| fecal bile acids and neutral sterols in rats with spontaneous colon cancer. | fecal bile acids and neutral sterols of spontaneous colon cancer-bearing wistar-furth strain rats were examined and compared with those of control rats of the same strain by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the amount of total fecal bile acids and the percentage of fecal lithocholic acid were almost similar in both groups, but the percentage of fecal deoxycholic acid was significantly higher in the colon cancer group than in the controls. the amount of total fecal neu ... | 1986 | 3082773 |
| an epidemic spread of multiresistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in a cystic fibrosis centre. | early in 1983 an epidemic of a pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to aminoglycosides, carbenicillin, ureidopenicillins, ceftazidime, cefsulodin and imipenem occurred in a cystic fibrosis centre. most of the epidemic could be attributed to a specific nosocomial strain by means of o-grouping and phage-typing. this strain was present in the centre at a low frequency in 1973 and developed resistance during courses of chemotherapy. the epidemic was stopped by isolating patients with the resistant strai ... | 1986 | 3086274 |
| genetic analysis of myxococcus xanthus and isolation of gene replacements after transduction under conditions of limited homology. | genetic analysis of myxococcus xanthus is greatly facilitated by the ability to introduce cloned dna into m. xanthus to generate gene replacement and merodiploid strains. however, gene replacement strains are difficult to obtain when the region(s) of homology between the cloned dna and the m. xanthus chromosome is limited (less than 1 kilobase). we found that gene replacements can be obtained at an increased frequency by a two-step procedure involving the use of bacteriophage p1 to isolate merod ... | 1986 | 3090023 |
| relationship between sporulation and synthesis of mycobacillin and dipicolinic acid under condition of catabolite repression in bacillus subtilis. | sporulation was repressed in the parent strain by various carbon sources whereas glucose-resistant mutants were resistant to them but not to glycerol 2-phosphate. both mycobacillin and dipicolinic acid synthesis were repressed in the parent by some of the compounds tested, viz. glucose, pyruvate and glycerol 2-phosphate. however, these syntheses in the glucose-resistant mutants were not repressed by glucose and pyruvate but were repressed by glycerol 2-phosphate. the possible interrelationship b ... | 1986 | 3093340 |
| the relationship between immunodiffusion and agglutination serotypes of mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare. | twenty mycobacterium avium/intracellulare strains of diverse origins and two reference strains of each of schaefer's serotypes 1-21 were examined by immunodiffusion analysis. the results produced three distinct groups, which we have called a, b and c. two of these, a and b, appear to be variants, perhaps subspecies of m. avium, and group c is m. intracellulare. within each group, rough variants, untypable by schaefer's agglutination method, were found to be antigenically identical to the smooth ... | 1986 | 3096757 |
| translational autoregulation of ermc 23s rrna methyltransferase expression in bacillus subtilis. | ermc specifies an rrna methyltransferase that confers resistance to erythromycin. the expression of this determinant is induced by the addition of erythromycin. the induction mechanism has been shown to operate posttranscriptionally, and its mechanism has been elucidated. we now show that synthesis of the ermc gene product in bacillus subtilis is also autoregulated by a mechanism operating on the level of translation. the synthesis of methyltransferase was shown to be gene dosage compensated by ... | 1986 | 3096970 |
| abnormalities in hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressin content are not a consequence of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. | in order to determine if the decreased hypothalamic and increased posterior pituitary content of vasopressin (vp) observed previously in spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) were a secondary consequence of the hypertension, the effect of preventing the development of hypertension on vp content of the hypothalamoneurohypophyseal system was evaluated. two methods for preventing the hypertension were used: (1) chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (oral captopril, 100 mg/kg/day at 4-12 ... | 1988 | 3130152 |
| biosynthesis of branched-chain fatty acids in bacillus subtilis. a decarboxylase is essential for branched-chain fatty acid synthetase. | branched long-chain fatty acids of the iso and anteiso series are synthesized in many bacteria from the branched-chain alpha-keto acids of valine, leucine, and isoleucine after their decarboxylation followed by chain elongation. two distinct branched-chain alpha-keto acid (bcka) and pyruvate decarboxylases, which are considered to be responsible for primer synthesis, were detected in, and purified in homogenous form from bacillus subtilis 168 strain by procedures including ammonium sulfate fract ... | 1988 | 3142877 |
| isolation of colonial variants of bacteroides gingivalis w50 with a reduced virulence. | the spontaneous appearance of unusual colony forms was observed during prolonged growth of bacteroides gingivalis w50 in a chemostat. two variants were selected for further study which could be distinguished from the parent strain by the rate and intensity of pigmentation of their colonies. for example, after anaerobic incubation for 14 days, variant w50/br1 produced brown colonies whereas those of the parent strain were black; in contrast, variant w50/be1 did not show signs of pigmentation unti ... | 1988 | 3172171 |
| atpenins, new antifungal antibiotics produced by penicillium sp. production, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties. | penicillium sp. fo-125, a soil isolate, was found to produce a new antifungal antibiotic complex named atpenin. three components a4, a5 and b were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and hplc. the molecular formula of atpenins a4, a5 and b were determined to be c15h22no5cl, c15h21no5cl2 and c15h23no5, respectively, on the basis of high resolution electron impact mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. they are act ... | 1988 | 3209470 |
| regulation of alkaline phosphatase expression in a neonatal rat clonal calvarial cell strain by retinoic acid. | a clonal cell strain, umr 201, was established from a culture of rat calvarial cells by the process of limiting dilution on a collagen substratum. one-day-old neonatal rat calvaria stripped of periosteum were placed on collagen in alpha-mem with 10% fetal bovine serum (fbs). cells that grew out from the calvaria were passaged eight times to select cells with the ability to proliferate in culture before cloning was attempted. cells from the clonal strain were homogeneous in appearance with a doub ... | 1988 | 3213604 |
| [changes in the host-dependent characteristics of the tick-borne encephalitis virus during its adaptation to ticks and its readaptation to white mice]. | features of multiplication in pig embryo kidney (pek) cells of a variant of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus previously selected by passages in h. plumbeum ticks and changes in the properties of the variant upon its repassages in white mouse brains were studied. the tick-adapted tbe variant differed from the original strain in the following characteristics: a lower yield of infectious virus and physical virus particles, altered time-course of infectious virus release from the cell, the lack o ... | 1988 | 3218215 |
| experimental mumps virus-induced labyrinthitis. immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. | guinea pigs were inoculated with mumps virus (torii strain) by the intralabyrinthine or intravascular route and their cochleas were examined by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. in these animals, viral antigen was detected in the cochleas, most often in the stria vascularis. however, viral infection was produced only in those with intralabyrinthine inoculation. the cochlear lesion commonly observed in this study was severe degeneration of the organ of corti, which was usually found in ... | 1988 | 3227838 |
| [effect of gonadectomy on the onset of diabetic syndrome in the female wbn/kob rats]. | almost all the male animals of wbn/kob rat strain show the diabetic syndrome whereas none of the female animals develop such diseased conditions even at elder age. we investigated the effect of sex hormones on the onset of diabetic syndrome of this rat strain by comparing the results of body weight gain and various clinical tests such as glucose tolerance, serum biochemistry and histopathology of spayed female rats with those of non-treated and sham-operated female animals kept until 88-week-old ... | 1988 | 3240781 |
| [the influence of long-term utilization of some herbicides on oral cavity tissues of white rats]. | three mixtures of herbicides have been administered to white rats of wistar strain by means of stomach tube. after 9 months of studies laboratory examinations were carried out in these animals namely analysis of urine, peripheral blood, bone marrow smears and segments of parotid glands and cheek's mucous membrane were uptaken to histopathological examinations. morphological changes whose intensification didn't depend on the dose and type of preparation have been found in the glands. these change ... | 1988 | 3270601 |
| [genetic effects of the decay of radionuclide products of nuclear fission in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. lethal effects of the decay of 89sr incorporated in cells of different ploidies and radiosensitivity]. | decay of 89sr incorporated in yeast cells produces a pronounced inactivating effect. the transmutation mainly contributes (about 80%) to cell inactivation. haploid cells are more sensitive to 89sr disintegration than diploid and tetraploid ones. a radiosensitive mutant xrs2, that is particularly sensitive to the transmutation effect of radionuclides, has proved to be sensitive to 89sr transmutation as well. at the same time, another radiosensitive mutant, rad 54, does not virtually differ from t ... | 1988 | 3278334 |
| legionella cincinnatiensis sp. nov. isolated from a patient with pneumonia. | a legionella-like organism (strain 72-oh-h [= atcc 43753]) was isolated from an open-lung biopsy specimen from a hemodialysis patient with end-stage renal disease and bronchopneumonia. growth characteristics and gas-liquid chromatographic profiles of the isolate were consistent with those for legionella spp. the isolate was presumptively identified as a legionella longbeachae serogroup 1 strain by direct immunofluorescence staining. however, the organism was serologically distinct in the slide a ... | 1988 | 3281971 |
| genetic and phenotypic analyses indicating occurrence of the recn262 and radb101 mutations at the same locus in escherichia coli. | the radb101 and recn262 mutations showed essentially identical phenotypes when compared in isogenic escherichia coli strains for their effects on gamma and uv radiation survival and on conjugal recombination in a uvra recb recc sbcb sbcc strain. complementation tests involving attempts to reconstitute a radb+ recn+ strain by transductions between radb101 and recn262 donors and recipients, and tests involving plasmids carrying recn+ and recn::tn1000 inserts, indicated that the radb and recn genes ... | 1988 | 3283110 |
| non-h-2 histocompatibility antigens encoded by moloney-murine leukemia virus in mov mouse strains are detectable by skin grafting and cytolytic t lymphocytes. | the integration and expression of moloney-murine leukemia virus (m-mulv) into the germ line of mov mouse strains on the c57bl/6 background results in the expression of a cell-surface ag with characteristics expected from non-h-2 histocompatibility ag: the ability to stimulate graft rejection and generation of ctl. however, both the previously studied mov-3 and mov-14 strains differ from the coisogenic c57bl/6 strain by different length segments of chromosome derived from the icr strain in additi ... | 1988 | 3286772 |
| [aminoside sensitivity of bacteria isolated in 1984 at the military hospital complex in the paris region]. | the minimal inhibiting concentrations (mic) of 5 aminosids have been determined by the microdilution method in liquid medium of 4,582 bacterial strains isolated from various pathological samples: 1,039 staphylococcus, 2,629 enterobacteria, 759 pseudomonas and 155 acinetobacter. the phenotype of resistance has been defined for each strain by listing the antibiotics for which a resistance was observed. the frequencies of the bacterial resistances varied according to the aminosid (gentamicin, sisom ... | 1987 | 3302847 |
| cross-reactive antibody in immunity to colisepticemia in calves. | cattle were immunized with a uridine diphosphate galactose epimerase deficient mutant of escherichia coli to prepare antiserum cross-reactive with different serotypes of e. coli. hypogammaglobulinemic calves were given bovine anti-j5 serum before oral challenge with virulent e. coli derived from a septicemic calf. passively immunized calves had delayed and decreased bacteremia compared with calves given saline before challenge. calves given antiserum also lived longer than control calves. a seco ... | 1987 | 3310376 |
| stress induced periosteal changes. | the tails of sprague-dawley rats of approximately 50 g body mass were either left straight or bent to form a loop containing three or five vertebrae (cv). subsequent treatment was as follows: (a) in situ: segments were removed at 0, 8, 16, 24 h, 3, 5 and 7 days and examined histologically: (b) transplants: skinned segments were transplanted autologously and examined at the same time intervals; (c) normal saline: skinned segments were placed in a 0.9% solution maintained at (i) 4 degrees c and (i ... | 1987 | 3322355 |
| a gale via (vi antigen-negative) mutant of salmonella typhi ty2 retains virulence in humans. | we have recently described the construction of a gale derivative of salmonella typhi ty2 (ty2h1) which had a 0.4-kilobase deletion in the gale gene and was sensitive to galactose-induced lysis when cultured with greater than or equal to 0.06 mm galactose (d. m. hone, r. morona, s. attridge, and j. hackett, j. infect. dis. 156:167-174, 1987). we now report the selection of a rifampin-resistant, via derivative of ty2h1, ex462. compared with the ty2 parent strain, ex462 was serum sensitive and high ... | 1988 | 3356467 |
| characterization of resistance phenotype and cephalosporin activity in oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | forty isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus were tested versus oxacillin at 30 and 35 degrees c with and without 2% nacl supplementation of mueller-hinton broth and classified as having resistance that was low (mic, less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml) or high (mic, greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) and temperature or nacl dependent. only three isolates had low-grade resistance at both 30 and 35 degrees c; for two isolates the mics at 35 degrees c were greater than ... | 1988 | 3364941 |
| studies on the resistance of clostridium difficile to antimicrobial agents. | the susceptibility of c. difficile isolated at the department of medical microbiology of the university of zurich to a wide selection of antibacterial, antimycobacterial and antifungal agents was tested in vitro. great differences in susceptibility were found against chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, rifamycin, and tetracycline. resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin could always be transferred jointly to a susceptible c. difficile strain by mixed culture on filters at low frequenc ... | 1988 | 3376619 |
| creation of a strain of genetically obese-hypertensive rats. | a strain of genetically obese-hypertensive rats (shr-fa/fa) was created by transferring the fatty/fa gene of hyperlipaemic obese non-inbred rats into the genome of an shr inbred strain by five successive crossings of shr-fa+ brother-sister matings. shr-fa/fa rats were heavier than their shr littermates. they showed a severe hypertension, their systolic arterial blood pressure being higher than that previously found in genetically hypertensive rats. their blood glucose content was not significant ... | 1988 | 3384559 |
| metabolic evidence for the involvement of enzymatic bioactivation in the cataractogenicity of acetaminophen in genetically susceptible (c57bl/6) and resistant (dba/2) murine strains. | acetaminophen has been shown to be cataractogenic in mice and rabbits. c57bl/6 and dba/2 mice respectively are genetically susceptible and resistant to the induction of cytochrome p-448 by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-mc). this isoenzyme is thought to bioactivate acetaminophen to a toxic reactive intermediate. these two murine strains also are correspondingly susceptible and resistant to acetaminophen cataractogenesis. to evaluate the potential role of enzymatic bioactivation as a determinant of acet ... | 1988 | 3400097 |
| organization and characterization of genes essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation from bradyrhizobium japonicum i110. | a total of 96 independent tn5 insertions within a 39-kilobase-pair (kbp) segment of chromosomal dna containing the three structural genes for nitrogenase (nifh, nifd, and nifk) from bradyhizobium japonicum i110 were obtained in escherichia coli and transferred to the wild-type strain by marker exchange. individual transconjugants containing a tn5 insertion were inoculated onto glycine max cv. wilkin (soybeans) and analyzed for their effect on symbiotic nitrogen fixation. in addition to the three ... | 1986 | 3462181 |
| fractionation and characterization of two beta-lactamases in citrobacter diversus ula-27 strain by chromatofocusing. | | 1987 | 3500180 |
| the alloantibody response in the allogeneically pregnant rat. v. absence of cell-mediated immunity in high responders. | allogeneically pregnant rats have been examined postpartum to determine whether they are sensitized against paternal class i antigens for cell-mediated immunity. this study was undertaken as this point is ambiguous. since the response of the female to paternal mhc antigens is genetically controlled it is possible that the inability of some investigations to detect cell-mediated immunity against the paternal strain was due to the use of non-responder strain combinations. cell-mediated immunity wa ... | 1987 | 3500309 |
| an altered ribosomal protein in an edeine-resistant mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the r-proteins of an edeine-resistant mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared to those of the wild-type strain by using two different two-dimensional electrophoretic techniques: (1) the kaltschmidt-wittmann method and, (2) the kaltschmidt-wittmann system, in the first dimension and the na dodecyl-so4 system in the second. with the first technique, the results indicate that the patterns of basic ribosomal proteins are similar in the two strains. however, the pattern of acidic ribosomal p ... | 1986 | 3515127 |
| penicillin tolerant group a streptococci. | a penicillin (pcn) tolerant [minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) less than or equal to 0.02, minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc) = 3.10 micrograms/ml] group a streptococcus (gas) was recovered from the bone aspirate of a child with osteomyelitis. the penicillin therapy with 200,000 micron/kg x day, and subsequently ampicillin 360 mg/kg x day, resulting in a serum ampicillin concentration of 74 micrograms/ml, failed to achieve a serum bactericidal effect greater than 1:2. ninety-nine addi ... | 1986 | 3516551 |
| [experimental hyperlipoproteinemia and arteriosclerosis in minipigs--effect of various drugs]. | experimental hyperlipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis were produced in mini-pigs of the göttingen strain by adding egg yolk and cholesterol to the diet for one and a half year. phenotyping of the hyperlipoproteinemia showed a great similarity with the human type iia according to the fredrickson classification system. cholesterol ester-rich atherosclerotic lesions were developed, predominantly located in the abdominal aorta and the coronary arteries. prophylactic treatment of the hyperlipoprotein ... | 1986 | 3532591 |
| isolation of a mycelial mutant of candida albicans. | a mutant of candida albicans strain men, which was unable to produce mycelia in ssv medium and in horse serum at 37 degrees c, was isolated by a physical separation procedure. the mutant was shown to be derived from the parental strain by growth and morphology studies, sugar uptake and fermentation patterns, and the presence of genetic markers. | 1986 | 3540202 |
| characterization of phosphomannan-protein complexes isolated from viable cells of yeast and mycelial forms of candida albicans nih b-792 strain by the action of zymolyase-100t. | the isolation of phosphomannan-protein complexes from the viable cells of yeast (y) and mycelial (m) forms of candida albicans nih b-792 strain was conducted by treatment with zymolyase-100t followed by fractional precipitation with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. the m-form complex was found to contain smaller amount of phosphate (1.3%) than that of the y-form complex (1.6%). proton magnetic resonance (pmr) spectra of these complexes indicated that the content of beta-1,2-linked oligomannosyl a ... | 1986 | 3541789 |
| structure-activity relationship of nitroimidazo (2,1-b) thiazoles in the salmonella mutagenicity assay. | the mutagenic activity of a series of nitroimidazo (2,1-b) thiazoles was determined in salmonella typhimurium ta-100 strain by means of the ames test. a multiple regression analysis showed a highly significant parabolic relationship between mutagenic activity and the rm values as an expression of the lipophilic character of molecules. the lipophilic character should be important in determining an optimal cell permeation. however when the lipophilic character was expressed by means of the sigma p ... | 1986 | 3545148 |
| efficacy of commercial mycoplasma gallisepticum bacterin (mg-bac) in preventing air-sac lesions in chickens. | one-week-old chickens were vaccinated with commercial mycoplasma gallisepticum bacterin subcutaneously and challenged with the s6 strain by the intra-air-sac route 3 weeks later. significantly fewer vaccinated chickens had air-sac lesions than controls. | 1987 | 3579788 |
| the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system of streptococcus salivarius. identification of a iiiman protein. | a double-spontaneous mutant resistant to the growth inhibitory effect of alpha-methylglucoside and 2-deoxyglucose was isolated from streptococcus salivarius. this mutant strain, called alpha s3l11, did not grow on mannose and grew poorly on 5 mm fructose and 5 mm glucose. isolated membranes of strain alpha s3l11 were unable to catalyse the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of mannose in the presence of purified enzyme i and hpr. addition of dialysed membrane-free cellular extract of ... | 1987 | 3580966 |
| dietary fat in relation to hormonal induction of mammary and prostatic carcinoma in nb rats. | mammary carcinoma was induced in female nb rats by implanting pellets of estrone at 25-28 days of age, and prostatic cancer was induced in male rats of the same strain by repeatedly implanting pellets of testosterone propionate. feeding semipurified diets containing either 3% or 20% corn oil did not significantly affect the incidence or yield of mammary tumors, although tumors tended to appear somewhat earlier in animals on the high-fat diet, confirming the report of dunning et al. published nea ... | 1987 | 3608084 |
| proximity storage of surgical instruments in the operative field. | a new microsurgical instrument, the surgical pocket, is described, and its value for storing instruments in the surgical field during operation is discussed. specific procedures for using the pocket in the field with the bipolar coagulator, suction irrigator, dissector, and scissors are presented. proximity storage of microsurgical instruments reduces the surgeon's reliance upon other surgical personnel by allowing instrument transfers to be made without assistance. in addition, it reduces stres ... | 1987 | 3614576 |
| [immunomodulation with natural products. i. effect of an aqueous extract of raphanus sativus niger on experimental influenza infection in mice]. | a raphanus sativus niger water extract was administered by intranasal instillations to mice before inoculation of the influenza virus a/pr 8/34 (h1n1) strain by the same route. the extract ensured some protection against the experimental influenza infection. a significant decrease of the hemagglutinin titre of the mouse lung homogenate was noted, as well as a decrease of the mortality rate and a significant increase of the rate of survival as compared to the untreated controls. | 1987 | 3617495 |
| [comparative characteristics of the diagnostic properties of staphylococcal allergens in an experiment]. | the diagnostic value of five staphylococcal allergens prepared from a single s. aureus strain by different methods and in different institutions has been tested on the experimental models of delayed, immediate and mixed (immediate and delayed) hypersensitivity in guinea pigs. the advantages of the allergens prepared in kazan (ussr) for the detection of delayed hypersensitivity and the ultrasonicated allergen, as well as the allergen made in czechoslovakia, for the detection of immediate hypersen ... | 1987 | 3618026 |
| efficacy of ciprofloxacin for experimental endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible or -resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus. | the efficacy of ciprofloxacin for experimental aortic valve endocarditis in rabbits infected by either a methicillin-susceptible or a methicillin-resistant strain of staphylococcus aureus was compared with standard therapy of nafcillin or vancomycin, respectively. after 4 days of therapy, ciprofloxacin reduced the counts of organisms in aortic valve vegetations as effectively as the standard regimen for both susceptible and resistant strains. mean concentrations of ciprofloxacin in serum achieve ... | 1986 | 3640590 |
| differences in the acquisition process and the effect of scopolamine on radial maze performance in three strains of rats. | the acquisition process and the effect of scopolamine (scop) on the radial maze task were studied in 3 strains of male rats, fischer 344 (f344), sprague-dawley (sd) and wistar. the pretraining level of locomotor activity was measured and performance was quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated. the highest pretraining locomotor activity was observed in wistar rats. in this experiment, rats were allowed to select each arm successively. the changes in the number of correct choices during the fir ... | 1987 | 3659071 |
| age-related natural antibody specificities among hybridoma clones originating from nzb spleen. | in the studies presented here, age-related natural antibody specificities have been investigated in the autoimmune nzb mouse strain by cell fusion. the monoclonal immunoglobulins (mig) secreted by productive hybridoma clones were examined for their antibody activities against a panel of antigens, including single- and double-stranded dna, actin, tubulin, myosin, bromelain-treated mouse red blood cells (brmrbc) and tnp-bsa, employing both direct and competitive enzyme immunoassays. the antibody s ... | 1987 | 3666786 |
| [evaluation of the virulence of a staphylococcus strain by the phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes]. | | 1987 | 3691306 |
| establishment and growth kinetics of the mutant ehrlich-lettré ascites cell strain hd33 in permanent suspension culture. | cells of a mutant in vivo subline of the ehrlich-lettré mouse ascites tumour (elat) were converted to growth in suspension culture. kinetic analysis revealed the selective character of the conversion process; without a detectable adaptation period, a fraction of about 2 x 10(-5) of the explanted cells continued to grow in vitro. the resulting, mutant ehrlich-lettré ascites cell strain was designated hd33 and propagated uninterruptedly from 1974 on. the corresponding in vivo elat subline hd33 was ... | 1986 | 3719659 |
| eimeria tenella: immunogenicity of the first generation of schizogony. | the life-cycle of a precocious and attenuated line (wisf96) of eimeria tenella, derived from the wisconsin (wis) strain, contained only the first of the three generations of schizogony undergone by the parent strain. the reproductive capacity of wisf96 was less than that of the parent strain by a factor of about 2000, but inoculation of chickens on two occasions with a large number of its oocysts induced resistance against challenge with oocysts, or with second-generation merozoites of wis. the ... | 1986 | 3748607 |
| chronic respiratory disease in premature infants caused by chlamydia trachomatis. | the relation between chronic respiratory disease and infection with chlamydia trachomatis in premature infants was investigated to ascertain the aetiological importance of intrauterine c trachomatis infection and chronic respiratory disease in premature infants. serum igm antibodies against c trachomatis were determined by enzyme linked fluorescence assay. sections of lung tissues obtained by biopsy and at necropsy were also tested for the presence of antigens using fluorescein conjugated monocl ... | 1986 | 3753987 |
| effects of comb dubbing on the performance of laying stocks. | three studies were conducted with birds dubbed at hatch vs. dubbed and dewattled at 118 days or 255 to 260 days of age or with normal hens. in the first, involving 5928 pullets of four strains housed 1 per cage, dubbing and dewattling at 255 to 260 days caused small adverse effects on egg numbers as compared with nondubbed controls. body size was reduced, and both egg weight (ew) and shell strength were increased slightly. in the second study, involving 8180 pullets of nine strains housed 1 per ... | 1985 | 3838812 |
| chromosomal deletion and plasmid complementation of the photosynthetic reaction center and light-harvesting genes from rhodopseudomonas capsulata. | using in vitro interposon mutagenesis, rhodopseudomonas capsulata strains have been constructed wherein all or part of the reaction center (rc), light-harvesting i (lhi), and light-harvesting ii (lhii) structural genes have been deleted. in one series of strains, the 2778-bp apai fragment bearing more than 90% of the rxca operon (promoter and structural genes coding for lhi beta, lhi alpha, rc-l and rc-m) has been deleted from the chromosome. when the rxca operon is deleted, resultant strains po ... | 1985 | 3864717 |
| effect of extracellular protease production on bacteriophage sensitivity of vibrio cholerae. | the effect of varying levels of extracellular protease production on the bacteriophage type of vibrio cholerae 1621 serotype 01, biotype e1 tor, has been investigated. it has been shown that the production of high levels of exoprotease can alter the apparent type of the strain by rendering it insensitive to infection by a number of bacteriophages. prevention of a productive infection appears to be due to altered surface characteristics rather than to specific damage to the bacteriophages. such a ... | 1985 | 3913071 |
| [transfer and expression of mutations in pleiotropic genes determining the synthesis of extracellular enzymes in bacillus subtilis]. | the mutations in the genes determining the levels of extracellular enzymes production were transferred into bacillus subtilis 168 strain by genetic transformation technique. the method used has permitted registering the transfer of pleiotropic genes. seven amylase producers were detected among 126 his+ transformants screened, as well as five metalprotease producers among 246 gly+ transformants. cotransfer of pap and hpr mutant genes linked with his+ or gly+ genes might result in finding the prod ... | 1985 | 3939574 |
| survival and growth of yersinia pestis within macrophages and an effect of the loss of the 47-megadalton plasmid on growth in macrophages. | the survival and growth of yersinia pestis cells within mouse peritoneal cavities and within mouse peritoneal macrophages maintained in vitro was examined. two strains were used which differed only in that one (kim) contained the 47-megadalton plasmid associated with virulence and the second (kim1) lacked this plasmid. the kim cells, but not the kim1 cells, acquired some resistance to phagocytosis during growth at 37 degrees c which was not evident when cells were grown at 26 degrees c. whether ... | 1985 | 3965398 |
| characterization of virulent and avirulent a/chicken/pennsylvania/83 influenza a viruses: potential role of defective interfering rnas in nature. | in april 1983, an influenza virus of low virulence appeared in chickens in pennsylvania. subsequently, in october 1983, the virus became virulent and caused high mortality in poultry. the causative agent has been identified as an influenza virus of the h5n2 serotype. the hemagglutinin is antigenically closely related to tern/south africa/61 (h5n3) and the neuraminidase is similar to that from human h2n2 strains (e.g., a/japan/305/57) and from some avian influenza virus strains (e.g., a/turkey/ma ... | 1985 | 3973976 |
| instability of antibiotic resistance in a strain of staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from an outbreak of prosthetic valve endocarditis. | plasmid profiles, phage typing, antibiograms, and biotyping were used to characterize staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from multiple cultures of blood of four patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis. epidemiological evidence implicated a common source for these infections. of 20 clinically significant isolates, 14 exhibited variations from the prototype pattern of multiple resistance to five antibiotics. all isolates tested appeared to be the same strain by phage typing. of 18 isolates av ... | 1985 | 4008994 |
| high-frequency induction in vivo of mouse leukemia in akr strain by 5-azacytidine and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. | | 1973 | 4126760 |
| thermosensitive replication of a kanamycin resistance factor. | a strain of proteus vulgaris isolated from the urinary tract of a patient with postoperative pyelonephritis and resistant to sulfonamide, streptomycin, tetracycline, and kanamycin (km) was found to transfer only km resistance by cell-to-cell conjugation. the genetic determinant controlling the transferable km resistance was considered to be an r factor and was designated r (km). successive transfer of km resistance was demonstrated also from escherichia coli 20s0, which received the r (km) facto ... | 1967 | 4166554 |
| protein synthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv and the effect of streptomycin in streptomycin-susceptible and -resistant strains. | an efficient in vitro amino acid-incorporating system from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv was standardized. ribonucleic acid (rna) isolated from phage-infected m. smegmatis cells served as natural messenger rna and directed the incorporation of (14)c-amino acids into protein. the effects of various antitubercular drugs and "known inhibitors" of protein synthesis on amino acid incorporation were studied. antibiotics like chloramphenicol and tetracycline inhibited mycobacterial protein synthesis ... | 1973 | 4202339 |
| researches concerning the antigenic structure of n. meningitidis. i. studies on chemical and immunological nature of antigens extracted from a n. meningiidis group c strain by combined methods. | | 1967 | 4232278 |
| structure of mitochondria of myocardium at physical strain by prolonged intermittent swimming and at physical overstrain by one-time swimming until full exhaustion. | | 1968 | 4241810 |
| effect of the folic acid analogue, trimethoprim, on growth, macromolecular synthesis, and incorporation of exogenous thymine in escherichia coli. | the effect of trimethoprim [2,4-diamino-5(2',4',5'trimethoxybenzyl)-pyrimidine] in the presence of thymine on escherichia coli b temperature-sensitive and non-temperature-sensitive thy(') strains and a phosphodeoxyribomutase-negative mutant was studied. the inhibitory effect of 5 mug of trimethoprim per ml on the growth of e. coli b was not overcome by thymine, thymidine, or thymidylate even in the presence of one-carbon metabolites and related metabolites. deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) and protei ... | 1972 | 4260561 |
| a contribution to the study on an experimental virus leukemia of cba mice strain by the method of fluorescent antibody detection. | | 1966 | 4287886 |
| recognition of the individuality of tumour strain by sensitized peritoneal lymphoid cells. | | 1967 | 4293727 |
| deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase associated with rous sarcoma virus and avian myeloblastosis virus: properties of the enzyme and its product. | deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) polymerase activity can be elicited in purified preparations of avian myeloblastosis virus and rous sarcoma virus (schmidt-ruppin strain) by treatment with nonionic detergent. the enzyme(s) and its synthetic products appear to be virion-associated. enzymatic activity can be inhibited by pretreatment with either ribonuclease (8- to 10-fold inhibition) or actinomycin d (twofold inhibition). by contrast, rifampin has little, if any effect. the enzyme(s) synthesizes two p ... | 1970 | 4320696 |
| physical, chemical and biological characteristics of two bovine enterovirus plaque variants. | large plaque (4lp) and small plaque (4sp) variants were derived from a parent bovine virus strain by serial plaque passage. both 4lp and 4sp were resistant to chloroform and stabilized at 50 degrees c for one hour by 1.0 m magnesium chloride. both 4lp and 4sp had buoyant densities in cesium chloride of 1.36 gm/ml. antigenically, 4lp and 4sp were reciprocally cross neutralizable. the nucleic acid of 4lp was shown to be ribonucleic acid (rna) by resistance of its infectivity to deoxynuclease (dnas ... | 1972 | 4340347 |
| lividomycin resistance in staphylococci by enzymatic phosphorylation. | enzymatic inactivation of lividomycin (lv) was attempted with nine clinical isolates of staphylococci including lv-susceptible and -resistant strains. lv inactivation and the incorporation into lv of (32)p from gamma-(32)p-adenosine triphosphate were demonstrated in the presence of cell-free extracts from lv-resistant strains but not from lv-susceptible ones. the enzyme was purified approximately 82-fold from a resistant staphylococcus aureus strain by means of ammonium sulfate fractionation and ... | 1973 | 4364938 |
| pullulanase synthesis in klebsiella (aerobacter) aerogenes strains growing in continuous culture. | 1. pullulanase synthesis was studied in 16 classified (n.c.i.b.) strains and in an industrial strain (r) of klebsiella aerogenes grown in chemostats containing maltose as inducer and sole carbon source. 2. maximum synthesis was associated with carbon-limited growth at a low dilution rate (about 0.2h(-1)). the enzyme remained firmly cell-bound and seemed to be located on the cell surface. 3. three strains had high activity (r, n.c.i.b. 5938, 8017), twelve were intermediate, and two (n.c.i.b. 8153 ... | 1974 | 4376962 |
| stimulating effect of pyruvate on the growth of mycobacterium leprae in cell-free, semisynthetic, soft agar medium. | a bacterial suspension prepared from a nodule from a patient with lepromatous leprosy was inoculated into the cell-free, semisynthetic, semiliquid agar medium m-y 11d-modified from the authors' medium m-y 1c by omitting glycerol and adding pyruvate-and incubated at 37 degrees c. the growth of the organism was stimulated so markedly that after about 50 weeks' incubation of the primary culture microcolonies could be seen floating in the agar layer as tiny white particles, while the medium fluid as ... | 1973 | 4590553 |
| peptidase mutants of salmonella typhimurium. | six peptidase activities have been distinguished electrophoretically in cell extracts of salmonella typhimurium with the aid of a histochemical stain. the activities can also be partially separated by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose. these peptidases show overlapping substrate specificities. mutants (pepn) of the parent strain leu-485 lacking one of these enzymes (peptidase n) were obtained by screening for colonies that do not hydrolyze the chromogenic substrate l-alanyl-beta-naph ... | 1974 | 4608310 |
| stabilization of capsid structure and enhancement of immunogenicity of cucumber mosaic virus (q strain) by formaldehyde. | | 1972 | 4623497 |
| mycobacterial adjuvant. i. purification of an adjuvant-active component from wax d(h 37 ra strain) by preparative thin-layer chromatography. | | 1972 | 4625075 |
| [electron microscopic study of the kinetics of phagocytosis of the eb vaccine strain by pulmonary macrophages after the intratracheal immunization of guinea pigs]. | | 1973 | 4789667 |
| [informing experiments with a reproducible substrate of human coloncancer cultivated in syrianhamster (gw-77-strain) by the modified abderhalden' reaction (specific tumor-proteinase-reaction) (author's transl)]. | | 1974 | 4848954 |
| physiological and genetic aspects of abortive infection of a shigella sonnei strain by coliphage t7. | phage t7 adsorbed to and lysed cells of shigella sonnei d(2) 371-48, although the average burst size was only 0.1 phage per cell (abortive infection). no mechanism of host-controlled modification was involved. upon infection, t7 rapidly degraded host deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) to acid-soluble material. phage-directed dna synthesis was initiated normally, but after a few minutes the pool of phage dna, including the parental dna, was degraded. addition of chloramphenicol, at the time of phage inf ... | 1968 | 4911848 |
| selective outgrowth of fimbriate bacteria in static liquid medium. | competitive mixed cultures were grown from inocula of a large number of bacteria of a genotypically nonfimbriate (fim(-)) strain of salmonella typhimurium and a small number of a genotypically fimbriate (fim(+)) variant strain that formed type 1 fimbriae and had been derived from the fim(-) strain by phage transduction. the fim(+) strain differed from the fim(-) strain in fermenting l-rhamnose (rha(+)), and the viable fim(+) and fim(-) bacteria present in the cultures after different periods at ... | 1970 | 4914569 |
| conservation and transfer of escherichia coli genetic segments by partial diploid hfr strains of salmonella typhosa. | heterozygous, partial diploid hybrids were obtained in a salmonella typhosa hfr strain by using it as the recipient in a mating with the escherichia coli hfr donor wr2004 (o...proa...leu). three of these s. typhosa hfr hybrids were observed to mobilize and transfer the diploid e. coli genes, at high frequencies, to an e. coli recipient. the gradient of transfer frequencies of e. coli markers from these s. typhosa hfr hybrids was similar to that observed with e. coli hfr wr2004, from which they w ... | 1970 | 4923068 |
| properties of a salmonella typhimurium mutant with an incomplete deficiency of uridinediphosphogalactose-4-epimerase. | a galactose-negative mutant, nonleaky in respect to fermentation and utilization, isolated from a smooth salmonella typhimurium strain by phage selection and inferred deficient of uridine diphosphate (udp)-galactose-epimerase, was used for experiments on relation of somatic lipopolysaccharide (lps) character to virulence. extracts of induced mutant cells retained ca. 1% of wild-type epimerase activity and had only ca. 5% of wild-type kinase and uridyl transferase activities; also, some cultural ... | 1971 | 4935317 |
| improvement of kasugamycin-producing strain by the agar piece method and the prototroph method. | | 1971 | 4935426 |
| rapid sulfonamide disc sensitivity test for meningococci. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of 90 strains of neisseria meningitidis were determined by a plate dilution technique that employed twofold changes in concentrations of sulfadiazine. the geometric mean of three mic determinations on each strain was correlated with inhibition zones produced by a 300-mug sulfathiazole disc. the linear relationship between the logarithm of the geometric mean mic values and the zone diameters was highly significant. strains were separated into sensitive and ... | 1968 | 4969667 |
| the effect of parameter selection in evaluation of infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. i. evaluation of the connecticut strain by virus recovery tests. | | 1972 | 5038646 |
| [immunization of the mouse against an heterologous strain by means of live virulent trypanosomas in the diffusion chamber]. | | 1971 | 5171395 |
| conjugation in escherichia coli. | boyer, herbert (yale university, new haven, conn.). conjugation in escherichia coli. j. bacteriol. 91:1767-1772. 1966.-the sex factor of escherichia coli k-12 was introduced into an e. coli b/r strain by circumventing the host-controlled modification and restriction incompatibilities known to exist between these closely related strains. the sexual properties of the constructed f(+) b strain and its hfr derivatives were examined. these studies showed that the e. coli strain b/r f(+) and hfr deriv ... | 1966 | 5327905 |
| transmission of plasmodium beghei (nk 65 strain) by anopheles annulipes walker. | | 1970 | 5410215 |
| [preservation of a cowdria ruminantium strain by freezing]. | | 1970 | 5534034 |
| [dissociation of bcg strain by the action of heat. immunizing activity of variants obtained by dissociation]. | | 1964 | 5830291 |
| chromosome abnormality in rat leukemia induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. | a high percentage of consistent chromosome abnormality, trisomy of the longest telocentric chromosome, was found in leukemias induced in rats of the long-evans strain by pulse doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. cells with this abnormality were large, immature, and mononuclear and tended toward erythroblastic maturation. | 1967 | 6058345 |
| isolation of different mycelial fractions from submerged culture of streptomyces griseus strain by density gradient centrifugation. | | 1967 | 6072918 |
| ilvb-encoded acetolactate synthase is resistant to the herbicide sulfometuron methyl. | the herbicide sulfometuron methyl is a potent inhibitor of the branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic enzyme acetolactate synthase (als) isolated from bacteria, fungi, and plants. however, it did not prevent growth of wild-type salmonella typhimurium lt2 or escherichia coli k-12. these species each contain two acetolactate synthase isozymes. growth of s. typhimurium and e. coli mutants lacking als i was prevented by the herbicide, suggesting that activity of the remaining als isoenzyme (ii or ii ... | 1984 | 6090425 |
| shope fibroma virus. iii: stimulation of the growth of the noncytocidal strain by a tumor promoter. | | 1983 | 6100467 |
| quantitative relationship between structure and mutagenic activity in a series of 5-nitroimidazoles. | the mutagenic activity of 20 5-nitroimidazoles was tested in salmonella typhimurium ta-100 strain by means of the ames test. a multiple regression analysis using the interaction term mr2 x hb and the chromatographic rm values yielded the equation: (formula see text); where c is the molar concentration (1 m x 10(-6) of each drug increasing the revertants by five times in the ames test. the interaction term mr2 x hb takes into account the positive effect exerted by substituents characterized by hi ... | 1983 | 6139889 |
| [alteration in content of lipids and lipoproteins in blood of rabbits with experimental allergic polyneuritis and encephalomyelitis]. | experimental allergic encephalomyelitis an polyneuritis were caused in male rats of 2.5-3.0 kg body mass of the shinshilla strain by means of administration into the foot of the animals pads of homogenous basic protein myelin from bovine spinal cord and myelin from bovine sciatic nerve as a mixture containing complete freund's adjuvant. in the impaired rabbits total fraction of beta- and pre-beta-lipoproteins as well as content of cholesterol and triglycerides were increased in blood. antibodies ... | 1981 | 6169201 |
| immunological characterization of a low oncogenic mouse mammary tumor virus balb/cniv mice. | antigenic determinants of mouse mammary tumor virus (mumtv) from the low-mammary-tumor-incidence strain balb/cniv were compared by competition radioimmunoassay with those of mumtv's isolated from several high- and low-mammary-tumor-incidence mouse strains, using rabbit hyperimmune sera against balb/cniv mumtv and against mumtv from the high-mammary-tumor-incidence strain balb/cfc3h. using anti-balb/cfc3h serum in competition radioimmunoassay, balb/cniv mumtv lacked antigenic determinants present ... | 1981 | 6169849 |
| altered salivary amylase gene in the mouse strain bxd-16. | an electrophoretic salivary amylase variant in the recombinant inbred mouse strain bxd-16 segregated in crosses as an allele at the salivary amylase locus. no other strain was found with the same combination of electrophoretic types of salivary and pancreatic amylase, and no sign of contamination by foreign genes from other strains was found. the variant therefore seems to have arisen during the inbreeding of the strain by a genetic alteration in the amylase complex. purified variant amylase had ... | 1982 | 6176569 |
| [in vitro study of the mechanism of inhibition of a staphylococcus pyogenes strain by a micrococcus sp strain]. | | 1969 | 5373663 |
| [study of the mechanism of in vitro inhibition of a micrococcus sp strain by a staphylococcus pyogenes strain]. | | 1969 | 5373662 |
| induction of prophage lambda in escherichia coli reca- strain by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. | induction of prophage by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) occurred in a reca- strain lysogenic for lambda phage at a level significantly higher than the spontaneous level although the frequency was much lower than that of induction in a reca+(lambda) strain. the plaque-forming ability of lambda c17 super-infecting the reca-(lambda) strain pretreated with mnng increased with dose of mnng as it did for super-infection of the reca+(lambda) strain, indicating that the frequency of maturat ... | 1983 | 6219287 |
| unlinking of cell division from deoxyribonucleic acid replication in a temperature-sensitive deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis mutant of escherichia coli. | a new type of temperature-sensitive deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) synthesis mutant, which can divide without a completion of dna replication, was isolated from a thymidine-requiring escherichia coli strain by means of photo-bromouracil selection after nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. in this mutant, in spite of the fact that dna synthesis stopped immediately after the temperature shift from 30 to 41 c, cells could continue to divide, though at a reduced rate. this cell division without dna synthesis ... | 1969 | 4905540 |
| factors affecting the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen at the surface of cultured human colon carcinoma cells. | factors affecting the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) at the surface of in vitro human colon carcinoma cells were determined using 125i-labeled antibodies. binding of specific anti-cea antibodies resulted in polar redistribution of cea, followed by endocytosis of most of the cea-anti-cea complexes. these processes were temperature and energy dependent. cea removed from the tumor cell surface by antibody was totally replaced within 6 hr at 37 degrees, and the reexpression of cea requ ... | 1980 | 6254650 |
| differential induction of squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas in mouse lung by intratracheal instillation of benzo(a)pyrene and charcoal powder. | differential induction of squamous cell carcinomas, adenomas, and adenocarcinomas was observed in the lungs of male c57bl/6 and c3h/he mice after repeated intratracheal instillation of benzo(a)pyrene (bp) and charcoal powder suspended in 0.9% nacl solution. when a high dose of bp (1.0 mg bp and 0.5 mg charcoal powder) was instilled intratracheally once a week for 8 weeks or when a low dose of bp (0.5 mg bp and 0.5 mg charcoal powder) was instilled once a week for 16 weeks, squamous cell carcinom ... | 1980 | 6258778 |