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reduction of aeromonas hidrophyla biofilm on stainless stell surface by essential oils.this study demonstrates the possibility of using sanitizing detergents based on natural products for the elimination and/or reduction of aeromonas hydrophila biofilm formed on stainless steel surfaces. the goal of this work was to determine the reduction effect of sanitizing detergents containing essential oils of thymus vulgaris (thyme) and cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) on biofilm formed by a. hydrophila on aisi 304 stainless steel coupons, using uht skimmed milk as substratum. there was adh ...201324159286
detection of escherichia coli via voc profiling using secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (sesi-ms).escherichia coli o157:h7 (ec o157:h7), as well as its recently emerging non-o157 relatives, are a notorious group of pathogenic bacteria associated with foodborne outbreaks. in this study, we demonstrated that secondary electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (sesi-ms) could be a rapid and accurate detection technology for foodborne pathogens. with sesi-ms volatile organic compound (voc) profiling, we were able to detect and separate a group of eleven e. coli strains from two major foodborne b ...201323541210
quantification of yeast and bacterial gene transcripts in retail cheeses by reverse transcription-quantitative pcr.the cheese microbiota contributes to a large extent to the development of the typical color, flavor, and texture of the final product. its composition is not well defined in most cases and varies from one cheese to another. the aim of the present study was to establish procedures for gene transcript quantification in cheeses by reverse transcription-quantitative pcr. total rna was extracted from five smear-ripened cheeses purchased on the retail market, using a method that does not involve prior ...201323124230
structure-based conversion of the coenzyme requirement of a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase involved in bacterial alginate metabolism.the alginate-assimilating bacterium, sphingomonas sp. strain a1, degrades the polysaccharides to monosaccharides through four alginate lyase reactions. the resultant monosaccharide, which is nonenzymatically converted to 4-deoxy-l-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronate (deh), is further metabolized to 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate by nadph-dependent reductase a1-r in the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (sdr) family. a1-r-deficient cells produced another deh reductase, designated a1-r', with a preference ...201425288804
whole genome and transcriptome analyses of environmental antibiotic sensitive and multi-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exposed to waste water and tap water.the fitness of sensitive and resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in different aquatic environments depends on genetic capacities and transcriptional regulation. therefore, an antibiotic-sensitive isolate pa30 and a multi-resistant isolate pa49 originating from waste waters were compared via whole genome and transcriptome illumina sequencing after exposure to municipal waste water and tap water. a number of different genomic islands (e.g. pagis, papis) were identified in the two environmental isolat ...201425186059
whole genome and transcriptome analyses of environmental antibiotic sensitive and multi-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exposed to waste water and tap water.the fitness of sensitive and resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in different aquatic environments depends on genetic capacities and transcriptional regulation. therefore, an antibiotic-sensitive isolate pa30 and a multi-resistant isolate pa49 originating from waste waters were compared via whole genome and transcriptome illumina sequencing after exposure to municipal waste water and tap water. a number of different genomic islands (e.g. pagis, papis) were identified in the two environmental isolat ...201425186059
microencapsulation, chemical characterization, and antimicrobial activity of mexican (lippia graveolens h.b.k.) and european (origanum vulgare l.) oregano essential oils.the effect of solvent polarity (methanol and pentane) on the chemical composition of hydrodistilled essential oils (eo's) of lippia graveolens h.b.k. (mxo) and origanum vulgare l. (euo) was studied by gc-ms. composition of modified starch microencapsulated eo's was conducted by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (hs-spme). the antimicrobial activity of free and microencapsulated eo's was evaluated. they were tested against salmonella sp., brochothrix thermosphacta, pseudomonas fragi, lactobac ...201425177730
a selected core microbiome drives the early stages of three popular italian cheese manufactures.mozzarella (m), grana padano (gp) and parmigiano reggiano (pr) are three of the most important traditional italian cheeses. in the three cheese manufactures the initial fermentation is carried out by adding natural whey cultures (nwcs) according to a back-slopping procedure. in this study, nwcs and the corresponding curds from m, gp and pr manufactures were analyzed by culture-independent pyrosequencing of the amplified v1-v3 regions of the 16s rrna gene, in order to provide insights into the mi ...201424586960
the study of nickel resistant bacteria (nirb) isolated from wastewaters polluted with different industrial sources.pollution due to the heavy metals is a problem that may have negative consequences on the hydrosphere. one of the best procedures in removing the toxic metals from the environment is using metal resistant bacteria.201424475932
acrolein modification impairs key functional features of rat apolipoprotein e: identification of modified sites by mass spectrometry.apolipoprotein e (apoe), an antiatherogenic apolipoprotein, plays a significant role in the metabolism of lipoproteins. it lowers plasma lipid levels by acting as a ligand for the low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr) family of proteins, in addition to playing a role in promoting macrophage cholesterol efflux in atherosclerotic lesions. the objective of this study is to examine the effect of acrolein modification on the structure and function of rat apoe and to determine the sites and nature o ...201424325674
biotechnological production of 1,2,4-butanetriol: an efficient process to synthesize energetic material precursor from renewable biomass.1,2,4-butanetriol (bt) is a valuable chemical with extensive applications in many different fields. the traditional chemical routes to synthesize bt suffer from many drawbacks, e.g., harsh reaction conditions, multiple steps and poor selectivity, limiting its industrial production. in this study, an engineered escherichia coli strain was constructed to produce bt from xylose, which is a major component of the lignocellulosic biomass. through the coexpression of a xylose dehydrogenase (ccxylb) an ...201526670289
the selective expression of carbonic anhydrase genes of aspergillus nidulans in response to changes in mineral nutrition and co2 concentration.carbonic anhydrase (ca) plays an important role in the formation and evolution of life. however, to our knowledge, there has been no report on ca isoenzyme function differentiation in fungi. two different ca gene sequences in aspergillus nidulans with clear genetic background provide us a favorable basis for studying function differentiation of ca isoenzymes. heterologously expressed ca1 was used to test its weathering ability on silicate minerals and real-time quantitative pcr was used to detec ...201526553629
the selective expression of carbonic anhydrase genes of aspergillus nidulans in response to changes in mineral nutrition and co2 concentration.carbonic anhydrase (ca) plays an important role in the formation and evolution of life. however, to our knowledge, there has been no report on ca isoenzyme function differentiation in fungi. two different ca gene sequences in aspergillus nidulans with clear genetic background provide us a favorable basis for studying function differentiation of ca isoenzymes. heterologously expressed ca1 was used to test its weathering ability on silicate minerals and real-time quantitative pcr was used to detec ...201526553629
intra- and inter-species interactions within biofilms of important foodborne bacterial pathogens.a community-based sessile life style is the normal mode of growth and survival for many bacterial species. under such conditions, cell-to-cell interactions are inevitable and ultimately lead to the establishment of dense, complex and highly structured biofilm populations encapsulated in a self-produced extracellular matrix and capable of coordinated and collective behavior. remarkably, in food processing environments, a variety of different bacteria may attach to surfaces, survive, grow, and for ...201526347727
contribution of disulfide bridges to the thermostability of a type a feruloyl esterase from aspergillus usamii.the contribution of disulfide bridges to the thermostability of a type a feruloyl esterase (aufaea) from aspergillus usamii e001 was studied by introducing an extra disulfide bridge or eliminating a native one from the enzyme. modip and dbd, two computational tools that can predict the possible disulfide bridges in proteins for thermostability improvement, and molecular dynamics (md) simulations were used to design the extra disulfide bridge. one residue pair a126-n152 was chosen, and the respec ...201525969986
residue asn277 affects the stability and substrate specificity of the smg1 lipase from malassezia globosa.thermostability and substrate specificity are important characteristics of enzymes for industrial application, which can be improved by protein engineering. smg1 lipase from malassezia globosa is a mono- and diacylglycerol lipase (mdl) that shows activity toward mono- and diacylglycerols, but no activity toward triacylglycerols. smg1 lipase is considered a potential biocatalyst applied in oil/fat modification and its crystal structure revealed that an interesting residue-asn277 may contribute to ...201525837472
novel food packaging systems with natural antimicrobial agents.a new type of packaging that combines food packaging materials with antimicrobial substances to control microbial surface contamination of foods to enhance product microbial safety and to extend shelf-life is attracting interest in the packaging industry. several antimicrobial compounds can be combined with different types of packaging materials. but in recent years, since consumer demand for natural food ingredients has increased because of safety and availability, these natural compounds are b ...201526396358
chemotherapeutic potential of cow urine: a review.in the grim scenario where presently about 70% of pathogenic bacteria are resistant to at least one of the drugs for the treatment, cue is to be taken from traditional/indigenous medicine to tackle it urgently. the indian traditional knowledge emanates from ayurveda, where bos indicus is placed at a high pedestal for numerous uses of its various products. urine is one of the products of a cow with many benefits and without toxicity. various studies have found good antimicrobial activity of cow's ...201526401404
mining proteomic data to expose protein modifications in methanosarcina mazei strain gö1.proteomic tools identify constituents of complex mixtures, often delivering long lists of identified proteins. the high-throughput methods excel at matching tandem mass spectrometry data to spectra predicted from sequence databases. unassigned mass spectra are ignored, but could, in principle, provide valuable information on unanticipated modifications and improve protein annotations while consuming limited quantities of material. strategies to "mine" information from these discards are presente ...201525798134
expression of recombinant human lysozyme in egg whites of transgenic hens.chicken egg lysozyme (cly) is an enzyme with 129 amino acid (aa) residue enzyme. this enzyme is present not only in chicken egg white but also in mucosal secretions such as saliva and tears. the antibacterial properties of egg white can be attributed to the presence of lysozyme, which is used as an anti-cancer drug and for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. in this study, we constructed a lentiviral vector containing a synthetic cly signal peptide and a 447 bp synthet ...201525706123
comparative metabolic state of microflora on the surface of the anode electrode in a microbial fuel cell operated at different ph conditions.the metabolic state of microflora (mixed microbial cultures) in microbial fuel cells (mfcs) is currently unclear. metabolomic analyses were conducted of microflora growing on the anodic electrodes of mfcs operated at ph 7.0, 5.5, or 4.0 and utilizing starch as the major carbon substrate. a much higher current was produced at ph 7.0 than at ph 5.5 and 4.0, correlating with an increased population ratio of geobacter species to the total bacteria growing on the electrode. most intracellular metabol ...201628000139
in situ cultivation allows for recovery of bacterial types competitive in their natural environment.standard cultivation fails to grow most microorganisms, whereas in situ cultivation allows for the isolation of comparatively diverse and novel microorganisms. information on similarities and differences in the physiological properties of isolates obtained from in situ cultivation and standard cultivation is limited. therefore, we used the arctic sediment samples and compared two culture collections obtained using standard and novel cultivation techniques. even though there was no temperature se ...201627682804
comparison and interpretation of taxonomical structure of bacterial communities in two types of lakes on yun-gui plateau of china.bacterial communities from freshwater lakes are shaped by various factors such as nutrients, ph value, temperature, etc. their compositions and relative abundances would undergo changes to adapt the changing environments, and in turn could affect the environments of freshwater lakes. analyses of the freshwater lake's bacterial communities under different environments would be of pivotal importance to monitor the condition of waterbody. in this study, we have collected freshwater samples from two ...201627461070
overlap of spoilage-associated microbiota between meat and the meat processing environment in small-scale and large-scale retail distributions.microbial contamination in food processing plants can play a fundamental role in food quality and safety. the aims of this study were to learn more about the possible influence of the meat processing environment on initial fresh meat contamination and to investigate the differences between small-scale retail distribution (sd) and large-scale retail distribution (ld) facilities. samples were collected from butcheries (n = 20), including ld (n = 10) and sd (n = 10) facilities, over two sampling ca ...201627129965
reducing salt in raw pork sausages increases spoilage and correlates with reduced bacterial diversity.raw sausages are perishable foodstuffs; reducing their salt content raises questions about a possible increased spoilage of these products. in this study, we evaluated the influence of salt reduction (from 2.0% to 1.5% [wt/wt]), in combination with two types of packaging (modified atmosphere [50% mix of co2-n2] and vacuum packaging), on the onset of spoilage and on the diversity of spoilage-associated bacteria. after 21 days of storage at 8°c, spoilage was easily observed, characterized by notic ...201627107120
relationship between milk microbiota, bacterial load, macronutrients, and human cells during lactation.human breast milk is considered the optimal nutrition for infants, providing essential nutrients and a broad range of bioactive compounds, as well as its own microbiota. however, the interaction among those components and the biological role of milk microorganisms is still uncovered. thus, our aim was to identify the relationships between milk microbiota composition, bacterial load, macronutrients, and human cells during lactation. bacterial load was estimated in milk samples from a total of 21 ...201627148183
microbial profiles at baseline and not the use of antibiotics determine the clinical outcome of the treatment of chronic periodontitis.antibiotics are often used in the treatment of chronic periodontitis, which is a major cause of tooth loss. however, evidence in favour of a microbial indication for the prescription of antibiotics is lacking, which may increase the risk of the possible indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and consequent, microbial resistance. here, using an open-ended technique, we report the changes in the subgingival microbiome up to one year post-treatment of patients treated with basic periodontal therapy wit ...201626830979
intrigues of biofilm: a perspective in veterinary medicine.biofilm has a tremendous impact in the field of veterinary medicine, especially the livestock industry, leading to a serious economic loss. over the years, little attention has been given to biofilm in animals with most of the research geared toward human biofilm diseases. the greatest challenge posed by biofilm is in its incredible ability to resist most of the currently existing antibiotics. this mystery can best be demystified through understanding the mechanism of the quorum sensing which re ...201627051178
bacterial diversity of floor drain biofilms and drain waters in a listeria monocytogenes contaminated food processing environment.sanitation protocols are applied on a daily basis in food processing facilities to prevent the risk of cross-contamination with spoilage organisms. floor drain water serves along with product-associated samples (slicer dust, brine or cheese smear) as an important hygiene indicator in monitoring listeria monocytogenes in food processing facilities. microbial communities of floor drains are representative for each processing area and are influenced to a large degree by food residues, liquid efflue ...201626881738
evaluation of the spoilage potential of bacteria isolated from chilled chicken in vitro and in situ.microorganisms play an important role in the spoilage of chilled chicken. in this study, a total of 53 isolates, belonging to 7 species of 3 genera, were isolated using a selective medium based on the capacity to spoil chicken juice. four isolates, namely aeromonas salmonicida 35, pseudomonas fluorescens h5, pseudomonas fragi h8 and serratia liquefaciens 17, were further characterized to assess their proteolytic activities in vitro using meat protein extracts and to evaluate their spoilage poten ...201728040161
population dynamics of vibrio and pseudomonas species isolated from farmed tasmanian atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.): a seasonal study.vibrio and pseudomonas species have been shown to be part of the normal microbiota of atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.), with some strains causing disease in fish. the factors affecting their prevalence and persistence in the salmon gut, however, have not been well studied. in this study, we collected 340 vibrio and 150 pseudomonas isolates from the hindgut of farmed tasmanian atlantic salmon, fed with two commercially available diets. samples were collected every 6-8 weeks between july 2011 and ...201425027277
microbiological changes, shelf life and identification of initial and spoilage microbiota of sea bream fillets stored under various conditions using 16s rrna gene analysis.sea bream fillets are one of the most important value-added products of the seafood market. fresh seafood spoils mainly owing to bacterial action. in this study an exploration of initial and spoilage microbiota of sea bream fillets stored under air and commercial modified atmosphere packaging (map) at 0 and 5 °c was conducted by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis of isolates grown on plates. sensory evaluation and enumeration of total viable counts and spoilage microorganisms were also conducted to ...201525312872
the effect of reduced sodium chloride content on the microbiological and biochemical properties of a soft surface-ripened cheese.many health authorities have targeted salt reduction in food products as a means to reduce dietary sodium intake due to the harmful effects associated with its excessive consumption. in the present work, we evaluated the effect of reducing sodium chloride (nacl) content on the microbiological and biochemical characteristics of an experimental surface-ripened cheese. a control cheese (1.8% nacl) and a cheese with a reduced nacl content (1.3% nacl) were sampled weekly over a period of 27d. reducin ...201626852809
structure of mycobacterial β-oxidation trifunctional enzyme reveals its altered assembly and putative substrate channeling pathway.the incidence of tuberculosis is increasing due to the appearance of new drug-resistant variants. a thorough understanding of the disease organism is essential in order to create more effective drugs. in an attempt to understand better the poorly studied lipid metabolism of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), we identified and characterized its fatty acid β-oxidation complex (trifunctional enzyme (tfe)). tfe is an α(2)β(2) complex consisting of two types of polypeptides catalyzing three of the fou ...201323496842
bacterial characterization in ambient submicron particles during severe haze episodes at ji'nan, china.in january 2014, severe haze episodes which sweep across chinese cities have attracted public concern and interest at home and abroad. in addition to the physicochemical properties of air pollutants, bacteria are thought to be responsible for the spread of respiratory diseases and various allergies. we attempted the bacterial characterization of submicron particles (pm0.18-0.32, pm0.32-0.56, and pm0.56-1) under severe haze episodes using high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative pcr ...201728017418
spoilage potential characterization of shewanella and pseudomonas isolated from spoiled large yellow croaker (pseudosciaena crocea).ten strains were isolated from a spoiled large yellow croaker (pseudosciaena crocea). all of them were able to grow aerobically from 4 to 30°c, and reduce trimethylamine-n-oxide to trimethylamine (tma) and produce h2 s except sb01, pf05 and pf07. biochemical characterization and phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene showed that eight h2 s-producing isolates were closely related to shewanella baltica, and two isolates pf05 and pf07 were identified as pseudomonas fluorescens and pseudomonas fragi ...201727747903
biosurfactant production by pseudomonas strains isolated from floral nectar.to screen and identify biosurfactant-producing pseudomonas strains isolated from floral nectar; to characterize the produced biosurfactants; and to investigate the effect of different carbon sources on biosurfactant production.201525801599
the classification of pseudomonads and other obligately aerobic gram-negative bacteria from british pork sausage and ingredients.on the basis of a computer analysis of 126 characters for each of 20 stock cultures and 165 isolates of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria from fresh and processed pork, 138 isolates were identified with pseudomonas. these were separated into 5 major clusters and 1 minor group. twelve isolates were identified with moraxella, 4 with alteromonas and 11 were left unassigned. the identification of 101 isolates with pseudomonas fragi provides substantive evidence that this species is the principal aerob ...198323194741
a few pseudomonas oligotypes dominate in the meat and dairy processing environment.the occurrence of bacteria in the food processing environments plays a key role in food contamination and development of spoilage. species of the genus pseudomonas are recognized as major food spoilers and the capability to actually determine spoilage can be species- as well as strain-dependent. in order to improve the taxonomic resolution of 16s rrna gene amplicons, in this study we used oligotyping to investigate the diversity of pseudomonas populations in meat and dairy processing environment ...201728303120
breast milk polyamines and microbiota interactions: impact of mode of delivery and geographical location.the aim of the present study was to identify and quantify the polyamine levels in human milk obtained from different countries and through different modes of delivery, and to investigate their association with breast milk microbes.201728301837
adaptation response of pseudomonas fragi on refrigerated solid matrix to a moderate electric field.moderate electric field (mef) technology is a promising food preservation strategy since it relies on physical properties-rather than chemical additives-to preserve solid cellular foods during storage. however, the effectiveness of long-term mef exposure on the psychrotrophic microorganisms responsible for the food spoilage at cool temperatures remains unclear.201728187702
cold stress promoting a psychrotolerant bacterium pseudomonas fragi p121 producing trehaloase.a newly isolated pseudomonas fragi p121 strain in a soil sample taken from the arctic circle is able to produce trehalose. the p121 strain was able to grow at temperatures ranging from 4 to 25 °c, had an optimum ph of 6.5, and an optimum salt concentration of 2 %. the p121 strain had a survival rate of 29.1 % after being repeatedly frozen and thawed five times, and a survival rate of 78.9 % when placed in physiological saline for 15 days at 20 °c after cold shock, which is far higher than the ty ...201627339315
complete genome sequence of a bacterium pseudomonas fragi p121, a strain with degradation of toxic compounds.a newly isolated strain p121 was identified as pseudomonas fragi. the complete genome sequence of p.fragi p121 was carried out using the pacbio rsⅱ platform. the genome contains a circular chromosome with 5,101,809bp. the genome sequence suggests that the p121 exhibited the ability of degradation of toxic compounds. genome sequencing information provides the genetic basis for the analysis of toxic compounds and the mechanism of extreme environmental adaptation of the strain.201626988396
pseudomonas endophytica sp. nov., isolated from stem tissue of solanum tuberosum l. in spain.a bacterial strain named bstt44(t) was isolated in the course of a study of endophytic bacteria occurring in stems and roots of potato growing in a soil from salamanca, spain. the 16s rrna gene sequence had 99.7% identity with respect to that of its closest relative, pseudomonas psychrophila e-3t, and the next most closely related type strains were those of pseudomonas fragi, with 99.6% similarity, pseudomonas deceptionensis, with 99.2% similarity, and pseudomonas lundensis, with 99.0% similarit ...201525851593
a combination of modified atmosphere and antimicrobial packaging to extend the shelf-life of beefsteaks stored at chill temperature.an antimicrobial polyethylene (pe) film was obtained by coating a nisin-based antimicrobial solution. pe sheets were coated on both sides and were used for the packaging of beefsteaks to be stored in air or modified atmosphere packaging (map, 60% o₂-40% co₂). microbial populations, species diversity, headspace volatile organic compounds, colour and sensory properties were monitored after 0, 1, 7 and 12 days of storage at 4 °c. the viable counts showed that there was an effect of map and antimicr ...201222883207
rna-based amplicon sequencing reveals microbiota development during ripening of artisanal versus industrial lard d'arnad.valle d'aosta lard d'arnad is a protected designation of origin (pdo) product produced from fat of the shoulder and back of heavy pigs. its manufacturing process can be very diverse, especially regarding the maturation temperature and the nacl concentration used for the brine; thereby, the main goal of this study was to investigate the impact of those parameters on the microbiota developed during curing and ripening. three farms producing lard d'arnad were selected. two plants, reflecting the in ...201728600315
the antibacterial and antifungal activity of six essential oils and their cyto/genotoxicity to human hel 12469 cells.six essential oils (from oregano, thyme, clove, lavender, clary sage, and arborvitae) exhibited different antibacterial and antifungal properties. antimicrobial activity was shown against pathogenic (escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, and enterococcus faecalis) and environmental bacteria (bacillus cereus, arthrobacter protophormiae, pseudomonas fragi) and fungi (chaetomium globosum, penicillium chrysogenum, cladospori ...201728811611
effect of nanoemulsified and microencapsulated mexican oregano (lippia graveolens kunth) essential oil coatings on quality of fresh pork meat.fresh meat is a highly perishable food. this work aimed to evaluate the influence of mexican oregano (lippia graveolens kunth) incorporated into active coatings (acs) spread on fresh pork meat as free (feo), nanoemulsified (neo), and microencapsulated (meo) essential oil (eo), on its microbiological, physicochemical and sensory properties during 15 d at 4 ± 1 °c. thymol and γ-terpinene were identified in the eo. in vitro effect of 2.85 mg eo/cm(2) was tested against brochothrix thermosphacta, mi ...201728493309
physicochemical properties of pseudomonas fragi isolates response to modified atmosphere packaging.pseudomonas spp., in particular pseudomonas fragi, are dominant in aerobically stored chilled meats. this work isolated p. fragi isolates from spoiled chicken and investigated the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (map, co2/n2 30%/70%) on physicochemical properties of p. fragi isolates compared to the corresponding controls (air). a total of six p. fragi isolates were isolated from aerobically stored spoiled chicken. map inhibited the growth of the isolates primarily in the exponential pha ...201728531290
aluminium resistant, plant growth promoting bacteria induce overexpression of aluminium stress related genes in arabidopsis thaliana and increase the ginseng tolerance against aluminium stress.panax ginseng is an important cash crop in the asian countries due to its pharmaceutical effects, however the plant is exposed to various abiotic stresses, lead to reduction of its quality. one of them is the aluminum (al) accumulation. plant growth promoting bacteria which able to tolerate heavy metals has been considered as a new trend for supporting the growth of many crops in heavy metal occupied areas. in this study, twelve bacteria strains were isolated from rhizosphere of diseased korean ...201728527763
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