| outer membrane permeability and beta-lactamase stability of dipolar ionic cephalosporins containing methoxyimino substituents. | some enteric bacteria, such as enterobacter cloacae, can develop high-level resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins by overproducing their chromosomally encoded type i beta-lactamases. this is because these agents are hydrolyzed rapidly at pharmacologically relevant, low (0.1 to 1 microm), concentrations, owing to their high affinity for type i enzymes. in contrast, the more recently developed cephalosporins, with quaternary-nitrogen-containing substituents at the 3 position, show increased ... | 1990 | 2109581 |
| in vitro investigation of bk-218, a new oral and parenteral cephalosporin. | the antibacterial activity of bk-218 was similar to that of cefamandole when it was tested against several laboratory strains. the inhibiting effect of bk-218 was greater than that of cephalexin and cefoxitin on penicillin-binding proteins of escherichia coli hb101. this result was in close correlation with the relative inhibition of radiolabeled glucosamine incorporation (greatest with bk-218) and with the lytic effect (most intensive with bk-218). bk-218 proved to be a good inhibitor for all f ... | 1990 | 2109582 |
| determination of optimal dosage regimen for amikacin in healthy volunteers by study of pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activity. | the pharmacokinetics and serum killing curves of amikacin, which was administered by a 30-minute intravenous infusion of single doses of 7.5 mg/kg and then 15 mg/kg, were investigated in six healthy volunteers who received the two doses in a crossover study with a washout period of 20 days. the serum killing curves were determined for four bacterial species: escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. all strains were serum resistant, and the bacteric ... | 1990 | 2111658 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new quinolone sparfloxacin (ci-978, at-4140) against nosocomial gram-negative bloodstream isolates. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978, at-4140), a new quinolone which is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and nine other broad-spectrum antibiotics was tested against 128 gram-negative nosocomial bloodstream isolates from separate patients. sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were among the most potent antibiotics against escherichia coli (n = 40), enterobacter cloacae (n = 18), klebsiella oxytoca (n = 13), and klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 19), with mic90 values of less ... | 1990 | 2112467 |
| influence of the addition of mineral salts on the inhibitory activity of strains of the arthrinium genus. | the influence which the addition of certain mineral salts has on the inhibiting activity of strains belonging to the arthrinium genus was studied. the salts employed were agno3, fecl2, mncl2 and cuso4, in concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/l, in the presence of bacillus subtilis, enterobacter cloacae, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, candida albicans and aspergillus niger. for b. subtilis and s. aureus greater inhibition was observed ... | 1990 | 2120549 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1987). i. susceptibility distribution]. | since 1979, ikemoto et al. have been retrospectively surveying the sensitivity of major species of bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics. their findings for the past year are reported below. a total of 825 clinical strains of bacteria was investigated. of this total, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.0% (231 strains) and gram-negative bacteria for 72.0% (594 strains). taxonomically, escherichia coli accounted for 34.7% ... | 1990 | 2122040 |
| inhibitory activity of papain on facultative pathogens--short communication. | papain, a proteolytic enzyme obtained from papaya was found inhibitory on few facultative pathogens. while escherichia coli, staphylococcus albus, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae were inhibited at concentration from 200 ppm on the cell density of staphylococcus faecalis decreased only at higher concentration of papain (400-800 ppm). | 1990 | 2124762 |
| [bacteriologic control of total parenteral nutrition formulations at the bellvitge hospital]. | septic complications often lead to halting nutritional parenteral therapy. in general, the source of infection lies in the mixture, the connection and/or point of catheter insertion. the objective of this study is to show the need for bacteriological control throughout the parenteral nutrition process in order to assess the efficacy of the methods used, discover the source of infection and establish an in-house quality control. different methods for bacteriological control of parenteral nutritio ... | 1990 | 2127706 |
| [microbial growth in parenteral nutrition. ii. effects of osmolality]. | study on the behaviour of five microorganisms in different formulations of parenteral nutrition (pn) different from each other with regard to osmolarity. the organisms investigated were staphylococcus aureus (atcc (12600), bacillus subtilis (atcc 6051), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 9027), enterobacter cloacae (atcc 13047) y candida albicans (lsh 3156 d). it was observed no direct relation between microbial growth and osmolarity in pn. c. albicans showed the best growth in all the formulations te ... | 1990 | 2127724 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo antibacterial activities of e1040, a new cephalosporin with potent antipseudomonal activity. | e1040 is a new parenteral cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent activity against gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas aeruginosa. the in-vitro activities of e1040 against clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ent. aerogenes, providencia rettgeri, and morganella morganii were superior to those of ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefmenoxime, and cefuzonam. the activities of e1040 against gram-positive cocci were comparable with those of ceftazidime, but it was less a ... | 1990 | 2127928 |
| pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria: initial killing, morphology and postantibiotic effect. | the aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria by studying the in vitro postantibiotic effect (pae), initial killing and morphology. the pae of aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem, mecillinam and piperacillin on enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens was studied by use of bioluminescence assay of bacterial atp. the strains were exposed for 2 h to the ... | 1990 | 2129063 |
| [spondylodiscitis caused by enterobacter cloacae treated with cefixime]. | | 1990 | 2139954 |
| a randomized prospective study of ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with or without teicoplanin as an empiric antibiotic regimen for febrile neutropenic patients. | febrile neutropenic patients were randomized to receive ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with the addition of teicoplanin in cases with clinical suspicion of a hickman line-associated infection. at 48 h both clinical and bacteriological analyses were made. patients were categorized as: success, in cases of improvement or stability in the clinical condition; failure, if there was a deterioration of the clinical condition; and non-evaluable, in cases of protocol violation or death due to other causes ... | 1990 | 2149051 |
| [coliform bacteria in rinsed beer mugs--identification with the api 20 e system and resistance behavior]. | 653 11 beer mugs rinsed mechanically by conveyor belt dishwashing machines and 182 mugs cleaned in open vats were investigated for their content of faecal and total coliforms. ten and more faecal coliform germs could be detected in 4.7% of the mechanically rinsed tankards and in 12.1% of those cleaned in open vats. respectively, ten and more total coliforms were found in 30.3% and in 67.6%. altogether 213 coliform strains as defined by the german drinking water regulation were characterised bioc ... | 1990 | 2149435 |
| membrane-associated chromate reductase activity from enterobacter cloacae. | washed cells of enterobacter cloacae ho1 reduced hexavalent chromium (chromate: cro4(2-) anaerobically. chromate reductase activity was preferentially associated with the membrane fraction of the cells. right-side-out membrane vesicles prepared from e. cloacae cells showed high chromate reductase activities when ascorbate-reduced phenazine methosulfate was added as an electron donor. | 1990 | 2155208 |
| interactions of tazobactam and clavulanate with inducibly- and constitutively-expressed class i beta-lactamases. | clavulanate and tazobactam (ytr 830) were tested as inhibitors and inducers of the ampc-type class i beta-lactamases of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and the ic beta-lactamase of proteus vulgaris. both clavulanate and tazobactam inhibited the pr. vulgaris class ic beta-lactamase and potentiated ticarcillin and piperacillin against beta-lactamase derepressed variants of this species. tazobactam, but not clavulanate, al ... | 1990 | 2158496 |
| interaction of beta-lactamase inhibitors with various beta-lactamases. | the interaction of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam with various plasmid and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases from clinical isolates was studied. in each case inhibition of enzyme activity was observed to be progressive, i.e. the balance of the equilibrium between active and inactivated enzyme required 5 min. as expected, the clavam compound exhibited high affinity to all penicillinases including the enzyme from staphylococcus aureus, but the affinity ... | 1990 | 2159863 |
| mechanism of action of lomefloxacin. | the inhibition of supercoiling activity of reconstituted escherichia coli dna gyrase by lomefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin was determined. the concentrations of quinolones needed to inhibit dna synthesis in escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus were also measured. the kinetics of uptake of [14c]lomefloxacin and unlabeled lomefloxacin into whole cells of e. coli kl-16 and s. aureus nctc 8532 ... | 1990 | 2168142 |
| antibacterial activity of piperacillin and tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates. | the effectiveness of a combination of the recently developed penam sulphone tazobactam with piperacillin was studied in clinical isolates with defined beta-lactamase production. the combination was highly effective against piperacillin-resistant beta-lactamase-producing staphylococcus aureus, tem-1-producing escherichia coli and proteus vulgaris isolates. it was less effective against e. coli isolates producing the oxa-1 enzyme and marginally active against tem-1-producing klebsiella spp. isolat ... | 1990 | 2170081 |
| association of bacteria with the fungal fermentation of soybean tempe. | bacteria grew to viable populations of 10(8)-10(9) cfu/g during the fermentation of soybeans into tempe with the fungus, rhizopus oligosporus. bacillus pumilus and b. brevis were the predominant bacterial species, reaching populations of approximately 10(8) cfu/g during the 48 h fermentation. species of streptococcus faecium, lactobacillus casei, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae also contributed to the fermentation and achieved populations of 10(6)-10(7) cfu/g. | 1990 | 2179196 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the ecal dna methyltransferase. | the gene coding for the ggtnacc specific ecal dna methyltransferase (m.ecal) has been cloned in e. coli from enterobacter cloacae and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. the ecalm gene codes for a protein of 452 amino acids (mr: 51,111). it was determined that m.ecal is an adenine methyltransferase. m.ecal shows limited amino acid sequence similarity to other adenine methyltransferases. a clone that expresses ecal methyltransferase at high level was constructed. | 1990 | 2183182 |
| in vitro emergence of quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, and serratia marcescens. | norfloxacin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of several enterobacter cloacae and serratia marcescens isolates occurred at frequencies of greater than or equal to 10(-7)/cfu, which were higher than those of escherichia coli isolates, in accordance with the increasing emergence of less-susceptible or resistant strains in clinical isolates of e. cloacae and s. marcescens. | 1990 | 2183709 |
| multicenter in vitro comparison of piperacillin and nine other antibacterials against 1,629 clinical isolates. | the antibacterial spectrum of activity of piperacillin was compared with that of other antibiotics against isolates of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas maltophilia, serratia marcescens, enterococcus sp, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides bivius, and clostridium difficile obtained from laboratories at hospitals in st. louis, in memphis, and in newark, new jersey. of the 1,629 isolates tes ... | 1990 | 2183941 |
| therapeutic effects of cefpirome, a new cephalosporin, on various models of infections in mice and rats. | cefpirome (hr 810) is a new cephalosporin with a 2,3-cyclopentenopyridine group in the 3-position side chain. it was compared with other cephem antibiotics in protective and therapeutic effects on various experimental infections, systemic and local, in mice and rats. hr 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (caz), cefoperazone (cpz), and cefotaxime (ctx) on systemic infections induced by escherichia coli ec-31, staphylococcus aureus smith, and serratia marcescens sm-6 in mice. a ... | 1990 | 2190011 |
| molecular characterization of an enterobacter cloacae gene (roma) which pleiotropically inhibits the expression of escherichia coli outer membrane proteins. | the introduction of a newly cloned enterobacter cloacae chromosomal gene roma, into escherichia coli and e. cloacae resulted in enhancement of resistance to quinolones, beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. the primary effect of roma on a multicopy vector in e. coli was almost complete inhibition of ompf expression in the outer membrane. from the experiments with ompr and envz mutants or with ompf-lacz and ompc-lacz fusion plasmids, it was concluded that this inhibition is posttranscr ... | 1990 | 2193928 |
| [combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of multi-resistant strains. i. effect of sulbactam against beta-lactams resistant strains and in vitro combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone with each of piperacillin, latamoxef, ceftazidime, fosfomycin and doxycycline]. | we evaluated relationships between production of beta-lactamase and their resistances to beta-lactams, effect of sulbactam (sbt), a beta-lactamase inhibitor, against beta-lactam resistant strains, and combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone (sbt/cpz) with other antibiotics against multi-resistant strains. through these studies, we obtained the following results. 1. most of the strains resistant to beta-lactams were beta-lactamase producers. 2. relationships between the production of beta-lacta ... | 1990 | 2199689 |
| isolation and characterization of a beta-lactamase-inhibitory protein from streptomyces clavuligerus and cloning and analysis of the corresponding gene. | culture filtrates of streptomyces clavuligerus contain a proteinaceous beta-lactamase inhibitor (blip) in addition to a variety of beta-lactam compounds. blip was first detected by its ability to inhibit bactopenase, a penicillinase derived from bacillus cereus, but it has also been shown to inhibit the plasmid puc- and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases of escherichia coli. blip showed no inhibitory effect against enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase, and it also showed no activity against a ... | 1990 | 2203736 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem ljc10,627. | in in vitro susceptibility tests the new carbapenem ljc10,627 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, except that most methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains tested were found to be resistant to ljc10,627. ljc10,627 showed high activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa and was active against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii strains which were resistant to ceftazidime and cefpirome. the ki values of ljc10,627 for penicillinase ... | 1990 | 2209630 |
| influence of cefotaxime on microbial colonization resistance in healthy volunteers. | the influence of cefotaxime 1000 mg given intravenously bd on microbial colonization resistance was investigated in six healthy volunteers. administration of cefotaxime allowed colonization of the bowel by a resistant challenge strain of enterobacter cloacae in all volunteers. the faecal concentration of aerobic flora increased significantly in five of six volunteers. in one the numbers of gram-negative bacilli, enterococci and yeasts also increased. in the other four the faecal concentration of ... | 1990 | 2211432 |
| hemolysin as a marker for serratia. | all serratia marcescens strains (total of 33) of different sources were hemolytic including clinical strains previously classified as being nonhemolytic. dna fragments of the two hemolysin genes hybridized with the chromosomal dna of s. marcescens, s. liquefaciens, s. kiliensis, s. grimesii, s. proteamaculans, s. plymutica, s. rubridaea which were also hemolytic. the restriction pattern of the hemolysin locus differed in each strain. s. ficaria and s. marinorubra expressed a different hemolysin ... | 1990 | 2222120 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522. | the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ... | 1990 | 2226499 |
| nucleotide sequence of the serratia marcescens sr50 chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene. | the serratia marcescens sr50 chromosomal beta-lactamase gene (ampc) was cloned and sequenced. it contains 1128 nucleotides encoding a protein of 355 amino acids preceded by 21 amino acids which probably constitutes the signal peptide. the mature protein has a predicted molecular mass of 38,901 da. about 40% of the amino acid sequence was identical among ampc beta-lactamases resided in s. marcescens, citrobacter freundii os60, escherichia coli k12 and enterobacter cloacae p99. all of these enzyme ... | 1990 | 2227364 |
| in-vitro antibacterial activity of dq-2556 and its stability to various beta-lactamases. | dq-2556, a new cephalosporin, showed a broad antibacterial spectrum over gram-positive and -negative organisms. the activity of dq-2556 against recent clinical isolates of gram-positive cocci and enterobacteriaceae was comparable with that of cefpirome, and superior to that of ceftazidime. dq-2556 was almost as active as cefpirome against pseudomonas aeruginosa, but was less active than ceftazidime. with the exception of ps. aeruginosa, dq-2556 was bactericidal against various organisms at eithe ... | 1990 | 2228824 |
| effect of ceftazidime and gentamicin on the oropharyngeal and faecal flora of patients with haematological malignancies. | thirty-four patients with haematological malignancies were studied to investigate the effect of empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy (ceftazidime and gentamicin) on the gastro-intestinal flora. twenty-five patients with acute myeloid leukaemia or post-autologous bone-marrow transplantation were given framycetin, nystatin and colistin (fracon), and two patients with non-hodgkin's lymphoma were on co-trimoxazole, as long-term gut prophylaxis. semi-quantitative microbiology was carried out o ... | 1990 | 2228830 |
| [studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (iv). antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infections visiting 21 private clinics in the tohoku district of japan]. | we determined the mics of ampicillin, methicillin, cefaclor, cefixime, cefteram, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against a total of 1,448 strains from 11 species: 464 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 306 strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, 114 strains of streptococcus pyogenes, 37 strains of branhamella catarrhalis, 329 strains of haemophilus influenzae, 32 strains of escherichia coli, 66 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, 26 strains of enterobacter cloacae, 20 strains of serratia marcescens, 12 st ... | 1990 | 2243194 |
| pefloxacin efficacy in gram-negative bacillary meningitis. | sixteen patients with acute meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria were treated with pefloxacin intravenously. the age range of the patient group was six months to 85 years with a mean age of 40 years; three patients were children. in all but two patients meningitis was a complication of neurosurgical operations and fourteen of the sixteen had received prior therapy which was not successful. the causative organisms were: pseudomonas aeruginosa (5), acinetobacter calcoaceticus (4), klebsiell ... | 1990 | 2258348 |
| double-blind comparison of pefloxacin and cefazolin as prophylaxis in elective cardiovascular surgery. | a total of 162 patients (134 males and 28 females) scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (144) or valve surgery (18) were randomly assigned to receive, under double-blind conditions, either pefloxacin 400 mg iv or cefazolin 1.0 g 30 min before the surgical incision and then post-operatively 12-hourly x 4 or 6-hourly x 8, respectively. positive per- and post-operative cultures were seen in 27 patients (11 pefloxacin, 16 cefazolin) and 47 micro-organisms were isolated: 34 per-operatively ( ... | 1990 | 2258355 |
| influence of freezing-thawing and refrigeration on r-plasmid (prpj24) stability in enterobacter cloacae 94r. | the effect of twenty freezing (-20 degrees c) and thawing cycles of enterobacter cloacae 94r cells containing the r-plasmid prpj24 inoculated into broth and ground beef meat samples revealed no loss of resistance due to plasmid instability. in addition, low temperature storage at 4 degrees c did not produce any significant loss of the tetracycline and kanamycin resistances encoded on the prpj24 plasmid. the results of this study indicated that indigenous r-plasmids like prpj24 are stable in resi ... | 1990 | 2261316 |
| in vitro effect of chlorhexidine and amikacin on oral gram-negative bacilli from bone marrow transplant recipients. | prophylactic use of chlorhexidine (chx) mouthrinses has been shown to benefit the oral health status of bone marrow transplant recipients and other immunosuppressed persons and to reduce systemic complications of oral origin. however, a problem that often emerges with these patients is oropharyngeal and lower respiratory tract colonization by opportunistic aerobic or facultative gram-negative bacilli (gnb). trends in four studies indicated that chx rinses may predispose these persons to oral col ... | 1990 | 2263328 |
| cefotaxime and aminoglycoside treatment of meningitis caused by gram-negative enteric organisms. | we reviewed cases of gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis in infants and children treated with cefotaxime at texas children's hospital from january, 1984, through june, 1989. seventeen of 20 children had an underlying condition predisposing to the development of meningitis. the etiologic organisms in these 20 children (2 days to 12 years old; median, 12 days old) were klebsiella sp, 9; escherichia coli, 4; enterobacter cloacae, 3; citrobacter diversus, 2; other, 2. with the exception of on ... | 1990 | 2263430 |
| survival of bacteria during aerosolization. | one form of commercial application of microorganisms, including genetically engineered microorganisms is as an aerosol. to study the effect of aerosol-induced stress on bacterial survival, nonrecombinant spontaneous antibiotic-resistant mutants of four organisms, enterobacter cloacae, erwinia herbicola, klebsiella planticola, and pseudomonas syringae, were sprayed in separate experiments in a greenhouse. samples were collected over a distance of 15 m from the spray site for enumeration. spores o ... | 1990 | 2268156 |
| use of electrospray mass spectrometry to directly observe an acyl enzyme intermediate in beta-lactamase catalysis. | electrospray mass spectrometry was used to directly observe intact acyl enzyme complexes formed between a class c beta-lactamase (from enterobacter cloacae p99) and four poor substrates/inhibitors. in each case the molecular weight difference between the unreacted and the reacted beta-lactamase was consistent with the formation of an acyl enzyme. | 1990 | 2269358 |
| the effect of physical and microbiological factors on food container leakage. | the effect of physical and microbiological factors on food container leakage was investigated in a container leakage model system (clms). the leakage of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, staphylococcus sp., pseudomonas sp., bacillus sp., a coryneform, staph. aureus, and two biotest organisms (enterobacter cloacae nc1b 8151 and ent. aerogenes mb31) was studied. the rate of bacterial leakage (log10 cells/channel/s) was greater in the presence of a partial vacuum of 51-305 mm hg than at atmospheric pres ... | 1990 | 2272940 |
| microbial transformation of styrene by anaerobic consortia. | methanogenic microbial consortia, originally enriched from anaerobic sewage sludge with ferulic acid or styrene (vinylbenzene) as sole organic carbon and energy sources, were used to study transformation of styrene under strictly anaerobic conditions. styrene, which was added as the substrate in a range of concentrations from 0.1 to 10 mmol/l, was extensively degraded but no methane production was observed during incubation for eight months. the addition of yeast extract during the enrichment st ... | 1990 | 2272946 |
| antibacterial activity in the hemolymph of myriapods (arthropoda). | the hemolymphs of two diplopod (chicobolus sp. and rhapidostreptus virgator) and two chilopod species (lithobius forficatus and scolopendra cingulata) were tested for the presence of antibacterial substances using petri dish tests. the native hemolymph of all species had substances acting on living micrococcus luteus, whereas only rhapidostreptus, scolopendra, and lithobius were effective against lyophilized micrococcus. the antibacterial activity against living micrococcus increased after inocu ... | 1990 | 2273286 |
| [cefoperazone--possibility of safer treatment for infections in patients with chronic renal failure]. | cefoperazone was used in the treatment of infections in 13 cases of chronic renal failure. in 8 cases recurrent urinary tract infections were diagnosed, septicaemia in 3 cases, pneumonia in 2. cefoperazone 2-4 g daily was a very effective and well tolerated drug. only one therapeutic failure was noted in a patient with mixed urinary tract infection (strains of enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae). no side effects developed, and in patients in the phase of moderate renal failure some d ... | 1990 | 2275197 |
| induction of beta-lactamases: in vitro phenomena and clinical relevance. | an in vitro model was used to stimulate the plasma concentration-time curves for cefotaxime and cefoxitin as they would appear during treatment of patients with infections due to enterobacter cloacae and proteus vulgaris. the data showed that the induction of the chromosomally mediated beta-lactamase took place in both bacteria but that it had little or no effect on the bacterial kill. it is concluded that treatment failures in these settings were due to the selection of resistant mutants. | 1990 | 2282970 |
| the role of microorganisms in psoriasis. | the microflora of 297 psoriasis patients was extensively examined. throat, urine, and skin surfaces from scalp, ears, chest, face, axillary, submammary, umbilical, upper back, inguinal crease, gluteal-fold, perirectal, vaginal, pubis, penis, scrotal, leg, hands, feet, finger, and toenail areas were cultured for aerobic bacteria, yeast, and dermatophytes. antibody levels to streptococcal enzymes were performed (streptolysin-o, dnase-b, hyaluronidase, streptozyme). giemsa smears and koh preparatio ... | 1990 | 2285571 |
| intravenous ofloxacin in severe infections. | the efficacy and tolerance of intravenous ofloxacin was studied in 70 patients suffering from soft tissue infections (n = 33), intra-abdominal abscesses (n = 14), septicaemia (n = 12), pneumonia (n = 9) and brucellosis (n = 2). the average daily dose was 6 mg/kg divided into two doses. pathogens treated included enterobacter cloacae (n = 14), escherichia coli (n = 12), staphylococcus aureus (n = 13), pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 11), klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 10), enterococcus faecalis (n = 8) a ... | 1990 | 2286587 |
| [nosocomial infection by new quinolone resistant enterobacter cloacae]. | for the past two years, five strains of new quinolone resistant enterobacter cloacae have been isolated from three patients in our hospital; strain a was isolated from patient a, strain b from patient b, and strains c1, c2, c3 from patient c. these five strains were resistant to new quinolones and other antimicrobial agents including ampicillin, piperacillin, methicillin, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, kanamycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, minocycline, and chloramphenicol. plasmid dna profiles on agar ... | 1990 | 2286783 |
| [clinical study of s 6472 in urinary tract infection]. | clinical studies on s 6472, a longer lasting preparation of cefaclor (ccl), were performed and the following results were obtained. s 6472 was administered orally to 102 patients with urinary tract infections including 16 with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis, 32 with acute uncomplicated cystitis, 31 with complicated pyelonephritis and 23 with complicated cystitis. 95 patients were treated with 375 mg of s 6472 2 times daily and 7 patients were treated with 750 mg of s 6472 2 times daily. the ... | 1990 | 2287054 |
| [susceptibility of clinically isolated bacterial strains to imipenem/cilastatin sodium]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (imipenem) and other beta-lactams against clinically isolated 353 bacterial strains were investigated. the results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. imipenem (ipm) showed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive cocci such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus agalactiae. 2. ipm had inferior or equivalent antibacterial activities to beta-lactams aga ... | 1990 | 2287059 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. reported by the research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antibacterial agents at 64 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory and the tests were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls in which susceptibilities are classified into "s", "ms", "i" and "r". ipm showed markedly high in vit ... | 1990 | 2287060 |
| in vitro activity against clinically important gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of sulbactam, alone and in combination with ampicillin, cefotaxime, mezlocillin, and piperacillin. | the in vitro effects of the single agents, and the synergistic/antagonistic action of three different combinations of ampicillin (amp, cas 69-53-4), cefotaxime (ctx, cas 63527-52-6), mezlocillin (mez, cas 51481-65-3), and piperacillin (pip, cas 61477-96-1) with the beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam (sul, cas 68373-14-8) were determined against 675 gram-positive and gram-negative, both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. all the combinations of sulbactam and the antibiotics (1: 1, 1:2 and 1:4) exhib ... | 1990 | 2291754 |
| [enterobacter cloacae infections at the regional hospital in tromsø]. | enterobacter cloacae was isolated from 69 patients hospitalized at the university hospital of tromsø, norway, during a period of 18 months. the total lethality was 11.6% (8/69) and death occurred most often in patients with a serious underlying condition. death due to septicaemia occurred in 4/10 patients. multiple beta-lactam resistant strains were present in 15 patients and were associated with septicaemiae (7/10, p less than 0.0005). cephalosporin treatment had been given to every third patie ... | 1990 | 2309176 |
| manganese as a controlling factor in mixed cultures of lactobacillus plantarum and enterobacteriaceae. | addition of manganese, at levels of 50 ppm, to a liquid growth medium simulating adverse silage conditions had no effect on the growth or on the fermentation pattern of enterobacter cloacae and proteus vulgaris. yet, the manganese strongly enhanced the growth of lactobacillus plantarum. co-cultures of l. plantarum and e. cloacae or p. vulgaris were, by addition of manganese ions, significantly altered in the favour of the former. this finding can be of use in mixed cultures where enterobacteriac ... | 1990 | 2321928 |
| eclxi, a novel isoschizomer of xmaiii from enterobacter cloacae 590 recognizing 5'-c/ggccg-3'. | | 1990 | 2326178 |
| in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, a dual-action cephalosporin, compared with activities of other antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, which is desacetyl-cefotaxime linked to fleroxacin, was compared with the activities of cefotaxime, desacetyl-cefotaxime, fleroxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. it inhibited the majority of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, except for some serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and enterobacter cloacae strains, at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml and had an mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) of 8 micrograms/ml against pseudomonas aeru ... | 1990 | 2327765 |
| molecular epidemiology of tem-3 (ctx-1) beta-lactamase. | a total of 33 clinical isolates encoding tem-3 (ctx-1) from four french hospitals were studied. the strains belonged to seven species, klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 24), escherichia coli (n = 3), serratia marcescens (n = 2), citrobacter freundii (n = 1), enterobacter aerogenes (n = 1), enterobacter cloacae (n = 1), and klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1). all the strains harbored an inc7 or m self-transferable plasmid with a size of approximately 85 kilobases. the plasmids had closely related ecori, hincii, ... | 1990 | 2327769 |
| chromate-resistance in a chromate-reducing strain of enterobacter cloacae. | resistance to toxic hexavalent chromium (chromate: cro4(2)) in enterobacter cloacae strain ho1, isolated from an activated sludge sample, was investigated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. decreased uptake of 51cro4(2-) in e. cloacae strain ho1 was observed under aerobic conditions, when compared with a standard laboratory e. cloacae strain (iam 1624). under anaerobic conditions e. cloacae strain ho1 was able to reduce hexavalent chromium to the less toxic trivalent form. when e. clocacae ... | 1990 | 2328912 |
| [hiv-associated infections: indications and importance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy]. | in 32 patients infected with hiv with unclear fever and/or pulmonary infiltraes, a fiberbronchoscopy (fb), with transbronchial lung biopsies (tbb) and bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) was carried out. thirteen of these patients had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), three patients tuberculosis of the lungs, two patients pneumococcal pneumonia, and one patient each had a staphylococcal pneumonia, an enterobacter cloacae pneumonia, and an unspecific alveolitis. thus, 66% of the patients proved diag ... | 1990 | 2367404 |
| emergence of resistance to multiple beta-lactams in enterobacter cloacae during treatment for neonatal meningitis with cefotaxime. | | 1990 | 2371083 |
| influence of amoxycillin on microbial colonization resistance in healthy volunteers. a methodological study. | the influence of amoxycillin 500 mg tid on microbial colonization resistance was investigated in 11 healthy volunteers. analysis was performed in each volunteer individually. in the first five volunteers we investigated the influence of amoxycillin on the faecal concentration of gram-negative bacilli, enterococci and yeasts and on spontaneously occurring secondary colonization. in the next six volunteers we also investigated the influence of amoxycillin on colonization resistance against amoxyci ... | 1990 | 2373668 |
| [clinical and pharmacokinetic studies on aztreonam in neonates]. | clinical and pharmacokinetic studies on aztreonam (azt) were performed in neonates. the results are summarized as follows: a total of 6 cases consisting of 5 mature and 1 low-birth-weight infants was clinically evaluated. azt 20 mg/kg was administered 2-3 times daily, via 1 hour intravenous drip infusion for 6-21 days. concomitantly, vancomycin (vcm) 15 mg/kg was administered to 1 case 3 times daily, via 1 hour intravenous drip infusion for 3 days and ampicillin (abpc) 20-50 mg/kg to 3 cases 3 t ... | 1990 | 2374292 |
| a prospective study of long-term use of amikacin in a paediatrics department. indications, administration, side-effects, bacterial isolates and resistance. | amikacin (amikin; b-m) was used as the only aminoglycoside for 18 months in a paediatric department within a general hospital because of high levels of resistance of klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter cloacae isolates to tobramycin, gentamicin and netilmicin. between 1 february 1987 and 31 july 1988, 816 children were treated with a slow intravenous injection at a standardised dose adjusted for weight and age. respiratory disease was present in 35.8% of 537 neonates, ... | 1990 | 2382175 |
| direct introduction of a formamido group into the 7 alpha (6 alpha)-position of cephalosporins (penicillins). | a novel direct introduction of a formamido group into the 7 alpha (6 alpha)-position of cephalosporins (penicillins) was achieved by treatment of 7 beta (6 beta)-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1- ylidene)methylimino]cephem (penam) esters with n,n-bis(trimethylsilyl)formamide, followed by deblocking with girard reagent t to give the corresponding 7 alpha (6 alpha)-formamido-7 beta (6 beta)-amino derivatives. three 7 alpha-formamidocephalosporins were prepared by the conventional n-ac ... | 1990 | 2387776 |
| antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine in a controlled release delivery system. | chlorhexidine is widely used as a mouth rinse in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases and dental caries. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine in a controlled release delivery system. the controlled release dispenser comprised a polymeric inner core matrix containing the medicament with an outer vinyl membrane controlling the drug release. the effect on the following bacteria was studied: actinobacillus actinomycetemco ... | 1990 | 2390965 |
| in vitro comparison of mezlocillin and piperacillin plus tobramycin or gentamicin versus 100 gram-negative nosocomial bloodstream isolates. | we compared the in vitro activity of mezlocillin and piperacillin, alone and in combination with tobramycin or gentamicin, against clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli from hospitalized patients with 100 distinct episodes of nosocomial bacteremia. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) necessary to inhibit 50% and 90% of isolates showed that piperacillin was most active against pseudomonas aeruginosa. the mic needed to inhibit 90% of isolates also showed that mezlocillin was more act ... | 1990 | 2403216 |
| three-year experience with sonicated vascular catheter cultures in a clinical microbiology laboratory. | using a quantitative sonication method, we cultured 1,681 consecutive vascular catheters submitted to a clinical microbiology laboratory in a 36-month period. a total of 46% of the cultures were positive; the most common organisms isolated were coagulase-negative staphylococci (36.4%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.9%), enterococci (10.0%), yeasts (9.2%), staphylococcus aureus (5.8%), and enterobacter species (4.4%). the frequencies of positive blood cultures within 48 h prior to a positive cathete ... | 1990 | 2405016 |
| comparison of the exoproducts of gram-negative bacteria by sds-page. | the protein exoproducts released during exponential growth of gram-negative bacteria were analysed and compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the following bacterial strains were tested: escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, serratia liquefaciens, serratia rubidaea, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, salmonella minnesota, pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas fluorescens. it is demonstrated by sds-page t ... | 1985 | 2408403 |
| induction of germ-line anti-alpha 1-3 dextran antibody responses in mice by members of the enterobacteriaceae family. | a large panel of enteric organisms was screened for agglutination with a panel of lambda monoclonal antibodies of different heavy chain isotypes specific for alpha 1-3 dextran (dex). two strains were initially isolated that were bound by most of the anti-dex antibodies. one organism, enterobacter cloacae strain mk7, which was characterized in detail, induced a typical lambda anti-dex response in igh-ca mice that had a fine idiotope profile comparable with that induced by purified b1355s dextran ... | 1985 | 2413122 |
| pericarditis in the course of acute leukemia. | among 140 patients with acute leukemia (al) diagnosed according to fab criteria, pericarditis was diagnosed clinically in 5 of them. they were 2 women and 3 men with different types of al (l2-in one, m2-in one, m3-in one and m4-in two persons). it occurred in one patient at the onset of the disease and was associated with hyperuricemia, in another one--in complete remission, in the third--during partial remission, and in remaining two patients--during induction therapy. in all patients pericardi ... | 1987 | 2440778 |
| non-ige-dependent bacteria-induced histamine release from human lung and tonsillar mast cells. | a wide spectrum of formalin-killed bacteria have been tested for their ability to release histamine from human dispersed lung and tonsillar mast cells. escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, staphylococcus epidermidis, proteus vulgaris, klebsiella oxytoca and k. pneumoniae were the most effective histamine releasers. further studies on tonsillar mast cells showed that e. coli-induced histamine release differed from ige-dependent release with respect to its kinetics, temperature and ph profiles ... | 1987 | 2441900 |
| pore formation by pho-controlled outer-membrane proteins of various enterobacteriaceae in lipid bilayers. | the structural genes of the phoe porins of klebsiella pneumonia, enterobacter cloacae and escherichia coli c, cloned in multicopy plasmids, were transfered into a porin-deficient e. coli k-12 strain, which was constitutive for the pho regulon, and the phoe porins were isolated and purified. phoe of salmonella typhimurium could not be cloned but was isolated from a pho-constitutive strain. reconstitution experiments with artificial lipid bilayer membranes showed that the different phoe proteins f ... | 1988 | 2453363 |
| bacterial lysis of fibrin seal in vitro. | we performed an in vitro study to determine whether certain bacteria may lyse a commercially available fibrin seal (beriplast, behringwerke, marburg, frg). fibrinogen solution was mixed with actively growing bacterial cultures, and thrombin was added. during 20 days of incubation at 37 degrees c complete lysis was observed with a number of different bacteria, however, at different rates. complete lysis within 1-5 days was observed for the following species (number of strains in parentheses): str ... | 1988 | 2456934 |
| effects of increased major histocompatibility complex dosage on chicken monocyte-macrophage function. | the influence of major histocompatibility complex (b complex) dosage on monocyte-macrophage function was examined using 4- to 6-week-old trisomic strain chickens. di- (b15b15), tri- (b15b15b15), and tetrasomic (b15b15b15b15) progeny were produced from trisomic x trisomic crosses. although mononuclear leukocytes from tetrasomics exhibited enhanced chemotactic activity in response to both f-met-leu-phe and enterobacter cloacae culture supernatant as compared with that of cells from other groups, t ... | 1989 | 2464833 |
| structure of the o-specific polysaccharide from enterobacter cloacae strain n.c.t.c. 11579 (serogroup o10). | the o-specific polysaccharide from the reference strain (n.c.t.c. 11579) for enterobacter cloacae serogroup o10 has been isolated and characterised. by means of n.m.r. spectroscopy and methylation analysis, and by studies of the products obtained by smith degradation or by n-deacetylation-deamination, the repeating unit of the polysaccharide could be allocated the structure shown. the polysaccharides from two cross-reacting serogroups (o9 and o11) have the same monosaccharide composition. (formu ... | 1989 | 2472202 |
| purification of a class c a-type beta-lactamase from a derepressed strain of enterobacter cloacae. comparison of the wild-type and mutant enzyme with those from strains p99, 208 and gn7471. | enterobacter cloacae strain 5822 expresses low levels of a class c beta-lactamase which can be induced 100-fold by imipenem. mutants that constitutively express high levels of beta-lactamase can be selected on aztreonam or cefotaxime. the beta-lactamase from one such mutant (5822m2) has been purified to homogeneity and compared on the basis of subunit mr, pi, substrate specificity, inhibitor sensitivity and immunological cross-reactivity with the enzyme from strains p99, gn7471 and 208, which ha ... | 1989 | 2475102 |
| [the bacteriological control of tpn mixtures at the hospital de bellvitge]. | the complications of sepsis often make it necessary to suspend nutritional therapy. the origin of these is the nutritive mixture as well as the catheter connection and/or point where it has been inserted. the aim of this study is to show the need for bacteriological control of the whole process, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the methods used, dilucidate the origin of the sepsis and establish an internal quality control. study of different methods for bacteriological control of the nu ... | 1989 | 2485355 |
| [a microbial growth study in parenteral nutrition]. | study on the behaviour of five microorganisms in different formulations of parenteral nutrition (pn) different from each other with regard to the presence or absence of lipids and the addition of vitamins or oligoelements. the bacteria investigated were staphylococcus aureus (atcc 12600), bacillus subtilis (atcc 6051), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 9027) and enterobacter cloacae (atcc 13047), as well as candida albicans (lsh 3156 d). it was observed that c. albicans grew well in all types of pn t ... | 1989 | 2485358 |
| [activity of cefpirome against bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients]. | the activity of cefpirome (hr 810) was evaluated against 247 strains isolated from patients developing their infections while in a hospital in buenos aires. its activity against gram negative bacilli was compared with ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cephalotin, piperacillin, amikacin, gentamicin and norfloxacin. in terms of mic50 and mic90 (mg/l) it was as follows: klebsiella pneumoniae: less than 0.125, less than 2.0; pseudomonas aeruginosa: less than 8, less than 16; escherichia coli: less than 0.01 ... | 1989 | 2487748 |
| sequence of the pseudomonas aeruginosa trpi activator gene and relatedness of trpi to other procaryotic regulatory genes. | in pseudomonas aeruginosa, the trpi gene product regulates the expression of the trpba gene pair encoding tryptophan synthase. trpi and trpba are transcribed divergently. the trpi dna sequence and deduced amino acid sequence were determined. the trpi start codon was found to be 103 base pairs from that of trpb. trpi encodes a 293-residue protein and the size of the trpi gene product, measured on sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gels, was close to that calculated from the amino acid sequence. ... | 1989 | 2492495 |
| product of the lactococcus lactis gene required for malolactic fermentation is homologous to a family of positive regulators. | malolactic fermentation is a secondary fermentation that many lactic acid bacteria can carry out when l-malate is present in the medium. the activation of the malolactic system in lactococcus lactis is mediated by a locus we call mler. induction of the genes necessary to perform malolactic fermentation occurs only in bacteria with a functional copy of mler. the mler gene consists of one open reading frame capable of coding for a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 33,813 daltons. the ami ... | 1989 | 2498286 |
| contaminated enteral nutrition solutions as a cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection: a study using plasmid fingerprinting. | in july 1984, two patients fed enteral nutrition solutions contaminated with enterobacter cloacae developed nosocomial bacteremia. despite careful review of the preparation procedures as well as repeated microbiological surveys, 83 (27%) of the 309 formula bottles tested over a 1-yr period were contaminated and the source of contamination remained unknown. e. cloacae was the most frequent organism isolated (34%). the plasmid profiles of e. cloacae recovered from enteral nutrition solutions remai ... | 1989 | 2503632 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of cefetamet and in vivo activity of its orally absorbable ester derivative, cefetamet pivoxil. | the in vitro activity of cefetamet, the microbiologically active metabolite of the orally administered prodrug cefetamet pivoxil, was compared with that of cephalexin, cefaclor, cefuroxime and amoxicillin. cefetamet was highly active against enterobacteriaceae, neisseria spp., vibrio spp., haemophilus influenzae and streptococci other than enterococci. cefetamet inhibited cefaclor-resistant species such as proteus vulgaris, providencia stuartii, providencia rettgeri and serratia marcescens. stap ... | 1989 | 2504597 |
| dactimicin, a new aminoglycoside: in vitro activity, post-antibiotic effect and interaction with other antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of the new aminoglycoside dactimicin in comparison to amikacin was tested alone and in combination with piperacillin, mezlocillin and ceftazidime against freshly isolated clinical pathogens. dactimicin was more active than amikacin against enterobacter cloacae, providencia rettgeri and salmonella spp., and less active than amikacin against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter anitratus. using the checkerboard technique, the combination of either dactim ... | 1989 | 2506028 |
| in vitro activity of lomefloxacin against multiply resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, and staphylococcus epidermidis. | lomefloxacin is a promising new difluorinated quinolone with good antimicrobial activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. the in vitro activity of lomefloxacin was compared to other quinolones, expanded spectrum beta-lactams, and gentamicin. the lomefloxacin mic90 against multiply resistant strains of p. aeruginosa was 4 mcg/ml, comparable to norfloxacin and ofloxacin. lomefloxacin was also active against methicillin-resistant s. epidermidis and jk corynebacteria. the role of lomefloxac ... | 1989 | 2507220 |
| [investigations on the etiology of sepsis by using an experimental mouse model with leukocytopenia. 2. the role of the reticuloendothelial system in the etiology of bacteremia]. | it has been recognized by clinical data that most of sepsis occurring in the immunocompromised host are endogenous infection. in recent years, we have investigated the mechanism of these bacteremia and sepsis by experimental studies using neutropenic mice treated with cyclophosphamide. and we evidenced that most pathogens causing bacteremia originated in the intestinal flora of the host. it has been shown that bacteria causing bacteremia were divided into two main groups, causing systemic bacter ... | 1989 | 2507683 |
| [susceptibility of clinical isolates to aztreonam]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of 9 antibiotics including aztreonam (azt) against clinically isolated gram-negative bacteria were determined using mic-2000 plus system. bacteria were isolated from clinical materials in saga medical school during a period from may 1987 to march 1988. summarized results were as follows: 1. azt showed excellent antibacterial activities against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus sp. and haemophilus influenzae, and mic80 values of azt against these o ... | 1989 | 2507799 |
| the emergence of beta-lactam resistance among strains of enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the development of multiresistant bacterial strains associated with the use of the new beta-lactam antibiotic agents has prompted investigation into the mechanisms involved. factors influencing beta-lactamase production, alterations of target-protein structure or production and decreases in bacterial outer membrane permeability have been identified as the three general mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance in aerobic gram-negative bacteria. because there is no dna interaction by beta-lactam agent ... | 1989 | 2510122 |
| endotoxemia and human liver transplantation. | ninety liver transplantations were performed in 81 patients. plasma endotoxin was measured preoperatively, at the end of the anhepatic phase, and on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7. the presence of high endotoxin levels preoperatively and at the end of the anhepatic period was associated with graft failure and a high mortality. patients with primary nonfunction of their transplants typically had severe endotoxemia. endotoxemia could be a cause rather than an effect of perioperative complications ... | 1989 | 2510378 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem sm-7338. | the in vitro activity of the new carbapenem sm-7338 was tested in comparison with imipenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, flomoxef, cefuzonam and cefmetazole against 2850 clinical bacterial isolates. sm-7338 showed good activity against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. sm-7338 was very active against gram-negative bacteria, inhibiting all enterobacteriaceae, except 25% of serratia marcescens isolates, at a concentration of 0.78 mg/l. sm-7338 inhibited the majority of pseu ... | 1989 | 2512140 |
| antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of mdl 19,592, an oral cephalosporin. | we compared the in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of mdl 19,592, an orally absorbed cephalosporin, with that of cephalexin and cefaclor. it inhabited staphylococcus aureus at less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml, streptococcus pyogenes at 0.25 microgram/ml, sero groups b, c and g streptococci at 1 microgram/ml, and streptococcus pneumoniae at 2 micrograms/ml. it was slightly more active than cefaclor and cephalexin. mdl 19,592 did not significantly inhibit enterobacteriaceae, enter ... | 1989 | 2515027 |
| multiorgan failure from the inadvertent intravenous administration of enteral feeding. | nasogastric tube-feeding was inadvertently administered parenterally to a 65-year-old woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. administration was discontinued after approximately 8 hr of infusion. the patient manifested acute renal failure, respiratory failure, hepatic insufficiency, and high-output septic shock requiring invasive hemodynamic monitoring, peritoneal dialysis, mechanical ventilation, and broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics. blood cultures were positive for alpha-hemolytic strep ... | 1989 | 2515314 |
| the microbial ecology of soybean soaking for tempe production. | soybeans soaked in tap water for 24 to 36 h at 20, 30 or 37 degrees c underwent a natural fermentation that was characterized by the growth of microorganisms to 10(8)-10(10) cfu/ml (depending on temperature) and a reduction of ph from 6.5 to 4.5. lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecium, staphylococcus epidermidis and streptococcus dysgalactiae dominated the fermentation but, significant contributions were also made by klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella ozaenae, enterobacter cloacae, enterobact ... | 1989 | 2518226 |
| [detection of hyperproduction of chromosomal beta-lactamase in strains of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas aeruginosa]. | in order to show up the hyperproduction of chromosomic beta-lactamases in strains of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa we have tested a variant of a technique proposed by medeiros et al. it is a qualitative technique and, the modification introduced allows errors of interpretation to be avoided, when the strain is a producer of plasmidic beta-lactamase. it is based on evaluating the amount of beta-lactamase in a culture, measured in time taken for the hydrolysis of nitrocefin, with o ... | 1989 | 2518766 |
| resistance emerging after pefloxacin therapy of experimental enterobacter cloacae peritonitis. | resistance emerging after pefloxacin therapy was investigated in an experimental enterobacter cloacae infection. mice were inoculated intraperitoneally (mean inoculum, 0.9 x 10(8) cfu) with one of four strains initially susceptible to quinolones and treated with a single 25-mg/kg dose of pefloxacin. this therapy produced a net decrease of bacterial counts in the peritoneal fluid, but with the of the isolates, posttherapy (pt1) strains emerged with decreased susceptibilities to quinolones (4- to ... | 1989 | 2548441 |
| nucleotide sequence of the aacc2 gene, a gentamicin resistance determinant involved in a hospital epidemic of multiply resistant members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | a gentamicin resistance determinant of a conjugative plasmid from enterobacter cloacae was cloned on a 3.2-kilobase fragment in the psti site of pbr322. substrate profiles for eight aminoglycosides at three concentrations showed that the resistance was due to aminoglycoside-(3)-n-acetyltransferase isoenzyme ii. insertion mapping by the gamma-delta transposon revealed that the size of the gene was approximately 1 kilobase. nucleotide sequencing of the aacc2 gene identified an open reading frame o ... | 1989 | 2552900 |
| type 3 fimbriae among enterobacteria and the ability of spermidine to inhibit mr/k hemagglutination. | the distribution of the gene cluster encoding type 3 fimbriae among various isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae was investigated by using 112 clinical and nonclinical isolates. closely related dna sequences were detected in all klebsiella strains, in most enterobacter isolates, in a smaller number of escherichia coli and salmonella spp., and in a single isolate each of yersinia enterocolitica and serratia liquefaciens but not in isolates of morganella or providencia species or serratia mar ... | 1989 | 2562835 |
| enterobacter cloacae in a haematology/oncology ward--first impressions. | the observation that enterobacter cloacae has emerged as a cause of infection in a haematology/oncology ward prompted a prospective study over an eight-month period. sensitivity to antibiotics, plasmid screening and typing methods were used to describe the epidemiology of the organism which was isolated from 22 patients. there was evidence of a limited amount of cross infection. no common sources were found. a large number of distinct strains were identified. e. cloacae infection was associated ... | 1989 | 2575626 |