| nucleotide sequence of the staphylococcus aureus signal peptidase ii (lsp) gene. | the lsp gene encoding prolipoprotein signal peptidase (signal peptidase ii) of staphylococcus aureus was cloned by screening a genomic library for plasmid clones capable of complementing a conditionally lethal lsp allele of escherichia coli. e. coli cells carrying one of five overlapping clones exhibited increased resistance to globomycin. the nucleotide sequence of the s. aureus lsp gene was determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of the signal peptidase ii of s. aureus suggests that this e ... | 1992 | 1544479 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a negative regulator gene for klebsiella aerogenes arylsulfatase synthesis and identification of the gene as fola. | a negative regulator gene for synthesis of arylsulfatase in klebsiella aerogenes was cloned. deletion analysis showed that the regulator gene was located within a 1.6-kb cloned segment. transfer of the plasmid, which contains the cloned fragment, into constitutive atsr mutant strains of k. aerogenes resulted in complementation of atsr; the synthesis of arylsulfatase was repressed in the presence of inorganic sulfate or cysteine, and this repression was relieved, in each case, by the addition of ... | 1992 | 1551851 |
| a monoamine-regulated klebsiella aerogenes operon containing the monoamine oxidase structural gene (maoa) and the maoc gene. | the klebsiella aerogenes gene maoa, which is involved in the synthesis of monoamine oxidase, was induced by tyramine and the related compounds, subjected to catabolite and ammonium ion repression, and cloned. the nucleotide sequence of the region involved in monoamine oxidase synthesis was determined. two open reading frames, the maoa gene and a hitherto unknown gene (maoc), were found. these are located between a potential promoter sequence and a transcriptional terminator sequence. a region of ... | 1992 | 1556068 |
| evidence for two phosphonate degradative pathways in enterobacter aerogenes. | we screened mini-mu plasmid libraries from enterobacter aerogenes ifo 12010 for plasmids that complement escherichia coli phn mutants that cannot use phosphonates (pn) as the sole source of phosphorus (p). we isolated two kinds of plasmids that, unexpectedly, encode genes for different metabolic pathways. one kind complements e. coli mutants with both pn transport and pn catalysis genes deleted; these plasmids allow degradation of the 2-carbon-substituted pn alpha-aminoethylphosphonate but not o ... | 1992 | 1556070 |
| isolation and characterization of kika, a region on incn group plasmids that determines killing of klebsiella oxytoca. | transfer of the incn group plasmid pcu1 from escherichia coli to klebsiella oxytoca by conjugation kills a large proportion (90 to 95%) of the recipients of plasmid dna, whereas transfer to e. coli or even to the closely related enterobacter aerogenes does not. two regions, kika and kikb, have been identified on pcu1 that contribute to the kik (killing in klebsiellas) phenotype. we have localized the kika region to 500 bp by deletion analysis and show by dna-dna hybridization that kika is highly ... | 1992 | 1569033 |
| tolq is required for cloacin df13 susceptibility in escherichia coli expressing the aerobactin/cloacin df13 receptor iuta. | we investigated the role of the tolq gene in the import of cloacin df13 across the outer membrane of escherichia coli strains expressing the iuta receptor. the iuta outer-membrane protein is the receptor for the siderophore ferric aerobactin and also binds cloacin df13, a bacteriocin produced by strains of enterobacter aerogenes. in this report we present evidence that tolq is required for the internalization of cloacin df13 upon binding to iuta but it is not involved in the transport of ferric ... | 1992 | 1587457 |
| prevalence of a plasmid-mediated type ii dihydrofolate reductase gene among trimethoprim-resistant urinary pathogens in greek hospitals. | the genetic basis of trimethoprim resistance was examined in 24 klebsiella pneumoniae, 27 enterobacter cloacae, five enterobacter aerogenes and nine serratia marcescens urinary isolates from five hospitals in greece. analysis of the 65 isolates by serotyping and phage-typing identified 53 distinct strains. thirty-eight isolates (15 k. pneumoniae, 19 e. cloacae, two e. aerogenes and two s. marcescens) hybridized with a probe specific for a gene encoding type ii dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). thr ... | 1992 | 1607329 |
| klebsiella aerogenes urease gene cluster: sequence of ured and demonstration that four accessory genes (ured, uree, uref, and ureg) are involved in nickel metallocenter biosynthesis. | the region located immediately upstream from the klebsiella aerogenes urease structural genes was sequenced and shown to possess an open reading frame capable of encoding a 29.8-kda peptide. deletions were generated in this gene, denoted ured, and in each of the genes (uree, uref, and ureg) located immediately downstream of the three structural genes. transformation of the mutated plasmids into escherichia coli resulted in high levels of urease expression, but the enzyme was inactive (deletions ... | 1992 | 1624427 |
| cell-cell contact mediates camp secretion in dictyostelium discoideum. | cyclic adenosine 3':5' monophosphate (camp) and cell-cell contact regulate developmental gene expression in dictyostelium discoideum. developing d. discoideum amoebae synthesize and secrete camp following the binding of camp to their surface camp receptor, a response called camp signaling. we have demonstrated two responses of developing d. discoideum amoebae to cell-cell contact. cell-cell contact elicits camp secretion and alters the amount of camp secreted in a subsequent camp signaling respo ... | 1991 | 1646695 |
| klebsiella aerogenes catabolite gene activator protein and the gene encoding it (crp). | the catabolite gene activator protein from klebsiella aerogenes (capk) and the corresponding protein from escherichia coli (cape) were shown to be nearly identical. both capk and cape activated transcription from the cap-dependent promoters derived from e. coli and k. aerogenes. the crp gene from k. aerogenes (encoding cap) is tightly linked to rpsl. the nucleotide sequence of crp predicts an amino acid sequence for capk that differs in only one position from that of cape. | 1991 | 1655718 |
| the role of the nac protein in the nitrogen regulation of klebsiella aerogenes. | the nac (nitrogen assimilation control) protein from klebsiella aerogenes is a lysr-like regulator for transcription of several operons involved in nitrogen metabolism, and couples the transcription of these sigma 70-dependent operons to regulation by the sigma 54-dependent ntr system. nac activates expression of operons (e.g. histidine utilization, hut), allowing use of poor nitrogen sources, and represses expression of operons (e.g. glutamate dehydrogenase, gdh) allowing assimilation of the pr ... | 1991 | 1664020 |
| in vitro activity and stability against novel beta-lactamases of investigational beta-lactams (cefepime, cefpirome, flomoxef, sce2787 and piperacillin plus tazobactam) in comparison with established compounds (cefotaxime, latamoxef and piperacillin). | the therapeutic perspectives of flomoxef, sce 2787, cefpirome, cefepime, latamoxef, cefotaxime and of piperacillin plus tazobactam were comparatively evaluated by their in vitro activity against 1119 clinical isolates of 83 bacterial species. escherichia coli, klebsiella spp. enterobacter sakazakii, proteus spp. and shigella spp. were about equally susceptible to the cephalosporins (mic90: 0.06 to 0.5 mg/l), while the mic90 for piperacillin plus tazobactam was between 2 and 16 mg/l. enterobacter ... | 1991 | 1664418 |
| selective decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract as an infection control measure. | an outbreak caused by a klebsiella aerogenes resistant to ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ampicillin and piperacillin and sensitive to aminoglycosides, imipenem and temocillin occurred in a teaching hospital's busy multi-disciplinary intensive care unit over a 3-month period. four patients had bacteraemia and a further four were colonized. traditional infection control measures failed to eradicate the outbreak. the introduction of a selective gastrointestinal decontamination regimen consist ... | 1991 | 1677652 |
| re-use of enteral feeding tubes--a potential hazard to the patient? a study of the efficiency of a representative range of cleaning and disinfection procedures. | some hospitals and manufacturers are now recommending that patients (particularly those on home enteral feeding) remove and re-insert their tubes on a daily basis. this study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of a representative range of currently used cleaning procedures in removing bacteria from the lumina of these tubes. one thousand-ml portions of feed experimentally contaminated with 10(2)-10(3) klebsiella aerogenes ml(-1) were perfused through three types of commonly used polyu ... | 1991 | 1678758 |
| fimbrial types among respiratory isolates belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae. | bacterial attachment is believed to be an early step in gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia. the frequency of fimbria-associated adhesins among respiratory pathogens has not been studied in detail. in this study isolates belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae, prospectively obtained from intensive care unit patients who were suspected of having nosocomial pneumonia, were examined for fimbria-associated adhesins. type 3, p, type 1, and other fimbrial phenotypes were identified by specific hema ... | 1991 | 1685495 |
| interspecies compatibility of selenoprotein biosynthesis in enterobacteriaceae. | several species of enterobacteriaceae were investigated for their ability to synthesize selenium-containing macromolecules. seleniated trna species as well as seleniated polypeptides were formed by all organisms tested. two selenopolypeptides could be identified in most of the organisms which correspond to the 80 kda and 110 kda subunits of the anaerobically induced formate dehydrogenase isoenzymes of e. coli. in those organisms possessing both isoenzymes, their synthesis was induced in a mutual ... | 1991 | 1710885 |
| structure and function of a bacterial mrna stabilizer: analysis of the 5' untranslated region of ompa mrna. | the 5' untranslated region (utr) of the escherichia coli ompa transcript functions in vivo as a growth rate-regulated mrna stabilizer. the secondary structure of this mrna segment has been determined by a combination of three methods: phylogenetic analysis, in vitro probing with a structure-specific rnase, and methylation by dimethylsulfate in vivo and in vitro. these studies reveal that despite extensive sequence differences, the 5' utrs of the ompa transcripts of e. coli, serratia marcescens, ... | 1991 | 1713205 |
| distribution of an l-isoaspartyl protein methyltransferase in eubacteria. | a protein carboxyl methyltransferase (ec 2.1.1.77) that recognizes age-damaged proteins for potential repair or degradation reactions has been found in all vertebrate tissues and cells examined to date. this enzyme catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups from s-adenosylmethionine to the carboxyl groups of d-aspartyl or l-isoaspartyl residues that are formed spontaneously from normal l-aspartyl and l-asparaginyl residues. a similar methyltransferase has been found in two bacterial species, escher ... | 1992 | 1729230 |
| occult enterobacter aerogenes pneumonia diagnosed by indium 111-labeled leukocyte scan. | | 1992 | 1734614 |
| imipenem resistance associated with the loss of a 40 kda outer membrane protein in enterobacter aerogenes. | an imipenem-resistant strain, enterobacter aerogenes ea-z, was isolated from a blood culture. outer membrane protein (omp) profiles indicated the loss of a 40 kda omp, decreased expression of 42 and 44 kda omps, and increased expression of a 50 kda omp in strain ea-z when compared with imipenem-susceptible clinical isolates of e. aerogenes. the omp profile of ea-z was similar to that of strain ea-si16, an imipenem-resistant e. aerogenes second-step mutant selected on imipenem-containing media. a ... | 1991 | 1761444 |
| identification of the essential cysteine residue in klebsiella aerogenes urease. | during reaction with [14c]iodoacetamide at ph 6.3, radioactivity was incorporated primarily into a single klebsiella aerogenes urease peptide concomitant with activity loss. this peptide was protected from modification at ph 6.3 by inclusion of phosphate, a competitive inhibitor of urease, which also protected the enzyme from inactivation. at ph 8.5, several peptides were alkylated; however, modification of one peptide, identical to that modified at ph 6.3, paralleled activity loss. the n-termin ... | 1991 | 1761535 |
| temporal and topological clustering of diverged residues among enterobacterial dihydrofolate reductases. | the complete nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences were determined for the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from the bacteria enterobacter aerogenes and citrobacter freundii. these were compared with the closely related escherichia coli dhfr sequence. the ancestral dhfr sequence common to these three species was reconstructed. since that ancestor there have been seven, nine, and one amino acid replacements in e. coli, e. aerogenes, and c. freundii, respectively. in e. coli, five of its seven ... | 1991 | 1766362 |
| growth kinetics of coliform bacteria under conditions relevant to drinking water distribution systems. | the growth of environmental and clinical coliform bacteria under conditions typical of drinking water distribution systems was examined. four coliforms (klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, and enterobacter cloacae) were isolated from an operating drinking water system for study; an enterotoxigenic e. coli strain and clinical isolates of k. pneumoniae and e. coli were also used. all but one of the coliforms tested were capable of growth in unsupplemented mineral salts ... | 1991 | 1768093 |
| novel plasmid vectors for gene cloning in pseudomonas. | novel host-vector systems have been developed for gene cloning in the metabolically versatile bacterial genus pseudomonas. we found that a new pseudomonas strain, pseudomonas flavida if-4, isolated from soil, carried two small cryptic plasmids, named pni10 and pni20. they were multi-copy, but not self-transmissible, and the genome size was 3.7 kb for pni10 and 2.9 kb for pni20. several types of cloning vectors containing a kanamycin or streptomycin resistance (kmr or smr) gene were constructed f ... | 1991 | 1778984 |
| carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage activity in cell-free extracts of enterobacter aerogenes atcc 15038 and pseudomonas sp. 4asw. | carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage activity was investigated in cell-free extracts of enterobacter aerogenes atcc 15038 (ifo 12010) and pseudomonas sp. 4asw, strains known to utilize a range of phosphonates as sole phosphorus source. in vitro phosphonatase activity was detected in extracts of both organisms; however extensive analysis failed to detect any organic product from phosphonates other than phosphonoacetal dehyde. non-specific liberation of phosphate was observed in pseudomonas sp. 4asw, a ... | 1991 | 1789794 |
| cefpodoxime: comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity. | the antimicrobial activity of cefpodoxime, the active metabolite of the new cephalosporin ester cefpodoxime proxetil, in comparison to cefixime, cefotiam, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime was determined against a broad spectrum of freshly isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. cefpodoxime was demonstrated to be inhibitory at concentrations of less than or equal to 1 mg/l against 90% of strains of moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli (beta-lactamase- nega ... | 1991 | 1800379 |
| bacteriology of community acquired urinary tract infection. analysis of 1048 cases. | urine samples from 1048 cases clinically suspected to have urinary tract infection were examined for bacteriological culture and antibiotic sensitivity. of 1048 cultures, 530 (50.5%) were sterile, 163 (15.5%) showed the presence of nonpathogenic bacteria and 11 (1%) revealed nonsignificant bacteriuria with escherichia coli. significant bacteriuria (more than 10(5)/ml) was found in the remaining 344 (32.8%) cases. escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen isolated from 170 (16.2%) samples; kl ... | 1991 | 1814873 |
| a neonate with bilateral refractory chylothorax--a case report. | a thirty six week gestation male baby weighing three kilogram was born to a twenty five year old mother by spontaneous vaginal delivery. at four hours of life, the baby developed respiratory distress with cyanosis and was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. there was clinical and radiological evidence of bilateral pleural effusion. thoracentesis revealed a transudate. repeated thoracentesis was necessary to relieve the respiratory distress. subsequently, multi resistant klebsiella aero ... | 1991 | 1840449 |
| in vitro transcription of the histidine utilization (hutuh) operon from klebsiella aerogenes. | the promoter region preceding the hutuh operon in klebsiella aerogenes contains two oppositely oriented, overlapping promoters. in the absence of catabolite gene activator protein-cyclic amp (cap-camp), transcription proceeds primarily from the backward-oriented promoter (pc), whose function has not yet been determined, and only very weakly from the forward hutuh promoter, hutup. in the presence of cap-camp, pc is repressed and transcription from hutup is favored. two protein components required ... | 1991 | 1846133 |
| concomitant dissemination of three extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among different enterobacteriaceae isolated in a french hospital. | from january 1988 to august 1989, 267 non-repetitive strains of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbla) derived from tem (ctx-1/tem-3, caz-6) or shv (caz-5) were isolated from 219 colonized or infected patients. esblas were characterized by analytical isoelectric focusing. biotypes, resistance phenotypes and plasmid patterns were determined in order to differentiate the isolates in each species. among the 116 ctx-1-producing enterobacteriaceae, 48 strains were diff ... | 1991 | 1856124 |
| characterization of the helicobacter pylori urease and purification of its subunits. | helicobacter pylori (formerly campylobacter pylori) is the causative agent of gastritis in man. helicobacter pylori cells contain a large amount of an extremely active urease (e.c.3.5.1.5). this enzyme is suspected to be a virulence factor since the ammonium ion produced from urea may be responsible for tissue injury and/or survival of h. pylori in the gastric environment. helicobacter pylori urease, native relative molecular mass approximately 600,000, was purified by agarose gel filtration and ... | 1991 | 1857197 |
| selected faecal bacteria and nutrients essential for antagonism of salmonella typhimurium in anaerobic continuous flow cultures. | as few as five of the species of bacteria commonly found in human faeces--escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides ovatus and fusobacterium varium--when grown together in anaerobic continuous flow cultures exerted antagonistic effects on salmonella typhimurium as great as those given by mixed bacteria from extracts of human faeces. in a single culture, the population of s. typhimurium was c. 10(8) cfu/ml but in mixed cultures with the five antagonistic bacteri ... | 1991 | 1875391 |
| treatment of a meningitis due to an enterobacter aerogenes producing a derepressed cephalosporinase and a klebsiella pneumoniae producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. | a case of nosocomial meningitis due to a klebsiella pneumoniae producing a caz-5 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and an enterobacter aerogenes producing a derepressed cephalosporinase is reported. the intrathecal catheter incriminated was removed and a treatment with ceftazidime (4 g/24 h) and amikacin (1.5 g/24 h) was started. after 24 h ceftazidime was replaced by imipenem (2 then 4 g/24 h). this treatment failed to obtain cerebrospinal fluid sterilization; therefore the imipenem dosage was i ... | 1991 | 1889874 |
| production and characterization of a human hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin against pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella species. | a hyperimmune globulin for intravenous use (h-ivig) was prepared from the plasma of donors immunized with pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella vaccines. h-ivig preparations contained substantially higher igg antibody levels to all nine p. aeruginosa vaccine antigens and to 22 of the 24 klebsiella vaccine antigens than did commercial ivig. the h-ivig was more effective at promoting the opsonophagocytic killing of p. aeruginosa and klebsiella vaccine serotype strains than normal ivig. the h-ivig ... | 1991 | 1902245 |
| biosynthesis of isochorismate in klebsiella pneumoniae: origin of o-2. | the shikimate metabolites are key precursors to a large number of natural products, including aromatic amino acids. chorismic acid is an important branch point in the biosynthetic pathway to aromatic amino acids. chorismic acid is also unique among natural products since it is the only compound known to undergo an enzymatic claisen rearrangement. a metabolite of chorismic acid, isochorismic acid, first observed in aerobacter aerogenes differs in its chemical structure by the location of the hydr ... | 1991 | 1913340 |
| enzymatic method for measuring ethylene glycol with a centrifugal analyzer. | we describe a semiautomated, enzymatic method of analysis for ethylene glycol in plasma. glycerol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.6) from enterobacter aerogenes, which has high specificity for ethylene glycol, is mixed with 3 microl of specimen in a centrifugal analyzer. nad+ is added to initiate the reaction, and 450 s after an initial 90-s delay, the absorbance at 340 nm is measured. monthly calibration with a five-point calibration curve is sufficient to provide between-day precision (cv) of 2% to 5% ... | 1991 | 1914174 |
| role of the nac gene product in the nitrogen regulation of some ntr-regulated operons of klebsiella aerogenes. | a positive, genetic selection against the activity of the nitrogen regulatory (ntr) system was used to isolate insertion mutations affecting nitrogen regulation in klebsiella aerogenes. two classes of mutation were obtained: those affecting the ntr system itself and leading to the loss of almost all nitrogen regulation, and those affecting the nac locus and leading to a loss of nitrogen regulation of a family of nitrogen-regulated enzymes. the set of these nac-dependent enzymes included histidas ... | 1990 | 1979323 |
| quantitative enumeration of acanthamoeba for evaluation of cyst inactivation in contact lens care solutions. | a simple, quantitative plate assay has been developed for use in the enumeration of acanthamoeba. the technique uses an agarose overlay and low-nutrient medium to support the growth of amoebae on a bacterial lawn. the authors found that in this assay, individual trophozoites or dormant cysts will cause plaques to form in an enterobacter aerogenes lawn. with the assay, it is possible to quantitatively assess the effects of various disinfectant compounds on the viability of acanthamoeba. the autho ... | 1991 | 2001938 |
| ability of ceftibuten to induce the class-i beta-lactamases of enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, and enterobacter aerogenes. | ceftibuten, like cefotaxime, was observed to be a weak inducer of the class-i beta-lactamases of enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, and enterobacter aerogenes. in contrast, cefoxitin and imipenem induced these enzymes strongly at subinhibitory concentrations. | 1991 | 2013214 |
| carbapenem resistance in enterobacter aerogenes is due to lipopolysaccharide alterations. | the extensive characterization of 2 clinical enterobacter aerogenes isolates resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics including imipenem revealed that imipenem resistance could not be attributed to overproduction of the chromosomal beta-lactamase; moreover, it was lost after subcultivation and can be thus considered as unstable. the comparison of sensitive and resistant clones revealed that the beta-lactamase in the resistant clones was less inducible in the resistant clones and moreover, there ... | 1991 | 2032467 |
| pyridoxal phosphate-dependent histidine decarboxylases. cloning, sequencing, and expression of genes from klebsiella planticola and enterobacter aerogenes and properties of the overexpressed enzymes. | the hdc genes encoding the inducible pyridoxal-p-dependent histidine decarboxylase (hisdcase) of klebsiella planticola and enterobacter aerogenes were isolated, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli under control of the lac promoter, and the overproduced enzymes were purified to homogeneity from the recombinant host. formation of inclusion bodies during synthesis of the e. aerogenes enzyme was avoided by cooling the culture and inducing at 25 degrees c. the cloned enzymes were produced in ... | 1991 | 2033044 |
| reactivity of the essential thiol of klebsiella aerogenes urease. effect of ph and ligands on thiol modification. | the kinetics of klebsiella aerogenes urease inactivation by disulfide and alkylating agents was examined and found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. reactivity of the essential thiol is affected by the presence of substrate and competitive inhibitors, consistent with a cysteine located proximal to the active site. in contrast to the results observed with other reagents, the rate of activity loss in the presence of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (dtnb) saturated at high reagent concentr ... | 1991 | 2037578 |
| viable but nonculturable bacteria in drinking water. | klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, agrobacterium tumefaciens, streptococcus faecalis, micrococcus flavus, bacillus subtilis, and pseudomonas strains l2 and 719 were tested for the ability to grow and maintain viability in drinking water. microcosms were employed in the study to monitor growth and survival by plate counts, acridine orange direct counts (aodc), and direct viable counts (dvc). plate counts dropped below the detection limit within 7 days for all strains except those of b ... | 1991 | 2039237 |
| purification, characterization and some properties of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase from enterobacter aerogenes. | a new method, faster, milder and more efficient than the one previously described [bryn, k., hetland, o. & stormer, f. c. (1971) eur. j. biochem, 18, 116-119], for purification of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase from enterobacter aerogenes is proposed. the experiments carried out with the electrophoretically pure preparations obtained by this procedure show that the enzyme (a) produces l-glycols from the corresponding l-alpha-hydroxycarbonyls by reversible reduction of their oxo groups and also redu ... | 1991 | 2040298 |
| a weak adaptive response to alkylation damage in salmonella typhimurium. | an efficient adaptive response to alkylation damage was observed in several enterobacterial species, including klebsiella aerogenes, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, escherichia alkalescens, escherichia hermanii, and escherichia fergusonii. increased o6-methylguanine-dna and methylphosphotriester-dna methyltransferase activities correlated with the induction of a 39-kda protein recognized by monoclonal antibodies raised against the escherichia coli ada protein. induced methyltransferase activit ... | 1991 | 2050626 |
| a new family of bacterial regulatory proteins. | a new family of bacterial regulatory proteins has been identified by sequence similarity. the family contains the repressor of the bacillus subtilis gluconate operon (gntr), the regulators for histidine utilization in pseudomonas putida (hutcpp) and klebsiella aerogenes (hutcka), the repressor (fadr) of fatty acid degradation in escherichia coli, a regulator involved in the conjugal transfer of the broad host range plasmid pij101 (kora), and three proteins of unidentified function in e. coli (ge ... | 1991 | 2060763 |
| [clinico-etiological characteristics of intestinal diseases in young children]. | intestinal disorders in infants are determined in 96.9% of cases by the opportunistic flora with the predominance of pr. mirabilis (25.5%), e. coli (19.1%), enterobacter aerogenes (12.6%) and with the less frequent occurrence of klebsiella (4.1%) and pathogenic staphylococci (5.8%). as a result of the unbased use of antibiotics, the majority of children demonstrate dysbacteriosis and the growth of the number of resistant hospital strains. it is suggested that in children with arvi, the drugs con ... | 1990 | 2075044 |
| subgingival occurrence of enteric rods, yeasts and staphylococci after systemic doxycycline therapy. | the occurrence of subgingival enteric rods, yeasts and staphylococci (pre-treatment and post-treatment) was examined in 21 adult periodontitis patients receiving mechanical periodontal therapy and systemic doxycycline (200 mg on first day, then 100 mg/day for 20 days). subgingival samples obtained prior to, and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after completion of the antibiotic therapy were transported in vmga iii and plated onto tsbv (for enteric rods and yeasts) and staphylococcus 110 media. at baseline, s ... | 1990 | 2080072 |
| isolation of enterobacter aerogenes susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics despite high level beta-lactamase production. | this report describes a patient with nosocomial meningitis from whom four distinct isolates of enterobacter aerogenes were recovered over a complicated course of chemotherapy. the initial isolate was susceptible to expanded spectrum beta-lactams despite constitutive production of high levels of beta-lactamase. resistant isolates recovered during antibiotic therapy had lost a 42,000 outer membrane protein. these data suggest that b-lactam susceptibility in the original isolate was due to "hyperpe ... | 1990 | 2086219 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ... | 1990 | 2086814 |
| new screening test to determine the acceptability of 0.45-micron membrane filters for analysis of water. | during routine membrane filter (mf) quality control testing, irregularities such as partial or complete inhibition of microbial growth at grid lines, abnormal spreading of colonies, growth in or along the grid lines, nonwetting areas, poor colony sheen and metallic sheen on the mf surface with mendo agar, brittleness, decreased recovery, and severe wrinkling were observed with several lots of filters. to study these effects and to develop a more sensitive screening test for mf quality, we compar ... | 1990 | 2106827 |
| mucinophilic and chemotactic properties of pseudomonas aeruginosa in relation to pulmonary colonization in cystic fibrosis. | representative isolates of nonmucoid pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied to investigate the hypothesis that mucinophilic and chemotactic properties in this species act as potential factors in the initial stages of pulmonary colonization in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). transmission electron microscopy with a surfactant monolayer technique was used in a novel manner to demonstrate the adhesion of all 10 p. aeruginosa strains examined to porcine gastric mucin and tracheobronchial mucin from ... | 1990 | 2111280 |
| nucleotide sequence of the pseudomonas fluorescens signal peptidase ii gene (lsp) and flanking genes. | the lsp gene encoding prolipoprotein signal peptidase (signal peptidase ii) is organized into an operon consisting of iles and three open reading frames, designated genes x, orf149, and orf316 in both escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes. a plasmid, pbroc128, containing a 5.8-kb fragment of pseudomonas fluorescens dna was found to confer pseudomonic acid resistance on e. coli host cells and to contain the structural gene of iles from p. fluorescens. in addition, e. coli strains carrying p ... | 1990 | 2121716 |
| [ecological changes in burn wound bacterial flora]. | a comparative study of the ecology of the burn wound bacterial flora, during jan. 1970 to dec. 1971 (group i) and jan. 1985 to dec. 1986 (group ii) was carried out. the incidence of gram positive cocci was 40.70% in group i versus 45.66% in group ii. that of gram negative bacilli was 54.92% and 48.10% respectively. the occurrence of ps. aeruginosa was markedly reduced, in group i it reached 35.08% versus 11.26% in group ii (p less than 0.001). the incidence of enterobacter aerogenes was signific ... | 1990 | 2125851 |
| [susceptibility and r plasmids conjugation tests for 44 strains of gram negative bacilli in a burn unit]. | 44 strains of 9 species gram negative bacilli were isolated and identified in a burn unit, among them 25 strains were from patients and 19 from ward environment. all strains were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics and r plasmids. using both agar dilution and disc diffusion methods to test susceptibility to 12 kinds of antibiotics, namely, streptomycin chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, amikacin rifampin, carbenicillin, cefazolin and polymyxin, ... | 1990 | 2125853 |
| growth inhibition of selected food-borne bacteria, particularly listeria monocytogenes, by plant extracts. | six extracts from chinese medicinal plants: tin men chu, sey lau pai, siu mao heung, bak tao yung, kam chin chiu and liao ya, were tested for their inhibitory effect on selected food-borne bacteria by the well assay technique. among them, tin men chu, siu mao heung and sey lau pai inhibited the growth of staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumonia, escherichia coli, shigella flexneri, streptococcus faecalis, salmonella paratyphi, salm. enteritidis, enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas fluorescens ... | 1990 | 2127264 |
| purification, characterization, and in vivo reconstitution of klebsiella aerogenes urease apoenzyme. | urease was purified from recombinant klebsiella aerogenes which was grown in the absence of nickel. the protein was inactive and contained no transition metals, yet it possessed the same heteropolymeric structure as native enzyme, demonstrating that ni is not required for intersubunit association. ni did, however, substantially increase the stability of the intact metalloprotein (tm = 79 degrees c) compared with apoenzyme (tm = 62 degrees c), as revealed by differential scanning calorimetric ana ... | 1990 | 2142939 |
| ofloxacin versus vancomycin/polymyxin for prevention of infections in granulocytopenic patients. | the efficacy and safety of oral ofloxacin were compared with those of vancomycin/polymyxin for prophylaxis of bacterial infections in granulocytopenic patients undergoing chemotherapy for hematologic malignancy. | 1990 | 2153006 |
| cloning of pseudomonas aeruginosa algg, which controls alginate structure. | the biochemical mechanism by which alpha-l-guluronate (g) residues are incorporated into alginate by pseudomonas aeruginosa is not understood. p. aeruginosa first synthesizes gdp-mannuronate, which is used to incorporate beta-d-mannuronate residues into the polymer. it is likely that the conversion of some beta-d-mannuronate residues to g occurs by the action of a c-5 epimerase at either the monomer (e.g., sugar-nucleotide) or the polymer level. this study describes the results of a molecular ge ... | 1990 | 2160929 |
| tn1000-mediated insertion mutagenesis of the histidine utilization (hut) gene cluster from klebsiella aerogenes: genetic analysis of hut and unusual target specificity of tn1000. | the histidine utilization (hut) genes from klebsiella aerogenes were cloned in both orientations into the hindiii site of plasmid pbr325, and the two resulting plasmids, pcb120 and pcb121, were subjected to mutagenesis with tn1000. the insertion sites of tn1000 into pcb121 were evenly distributed throughout the plasmid, but the insertion sites into pcb120 were not. there was a large excess of tn1000 insertions in the "plus" or gamma delta orientation in a small, ca. 3.5-kilobase region of the pl ... | 1990 | 2170334 |
| a sulfur- and tyramine-regulated klebsiella aerogenes operon containing the arylsulfatase (atsa) gene and the atsb gene. | the structural gene for arylsulfatase (atsa) of klebsiella aerogenes was cloned into a pki212 vector in escherichia coli. deletion analysis showed that the atsa gene with the promoter region was located within a 3.2-kilobase cloned segment. in e. coli cells which carried the plasmid, the synthesis of arylsulfatase was repressed by various sources of sulfur; the repression was relieved, in each case, by tyramine. transfer of the plasmid into atsa or constitutive atsr mutant strains of k. aerogene ... | 1990 | 2180918 |
| molecular characterization of pula and its product, pullulanase, a secreted enzyme of klebsiella pneumoniae unf5023. | the determined nucleotide sequence of the klebsiella pneumoniae unf5023 gene pula comprises a single open reading frame coding for a 1090-residue precursor of the secreted protein pullulanase. the predicted sequence of this protein is highly homologous to that of pullulanase of klebsiella aerogenes strain w70. however, the unf5023 pullulanase lacks a collagen-like sequence present at the n-terminus of the mature w70 enzyme and differs further from the w70 pullulanase around residue 300 and at th ... | 1990 | 2181242 |
| oral ciprofloxacin compared with parenteral antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis. | we undertook a prospective, randomized comparison of oral ciprofloxacin with standard parenteral therapies for the treatment of biopsy-proven osteomyelitis caused by susceptible organisms. following surgical debridement, the ciprofloxacin patients received 750 mg twice a day, and the other patients received a broad-spectrum cephalosporin or a nafcillin-aminoglycoside combination intravenously (i.v.). there were 31 evaluable patients in the ciprofloxacin group, treated an average of 56 days, and ... | 1990 | 2183710 |
| electroporation and expression of plasmid pbr322 in klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 and plasmid prk2501 in pseudomonas putida cym 318. | klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 and pseudomonas putida cym 318 were transformed via high-voltage electroporation with plasmids pbr322 and prk2501, respectively. the number of transformants obtained was dependent on the applied voltage, capacitance, and cell recovery procedure. for example, 7.87 x 10(4) transformants/micrograms dna were obtained at 2500 v, 25 muf when k. aerogenes cells were electroporated with pbr322 dna. a lower voltage (1500) and capacitance (3 muf) yielded 2.4 x 10(3) transform ... | 1990 | 2187074 |
| purification and characterization of urease from helicobacter pylori. | urease was purified 112-fold to homogeneity from the microaerophilic human gastric bacterium, helicobacter pylori. the urease isolation procedure included a water extraction step, size exclusion chromatography, and anion exchange chromatography. the purified enzyme exhibited a km of 0.3 +/- 0.1 mm and a vmax of 1,100 +/- 200 mumols of urea hydrolyzed/min/mg of protein at 22 degrees c in 31 mm tris-hcl, ph 8.0. the isoelectric point was 5.99 +/- 0.03. molecular mass estimated for the native enzym ... | 1990 | 2188975 |
| kinetics and specificity of alginate lyases: part i, a case study. | purified preparations of alginate lyase from klebsiella aerogenes and haliotis sp. were investigated for activity and degradation patterns with alginate and alginate fragments having different compositions and sequences. with fragments approaching homopolymers of guluronate and mannuronate, michaelis-menten kinetics were obeyed and kinetic parameters could be obtained. degradation of alginates containing all four possible linkages in various proportions, followed by isolation of the fragments an ... | 1990 | 2191774 |
| cloning of aldb, which encodes alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, an exoenzyme from bacillus brevis. | a gene for alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase (aldc) was cloned from bacillus brevis in escherichia coli and in bacillus subtilis. the 1.3-kilobase-pair nucleotide sequence of the gene, aldb, encoding aldc and its flanking regions was determined. an open reading frame of 285 amino acids included a typical n-terminal signal peptide of 24 or 27 amino acids. a b. subtilis strain harboring the aldb gene on a recombinant plasmid processed and secreted aldc. in contrast, a similar enzyme from enterobact ... | 1990 | 2198252 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the repressor for the histidine utilization genes of pseudomonas putida. | the hutc gene of pseudomonas putida encodes a repressor which, in combination with the inducer urocanate, regulates expression of the five structural genes necessary for conversion of histidine to glutamate, ammonia, and formate. the nucleotide sequence of the hutc region was determined and found to contain two open reading frames which overlapped by one nucleotide. the first open reading frame (orf1) appeared to encode a 27,648-dalton protein of 248 amino acids whose sequence strongly resembled ... | 1990 | 2203753 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the repressor for the histidine utilization genes of klebsiella aerogenes. | the hutc gene of klebsiella aerogenes encodes a repressor that regulates expression of the histidine utilization (hut) operons. the dna sequence of a region known to contain hutc was determined and shown to contain two long rightward-reading open reading frames (orfs). one of these orfs was identified as the 3' portion of the hutg gene. the other orf was the hutc gene. the repressor predicted from the hutc sequence contained a helix-turn-helix motif strongly similar to that seen in other dna-bin ... | 1990 | 2203754 |
| sequence of the klebsiella aerogenes urease genes and evidence for accessory proteins facilitating nickel incorporation. | a 4.8-kilobase-pair region of cloned dna encoding the genes of the klebsiella aerogenes urease operon has been sequenced. six closely spaced open reading frames were found: urea (encoding a peptide of 11.1 kilodaltons [kda]), ureb (11.7-kda peptide), urec (60.3-kda peptide), uree (17.6-kda peptide), uref (25.2-kda peptide), and ureg (21.9-kda peptide). immediately after the ureg gene is a putative rho-dependent transcription terminator. the three subunits of the nickel-containing enzyme are enco ... | 1990 | 2211515 |
| construction of mobilizable vectors derived from plasmids rp4, puc18 and puc19. | mobilizable narrow-host-range plasmids were constructed from puc18 and puc19 by addition of a segment of psup2021 bearing the basis of mobilization (bom) site and origin of transfer (orit) of rp4. one pair of expression vectors, paro180 and paro190, retains the beta-lactamase (bla) gene and twelve of the 13 restriction enzyme multiple cloning sites (mcs) of puc18/19. another pair was created by replacing the bla gene with the gene encoding kanamycin resistance (kan) from tn5. the molecules repli ... | 1990 | 2227423 |
| ammonia-induced cell envelope injury in escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes. | ammonia-induced cell envelope injury was examined in pure cultures of escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes. cell injury, as determined by the ratio of colony-forming units on m-t7 agar to colony-forming units on m-endo agar, increased with exposure to increasing concentrations of ammonia. cell envelopes appeared to be the site of injury as indicated by increasing susceptibility to lysozyme with increasing ammonia concentration. cells exposed to ammonia also exhibited more cellular leakage ... | 1990 | 2245377 |
| homology among bacterial catalase genes. | catalase activities in crude extracts of exponential and stationary phase cultures of various bacteria were visualized following gel electrophoresis for comparison with the enzymes from escherichia coli. citrobacter freundii, edwardsiella tarda, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, and salmonella typhimurium exhibited patterns of catalase activity similar to e. coli, including bifunctional hpi-like bands and a monofunctional hpii-like band. proteus mirabilis, erwinia carotovora, and se ... | 1990 | 2253114 |
| cloning of the klebsiella aerogenes nac gene, which encodes a factor required for nitrogen regulation of the histidine utilization (hut) operons in salmonella typhimurium. | the nac (nitrogen assimilation control) gene from klebsiella aerogenes, cloned in a low-copy-number cloning vector, restored the ability of k. aerogenes nac mutants to activate histidase and repress glutamate dehydrogenase formation in response to nitrogen limitation and to limit the maximum expression of the nac promoter. when present in salmonella typhimurium, the k. aerogenes nac gene allowed the hut genes to be activated during nitrogen-limited growth. thus, the nac gene encodes a cytoplasmi ... | 1990 | 2254273 |
| regulation of assimilatory nitrate reductase formation in klebsiella aerogenes w70. | klebsiella aerogenes w70 could grow aerobically with nitrate or nitrite as the sole nitrogen source. the assimilatory nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase responsible for this ability required the presence of either nitrate or nitrite as an inducer, and both enzymes were repressed by ammonia. the repression by ammonia, which required the ntr (nitrogen regulatory) system (a. macaluso, e. a. best, and r. a. bender, j. bacteriol. 172:7249-7255, 1990), did not act solely at the level of inducer e ... | 1990 | 2254283 |
| treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections with oral cefuroxime axetil. | the subjects were adult hospitalized patients, 12 with pneumonia and eight with acute bronchitis. the patients with pneumonia received 500 mg of cefuroxime orally twice daily and the patients with bronchitis received 250 mg twice daily. treatment lasted for ten days in responsive patients. the pathogens identified in the patients' sputum were streptococcus pneumoniae, klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, enterobacter aerogenes, staphylococcus aureus, or branhamella catarrhalis. clinica ... | 1990 | 2268866 |
| immunological cross-reactivity between enterobacter aerogenes and klebsiella capsular polysaccharides. | enterobacter aerogenes capsular polysaccharides (cps) which cross-react with klebsiella k3, k21, and k68 cps were purified. humans immunized with a vaccine containing klebsiella k3 and k21 cps produced antibody which recognized these e. aerogenes cps. the magnitude of the immune response to the e. aerogenes cps varied among the serotypes. passive transfer of an immunoglobulin produced from the plasma of donors immunized with the above vaccine afforded significant protection against challenge wit ... | 1990 | 2277587 |
| molecular cloning, expression and nucleotide sequence of the rcsa gene of erwinia amylovora, encoding a positive regulator of capsule expression: evidence for a family of related capsule activator proteins. | a gene encoding a positive activator of the expression of extracellular polysaccharide (eps) synthesis in the phytopathogen erwinia amylovora has been isolated from a genomic library in escherichia coli. the presence of the cloned gene in e. coli stimulated transcription of the genes encoding colanic acid biosynthesis and could complement rcsa mutations. introduction of the gene on a multicopy plasmid into er. amylovora caused a threefold increase in eps expression. the nucleotide sequence of th ... | 1990 | 2283503 |
| the sequence of the malg gene from salmonella typhimurium and its functional implications. | the nucleotide sequence of the malg gene which is essential for maltose transport was determined in salmonella typhimurium and compared to homologous genes from escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes. malg genes from s. typhimurium and e. aerogenes were expressed and their products were active in e. coli. the primary structure of the three malg proteins was highly conserved. changes were mainly clustered in a relatively large hydrophilic region of the protein (residues 40 to 75). in contras ... | 1990 | 2284499 |
| [susceptibility of clinically isolated bacterial strains to imipenem/cilastatin sodium]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (imipenem) and other beta-lactams against clinically isolated 353 bacterial strains were investigated. the results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. imipenem (ipm) showed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive cocci such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus agalactiae. 2. ipm had inferior or equivalent antibacterial activities to beta-lactams aga ... | 1990 | 2287059 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. reported by the research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antibacterial agents at 64 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory and the tests were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls in which susceptibilities are classified into "s", "ms", "i" and "r". ipm showed markedly high in vit ... | 1990 | 2287060 |
| in vitro activity against clinically important gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of sulbactam, alone and in combination with ampicillin, cefotaxime, mezlocillin, and piperacillin. | the in vitro effects of the single agents, and the synergistic/antagonistic action of three different combinations of ampicillin (amp, cas 69-53-4), cefotaxime (ctx, cas 63527-52-6), mezlocillin (mez, cas 51481-65-3), and piperacillin (pip, cas 61477-96-1) with the beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam (sul, cas 68373-14-8) were determined against 675 gram-positive and gram-negative, both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. all the combinations of sulbactam and the antibiotics (1: 1, 1:2 and 1:4) exhib ... | 1990 | 2291754 |
| purification and n-terminal analysis of urease from helicobacter pylori. | urease of helicobacter pylori (formerly campylobacter pylori) is believed to represent a critical virulence determinant for this species. ammonia generated by hydrolysis of urea may protect the acid-sensitive bacterium as it colonizes human gastric mucosa. an h. pylori strain, cultured from a gastric biopsy of a patient with complaints of abdominal pain and a history of peptic ulcer disease, was isolated on selective medium and cultured in mueller-hinton broth supplemented with 4% fetal calf ser ... | 1990 | 2318539 |
| enhanced resistance to cefotaxime and imipenem associated with outer membrane protein alterations in enterobacter aerogenes. | mutants exhibiting enhanced resistance to cefotaxime and imipenem were selected by plating a strain of enterobacter aerogenes, which already produced chromosomal beta-lactamase constitutively, on to varying concentrations of different beta-lactam antibiotics. frequencies of mutation varied from 10(-5) to 10(-8), depending upon the particular antibiotic and concentration used for selection. only minor variations in beta-lactamase specific activities were observed and these could not be directly c ... | 1990 | 2318754 |
| diverse potential of beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i enzymes. | the ability of various beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i beta-lactamases was assessed. clavulanate was the most active compound, inducing morganella morganii, aeromonas caviae, and enterobacter aerogenes over a broad concentration range and citrobacter freundii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and serratia marcescens at high concentrations. disk approximation tests paralleled these results, with clavulanate, but not sulbactam or tazobactam, antagonizing the activity of several beta-lactams aga ... | 1990 | 2327752 |
| molecular epidemiology of tem-3 (ctx-1) beta-lactamase. | a total of 33 clinical isolates encoding tem-3 (ctx-1) from four french hospitals were studied. the strains belonged to seven species, klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 24), escherichia coli (n = 3), serratia marcescens (n = 2), citrobacter freundii (n = 1), enterobacter aerogenes (n = 1), enterobacter cloacae (n = 1), and klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1). all the strains harbored an inc7 or m self-transferable plasmid with a size of approximately 85 kilobases. the plasmids had closely related ecori, hincii, ... | 1990 | 2327769 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of three plants used in traditional medicine in sierra leone. | the antibacterial activities of the methanol and hot and cold aqueous extracts of the leaves of aspilia africana, ficus exasperata and mareya micrantha were bioassayed against three gram-negative and three gram-positive bacterial species: aerobacter aerogenes, agrobacterium tumefaciens, bacillus subtilis, clostridium sporogenes, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. the methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of aspilia africana and mareya micrantha and the undiluted oil of m. micranth ... | 1990 | 2335960 |
| comparison of enrichment and plating media for isolation of yersinia. | yersinia enterocolitica (serotypes 0:3 or 0:8), yersinia frederiksenii, yersinia kristensenii, or yersinia intermedia along with 10(8) cells of each of three extraneous organisms (escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas fragi), all commonly found on market poultry, were inoculated into five enrichment media followed by streaking onto 11 plating media to determine the most-efficacious combinations for future surveys or assessment studies. for yersinia enterocolitica (0:8), infrequen ... | 1990 | 2356183 |
| the impact of pulmonary infections on the survival of lung cancer patients. | to determine the impact of pulmonary infections on survival in patients with lung cancer, a retrospective review of the records of 121 such patients treated at howard university hospital in washington, dc, was done. there were 77 men and 44 women; 118 were black. the mean age was 63.5 years. forty-three patients had squamous cell carcinoma, 31 had adenocarcinoma, 18 had large cell carcinoma, 19 had small cell carcinoma, and ten were unclassified. the stages were as follows: two patients in stage ... | 1990 | 2364370 |
| antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine in a controlled release delivery system. | chlorhexidine is widely used as a mouth rinse in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases and dental caries. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine in a controlled release delivery system. the controlled release dispenser comprised a polymeric inner core matrix containing the medicament with an outer vinyl membrane controlling the drug release. the effect on the following bacteria was studied: actinobacillus actinomycetemco ... | 1990 | 2390965 |
| crossover assessment of serum bactericidal activity and pharmacokinetics of five broad-spectrum cephalosporins in the elderly. | to better define the pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activity (sba) of the expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in the elderly, we administered single 2-g intravenous infusions of cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime to six healthy volunteers over the age of 65 years. serum was collected over 24 h, and concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography; pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for each drug. sba was measured against repr ... | 1990 | 2393258 |
| l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid decarboxylase activity responsible for the formation of 1,3-diaminopropane in enterobacter aerogenes. | high content of 1,3-diaminopropane (dap), a normally minor derivative of polyamine metabolism, have been observed in cells of enterobacter aerogenes. supplementation of the growth medium with l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (l-daba) resulted in increased production of dap, but not if supplemented with spermidine. on the basis of these observations, the biosynthetic route for dap was evaluated. it has appeared that this bacterium possesses a novel enzyme activity catalysing the formation of dap from l- ... | 1990 | 2397881 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the enterobacter aerogenes signal peptidase ii (lsp) gene. | in escherichia coli, prolipoprotein signal peptidase is encoded by the lsp gene, which is organized into an operon consisting of iles, lsp, and three open reading frames, designated genes x, orf-149, and orf-316. the enterobacter aerogenes lsp gene was cloned and expressed in e. coli. the nucleotide sequence of the enterobacter aerogenes lsp gene and a part of its flanking sequences were determined. a high degree of homology was found between the e. coli iles-lsp operon and the corresponding gen ... | 1990 | 2403548 |
| the influence of the o and k antigens of klebsiella aerogenes on surface hydrophobicity and susceptibility to phagocytosis and antimicrobial agents. | the surface hydrophobicity of klebsiella aerogenes is influenced by the presence of capsular (k) and lipopolysaccharide (o) antigens. loss of both k and o antigens (k-o-), but not the k antigen alone (k-o+), increased surface hydrophobicity and susceptibility to phagocytosis. unheated serum (i.e., containing complement) increased the surface hydrophobicity and phagocytosis of the k-o+ and k-o- strains, but not of the k+o+ encapsulated parent strain. despite the altered susceptibility to phagocyt ... | 1986 | 2419562 |
| analysis of cell division gene ftsz (sulb) from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | the ftsz (sulb) gene of escherichia coli codes for a 40,000-dalton protein that carries out a key step in the cell division pathway. the presence of an ftsz gene protein in other bacterial species was examined by a combination of southern blot and western blot analyses. southern blot analysis of genomic restriction digests revealed that many bacteria, including species from six members of the family enterobacteriaceae and from pseudomonas aeruginosa and agrobacterium tumefaciens, contained seque ... | 1987 | 2432055 |
| use of tannic acid for the ultrastructural visualization of periplasm in gram-negative bacteria. | tannic acid mordanting reveals the periplasm, the area between the outer membrane and the inner membrane of gram-negative bacteria, rhizobium sp., escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes, as an electron-dense layer continuous with the inner leaflet of the outer membrane. the method involves 18 hr of tannic acid treatment after fixation in aldehyde prior to osmium tetroxide postfixation, followed by conventional electron microscopy. | 1987 | 2440153 |
| effect of macromolecular composition of microorganisms on the thermodynamic description of their growth. | most models describing bacterial growth, including the original mosaic non-equilibrium thermodynamic (mnet) description, do not take into account that the macromolecular composition of the cells varies with growth rate. the mnet description of bacterial growth is extended to account for such a variation in macromolecular composition of the cells in order to make the mnet description more generally applicable. klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 was cultured in a chemostat under glucose- or ammonia-lim ... | 1988 | 2461738 |
| studies on lysine:n6-hydroxylation by cell-free systems of aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. | electron microscopic examination has revealed the vesicular nature of the membrane component, of the cell-free system of aerobacter aerogenes 62-1, which catalyses lysine: n6-hydroxylation. regardless of the orientation of the vesicles, n-hydroxylation process is still stimulated by pyruvate. both pyruvate oxidation and lysine: n6-hydroxylation were inhibited by protonophores and gramicidin s. | 1989 | 2493814 |
| evolution of chemotactic-signal transducers in enteric bacteria. | the methyl-accepting chemotactic-signal transducers of the enteric bacteria are transmembrane proteins that consist of a periplasmic receptor domain and a cytoplasmic signaling domain. to study their evolution, transducer genes from enterobacter aerogenes and klebsiella pneumoniae were compared with transducer genes from escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium. there are at least two functional transducer genes in the nonmotile species k. pneumoniae, one of which complements the defect in se ... | 1989 | 2496104 |
| bacterial colonization of intravenous catheter materials in vitro and in vivo. | four different intravenous catheter materials, brands teflon, silastic, vialon, and tecoflex, were evaluated in vitro for bacterial adherence after 2 and 24 hours' incubation in trypticase soy broth and after 2 hours' incubation in nutrient-free phosphate buffer (ph 7.2). the organisms used were pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus epidermidis. the significant differences in in vitro adherence of the different bacterial species to the various cathe ... | 1989 | 2500724 |