| synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine. | a series of phosphate esters of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine (dhpg, 1) were synthesized and evaluated for antiherpes virus activity. the cyclic phosphate esters were made by a new, efficient method utilizing stannic chloride as a solubilizing agent. monophosphate 2 and bisphosphate 4 showed comparable activity to dhpg and probably acted as prodrugs of dhpg. on the other hand, the cyclic phosphate of dhpg 3 was taken up by cells and bypassed the virus-specified thymidine kinase. as ... | 1986 | 3009811 |
| immune responses to isolated human cytomegalovirus envelope proteins. | a group of envelope proteins of human cytomegalovirus, ga protein (l. pereira, m. hoffman, m. tatsuno, and d. dondero, virology 139:73-86, 1984; l. pereira, p. 383-404, in b. roizman, ed., the herpesviruses, vol. 3, 1985), and two protein mixtures (58,000-molecular-weight [58k]-66k and 130k-66k), separated by serial columns prepared with anti-ga immunoglobulin g from sera of immunized guinea pigs, induced neutralizing antibodies and a cellular immune response in the animals. the ga is a disulfid ... | 1986 | 3009877 |
| establishment of a rat cell line inducible for the expression of human cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene products by protein synthesis inhibition. | upon transfection of rat-2-tk- cells with plasmid pes, containing the cloned 7.0-kilobase (kb) ecori-sali fragment (0.063 to 0.089 map units) of the human cytomegalovirus genome, major immediate-early antigen expression was obtained in 1 to 2% of the nuclei of the transfected cells, as determined by immunofluorescence with the e3 monoclonal antibody. cotransfection of pes with the cloned herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene resulted in the establishment of a hypoxanthine-aminopterin ... | 1986 | 3009892 |
| recent clinical isolates of cytomegalovirus suppress human cytomegalovirus-specific human leukocyte antigen-restricted cytotoxic t-lymphocyte activity. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells harvested from healthy adults seropositive for human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and cultured with laboratory strain ad-169 demonstrated human leukocyte antigen-restricted and hcmv-specific killing on target cells infected with either hcmv laboratory strain ad-169 or recent low-passage hcmv isolates. these results indicated that the determinants recognized by cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are shared among different strains of hcmv. however, when low-passage isolate ... | 1986 | 3012111 |
| immunoglobulin m to the membrane of uninfected fibroblasts in primary human cytomegalovirus infections. | thirty-two patients with primary human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection were examined for presence of antibody to the membrane (me) of uninfected human embryonic lung fibroblasts (helf) using an anti-complement immunofluorescence (acif) test. patients were divided into three groups according to age: less than or equal to 12 months (11 cases), 2-6 years (8 cases), greater than or equal to 13 years (13 cases). convalescent-phase sera from 13 out of 13 of the older and 6 out of 8 of the middle-aged ... | 1986 | 3012285 |
| rabbit kidney cells abortively infected with human cytomegalovirus are arrested in mitotic phase. | in rabbit kidney epithelial cells (rk13) abortively infected with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), dna synthesis at 1 or 2 days post-infection was enhanced 4 to 5 fold, compared to mock-infected cells. dna analysis by isopycnic centrifugation revealed that the dna newly synthesized in the virus infected rk13 cells was of cellular origin. hcmv infection also caused a marked increase in the mitotic activity of rk13 cells. when semi-confluent rk13 cells were infected more than 20 per cent of cells dem ... | 1986 | 3013126 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus in urine by dna-dna and rna-dna hybridization. | a diagnostic hybridization assay for detecting human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna in urine specimens was developed by using cloned viral dna and in vitro-synthesized rna probes. both probes detected 3 pg of homologous dna and hybridized with dna of hcmv but not with other viral or human cellular dna tested. in 95 urine specimens simultaneously tested by cell culture, the sensitivity of hybridization was at least 83%, and the specificity was at least 92%. this assay will be useful for rapid viral d ... | 1986 | 3014011 |
| characterization of glycoprotein complexes present in human cytomegalovirus envelopes. | three disulphide cross-bridged glycoprotein complexes were immunoprecipitated from purified human cytomegalovirus envelopes using a monoclonal antibody with a specificity for a glycoprotein of mol. wt. 52 x 10(3). these complexes were isolated by electroelution after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) under non-reducing conditions. compositional analysis of each complex by page under reducing conditions showed that at least two distinct complexes, one containing glycoproteins with mol. wt ... | 1986 | 3014056 |
| fc receptor(s) induced by human cytomegalovirus bind differentially with human immunoglobulin g subclasses. | the igg subclass specificity of fc receptor(s) induced on cells by infection with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was studied in a binding assay by using infected cells and purified iodinated igg of various subclasses from hcmv seronegative healthy adult donors. all four human igg subclasses bound to hcmv-infected cells, with the following relative magnitudes: igg1 greater than or equal to igg4 greater than igg2 greater than igg3. the igg subclass specificity of the fc receptor was further analysed ... | 1986 | 3014057 |
| intraocular 9-([2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxy] methyl) guanine levels after intravitreal and subconjunctival administration. | clearance studies in rabbits following intravitreal injection of 400 micrograms of 9-([2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl) guanine demonstrated levels of the antiviral at 60 hours above the in vitro id50 for several strains of human cytomegalovirus. intravitreal administration of this new antiviral may have therapeutic application in the treatment of acute retinal necrosis and cytomegalovirus retinitis complicating acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). | 1986 | 3014412 |
| nuclear factor 1 interacts with five dna elements in the promoter region of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate early gene. | the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), a ubiquitous pathogen of the herpesvirus group, has a linear double-stranded dna genome of 235 kb. the expression of its major immediate early gene (ie1) is entirely dependent on host factors, presumably proteins binding to dna elements in the regulatory regions of the gene. we have identified four high-affinity binding sites for nuclear factor 1 (nf1) in the promoter upstream region of ie1 gene between nucleotides -780 and -610, and an additional, even stronger ... | 1986 | 3015602 |
| an illustrated guide to the structure of the human cytomegalovirus genome and a review of transcription data. | | 1986 | 3018842 |
| latent infection of human ovarian teratocarcinoma cells with human cytomegalovirus. brief report. | persistent infection with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) can be established in cultures of human ovarian teratocarcinoma (pa1) cells, and maintained for more than 200 days. infected cultures maintained at 34 degrees c (pa1cmv34) and 37 degrees c (pa1cmv37) entered crisis and subsequently displayed massive cytopathic effects (cpe), whereas infected cultures maintained at 32 degrees c (pa1cmv32) and 39 degrees c (pa1cmv39) continued to release small amounts of infectious virus until 240 or 151 days ... | 1986 | 3019280 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of phosphate derivatives of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)-guanine against cytomegaloviruses. | the anti-cytomegalovirus activities of four phosphate derivatives of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (dhpg) were evaluated against human, monkey and murine viruses. the 5'-mono-, 3'5'-bis(mono-), and 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and 5'-homophosphonate forms of dhpg inhibited virus plaque formation at 1-15 microm. the cyclic phosphate and homophosphonate were more active than the other compounds against murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) in vitro. in an in vivo mcmv infection model, dhpg homoph ... | 1986 | 3021055 |
| the selection and characterization of human monoclonal antibodies to human cytomegalovirus. | this communication describes the application of epstein-barr virus lymphocyte transformation technology to the production of human monoclonal antibodies specific for human cytomegalovirus. a group of such igg antibodies have been characterized in terms of subclass, light-chain composition, specificity for particular viral proteins and neutralizing capacity. these results have shown that the production of antibodies by transformed lymphocytes is representative of the in vivo human immune response ... | 1986 | 3021800 |
| molecular cloning and analysis of three cdna clones homologous to human cytomegalovirus rnas present during late infection. | three virus-specific clones were isolated from a cdna library synthesized from human cytomegalovirus (ad169)-infected cell rna and cloned into the expression vector lambda gt11. these clones, designated c3, d10, and h10 were each found to express a human cytomegalovirus/beta-galactosidase fusion protein that was reactive with antibody prepared against purified virions. by using the cloned cdna, we were able to identify the transcripts that code for each gene product and study the kinetics of exp ... | 1986 | 3021986 |
| genomic localization, sequence analysis, and transcription of the putative human cytomegalovirus dna polymerase gene. | the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv)-induced dna polymerase has been well characterized biochemically and functionally, but its genomic location has not yet been assigned. to identify the coding sequence, cross-hybridization with the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) polymerase gene was used, as suggested by the close similarity of the herpes group virus-induced dna polymerases to the hcmv dna polymerase. a cosmid and plasmid library of the entire hcmv genome was screened with the bamhi q fragment ... | 1987 | 3023689 |
| [studies of the role of human cytomegalovirus infection in the etiology of retinitis and choroiditis. preliminary report]. | | 1986 | 3025509 |
| expression of a human cytomegalovirus late gene is posttranscriptionally regulated by a 3'-end-processing event occurring exclusively late after infection. | a phenomenon of posttranscriptional regulation has been previously identified in cytomegalovirus-infected human fibroblast cells (wathen and stinski, j. virol. 41:462, 1982). a region typifying this phenomenon has been located within the large unique component of the viral genome (map units 0.408 to 0.423). even though this transcriptional unit was highly transcribed at early times after infection, mrnas from this region were only detectable on the polyribosomes after viral dna replication. thus ... | 1986 | 3025644 |
| prospects for the clinical management of human cytomegalovirus infections. | infection of susceptible populations by human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is a significant public health problem in western societies. vaccination with live attenuated strains of hcmv has demonstrated some degree of clinical benefit but objections based on the possibility of these viruses becoming latent and their potential oncogenicity must be considered. our knowledge of the biology and immunology of hcmv, although advancing rapidly, is still a long way short of being able to predict candidate subu ... | 1986 | 3026105 |
| factors affecting the detection of cytomegalovirus in urine by sandwich enzyme immunoassays. | some factors influencing the detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in urine were investigated employing 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas); one utilised anti-cmv dna polymerase while the other anti-cmv mouse monoclonals as the detecting antibodies. the use of anti-cmv dna polymerase was found to be superior in detecting hcmv in both urine and tissue culture fluids than anti-cmv monoclonals. furthermore, alkaline phosphatase conjugates produced much lower background than did peroxi ... | 1987 | 3027118 |
| cytomegalovirus in urine specimens has host beta 2 microglobulin bound to the viral envelope: a mechanism of evading the host immune response? | we have previously reported that human cytomegalovirus (cmv) from urine specimens cannot be captured onto a solid phase by cmv-specific monoclonal antibodies that can capture cmv grown in vitro. we report here that cmv exists in vivo in body fluids such as urine as beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2 m)-coated particles. we have demonstrated the presence of beta 2m on cmv purified directly from urine by western blotting and have shown that the beta 2m was associated with the viral envelope. urinary cmv ... | 1987 | 3029305 |
| a test for human cytomegalovirus-specific immunoglobulins using a modification of a commercial test kit. | a technique (ig-eia) for the detection of cmv-specific igg, igm and iga in human blood is described. ig-eia utilizes alkaline phosphatase-labeled goat anti-human igg, igm and iga as a detection probe and cmv antigen-coated solid phase from commercial kits. ig-eia is compared to indirect fluorescent assay (ifa) and indirect hemagglutination (iha) for sensitivity and specificity. on sequential samples of blood from a set of patients, ig-eia clearly demonstrated seroconversion in cmv-specific igg a ... | 1987 | 3031114 |
| effect of combinations of difluoromethylornithine (dfmo) and 9[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy) methyl]guanine (dhpg) on human cytomegalovirus. | both the nucleoside analog 9[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine (ganciclovir; dhpg) and the polyamine synthesis inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (dfmo) have been reported to inhibit replication of cytomegalovirus (cmv) in vitro. in these studies, dhpg inhibited human cmv replication at concentrations of 0.1 microm or greater, while dfmo was active (and then only inconsistently) at 5 mm or greater. (dfmo was added to cells 3 days before virus to maximize polyamine depletion.) however, dhpg ... | 1987 | 3031202 |
| the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter is a strong promoter in cultured drosophila melanogaster cells. | | 1987 | 3031595 |
| acyclic guanosine analogs as inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus. | the acyclic guanosine analogs r- and s-enantiomers of 9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine [(r)- and (s)-dhbg], 9-(4-hydroxybutyl)guanine (hbg), and 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acv) were examined for their effects on human cytomegalovirus (cmv) replication and on cmv dna synthesis in cell culture as well as for their ability as triphosphates to interact with cmv dna polymerase. production of early cmv antigens was not affected. all analogs inhibited cmv dna synthesis and late viral antigen synthe ... | 1987 | 3032096 |
| the two major structural phosphoproteins (pp65 and pp150) of human cytomegalovirus and their antigenic properties. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) purified from cell culture contains two dominant structural phosphoproteins with apparent molecular weights of 65,000 and 150,000, designated as pp65 and pp150 respectively. the humoral immune response of infected individuals against pp65 is relatively weak and is not always detectable by western blot analyses. this report shows that recent clinical isolates of hcmv do not necessarily have pp65 as a prominent constituent, suggesting that the low immune reaction is du ... | 1987 | 3033138 |
| map position and nucleotide sequence of the gene for the large structural phosphoprotein of human cytomegalovirus. | human cytomegalovirus particles contain a phosphoprotein of 150,000 (pp150) apparent molecular weight in their matrix; the protein appears particularly reactive in western blot analyses with human antisera. the gene for pp150 was mapped by screening a bacteriophage lambda gt11 cdna expression library with monospecific rabbit antisera. subsequent hybridization of cdna with cosmid and plasmid clones containing the human cytomegalovirus strain ad169 genome mapped the gene to hindiii fragments j and ... | 1987 | 3033266 |
| multiple tandemly repeated binding sites for cellular nuclear factor 1 that surround the major immediate-early promoters of simian and human cytomegalovirus. | we show that the large dna genomes of human and simian cytomegaloviruses (hcmv and scmv, respectively) each contain multiple binding sites for purified cellular nuclear factor 1 (nf1) protein. examination of the major immediate-early (ie) gene region in the hindiii h fragment of scmv (colburn) by filter binding assays showed that it competed 45-fold better than the single adenovirus type 2 binding site for nf1 protein and that it contained at least two distinct binding loci. direct dnase i footp ... | 1987 | 3033283 |
| conservation and map location of human cytomegalovirus strain ad-169 transforming sequences in the dna of clinical isolates. | all dnas from human cytomegalovirus studied (57 fresh isolates, 3 reference strains) showed hybridization under stringent conditions to a plasmid containing strain ad-169 transforming sequences. analysis of hybridization patterns obtained with dnas digested by three different enzymes allowed construction of a global map for this highly conserved area of the genome. | 1987 | 3033447 |
| stimulating effect of heat shock on the early stage of human cytomegalovirus replication cycle. | the effect of mild heat shock on the replication of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was studied in human embryo fibroblasts. treatment of cell cultures at 44 degrees c for 10 min just before infection or at 24 h post infection (p.i.) shortened hcmv eclipse period and enhanced viral replication, while heat shock performed at 48 h p.i. had no effect on the hcmv replication cycle. study of hcmv-induced early and late antigens confirmed that the cellular response to heat shock influences hcmv replicati ... | 1986 | 3033930 |
| kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva and cmv-retinitis in aids. | the number of aids patients is still increasing. in 30-50% of these patients ocular lesions occur, which are of diagnostic and prognostic significance. if the life-span of aids patients lengthens in the future, adequate treatment of the ocular conditions will become increasingly important. the two most important ocular manifestations aids are cmv-retinitis and kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva. dhpg, a new virustatic for human cytomegalovirus, appears promising as treatment for the severe cmv- ... | 1986 | 3034535 |
| analysis of long-term human cytomegalovirus latency in vitro. | human leukocyte interferon (ifn-alpha) and acyclovir (acv) have been used to establish human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) latency in infected human embryo lung fibroblast (hel-f) cells. hcmv latency was maintained for a short interval (less than 9 days) after removal of inhibitors by increasing the incubation temperature. we now report a model system in which hcmv latency has been dramatically extended. hel-f cells pretreated with ifn-alpha (200 iu/ml) and acv (300 microm) were infected with a low moi ... | 1986 | 3034821 |
| viral replication in hela/fibroblast hybrid cells infected with human cytomegalovirus. | three human hybrid cell lines were generated by the fusion of d 98or, a hela cell variant, and tig human diploid fibroblasts. chromosome numbers of the hybrid cells fell between that of d 98or cells and the combined chromosome number of the two cell lines, with three marker chromosomes identical to those of d 98or cells. one hybrid, b-3, produced large amounts of human fibronectin as analyzed by immunohistochemistry. only human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infected b-3 cells showed positive fluorescen ... | 1987 | 3036044 |
| structural and immunological characterization of the intracellular forms of an abundant 68,000 mr human cytomegalovirus protein. | murine monoclonal antibodies and polyvalent monospecific antisera reactive with an abundant 68,000 mr (p68) human cytomegalovirus (cmv) virion protein were used to characterize this protein within cmv-infected cells. the protein was found to partition within the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected cells. pulse-chase analysis indicated the p68 was degraded into three proteins of 52,000, 51,000 and 50,000 mr which were found only within infected cells. both cellular forms as well as the virion p68 w ... | 1987 | 3037013 |
| spectrum of human cytomegalovirus complement-fixing antigens. | | 1967 | 4293994 |
| isolation of human cytomegalovirus from the circulating leucocytes of a leukaemic patient. | | 1968 | 4295969 |
| prevalence and duration of postnatally acquired human cytomegalovirus infection. | | 1970 | 4314404 |
| preparation of immune rabbit sera with neutralizing activity against human cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus. | | 1970 | 4316778 |
| [injurious effect of 6-azauridine on the multiplication of human cytomegalovirus]. | | 1969 | 4320268 |
| indirect haemagglutination of human cytomegalovirus. | | 1971 | 4331013 |
| human cytomegalovirus infection of cultured fibroblasts. ii. viral replicative sequence of a wild and an adapted strain. | | 1972 | 4341547 |
| three-day assay for human cytomegalovirus applicable to serum neutralization tests. | a fluorescing cell assay (fca) technique utilizing the indirect fluorescent-antibody method to measure human cytomegalovirus (cmv)-infected cells has been applied to the rapid determination of cmv-neutralizing antibody. human sera with complement fixation titers to cmv of 1/32 or greater and fluorescein-conjugated rabbit anti-human globulin are the primary and secondary reagents in the fluorescent-antibody test. fca measured in 3 days the same number of infectious units measured by plaque assay ... | 1973 | 4346976 |
| cytomegalovirus replication in cells pretreated with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. | the replication of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) in cells pretreated with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (iudr) was studied. pretreatment of cells with iudr enhanced several parameters of virus replication. virus grown in drug-treated cells exhibited a shorter eclipse period and the cells produced more infectious virus sooner than did untreated cells. there was an approximate fivefold increase in virus yield per cell in the drug-treated samples when compared to control cultures. the time required for plaq ... | 1973 | 4351463 |
| "plexiform vermicellar arrays" in human cytomegalovirus-infected wi-38 human embryonic fibroblast cells. | | 1974 | 4372865 |
| human cytomegalovirus dna sequences with homologies to the cellular genome. | dna from a cosmid-cloned gene library of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) strain ad169 was found to share sequence homologies with cellular dna of various origins. viral dna fragments subcloned in plasmid vectors enabled localization of the homologous sequences to five regions of the hcmv genome. four of these regions were found in the long unique (ul) segment of the viral genome (ecori fragments r, i and b, and hindiii fragment s); one region with virus--cell homology was located in the terminal in ... | 1984 | 6086821 |
| supernatant virus release as a differentiating marker between low passage and vaccine strains of human cytomegalovirus. | the ratio of cmv virus released into the supernatant per infected human fibroblast was studied for three laboratory strains and seven fresh isolates. the former all gave ratios over one whereas the latter gave ratios less than one. this phenomenon may serve as a marker of high passage attenuated virus, as about 25 passages were required in case of one strain to change this property. | 1983 | 6099639 |
| comparison of the occurrence of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus as demonstrated by complement fixation, enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence. | 180 serum specimens from pregnant women and renal transplant recipients, were studied for the presence of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) by complement fixation (cf), enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (eia) for igg and igm, and indirect immunofluorescence (iif). iif was carried out separately against immediate-early, early and late hcmv-induced antigens. a positive cf test was always associated with the presence of antibodies against late virus antigens. eia procedures were able to de ... | 1982 | 6100235 |
| the immune response to human cytomegalovirus-induced early nuclear and early membrane antigens and its possible clinical significance. | before replication of the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) genome takes place, two major antigenic complexes are induced in the infected cell by an early expression of parental viral genome: one (early antigen or ea) is localised in the nucleus, the other (early membrane antigen or ema) on the plasma-membrane. sequential samples of serum from renal transplant recipients, pregnant women, blood donors and patients with known hcmv disease were examined by means of indirect immunofluorescence tests for ... | 1984 | 6098617 |
| physical properties of cytomegalorvirus immune complexes prepared with igg neutralizing antibody, anti-igg, and complement. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strain ad 169 was reacted with igg antibody (ab) from a cmv-infected renal transplant patient. a portion of he virus was neutralized, but infectious cmv-ab complexes that could be neutralized by adding rabbit anti-human igg (a-igg) or complement (c) were also generated. the immune complexes were examined, and the following observations were made: 1) cmv ab sufficient to cause 94% neutralization did not induce measurable changes in virion size or density. 2) the cmv-ab ... | 1980 | 6243148 |
| effect of uv-irradiated human cytomegalovirus infection on exogenous thymidine metabolism in human embryonic lung cells. variation depending cells. | | 1980 | 6247625 |
| inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication by 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine alone and in combination with human interferons. | the inhibitory action of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine on the replication of human cytomegalovirus was studied. three laboratory strains (ad-169, towne, and davis) and three early passage (less than 10) clinical isolates were all inhibited in yield inhibition assays. in cultures infected with ad-169, virus yields could be inhibited if the drug was added as late as 3 days after the replication cycle had begun. the effects of the drug were fully reversible during the first 4 days of the ... | 1984 | 6097163 |
| lysosomal acridine orange uptake in fibroblasts transformed by sv40 or human cytomegalovirus. | lysosomes of living human fibroblasts, sv40-transformed rat fibroblasts and human cmv-transformed hamster fibroblasts were examined by fluorescence microscopy after pretreatment with acridine orange at a supravital concentrations (5 x 10(6) m). dye uptake by human primary fibroblast lysosomes was considerable and independent of the age of the cultures. in the transformed cultures, cytoplasmic granular red fluorescence indicating lysosomal acridine orange uptake could not be observed in part of t ... | 1980 | 6251701 |
| virus excretion and neutralizing antibody response in saliva in human cytomegalovirus infection. | the local secretory immune mechanism in infants with cytomegalovirus infection was studied by a measurement of neutralizing antibody in saliva. neutralizing antibodies were determined by the microculture plaque assay in 65 saliva specimens including 54 samples from cytomegalovirus-infected subjects and 11 from seronegative controls. in addition, cytomegalovirus isolation from saliva or urine or both and antibody determination in serum and saliva were simultaneously performed on seven infants wit ... | 1980 | 6253399 |
| human cytomegalovirus infections in vitro after treatment with arildone. | arildone (win 38020), a broad spectrum antiviral, aryl-beta-diketone (4-[6-(2-chloro-4-methoxy)phenoxyl]hexyl-3,5-heptanedione), blocks the replication of human cytomegalovirus at a stage prior to the synthesis of virus-specific dna. inhibitory action was demonstrated against a number of virus isolates from neonates and immune-compromised patients. intranuclear sites of virus replication, highlighted by dna-staining methods or immunofluorescence, were absent after arildone treatment and correspo ... | 1984 | 6096491 |
| characterization of the human cytomegalovirus envelope glycoproteins. | virions of human cytomegalovirus were shown to contain two discrete membranes. an outer, loose fitting, membrane was sensitive to osmotic shock and could be partially removed by diluting buffered preparations of virions with water. purified virions were shown, by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of virion membranes labelled by carbohydrate-specific procedures, to contain five glycoproteins with molecular weights of 52, 67, 95, 130 and 250, all x 10(3). digestion of virions with endoglycosi ... | 1984 | 6094713 |
| a human nucleolar antigen (pp90) associated with cell growth and its induction by epstein-barr virus and human cytomegalovirus. | immunofluorescent staining of hela cells with rabbit antiserum raised against isolated hela cell nucleoli showed bright nucleolar fluorescence. immunoprecipitation of nuclear extracts obtained from hela cells labelled with 35s-methionine or 32p-orthophosphate followed by gel electrophoresis of the precipitate revealed a major band of 90 kd. this antigen, called pp90, was judged to be responsible for the nucleolar fluorescence. serine residues were predominantly phosphorylated in pp90. similar nu ... | 1984 | 6094364 |
| structure of the heterogeneous l-s junction region of human cytomegalovirus strain ad169 dna. | the genome of human cytomegalovirus strain ad169 contains a region of heterogeneity located at the junction between the long (l) and short (s) components of the viral dna. twelve cloned l-s junction fragments were studied by using the restriction enzymes haeii and xhoi. the region of heterogeneity was localized within a single haeii restriction fragment. the enzyme xhoi was used to subdivide this region and revealed the presence of three types of heterogeneity within the junction fragments. each ... | 1984 | 6092675 |
| characterization of the guinea pig cytomegalovirus genome by molecular cloning and physical mapping. | fragments of guinea pig cytomegalovirus (gpcmv) dna produced by hindiii or ecori restriction endonuclease digestion were cloned into vectors pbr322 and pacyc184, and recombinant fragments representing ca. 97% of the genome were constructed. hybridization of 32p-labeled cloned and gel-purified hindiii, ecori, and xbai fragments to southern blots of hindiii-, ecori-, and xbai-cleaved gpcmv dna verified the viral origin of cloned fragments and allowed construction of hindiii, ecori, and xbai restri ... | 1984 | 6092669 |
| acute cytomegalovirus infections in leukemic mice. | mice infected with 2 x 10(3) plaque-forming units of mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) 3 days after receiving 300 to 400 spleen focus-forming units of friend leukemia virus developed a more severe mcmv infection than did normal animals. increased severity was demonstrated by the increased amounts of mcmv recoverable from the salivary glands of leukemic mice 1 to 5 weeks postinfection. in addition, the difference in the number of virus isolations from the kidneys, spleens, livers, and lungs of animals ... | 1980 | 6260649 |
| complementation of an adenovirus 5 immediate early mutant by human cytomegalovirus. | the initiation of the lytic cycle of adenovirus 5 requires synthesis of a transcriptional activator encoded by the viral early genetic unit, e1a. mutant viruses lacking e1a are defective. human cytomegalovirus activated transcription of early adenovirus genes and complemented an e1a- adenovirus mutant in cells permissive for both viruses. | 1984 | 6091338 |
| lymphocyte subsets and urinary excretion of cytomegalovirus among homosexual men attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. | a significantly higher frequency of urinary excretion of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was noted in homosexual men (29 [18%] of 161) than in heterosexual men (3 [4%] of 77) attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. however, differences were not significant when only persons with antibody to hcmv were compared (29 of 157 vs. 3 of 33). the homosexual men who excreted hcmv had a significantly lower mean ratio of t-helper (okt4+) to t-suppressor (okt8+) cells (1.13 +/- 0.09) than did the ... | 1984 | 6090540 |
| determination of iga antibodies to human cytomegalovirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is described for detection of iga antibodies cytomegalovirus (cmv). the antigen consisted of a sonicated extract of cmv infected human embryo cells. the tested sera were absorbed with staphylococcus aureus (strain cowan 1) before analysis. rabbit antihuman iga peroxidase conjugate was used to detect human iga bound to viral antigen. in parallel, igm and igg antibodies to cmv were studied by elisa and by the immunoperoxidase antibody to membra ... | 1980 | 6262458 |
| search for dna sequences of human cytomegalovirus in kaposi's sarcoma tissues with cloned probes. preliminary report. | | 1983 | 6087726 |
| dexamethasone enhances human cytomegalovirus replication in human epithelial cell cultures. | an epithelial human hepatoma cell line (plc/prf/5) and a primary epithelial human baby kidney (hbk) cell culture showed restricted growth of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). treatment of these two epithelial cell cultures with dexamethasone greatly enhanced their ability to support hcmv replication. growth kinetic experiments and infectious center assay revealed that in both the hormone-treated cultures infectious progeny virus appeared earlier by 1 or 2 days and 5- or 10-fold more cells are able t ... | 1984 | 6087554 |
| small fragments of herpesvirus dna with transforming activity contain insertion sequence-like structures. | a 737-base-pair fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna with morphological-transforming ability was identified by transfecting into rodent cells deleted fragments of the left-hand end of the bgl ii n fragment region (map position 0.58-0.625), which were constructed in vitro. the transforming sequences lie within the coding region for a mr 61,000 protein, but the fragment itself does not appear to specify a viral polypeptide. contained within the transforming fragment are sequences that can b ... | 1984 | 6087345 |
| cell-mediated immunity in human cytomegalovirus infection. | the direct leukocyte migration inhibition test, in response to cytomegalovirus stimulation, was used to study cell-mediated immunity in a group of children with cytomegalovirus infection. the test was impaired in children with chronic disease associated with cytomegaloviruria. in those cases with no viruria at the moment of the test, leukocyte migration inhibition was normal. our data suggest that the acquired chronic cytomegalovirus infection may be sustained by a state of specific cellular des ... | 1982 | 6279516 |
| use of recombinant plasmids to investigate the structure of the human cytomegalovirus genome. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna was digested with restriction endonucleases and the fragments characterized with respect to molecular weight and relative mole proportions. the terminal fragments were identified by digesting hcmv dna with exonucleases before restriction endonuclease treatment and subsequent gel analysis. the hindiii fragments of hcmv dna were cloned in escherichia coli and recombinant plasmids were characterized by digestion with restriction endonucleases and by molecular hybrid ... | 1982 | 6279770 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus- specific iga antibodies in colostrum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | fifty women were examined after delivery for the prevalence of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus in colostrum and sera. eighty percent of them had specific cmv igg antibodies in the sera, as determined by the immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen (ipama) technique. of the cmv-seropositive women, 60% had specific cmv iga antibodies in high titer in the colostrum as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). in only two of the seropositive women were specific cmv iga antibo ... | 1982 | 6279779 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus in clinical specimens by dna-dna hybridization. | a diagnostic assay has been developed to detect human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna in clinical specimens with 32p-labeled cloned fragments of hcmv strain ad169. the labeled probe can detect 10 pg of hcmv dna and fails to hybridize to dna from other herpesviruses or human dna. the assay correctly identified 22 (92%) of 24 coded urine specimens culture positive for hcmv and 23 (88%) of 26 urine specimens culture negative for hcmv. in a prospective study of 67 buffy-coat specimens from recipients of ... | 1984 | 6086767 |
| multiplicity reactivation of human cytomegalovirus inactivated by ultra-violet light. | | 1974 | 4374440 |
| the development of immunofluorescent antibodies as compared with complement-fixing and virus-neutralizing antibodies in human cytomegalovirus infection. | | 1972 | 4341813 |
| [study on cytomegalovirus infection. 2. study on human cytomegalovirus infection in cultured cells]. | | 1968 | 4304724 |
| a modified immunofluorescent test for detection of antibody against human cytomegalovirus. | | 1982 | 6285116 |
| characterization of dna polymerase induced by salmon herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus. | a dna polymerase induced by oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) was isolated from cultured salmon cells infected with omv using sequential ion-exchange column chromatography steps. the properties of the omv polymerase were compared to those of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) polymerase and polymerase alpha from cherry salmon (masu salmon, o. masou) testes. omv polymerase was clearly distinguished from the other polymerases by its optimum temperature for enzyme activity, 25 degrees c. in an investigation ... | 1986 | 3944590 |
| a novel selective broad-spectrum anti-dna virus agent. | a new compound has been found, (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine ((s)-hpmpa), that has potent and selective activity against a broad spectrum of dna viruses, including herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2); varicella zoster virus; thymidine kinase-deficient (tk-) mutants of herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus; human cytomegalovirus; phocid, simian, suid, bovid and equid herpesviruses; african swine fever virus; vaccinia virus; and human adenoviruses. it is also active again ... | 1986 | 3762696 |
| virus-specific serum igg, igm, and iga antibodies in cytomegalovirus mononucleosis patients as determined by immunoblotting technique. | the immune response to individual human cytomegalovirus (cmv) structural polypeptides was studied in paired sera from 15 adult cmv mononucleosis (cmv-mn) patients and healthy controls by immunoblotting technique (ib). igm and igg antibodies to at least 11 structural polypeptides with molecular weights of 28k, 49k, 55k, 57k, 66-70k, 82k, 87k, 110k, 150k, 205k, and 235k were detected in the patients' sera in the serum sample obtained in the acute phase of the disease. iga antibodies to polypeptide ... | 1987 | 3040895 |
| epstein-barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines as antigen-presenting cells and "augmenting" cells for human cmv-specific th clones. | the ability of epstein-barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcl) to present human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) antigen to a panel of hcmv-specific t helper (th) clones was evaluated. among the seven th clones studied, only one clone (sp-cn/t3-16) proliferated well to hcmv presented by both autologous mononuclear cells (mnc) and lcl, and one clone (sp-cn/t3-9) proliferated significantly better to hcmv presented by autologous lcl than by autologous mnc. the majority of the hcmv-specific th ... | 1987 | 3038341 |
| murine monoclonal antibody to a single protein neutralizes the infectivity of human cytomegalovirus. | murine monoclonal antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strain ad169 were selected that neutralized virus infectivity. one monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma, 1g6, was used to produce ascites fluid from which immunoglobulin was isolated. this antibody efficiently neutralized cmv ad169, other laboratory strains (towne, davis), and clinical isolates of cmv in early tissue culture passage (less than 10) in the absence of complement. the antibody immunoprecipitated a single 86,000-dalton pr ... | 1984 | 6199788 |
| high efficiency latency and activation of herpes simplex virus in human cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) exists in humans in a latent form that can be activated. to characterize the molecular basis of the cell-virus interactions and to analyze the state of the latent hsv genome, an in vitro model system was established. in this system a large fraction of the latently infected cells contain an hsv genome that can be activated. cell survival was reduced minimally after repression of high multiplicity hsv type 1 (hsv-1) infection of human fibroblast cells with (e)-5-(2-bromo ... | 1982 | 6180477 |
| effects of acyclovir combined with other antiviral agents on human cytomegalovirus. | at present, there is no effective therapy for human cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections. although acyclovir inhibits in vitro clinical isolates of cmv, preliminary human trials suggest that acyclovir may not be successful as a single antiviral agent in treating cmv infections. the anticmv activity of acyclovir in combination with human fibroblast interferon (ifn-beta), phosphonoformic acid (pfa), or trifluorothymidine (tft) was therefore evaluated. when acyclovir (20 microm) was combined with ifn-b ... | 1982 | 6179416 |
| nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions in disseminated human cytomegalovirus infection. | a case of disseminated human cytomegalovirus infection is described in a full-term female who expired 3 1/2 h after birth. cytomegalic inclusions, both intranuclear and intracytoplasmic, were observed mainly in the kidneys, liver, lungs, and anterior pituitary but were not seen in the bone marrow and spleen. whereas the nuclear inclusions consisted of an amorphous filamentous meshwork with a variable number of pleomorphic capsids, the cytoplasmic inclusions were composed of membrane-bound aggreg ... | 1982 | 6293134 |
| bwb759u, an analogue of acyclovir, inhibits human cytomegalovirus in vitro. | | 1984 | 6148640 |
| cytomegalovirus antigen within human arterial smooth muscle cells. | arterial tissues from carotid artery plaques or from punch-biopsy samples of uninvolved areas of the aorta were removed from 132 patients with atherosclerosis during blood-vessel surgery. cells morphologically identical to smooth muscle cells were cultured from 26 to 126 plaque samples and from 6 of 6 punch-biopsy samples. immunofluorescence tests of these cells showed that more than 25% of the cell cultures from both types of sample contained antigens of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) but not of h ... | 1983 | 6136795 |
| ultrastructural development and persistence of guinea pig cytomegalovirus in duet cells of guinea pig submaxillary gland. | salivary glands from hartley guinea pigs were experimentally infected with guinea pig cytomegalovirus (gpcmv) and examined by light and electron microscopy at different time intervals. characteristic intranuclear and intracytoplasmic viral inclusions were observed in duct cells of infected animals. viral inclusion counts and infectivity titers in the salivary gland reached maximum levels by 3 to 4 weeks after infection; infectivity persisted, though at reduced levels, for at least 30 weeks. elec ... | 1980 | 6247997 |
| immunofluorescence technique for detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) antibodies against hcmv-induced late antigens with elimination of immunoglobulin g-receptor staining. | an immunofluorescence technique is described which permits the elimination of nonspecific cytoplasmic staining from late antigen preparations by using in situ a buffer containing nonidet p-40. | 1980 | 6253519 |
| seroconversion to virus-specific pre-early nuclear antigens in infants with primary cytomegalovirus infection. | antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (cmv)-specific antigens were determined in sera serially collected from 10 infants with primary cmv infection. antibodies to pre-early nuclear antigens (pena), which are detectable in human embryonic lung cells within 3 h of cmv infection by anticomplement immunofluorescence staining, developed in all the patients. however, in contrast to the early response of anti-early antigens (ea), anti-late antigens (la), and immunoglobulin m antimembrane antigens (ma), s ... | 1980 | 6254876 |
| [human cytomegalovirus and congestive cardiomyopathy (author's transl)]. | congestive cardiomyopathy in 3 cases, in which occurrence of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection was demonstrated, is described. in all cases significant rise in total cmv antibodies and in early antigen-antibodies was found: cmv was also isolated from urine and saliva in one, a 13 years old boy, and only from urine in the others two patients, 20 and 26 old men. immunoglobulin m was raised only in the first case, in which cmv infection was likely in act: instead in the others two cmv infection ... | 1980 | 6257578 |
| replication of human cytomegalovirus at supra-optimal temperatures is dependent on the virus strain, multiplicity of infection and phase of virus replication. | the kinetics of replication of five strains of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) were studied to determine the influence of (i) temperature, (ii) virus strain, (iii) m.o.i. and (iv) cell type. relative to growth at 37 degrees c (m.o.i. = 3 to 9) eclipse periods were extended from 24 to 48 h at 33 degrees c and to 72 h at 40.5 degrees c. yields were reduced at 33 degrees c and almost eliminated at 40.5 degrees c. no replication occurred in most instances at 40.5 degrees c and with 0.05 p.f.u./cell. tem ... | 1980 | 6257838 |
| [establishment of persistent cytomegalovirus infection in primary cultured trophoblastic cells (author's transl)]. | the primary cultured cells (ch) derived from chorionic villi were infected with human cytomegalovirus (cmv). the main results obtained are as follows. 1) the primary cultured trophoblastic cell (ch) infected with cmv have been maintained in the state of cmv persistent infection for over 6 months. these cells (ch/cmv) were the cmv-carrier cells in a balance between the cytolysis by cmv-specific cytopathic effect (cpe) and the growth of uninfected cells, showing the cmv persistent infection at the ... | 1980 | 6259876 |
| human cytomegalovirus-induced inhibition of exogenous thymidine uptake into cell dna in hel cells stimulated to proliferate with serum. | in contrast with the previous findings by us and others, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection caused inhibition of exogenous 3h-dthd uptake into cell dna in human embryonic lung (hel) cells which were stimulated to proliferate with serum at the time of infection. the response of hel cells to hcmv infection varied depending on the hel cell population, and the inhibition of 3h-dthd incorporation was observed in a particular hel cell population prepared in our laboratory. that the inhibition was ... | 1980 | 6261422 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus genomes in human skin fibroblasts by dna hybridization. | a previous isolation of a human cytomegalovirus (cmv) from fibroblasts derived from intact skin of a charcot-marie-tooth disease patient has prompted examination of six blind-coded cultured human skin lines by cmv dna hybridization. the detection of cmv genome equivalents in three of the lines suggests that, in some cases, intact human skin may be a site of cmv latency. | 1980 | 6262444 |
| igg-fc-binding receptors in cells abortively infected, or transformed, by human cytomegalovirus. | abortive human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection of normal hamster cells is accompanied by formation of cytoplasmic and surface receptors for the fc portion of nonimmune igg molecules. the process requires rna and protein synthesis but no dna synthesis. the surface receptors are detectable only transiently, in a small proportion of the cells. the receptors are also present in cells transformed by hcmv in vitro (87-trh-5 and cx-90-3b cell lines) as well as in cells of lines tsc-1 and tsc-2 from tu ... | 1981 | 6266208 |
| latency in vitro using irradiated herpes simplex virus. | human embryonic fibroblasts infected with u.v.-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2, strain 186) and maintained at 40.5 degrees c did not yield detectable virus. virus synthesis was induced by temperature shift-down to 36.5 degrees c. the induced virus grew very poorly and was inactivated very rapidly at 40.5 degrees c. non-irradiated virus failed to establish latency at 40.5 degrees c in infected cells. enhanced reactivation of hsv-2 was observed when latently infected cultures were su ... | 1981 | 6267167 |
| influence of cell cycle on the efficiency of transfection with purified human cytomegalovirus dna. | the efficiency of transfection of purified hcmv genome was studied in synchronized human embryo fibroblasts. the data show that hcmv dna infection performed in s phase is more efficient than in cells infected in g2, m and g1 phases of cell cycle, respectively. these findings stress the importance of the metabolic state of cell cultures in hcmv genome transfection. | 1983 | 6318698 |
| human cytomegalovirus dna: restriction enzyme cleavage maps and map locations for immediate-early, early, and late rnas. | | 1981 | 6269285 |
| cloning of the human cytomegalovirus genome as endonuclease xbai fragments. | restriction enzyme xbai dna fragments that represent 99% of the sequences from the long and short unique as well as the repeat sequences of the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) genome have been cloned into bacterial plasmid pacyc184. the viral dna sequences associated with the recombinant plasmids were analyzed by restriction mapping and by hybridization to fragments of authentic viral dna. the relationship of the cloned viral dna fragments to the xbai physical map of the viral genome is demonstrated ... | 1981 | 6282691 |
| effects of canavanine treatment on herpesvirus morphogenesis in cultured cells. | l-canavanine, a naturally occurring analog of arginine, effectively inhibited the morphogenesis of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) when added at the time of infection, but allowed the expression of several cytopathic changes. exposure to canavanine at progressively later times ultimately led to qualitatively normal virion maturation. under no conditions were morphologically aberrant viral particles observed. however, hsv-infected cells treated at 3 h postinfection or ... | 1981 | 6282774 |
| predominant immediate-early transcripts of human cytomegalovirus ad 169. | transcription of the human cytomegalovirus genome (strain ad 169) was investigated at the immediate-early (ie) time after infection, by using cycloheximide to suppress virus-specific protein synthesis. in total cell rna, four predominant ie transcripts were found which were encoded by one contiguous region of the long unique segment between map units 0.06 and 0.16 in prototype arrangement of human cytomegalovirus ad 169 dna. analysis by northern blot hybridizations demonstrated that the transcri ... | 1984 | 6319737 |
| analysis of human cytomegalovirus nucleoprotein complexes. | when chromatin was isolated from cells infected with human cytomegalovirus, the virus dna remained with the chromatin fraction. if deproteinized virus dna was added to either isolated nuclei or chromatin, the dna was lost during the chromatin isolation. when isolated chromatin from cytomegalovirus-infected cells was banded in isopycnic metrizamide gradients, a single peak with a density of 1.18 g/cm3 was present. analysis of this peak in isopycnic neutral cscl gradients indicated that it contain ... | 1982 | 6283123 |