were obtained from the plates (a crescent-shaped organism, a pleomorphic rod, and a spiral-shaped organism), and all three produced tricarballylate in batch cultures that contained glucose and trans-ac ... | 1985 | 16346691 |
| digestion of barley, maize, and wheat by selected species of ruminal bacteria. | differences in the digestion of barley, maize, and wheat by three major ruminal starch-digesting bacterial species, streptococcus bovis 26, ruminobacter amylophilus 50, and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38, were characterized. the rate of starch digestion in all cereal species was greater for s. bovis 26 than for r. amylophilus 50 or b. fibrisolvens a38. starch digestion by s. bovis 26 was greater in wheat than in barley or maize, whereas starch digestion by r. amylophilus 50 was greater in barley ... | 1990 | 16348322 |
| isolation of plasmid dna from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | a procedure based on successive precipitation of cell lysates with sodium dodecyl sulfate-nacl and polyethylene glycol 6000 was developed which allows the isolation of plasmid dna from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. a survey of b. fibrisolvens strains isolated from the bovine rumen showed that plasmids are a common feature of this species. | 1982 | 16345935 |
| purification and characterization of an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens gs113. | an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (ec 3.2.1.55) was purified from the cytoplasm of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens gs113. the native enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 240 kda and was composed of eight polypeptide subunits of 31 kda. the enzyme displayed an isoelectric point of 6.0, a ph optimum of 6.0 to 6.5, a ph stability of 4.0 to 8.0, and a temperature optimum of 45 degrees c and was stable to 55 degrees c. the k(m) and v(max) for p-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranoside were 0.7 mm and 109 mum ... | 1992 | 16348679 |
| effects of long-chain fatty acids on growth of rumen bacteria. | the effects of low concentrations of long-chain fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, and vaccenic) on the growth of seven species (13 strains) of rumen bacteria were investigated. except for bacteroides ruminicola and several strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, bacterial growth was not greatly affected by either palmitic or stearic acids. in contrast, growth of selenomonas ruminantium, b. ruminicola, and one strain of b. fibrisolvens was stimulated by oleic acid, whereas the cellulolytic spe ... | 1981 | 16345887 |
| effects of sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia scop.) condensed tannins on growth and proteolysis by four strains of ruminal bacteria. | sainfoin leaf condensed tannins inhibited growth and protease activity in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38 and streptococcus bovis 45s1 but had little effect on prevotella ruminicola b(1)4 or ruminobacter amylophilus wp225. tannins bound to cell coat polymers in all strains. morphological changes in b. fibrisolvens and s. bovis implicated the cell wall as a target of tannin toxicity. | 1994 | 16349244 |
| oxaloacetate synthesis in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | [this corrects the article on p. 1247 in vol. 37.]. | 1979 | 16345454 |
| isolation of a novel strain of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens that isomerizes linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid without hydrogenation, and its utilization as a probiotic for animals. | isolation of a new strain of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens possessing great capacity to produce conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in order to utilize as a probiotic for animals. | 2006 | 16553734 |
| comparison of maintenance energy expenditures and growth yields among several rumen bacteria grown on continuous culture. | maintenance energy expenditures were mesured for five rumen bacteria, selenomonas ruminantium, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, bacteroides ruminicola, megasphaera elsdenii, and streptococcus bovis, by using a complex medium with glucose as the carbon source. large differences (as high as 8.5-fold) in maintenance energy expenditures were seen among these bacteria. the suggestion is made that maintenance requirements could be a significant determinant of bacterial competition in the rumen. theoretical ... | 1979 | 16345359 |
| comparison of substrate affinities among several rumen bacteria: a possible determinant of rumen bacterial competition. | five rumen bacteria, selenomonas ruminantium, bacteroides ruminicola, megasphaera elsdenii, streptococcus bovis, and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens were grown in continuous culture. estimates of substrate affinities were derived from lineweaver-burk plots of dilution rate versus substrate concentration. each bacterium was grown on at least four of the six substrates: glucose, maltose, sucrose, cellobiose, xylose, and lactate. wide variations in substrate affinities were seen among the substrates util ... | 1979 | 16345358 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of bifidobacterium strains from humans, animals and probiotic products. | the aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of a taxonomically diverse set of bifidobacterium strains to different classes of antimicrobial agents using a recently described medium. | 2006 | 16698847 |
| oral administration of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a butyrate-producing bacterium, decreases the formation of aberrant crypt foci in the colon and rectum of mice. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a butyrate-producing ruminal bacterium, was evaluated for use as a probiotic to prevent colorectal cancer. oral administration to jcl:icr mice of a new strain of b. fibrisolvens (mdt-1) that produces butyrate at a high rate (10(9) cfu/dose) increased the rate of butyrate production by fecal microbes, suggesting that mdt-1 can grow in the gut. the number of colorectal aberrant crypt foci (acf), putative preneoplastic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, was reduced ... | 2005 | 16317136 |
| influence of fish oil on ruminal biohydrogenation of c18 unsaturated fatty acids. | dietary cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (cla) is generally thought to be beneficial for human health. fish oil added to ruminant diets increases the cla concentration of milk and meat, an increase thought to arise from alterations in ruminal biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. to investigate the mechanism for this effect, in vitro incubations were carried out with ruminal digesta and the main biohydrogenating ruminal bacterium, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. linoleic acid (la) or a ... | 2006 | 16768845 |
| characterization and transcription of the genes involved in butyrate production in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens type i and ii strains. | the genes in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens that encode the enzymes involved in butyrate production were sequenced. in a type i strain (atcc 19171(t)), the genes coding for the enzymes that catalyze the conversion from acetyl-coa to butyryl-coa, thl (thiolase), crt (crotonase), hbd (beta-hydroxybutyryl-coa dehydrogenase), bcd (butyryl-coa dehydrogenase), etfb (electron transfer flavoprotein [etf]-beta), and etfa (etf-alpha), were found to be clustered and arranged in this order. a type ii strain (atc ... | 2005 | 15991056 |
| butyrivibrio spp. and other xylanolytic microorganisms from the rumen have cinnamoyl esterase activity. | high concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acids in the hemicellulosic fraction of dry season tropical grasses may influence the rate of microbial degradation of arabinoxylans by ruminant animals. the ability of 22 strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, other ruminal bacteria (ruminococcus albus sy3, ruminococcus flavefaciens rf1,prevotella ruminicola ar20) and the ruminal phycomycete neocallimastix patriciarum cx to digest the tropical grass heteropogon contortus(spear grass) and hydrolyse esterifie ... | 1998 | 16887624 |
| increased expression of a molecular chaperone groel in response to unsaturated fatty acids by the biohydrogenating ruminal bacterium, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens is the most active bacterial species in the biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) in the rumen. it needs to remove the unsaturated bonds in order to detoxify the pufa to enable the growth of the bacterium. here, we investigated the response of cell membrane-associated proteins in b. fibrisolvens to growth in the presence of pufa. numerous changes were observed in the cell membrane-associated proteome. one of the main modifications occurring when the 18: ... | 2006 | 16923082 |
| molecular analysis of tet(w) gene-mediated tetracycline resistance in dominant intestinal bifidobacterium species from healthy humans. | tet(w) was found responsible for tetracycline resistance (mics, 4 to > or =32 microg ml(-1)) in dominant bifidobacterial species from the gastrointestinal tracts of healthy humans. the gene from bifidobacterium longum h66 proved to be identical over a 2.6-kbp region to the recently described tet(w) determinant of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | 2006 | 16936047 |
| a new strain of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens that has high ability to isomerize linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid. | a new strain of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (th1) that has high potential to produce conjugated linoleic acid (cla) was isolated. strain th1 had higher la isomerase (la-i) activity, and was much more tolerant to linoleic acid (la) than other strains examined. however, high cla reductase (cla-r) activity resulted in the temporary accumulation of cla and subsequent conversion to trans-vaccenic acid (t-va). when la was added to growing th1 cultures in a solution with dimethylsulfoxide (la/dmso), cla ... | 2005 | 15942871 |
| metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their toxicity to the microflora of the rumen. | ruminal microorganisms hydrogenate polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) present in forages and thereby restrict the availability of health-promoting pufa in meat and milk. the aim of this study was to investigate pufa metabolism and the influence of pufa on members of the ruminal microflora. eleven of 26 predominant species of ruminal bacteria metabolised linoleic acid (la; cis-9,cis-12-18:2) substantially. the most common product was vaccenic acid (trans-11-18:1), produced by species related to b ... | 2007 | 17072533 |
| characterization and transcription of the genes encoding enzymes involved in butyrate production in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | genes encoding enzymes that catalyze butyryl-coa formation from acetyl-coa in a type ii strain of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens were analyzed. the genes encoding thiolase, beta-hydroxybutyryl-coa dehydrogenase, butyryl-coa dehydrogenase, and electron transfer flavoproteins were clustered, but the crotonase gene was not present in this region. the deduced amino acid sequences of these enzymes were similar to those of clostridia. the clustered genes were shown to be cotranscribed. the rate of butyrate ... | 2003 | 14570270 |
| relation between phylogenetic position, lipid metabolism and butyrate production by different butyrivibrio-like bacteria from the rumen. | the butyrivibrio group comprises butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and related gram-positive bacteria isolated mainly from the rumen of cattle and sheep. the aim of this study was to investigate phenotypic characteristics that discriminate between different phylotypes. the phylogenetic position, derived from 16s rdna sequence data, of 45 isolates from different species and different countries was compared with their fermentation products, mechanism of butyrate formation, lipid metabolism and sensitivity ... | 2007 | 17077990 |
| expression and export of a ruminococcus albus cellulase in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens through the use of an alternative gene promoter and signal sequence. | ruminococcal cellulase (ruminococcus albus f-40 endoglucanase egi) was successfully expressed in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens ob156c, using the erm promoter from pambeta1. a newly identified signal peptide coding region of xyna from b. fibrisolvens 49 allowed efficient translocation of the foreign egi into the extracellular fraction. first, b. fibrisolvens xyna with or without its own putative signal peptide (xyna sp) coding region was cloned into a shuttle vector to transform b. fibrisolvens ob156 ... | 2003 | 14569291 |
| clostridium proteoclasticum: a ruminal bacterium that forms stearic acid from linoleic acid. | the aim of this study was to identify ruminal bacteria that form stearic acid (18 : 0) from linoleic acid (cis-9,cis-12-18 : 2). one 18 : 0-producing isolate, p-18, isolated from the sheep rumen was similar in morphology and metabolic properties to 'fusocillus' spp. isolated many years ago. phylogenetic analysis based on nearly full-length 16s rrna gene sequence (>1300 bp) analysis indicated that the stearate producer was most closely related to clostridium proteoclasticum b316(t). clostridium p ... | 2006 | 17147764 |
| dominance of prevotella and low abundance of classical ruminal bacterial species in the bovine rumen revealed by relative quantification real-time pcr. | relative quantification real-time pcr was used to quantify several bacterial species in ruminal samples from two lactating cows, each sampled 3 h after feeding on two successive days. abundance of each target taxon was calculated as a fraction of the total 16s rrna gene copies in the samples, using taxon-specific and eubacterial domain-level primers. bacterial populations showed a clear predominance of members of the genus prevotella, which comprised 42% to 60% of the bacterial rrna gene copies ... | 2007 | 17235560 |
| isomers of conjugated linoleic acids are synthesized via different mechanisms in ruminal digesta and bacteria. | digesta samples from the ovine rumen and pure ruminal bacteria were incubated with linoleic acid (la) in deuterium oxide-containing buffer to investigate the mechanisms of the formation of conjugated linoleic acids (clas). rumenic acid (ra; cis-9,trans-11-18:2), trans-9,trans-11-18:2, and trans-10,cis-12-18:2 were the major cla intermediates formed from la in ruminal digesta, with traces of trans-9,cis-11-18:2, cis-9,cis-11-18:2, and cis-10,cis-12-18:2. mass spectrometry indicated an increase in ... | 2007 | 17644775 |
| purification and gene sequencing of conjugated linoleic acid reductase from a gastrointestinal bacterium, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | to characterize the cause for the lack of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) reductase (cla-r) activity in the butyrivibrio fibrisolvens mdt-5 strain that rapidly isomerizes linoleic acid (la) to cla without hydrogenation, the cla-r was purified and its gene (cla-r) sequence was determined. | 2007 | 17650196 |
| [metabolism of rumen microbial populations formed on biosubstrates with different assimilation under the effect of pentachlorophenol]. | it has been established that metabolism of mixed microbial population formed on easy assimilated sources of energy and nitrogen (concentrate diet) progressed on higher level. there is increase of amilolytic activity, formation of lactate, ammonia, low molecular carbonic acids with predomination of propionate molar fraction. the increased resistance to effect of pentachlorophenol (pcp) is characteristic nature of the latter. the role of the most resistant synthrophic bacteria to pcp increases. th ... | 2002 | 12916235 |
| genetic features of circular bacteriocins produced by gram-positive bacteria. | this review highlights the main genetic features of circular bacteriocins, which require the co-ordinated expression of several genetic determinants. in general terms, it has been demonstrated that the expression of such structural genes must be combined with the activity of proteins involved in maturation (cleavage/circularization) and secretion outside the cell via different transporter systems, as well as multifaceted immunity mechanisms essential to ensuring the bacteria's self-protection ag ... | 2008 | 18034824 |
| the heterologous expression of polysaccharidase-encoding genes with oenological relevance in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the main objective of this study was to develop polysaccharide-degrading wine strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae, which are able to improve aspects of wine processing and clarification, as well as colour extraction and stabilization during winemaking. | 2007 | 18045408 |
| the characterization of lactic acid producing bacteria from the rumen of dairy cattle grazing on improved pasture supplemented with wheat and barley grain. | to identify and characterize the major lactic acid bacteria in the rumen of dairy cattle grazing improved pasture of rye grass and white clover and receiving a maize silage and grain supplement with and without virginiamycin. | 2008 | 18217928 |
| effect of monensin feeding and withdrawal on populations of individual bacterial species in the rumen of lactating dairy cows fed high-starch rations. | real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to quantify 16 procaryotic taxa in the rumina of two lactating dairy cows following supply and subsequent withdrawal of the feed additive monensin (13.9 mg/kg of diet dry matter) in a high-starch, silage-based ration. pcr was conducted on dna from rumen samples collected 6 h post feeding on two successive days before monensin supplementation, after 30 days of monensin supplementation, and at six weekly intervals after monensin withdrawal. mean v ... | 2008 | 18535825 |
| structural studies of the extracellular polysaccharide produced by butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain h10b. | the extracellular polysaccharide produced by butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain h10b, when grown under strictly anaerobic conditions with glucose as carbohydrate source, has been studied by chemical and spectroscopic techniques. the results demonstrate that the polysaccharide consists of hexasaccharide repeating units with the following structure: [structure: see text] the isolated polysaccharide was found to be approximately 65% acetylated at o-2 of the 3-o-[(s)-1-carboxyethyl]-beta-d-glcp residu ... | 2003 | 12860428 |
| biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by pure culture ruminal bacteria. | twenty-one ruminal bacteria species were tested for their ability to degrade 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) within 24 h. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, fibrobacter succinogenes, lactobacillus vitulinus, selenomonas ruminantium, streptococcus caprinus, and succinivibrio dextrinosolvens were able to completely degrade 100 mg/l tnt, with <5% of the original tnt recovered as diaminonitrotoluene metabolites. eubacterium ruminantium, lactobacillus ruminis, ruminobacter amylophilus, streptococcus bovis, and w ... | 2009 | 18839246 |
| characterization of tet(32) genes from the oral metagenome. | tet(32) was identified in three bacterial isolates and in metagenomic dna from the human oral cavity. the regions immediately flanking the gene were found to have similarities to the mobile elements tnb1230 from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, ate-3 from arcanobacterium pyogenes, and ctn5 from clostridium difficile. | 2009 | 18955517 |
| mechanism of conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid formation in human faecal suspensions and pure cultures of intestinal bacteria. | faecal bacteria from four human donors and six species of human intestinal bacteria known to metabolize linoleic acid (la) were incubated with la in deuterium oxide-enriched medium to investigate the mechanisms of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) and vaccenic acid (va) formation. the main cla products in faecal suspensions, rumenic acid (cis-9,trans-11-cla; ra) and trans-9,trans-11-cla, were labelled at c-13, as were other 9,11 geometric isomers. traces of trans-10,cis-12-cla formed were labelled ... | 2009 | 19118369 |
| presence of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens in the digestive tract of dogs and cats, and its contribution to butyrate production. | numbers of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a major butyrate-producing bacterium in the rumen, in feces of dogs and cats were estimated by competitive pcr. the type iib of b. fibrisolvens, which produces much more lactate than butyrate, was detected at the levels (cells per g of feces dry weight) of 2.4x10(3)-9.0x10(5) for dogs and 1.7x10(4-)-6.2x10(5) for cats. however, the type i that produces much more butyrate than the type iib was not detected in cat or dog feces (less than 6.0x10(4) cells per g ... | 2001 | 12483606 |
| sucrose phosphorylase of the rumen bacterium pseudobutyrivibrio ruminis strain a. | to verify the taxonomic affiliation of bacterium butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain a from our collection and to characterize its enzyme(s) responsible for digestion of sucrose. | 2009 | 19320946 |
| bacterial diversity in the rumen of gayals (bos frontalis), swamp buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) and holstein cow as revealed by cloned 16s rrna gene sequences. | libraries of rumen bacterial 16s rrna gene sequences of gayals (bos frontalis) and swamp buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) were cloned and sequenced in the present work to compare the bacterial diversity with the third published library of holstein cow. sequence similarity of 97% was used as the definition of operational taxonomic unit (otu). the majority of the 470 sequences retrieved fell into the phyla of low g + c subdivision (329 sequences) and cytophaga-flexibacter-bacteroides (cfb, 123 sequence ... | 2010 | 19662514 |
| novel tetracycline resistance gene, tet(32), in the clostridium-related human colonic anaerobe k10 and its transmission in vitro to the rumen anaerobe butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | a novel tetracycline resistance gene, designated tet(32), which confers a high level of tetracycline resistance, was identified in the clostridium-related human colonic anaerobe k10, which also carries tet(w). tet(32) was transmissible in vitro to the rumen anaerobe butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 2221(r). the predicted gene product of tet(32) has 76% amino acid identity with tet(o). pcr amplification indicated that tet(32) is widely distributed in the ovine rumen and in porcine feces. | 2001 | 11600392 |
| the use of pcr for the identification and characterisation of bacteriocin genes from bacterial strains isolated from rumen or caecal contents of cattle and sheep. | pcr primers were designed to amplify the gene that encodes bovicin 255 from streptococcus gallolyticus lrc0255 and the bacteriocin genes from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains ar10 and or79a (bvid and bvi79a) in order to screen for their incidence in rumen and caecal b. fibrisolvens and streptococcus bovis-like isolates from new zealand and north american ruminants. none of the b. fibrisolvens-like strains (n=34) isolated from new zealand or north america had the genes encoding for butyrivibrioc ... | 2004 | 19712403 |
| phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences reveals rumen bacterial diversity in yaks (bos grunniens). | six matured male yaks (bos grunniens) with a mean live weight of 450 +/- 23 kg (mean +/- sd), were housed indoors in metabolism cages and fed pelleted lucerne (medicago sativum). after an adjustment period of 24 days of feeding the diet, samples of rumen content were obtained for analysis of the bacteria in the liquor. the diversity of rumen bacteria was investigated by constructing a 16s rrna gene clone library using the general bacterial primers f27 and r1492. a total of 130 clones, comprising ... | 2010 | 19757178 |
| development of competitive pcr for detection of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens in the rumen. | competitive pcr method was developed for the detection and enumeration of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. sequences of 16s rdna were obtained from our isolates (serving as a source of data for primer design) and were distinguished into nine different groups of butyrivibria. specific primers for two distinct groups were designed with the help of bioedit program. these primers were tested with dna of 20 strains of ruminal b. fibrisolvens isolates. annealing temperature 58 degrees c showed a little spec ... | 2001 | 11501480 |
| molecular monitoring and isolation of previously uncultured bacterial strains from the sheep rumen. | to estimate the contribution of uncultured bacterial groups to fiber degradation, we attempted to retrieve both ecological and functional information on uncultured groups in the rumen. among previously reported uncultured bacteria, fiber-associated groups u2 and u3, belonging to the low-gc gram-positive bacterial group, were targeted. pcr primers and fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) probe targeting 16s rrna genes or rrna were designed and used to monitor the distribution of targets. the ... | 2010 | 20118379 |
| detection and identification of rumen bacteria constituting a fibrolytic consortium dominated by fibrobacter succinogenes. | a fibrolytic consortium, dominated by the rumen cellulolytic bacterium fibrobacter succinogenes, was artificially constructed on hay stems to detect and identify rumen bacteria that can potentially interact with f. succinogenes. consortium-bacterial members were determined by dgge and sequencing analysis targeted bacterial 16s rdna. an artificial consortium was formed in a 2-step incubation of hay stems; the first step with group 1, 2 or 3 f. succinogenes strains, the second step with rumen flui ... | 2010 | 20163675 |
| toxicity of unsaturated fatty acids to the biohydrogenating ruminal bacterium, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | health-promoting polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) are abundant in forages grazed by ruminants and in vegetable and fish oils used as dietary supplements, but only a small proportion of pufa finds its way into meat and milk, because of biohydrogenation in the rumen. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens plays a major role in this activity. the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which pufa affect the growth of b. fibrisolvens, how pufa are metabolized and the metabolic response to growth ... | 2010 | 20167098 |
| bacterial and protozoal communities and fatty acid profile in the rumen of sheep fed a diet containing added tannins. | this study evaluated the effects of tannins on ruminal biohydrogenation (bh) due to shifts in the ruminal microbial environment in sheep. thirteen lambs (45 days of age) were assigned to two dietary treatments: seven lambs were fed a barley-based concentrate (control group) while the other six lambs received the same concentrate with supplemental quebracho tannins (9.57% of dry matter). at 122 days of age, the lambs were slaughtered, and the ruminal contents were subjected to fatty acid analysis ... | 2010 | 20173064 |
| rumen microbial population dynamics during adaptation to a high-grain diet. | high-grain adaptation programs are widely used with feedlot cattle to balance enhanced growth performance against the risk of acidosis. this adaptation to a high-grain diet from a high-forage diet is known to change the rumen microbial population structure and help establish a stable microbial population within the rumen. therefore, to evaluate bacterial population dynamics during adaptation to a high-grain diet, 4 ruminally cannulated beef steers were adapted to a high-grain diet using a step-u ... | 2010 | 20851965 |
| application of flow cytometry for ecological monitoring of the rumen microbial ecosystem. | flow cytometry in combination with fluorescently labeled ribosomal rna oligonucleotide probes was used for enumeration and monitoring of ruminal bacteria. the polyanionic azo dye trypan blue was used for discrimination between live bacterial cells and inorganic particles and the separation was further improved by lysozyme treatment and sonication. cy3-labeled universally conserved probe eub338 and fitc-labeled prevotella bryantii specific probe pbb14 were used for in situ hybridization in mixed ... | 2001 | 11501477 |
| phenotypic and genetic data supporting reclassification of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens isolates. | among 55 butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains five ribotypes of b. fibrisolvens were described on the basis of rflp profiles of 16s rdna regions obtained with restriction endonuclease haeiii. in the phylogenetic tree, these ribotypes were located in the xiva cluster of gram-positive bacteria. phenotypic differences of selected ribotype groups became the basis for further reclassification of b. fibrisolvens. | 2001 | 11501475 |
| dominant bacterial communities in the rumen of gayals (bos frontalis), yaks (bos grunniens) and yunnan yellow cattle (bos taurs) revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | the dominant rumen bacteria in gayals, yaks and yunnan yellow cattle were investigated using pcr-dgge approach. the analysis of dgge profiles, identification of dominant bands and phylogenetic analysis 16s rdna sequences in dgge profiles were combined to reveal the dominant bacterial communities and compared the differences between those cattle species. dgge profiles revealed that gayals had the most abundant dominant bacteria and the lowest similarity of intraspecies between individuals than ot ... | 2010 | 21140219 |
| effect of linoleic acid concentration on conjugated linoleic acid production by butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38 inocula were inhibited by as little as 15 microm linoleic acid (la), but growing cultures tolerated 10-fold more la before growth was inhibited. growing cultures did not produce significant amounts of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (cla) until the la concentration was high enough to inhibit biohydrogenation, growth was inhibited, and lysis was enhanced. washed-cell suspensions that were incubated anaerobically with 350 microm la converted most of the la to ... | 2000 | 11097894 |
| effects of ammonia and amino acids on the growth and proteolytic activity of three species of rumen bacteria: prevotella albensis, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and streptococcus bovis. | the addition of increasing physiological concentrations of ammonia or amino acids had distinct effects on the growth and proteolytic activity of streptococcus bovis jb1, prevotella albensis, and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens dsm3071. the growth of s. bovis and b. fibrisolvens was enhanced by nh(3) and aa, and that of p. albensis was reduced compared with a control with protein as the sole source of nitrogen. the proteolytic activity of s. bovis and p. albensis was reduced, but that of b. fibrisolven ... | 2000 | 10827280 |
| strategy of controlling the volumetric loading rate to promote hydrogen-production performance in a mesophilic-kitchen-waste fermentor and the microbial ecology analyses. | the kitchen waste was chosen as a high solid (42gl(-1) of volatile suspended solid, vss) and high organic (107gl(-1) of chemical oxygen demand) feedstock for operating a 3-l mesophilic fermentor. the greatest specific hydrogen production rate ( [formula: see text] ) was observed in stage 3 as 3.4l-h(2)l(-1)day(-1) with a volumetric loading rate (vlr) of 100g-codl(-1)day(-1); the highest hydrogen yield was observed in stage 2 as 96ml-h(2)g(-1) of influent vss with a vlr of 46g-codl(-1)day(-1). in ... | 2011 | 21421306 |
| the effect of lipid supplements on ruminal bacteria in continuous culture fermenters varies with the fatty acid composition. | a single flow continuous culture fermenter system was used in this study to investigate the influence of dietary lipid supplements varying in their fatty acid content on the dna concentration of selected rumen bacteria. four continuous culture fermenters were used in a 4×4 latin square design with four periods of 10 d each. treatment diets were fed at 45 g/d (dm basis) in three equal portions during the day. the diets were: 1) control (con), 2) control with animal fat source (sat), 3) control wi ... | 2011 | 21538241 |
| molecular diversity of bacteria in yunnan yellow cattle (bos taurs) from nujiang region, china. | the rumen content of four yunnan yellow cattle (bos taurs) were collected to determine the bacteria diversity by using 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. a total of 129 sequences were examined and the sequences were referred as 107 otu (operational taxonomy unit) according to the similarity level of 97% in gene sequence. similarity analysis revealed that yunnan yellow cattle had 12 sequences (10 otu) shared 97% or greater similarity with cultured rumen bacteria butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, succinicl ... | 2011 | 21598111 |
| construction of a promoter-rescue plasmid for butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and its use in characterization of a flagellin promoter. | the butyrivibrio fibrisolvens/escherichia coli shuttle vector pbherm has been modified to produce a plasmid (pbhe) that can be used for the identification and characterization of promoters in b. fibrisolvens. pbhe allows the insertion of a test promoter immediately upstream of a promoterless erythromycin resistance gene (ermam). the efficacy of the pbhe plasmid in isolating and characterizing promoters was tested by inserting the flagellin gene (flaa) promoter from b. fibrisolvens or77. transcri ... | 2000 | 10679047 |
| Molecular diversity of the foregut bacteria community in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). | The molecular diversity of the foregut bacterial community in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Central Australia was investigated through comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences prepared from the foregut contents of 12 adult feral camels fed on native vegetation. A total of 267 full-length 16S rRNA gene clones were examined, with 151 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified at a 99% species-level identity cut-off criterion. The prediction of actual diversity in the foreg ... | 2011 | 21914099 |
| cerebral perfusion pressure: a hemodynamic mechanism of mannitol and the postmannitol hemogram. | sixteen patients each received infusions of 1 g of mannitol per kg over 5 to 10 minutes, and serial determinations of intracranial pressure (icp), systemic arterial blood pressure (sabp), central venous pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure (cpp), hematocrit, hemoglobin, serum na+, k+, osmolarity, and fluid balance were carried out for 4 hours. urine output was replaced volume for volume with 5% dextrose in 0.45% nacl solution. we tested the hypothesis that patients with high (greater than or eq ... | 2010 | 3116451 |
| distribution and evolution of the xylanase genes xyna and xynb and their homologues in strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | the ruminal bacterium butyrivibrio fibrisolvens is being engineered by the introduction of heterologous xylanase genes in an attempt to improve the utilization of plant material in ruminants. however, relatively little is known about the diversity and distribution of the native xylanase genes in strains of b. fibrisolvens. in order to identify the most appropriate hosts for such modifications, the xylanase genotypes of 28 strains from the three 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) subgroups of butyrivibrio ... | 1999 | 10427063 |
| alternative schemes of butyrate production in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and their relationship to acetate utilization, lactate production, and phylogeny. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains d1 and a38 produced little lactate, but strain 49 converted as much as 75% of its glucose to lactate. strain 49 had tenfold more lactate dehydrogenase activity than strains d1 or a38, this activity was stimulated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, and had a ph optimum of 6.25. a role for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate or ph regulation of lactate production in strain 49 was, however, contradicted by the observations that very low concentrations (< 0.2 mm) of fructose 1,6-b ... | 1999 | 10382263 |
| [iq and oligophrenia--a further health myth]. | | 2012 | 4106359 |
| [iq and oligophrenia--a further health myth]. | | 2012 | 4106359 |
| isolation and characterization of xylan-degrading strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens from a napier grass-fed anaerobic digester. | six new xylanolytic bacterial strains have been isolated from a napier grass-fed anaerobic digester. these strains were identified as butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and were similar in many respects to ruminal isolates described previously. the new isolates exhibited a high degree of dna homology with several ruminal strains of b. fibrisolvens. xylan or xylose was required to induce the production of enzymes for xylan degradation, xylanase and xylosidase. production of these enzymes was repressed in ... | 1988 | 16347622 |
| influence of forage phenolics on ruminal fibrolytic bacteria and in vitro fiber degradation. | in vitro cultures of ruminal microorganisms were used to determine the effect of cinnamic acid and vanillin on the digestibility of cellulose and xylan. cinnamic acid and vanillin depressed in vitro dry matter disappearance of cellulose 14 and 49%, respectively, when rumen fluid was the inoculum. the number of viable bacteroides succinogenes cells, the predominant cellulolytic organism, was threefold higher for fermentations which contained vanillin than for control fermentations. when xylan rep ... | 1986 | 16347127 |
| anaerobic production of extracellular polysaccharide by butyrivibrio fibrisolvens nyx. | anaerobic production of extracellular polysaccharide (ep) was examined, using a previously uncharacterized, obligately anaerobic rumen isolate, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens nyx, which produced an ep that was rheologically similar to xanthan gum. the main objectives were to determine the nutritional requirements and conditions which promoted ep production by strain nyx. strain nyx was grown anaerobically in defined and semidefined media. in addition to carbohydrate and nitrogen sources, strain nyx r ... | 1992 | 16348636 |
| [when i remember majdanek. memoirs of woman-physician]. | | 2016 | 4891666 |
| utilization of glucose and xylose in ruminal strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. | the dual-substrate utilization pattern in cultures of five ruminal strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens growing on glucose and xylose was investigated. strains atcc 19171 and 86 utilized glucose and xylose simultaneously. other strains exhibited diauxic growth. strains x1 and ce 51 exhibited classical diauxic growth in which glucose was utilized during the first phase. strain x2d62 displayed atypical diauxic growth in which slow utilization of xylose was followed by rapid utilization of glucose ... | 1994 | 16349201 |
| actual or standard bicarbonate. | | 1999 | 89314 |
| ovarian failure in galactosaemia. | | 2001 | 90818 |
| augmentation of vaccenate production and suppression of vaccenate biohydrogenation in cultures of mixed ruminal microbes. | to increase ruminal outflow of trans-vaccenic acid (t-va), a new strain of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (mdt-10) was isolated that has a great ability to hydrogenate linoleic acid (la) to t-va. when strain mdt-10 was added to the batch cultures of mixed ruminal microbes (1% of the total number of viable ruminal bacteria), la conversion to t-va increased greatly; after 3 h, t-va levels were > 4-fold higher than the control. by 10 h, all of the t-va was hydrogenated to stearic acid. however, when a n ... | 2006 | 16507700 |
| [ginkgo biloba--analysis and dosage forms]. | | 2005 | 1287670 |
| assessment of biases associated with profiling simple, model communities using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism-based analyses. | community profiles based on terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) analyses of amplified ribosomal rna genes are used to monitor changes in microbial community structure and are sometimes employed for semi-quantitative estimates of species richness and abundance in environmental samples. to assess the accuracy of t-rflp community profiles representing the relative abundance of bacteria in a sample, five species of ruminal bacteria were used to construct simple "communities". ... | 2006 | 16563536 |
| the effect of polysaccharide-degrading wine yeast transformants on the efficiency of wine processing and wine flavour. | commercial polysaccharase preparations are applied to winemaking to improve wine processing and quality. expression of polysaccharase-encoding genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae allows for the recombinant strains to degrade polysaccharides that traditional commercial yeast strains cannot. in this study, we constructed recombinant wine yeast strains that were able to degrade the problem-causing grape polysaccharides, glucan and xylan, by separately integrating the trichoderma reesei xyn2 xylanase ... | 2006 | 16644051 |
| occurrence of restriction-modification systems in ruminal butyrate-producing bacteria. | thirty-five strains of ruminal bacteria belonging to the former butyrivibrio fibrisolvens species were screened for the presence of site-specific restriction endonuclease and modification methyltransferase activities. seven strains possessed endonuclease activities detectable in crude cell extracts. the recognition sequences and optimal reaction conditions for seven of them were determined. five enzymes were found to be isoschizomers of type ii endonucleases (ecorv, nsii, asei (2x) and saui), on ... | 2005 | 16701584 |
| comparative analysis of sequences flanking tet(w) resistance genes in multiple species of gut bacteria. | tet(w) is one of the most abundant tetracycline resistance genes found in bacteria from the mammalian gut and was first identified in the rumen anaerobe butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 1.230, where it is highly mobile and its transfer is associated with the transposable chromosomal element tnb1230. in order to compare the genetic basis for tet(w) carriage in different bacteria, we studied sequences flanking tet(w) in representatives of seven bacterial genera originating in diverse gut environments. th ... | 2006 | 16870752 |
| effect of oral administration of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens mdt-1 on experimental enterocolitis in mice. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens mdt-1, a butyrate-producing strain, was evaluated for use as a probiotic to prevent enterocolitis. oral administration of the mdt-1 strain (10(9) cfu/dose) alleviated the symptoms of colitis (including body weight loss, diarrhea, bloody stool, organic disorder, and mucosal damage) that are induced in mice drinking water that contains 3.0% dextran sulfate sodium. in addition, myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity levels in colonic tissue were reduced, suggesting that mdt-1 miti ... | 2006 | 16988006 |
| cell-associated alpha-amylases of butyrate-producing firmicute bacteria from the human colon. | selected butyrate-producing bacteria from the human colon that are related to roseburia spp. and butyrivibrio fibrisolvens showed a good ability to utilize a variety of starches for growth when compared with the gram-negative amylolytic anaerobe bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. a major cell-associated amylase of high molecular mass (140-210 kda) was detected in each strain by sds-page zymogram analysis, and genes corresponding to these enzymes were analysed for two representative strains. amy13b fr ... | 2006 | 17074899 |
| expression of a beta-glucosidase gene results in increased accumulation of salicylic acid in transgenic nicotiana tabacum cv. xanthi-nc nn genotype. | a beta-glucosidase gene (bgla) from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens h17c was cloned into the binary vector pga482 under the control of the 35s cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) promoter. a second construct was generated for accumulation of the bgla gene product in the vacuole of transformed tobacco plants. reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that the bgla gene was expressed in 71% of cytosol-targeted and 67% of vacuole-targeted transgenic tobacco t(1) plants. t(1) trans ... | 2007 | 17082925 |
| effect of oral administration of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens mdt-1, a gastrointestinal bacterium, on 3-methylcholanthrene-induced tumor in mice. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens mdt-1 was evaluated for use as a probiotic to prevent tumor formation. oral administration of mdt-1 (10(9) cfu/dose, 3 times a wk for 15 wk) delayed the onset of tumors induced by 3-methylcholanthrene and also reduced tumor incidence in mice. furthermore, the numbers of natural killer (nk) and nkt cells in the spleen increased markedly in response to mdt-1 administration. increased numbers of nk and nkt cells may contribute to the alleviation of carcinogenesis by mdt-1 ... | 2007 | 17927507 |
| biochemistry of pufa double bond isomerases producing conjugated linoleic acid. | the biotransformation of linoleic acid (la) into conjugated linoleic acid (cla) by microorganisms is a potentially useful industrial process. in most cases, however, the identities of proteins involved and the details of enzymatic activity regulation are far from clear. here we summarize available data on the reaction mechanisms of cla-producing enzymes characterized until now, from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, lactobacillus acidophilus, ptilota filicina, and propionibacterium acnes. a general fea ... | 2008 | 18655062 |
| evaluation and characterization of bacterial metabolic dynamics with a novel profiling technique, real-time metabolotyping. | environmental processes in ecosystems are dynamically altered by several metabolic responses in microorganisms, including intracellular sensing and pumping, battle for survival, and supply of or competition for nutrients. notably, intestinal bacteria maintain homeostatic balance in mammals via multiple dynamic biochemical reactions to produce several metabolites from undigested food, and those metabolites exert various effects on mammalian cells in a time-dependent manner. we have established a ... | 2009 | 19287504 |
| effect of ph and level of concentrate in the diet on the production of biohydrogenation intermediates in a dual-flow continuous culture. | milk fat depression in cows fed high-grain diets has been related to an increase in the concentration of trans-10 c(18:1) and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in milk. these fatty acids (fa) are produced as a result of the alteration in rumen biohydrogenation of dietary unsaturated fa. because a reduction in ruminal ph is usually observed when high-concentrate diets are fed, the main cause that determines the alteration in the biohydrogenation pathways is not clear. the effect of p ... | 2009 | 19700707 |
| metabolism of conjugated linoleic acids and 18 : 1 fatty acids by ruminal bacteria: products and mechanisms. | cultures of ruminal bacteria known to metabolize unsaturated fatty acids were grown in medium containing 50 microg ml(-1) of geometric and positional isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) or 18 : 1 fatty acids and 37.4 % deuterium oxide to investigate the mechanisms responsible for fatty acid metabolism. butyrivibrio fibrisolvens jw11 converted cis-9,trans-11-18 : 2 and trans-9,trans-11-18 : 2 to trans-11-18 : 1 as the main product, labelled at c-9, and metabolized trans-10,cis-12-18 : 2 to ... | 2010 | 19926650 |
| the effect of replacing corn with glycerol on ruminal bacteria in continuous culture fermenters. | the effects of substituting corn with glycerol on dna concentration of selected ruminal bacteria were investigated using continuous fermenters. four continuous culture fermenters were used in a 4 × 4 latin square design with four 10 days consecutive periods. treatment diets (60:40 forage to concentrate) were fed at 45 g/day dry matter (dm) in three equal portions. glycerol (0.995 g/g glycerol) was used to replace corn in a grain mix at proportions of 0% (t0; control), 15% (t15), 30% (t30) and 45 ... | 2010 | 20880288 |