| moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis bacteremia. a case report and literature review. | moraxella catarrhalis is increasingly recognized as a cause of pulmonary and upper airway disease, but bacteremia remains unusual. we treated a 71-year-old man who died of rapidly progressive bacteremic m catarrhalis bronchopneumonia. this case, and a review of the 27 previously reported m catarrhalis bacteremias in the literature, demonstrated that m catarrhalis can be a virulent organism capable of causing serious infection and death in both immunocompetent and compromised hosts. | 1990 | 2112907 |
| bacterial isolates and cigarette smoking in patients with chronic bronchitis: results from an italian multicenter survey. | patients who were cigarette smokers suffering exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were examined in eight outpatient clinics in five regions of italy, three from the south (campania, 82 patients; sicily, 82 patients; and puglia, 29 patients) and two from north (lombardy, 33 patients; and liguria, 50 patients). haemophilus influenzae was the most frequently isolated bacterium in the patients' sputum (in 30% of the total group), followed by streptococcus pneumoniae (in 20%), staphylococcus aureus ( ... | 1990 | 2112984 |
| comparative study of cefuroxime axetil suspension and amoxycillin syrup in the treatment of acute otitis media in general practice. | in a multicentre general practice study, 660 children aged between 3 months and 12 years with otitis media were randomized to receive a 10-day course of cefuroxime axetil suspension or amoxycillin syrup. children under 2 years of age were given 125 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily after food or 125 mg amoxycillin three times daily; older children received 250 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily or 250 mg amoxycillin three times daily. the overall cure or improvement rate was 94.3% for those treated ... | 1990 | 2113874 |
| [activity of cefapirin against bacterial strains isolated from acute otitis media in children]. | the antibacterial activity of cefapirin was tested against 210 strains isolated from the auricular exudate of childrens' acute otitis media. for 112 strains of haemophilus studied (20% secreted a beta-lactamase), the mic 50 and 90 of cefapirin were 2 and 4 mg/l respectively. ten strains of branhamella catarrhalis were tested (9 secreted a beta-lactamase) and the mic ranged from 0.25 to 4 mg/l. against streptococcus pneumoniae, cefapirin has an extremely high activity with mic 50 and 90 less than ... | 1990 | 2114604 |
| quantification of nasopharyngeal bacteria for diagnosis of respiratory tract infection in children. | agreement between clinical signs of bacterial respiratory tract infections and quantities of respiratory tract pathogens in nasopharynx was studied in 77 children, aged 6-13 years. specimens were obtained from 27 clinically bacterial and 51 clinically non-bacterial respiratory tract infections, and in 124 instances from healthy children. viable counts of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and beta-haemolytic streptococci were made from swab specimens suspe ... | 1990 | 2115205 |
| rapid identification of branhamella catarrhalis. a comparison of five rapid methods. | five methods for the rapid identification and differentiation of branhamella catarrhalis from other neisseria species in 86 respiratory specimens were compared. these tests included the 4-methylumbelliferyl butyrate (mub), api quadferm, b.cat.confirm, gonochek ii, and the tributyrin disc. all five tests reliably and accurately identified 31 b. catarrhalis isolates. however, the mub test was the least expensive, least labor intensive, and did not require overnight purity plates for performance. t ... | 1990 | 2116950 |
| randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | patients with purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were randomized to receive either a single 400-mg daily dose of cefixime or 250 mg of cephalexin, orally, four times a day. patients were males with a mean age of 63 years. of the 86 patients, 71 (82%) had bronchitis caused by a single organism (29 by haemophilus influenzae, 27 by branhamella catarrhalis, 9 by gram-negative enteric organisms, 6 by streptococcus pneumoniae), while more than one pathogen was implicated in 15 patients (18%). ... | 1990 | 2118322 |
| effect of ampicillin, cefmetazole and minocycline on the adherence of branhamella catarrhalis to pharyngeal epithelial cells. | using pharyngeal epithelial cells from a healthy adult and eight strains of branhamella catarrhalis (b. catarrhalis) isolated from eight patients with respiratory infection the effect of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of cefmetazole, ampicillin and minocycline on adherence was examined. cefmetazole-treated bacterial attachment (44 +/- 28; mean +/- s.d.) decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) compared to the control (84 +/- 27). statistically no significant difference in adherence was f ... | 1990 | 2118692 |
| in-vitro activity of roxithromycin against branhamella catarrhalis. | | 1990 | 2120171 |
| ceftibuten--in-vitro activity against respiratory pathogens, beta-lactamase stability and mechanism of action. | the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten against respiratory pathogenic bacteria was studied and compared with that of other oral beta-lactam agents. ceftibuten displayed high activity against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. there was reduced activity against streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 16 mg/l). the protein binding of ceftibuten was 77% and the primary target site pbp 3. a high degree of stability to beta-lactamase hydrolysis was observed. | 1990 | 2120175 |
| temafloxacin in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | temafloxacin hydrochloride, a new fluoroquinolone, was given orally in doses of 300 or 600 mg twice daily for ten days to 36 patients, all hospitalized because of severe acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. sputum cultures before, during and after treatment showed that the infection was eliminated in 12/18 evaluable patients given 300 mg and in 13/16 receiving the 600 mg doses. haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae were effectively eliminated ... | 1990 | 2120178 |
| [respiratory infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis in 5 different hospitals]. | during 9 months (from january 1988 to september 1988), we experienced 82 patients (94 episodes) of respiratory infections with branhamella catarrhalis in 5 different hospitals. there were 11 patients of acute bronchitis, 8 patients of pneumonia, 56 patients of chronic bronchitis (68 episodes), 3 patients of bronchiectasis, 3 patients of bronchial asthma with infection and chronic pulmonary emphysema in one patient. ten cases of acute bronchitis and 3 cases of pneumonia had a recent history of co ... | 1990 | 2120497 |
| [isolation of branhamella catarrhalis from sputum and clinical features of bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis]. | the authors investigated the isolation of branhamella catarrhalis from sputum and the clinical features of bronchopulmonary infection due to b. catarrhalis from january of 1983 to december of 1987 at the hokusyo central hospital. b. catarrhalis was cultured from 106 (3.8%) of 5,674 sputum specimens. the isolation rate did not vary during the 5 years from 1983 to 1987. approximately 70% of the patients had some underlying bronchopulmonary disease. the strains of beta-lactamase-positive b. catarrh ... | 1990 | 2120499 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen. | branhamella catarrhalis was formerly regarded as a common, essentially harmless inhabitant of the pharynx. this misapprehension was caused, in part, by confusion with another pharyngeal resident, neisseria cinerea. the two organisms can now be differentiated by the positive reactions of b. catarrhalis in tests for nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of tributyrin and dnase. b. catarrhalis is currently recognized as the third most frequent cause of acute otitis media and acute sinusitis in young chi ... | 1990 | 2121328 |
| effect of low concentrations of clavulanic acid on the in-vitro activity of amoxycillin against beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. | concentrations of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid achievable in the respiratory tract following oral dosage were assessed for in-vitro activity against beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. in agar-dilution studies, 8 mg amoxycillin/l was required to inhibit 45 strains of beta-lactamase-producing b. catarrhalis, whereas all the strains were inhibited by 0.5 mg amoxycillin/l in the presence of 0.01 mg clavulanic acid/l. similarly, 0.1 mg amoxycillin p ... | 1990 | 2121699 |
| butyrate esterase (4-methylumbelliferyl butyrate) spot test, a simple method for immediate identification of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis [corrected]. | a total of 47 moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis strains, 89 strains of neisseria spp., and 82 strains of miscellaneous bacteria and yeasts were studied by using a fluorogenic spot method which detects butyrate esterase. a positive butyrate esterase spot test correctly differentiated m. catarrhalis from neisseria spp., which had a negative butyrate esterase spot test reaction. the test is rapid, simple, and easy to perform. the butyrate esterase spot test was useful for direct identification of ... | 1990 | 2121784 |
| pulmonary clearance and phagocytic cell response in a murine model of branhamella catarrhalis infection. | c5-sufficient swiss-webster mice (c5+) and c5-deficient dba/2j mice (c5-) when challenged endotracheally with 2 x 10(7) cfu of branhamella catarrhalis rapidly clear the lungs of viable bacteria in 48 h. this rapid clearance correlates with a striking influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils that is of equal magnitude in both c5+ and c5- animals. supernatant from todd-hewitt broth culture of b. catarrhalis exhibits in vivo chemotactic activity in the murine lung and in vitro chemotactic activity i ... | 1990 | 2121839 |
| changes in nasopharyngeal flora during otitis media of childhood. | the nasopharyngeal flora of healthy children were compared with flora in children with otitis media caused by nontypable haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. forty healthy children were followed prospectively and compared with 70 children with 43 episodes of nontypable h. influenzae, 21 episodes of s. pneumoniae and 28 episodes of m. catarrhalis otitis media. carriage of nontypable h. influenzae (95% vs. 65%, p less than 0.001), s. pneumoniae (91% vs. 52%, ... | 1990 | 2122410 |
| from micrococcus to moraxella. the reemergence of branhamella catarrhalis. | | 1990 | 2122824 |
| cytological and bacteriological aspects of secretory otitis media. | bacteriological and cytological examinations were performed on 105 middle ear secretions from 66 children with middle ear effusion (mee) of more than 3 months' duration. the secretions were searched for granulocytes and the activity of these cells was judged by their capacity for random locomotion and their ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium. the functional characteristics of the granulocytes were compared with the bacteriological findings on cultures from mee. bacteria commonly regarded as ... | 1990 | 2123111 |
| minimal criteria for identification of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | a study was performed which aimed at testing the reliability of our routine diagnostic tests for identification of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in clinical samples from the respiratory tract. a preliminary diagnosis of 122 isolates as moraxella catarrhalis was obtained by using colony morphology and results of gram stain and oxidase test as the sole diagnostic criteria. by using additional tests we could show that the preliminary diagnosis was incorrect for 21 isolates, which were classif ... | 1990 | 2123112 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and beta-lactamase characterization of branhamella catarrhalis isolates from 1983/1984 and 1988. | branhamella catarrhalis isolates from lower respiratory tract specimens collected in 1983/84 (n = 50) and 1988 (n = 30) were examined for beta-lactamase production. the percent of beta-lactamase-producing strains increased from 25% to 63% from 1983/84 to 1988. beta-lactamases from 30 strains could be typed, and of these 28 were of the bro-1 type and two the bro-2 type. the two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and brobactam were very active against beta-lactamase extracts whether of the ... | 1990 | 2123390 |
| the occurrence of branhamella catarrhalis and other commensal neisseriaceae in clinical sputum specimens in lagos, nigeria. | branhamella catarrhalis and other commensal neisseria species were isolated from 200 out of 500 sputum samples from patients with lower respiratory tract (lrt) infections at the lagos university teaching hospital (luth). b. catarrhalis was isolated from 60 (12%). the isolation rates for other neisseria species were as follows: n. mucosa from 45 (9%), n. sicca from 40 (8%), n. lactamica from 35 (7%), n. cinerea from 12 (2.4%) and n. subflava from 8 (1.6%). b. catarrhalis occurred in pure cultures ... | 1990 | 2123801 |
| life threatening branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in young infants. | branhamella catarrhalis is a common nasopharyngeal commensal organism but is also a recognised pathogen. lower respiratory tract infections caused by this organism have been reported in adults but not, to our knowledge, in otherwise healthy infants. two infants, born prematurely, suffered near fatal pneumonia. branhamella catarrhalis was the only microbial pathogen isolated in each case. we suggest that initial antibiotic therapy for severe pneumonia in young infants should be tailored to cover ... | 1990 | 2125625 |
| [pathogenesis of bacterial respiratory infection and new approach of the treatment]. | causative agents of respiratory infections has been changed because of increase in number of aged people and compromised host and the rapid development of new chemotherapeutic agents. especially branhamella catarrhalis (b. catarrhalis), which is very unique and has become a common respiratory pathogen, since 1980, in my department. attachment ability of b. catarrhalis to oropharyngeal cells coincided with the acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory infections by this bacterium and the same phe ... | 1990 | 2125670 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis: its respiratory pathogenicity in childhood]. | branhamella catarrhalis is a nasopharyngeal commensal which is being increasingly recognised as a pathogen, causing mainly infective exacerbations of chronic lung disease. it can also originate serious infections, like septicaemia, in patients with chronic predisposing conditions. during the period from 1979 to 1987, 22,501 respiratory tract samples from children were evaluated. ninety nine isolated of branhamella catarrhalis were identified (0.44%). patients' age extended from 12 days to 9 year ... | 1990 | 2125809 |
| respiratory tract carrier rates of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children and interpretation of the isolation of m. catarrhalis from sputum. | nonselective media and previously described selective media were used to study the occurrence of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in sputum samples of good and poor quality and in samples taken from different sites of the upper respiratory tracts of healthy subjects. it was found that in healthy adults the carrier rate was 5.4%, as opposed to 50.8% in children and 26.5% in people older than 60 years. m. catarrhalis was recovered significantly more often from sputum samples of good quality (5% ... | 1990 | 2126266 |
| labile type-specific antigen of moraxella catarrhalis. | by using hot acid extract and double-diffusion studies, an antigen isolated from clinical strains of moraxella catarrhalis, designated the c antigen, was studied. the antigen is labile, relatively trypsin insensitive, and either polysaccharide or glycoconjugate in nature. at least two serologically distinct c antigens have been identified. | 1990 | 2126268 |
| genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | two-high-level-tetracycline-resistance moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis strains were shown to carry dna sequences which hybridized with the tet b probe. the determinant appeared to be located in the chromosome and was nontransferable. | 1990 | 2126694 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new oral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522 was compared with the activities of cephalexin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefixime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate. mics (in micrograms/ml) of bay v 3522 were as follows: staphylococcus spp. (except for oxacillin-resistant strains), 0.13 to 1; streptococcus spp. (except for some viridans group streptococci), less than or equal to 0.015 to 0.25; enterococcus faecalis, 2 to 8; other enterococci, 0.5 to greater than 32; beta-lactamase-negative haemophilus influenzae and ... | 1990 | 2126697 |
| in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime against pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | the in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime, the active compound of the ester prodrug, cefpodoxime proxetil, was compared with that of other antibiotics. the susceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients with respiratory tract infections was determined by an agar dilution method. the mic90s of cefpodozime for ampicillin-sensitive and beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae were 0.12 and 0.25 mg/l, respectively; the mic90s for ampicillin-resistant non-beta-lactamase-producing str ... | 1990 | 2127267 |
| antimicrobial resistance among respiratory isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae in the united states. | a national surveillance study was conducted to determine trends in antimicrobial resistance patterns among three common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. fifteen participating u.s. medical centers submitted clinically significant isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae to two central laboratories for testing with a group of 12 antimicrobial agents. the majority of isolates were recovered from adult males great ... | 1990 | 2127342 |
| comparative in vitro activities of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) and other antimicrobial agents against staphylococci, enterococci, and respiratory tract pathogens. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) was compared with those of other antimicrobial agents against isolates of staphylococci, enterococci, and various respiratory tract pathogens. sparfloxacin was the most active drug tested against staphylococci (mic for 90% of the strains tested [mic90], 0.125 micrograms/ml) and enterococci (mic90, 1.0 microgram/ml). it was also active against haemophilus influenzae (mic90, less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml), moraxella (branhamella) ca ... | 1990 | 2127351 |
| in-vitro activity of cefodizime against respiratory pathogens. | the in-vitro activity of cefodizime was studied against respiratory pathogens and was compared with the activity of other beta-lactams, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. cefodizime displayed high activity against haemophilus influenzae (mic90 0.008 mg/l), branhamella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 0.5 mg/l). klebsiella spp. were less susceptible (mic90 2 mg/l). it was concluded that cefodizime should be a useful agent in the therapy of respiratory tract infections. | 1990 | 2127417 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new oral cephalosporin tested against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin, was assessed against 150 clinical isolates each of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. the mic90s for beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of h. influenzae were 8 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. for beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of b. catarrhalis, the bay v 3522 mic90s were 4 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. in general, bay v 3522 was less active against h. influenzae than a ... | 1990 | 2127558 |
| [bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis in patients with obstructive lung disease]. | during the period from february 1988 to april 1990, 214 sputum samples from copd patients with bronchopulmonary infection were quantitatively cultured. 17 strains were identified as branhamella catarrhalis, being present in 7.9% of all sputum cultures and 11.0% of those positive for a pathogen (quantity = 10(10)/l of isolated organism). half of b. catarrhalis infection was isolated in mixed with other pathogens. haemophilus influenza was the most frequently associated pathogen. the second was h. ... | 1990 | 2128216 |
| ear discharge after insertion of transmyringeal tubes. | the peroperative bacteriology and cytology of the middle ear have been studied in 103 ears in 65 children operated on due to longstanding secretory otitis media. within one month postoperatively, 12 ears (12%) showed signs of infection with discharge from the tube. ten out of these 12 ears showed peroperative growth of hemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, pneumococci or staphylococci in the middle ear effusions, a significant difference compared to ears without postoperative discharge ... | 1990 | 2128487 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infections]. | forty-six hospitalised patients with respiratory tract infections (rti) in whom branhamella catarrhalis had been isolated were evaluated. on average they were 70 years old, there were 39 males and 7 females, 89% of them were smokers. in 85% branhamella catarrhalis caused exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and in 15% the pneumonia. most cases of this infection were detected in december and january. in vitro 78% of strains formed beta lactamasis. all 46 isolations were sensitive to cyprofloxacin, ... | 1990 | 2129309 |
| branhamella catarrhalis peritonitis in two continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. | two cases of peritonitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis are presented. both occurred in capd patients dialyzed and hospitalized at the same institution, but no common source of infection could be found. branhamella catarrhalis infections can be difficult to treat and cause significant morbidity if not recognized early and treated aggressively with appropriate antibiotics. | 1990 | 2131805 |
| in vitro activity of tosufloxacin (a-60969) and clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031) against resistant haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis isolates. | the activity of tosufloxacin (a-60969), a new oral quinolone, and clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031), a new oral macrolide, was compared in vitro to that of other oral quinolones and beta-lactam antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of ampicillin and/or chloramphenicol resistant haemophilus influenzae, penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and beta-lactamase producing branhamella catarrhalis. results were compared to those for sensitive isolates. tosufloxacin was the most active c ... | 1990 | 2142647 |
| in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to other antibiotics against clinical bacterial isolates. | the in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to that of other antibiotics has been evaluated against 401 enterobacteriaceae, 20 h. influenzae, 17 branhamella catarrhalis and 71 staphylococci. cefonicid was always more active than cefazolin, and usually more active than cefamandole and cefuroxime against susceptible gram-negative organisms (e. coli, p. mirabilis, klebsiella, shigella, salmonella, h. influenzae). cefonicid was ineffective against most strains of enterobacter, citrobacter, s. marces ... | 1990 | 2164309 |
| the in-vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem against multiple resistant gram-negative bacteria. | one hundred and fifty gram-negative bacterial strains including respiratory pathogens, such as haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis, and enterobacteriaceae with known resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics were tested in vitro for sensitivity to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam (ratio 8:1), ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. a 16-fold or greater reduction in the mic90 of piperacillin was achieved by the addition of tazobactam, in the respiratory pathogens, thus ... | 1990 | 2164513 |
| [the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolone agents against pathogenic organisms in respiratory tract infections and its clinical effect]. | the efficacy rate, minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics), and resistance of fluoroquinolone agents against causative organisms in respiratory tract infections from january to march, 1988 were investigated. of 333 pathogenic strains 85% consisted of 5 major causative organisms of respiratory tract infection (haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus). in 61 (59 cases) of these 333 strains, including 3 cases of a ... | 1990 | 2176251 |
| pulmonary host defenses and oropharyngeal pathogens. | the lower respiratory tract is repetitively inoculated with oropharyngeal bacteria and yet pneumonia is an infrequent event. efficient mechanisms of antibacterial defense are present in the respiratory tract that eliminate microbes before their presence or multiplication leads to disease in the majority of instances. resident pulmonary defenses consist of aerodynamic defenses, the mucociliary apparatus, alveolar macrophages, complement, and surfactant. these resident defenses can be augmented by ... | 1990 | 2187343 |
| [randomized study of cefatrizine versus cefaclor in conjunctivitis otitis syndrome]. | the association conjunctivitis-otitis is highly suggestive of haemophilus influenzae infection. this conjunctivitis otitis syndrome could be a good model to assess the efficacy of different antibiotic regimen in the treatment of acute otitis media due to hi without tympanocentesis. this prospective randomized trial compared the efficacy of two orally cephalosporins which demonstrate in vitro an activity against hi. this study was conducted from 4.20.1988 to 3.15.1989 and involved 73 children wit ... | 1990 | 2200994 |
| overview of experience with ofloxacin in respiratory tract infection. | ofloxacin is highly active against common respiratory pathogens including haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis and has clinically applicable activity against streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. sputum, lung tissue and bronchial mucosal concentrations of ofloxacin equal or, in most cases significantly exceed the mics of such pathogens. these in vitro attributes are reflected in the results of the worldwide ofloxacin clinical trial program whic ... | 1990 | 2218424 |
| comparative in vitro activity of cefpirome and cefepime, two new cephalosporins. | in in vitro tests the broad-spectrum cephalosporins cefpirome and cefepime were highly active against enterobacteriaceae, although often less so against strains resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate and ticarcillin-clavulanate, and against most strains of acinetobacter spp. and aeromonas hydrophila. they were also active against pseudomonas aeruginosa, although strains with non-plasmid mediated beta-lactam resistance were sometimes less sensitive. other pseudomonas spp. varied in their sensitivit ... | 1990 | 2226498 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522. | the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ... | 1990 | 2226499 |
| [synergy between sulbactam and ampicillin or cefoperazone in antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase producing microorganisms. results with the use of microdilution broth method]. | antimicrobial activities of sulbactam (sbt) with ampicillin (abpc) or with cefoperazone (cpz), in other words, the effects of sbt, an beta-lactamase inhibitor, against beta-lactamase producing strains of clinical isolates, were studied using microdilution broth method. 1. beta-lactamase producing strains such as staphylococcus aureus, branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae decompose benzylpenicillin (pcg) which is one of substrates of the acid ... | 1990 | 2232151 |
| [studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (iii). distribution of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infections visiting 21 private clinics in the tohoku district of japan]. | the bacteriology of the isolates from the throat swab and the sputum respectively of 2,539 patients with respiratory infections visiting 21 private clinics in tohoku district of japan during the period from january to april in 1989 was documented. of the 2,539 patients, 1,694 had an acute upper respiratory infection, 609 had acute bronchitis, 46 had acute pneumonia, 84 had acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory infections and 106 had respiratory infections without diagnosis registered. 1887 ( ... | 1990 | 2243193 |
| [studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (iv). antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infections visiting 21 private clinics in the tohoku district of japan]. | we determined the mics of ampicillin, methicillin, cefaclor, cefixime, cefteram, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against a total of 1,448 strains from 11 species: 464 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 306 strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, 114 strains of streptococcus pyogenes, 37 strains of branhamella catarrhalis, 329 strains of haemophilus influenzae, 32 strains of escherichia coli, 66 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, 26 strains of enterobacter cloacae, 20 strains of serratia marcescens, 12 st ... | 1990 | 2243194 |
| controversies in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. | an increasing number of cases of sore throat caused by group a beta-hemolytic streptococci occur with concomitant colonization by organisms that may "protect" the streptococci through beta-lactamase inactivation of penicillin at the site of infection. the failure of penicillin to eradicate many of these bacteria, which include staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis and a multitude of pharyngeal anaerobes, may help to explain why penicillin is sometimes ... | 1990 | 2244548 |
| circulation in italy of beta-lactamase-producing strains within the major groups of bacterial pathogens. | a multicenter study was undertaken in italy to assess the circulation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms and their current incidence within the major groups of bacterial pathogens. almost four thousand strains, all freshly isolated from clinical material, were examined at four centers serving different areas of italy. despite some significant center-to-center differences, this survey documented the occurrence of a large overall circulation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms among clinical ... | 1990 | 2253734 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 against 229 aerobic and 330 anaerobic clinical isolates was determined using the agar dilution technique. for comparison, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, cefadroxil, cefuroxime, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, co-trimoxazole, doxycycline, erythromycin and metronidazole (only anaerobic bacteria) were tested. bay v 3522 was found to have high activity against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, en ... | 1990 | 2261923 |
| treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections with oral cefuroxime axetil. | the subjects were adult hospitalized patients, 12 with pneumonia and eight with acute bronchitis. the patients with pneumonia received 500 mg of cefuroxime orally twice daily and the patients with bronchitis received 250 mg twice daily. treatment lasted for ten days in responsive patients. the pathogens identified in the patients' sputum were streptococcus pneumoniae, klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, enterobacter aerogenes, staphylococcus aureus, or branhamella catarrhalis. clinica ... | 1990 | 2268866 |
| role of new cephamycins in the management of obstetric and gynecologic infections. | the results of in vitro and in vivo studies of cefmetazole, a second-generation cephamycin, were reviewed. cefmetazole's spectrum of activity includes clinical coverage of many enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, streptococci, haemophilus species, pathogenic neisseria organisms, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis and anaerobic bacteria. cefmetazole is generally two to eight times more potent than cefoxitin against organisms within their spectra and is most active against staphylococci (minimal i ... | 1990 | 2277375 |
| ofloxacin concentrations in tissues involved in respiratory tract infections. | the literature on the penetration of ofloxacin from blood to respiratory tissue and secretions in patients is reviewed. in patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis ofloxacin has a cmax value in sputum of 2.7 mg/l after a 400 mg oral dose, 6.1 mg/l after 600 mg and 6.3 mg/l after 800 mg. penetration from blood to sputum varied from 80 to 100%. the concentration of ofloxacin in bronchial aspirate, 1 to 6 h after a single oral dose of 400 mg, varied between 1.1 and 4.5 mg/l. ... | 1990 | 2286591 |
| a double-blind comparison of low-dose ofloxacin and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the efficacy and safety of ofloxacin 400 mg once daily and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid 500/125 mg three times daily were compared in a double-blind manner in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. of 102 patients enrolled, 95 (93%) could be assessed for effectiveness. treatment success was achieved in 41 (84%) of 49 patients in the ofloxacin group compared with 41 (89%) of 46 patients in the amoxycillin/clavulanic acid group. one patient who received ofloxacin and four patien ... | 1990 | 2286595 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. reported by the research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antibacterial agents at 64 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory and the tests were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls in which susceptibilities are classified into "s", "ms", "i" and "r". ipm showed markedly high in vit ... | 1990 | 2287060 |
| epidemiological features and chemotherapy of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | the epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory tract infections (rti) is reviewed with emphasis on acute pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, epiglottitis and pneumonia. the numerical importance of upper respiratory tract infections is stressed and their economic impact discussed. community-acquired pneumonia, although less common, is a more serious infection with a frequent requirement for hospitalization. the heterogeneous microbial aetiology of rti is stressed, together with the impact t ... | 1990 | 2292531 |
| [studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (ii). distribution and antibiotic sensitivity to 45 agents of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infections visiting a doctor in private practice]. | the bacteriology of the isolates from the sputum or the throat swab of patients with respiratory infections visiting a doctor in private practice in sendai city during the period from march in 1988 to february in 1989 was documented, and their sensitivity to 45 antimicrobial agents was determined. of the 568 patients, 514 cases had acute pharyngitis, 8 cases each had acute tonsillitis and acute bronchitis, 7 cases were acute pneumonia, 6 cases had herpangina, 18 cases had hand-foot-mouth disease ... | 1990 | 2335751 |
| [evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the treatment of respiratory tract infections]. | imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs) was administered to 55 patients with respiratory tract infections (rti). a clinical evaluation of ipm/cs was carried out in 51 patients, 28 with pneumonia, 4 with pulmonary abscess, 1 with pyothorax, 6 with bronchitis, 9 with bronchiectasis, 1 with diffuse panbronchiolitis and 2 with rti with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the clinical efficacy rate was 78.4%. causative organisms were isolated in 23 strains out of 20 patients, such as staphylococcu ... | 1990 | 2348550 |
| decreased absence due to infectious diseases in children at two day care centres over an eight-year interval. | causes of absence were recorded at two day care centres during a seven-month period in 1979/80 and a corresponding period in 1987/88, for 82 and 87 children, respectively. during the eight-year interval absence due to disease decreased from 8.2% to 5.7% of total day-care days. a decrease in epidemic diseases during the eight years was evident. there were no cases of morbilli, parotitis or rubella in 1987/88, following an immunisation programme for these diseases initiated in 1982. an out-break o ... | 1990 | 2349881 |
| the in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime: a comparison with other oral cephalosporins. | the in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime was studied in 529 clinical isolates and compared with the activity of other oral beta-lactams. amongst the enterobacteriaceae cefpodoxime was very active (mic90 less than or equal to 1 mg/l--other than genera commonly possessing chromosomal beta-lactamases). against these strains cefpodoxime was comparable in activity to cefixime and about eight-fold more active than cefuroxime and 8-16-fold more active than cefaclor and cephalexin. staphylococcus aureus str ... | 1990 | 2351624 |
| the microbiology of chronic sinus disease in children with respiratory allergy. | chronic maxillary sinusitis is common in children with respiratory allergy and is associated with increased morbidity. the bacteriology of chronic sinus disease in these children has not been adequately evaluated. between may 1987 and january 1988, 12 children (aged 3 to 9 years), all with documented respiratory allergy and chronic respiratory symptoms consistent with chronic sinusitis (greater than 30 days), were fully evaluated. history, physical examination, complete blood count, nasal smear, ... | 1990 | 2355153 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new cephalosporin, compared with activities of other agents. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new aminobenzothiazol cephem, was compared with those of other oral beta-lactams. bay v 3522 displayed high activity against staphylococcus spp. (mics for 90% of strains tested [mic90s], 0.5 micrograms/ml), streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90, 0.06 micrograms/ml), and haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis (mic90s, 2 micrograms/ml). there was limited activity against members of the family enterobacteriaceae, with the mic90s being between 4 and great ... | 1990 | 2360820 |
| [activity of cefuroxime against bacterial strains isolated from acute otitis media]. | the acute otitis media is a frequent infantile disease and, in 80% of cases, a bacterial strain can be isolated from the otorrhoea. haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae are the two major species isolated from auricular exudate, and represent two thirds of all isolated strains, with the others comprising staphylococcus aureus, branhamella catarrhalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacteriaceae and corynebacteria. the treatment of this disease is based principally on beta-lactams (a ... | 1990 | 2367151 |
| [clinical examination of ceftibuten in acute bronchitis]. | clinical evaluation of ceftibuten (cetb, 7432-s) was performed in 20 patients with acute bronchitis. they were consisted of 10 males and 10 females aged from 20 to 80 years old. cetb was given orally in daily dose of 300 mg (18 cases) or 600 mg (2 cases) in three divided portions. the duration of administration was 3 to 14 days. especially they were given for 7 days in 16 cases. a total of 11 strains comprising 4 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 2 strains of beta-streptococcus and 1 strain each ... | 1990 | 2391747 |
| comparative in vitro activity of win 57273, a new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent. | the in vitro activity of win 57273, a new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent, was evaluated against approximately 600 bacterial isolates. the new drug was 4- to 128-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against a broad range of gram-positive organisms, with the new drug inhibiting 90% of strains of each species except enterococcus faecium at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. win 57273 was four- to eightfold less active than ciprofloxacin against many members of the family ... | 1990 | 2393275 |
| oral cephalosporins in perspective. | oral cephalosporins, after 25 years of use, continue to present the clinician with a therapeutic challenge. the older agents have been extensively prescribed for ambulatory adult and pediatric patients with a wide variety of infections caused by gram-positive and some gram-negative organisms. the newer agents, cefaclor, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime, have increased in vitro activity against beta-lactamase-secreting strains of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis which has made th ... | 1990 | 2405586 |
| therapy of otitis media. | the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, complications and sequelae, and therapy of otitis media are reviewed. otitis media is one of the most common infections in infants and children. epidemiologic studies have identified season of the year, bottle versus breast feeding, socioeconomic status, race, sex, and daycare attendance as factors associated with the occurrence of otitis media. the condition is believed to arise secondary to eustachian tube dysfunction in the presence of viral or bacte ... | 1990 | 2406100 |
| analysis of cell division gene ftsz (sulb) from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | the ftsz (sulb) gene of escherichia coli codes for a 40,000-dalton protein that carries out a key step in the cell division pathway. the presence of an ftsz gene protein in other bacterial species was examined by a combination of southern blot and western blot analyses. southern blot analysis of genomic restriction digests revealed that many bacteria, including species from six members of the family enterobacteriaceae and from pseudomonas aeruginosa and agrobacterium tumefaciens, contained seque ... | 1987 | 2432055 |
| aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospital treated patients. | from may 1982 a prospective 1-year study of adult patients with community-acquired, radiologically verified, hospital treated pneumonia was performed at the department of infectious diseases, orebro medical center hospital, orebro, sweden. the study included 147 patients with a median age of 71 years. special efforts to diagnose a pneumococcal aetiology were accomplished by antigen detection of the pneumococcal c-polysaccharide (pnc) in sputum and saliva samples and by serological methods for de ... | 1987 | 2447637 |
| spectrum and mode of action of azithromycin (cp-62,993), a new 15-membered-ring macrolide with improved potency against gram-negative organisms. | the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (cp-62,993; 9-deoxo-9a-methyl-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin a; also designated xz-450 [pliva pharmaceuticals, zagreb, yugoslavia]) showed a significant improvement in potency against gram-negative organisms compared with erythromycin while retaining the classic erythromycin spectrum. it was up to four times more potent than erythromycin against haemophilus influenzae and neisseria gonorrhoeae and twofold more potent against branhamella catarrhalis, campylobacte ... | 1987 | 2449865 |
| branhamella catarrhalis activates human b lymphocytes following interactions with surface igd and class i major histocompatibility complex antigens. | branhamella catarrhalis initiated dna synthesis in human blood or spleen cells enriched for b lymphocytes but did not activate t-lymphocyte-enriched fractions. monoclonal antibodies were used to determine which b-cell surface molecules were of importance for the activation signal. the addition of monoclonal antibodies reactive with igd, hla class i antigens, and b2-microglobulin to b lymphocyte cultures selectively inhibited the b-lymphocyte response to b. catarrhalis. antibody binding to igd an ... | 1988 | 2449982 |
| histamine release from human pulmonary mast cells induced by bacterial antigens. | antigens of four bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus viridans, branhamella catarrhalis) were tested for their ability to release histamine from human pulmonary mast cells recovered by means of bronchoalveolar lavages. for the sake of comparison the action of bacterial antigens on human mesenteric and adenoidal mast cells obtained by enzymatic dispersion of the tissues was studied. bal mast cells released histamine in response to all studied bacterial antigens. ... | 1988 | 2468267 |
| the envelope structure of branhamella catarrhalis as studied by transmission electron microscopy. | the envelope structure of branhamella catarrhalis was studied by electron microscopy and compared with that of other bacteria of the family neisseriaceae, such as moraxella lacunata subsp. liquefaciens and neisseria gonorrhoeae. negative staining of b. catarrhalis showed a mamilliform surface similar to that of moraxella. on thin sections, the cell wall appeared to be made up of a wavy outer membrane tightly linked to a straight peptidoglycan layer. spicule-like structures protruded from the cel ... | 1988 | 2472827 |
| surface-exposed and antigenically conserved determinants of outer membrane proteins of branhamella catarrhalis. | the outer membrane proteins (omps) of branhamella catarrhalis were studied in an effort to identify surface-exposed determinants that are conserved among strains of the bacterium. aliquots of polyclonal antiserum were absorbed individually by strains of b. catarrhalis. the absorbed antisera were tested in comparison with unabsorbed antiserum in an immunoblot assay against omps of the homologous strain. the absence of a band recognized by antibodies in the absorbed antiserum compared with the una ... | 1989 | 2476393 |
| [current bacteriologic status and therapeutic results in acute otitis media in children aged over 3 months]. | 355 children, 3 months to 15 years old, presenting with acute otitis media, underwent a bacteriological study of otitis exsudate. from november 1985 to september 1987, 162 myringotomy and 149 acute otitis media spontaneously discharging were studied in paris. from october 1981 to september 1987, 62 myringotomy and 46 spontaneously discharging acute otitis were studied in valognes. there was none pathogenic bacterium in respectively 20 and 14% of the samples. two or more pathogenic bacterium were ... | 1989 | 2491709 |
| branhamella catarrhalis infections. | branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis is responsible for a significant number of bronchopulmonary infections in adults, as well as otitis media and sinusitis in children. this gram-negative diplococcus is indistinguishable from neisseria gonorrhoeae on gram-stained smear. many strains of the organism produce beta-lactamase and are resistant to the penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics. when b. catarrhalis is the probable pathogen, a beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic is the initial drug o ... | 1989 | 2492736 |
| tributyrin hydrolysis for identifying branhamella catarrhalis. | | 1989 | 2493488 |
| branhamella infections. an increasingly common respiratory illness. | branhamella catarrhalis is an important cause of acute sinusitis and otitis media in children and of acute tracheobronchitis in older persons with underlying chronic lung disease or a suppressed immune system. clinical presentation of b catarrhalis infection varies from a mild, self-limiting disease to severe pneumonia, but most cases are mild to moderate in severity. infection occurs sporadically, and endogenous spread from the oropharynx is the likely mechanism. the keys to diagnosis are a hig ... | 1989 | 2494649 |
| bacteriology of otitis media with effusion. | a study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria present in the middle ear of patients with otitis media with effusion. middle ear effusions (mee), nasopharyngeal and throat swabs were obtained at operation and cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. two hundred and fifty-nine effusions were obtained from 152 subjects examined. haemophilus influenzae was isolated from 32 (12.3 per cent) effusions, streptococcus pneumoniae from seven (2.7 per cent), ... | 1989 | 2495334 |
| acute otitis media and respiratory virus infections. | we studied the association of acute otitis media with different respiratory virus infections in a pediatric department on the basis of epidemics between 1980 and 1985. altogether 4524 cases of acute otitis media were diagnosed. the diagnosis was confirmed by tympanocentesis in 3332 ears. respiratory virus infection was diagnosed during the same period in 989 patients by detecting viral antigen in nasopharyngeal mucus. there was a significant correlation between acute otitis media and respiratory ... | 1989 | 2495520 |
| emerging pathogens in nosocomial pneumonia. | the organisms responsible for nosocomial pneumonia are continuously evolving. gram-negative bacilli have become the most common etiologic agents over the past 20 years, and with this evolution has come a better understanding of the pathogenesis of gram-negative bacillary pneumonia. some gram-positive cocci, such as enterococci, group b beta hemolytic streptococci and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, haven taken on new significance in nosocomial respiratory infections. streptococcus p ... | 1989 | 2495944 |
| symptomatic bacteriuria caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | | 1989 | 2496172 |
| branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in non-immunocompromised pediatric patients: report of three cases and review of the literature. | branhamella catarrhalis (b.c.) is found as a commensal in the upper respiratory tract of a healthy individual. we report three pediatric patients with bronchopneumonia allegedly caused by b. catarrhalis. all of them were intubated and on a mechanical ventilation (following either elective surgery or trauma) while the infection developed. although b. catarrhalis has been thought to be penicillin sensitive, an increased frequency of beta-lactamase producing b. catarrhalis has been noted recently. ... | 1989 | 2496194 |
| tracheitis and supraglottis associated with branhamella catarrhalis and respiratory syncytial virus. | | 1989 | 2496395 |
| pneumonia due to moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | branhamella catarrhalis is a neisseriae-like organism that is the newest member of the family of pneumonic pathogens. the organism is seasonal, encountered only during the respiratory disease season. the majority of patients with pneumonia (80% to 90%) have underlying chronic pulmonary disease, and their clinical illness may be difficult to distinguish from exacerbations of lung disease by other causes. b catarrhalis is the most common bacterial pathogen in this setting after haemophilus influen ... | 1989 | 2496450 |
| in vitro activity of cefpodoxime proxetil (u-76,252; cs-807) against clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. | cefpodoxime proxetil (u-76,252; cs-807) is a new esterified oral cephem antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum. since data regarding the activity of cefpodoxime against branhamella catarrhalis are limited, we tested its activity against 200 b. catarrhalis isolates. the drug was highly active against beta-lactamase-negative and -positive isolates; 99% of all strains tested showed a cefpodoxime proxetil mic of less than or equal to 2.0 micrograms/ml. | 1989 | 2496654 |
| branhamella catarrhalis in lower respiratory tract secretions in adults. | findings in specimens from the lower respiratory tract were reviewed in order to assess the role of branhamella catarrhalis in broncho-pulmonary infections. branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from the first sample of good quality in 68 (6.7%) of 1,016 patients. in 36 there was pure growth, and review of patients charts suggested a diagnosis of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in 12 cases. | 1989 | 2497001 |
| branhamella catarrhalis as a cause of suppurative arthritis. | | 1989 | 2497437 |
| histamine synthesis by respiratory tract micro-organisms: possible role in pathogenicity. | five bacterial species considered to be potential pathogens in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, and pneumonia--branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus parainfluenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae--were evaluated for their potential to synthesise histamine in vitro. bacterial species commonly isolated from infected sputum but generally not considered to be pathogenic--enterobacteriacae, neisseria pharyngis, coagulase negative s ... | 1989 | 2499609 |
| supersusceptibility to hydrophobic antimicrobial agents and cell surface hydrophobicity in branhamella catarrhalis. | to clarify the cause of the supersusceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis to macrolide antibiotics, which are well-known to be inactive to most gram-negative bacteria, we determined its cell surface hydrophobicity by the partition experiment between water and hydrocarbons. its cell surface was found to be markedly more hydrophobic than that of escherichia coli or pseudomonas aeruginosa cells. this suggested that the outer membrane of b. catarrhalis plays no role as a diffusion barrier towards h ... | 1989 | 2500380 |
| subacute sinusitis in children. | the bacteriologic characteristics of subacute maxillary sinusitis have not been delineated in the pediatric age group. forty children between the ages of 2 and 12 years with respiratory symptoms for at least 30 but less than 120 days were evaluated. nasal discharge and cough were the most prominent symptoms. common radiographic findings were diffuse opacification and mucosal thickenings. sinus aspiration was performed on 52 sinuses of 40 children. bacterial colony counts greater than or equal to ... | 1989 | 2500511 |
| isolation of the outer membrane of branhamella catarrhalis. | the emergence of branhamella catarrhalis as an important human pathogen has stimulated interest in investigations of the outer membrane (om) of the bacterium. in this study, the om of b. catarrhalis was isolated and partially characterized. radiolabelled cells were lysed and fractionated by isopycnic centrifugation in a continuous sucrose gradient. five fractions were identified. fraction a consisted of om fragments of varying density. fractions b and c were om of a discrete density containing s ... | 1989 | 2500575 |
| comparison of the quadferm+ 2-hr identification system with conventional carbohydrate degradation tests for confirmatory identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the quadferm+ (analytab products, plainview, ny) rapid identification system was evaluated for its ability to identify correctly neisseria gonorhoeae isolates from specimens obtained at a sexually transmitted disease clinic. one hundred eighty-five isolates (115 n. gonorrhoeae, 45 neisseria meningitidis, 16 neisseria species, and nine branhamella catarrhalis; fresh isolates, frozen stock cultures, and cultures referred from local health agencies) were tested with the quadferm+ system and convent ... | 1989 | 2500720 |
| branhamella catarrhalis bacteremia in children. | two cases of branhamella catarrhalis bacteremia in childhood are presented. the literature is reviewed for this unusual cause of bacteremia. | 1989 | 2500833 |
| adenoids and otitis media with effusion: nasopharyngeal flora. | in order to clarify the role of the microflora of the nasopharynx and adenoids as causative factors of otitis media with effusion (ome), bacteriologic species in middle ear effusions (mees), nasopharyngeal smears, and adenoid tissues of children with ome were cultured. the change in the microflora of the nasopharynx after adenoidectomy, and the degree of bacterial agreement between the microflora of the nasopharynx and adenoid tissue were investigated. nasopharyngeal bacterial flora were investi ... | 1989 | 2500860 |
| branhamella catarrhalis as a cause of pneumonia in a patient with miliary tuberculosis. | branhamella catarrhalis is increasingly reported as a cause of pneumonia in the immunocompromised host. the authors here report what they believe to be a unique case of b catarrhalis bronchopneumonia in a patient who had previously acquired miliary tuberculosis. the patient initially responded to medication but died suddenly following a brief episode of febrile illness. at autopsy, several lines of evidence implicated b catarrhalis in the findings. the authors review the literature regarding cas ... | 1989 | 2501241 |